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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (23)
  • HU Berlin
  • Ethnoguide
  • 1995-1999  (23)
  • 1997  (23)
  • Washington, D.C : The World Bank
Datasource
  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (23)
  • HU Berlin
  • Ethnoguide
Material
Language
Years
  • 1995-1999  (23)
Year
Author, Corporation
Publisher
Keywords
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The World Bank Group and the Environment 1996 : Environment Matters at the World Bank (1997)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0821335790 , 9780821335796
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (131 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This publication contains the annual review for fiscal 1996 (July 1995-June 1996) and a 10-year accounting of the project portfolio in a project matrix (Appendix). The annual review portion of the publication is divided into four sections:an overview, a series of regional review, a set of reviews on a spectrum of environmental and social issues, and a brief scan of relevant publications. The environmental and social issues discussed include:biodiversity conservation; fostering global warming solutions through energy efficiency, demand side management and renewable technologies; linking physical environmental effects to economic impacts; legal aspects of environmental management; building strategic alliance to avoid duplicating efforts in environmental work; Bank's work on pollution management and technology policy; engaging private sector into environmental investments; enhancing participatory approaches in decisionmaking; and freshwater, coastal and marine resource management. In addition, a new column called Reflection sets the context for the Bank's work in the larger global agenda drawn up in Rio's Agenda 21 in 1992
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Reforming agriculture : The World Bank goes to market (1997)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0821339095 , 9780821339091
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (180 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: This report evaluates the World Bank's experience with the fifty agricultural adjustment operations (agsecals) approved by the Board since 1979 and reflects the impact of Bank programming of a world wide shift in the development paradigm. The report looks at theory and impact, focusing on supply response, and finds that supply response is symmetrical, synergistic, and depends on the reform credibility. The report finds unfinished business in the areas of:food security, performance indicators, international input markets, domestic agricultural commodity and import markets, and the political economy of agricultural reforms. Nevertheless, best practice work in the Bank on a number of basic agricultural reforms (pricing reforms, reform of public enterprises and public expenditure programs) is satisfactory. The report gives several recommendations:a) the Bank should develop a comprehensive good practice statement; b) modification of the agsecal as a lending instrument is needed; and c) other kinds of lending should be encouraged including hybrid agsecals, policy-oriented agricultural sector investment operations and investment projects with front-loading of policy reforms related to the proposed investments
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics 1996 (1997)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0821337866 , 9780821337868
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (364 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: These articles, initially presented at the Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics, held April 25-26, 1996, address four themes:banking failures as crises or opportunities for reform; reducing poverty through targeted programs and rural finance; legal systems and economic development; and labor and environmental standards in international trade. Although covering varied topics, the articles share two overarching themes:the shifting role for government in economic development, and the central role for government policy in each area as critical to development. The articles also focus on the role of institutions, the importance of political and economic competition, and the role of law and political organization. Several articles stress the vital role of institutions and related incentives in finance. These articles and the keynote address discuss the role of government as an institution, the balance between introducing competition within government and devolving government activities to the market, and the balance between deregulation and correction of market failures and the creation of markets. The authors note that political competition in bureaucracies may be an effective surrogate for market competition. Also discussed is the growing recognition that as income rises, so does demand for labor and environmental standards. Another article shows that linking environmental standards to trade will not achieve the goals sought by the standards and could disrupt trade. Multilateral organizations may have an important advocacy role in ensuring fair play in administering standards. The discussion on the role and the rule of law emphasizes the links between demand for law and the legal and political systems. Legal systems must be country or context specific:there is no unique, optimal combination of contract designs and enforcement mechanisms because culture plays an important role in the interaction of social, political, and economic forces
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Address to the International Labour Conference, June 13, 1997 (1997)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: James D. Wolfensohn, President of the World Bank Group, discusses the relationship, which has been going on for years between the Bank and the International Labour Organization (ILO), has indeed been deepened and strengthened. The Bank has established some work programs, including joint studies on reform of vocational education and training systems, on the labor-market impact of export processing zones, and joint workshops for trade unionists on labor and development issues. Wolfensohn reviewed the differing role of the Bank compared to the ILO. The Bank is focusing direct and specific attention on poverty alleviation within a sustainable environment. He discussed other partners in development: other multilateral institutions, the private sector, civil society, and governments. The aims of the Bank and the ILO are linked to giving individuals a chance for freedom and economic opportunity with a sense of justice and fairness
    DOI: 10.1596/26153
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Address to the Closing Plenary Session of the Microcredit Summit (1997)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: James D. Wolfensohn, President of the World Bank, noted that the Bank endorsed the effort to bring about microcredit to 100 million families. Microcredit is a very important answer to poverty. Helping the world's poor has to be a partnership between people who are linked by various things including economic opportunity and trade. A far more real reason for committing to this goal is social justice. In the next 30 years we will be one world of the same sort of people. It is the strength and dignity of the people that we are working with. The human spirit is the same: a desire for a better life, a desire for opportunity, not a desire for charity, a desire to grow, a desire to feel something in oneself, a desire to create something in the family. Central to this is the role of women, and central in responsibility is the role of education of children, particularly girl children, because it is through them that all families, be they from rich countries or poor countries, emerge. Let us work together as partners in trying to reach the 100 million goal, and in trying to leave the world a more peaceful and safer place for children
    DOI: 10.1596/26014
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Address to the Bankers' Club, London (1997)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: James D. Wolfensohn, President of the World Bank, made points on topics that link banking to the developing world: scourge of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), which has 16 million people suffering from that disease; crime; war; migration, because migration comes from countries that do not have economic opportunity; and trade. It is crucial that the bankers in the city, as the home of international banking and the largest center of international banking, recognize that there is something more than the profit motive. As far as development is concerned, it's no longer an issue of having government to government assistance
    DOI: 10.1596/26013
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Poverty reduction and the World Bank : Progress and challenges in the 1990s (1997)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0821332937 , 9780821332931
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (142 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Reducing poverty in developing countries is one of the most persistent challenge facing the world today. The governments and civil societies of developing countries are in the forefront of the battle to reduce poverty. Institutions such as the World Bank are working to improve their efforts to help governments. The Bank works with governments in supporting poverty reduction objectives in a wide variety of ways, including by providing information, analysis and financial assistance, and by liaising with other donors. This report examines how far developing countries have come towards meeting the challenge of reducing poverty since 1990 and how the Bank's support for their efforts has evolved. The report concludes that some progress has been made in reducing poverty in the developing world since the late 1980s, although there have been important regional variations in both outcomes and circumstances. It confirms the crucial importance of growth for reducing poverty. The report also finds that the Bank has made good progress in implementing its poverty reduction strategy, but the challenge remains substantial. The report is organized as follows. Chapter 1 examines worldwide trends in poverty and welfare indicators from the late 1980s to the mid-1990s and assesses the extent to which poverty has fallen. Chapter 2 outlines how the Bank has been supporting government efforts to reduce poverty at the country level since 1990 and reports on progress made by the Bank in fiscal 1995. Chapter 3 uses the latest household survey data and other sources of information to explore the impact that various key factors (growth, adjustment reforms, public expenditures, and projects) have had on reducing poverty. Finally, chapter 4 discusses important lessons learned about reducing poverty and highlights several areas that need to be emphasized in the future
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Greening of Economic Policy Reform Volume II : Case Studies (1997)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0821337971 , 9780821337974
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (234 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This report, in two volumes, addresses environmental impacts stemming from economy-wide policy reforms, and seeks to clarify the nature of the economic, physical, institutional, and cultural aspects of their relationship. Volume 1 summarizes the case studies and synthesizes their key principles. Volume 2 explores the case studies in full length. They reflect a wide range of country situations and environmental problems. Pollution issues are addressed, such as air quality and energy use in Poland and Sri Lanka, while a variety of natural resource-related issues are covered in the other studies:deforestation and land degradation in Costa Rica; migration and deforestation in the Philippines; agricultural land degradation due to overgrazing in Tunisia, fertility losses due to extension of cultivation areas in Ghana; water resource depletion in Morocco; and wildlife management in Zimbabwe. The case studies also use a variety of analytical methods to illustrate the different approaches to identifying the environmental implications of economy-wide reforms. These methods range from tracing the links between economic incentives and resource use through direct observation, to relying on more complex economic modeling of policies and their environmental effects. In all the studies, however, the analytical approach uniformly requires identifying key environmental concerns and relating them to the agenda of priority sectoral and macroeconomic reforms
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Global economic prospects and the developing countries 1997 (1997)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0821337947 , 9780821337943
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (120 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Global Economic Prospects
    Abstract: This 1997 report projects an increase in the growth rate of global input. The improvement is likely to be especially notable for Sub-Saharan Africa, which grew at around 4 percent in 1995 and 1996, and for the developing countries of Europe and Central Asia. Although the East Asian countries will have difficulty maintaining the extremely rapid pace of growth that they have enjoyed in the past decade, they are likely to continue to grow strongly. This year's report focuses on the implications of three important changes in the world economy for developing countries:1) Five large developing and transition economies-China, India, Indonesia, Brazil and Russia-are likely to emerge as key players in the world economy over the next quarter century. This will not only create new opportunities for trade and investment, but will also require significant adjustments in international patterns of specialization for both industrial and developing countries. 2) The expansion of global production networks by multinational enterprises opens new avenues for acquiring international know-how and participating in the gains from international trade. 3) Globalization is also posing broad and more complex policy challenges for governments, especially the proper handling of the costs of adjustment associated with trade liberalization. The report also contains global economic indicators, technical notes, and classification of economies
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fiscal Management in Adjustment Lending (1997)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0821339656 , 9780821339657
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (190 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: This study analyzes the World Bank's experience with fiscal management in 250 adjustment operations in 86 countries. It examines the fiscal records in a sample of 26 countries grouped by region, portfolio characteristics, and economic traits. The study confirms that fiscal deficit reduction is associated with improved external balances and economic growth and that it takes sustained, long-term effort, and continual vigilance against reversals. Fiscal mismanagement, not exogenous shocks, was the principal cause of persistent budget deficits. The study offers the following recommendations for the Bank and its borrowers:1) Estimate the level of the sustainable deficit and provide guidelines for achieving it in Bank economic and sector work and adjustment lending. 2) Improve sequencing of tax reform. 3) Consider explicitly the role of the state and the appropriate mix of public/private provision of services in recommending public expenditure reform. 4) Include poverty alleviation and equity objectives in public expenditure reform. 5) Build adequate monitoring and performance indicators for both tax and expenditure reforms. 6) Enhance Bank-Fund coordination, in support of the Fund's lead role in giving fiscal advice, by strengthening the Bank's ability to analyze taxes and expenditures
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Attracting Capital to Africa (1997)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: James D. Wolfensohn, President of the World Bank Group, stated unequivocal financial commitment to and belief in Africa's future. Africa is not without its problems. He noted that 200 million people live in poverty, earning under a dollar a day. The Bank is investing at the rate of nearly
    DOI: 10.1596/26152
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Challenge of Inclusion (1997)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This is the address to the Board of Governors, delivered by Mr. James D. Wolfensohn, President of the World Bank, in Hong Kong, China, on September 23, 1997. This year's core theme is the challenge of inclusion, bringing people into society who have never been part of it before, the main reason why the World Bank Group exists. On reviewing the state of development circa 1997: despite improved social indicators, the rapid rise in life expectancy levels, and freedom ascending, much still needs to be improved. In East Asia, inequities between rural, and urban areas, and between the skilled, and unskilled are becoming more widespread; in the countries of the former Soviet Union, the old, and unemployed are more vulnerable amidst the turbulence caused by the transition to market economies; in parts of Latin America, unequal access to education, and health care, and disparities in income hinder progress; and, in many of the poorest countries, population growth continues to run ahead of economic growth. Considering the challenge ahead, the message for countries is to educate "your" people; ensure their health; give them voice, and justice; strong financial systems; and, sound economic policies, recognizing the link between good economic performance, and open governance, to build the broad social consensus. The effectiveness of the development community lies in building inclusive partnerships, between the governments, and the people, involving bilateral, and multilateral assistance, as well as nongovernmental organizations, and the private sector, based on good policy environments, with a look at renewing strategies. The Bank's responsiveness to this challenge has been that of commitment to the quality of work; increased accountability to measure performance; and, improved dialogue with governments. Key strategic points of change are to mainstream social issues, increase capacity building, forge sustainable development in agriculture; promote private sector participation, and strengthen financial systems
    DOI: 10.1596/26154
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    World Development Report 1997 : The State in a Changing World (1997)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0195211146 , 9780195211146
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (269 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: World Development Report
    Abstract: This is the twentieth in the annual series assessing major development issues. The report is devoted to the role and effectiveness of the state:what it should do, how it should do it, and how it can improve in a rapidly changing world. Governments with both centrally-planned and mixed economies are shrinking their market role because of failed state interventions. This report takes an opposite stance:that state's role in the institutional environment underlying the economy, that is, its ability to enforce a rule of law to underpin transactions, is vital to making government contribute more effectively to development. It argues against reducing government to a minimalist state, explaining that development requires an effective state that plays a facilitator role in encouraging and complementing the activities of private businesses and individuals. The report presents a state reform framework strategy:First, focus the state's activities to match its capabilities; and second, look for ways to improve the state's capability by re-invigorating public institutions. Successful and unsuccessful examples of states and state reform provide illustrations
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Household responses to poverty and vulnerability. Vol. 3, Confronting crisis in Commonwealth, metro Manila, Philippines (1997)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0821338498 , 9780821338490
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (136 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This study explored how poor households respond to changes in economic circumstances and labor market conditions, i.e. how the impact has been felt on the ground." It looked at how poor households adjust to a deteriorating situation, what strategies they adopt to limit the impact of shocks and generate additional resources, and what constraints impede their actions. This case study presents the main findings from the community of Commonwealth in Metro Manila (Philippines); other volumes focus on Chawama, in Lusaka, Zambia; Cisne Dos, in Guayaquil, Ecuador; and Angyalfold, in Budapest, Hungary. The results show that the four communities cope in remarkably similar (and dissimilar) ways. Three features distinguish this study from other poverty studies:a micro-level approach combining households and communities as the main units of analysis, an unusually long period of observation for some communities and households, and a comparative framework offering four cases with very different economic levels and institutional contexts. The study used income measures, recognizing its multifaceted nature, as well as socio-psychological factors, incorporated in the concept of "vulnerability," the insecurity of the well-being of individuals, households, or communities in the face of a changing environment. Analyzing this concept involves identifying not only the threat, but also the "resilience" in exploiting opportunities and in resisting or recovering from the negative effects of the changing environment. As in the other research communities, the labor market was a major source of vulnerability in Commonwealth. Households responded to declining income by mobilizing the labor of additional household members. Access to both labor and human capital was central to households' capacity to endure economic change without irreversibly damaging their asset base. However resourceful and innovative individuals, households, and communities have been, these mechanisms have often been insufficient to offset the erosion of their asset base
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Accountants and Society : Serving the Public Interest (1997)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: James D. Wolfensohn, President of the World Bank Group, discussed how accountants can best serve the public interest. Over the last 15 years, the Bank have seen freedom blossom and with it an expanded role for civil society. Today five billion people live in a market system - up from 1 billion a decade ago. Lack of institutional capacity, poor governance, and public sector management remain major impediments to growth and development. The Bank is holding anti-corruption seminars and workshops for parliamentarians and journalists; making sure that our own processes meet the highest standards of transparency and propriety; and pushing ahead with deregulation, institutional, and policy reform. The Bank can and is working to improve accounting and auditing capacity building, in Ghana, Zambia, China, Pakistan, and Indonesia among others
    DOI: 10.1596/26155
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Household responses to poverty and vulnerability. Vol. 2, Confronting crisis in Angyalfold, Budapest, Hungary (1997)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 082133848X , 9780821338483
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (118 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This research paper describes the main results from the community of Angyalfold, in Budapest, Hungary. The research is concerned with the strategies adopted by the urban poor to reduce vulnerability and prevent impoverishment during periods of economic stress. This type of study assists policymakers in designing effective locally based solutions that ensure the poor are themselves active agents of growth, rather than passive recipients of compensatory measures. Three features distinguish this study from other poverty studies:a micro-level approach combining households and communities as the main units of analysis, an unusually long period of observation for some communities and households, and a comparative framework offering fours cases with very different economic development levels and institutional contexts. The study concludes with some priority recommendations for action:1) support households in their role as safety net; 2) alleviate constraints on women's labor supply; 3) ensure that social capital is not taken for granted; 4) develop social policy that integrates human capital and social capital; 5) pursue further research; and 6) develop tools and indicators to strengthen the assets of the poor
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    1995 evaluation results. Vols. 1 & 2 (1997)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0821338986 , 9780821338988
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (118 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The Operations Evaluation Department's 22nd Annual Review reports on the results of 264 completed lending operations evaluated in 1995, representing disbursements of about
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  • 18
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    Governance and regulation of power pools and system operators : An international comparison (1997)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0821340417 , 9780821340417
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (100 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: World Bank Technical Papers
    Abstract: This paper compares and contrasts the governance and regulation of power pools in England and Wales, Victoria (Australia), Alberta (Canada), and Scandinavia (Norway and Sweden). Governance is the process by which decisions get made, implemented and enforced--it is internal to the pools. In contrast, regulation is how governments review and change the decisions of pools--it is external to the pools. The pools are organized markets for trading in electricity commodities and services. These "new style" power pools are created to maximize competition in generation, to compete on price, and to open to all market participants. Section I describes four basic models of power pool governance and the implementation issues associated with each model. Section II gives an overview of the similarities and differences among the four pools and how they affect governance. Section III examines how each pool has dealt with a number of basic governance decision. Section IV looks at how the pools monitor the markets that they have created. Section V describes different ways in which regulators and other government institutions control pools and how this control is exercised. Section VI presents some conclusions and observations
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  • 19
    Online Resource
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    Foreign direct investment (1997)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0821340506 , 9780821340509
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (128 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Keywords: Debt Markets ; Emerging Markets ; Environment ; Environmental Economics and Policies ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Foreign Direct Investment ; International Economics & Trade ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Debt Markets ; Emerging Markets ; Environment ; Environmental Economics and Policies ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Foreign Direct Investment ; International Economics & Trade ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development
    Abstract: The report reviews lessons from the International Finance Corporation's (IFC) investment, and advisory experience in the developing world, which show the interactions between policy frameworks, and the volume and structure of foreign direct investments (FDI). Case studies show how the Corporation promotes successful project structures, and regulatory changes, as it tries to attain the strongest development impact for investments. In developing countries, FDI has flowed mainly into manufacturing, and processing industries. In the past, investment attractiveness had been closely linked to possession of natural resources, or a large domestic market, while production and trade globalization, competitiveness as a location for investment, and exporting, have become the main determinants of attractiveness. Sources of FDI in the past, came almost exclusively from industrial countries, though recently those sources have widened, emerging from developing countries in their own right, and for their own regions. IFC, as an international initiative to promote FDI in developing countries, is liable to promote bilateral trade agreements, bilateral and multilateral financial institutions, and investment promotion programs; its advisory role may vary from diagnostic studies overviewing constraints to FDI, to investment policy studies giving specific solutions on either changes, or strategies. The study further looks at how policy environment is set, and at finding investor opportunities, through project financing, largely structured as joint ventures. The inherent, fragile nature of joint ventures, restricts foreign ownership, thus limiting project structures; however, careful project design has lead to successful operations, by ensuring management, and financial arrangements. Still, to maximize benefits, an unfinished agenda of policy reform remains, and, as more countries open to FDI, this integration will lead to an overall increase in FDI flows
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  • 20
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    Financial market fragmentation and reforms in Sub-Saharan Africa (1997)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0821338617
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xii, 50 p) , ill , 28 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Africa Region series
    Series Statement: World Bank technical paper no.356
    DDC: 332/.0967/28
    Keywords: Finance Case studies ; Structural adjustment (Economic policy) Case studies ; Finance Case studies ; Structural adjustment (Economic policy) Case studies
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 45-50)
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  • 21
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    Household responses to poverty and vulnerability. Vol. 1, confronting crisis in Cisne Dos, Guayaquil, Ecuador (1997)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0821338471 , 9780821338476
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (160 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Keywords: Access to Finance ; Communities & Human Settlements ; Environment ; Environmental Economics and Policies ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Housing and Human Habitats ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Access to Finance ; Communities & Human Settlements ; Environment ; Environmental Economics and Policies ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Housing and Human Habitats ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction
    Abstract: This case study presents the main findings from the community of Cisne Dos, in Guayaquil, Ecuador. The study explored how poor households respond to changes in economic circumstances and labor market conditions, what strategies they adopt to limit the impact of shocks and generate additional resources, and what constraints impede their actions. Three features distinguish this study from other poverty studies:a micro-level approach combining households and communities as the main units of analysis, an unusually long period of observation for some communities and households, and a comparative framework offering fours cases with very different economic development levels and institutional contexts. The study concludes with some priority recommendations for action:1) support households in their role as safety net; 2) alleviate constraints on women's labor supply; 3) ensure that social capital is not taken for granted; 4) develop social policy that integrates human capital and social capital; 5) pursue further research; and 6) develop tools and indicators to strengthen the assets of the poor
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 22
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    Rural well-being : From vision to action (1997)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0821339877 , 9780821339879
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (434 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The Fourth Annual World Bank Conference on Environmentally Sustainable Development was convened in September 1996, with the aim to pursue four key goals:1) poverty reduction; 2) widely shared growth; 3) household, national, and global food security; and 4) sustainable natural resource management. This volume contains the presentations of all the plenary speakers as they are delivered or from written texts. In addition, it contains a summary of each of the thematic and regional roundtables as well as summaries of many of the associated and concurrent events. The volume also reprints the background papers submitted by those who participated in the roundtables. Full text statements from the associated event on Ethics, Values, Spiritually, and Rural Well-Being are also included
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 23
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    Livable Cities for the 21st Century : The Post Habitat II Agenda for the World Bank (1997)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Habitat II, the second United Nations conference on human settlements, also known as the "City Summit," concluded its work on June 14, 1996, in Istanbul. Habitat II indelibly marked the increasingly urban nature of the world and the urgency, extent, and increasing size of problems facing people in cities, especially the poor. The conference developed consensus around the need to achieve sustainable development in urban areas, with special emphasis on the provision of basic services and shelter for the poor. The summit underscored the role of partnerships. Mr. Wolfensohn noted that partnerships are one of the key thrusts of all the work at the World Bank. The Bank has a long history with the urban sector. Looking to the future, the Bank identified three key priorities for action to make cities livable today: bringing basic services to the poor; a healthier urban environment; and finance for people in cities. The Bank made important commitments at Istanbul to increase its support to urban development, particularly through people-centered approaches
    DOI: 10.1596/26015
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