ISBN:
9781134870752
Language:
English
Pages:
1 Online-Ressource (657 pages)
Series Statement:
Rewriting Antiquity Ser
DDC:
305.230937
Keywords:
Children-History-Mediterranean Region-To 1500
;
Social archaeology-Mediterranean Region
;
Children-Mediterranean Region-Social conditions
Abstract:
Cover -- Endorsement -- Half Title -- Series Information -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of contents -- Figures -- Tables -- Contributors -- Abbreviations -- Introduction: Investigating the ancient Mediterranean 'childscape' -- Note -- References -- Part I What is a child? -- 1 The ancient Egyptian conception of children and childhood -- Terminology -- Characteristics of children and childhood -- Childhood markers and "rites of passage": Physical development, body modification, dress and relative social status -- The representation of children's physical development -- Body modification -- Hair -- Tattoos -- Circumcision -- Dress, undress and life stage -- Relative social status, social class and gender -- Social status -- The impact of social class and gender -- Conclusions -- References -- 2 What is a child in Aegean prehistory? -- Before the palaces: the Early Bronze Age Aegean -- Constructions of childhood in the period of the Minoan palaces -- The artistic evidence: a typology of Minoan and Cycladic age grades -- Girls -- Boys -- Discussion: Minoan constructions of childhood -- Age grades, hairstyle and costuming -- Rites of passage and gendered social roles -- Education -- Children and families -- Children as social actors -- Conclusions: what was a Minoan child? -- Mycenaean constructions of childhood -- Mycenaean evidence -- Linear B tablets -- Funerary evidence -- Artistic representations -- Discussion: Mycenaean constructions of childhood -- Conclusions: what was Mycenaean childhood? -- References -- 3 Ideological constructions of childhood in Bronze and Early Iron Age Italy: Personhood between marginality and social ... -- Introduction -- Theoretical framework -- Methodological issues -- Personhood and archaeological theory -- Funerary and field archaeology -- Biology and bioarchaeology.
Abstract:
Evidence from Bronze Age and Early Iron Age Italy -- Discussion and conclusion -- References -- 4 Defining childhood and youth: A regional approach to Archaic and Classical Greece: the case of Athens and Sparta -- The presentation of male childhood and youth at Sparta and Athens in the ancient literary sources -- The presentation of female childhood and youth at Sparta and Athens in the ancient literary sources -- The presentation of female childhood and youth in Spartan and Athenian iconography -- The presentation of male childhood and youth in Spartan and Athenian material culture -- Conclusions -- References -- 5 The child in Etruscan Italy -- Before the art of writing: a boy warrior of the "Villanovan" culture (c. 900-720 BC) -- The wide world of the orientalizing period and an angry girl (c. 720-575 BC) -- Becoming visible: children of the masters of central Italy (c. 575-475 BC) -- Set-back for the Etruscans and closer family unity (c. 475-300 BC) -- The last three centuries BC: loss of political power and renewed family values -- The Augustan age in northern Etruria: a renaissance for Etruscan children -- Children in their family context -- In conclusion: children and continuity -- References -- 6 Children and the Hellenistic period -- First problem: gaps in the literary sources -- Second problem: are there differences between classical and Hellenistic authors and artists? -- Third problem: Hellenistic attitudes towards children are evident earlier -- Fourth problem: developments affected only part of the Hellenistic world -- Fifth problem: broad generalisations -- The exposure of newborns -- Adoption -- Athletic competition -- Education -- Conclusions -- References -- 7 Roman childhood revisited -- In search of Roman childhood -- Infantia -- Shaping and bonding -- Amulets and transitions -- The constraints of pueritia.
Abstract:
The memory of children and familial identity -- Children's imagines -- Remembering children -- Conclusion -- References -- 8 From birth to rebirth: Perceptions of childhood in Greco-Roman Egypt -- Introduction -- From conception to birth -- Conceiving a child -- Protecting the infant -- Lived experiences of children -- A child's first birthday -- Education and child-parent relationships -- Child apprenticeships and household interactions -- Gendered initiation rites -- The death of a child -- Child mummies and family burials -- Child portraits and apotropaic imagery -- Adolescent funerary shrouds and social commemoration -- Conclusion -- References -- 9 Looking for children in Late Antiquity -- Where and how to find the child in Late Antiquity -- Children and childhood in theory -- Children in life -- Children in sickness and in death -- Conclusion -- References -- 10 From village to monastery: Finding children in the Coptic record from Egypt -- Coptic in a multicultural and multilingual land -- The textual evidence -- Identifying children -- Family sizes and orphanhood -- The first years -- The lived experience -- In villages -- In monasteries -- Death -- Conclusion -- References -- Part II Daily life -- 11 The child's experience of daily life in ancient Egypt -- Coming into Egyptian society: birth and nurture -- Birth -- Nurture -- Play and education -- The role of education in socialisation and enculturation -- The importance of gender and social class in daily life -- Conclusions -- References -- 12 Changing states: Daily life of children in Mycenaean and Early Iron Age Greece -- Nurturing the young: a view to attitudes -- Gendering the young -- Children in rituals -- Work, education, and training -- Regional variation -- Conclusion -- References -- 13 Children in early Rome and Latium -- Birth, death and infant exposure -- Nurture.
Abstract:
Dress as an indicator of age and gender -- Play -- Everyday tasks -- Education -- Conclusions -- References -- 14 Being a child in Archaic and Classical Greece -- Demographic imperatives -- Economic constraints -- Vulnerability to accident, illness and physical abuse -- Relationship between parents and children -- Caregivers -- Play -- Education -- Socialisation -- Sexual awakening -- Conclusions -- References -- 15 The daily life of Etruscan babies and children -- Births and babies -- Raising the child -- Nursing and kourotrophoi -- Images and life of toddlers and children -- Adolescents -- Conclusion -- References -- 16 Being a child in the Hellenistic world: A subject out of proportion? -- Introduction: some thoughts on Hellenism, continuity and change -- Asia Minor in the Seleucid empire -- Macedonia and Greece -- Ptolemaic Egypt -- Central Asia: the Seleucid and the Parthian empire, Bactria and Indian kingdoms -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 17 Different lives: Children's daily experiences in the Roman world -- Life in the domestic sphere -- School, work, and play -- Social and religious rituals -- Conclusions -- References -- 18 Children as instruments of policy in Hadrian's Egypt -- Note -- References -- 19 Daily life of children in Late Antiquity: Play, work and vulnerability -- Introduction -- Birth, religion and early life -- Education and household relationships -- Work and play -- Conclusion -- References -- Part III Religion and ritual -- 20 "Child in the nest": Children in Pharaonic Egyptian religion and rituals -- The child as subject -- The child as agent -- The child as otherworldly being -- The child as religious player -- Conclusions -- References -- 21 Children and Aegean Bronze Age Religion -- Infants and toddlers in Aegean Bronze Age religion -- The Cyclades -- Minoan Crete -- Mycenaean Greece.
Abstract:
Children and adolescents in Aegean Bronze Age religion -- Mycenaean Greece -- Mycenae -- Tiryns -- The Mycenae gold ring -- Akrotiri, Thera -- The crocus-gatherers and the goddess of building Xeste 3, Akrotiri, Thera -- Religious activity in front of tree-shrines -- Offering fish and incense in the West House at Akrotiri -- Minoan Crete -- Girls in religious contexts -- Boys in religious contexts -- The Palaikastro Kouros -- The sacrificial killing of children and adolescents in Minoan Crete -- Conclusion -- References -- 22 Initiating children into Italian Bronze and Early Iron Age ritual, religion and cosmology -- Introduction -- Burial outside cemeteries -- Children in caves -- Domesticating the dead -- Gender set in stone -- Iconic places -- Standing tall -- Small things -- Figurines -- Miniature worlds -- Role play -- Conclusion -- References -- 23 Children in Archaic and Classical Greek religion: Active and passive ritual agency -- Introduction -- 'Sweet voices of the child honouring the gods': choruses of parthenoi and paides -- Pais amphithales: 'good looking and blooming on both sides' -- Athenian parthenoi in cult -- Athenian and Spartan boys and youths in cult -- The Apatouria: boys become men -- Boy and girl priests -- Boys and youths at sacrifices: the splagkhnoptes (entrail cooker) -- Children and Asklepios -- Children and Artemis -- Boys and girls at the Olympic festival -- Marriage: girls become women -- Conclusion -- References -- 24 Children in Etruscan religion and ritual -- Epigraphic and linguistic evidence -- Special funerary evidence: rituals for children -- Children in religious cults: literary evidence -- The evidence of votives -- Iconographic evidence -- Sacrifice and divination -- Divine protection -- Cults with special reference to the young? -- Conclusions -- References -- 25 Children's roles in Hellenistic religion.
Abstract:
Passive roles for children: children as spectators and participants.
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