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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (28,962)
  • Regensburg UB  (8)
  • HeBIS  (4)
  • DNB
  • Ethn. Museum Berlin
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (20,426)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing.  (8,544)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    How was life? (2021-)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1787/3d96efc5-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report : inclusive framework on BEPS: action 14 (2021-)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Show associated volumes/articles
    Details
    Language: English
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 base erosion and profit shifting project
    Keywords: Steuerpolitik ; Konfliktregelung ; Welt ; OECD-Staaten ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    URL: kostenfrei
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    L’insécurité économique en Europe et ses remèdes possibles (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (11 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Les synthèses de l’OCDE sur le bien-être, l’inclusion et l’égalité des chances no.14
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Economic insecurity in Europe and potential policy responses
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Avec les mutations économiques et technologiques enregistrées au cours des dernières décennies, les perspectives économiques individuelles sont aujourd’hui plus incertaines qu’autrefois. La présente synthèse résume les principales conclusions du rapport Un équilibre précaire ? Instabilité des revenus et insécurité économique en Europe, le premier produit par l’Observatoire de l’OCDE sur la mobilité sociale et l’égalité des chances. Ses auteurs ont fait appel à des techniques innovantes pour identifier les catégories de population en situation d’insécurité économique dans les pays européens de l’OCDE – autrement dit celles qui sont les plus exposées et les plus vulnérables à l’instabilité des revenus – et pour déterminer comment l’évolution des revenus et l’insécurité économique influencent les conditions de vie des individus, la mobilité sociale et les inégalités. Il passe également en revue une série de mesures propres à rendre la protection sociale plus réactive afin d’améliorer le soutien apporté à ceux dont les revenus sont instables et étudient des solutions qui permettraient d’aider ceux que l’insécurité économique guette plus particulièrement à constituer des réserves financières.
    DOI: 10.1787/cb92663d-fr
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Global Minimum Tax and the taxation of MNE profit (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (86 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Taxation Working Papers no.68
    Keywords: Unternehmensbesteuerung ; Multinationales Unternehmen ; Globale Mindeststeuer ; Welt ; Taxation
    Abstract: The paper assesses the impact of the global minimum tax (GMT) on the taxation of multinational enterprises (MNEs), based on a comprehensive dataset capturing the global activities of large MNEs. It has four key findings. First, the GMT substantially reduces the incentives to shift profits. Second, the GMT is estimated to very substantially reduce low-taxed profit worldwide through lower profit shifting and top-up taxation. Third, the GMT is estimated to increase CIT revenues. Finally, the GMT is estimated to reduce tax rate differentials across jurisdictions with potential impacts on the allocation of investment and MNE activity.
    DOI: 10.1787/9a815d6b-en
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Repenser l'évaluation de la performance des systèmes de santé : Un cadre renouvelé (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264793422 , 9789264940079 , 9789264402904
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (70 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Études de l'OCDE sur les politiques de santé
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Rethinking Health System Performance Assessment: A Renewed Framework
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Les systèmes de santé sont soumis à de fortes pressions pour s'adapter à l'évolution des besoins ainsi qu’aux grandes tendances induites par le vieillissement de la population, la transition numérique et le changement climatique. Ils doivent également être mieux préparés à répondre aux chocs soudains et de grande ampleur tels que ceux générés par les pandémies, les crises financières, les catastrophes naturelles ou les cyberattaques. Cette évolution du contexte politique et ces défis nouveaux appellent à revoir la manière dont les pays de l'OCDE évaluent la performance des systèmes de santé afin de leur permettre de répondre aux besoins et aux préférences des citoyens en matière de santé, tout en fournissant des soins de qualité pour tous. Ce document présente le nouveau cadre d'évaluation de la performance des systèmes de santé de l'OCDE. Il intègre de nouvelles dimensions de la performance, notamment la question des soins centrés sur la personne, la résilience et le développement durable, et met davantage l'accent sur la lutte contre les inégalités, y compris celles liées au genre. Ce cadre s'appuie sur les efforts déjà déployés par l'OCDE dans ces domaines et intègre les avancées les plus récentes en matière d'évaluation de la performance des systèmes de santé. En proposant des définitions communes et en favorisant une compréhension partagée entre décideurs, parties prenantes et organisations, le cadre renouvelé facilitera la collaboration internationale. En outre, il permettra l'élaboration de futurs indicateurs, facilitera la collecte de données, l'analyse des politiques et l'intégration des savoirs.
    DOI: 10.1787/04e8cdb9-fr
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Review of G7 Government-led Voluntary and Mandatory Due Diligence Measures for Sustainable Agri-food Supply Chains (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264967441 , 9789264912816 , 9789264946699
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (59 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Agroindustrie ; Ernährungsindustrie ; Due Diligence ; Lieferkette ; Corporate Social Responsibility ; G7-Staaten ; Welt ; Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: This report aims to provide G7 agricultural policy makers with insights to better understand the design, objectives and mechanisms of national and regional, voluntary and mandatory due diligence-related measures. The report creates a fact-based selective inventory for policy makers to identify common elements across the measures with a view to strengthening, where possible, coherence of G7 policy responses to promote responsible business conduct in agricultural supply chains. The inventory also aims to help companies understand different national and regional standards by highlighting synergies and, where applicable discrepancies, to enable and support effective implementation.
    DOI: 10.1787/f05af4a1-en
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Rethinking Health System Performance Assessment : A Renewed Framework (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264944329 , 9789264653399 , 9789264507401
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (60 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Repenser l'évaluation de la performance des systèmes de santé : Un cadre renouvelé
    Keywords: Gesundheitswesen ; Performance-Messung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Health systems are under intense pressure to adapt to evolving needs and megatrends driven by population ageing, digitalisation, and climate change. They also need to be better prepared to withstand sudden, large-scale shocks such as pandemics, financial crises, natural disasters, or cyberattacks. This shifting policy context and emerging challenges called for a revision in how OECD countries assess health system performance, to help ensure that health systems meet people’s health needs and preferences while providing quality healthcare for all. This document presents the OECD’s renewed health system performance assessment framework. It incorporates new performance dimensions, notably people-centredness, resilience, and environmental sustainability, and places increased emphasis on addressing inequalities, including those related to gender. This framework expands on existing OECD efforts in these domains and integrates the most recent advancements in health system performance assessment. By offering common definitions and fostering a shared understanding among policy makers, stakeholders and organisations, the updated framework will enhance international collaboration. Furthermore, it lays the foundation for developing future indicators, facilitating data collection, policy analysis, and the integration of knowledge.
    DOI: 10.1787/107182c8-en
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    PaRIS Field Trial Report (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (86 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.166
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: As populations age and the number of people with chronic conditions increases, countries need to assess how their health systems perform with regard to the management of chronic conditions. OECD's Patient-Reported Indicator Surveys (PaRIS) initiative aims to measure outcomes and experiences of healthcare as reported by patients with chronic conditions as part of the efforts to improve quality of care. The PaRIS survey, an international survey of people living with chronic conditions who are managed in primary care, is implemented in twenty countries. Following a rigorous design and development phase, the PaRIS survey was field-tested in participating countries. This paper reports on the implementation and the results of the Field Trial. The Field Trial provided important lessons which have been used to improve the survey tools and the implementation of the Main Survey.
    DOI: 10.1787/e5725c75-en
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Appréhender les dynamiques locales des conflits en Afrique du Nord et de l’Ouest (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (33 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Notes ouest-africaines no.42
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Identifying local conflict trends in North and West Africa
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development
    Abstract: Depuis le début des années 2010, plusieurs États d’Afrique de l’Ouest sont confrontés à des épisodes majeurs de violence politique, devenant le théâtre de guerres civiles, de terrorismes à motivation religieuse, d’insurrections séparatistes, de coups d’État militaires et de conflits communautaires présentant des dimensions locale, nationale ou transnationale. Pour accompagner la construction des politiques, face à ces défis, le Club du Sahel et de l’Afrique de l’Ouest (CSAO) de l’OCDE a développé un outil spatial et interactif d’aide à la décision en 2019, l’indicateur des dynamiques spatiales des conflits (SCDi). Celui-ci facilite le suivi des violences politiques à l’échelon infranational, en combinant différentes dimensions quantitatives des conflits pour cartographier la situation des lieux étudiés. Dernièrement, deux nouvelles dimensions sont apparues pour mieux repérer les dynamiques locales des conflits. Tout d’abord, les zones qui entrent dans un conflit ou en sortent, sont désormais identifiées permettant de mieux cerner l’expansion ou la contraction des conflits, au sein des frontières nationales et au-delà. Ensuite, il est possible d’évaluer si la situation d’un lieu donné s’aggrave ou s’améliore par rapport à celle antérieure. Le SCDi se décline sur la nouvelle plateforme CARTA (Cartographier les transformations territoriales en Afrique) du CSAO.
    DOI: 10.1787/862ddcbd-fr
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SIGI 2024 Regional Report for Southeast Asia : Time to Care (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264367142 , 9789264582507 , 9789264702875
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Social Institutions and Gender Index
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Brunei Darussalam ; Cambodia ; Indonesia ; Lao People's Democratic Republic ; Malaysia ; Philippines ; Singapore ; Thailand ; Timor-Leste ; Viet Nam
    Abstract: What are the structural barriers to women's empowerment and inclusive development in Southeast Asia? Building on data from the fifth edition of the SIGI, the SIGI 2024 Regional Report for Southeast Asia: Time to Care provides new evidence-based analysis on the progress and setbacks in eliminating the root causes of gender inequality in 11 countries of the region. It underscores how multiple personal status laws perpetuate gender-based legal discrimination. The analysis also shows that social norms governing gender roles and responsibilities worsened between 2014 and 2022, particularly affecting women’s educational and economic rights. The report explores a critical policy area for the region, the care economy. Stressing the gendered, informal, and unpaid dimensions of care, it draws on social, demographic, educational and economic evidence to forecast a growing demand for care services in Southeast Asian countries. The report advocates for the strategic development of formal care systems as a unique opportunity to accelerate women's economic empowerment, build inclusive societies and strengthen the region's resilience to external shocks – including those induced by climate change. To dismantle the barriers that prevent the emergence and expansion of such a formal care economy, it provides concrete recommendations to policy makers and other stakeholders.
    DOI: 10.1787/7fc15e1c-en
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Regional Governance and Public Investment in Wales, United Kingdom : Moving Forward Together (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264838871 , 9789264889934 , 9789264978164
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (99 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Multi-level Governance Studies
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: The Welsh Government is refining its approach to regional development, adopting a regional lens directed to four regions to better allocate resources and address local needs. This OECD Multi-level Governance Study – a follow up to the 2020 OECD report The Future of Regional Development and Public Investment in Wales, United Kingdom – summarises the progress Wales has made to advance this regional lens, and identifies key areas of attention going forward. It synthesises the results of a vision-setting exercise, capacity-building workshops with the national government and regional bodies, and a multi-stakeholder workshop on collaborative working among Welsh regional development actors. This report identifies enablers for the effective use of a regional lens in Wales, including robust regional data, long-term and future-oriented objectives, effective co-ordination across Welsh Government policy areas related to regional development, capacitated regional structures, and trust and collaborative working among levels of government. The report's insights on establishing strategic direction and fostering collaboration among national, regional, and local levels could be valuable for countries exploring ways to optimise regional development policy, including in the face of resource constraints.
    DOI: 10.1787/e143e94d-en
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    National Contact Point for Responsible Business Conduct Peer Reviews: Poland 2024 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (67 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Poland
    Abstract: This document is the peer review report of the National Contact Point (NCP) of Poland. The objectives of NCP peer reviews are to assess that the NCP is functioning and operating in accordance with the core effectiveness criteria set out in the implementation procedures; to identify the NCP’s strengths and possibilities for improvement; to make recommendations for improvement; and to serve as a learning tool for all NCPs involved. The peer review of the NCP of Poland was conducted by a team of reviewers from the NCPs of Bulgaria, Germany, the United States, and Ukraine as observer, along with representatives of the OECD Secretariat.
    DOI: 10.1787/72e8daf0-en
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wytyczne OECD dla przedsiębiorstw wielonarodowych dotyczące odpowiedzialnego prowadzenia działalności biznesowej (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264688414
    Language: Polish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Diretrizes da OCDE para Empresas Multinacionais sobre Conduta Empresarial Responsável
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises on Responsible Business Conduct
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Líneas Directrices de la OCDE para Empresas Multinacionales sobre Conducta Empresarial Responsable
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Çok Uluslu Şirketler için Sorumlu İş Yönetimine ilişkin OECD Rehberi
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 经合组织跨国企业负责任商业行为准则
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Principes directeurs de l’OCDE à l’intention des entreprises multinationales sur la conduite responsable des entreprises
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD-Leitsätze für multinationale Unternehmen zu verantwortungsvollem unternehmerischem Handeln
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OESO-richtlijnen voor multinationale ondernemingen inzake maatschappelijk verantwoord ondernemen
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Wytyczne OECD dla przedsiębiorstw wielonarodowych dotyczące odpowiedzialnego prowadzenia działalności biznesowej to zalecenia kierowane przez rządy do przedsiębiorstw wielonarodowych. Ich celem jest zachęcanie przedsiębiorstw do wnoszenia pozytywnego wkładu w postęp gospodarczy, środowiskowy i społeczny oraz minimalizowania negatywnych skutków w odniesieniu do kwestii objętych Wytycznymi OECD, które mogą być związane z działalnością, produktami i usługami przedsiębiorstwa. Wytyczne OECD obejmują wszystkie kluczowe obszary odpowiedzialności biznesu, w tym prawa człowieka, prawa pracownicze, środowisko, przekupstwo, interesy konsumenta, ujawnianie informacji, naukę i technologię, konkurencję i podatki. Wytyczne OECD, edycja 2023 r. zawiera zaktualizowane zalecenia dotyczące odpowiedzialnego prowadzenia działalności biznesowej w kluczowych obszarach, takich jak zmiana klimatu, różnorodność biologiczna, technologia, uczciwość biznesowa i należyta staranność w łańcuchu dostaw, a także zaktualizowane procedury wdrażania dla Krajowych Punktów Kontaktowych OECD ds. odpowiedzialnego biznesu.
    DOI: 10.1787/9fe6d8dc-pl
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  • 14
    Online Resource
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    The impact of Artificial Intelligence on productivity, distribution and growth : Key mechanisms, initial evidence and policy challenges (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (64 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Artificial Intelligence Papers no.15
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: This paper explores the economics of Artificial Intelligence (AI), focusing on its potential as a new General-Purpose Technology that can significantly influence economic productivity and societal wellbeing. It examines AI's unique capacity for autonomy and self-improvement, which could accelerate innovation and potentially revive sluggish productivity growth across various industries, while also acknowledging the uncertainties surrounding AI's long-term productivity impacts. The paper discusses the concentration of AI development in big tech firms, uneven adoption rates, and broader societal challenges such as inequality, discrimination, and security risks. It calls for a comprehensive policy approach to ensure AI's beneficial development and diffusion, including measures to promote competition, enhance accessibility, and address job displacement and inequality.
    DOI: 10.1787/8d900037-en
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  • 15
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    Identifying local conflict trends in North and West Africa (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: West African Papers no.42
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Appréhender les dynamiques locales des conflits en Afrique du Nord et de l’Ouest
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development
    Abstract: Several states in West Africa have experienced significant episodes of political violence since the early 2010s. These have included civil wars, religiously motivated terrorism, separatist insurgencies, military coups and communal strife, each of which have local, national and transnational dimensions. Intended to help guide responses to the region’s political challenges, the Sahel and West Africa Club (SWAC/OECD) created an interactive, spatial tool for policy makers in 2019, the Spatial Conflict Dynamics indicator (SCDi). The SCDi monitors political violence at subnational scales. It combines different quantitative dimensions of conflict into a mappable tool that describes the circumstances in each location. The latest enhancement to the SCDi brings two new features to aid the identification of local conflict trends. First, the tool now identifies regions that are newly entering into or exiting from conflict. This allows a more detailed picture of how the geography of conflict is spreading or contracting within and across national borders. Second, the tool now characterises the current conditions in a location as either worsening or improving, based on past conditions at the same location. The SCDi is implemented in SWAC’s new Mapping Territorial Transformations in Africa (MAPTA) platform.
    DOI: 10.1787/886d1a06-en
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  • 16
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    Compendium of Good Practices on Quality Infrastructure 2024 : Building Resilience to Natural Disasters (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264848634 , 9789264938731 , 9789264711624
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Katastrophe ; Coping-Strategie ; Klimapolitik ; Infrastrukturpolitik ; Infrastruktur ; Welt ; Kolumbien ; Ghana ; Indien ; Indonesien ; Japan ; Mosambik ; USA ; Development ; Transport ; Colombia ; Ghana ; India ; Indonesia ; Japan ; Mozambique ; United States
    Abstract: In an era defined by the urgent climate crisis, unpredictable weather patterns and increasingly frequent natural disasters, ensuring infrastructure resilience to such events is paramount. This report discusses ways of enhancing government capacities to prevent, react and rebuild, thereby minimising the impact of natural disasters on infrastructure assets and operations. It identifies data, collaboration and technologies as drivers of resilience, and highlights financial resources, technical skills and regulatory frameworks as key enablers. The report presents seven actionable principles to ensure infrastructure resilience, drawing from global good practices and in-depth analyses of infrastructure projects in Colombia, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Japan, Mozambique and the United States.
    DOI: 10.1787/54d26e88-en
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  • 17
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    Towards Greener and More Inclusive Societies in Southeast Asia (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264787384 , 9789264945609 , 9789264976702
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (125 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Beschäftigungseffekt ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Südostasien ; Energy ; Employment ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Development ; Indonesia ; Philippines ; Thailand ; Viet Nam
    Abstract: Over 100 million workers in Southeast Asia have jobs that are directly or closely linked to the environment, making them vulnerable to climate change impacts. These same workers likely earn at least 20% lower than the national average and are largely in informal employment. The region’s necessary transition towards greener growth could affect them in several ways: some sectors will create jobs and others will lose jobs or disappear altogether. Understanding the effects of both climate change and green growth policies on jobs and people is thus essential for making the transition in Southeast Asia an inclusive one. The study explores these issues, with emphasis on the potential effects on labour of an energy transition in Indonesia, and of a transition in the region’s agricultural sector, illustrated by a simulated conversion from conventional to organic rice farming.
    DOI: 10.1787/294ce081-en
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  • 18
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    Global Debt Report 2024 : Bond Markets in a High-Debt Environment (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264866119 , 9789264925915 , 9789264323698
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (150 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Rapport sur la dette mondiale 2024 : Les marchés obligataires dans un contexte de dette élevée
    Keywords: Öffentliche Schulden ; Anleihe ; Öffentliche Anleihe ; Unternehmensanleihe ; Rentenmarkt ; Schulden ; Welt ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The Global Debt Report examines sovereign and corporate debt markets, providing insights into current market conditions and associated policy considerations, including possible financial stability risks. This first edition consolidates the Sovereign Borrowing Outlook, previously a separate OECD publication, and introduces new chapters on corporate bond markets and sustainable bonds. Chapter 1 provides an overview of sovereign borrowing globally and an outlook for OECD countries, with a focus on the impact of recent developments in funding conditions and changes to the investor base. Chapter 2 explores global corporate bond market dynamics, build-up of risks and vulnerabilities and the impact of a changing macrofinancial landscape. Chapter 3 looks at trends in global sustainable bond markets and discusses policy considerations such as the sustainability premium, the roles of service providers and market liquidity.
    DOI: 10.1787/91844ea2-en
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  • 19
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    Challenging Social Inequality Through Career Guidance : Insights from International Data and Practice (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264933613 , 9789264983731 , 9789264980235
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (164 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Soziale Mobilität ; Berufsberatung ; Karriereplanung ; Erwerbsverlauf ; Soziale Ungleichheit ; OECD-Staaten ; Education
    Abstract: This report explores how school-level career guidance systems can more effectively respond to social inequalities. It draws on new analysis of PISA and PIAAC data and builds on the OECD Career Readiness Indicators to review the impact of inequalities related primarily to socio-economic background, gender and migrant status/ethnicity on the character of education-to-work transitions. The data analysis identifies additional barriers facing certain demographic groups in converting human capital into successful employment. It also finds that teenage access to career development is strongly patterned by the demographic characteristics of students. Consequently, the report highlights a range of career guidance interventions that can be expected to mitigate the negative impact of inequalities on student outcomes, enabling fairer access to economic opportunities. The report concludes by reviewing how the innovative new Career Education Framework in New Brunswick (Canada) systematically addresses inequalities within K-12 provision.
    DOI: 10.1787/619667e2-en
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    Social and Emotional Skills for Better Lives : Findings from the OECD Survey on Social and Emotional Skills 2023 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264457744 , 9789264848511 , 9789264694019
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (158 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Soziale Kompetenz ; Emotion ; Lebensqualität ; OECD-Staaten ; Education
    Abstract: Social and Emotional Skills for Better Lives presents results from the OECD’s Survey on Social and Emotional Skills (SSES) 2023. SSES is the largest international effort to collect data on these skills among 10- and 15-year-old students. The report explores how the following skills differ by socio-demographic groups and how they relate to key life outcomes: task performance skills (persistence, responsibility, self-control and achievement motivation); emotional regulation skills (stress-resistance, emotional control and optimism); engaging with others skills (assertiveness, sociability and energy); open-mindedness skills (curiosity, creativity and tolerance); and collaboration skills (empathy and trust). The results show that students’ social and emotional skills – or 21st century skills – are linked to better life outcomes, including academic success, greater life satisfaction, healthier behaviours, less test and class anxiety, and more ambitious career plans. The Survey also finds that these skills are inequitably distributed among students by age, gender, and socio-economic background. SSES 2023 was conducted in Bulgaria, Chile, Peru, Spain, Mexico, Ukraine, Bogotá (Colombia), Delhi (India), Dubai (United Arab Emirates), Emilia-Romagna (Italy), Gunma (Japan), Helsinki (Finland), Jinan (China), Kudus (Indonesia), Sobral (Brazil) and Turin (Italy). Results are compared to SSES 2019, which took place before the COVID-19 pandemic.
    DOI: 10.1787/35ca7b7c-en
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    The Role of Guidelines in Fostering Competition Policy in Tunisia (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264655379 , 9789264358768 , 9789264506350
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (70 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Competition Law and Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Le rôle des lignes directrices dans la promotion de la politique de concurrence en Tunisie
    Keywords: Wettbewerbspolitik ; Tunesien ; Finance and Investment ; Tunisia
    Abstract: This report builds on the recommendations of the 2022 OECD Peer Review of Competition Law and Policy in Tunisia. It presents an overview of how to develop competition law guidelines across four areas (merger control, pecuniary penalties, leniency programmes and compliance programmes) and includes a comparative analysis of selected jurisdictions, with the view of assisting Tunisian authorities to develop their own guidelines. While competition guidelines can play an important role in fostering competition policy in Tunisia, it should go hand in hand with addressing specific shortcomings in the enforcement and advocacy framework as identified in the Peer Review.
    DOI: 10.1787/82f72c0e-en
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    Benchmark Study on Pellet-Cladding Mechanical Interaction in Light Water Reactor Fuel (Volume 2) : Validation of Beginning-of-Life Power Ramping (Case 3) (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264511866
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (68 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Many of the failures that occur in nuclear fuel rods in light water reactors around the world are caused by the phenomenon of mechanical interaction between pellets and cladding (PCMI). The process is extremely complex to simulate, therefore the models involved must be continuously improved and subjected to validation with experiments and comparison to other similar codes. This benchmark study of PCMI is aimed to improve the understanding and modelling of PCMI. The study engaged investigators representing the main fuel performance simulation groups in the world. After a detailed analysis of the results of all the participants, a series of conclusions have been drawn. The results are captured in two volumes: Volume 1: Hypothetical Beginning-of-Life Power Ramps (NEA, 2024) and Volume 2: Validation of Beginning-of-Life Power Ramping (this publication).
    DOI: 10.1787/05353d10-en
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    Review of Anti-Corruption Reforms in Ukraine under the Fifth Round of Monitoring : The Istanbul Anti-Corruption Action Plan (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264336667
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (107 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Anti-Korruption ; Ukraine ; Governance ; Ukraine
    Abstract: The report assesses Ukraine’s anti-corruption reforms against a set of indicators, benchmarks and their elements under five performance areas that focus on anti-corruption policy, prevention of corruption and enforcement. It analyses Ukraine’s efforts to amend laws, build anti-corruption institutions, its measures to detect, investigate and prosecute corruption cases and identifies areas for improvement.
    DOI: 10.1787/9e03ebb6-en
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  • 24
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    OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Slovak Republic 2024 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264969551 , 9789264465589 , 9789264605091
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Keywords: Umweltpolitik ; Umweltschutz ; Slowakei ; Energy ; Environment ; Governance ; Slovak Republic
    Abstract: The Slovak Republic has reduced some environmental pressures over the past decade. However, it needs to do more to reduce air pollution, improve waste and wastewater treatment and move towards carbon neutrality. Since 2011, the country has taken important steps to improve its biodiversity policy. Slovakia needs to now align its strategy with the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework and the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030. Most species and habitats are in an unfavourable state and biodiversity considerations are not sufficiently integrated into sectoral policies. This is the third Environmental Performance Review of the Slovak Republic. It provides an evidence-based assessment of the country's progress towards its environmental goals over the past decade. The 29 recommendations aim to help Slovakia improve its environmental performance, giving special focus to biodiversity and forests in the context of climate change.
    DOI: 10.1787/108238e8-en
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    Prevention of Tax Treaty Abuse – Sixth Peer Review Report on Treaty Shopping : Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 6 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264765832 , 9789264760912 , 9789264655096
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (325 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Prévention de l’utilisation abusive des conventions fiscales – Sixième rapport d’examen par les pairs sur le chalandage fiscal : Cadre inclusif sur le BEPS : Action 6
    Keywords: Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Steuererhebungsverfahren ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation
    Abstract: Under the BEPS Action 6 minimum standard on treaty shopping, members of the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS have committed to strengthen their tax treaties by implementing anti-abuse measures. This report reflects the outcome of the sixth peer review of the implementation of the BEPS Action 6 minimum standard on treaty shopping. It includes the aggregate results of the review and data on tax treaties concluded by the members of the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS as of 31 May 2023, as well as jurisdictional sections which contain detailed information for each member jurisdiction.
    DOI: 10.1787/36cebf8e-en
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    Facts not Fakes: Tackling Disinformation, Strengthening Information Integrity (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264660502 , 9789264949027 , 9789264373112
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (141 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Hechos frente a falsedades: Fortaleciendo la democracia a través de la integridad de la información
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Les faits sans le faux : Lutter contre la désinformation, renforcer l’intégrité de l’information
    Keywords: Education ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Rising disinformation has far-reaching consequences in many policy areas ranging from public health to national security. It can cast doubt on factual evidence, jeopardise the implementation of public policies and undermine people's trust in the integrity of democratic institutions. This report explores how to respond to these challenges and reinforce democracy. It presents an analytical framework to guide countries in the design of policies, looking at three complementary dimensions: implementing policies to enhance the transparency, accountability, and plurality of information sources; fostering societal resilience to disinformation; and upgrading governance measures and public institutions to uphold the integrity of the information space.
    DOI: 10.1787/d909ff7a-en
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    The Limits of DeFi for Financial Inclusion : Lessons from ASEAN (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264808515 , 9789264651999 , 9789264571792
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (60 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Finanzsystem ; Virtuelle Währung ; Kryptoökonomie ; Blockchain ; Multinationale KMU ; ASEAN-Staaten ; Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Decentralised finance, including crypto-asset markets and DeFi protocol activity, has been promoted as a tool to support the democratisation of finance. This report presents quantitative evidence from ASEAN economies that participation in decentralised finance markets has been largely driven by speculative forces and a fear of missing out, rather than by practical use-cases that can promote financial inclusion. Since decentralised finance today involves unregulated or uncompliant financial service provision, the complexity and the non-custodial nature of such activity (particularly DeFi protocol activity) make these practically difficult for retail participation. The report provides policy considerations and discusses other digital finance tools that could be considered as alternative catalysts for financial inclusion, particularly when it comes to MSME financing.
    DOI: 10.1787/f00a0c7f-en
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    Artificial intelligence and the changing demand for skills in the labour market (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (55 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Artificial Intelligence Papers no.14
    Keywords: Künstliche Intelligenz ; Qualifikation ; Arbeitsnachfrage ; Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Most workers who will be exposed to artificial intelligence (AI) will not require specialised AI skills (e.g. machine learning, natural language processing, etc.). Even so, AI will change the tasks these workers do, and the skills they require. This report provides first estimates for the effect of artificial intelligence on the demand for skills in jobs that do not require specialised AI skills. The results show that the skills most demanded in occupations highly exposed to AI are management and business skills. These include skills in general project management, finance, administration and clerical tasks. The results also show that there have been increases over time in the demand for these skills in occupations highly exposed to AI. For example, the share of vacancies in these occupations that demand at least one emotional, cognitive or digital skill has increased by 8 percentage points. However, using a panel of establishments (which induces plausibly exogenous variation in AI exposure), the report finds evidence that the demand for these skills is beginning to fall.
    DOI: 10.1787/88684e36-en
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    Cross-border investment into low-carbon infrastructure : An empirical glance (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (45 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2024/01
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This working paper provides a granular overview of investments into low-carbon infrastructure, both in the real economy and financial market. The descriptive analysis shows that there is room to scale up cross-border infrastructure investment and to shift investment into low-carbon assets. Specifically, low-carbon cross-border investment can be increased by shifting infrastructure investments, that currently flow into the financial economy, to the real economy and by incentivising the use of financing instruments, i.e., securitised products, that bundle projects and meet different liquidity tastes of investors. The analysis also highlights the important role of foreign direct investment (FDI) into infrastructure from foreign real economy companies.
    DOI: 10.1787/e82ee163-en
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    Implementing the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention in Luxembourg : Phase 4 Report (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264565173
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (115 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Mise en œuvre de la Convention de l'OCDE sur la lutte contre la corruption par le Luxembourg : Rapport de Phase 4
    Keywords: Anti-Korruption ; Luxemburg ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Luxembourg
    Abstract: This Phase 4 report on Luxembourg by the OECD Working Group on Bribery evaluates and makes recommendations on Luxembourg’s implementation of the Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions and the 2021 Recommendation of the Council for Further Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions. It was adopted by the OECD Working Group on Bribery during its plenary meeting on 5-8 March 2024.
    DOI: 10.1787/c328b3e7-en
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    Towards Balanced Regional Development in Croatia : From Strategy Design to Implementation (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264493162 , 9789264422889 , 9789264613409
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Multi-level Governance Studies
    Keywords: Regionalentwicklung ; Regionalpolitik ; Kroatien ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Croatia
    Abstract: Since joining the EU in 2013, Croatia’s macroeconomic performance has improved significantly. At the same time, large demographic and socio-economic disparities across Croatian regions persist. These trends provide the backdrop against which Croatia has reformed its legislative and strategic planning framework for regional development. Such reforms culminated in the adoption of the National Development Strategy 2030, which includes balanced regional development among its main long-term objectives. They have also led to the creation of regional development agencies, and the design of development plans at the county and local levels. This report assesses the extent to which Croatia’s multi-level governance system is supporting its regional development objectives. In particular, it provides an overview of the country’s regional development performance on several demographic, economic and well-being indicators. From there, it considers how the regional development reforms adopted since 2014 affect the ability of national and subnational governments to design, implement, fund, monitor and evaluate place-based regional development plans. Finally, this report provides practical recommendations to help national and subnational policy makers develop and implement strategic frameworks to meet their territorial development objectives and deliver tangible results to communities across the country.
    DOI: 10.1787/3c0779cf-en
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    PISA Vocational Education and Training (VET) : Assessment and Analytical Framework (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264639386 , 9789264394704 , 9789264749405
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (320 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: PISA
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: This report presents the conceptual foundations of the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) Vocational Education and Training (VET), currently in the Development Phase of implementation which aims to provide a comprehensive and rigorous international survey of student knowledge and skills that are essential for success in selected occupational areas. The PISA-VET assessment covers professional knowledge and skills in five occupational areas (automotive technician, business and administration, electrician, nursing/healthcare assistant and hotel receptionist), plus an evaluation of learners’ employability skills, including literacy, problem solving, task performance (conscientiousness) and collaboration with others. This publication includes the frameworks for assessing all the knowledge and skills included in the assessment. These chapters outline the content knowledge and skills that learners need to acquire in each domain, how each domain is assessed, and the contexts in which this knowledge and these skills are applied. The publication also presents the frameworks for the various questionnaires distributed to students, principals of VET institutions, teachers and trainers, including a questionnaire for trainers in work-based learning environments and a system level data questionnaire for participating countries. The questionnaires are also included as an annex to the publication.
    DOI: 10.1787/b0d5aaf9-en
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    The Blue Economy in Cities and Regions : A Territorial Approach (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264818521 , 9789264740624 , 9789264791053
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (125 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Urban Studies
    Keywords: Meeresnutzung ; Gewässerbelastung ; Regionalentwicklung ; Stadtentwicklung ; Nachhaltige Regionalentwicklung ; Nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung ; Welt ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: The blue economy is a major driver of urban and regional development, creating millions of local jobs in water-dependent sectors such as fisheries, tourism, and shipping. However, it can also contribute to carbon emissions and ecosystem degradation, while its reliance on freshwater, coastal and marine ecosystems exposes it to the impacts of climate change. As the places where the blue economy takes place, creates value and provides jobs, cities and regions play a key role in unlocking the potential of a resilient blue economy that preserves the ecosystems that sustain it. Building on a global survey of 80+ cities, regions and basins, this report highlights the costs and benefits of the blue economy at subnational level, shedding light on the link between the blue economy and water security. This analysis provides an overview of the multi-level governance of the blue economy and related gaps. It calls on cities and regions to develop resilient, inclusive, sustainable and circular (RISC-proof) blue economies by establishing the right governance conditions related to policy making, policy coherence and policy implementation. The report concludes with a RISC Assessment Framework that offers a self-evaluation tool for subnational governments.
    DOI: 10.1787/bd929b7d-en
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    Oslo-Handbuch 2018 : Leitlinien für die Erhebung, Darstellung und Nutzung von Innovationsdaten, 4. Ausgabe (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264738560 , 9789264581777 , 9789264379695
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (292 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Oslo Manual 2018: Guidelines for Collecting, Reporting and Using Data on Innovation, 4th Edition
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Manuel d’Oslo 2018 : Lignes directrices pour le recueil, la communication et l’utilisation des données sur l’innovation, 4ème édition
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Oslo vadovas 2018: Duomenų apie inovacijas rinkimo, teikimo ir naudojimo gairės, Ketvirtasis Leidimas Mokslinės, technologinės ir inovacinės veiklos vertinimas
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Was ist Innovation und wie sollte sie gemessen werden? Kenntnisse über den Umfang der Innovationsaktivitäten, die Eigenschaften innovativer Unternehmen sowie interne und systemische Faktoren, die die Innovationstätigkeit beeinflussen können, sind Voraussetzung für die Umsetzung und Analyse von Maßnahmen zur Innovationsförderung. Das erstmals 1992 veröffentlichte Oslo-Handbuch ist das internationale Referenzwerk für die Erhebung und Nutzung von Innovationsdaten. Diese aktualisierte vierte Ausgabe deckt ein breiteres Spektrum von innovationsbezogenen Phänomenen ab und berücksichtigt die Erkenntnisse aus den jüngsten Innovationserhebungen in OECD-Mitgliedsländern sowie Partnervolkswirtschaften und -organisationen.
    DOI: 10.1787/9d73fbba-de
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    Fostering higher-order thinking skills online in higher education : A scoping review (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (44 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.306
    Keywords: Education ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: This scoping review examines the effectiveness of online and blended learning in fostering higher-order thinking skills in higher education, focussing on creativity and critical thinking. The paper finds that whilst there is a growing body of research in this area, its scope and generalisability remain limited. Current evidence suggests that, for most students and contexts, in-person learning yields better or equivalent outcomes for higher-order thinking skills than fully online learning. However, blended and flipped learning show promise. In some cases, they may be more effective than in-person learning to develop higher-order skills. The review aims to be of use to higher education practitioners by synthesising, for the first time at such a scale, the diverse literature on what supports students to develop these skills online. This has been linked to active and interactive online learning, well-structured project-based learning, disciplined questioning, students labelling relevant dimensions of their thinking, and regular, quality instructor and peer feedback. The review calls for improved research design to understand the effectiveness of different modes of learning and address gaps in the literature, which include fostering creativity online and ensuring equitable online skills development across disciplines and teaching contexts. Policy implications include the need to integrate attention to higher-order thinking skills into professional learning, innovation funds, national networks and quality assurance to support effective online teaching of these skills across higher education systems.
    DOI: 10.1787/84f7756a-en
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    Extended Producer Responsibility : Basic facts and key principles (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Environment Policy Papers no.41
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) is a policy approach that makes producers responsible for their products along the entire lifecycle, including at the post-consumer stage. This policy paper summarises the current consensus on the EPR policy approach. By taking stock of what's known and well established in the literature, it aims to foster a common understanding of the EPR approach and to provide guiding principles for its successful implementation. This paper makes a valuable contribution to an increasing number of policy debates and processes that are ongoing, both at national and international levels, in areas such as plastics, electric and electronic waste and textiles.
    DOI: 10.1787/67587b0b-en
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    Towards demystifying trade dependencies : At what point do trade linkages become a concern? (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Papers no.280
    Keywords: Trade
    Abstract: Supply chain disruptions, related to natural events or geopolitical tensions, have in recent years prompted policy makers to identify potential vulnerabilities related to critical trade dependencies. These are commercial links that could potentially impose significant economic or societal harm, be a source of coercion, a risk to national security, or disrupt strategic activities. Using three complementary methodologies — detailed trade data analysis, input-output data techniques, and computable general equilibrium (CGE) modelling — this paper examines the nature and evolution of trade dependencies between the OECD countries and major non-OECD economies (MNOE). It shows that global production has become increasingly concentrated at the product level, with China representing 15% of import dependencies in strategic products for OECD countries in 2020-21 compared to 4% in 1997-99. The methodologies used in this paper unanimously demonstrate a high degree of trade interdependency between OECD and MNOE countries. The current debate on “de-risking” international trade, therefore, needs to carefully consider the possible costs and benefits of different policy choices.
    DOI: 10.1787/2a1a2bb9-en
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    Measuring well-being “beyond GDP” in Asia, South-East Asia and Korea (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (48 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Papers on Well-being and Inequalities no.22
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Existing well-being measurement initiatives in the region, such as the Quality of Life Indicators in Korea, Bhutan’s Gross National Happiness Index and Quality of Life Index in the Philippines, shed some insight on dimensions that should be considered for measuring well-being beyond GDP in Asia. Dimensions of housing, health, education, environment and civic engagement recur across several Asian well-being measurement frameworks, as well as dimensions such as family and culture which are more characteristic of the region. Identifying vulnerable population groups and securing better evidence on social mobility are also necessary to better measure progress in the region. Going forward, it would be helpful for countries to exchange knowledge on how well-being data available can be used for policy making in a more concrete way, for example, by including it in national development plans or budgeting processes.
    DOI: 10.1787/1487aa23-en
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    OECD Agenda for Transformative Science, Technology and Innovation Policies (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (72 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers no.164
    Keywords: Environment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Multiple crises are triggering turbulence, instability and insecurity in contemporary societies, with impacts on economies, the environment, politics, and global affairs. An effective response will require governments to be more ambitious and act with greater urgency in their science, technology and innovation (STI) policies to meet global challenges. Sustained investments and greater directionality in research and innovation activities are needed, and these should coincide with a reappraisal of STI systems and STI policies to ensure they are “fit-for-purpose” to contribute to transformative change agendas. This policy paper provides a framework to support governments in making these assessments. It identifies six STI policy orientations for transformative change that should guide these assessments. It applies these orientations across multiple areas of STI policy, including R&D funding, the research and innovation workforce, and international R&D co-operation, and outlines a series of concrete policy actions STI policymakers can take to accelerate transformative change.
    DOI: 10.1787/ba2aaf7b-en
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    Addressing demographic headwinds in Japan: A long-term perspective (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (56 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1792
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Japan faces serious demographic headwinds. Under current fertility, employment and immigration rates, the population would fall by 45% by 2100 and employment by 52%. Given the challenges of a shrinking and ageing population, the government has pledged to “create a children-first economic society and reverse the birth rate decline”. One priority is to strengthen the weak financial position of youth, which leads many to delay or forgo marriage and children. Making it easier to combine paid work and family is also critical so that women are not forced to choose between a career and children. Policies should also cut the cost of raising children, the key obstacle to couples achieving their desired number of children. Given the challenge of reversing fertility trends, Japan needs to prepare for a low-fertility future by raising productivity and employment, particularly among women and older people. Breaking down labour market dualism, which disproportionately affects youth, women and older people, is a priority. Abolishing the right of firms to set a mandatory retirement age (usually at 60) and raising the pension eligibility age would also promote employment. Foreign workers are helping ease labour shortages, but more needs to be done to attract foreign talent. A comprehensive approach is needed to raise fertility, the employment rates of women and older persons and inflows of foreign workers.
    DOI: 10.1787/96648955-en
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    Measuring subjective well-being across OECD countries (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (12 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Insights on Well-being, Inclusion and Equal Opportunity no.16
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Thanks to the large investment of official data producers in OECD countries, measures of subjective well-being have become increasingly robust and meaningful from a policy perspective. In the ten years since the OECD published its Guidelines on Measuring Subjective Well-being, the inclusion of subjective well-being indicators in national measurement frameworks and household surveys has grown. Country practice has converged around a standard measure of life satisfaction, however affective and eudaimonic measures of subjective well-being remain less harmonised. This policy insights, along with its accompanying working paper, identify priority areas for future OECD work by marrying the practical concerns of data collectors with good practice as identified by the academic literature.
    DOI: 10.1787/f5199579-en
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    An ocean of data : The potential of data on vessel traffic (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (34 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Statistics Working Papers no.2024/02
    Keywords: Economics ; Trade
    Abstract: Rising uncertainties and geo-political tensions, together with increasingly complex trade relations have increased the demand for monitoring global trade in a timely manner. Although it was primarily designed to ensure vessel safety, information from the Automatic Information System, which allows for the tracking of vessels across the globe, is particularly well suited for providing insights on port activity and maritime trade developments, which accounts for a large share of global trade. Data are available in quasi real time but need to be pre-processed and validated. This paper contributes to existing research in this field in two major ways. First, it proposes a new methodology to identify ports, at a higher level of granularity than in past research. Second, it builds indicators to monitor port congestion and trends in maritime trade flows and provides more granular information to better understand those flows. Those indicators will still need to be refined, by complementing the AIS database with additional data sources, but already provide a useful source of information to monitor trade, at the country and global levels.
    DOI: 10.1787/34b7a926-en
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    What progress have countries made in closing gender gaps in education and beyond? (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Education Indicators in Focus no.85
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Despite numerous measures, gender stereotypes about abilities in mathematics and reading persist in schools, affecting both boys' and girls' schooling and educational choices. Inequalities also persist outside the classroom, where women, despite greater educational attainment, experience lower employment rates and often receive lower salaries than men with similar levels of education. Nonetheless, the many measures taken by countries have brought some encouraging signs of progress. However, more work is needed to ensure that improvements in education are also reflected in improvements once boys and girls transition into the world of work.
    DOI: 10.1787/2b2a0a65-en
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    Managing choice, coherence, and specialisation in upper secondary education (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (22 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Education Spotlights no.10
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: With a far greater share of the student cohort progressing into upper secondary education than previous generations, modern upper secondary systems need to accommodate a wider variety of student interests, aspirations and learning levels. To respond to these needs, countries need to balance choice and specialisation to promote coherence. Systems that provide too much choice or specialisation risk hindering coherence, while those with too little choice or specialisation risk that upper secondary does not enable students to identify their interests and deepen their skills in those areas, which is essential for smooth transitions into post-secondary pathways and the labour market. This Education Spotlight provides a framework for countries to consider how far their current system supports the goals of choice, specialisation and coherence and provides examples from across OECD countries as inspiration for future reforms.
    DOI: 10.1787/4a278519-en
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    Benchmark Study on Pellet-Cladding Mechanical Interaction in Light Water Reactor Fuel (Volume I) : Hypothetical Beginning-of-Life Power Ramps (Cases 1 and 2) (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264461383
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (92 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Many of the failures that occur in nuclear fuel rods in light water reactors around the world are caused by the phenomenon of mechanical interaction between pellets and cladding (PCMI). The process is extremely complex to simulate, therefore the models involved must be continuously improved and subjected to validation with experiments and comparison to other similar codes. This benchmark study of PCMI aims to improve the understanding and modelling of PCMI. The study engaged investigators representing the main fuel performance simulation groups in the world. After a detailed analysis of the results of all the participants, a series of conclusions have been drawn. The results are captured in two volumes: Volume 1: Hypothetical Beginning-of-Life Power Ramps (this publication) and Volume 2: Validation of Beginning-of-Life Power Ramping (NEA, 2024).
    DOI: 10.1787/80206f78-en
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    Steering from the Centre of Government in Times of Complexity : Compendium of Practices (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264809178 , 9789264865709 , 9789264986626
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (165 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: From steering decision-making in times of complexity to stewarding cross-cutting policies and guiding good practices across the public administration, centres of government (CoGs) play an important role in achieving government ambitions. CoGs have recently found themselves under pressure to help navigate increasingly complex policy challenges in an environment characterised by multiple crises, polarisation and declining trust in public institutions. This compendium gathers and shares practices and experiences of CoGs in undertaking their various roles and functions. It describes the mechanisms CoGs use in roles such as bridging the political-administrative interface, stewarding cross-cutting policies, guiding public administration reform, and engaging with citizens and other stakeholders. Finally, it discusses the lessons learnt and key enablers that emerge from the experiences. This compendium serves CoG leaders and government officials who seek to better understand the role of the centre in contributing to better outcomes for citizens and society.
    DOI: 10.1787/69b1f129-en
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    Global Corporate Sustainability Report 2024 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264946163 , 9789264457232 , 9789264493476
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (63 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility ; Nachhaltigkeitsbericht ; Unternehmensethik ; Welt ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: The OECD Global Corporate Sustainability Report aims to enhance the adoption of corporate governance policies that promote the sustainability and resilience of companies. It examines the evolving landscape of corporate sustainability practices worldwide and includes a focus on key dimensions outlined in the G20/OECD Principles of Corporate Governance, such as sustainability-related disclosure, shareholder-company dialogue, board responsibilities, and stakeholder interests. It offers comprehensive data analysis specifically designed to meet the needs of policymakers, regulators, and market participants.
    DOI: 10.1787/8416b635-en
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    Infrastructure for a Climate-Resilient Future (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264762138 , 9789264698642 , 9789264315471
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (180 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Des infrastructures pour un avenir résilient face au changement climatique
    Keywords: Infrastrukturpolitik ; Infrastrukturinvestition ; Klimapolitik ; Klimawandel ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: This report provides an overview of the impacts of climate change on infrastructure , and key policy areas to be considered to render infrastructure more resilient. It discusses advances and persisting gaps in planning and developing infrastructure across its lifecycle to build in climate resilience and how this can be fostered by place-based approach. The report explores how climate risk awareness and understanding can be strengthened and become a norm for all financing and investment decisions, through standards and financial instruments that integrate climate adaptation and resilience. It includes a spotlight on nature-based solutions and offers insights on how nature can be harnessed as a cost-effective measure to build climate resilience. The report also recognises the specific needs of developing countries as requiring global attention for economic development and through strengthened international partnerships and support. Key policy insights are provided and advocate for national and subnational policy-makers to adopt a multi-level governance approach to resilience, working with infrastructure owners and operators to support decision-making.
    DOI: 10.1787/a74a45b0-en
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    Youth on the move : Young people and transport in the 21st century (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (59 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: International Transport Forum Policy Papers no.128
    Keywords: Jugendliche ; Junge Erwachsene ; Verkehr ; Personenverkehr ; Welt ; Transport
    Abstract: How young people use transport matters for society. Transport connects them to education, work, friends and other opportunities. Mobility patterns of the younger generation also matter for sustainability, economic development, liveability, health and well-being. Yet, young people’s views are rarely factored into transport policy explicitly. This report addresses the gap by reviewing young citizens’ travel patterns and behaviours, identifying their expectations regarding mobility and life opportunities and investigating their mobility-relevant experiences, capabilities and skills. To maximise the potential of youth, it is important that governments, communities, and other stakeholders ensure all young people have access to safe and affordable transport. It is also important to engage young people in the planning and implementation of transport initiatives so that their needs are met.
    DOI: 10.1787/686a7ed5-en
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    Illicit Trade in Fakes under the COVID-19 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264940093 , 9789264757639 , 9789264996663
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (60 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Illicit Trade
    Keywords: Illegaler Handel ; Produktpiraterie ; Coronavirus ; Welt ; Governance ; Trade
    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted various aspects of human activity, including illicit trade. Criminal networks have adapted quickly to exploit disrupted supply chains and increased demand for essential goods, creating new opportunities for profit. This report examines how the pandemic has reshaped the trade in counterfeit goods. It looks at the multifaceted effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the trade dynamic, particularly in the European Union. It also explores its effects on the trade in counterfeit goods, drawing on both law enforcement and industry expertise, as well as global customs seizure data. In particular, it highlights the challenges faced, the changing modus operandi of counterfeiters and the solutions that have emerged during this unprecedented health crisis.
    DOI: 10.1787/0c475a23-en
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    National Contact Point for Responsible Business Conduct Peer Reviews: Kazakhstan 2024 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (70 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility ; Multinationales Unternehmen ; Öffentliche Verwaltung ; Kasachstan ; Finance and Investment ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: This document is the peer review report of the National Contact Point (NCP) of Kazakhstan. The objectives of NCP peer reviews are to assess that the NCP is functioning and operating in accordance with the core effectiveness criteria set out in the implementation procedures; to identify the NCP’s strengths and possibilities for improvement; to make recommendations for improvement; and to serve as a learning tool for all NCPs involved. The peer review of the NCP of Kazakhstan was conducted by a team of reviewers from the NCPs of Egypt, France, and Korea, along with representatives of the OECD Secretariat.
    DOI: 10.1787/9090c11f-en
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    Targeting public spending: Means-testing and user charging (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 23, no. 3 | volume:23 | year:2024 | number:3
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (21 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 23, no. 3
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:23
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2024
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Economics
    Abstract: This paper argues that countries will need to better assess potential savings in the provision of universal benefits and providing services free to all at the point of delivery. Instead, programmes will need to be targeted at those truly in need, and services only free to those with limited ability to pay. It draws an analogy to the progressivity of the tax system where those with greater means pay higher taxes. A similar philosophy should be the basis of government spending. It highlights examples of the application of means-testing and user charging for key areas including retirement benefits, health care and education. The paper is meant to stimulate discussion among Senior Budget Officials.
    DOI: 10.1787/2f0da72b-en
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    OECD performance budgeting framework (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 23, no. 3 | volume:23 | year:2024 | number:3
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (9 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 23, no. 3
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:23
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2024
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Economics
    Abstract: The OECD Performance Budgeting Framework provides four building blocks to guide countries in strengthening their approach to performance budgeting. These are (i) tools and methods for developing meaningful performance information, (ii) accountability and transparency, (iii) a strong enabling environment, and (iv) the use of performance information to inform decisions around the budget.
    DOI: 10.1787/247e9dcb-en
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    The emergence of strategic budget initiatives (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 23, no. 3 | volume:23 | year:2024 | number:3
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 23, no. 3
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:23
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2024
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Keywords: Economics ; Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Abstract: The growth of strategic budget initiatives – such as gender budgeting and green budgeting - has been a prominent trend in OECD countries. This is driven by a desire to use the budget to help deliver transformational change in relation to key policy priorities demanding a whole-of-government response. This paper outlines the emergence of strategic budget initiatives across OECD countries and offers some preliminary observations on how these initiatives are being designed and implemented.
    DOI: 10.1787/8053099b-en
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    Collective action for responsible AI in health (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (41 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Artificial Intelligence Papers no.10
    Keywords: Künstliche Intelligenz ; Gesundheitswesen ; Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Employment ; Science and Technology ; Governance
    Abstract: Artificial intelligence will have profound impacts across health systems, transforming health care, public health, and research. Responsible AI can accelerate efforts toward health systems being more resilient, sustainable, equitable, and person-centred. This paper provides an overview of the background and current state of artificial intelligence in health, perspectives on opportunities, risks, and barriers to success. The paper proposes several areas to be explored for policy makers to advance the future of responsible AI in health that is adaptable to change, respects individuals, champions equity, and achieves better health outcomes for all. The areas to be explored relate to trust, capacity building, evaluation, and collaboration. This recognises that the primary forces that are needed to unlock the value from artificial intelligence are people-based and not technical. The OECD is ready to support efforts for co-operative learning and collective action to advance the use of responsible AI in health.
    DOI: 10.1787/f2050177-en
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    2023 OECD Digital Government Index : Results and key findings (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (37 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Policy Papers no.44
    Keywords: E-Government ; Digitalisierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Governance
    Abstract: Digital government is essential to transform government processes and services in ways that improve the responsiveness and reliability of the public sector. During the COVID-19 pandemic it also proved crucial to governments' ability to continue operating in times of crisis and provide timely services to citizens and businesses. Yet, for the digital transformation to be sustainable in the long term, it needs solid foundations, including adaptable governance arrangements, reliable and resilient digital public infrastructure, and a prospective approach to governing with emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence. This paper presents the main findings of the 2023 edition of the OECD Digital Government Index (DGI), which benchmarks the efforts made by governments to establish the foundations necessary for a coherent, human-centred digital transformation of the public sector. It comprises 155 data points from 33 member countries, 4 accession countries and 1 partner country collected in 2022, covering the period between 01 January 2020 and 31 October 2022.
    DOI: 10.1787/1a89ed5e-en
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    Slovensko: Zdravotný Profil Krajiny 2023 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264410718
    Language: Slovak
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Slovakia: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Slovak Republic
    Abstract: Tento profil poskytuje stručný a politicky zameraný prehľad o zdravotnom stave a systéme zdravotnej starostlivosti na Slovensku, ktorý je súčasťou širšej série zdravotných profilov krajín v rámci iniciatívy Stav zdravia v EÚ. Predstavuje stručnú analýzu zahŕňajúcu tieto kľúčové aspekty: súčasný zdravotný stav na Slovensku, determinanty zdravia so zameraním na rizikové faktory správania, organizáciu slovenského systému zdravotnej starostlivosti a hodnotenie účinnosti, dostupnosti a odolnosti systému zdravotnej starostlivosti. Okrem toho vydanie na rok 2023 prináša tematickú časť o stave duševného zdravia a súvisiacich službách na Slovensku. Tento profil je spoločným dielom OECD a Európskeho strediska pre sledovanie systémov a politík v oblasti zdravotníctva, realizovaným v spolupráci s Európskou komisiou.
    DOI: 10.1787/e1adf8cd-sk
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    Breaking the Vicious Circles of Informal Employment and Low-Paying Work (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264700079 , 9789264352063 , 9789264592322
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (166 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Informelle Wirtschaft ; Niedriglohn ; Schwarzarbeit ; Qualifikation ; Soziale Mobilität ; Education ; Economics ; Development
    Abstract: This report adds two perspectives on informality. First, it disassembles the mechanics of the deleterious links between informal employment, low-paying work and low skills. It shows that informal employment is highly persistent, and that the vulnerability of informal workers is passed on to their children in the absence of adequate education, skills and social protection policy. Second, the report underscores the double burden of informality and low-paying work that a large share of workers in developing and emerging economies carry, and as such calls for policy solutions that go beyond the formalisation agenda and embrace the goal of social justice.
    DOI: 10.1787/f95c5a74-en
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    Exámenes Inter-Pares sobre el Derecho y Política de Competencia: República Dominicana (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264740976 , 9789264649675 , 9789264589469
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (96 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Peer Reviews of Competition Law and Policy: Dominican Republic
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Dominican Republic
    Abstract: Los Exámenes Inter-Pares sobre el Derecho y Política de Competencia son una herramienta valiosa para reformar y fortalecer el marco de competencia de un país. Este examen inter-pares de la República Dominicana presenta la evolución de su régimen de competencia en los últimos años y evalúa la eficacia de su actual legislación y política de competencia. El examen proporciona recomendaciones para ayudar a la República Dominicana a fortalecer su régimen de competencia y sus instituciones, desarrolladas y discutidas en el examen inter-pares llevado a cabo durante el Foro de Competencia de América Latina y el Caribe OCDE-BID 2023.
    DOI: 10.1787/82adc1ba-es
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    Impact Evaluation of Ireland’s Active Labour Market Policies (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264333062 , 9789264417137 , 9789264872578
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Connecting People with Jobs
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Ireland
    Abstract: This report analyses the sequence of labour market support that individuals receive and evaluates two large public works programmes. It uses rich administrative data and finds positive labour market impacts of the Community Employment and Tús employment programmes. Building on the results of the analyses, the report makes recommendations on how Ireland can further adapt its active labour market policies (ALMPs) to better support its current and future jobseekers. This report on Ireland is the thirteenth country study published in a series of reports on policies to connect people with jobs, and is part of a joint project with the European Commission to strengthen countries’ capacity to evaluate ALMPs. The report is written jointly by the OECD, the Department of Social Protection of Ireland and the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission.
    DOI: 10.1787/ec67dff2-en
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    Safer Micromobility (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (32 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: International Transport Forum Policy Papers no.129
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: In 2020, the ITF published Safe Micromobility, a report assessing the safety of micromobility and new mobility services. In the four years since publication, much has changed in terms of the evidence base regarding the safety of micromobility. This report summarises an analysis of the current evidence base of the most recent micromobility safety trends and risks. It provides safety recommendations for both authorities and micromobility operators in line with the Safe System approach.
    DOI: 10.1787/0d2e0dd5-en
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  • 62
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    Scaling-up infrastructure investment to strengthen sustainable development in Brazil (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (59 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1790
    Keywords: Infrastrukturinvestition ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Brasilien ; Economics
    Abstract: Infrastructure investment has been low in Brazil over the last decades, leaving significant gaps in all infrastructure sectors. To close these gaps, public investment will need to increase and become more effective, while additional private resources need to be mobilised. Improving strategic planning and effectively translating it into budget allocations over time would increase the quality of infrastructure projects. Promoting foreign participation in public procurement would raise competition and value for public money, while strengthening the governance of SOEs would enhance the quality of infrastructure services. Minimising policy and judicial risks would help to leverage more private infrastructure financing, including at longer maturities, while ensuring an adequate risk sharing between public and private actors.
    DOI: 10.1787/47d65b26-en
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  • 63
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    Standard internazionali per lo scambio automatico di informazioni a fini fiscali : Quadro per la comunicazione di informazioni in materia di cripto-attività e aggiornamento 2023 dello standard comune di comunicazione di informazioni (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264920422 , 9789264622180 , 9789264499607
    Language: Italian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (150 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Normes internationales d'échange automatique de renseignements en matière fiscale : Cadre de déclaration des Crypto-actifs et mise à jour 2023 de la Norme commune de déclaration
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe International Standards for Automatic Exchange of Information in Tax Matters: Crypto-Asset Reporting Framework and 2023 update to the Common Reporting Standard
    Keywords: Taxation
    Abstract: Fin dalla sua approvazione nel 2014, lo Standard Internazionale per lo scambio automatico di informazioni a fini fiscali è stato attuato dalle giurisdizioni e dalle istituzioni finanziarie di tutto il mondo. Alla luce dell'esperienza acquisita e della crescente digitalizzazione dei mercati finanziari, è stata eseguita una revisione approfondita dello Standard. Di conseguenza, la presente pubblicazione comprende il Quadro per la comunicazione di informazioni in materia di cripto-attività (CARF) nonché le modifiche dello standard comune di comunicazione di informazioni (CRS), insieme ai relativi Commentari e ai quadri di riferimento per lo scambio di informazioni, quali approvati dal Comitato per gli Affari fiscali dell'OCSE, che ora costituiscono collettivamente gli standard internazionali per lo scambio automatico di informazioni a fini fiscali. Il CARF prevede lo scambio automatico di informazioni fiscalmente pertinenti sulle cripto-attività ed è stato sviluppato per far fronte ai rapidi processi di sviluppo e crescita del mercato in tale ambito e per garantire che i recenti progressi in termini di trasparenza fiscale su scala mondiale non siano gradualmente compromessi. Il CRS è stato modificato affinché taluni strumenti di moneta elettronica e le valute digitali della banca centrale rientrino nell'ambito di applicazione dello stesso. Sono state inoltre apportate modifiche per garantire che gli investimenti indiretti in cripto-attività tramite strumenti derivati e veicoli di investimento siano ora contemplati dal CRS. Sono state altresì apportate modifiche per rafforzare gli obblighi di adeguata verifica in materia fiscale e di comunicazione e per prevedere un'esclusione per le organizzazioni che siano effettivamente senza scopo di lucro. La presente pubblicazione include altresì la Raccomandazione dell'OCSE relativa agli Standard internazionali per lo scambio automatico di informazioni a fini fiscali, che comprende sia il CARF che il CRS emendato.
    DOI: 10.1787/fe0e5db1-it
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  • 64
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    OECD-Handbuch für umweltbezogene Sorgfaltspflichten in mineralischen Rohstofflieferketten (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264540750 , 9789264853966 , 9789264330641
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (78 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Manual sobre debida diligencia ambiental en las cadenas de suministro de minerales
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Handbook on Environmental Due Diligence in Mineral Supply Chains
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Dieses Handbuch wurde entwickelt, um Unternehmen dabei zu helfen, Umweltaspekte in ihre Due Diligence-Prozesse für die mineralische Lieferkette einzubinden. Das Handbuch basiert auf den führenden internationalen, staatlich unterstützten Standards zur Sorgfaltspflicht in der Lieferkette und zu verantwortungsvollem unternehmerischem Handeln: auf den OECD-Leitsätzen für multinationale Unternehmen zu verantwortungsvollem unternehmerischem Handeln, dem OECD-Leitfaden für die Erfüllung der Sorgfaltspflicht zur Förderung verantwortungsvoller Lieferketten für Minerale aus Konflikt- und Hochrisikogebieten und dem OECD-Leitfaden für die Erfüllung der Sorgfaltspflicht für verantwortungsvolles unternehmerisches Handeln. Dieses Handbuch zeigt, wie die OECD-Instrumente für Due Diligence angewandt werden können, um Umweltrisiken und -auswirkungen in mineralischen Lieferketten durch Kontextualisierung bestehender Empfehlungen und Hinleitung von Nutzern zu nützlichen Ressourcen zu vermeiden.
    DOI: 10.1787/5dc13640-de
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  • 65
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    Rapport sur la dette mondiale 2024 : Les marchés obligataires dans un contexte de dette élevée (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264899254 , 9789264790247 , 9789264973756
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (167 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Global Debt Report 2024: Bond Markets in a High-Debt Environment
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Le Rapport sur la dette mondiale examine les marchés de la dette souveraine et de la dette d'entreprise, apporte un éclairage sur les conditions actuelles du marché et formule des considérations pour l’action publique, y compris sur les risques éventuels pour la stabilité financière. Cette première édition intègre les Perspectives sur les emprunts souverains, qui étaient auparavant une publication distincte de l'OCDE, et comporte de nouveaux chapitres portant sur les marchés des obligations d'entreprises et les obligations durables. Le chapitre 1 donne une vue d’ensemble des emprunts souverains dans le monde et un aperçu des pays de l’OCDE, en mettant l’accent sur l’impact des évolutions récentes des conditions de financement et des changements intervenus dans la base d’investisseurs. Le chapitre 2 analyse la dynamique du marché des obligations d’entreprise à l’échelle mondiale, l’accumulation des risques et des vulnérabilités et les répercussions de la transformation du paysage macrofinancier. Le chapitre 3 passe en revue les tendances qui se font jour sur les marchés mondiaux des obligations durables et examine les facteurs intéressant l’action publique, tels que la prime de durabilité, le rôle des prestataires de services et la liquidité du marché.
    DOI: 10.1787/63ccad6c-fr
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  • 66
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    OECD Secretary-General Report to G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors on the Work of the Inclusive Forum on Carbon Mitigation Approaches (Brazil, February 2024) (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (15 p.)
    Keywords: Environment ; Economics
    Abstract: This report presents developments of the work of the Inclusive Forum on Carbon Mitigation Approaches (IFCMA) to the G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors, and reflect on the IFCMA’s achievements one year on from its launch in February 2023.
    DOI: 10.1787/77e97c92-en
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  • 67
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    Mise en œuvre de la Convention de l'OCDE sur la lutte contre la corruption par le Luxembourg : Rapport de Phase 4 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264928503
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (130 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Implementing the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention in Luxembourg: Phase 4 Report
    Keywords: Governance ; Luxembourg
    Abstract: Ce rapport de Phase 4 sur le Luxembourg par le Groupe de travail de l’OCDE sur la corruption évalue et fait des recommandations sur la mise en œuvre par le Luxembourg de la Convention de l’OCDE sur la lutte contre la corruption d’agents publics étrangers dans les transactions commerciales internationales et la Recommandation de 2021 du Conseil visant à renforcer la lutte contre la corruption d’agents publics étrangers dans les transactions commerciales internationales. Il a été adopté par le Groupe de travail de l'OCDE sur la corruption lors de sa réunion plénière du 5 au 8 mars 2024.
    DOI: 10.1787/3df3cde6-fr
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  • 68
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    Romania: Profilul Sănătății în 2023 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264813205
    Language: Romanian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Romania: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Romania
    Abstract: Acest profil oferă o imagine de ansamblu concisă și axată pe politici a stării de sănătate și a sistemului de sănătate din România, ca parte a seriei mai ample de profiluri de sănătate de țară din cadrul inițiativei "Starea de sănătate în UE". Acesta prezintă o analiză succintă care cuprinde următoarele aspecte-cheie: starea actuală a sănătății în România; factorii determinanți ai sănătății, cu accent pe factorii de risc comportamentali; organizarea sistemului de sănătate din România; și o evaluare a eficacității, accesibilității și rezilienței sistemului de sănătate. În plus, ediția 2023 prezintă o secțiune tematică privind starea sănătății mintale și a serviciilor asociate în România. Acest profil reprezintă efortul de colaborare al OCDE și al Observatorului European pentru Sisteme și Politici de Sănătate, realizat în cooperare cu Comisia Europeană.
    DOI: 10.1787/37ca855a-ro
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  • 69
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    Vers des indicateurs de l’intensité carbone des produits plus granulaires, plus précis et disponibles plus rapidement : Note exploratoire (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (48 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Towards more accurate, timely, and granular product-level carbon intensity metrics: A scoping note
    Keywords: Energy ; Environment ; Economics
    Abstract: La présente note exploratoire propose une vue d’ensemble, de haut niveau, des principales approches utilisées pour le calcul des indicateurs de l’intensité carbone au niveau des produits et des secteurs ainsi que des difficultés rencontrées, notamment en ce qui concerne la collecte et la vérification des informations dans l’ensemble de la chaîne logistique. Bien que l’analyse porte essentiellement sur les approches utilisées dans les secteurs à forte intensité d’émissions et exposés aux échanges commerciaux (FIEEEC), les conclusions peuvent aussi être plus largement pertinentes dans d’autres secteurs. Dans cette analyse, les difficultés liées au calcul des indicateurs de l’intensité carbone au niveau des secteurs seront prises en compte, en particulier eu égard au fait que ces indicateurs peuvent servir eux-mêmes à la construction des indicateurs au niveau des produits.
    DOI: 10.1787/4dd6c948-fr
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  • 70
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    Efektīvas strīdu izšķiršanas tiešsaistē attīstība Latvijā (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264710412 , 9789264489547 , 9789264940451
    Language: Latvian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (116 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Developing Effective Online Dispute Resolution in Latvia
    Keywords: Governance ; Latvia
    Abstract: Šajā ziņojumā novērtēts strīdu izšķiršanas tiešsaistē (ODR) izmantojums Latvijā. Tajā aplūkoti valsts centieni modernizēt tieslietu sistēmu un attīstīt strīdu izšķiršanas mehānismus, noteiktas jomas, kurās nepieciešami uzlabojumi saskaņā ar ESAO ODR sistēmu, un sniegti ODR piemērošanas piemēri citās valstīs. Novērtējumu papildina ESAO ODR regulējuma piemērošana trīs īpašiem prasību veidiem - vienkāršotām un brīdinājuma procedūrām, kā arī ar patērētāju tiesībām saistītām prasībām. Tajā sniegti ieteikumi, kā sekmīgi īstenot ODR Latvijā un kopumā modernizēt tieslietu nozari, lai nodrošinātu labāku tiesu pieejamību visiem.
    DOI: 10.1787/03bf2cc4-lv
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    Fiscal Sustainability of Health Systems : How to Finance More Resilient Health Systems When Money Is Tight? (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264913097 , 9789264394872 , 9789264379046
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (207 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Gesundheitsfinanzierung ; Gesundheitskosten ; Gesundheitswesen ; Finanzpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Finding sufficient funds to pay for more resilient health systems is challenging in the current economic context. COVID-19 has shown the need for additional targeted spending on public health interventions, the digital transformation of health systems, and bolstering the health workforce. Rising incomes, technological innovation and changing demographics put further upward pressure on health spending. This could result in health spending reaching 11.8% of GDP across OECD counties by 2040. This publication explores the policy options to finance more resilient health systems whilst maintaining fiscal sustainability. It finds that the scale of the additional health financing needs requires ambitious and transformative policy changes. Robust actions to encourage healthier populations and policies to reduce ineffective spending can put future health expenditure on a far gentler upward trajectory. These would enable spending to reach a more sustainable 10.6% of GDP in 2040. Better budgetary governance is critical. It improves how public funds for health are determined, executed and evaluated. Therefore, a focus of this report is on how good budgeting practices can increase the efficiency of current public spending, and also enable more ambitious policy changes in the medium to longer-term. Findings of this report are targeted at health and finance policy makers, with improved dialogue between health and finance ministries especially important when governments are operating in a constrained fiscal setting.
    DOI: 10.1787/880f3195-en
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    Return, Reintegration and Re-migration : Understanding Return Dynamics and the Role of Family and Community (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264825420 , 9789264577473 , 9789264378490
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (86 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Rückwanderung ; Familie ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Return migration has emerged as a critical policy concern for both destination and origin countries. While policy attention in destination countries has been focused on assisted voluntary return and reintegration (AVRR) programs, particularly for migrants with expulsion orders, these efforts represent only a fraction of broader return movements. This report, based on a project carried out by the OECD with support from the German Corporation for International Co-operation (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit GmbH – GIZ), commissioned by the Federal Ministry for Economic Co-operation and Development, analyses the scope and characteristics of different categories of return migration. The report draws on three workshops, held in Tunis, Rabat and Brussels, that discussed return migration in different contexts. It examines the multiple factors that influence migrants' decisions to return to their countries of origin and their reintegration at home, including the role of family and community. The report emphasises the pre-existing structures and networks of returning migrants in origin countries and their role in supporting different types of return migrants. The report also looks at potential re-migration.
    DOI: 10.1787/625fb5e6-en
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  • 73
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    Sverige: Landprofil hälsa 2023 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264477179
    Language: Swedish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Sweden: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Sweden
    Abstract: Denna profil ger en kortfattad och policyfokuserad översikt över hälsotillståndet och hälso- och sjukvårdssystemet i Sverige, som en del av den bredare serien av landshälsoprofiler från initiativet State of Health in the EU. Den presenterar en kortfattad analys som omfattar följande viktiga aspekter: det nuvarande hälsotillståndet i Sverige; hälsans bestämningsfaktorer, med fokus på beteendemässiga riskfaktorer; organisationen av det svenska hälso- och sjukvårdssystemet; och en utvärdering av hälso- och sjukvårdssystemets effektivitet, tillgänglighet och resiliens. Dessutom innehåller 2023 års utgåva ett tematiskt avsnitt om läget för psykisk hälsa och tillhörande tjänster i Sverige. Denna profil är ett samarbete mellan OECD och European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, som genomförs i samarbete med Europeiska kommissionen.
    DOI: 10.1787/7a6a9fc5-sv
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    Fostering Catastrophe Bond Markets in Asia and the Pacific (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264407848 , 9789264352001 , 9789264803077
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (138 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: The Development Dimension
    Keywords: Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Development ; Economics
    Abstract: As climate change increases exposure to natural disasters, countries need new solutions to mitigate risks of natural hazards. For many in Asia and the Pacific, mobilising existing resources is not enough: they need to consider a grand design of disaster risk financing strategies. Catastrophe bonds (CAT bonds) can be an effective, market-based financing tool for the region. While the global CAT bond market has grown steadily since the 1990s, it remains weakly developed in Asia and the Pacific. Its successful development there requires robust purpose-built legal frameworks; developed general bond markets, especially in local currency; appropriate capacity building; and data-driven pricing models. This report explores each of these conditions along with policy suggestions for fostering them, and discusses the development of multi-country CAT bonds in Asia and the Pacific.
    DOI: 10.1787/ab1e49ef-en
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    OECD Services Trade Restrictiveness Index : Policy Trends up to 2024 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264535053 , 9789264910126 , 9789264646476
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (61 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Trade
    Abstract: This report highlights key policy developments up to 2024 and the latest trends affecting services trade and digital trade. It also indicates best practices and the countries that lead in services reforms. The OECD Services Trade Restrictiveness Index (STRI) provides annually updated, comparable information on regulations affecting trade in services across 50 countries and 22 sectors from 2014 to 2024. The OECD’s quantification of services regimes across countries and over time seeks to inform the decisions of policy makers and regulators, to convey transparent and accessible information to exporters, and to provide a source of data for academic research on drivers and impediments to services trade.
    DOI: 10.1787/b9e5c870-en
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  • 76
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    Steuerliche Herausforderungen der Digitalisierung der Wirtschaft – Kommentar zu den GloBE-Mustervorschriften (Säule 2), 1. Ausgabe : Inclusive Framework on BEPS (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264666061
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (280 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Projekt Gewinnverkürzung und Gewinnverlagerung
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Tax Challenges Arising from the Digitalisation of the Economy – Commentary to the Global Anti-Base Erosion Model Rules (Pillar Two), First Edition: Inclusive Framework on BEPS
    Keywords: Taxation
    Abstract: Ein entscheidender Aspekt des BEPS-Projekts von OECD und G20 sind die steuerlichen Herausforderungen der Digitalisierung der Wirtschaft. Im Oktober 2021 einigten sich über 135 Staaten und Gebiete auf ein bahnbrechendes Konzept zur Überarbeitung wesentlicher Elemente des internationalen Steuersystems, da dieses System den Anforderungen einer globalisierten und digitalisierten Wirtschaft nicht mehr gerecht wurde. Die Global Anti-Base Erosion Rules bzw. GloBE-Vorschriften spielen dabei eine zentrale Rolle. Sie gewährleisten eine Mindestbesteuerung der Gewinne großer multinationaler Unternehmen – ganz gleich, wo diese Unternehmen tätig sind und ihre Gewinne erwirtschaften. Die GloBE-Vorschriften ermöglichen die Schaffung eines koordinierten Steuersystems, das die Erhebung einer Ergänzungssteuer vorsieht. Diese Ergänzungssteuer ist auf die in einem Steuerhoheitsgebiet erzielten Gewinne zu entrichten, wenn der (auf Gebietsebene ermittelte) effektive Steuersatz in diesem Steuerhoheitsgebiet unter dem Mindeststeuersatz liegt. Dieser Kommentar zu den GloBE-Vorschriften soll Steuerverwaltungen und Steuerpflichtigen Orientierungshilfen bei der Auslegung und Anwendung der Vorschriften geben. Damit fördert er eine einheitliche, kohärente Interpretation der GloBE-Vorschriften, die abgestimmte Besteuerungsergebnisse ermöglicht, wovon Steuerverwaltungen und Steuerpflichtige gleichermaßen profitieren. Der Kommentar erläutert, auf welche Ergebnisse die GloBE-Vorschriften abzielen, und erklärt die Bedeutung bestimmter Begriffe. Zudem veranschaulicht er die Anwendung der Vorschriften auf bestimmte Sachverhalte.
    DOI: 10.1787/fa25ee1e-de
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    A Roadmap towards Circular Economy of Albania (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264585218 , 9789264443174 , 9789264796232
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (132 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Environment ; Albania
    Abstract: This roadmap aims to assist the Albanian government in establishing robust policy foundations for a successful circular economy transition. As an EU candidate country, Albania has committed to align with European climate objectives by endorsing the Sofia Declaration on the Green Agenda for the Western Balkans, with the circular economy transition being its key component. Recognising the prominent role of this transition in both national and regional development and proactively addressing the challenges posed by increasing climate change vulnerabilities, reliance on imported raw materials and increased waste, Albania is now poised for a strategic framework followed by concrete actions to embark on this transformative journey. Informed by a comprehensive diagnostic of Albania’s circular economy landscape, the roadmap strategically integrates existing policy initiatives, fostering synergies across sectors, measures and actors involved in this transformation. Highlighting three key areas where circular economy policies can have a significant impact in Albania – economic instruments, circular business models for SMEs and targeted solutions for plastics, with a focus on marine litter – the roadmap unveils 35 policy recommendations. These recommendations, supported by a monitoring framework, should serve as a cornerstone for propelling Albania towards a more sustainable and circular future.
    DOI: 10.1787/8c970fdc-en
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    Le salaire vital en pratique (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (8 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Les synthèses de l’OCDE sur le bien-être, l’inclusion et l’égalité des chances no.8
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Living wages in practice
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Alors que le coût de la vie augmente, que les écarts de salaires s’intensifient et que la pauvreté des travailleurs est un problème généralisé, le concept de salaire vital a connu un regain de popularité. Cette synthèse présente et contextualise le concept de salaire vital. Elle met également en évidence les hypothèses et les critères de mesure clés qui sous-tendent le calcul d'un salaire vital et appelle à plus de clarté et de cohérence dans les méthodologies existantes.
    DOI: 10.1787/f670a5a1-fr
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  • 79
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    Cartographie des efforts des secteurs public et privé pour assurer une transition juste (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (11 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Les synthèses de l’OCDE sur le bien-être, l’inclusion et l’égalité des chances no.9
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Unpacking public and private efforts on just transition
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: De plus en plus, l’accent est mis sur les risques auxquels les individus, les entreprises et les pouvoirs publics sont confrontés (qui, par exemple, affectent leur bien-être ainsi que leurs conditions matérielles ou leur situation financière fondamentale) et sur les dommages qui se manifestent. On constate néanmoins une certaine hétérogénéité dans la manière dont les pays et les entreprises structurent et déploient leurs efforts, négligeant parfois de fixer des objectifs communs ou harmonisés ou d’établir des indicateurs cohérents permettant d’évaluer leur impact sur l’environnement et la société. L’établissement d’une sémantique commune sur le concept de transition juste et une solide compréhension de ses activités par les pouvoirs publics et les entreprises permettraient d'évaluer l'ampleur du problème. Cette synthèse donne un aperçu de certaines pratiques positives afin d'encourager d'autres à se lancer et fournit un point de référence pour mesurer les actions futures.
    DOI: 10.1787/79ff43a3-fr
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  • 80
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    Promoting Better Career Choices for Longer Working Lives : Stepping Up Not Stepping Out (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264804012 , 9789264331136 , 9789264636958
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (146 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The transition towards a green economy, the rapid development of new digital technologies and cultural change are some of the forces disrupting traditional career paths, resulting in more fluid and diversified career trajectories. To benefit from increased longevity, workers will increasingly have to consider job mobility at middle and older ages, changing jobs or careers more frequently than in the past. Making successful career transitions, however, tends to be more difficult for workers at older ages due to health issues, unfamiliarity with relevant technology or a lack of recent job search experience. This may result in a mismatch between the types of jobs they want and the jobs that employers may provide. This report presents evidence on recent trends in career mobility and the consequences for individual workers in terms of pay and other job characteristics. It identifies key employer and public policies that can help facilitate career mobility that results in better employment choices at older ages. This requires overcoming discriminatory views towards older workers, improving job flexibility choices and ensuring that government policy supports voluntary career mobility.
    DOI: 10.1787/1ef9a0d0-en
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  • 81
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    Prospettive economiche dell'OCSE, Rapporto intermedio, febbraio 2024 : Consolidare le basi della crescita (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264377288 , 9789264774292 , 9789264324275
    Language: Italian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (25 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Perspectives économiques de l'OCDE, Rapport intermédiaire, février 2024 : Consolider les fondements de la croissance
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Economic Outlook, Interim Report February 2024: Strengthening the Foundations for Growth
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: L'economia mondiale ha dimostrato di essere resiliente nel 2023, ma alcuni segnali lasciano intravedere una riduzione della crescita, sulla scia degli effetti dell'inasprimento monetario che iniziano a farsi sentire. Si prevede che la crescita globale rimarrà contenuta nel 2024 e nel 2025, con l'inflazione che tornerà all'obiettivo nella maggior parte dei Paesi entro il 2025. I principali rischi a breve termine sono rappresentati dalle tensioni geopolitiche, soprattutto se il conflitto in Medio Oriente dovesse portare a interruzioni nei mercati dell'energia, e dalle incertezze sull'entità dell'impatto a lungo termine dell'aumento dei tassi di interesse. Secondo il presente Rapporto intermedio la politica monetaria dovrebbe rimanere prudente per garantire che l'inflazione ritorni in modo sostenibile all'obiettivo, sebbene i tassi di riferimento possano essere abbassati man mano che l'inflazione cala. I governi devono adoperarsi per garantire la sostenibilità di bilancio, anche adottando misure per ridurre le future pressioni sulla spesa. Occorrono riforme strutturali per rafforzare le basi di una crescita sostenibile, concentrandosi in via prioritaria sull'accelerazione della decarbonizzazione, sul rilancio del commercio globale e sul potenziamento dei risultati scolastici. Il Rapporto intermedio fornisce un aggiornamento delle valutazioni riportate nelle Prospettive economiche dell'OCSE, Volume 2023, Numero 2 (n. 114).
    DOI: 10.1787/fd79beca-it
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  • 82
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    Financing sustainable development in the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States : A transition finance diagnostic (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (80 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Development Co-operation Working Papers no.115
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: This paper gives an overview of all development finance sources available to countries of the Organisation of Eastern-Caribbean States (OECS) for enhancing their economic and climate resilience, and progress towards their Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). After reviewing political and macroeconomic contexts, it examines some of the specific challenges and opportunities they meet in financing their development, including the mobilisation of private finance and domestic resources; public debt sustainability; and the alignment of official development finance (ODF) with their evolving needs. It stresses the risks of inadequately preparing for the end of eligibility to official development assistance (ODA), when countries reach high-income status while remaining highly vulnerable. Finally, it presents recommendations for the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) members to better support and accompany OECS countries as they transition to higher-income status.
    DOI: 10.1787/62a4deae-en
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  • 83
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    Nature-based solutions for flood management in Asia and the Pacific (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (49 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.351
    Keywords: Environment ; Development ; Bangladesh ; Bhutan ; Brunei Darussalam ; Cambodia ; China, People’s Republic ; Fiji ; India ; Indonesia ; Lao People's Democratic Republic ; Malaysia ; Myanmar ; Nepal ; Pakistan ; Philippines ; Singapore ; Sri Lanka ; Tajikistan ; Thailand ; Viet Nam
    Abstract: Countries in Asia and the Pacific face a heightened risk of flooding as disasters increase worldwide due to climate change. Yet these countries often lack the infrastructure necessary to prepare for and respond to floods effectively. When flood protection measures exist, they generally rely only on grey, hard-engineered infrastructure, which has been increasingly challenged in recent years. Nature-based solutions (NbS) offer a new approach for flood management, with several co-benefits beyond the reduction of risks. This approach has gained recognition from policy makers in the region, but they are confronted with a number of challenges, including the lack of a clear, common definition and guidelines, as well as financing issues. The growing imperatives of climate adaptation call for complementary, innovative and forward-looking solutions, such as a combined approach incorporating both NbS and grey infrastructure.
    DOI: 10.1787/f4c7bcbe-en
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  • 84
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    The design of presumptive tax regimes in selected countries (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (135 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Taxation Working Papers no.69
    Keywords: Taxation ; Argentina ; Brazil ; Colombia ; Costa Rica ; France ; Hungary ; Italy ; Mexico ; South Africa ; Tunisia ; Uruguay
    Abstract: Presumptive tax regimes (also known as simplified tax regimes) intend to reduce tax compliance costs for micro and small businesses (and enforcement costs for the tax administration) while levying a lower tax burden as compared to the standard tax system. This working paper compiles detailed information on the presumptive tax regimes existing in a selection of OECD and non-OECD countries, identifies common practices adopted across the countries examined and provides multiple examples of best practices observed in these regimes. These examples can serve as guidance to policy makers and tax administrations to strengthen particular features of the presumptive tax regimes implemented in their jurisdictions. Lastly, the paper highlights the main challenges generally observed in the presumptive tax regimes under study, which might undermine the role of these regimes in incentivising business formalisation and strengthening tax compliance over time.
    DOI: 10.1787/58b6103c-en
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  • 85
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    Culture et développement local : améliorer l’impact : Guide pour les gouvernements locaux, les communautés et les musées (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (97 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Papers no.2019/07
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 文化と地域発展： 最大限の成果を求めて 地方政府、 コミュニティ、ミュージアム: 向けのガイド
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 문화와 지역발전: 영향 극대화: 지방자치단체와 공동체, 박물관을 위한 지침서
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Cultura e sviluppo locale: massimizzare l'impatto: Una guida per le amministrazioni locali, le comunità y e i musei
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe KULTURA W ROZWOJU LOKALNYM: PRZEWODNIK DLA SAMORZĄDÓW LOKALNYCH, SPOŁECZNOŚCI I MUZEÓW
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Cultura e desenvolvimento local: maximizando o impacto: Um guia para governos locais, comunidades e museus
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Cultura y desarollo local: maximizar el impacto : Una guía para gobiernos locales, comunidades y museos
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Culture and local development: maximising the impact: A guide for local governments, communities and museums
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Πολιτισμός και τοπική ανάπτυξη: EΝΑΣ ΟΔΗΓΟΣ ΓΙΑ ΤΟΥΣ ΦΟΡΕΙΣ ΤΗΣ ΤΟΠΙΚΗΣΑΥΤΟΔΙΟΙΚΗΣΗΣ, ΤΙΣ ΚΟΙΝOΤΗΤΕΣ ΚΑΙ ΤΑ ΜΟΥΣΕIΑ
    Keywords: Industry and Services
    Abstract: Ce guide fournit une feuille de route aux gouvernements locaux, aux communautés et aux musées sur la manière de définir ensemble un programme de développement local. Il prend en compte cinq dimensions : Exploiter le pouvoir des musées en faveur du développement économique local ; 2. S’appuyer sur le rôle des musées pour la réhabilitation urbaine et le développement de la communauté ; 3. Créer des sociétés ouvertes à la culture et créatives ; 4. Faire des musées des espaces d’inclusion, de santé et de bien-être ; 5. Placer les musées au cœur du développement local.
    DOI: 10.1787/225d30d4-fr
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  • 86
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    文化と地域発展： 最大限の成果を求めて 地方政府、 コミュニティ、ミュージアム : 向けのガイド (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: Japanese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 문화와 지역발전: 영향 극대화: 지방자치단체와 공동체, 박물관을 위한 지침서
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Cultura e sviluppo locale: massimizzare l'impatto: Una guida per le amministrazioni locali, le comunità y e i musei
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe KULTURA W ROZWOJU LOKALNYM: PRZEWODNIK DLA SAMORZĄDÓW LOKALNYCH, SPOŁECZNOŚCI I MUZEÓW
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Cultura e desenvolvimento local: maximizando o impacto: Um guia para governos locais, comunidades e museus
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Cultura y desarollo local: maximizar el impacto : Una guía para gobiernos locales, comunidades y museos
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Culture and local development: maximising the impact: A guide for local governments, communities and museums
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Culture et développement local : améliorer l’impact : Guide pour les gouvernements locaux, les communautés et les musées
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Πολιτισμός και τοπική ανάπτυξη: EΝΑΣ ΟΔΗΓΟΣ ΓΙΑ ΤΟΥΣ ΦΟΡΕΙΣ ΤΗΣ ΤΟΠΙΚΗΣΑΥΤΟΔΙΟΙΚΗΣΗΣ, ΤΙΣ ΚΟΙΝOΤΗΤΕΣ ΚΑΙ ΤΑ ΜΟΥΣΕIΑ
    Keywords: Industry and Services
    Abstract: 本ガイドは、地方自治体、地域社会、そしてミュージアムが、どのようにして地域開発アジェンダを共に定義していくかについて、ロードマップを提供するものである。以下の5つの側面について考察している： １ ．地域の経済発展のためにミュージアムの力を活用する。 ２ ．都市の再生と地域社会の発展におけるミュージアムの役割を確立する。 ３ ．文化を意識し創造的な社会を促進する。 ４ ．包摂、健康と幸福の場としてのミュージアムを推進する。 ５ ．地域発展にミュージアムの役割を位置づける。
    DOI: 10.1787/bd0b6074-ja
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  • 87
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    Reforma învățământului preuniversitar în România : Consolidarea sistemelor de conducere, de evaluare și de sprijin (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: Romanian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (140 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Reforming school education in Romania: Strengthening governance, evaluation and support systems
    Keywords: Education ; Romania
    Abstract: Romania’s education system is at a turning point. In 2023, the government passed a new law on school education that sets out significant changes to how schooling is provided, governed and resourced. These changes come at a critical time for the country’s development. While Romania is one of Europe’s fastest-growing economies, its education outcomes remain among the lowest in the European Union. The measures in the new law are crucial for ensuring quality education, fostering economic growth and enhancing inclusivity. This policy perspective offers recommendations on how to take forward planned reforms. It focuses on four specific sets of policies that will be instrumental in improving school quality and equity: school evaluation and support; resources for education; the teaching profession; and the data and monitoring system. At the centre of these are proposals to make teaching a highly skilled and rewarding profession by better connecting performance, promotion and pay, and progressively strengthening schools’ pedagogical leadership through developmental school evaluations and support. At a strategic level, Romania will need a step change in how education policies are funded and evaluated. This implies more strategic planning and budgeting to align resources with long-term policy priorities, and much-expanded analytical capacities to monitor and evaluate implementation and outcomes and hold institutions accountable.
    DOI: 10.1787/943c9230-ro
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  • 88
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    Les faits sans le faux : Lutter contre la désinformation, renforcer l’intégrité de l’information (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264520431 , 9789264505070 , 9789264349889
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (163 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Facts not Fakes: Tackling Disinformation, Strengthening Information Integrity
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Hechos frente a falsedades: Fortaleciendo la democracia a través de la integridad de la información
    Keywords: Education ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: La prolifération de la désinformation a des conséquences considérables dans de multiples domaines de l’action publique, allant de la santé publique à la sécurité nationale. La désinformation peut jeter le doute sur des faits avérés, compromettre la mise en œuvre des politiques publiques et ébranler la confiance des citoyens dans l'intégrité des institutions démocratiques. Ce rapport étudie comment répondre à ces défis et renforcer la démocratie. Il présente un cadre d’action pour guider les pays dans l'élaboration de politiques publiques dédiées au renforcement de l'intégrité de l'information, en examinant trois dimensions complémentaires : la mise en œuvre de politiques pour renforcer la transparence, la responsabilité et la pluralité des sources d'information ; le renforcement de la résilience de la société face à la désinformation ; et l'amélioration des mesures de gouvernance et des capacités des institutions publiques pour assurer l'intégrité de l'espace informationnel.
    DOI: 10.1787/4078bb32-fr
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  • 89
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    Tendances de l’OCDE sur la concurrence 2024 (version abrégée) (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264860599 , 9789264343207 , 9789264899186
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Competition Trends 2024
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: L'édition 2024 du rapport "Tendances de la concurrence de l'OCDE" met en lumière les tendances mondiales en matière d'application des règles de concurrence au cours de l'année 2022, sur la base de 77 juridictions. Comme pour les éditions précédentes, le rapport de cette année compare différentes régions géographiques et identifie des tendances au cours du temps. Les analyses se concentrent sur les ressources des autorités de la concurrence, les ententes, les abus de position dominante, les concentrations et la promotion de la concurrence. En outre, l'édition de cette année comprend un chapitre spécial sur le contrôle des concentrations, qui fournit pour la première fois, une analyse décomposée par juridiction participante. Le rapport contient également une analyse de toutes les décisions d’interdiction d’opérations de concentrations entre 2015 et 2022. La version intégrale du rapport est disponible en anglais sur le site de l’OCDE.
    DOI: 10.1787/83258053-fr
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  • 90
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    OESO-richtlijnen voor multinationale ondernemingen inzake maatschappelijk verantwoord ondernemen (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264809703
    Language: Dutch
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (89 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Diretrizes da OCDE para Empresas Multinacionais sobre Conduta Empresarial Responsável
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises on Responsible Business Conduct
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Líneas Directrices de la OCDE para Empresas Multinacionales sobre Conducta Empresarial Responsable
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Çok Uluslu Şirketler için Sorumlu İş Yönetimine ilişkin OECD Rehberi
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 经合组织跨国企业负责任商业行为准则
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Wytyczne OECD dla przedsiębiorstw wielonarodowych dotyczące odpowiedzialnego prowadzenia działalności biznesowej
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Principes directeurs de l’OCDE à l’intention des entreprises multinationales sur la conduite responsable des entreprises
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD-Leitsätze für multinationale Unternehmen zu verantwortungsvollem unternehmerischem Handeln
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: De OESO-richtlijnen voor multinationale ondernemingen inzake maatschappelijk verantwoord ondernemen zijn aanbevelingen van regeringen aan multinationale ondernemingen. Zij hebben tot doel de positieve bijdrage die ondernemingen kunnen leveren aan de economische, ecologische en sociale vooruitgang aan te moedigen en negatieve gevolgen die verband kunnen houden met hun activiteiten, producten en diensten tot een minimum te beperken. De Richtlijnen bestrijken alle belangrijke gebieden van bedrijfsverantwoordelijkheid, waaronder mensenrechten, arbeidsrechten, milieu, omkoping, consumentenbelangen, openbaarmaking, wetenschap en technologie, mededinging en belastingen. Editie 2023 van de Richtlijnen bevat geactualiseerde aanbevelingen voor maatschappelijk verantwoord ondernemen op belangrijke gebieden, zoals klimaatverandering, biodiversiteit, technologie, bedrijfsintegriteit en gepaste zorgvuldigheid in toeleveringsketen, alsook geactualiseerde uitvoeringsprocedures voor de Nationale Contactpunten voor maatschappelijk verantwoord ondernemen.
    DOI: 10.1787/f3667ab4-nl
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  • 91
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    Building a Skilled Cyber Security Workforce in Europe : Insights from France, Germany and Poland (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264478763 , 9789264872738 , 9789264489943
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (117 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Keywords: Datensicherheit ; Bildungspolitik ; Qualifikation ; IT-Kriminalität ; Frankreich ; Deutschland ; Polen ; Education ; Employment ; Science and Technology ; France ; Germany ; Poland
    Abstract: In an increasingly digital world, the significance of cyber security for individuals, businesses, and governments has never been greater. Rising cyber attacks are challenging current defence and operational capabilities, highlighting a critical shortage of skilled cyber security professionals. This report delves into the demand for cyber security expertise by analysing online job postings in France, Germany and Poland in between 2018 and 2023. It examines trends in the demand for cyber security professionals, the geographical distribution of job opportunities, and the changing skill requirements in this field. Focusing on France, the report also explores cyber security education and training programmes, the characteristics of the programmes, the demographics of enrolled learners, and their outcomes. Additionally, it reviews French policies and initiatives aimed at broadening the cyber security workforce and enhancing educational opportunities in this field. This comprehensive analysis is part of a larger effort to understand the evolving landscape of cyber security policies and professional experiences worldwide.
    DOI: 10.1787/3673cd60-en
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  • 92
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    Česko: zdravotní profil země 2023 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264439276
    Language: Czech
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Czechia: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Czechia
    Abstract: Tento profil poskytuje stručný a politicky zaměřený přehled o zdravotním stavu a systému zdravotní péče v Česku, který je součástí širší série zdravotních profilů zemí v rámci iniciativy Stav zdraví v EU. Představuje stručnou analýzu zahrnující následující klíčové aspekty: současný zdravotní stav v Česku, determinanty zdraví se zaměřením na rizikové faktory chování, organizaci českého zdravotnického systému a hodnocení účinnosti, dostupnosti a odolnosti zdravotnického systému. Vydání pro rok 2023 navíc přináší tematickou část věnovanou stavu duševního zdraví a souvisejících služeb v Česku. Tento profil vznikl ve spolupráci OECD a Evropské observatoře zdravotnických systémů a politik ve spolupráci s Evropskou komisí.
    DOI: 10.1787/c0c44f04-cs
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  • 93
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    Polska: Profil systemu ochrony zdrowia 2023 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264769946
    Language: Polish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Poland: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Poland
    Abstract: Niniejszy profil stanowi zwięzły i ukierunkowany na politykę przegląd stanu zdrowia i systemu opieki zdrowotnej w Polsce, będący częścią szerszej serii krajowych profili zdrowotnych w ramach inicjatywy State of Health in the EU. Przedstawiono w nim zwięzłą analizę obejmującą następujące kluczowe aspekty: obecny stan zdrowia w Polsce; uwarunkowania zdrowia, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem behawioralnych czynników ryzyka; organizację polskiego systemu opieki zdrowotnej; oraz ocenę skuteczności, dostępności i odporności systemu opieki zdrowotnej. Ponadto edycja 2023 zawiera sekcję tematyczną dotyczącą stanu zdrowia psychicznego i powiązanych z nim usług w Polsce. Niniejszy profil jest wspólnym wysiłkiem OECD i Europejskiego Obserwatorium Polityki i Systemów Opieki Zdrowotnej, realizowanym we współpracy z Komisją Europejską.
    DOI: 10.1787/b12d3d03-pl
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  • 94
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    Sustainable Investment Policy Perspectives in the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264830257 , 9789264594883 , 9789264520448
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (105 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Perspectives des politiques de l’investissement durable dans les pays de la communauté économique des états de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (CEDEAO)
    Keywords: Auslandsinvestition ; Nachhaltige Kapitalanlage ; ECOWAS-Staaten ; Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The Economic Community of Western African States (ECOWAS) offers a large and diverse market of over 400 million people and natural resource wealth, and yet it is not currently living up to its potential as a destination for international investment. Inflows of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the region have been declining over time, and have not always delivered on promoting sustainable development. This report serves as a baseline diagnostic to explore ways to reinvigorate the reform of the ECOWAS investment climate while also improving sustainable outcomes from investment. It also highlights areas where further collaboration between ECOWAS and the OECD could contribute to improved investment climates throughout the region. Building upon the OECD Policy Framework for Investment and the FDI Qualities Policy Toolkit, the report covers the national regulatory framework encapsulated in national investment laws and how this compares with initiatives at a regional level, investment promotion and facilitation, investment incentives, investment for green growth and responsible business conduct.
    DOI: 10.1787/654e2de5-en
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  • 95
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    Suomi: Maan terveysprofiili 2023 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264317017
    Language: Finnish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Finland: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Finland
    Abstract: Tässä profiilissa esitetään tiivis ja politiikkaan keskittyvä yleiskatsaus Suomen terveydentilaan ja terveydenhuoltojärjestelmään osana laajempaa State of Health in the EU -aloitteen maakohtaisten terveysprofiilien sarjaa. Siinä esitetään tiivis analyysi, joka kattaa seuraavat keskeiset näkökohdat: Suomen nykyinen terveydentila, terveyden taustatekijät, erityisesti käyttäytymiseen liittyvät riskitekijät, Suomen terveydenhuoltojärjestelmän organisaatio sekä arviointi terveydenhuoltojärjestelmän tehokkuudesta, saatavuudesta ja joustavuudesta. Lisäksi vuoden 2023 painoksessa esitetään temaattinen osio mielenterveyden ja siihen liittyvien palvelujen tilasta Suomessa. Tämä profiili on OECD:n ja Euroopan terveydenhuoltojärjestelmien ja -politiikkojen seurantakeskuksen yhteistyössä Euroopan komission kanssa toteuttama yhteistyöhanke.
    DOI: 10.1787/dcbda54d-fi
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  • 96
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    Perspectives des politiques de l’investissement durable dans les pays de la communauté économique des états de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (CEDEAO) (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264336605 , 9789264914346 , 9789264376571
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Sustainable Investment Policy Perspectives in the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: La Communauté économique des États de l’Afrique de l’Ouest (CEDEAO) offre un marché aussi vaste que diversifié de plus de 400 millions d’habitants, richement doté en ressources naturelles, qui pourtant ne tire pas actuellement pleinement avantage de son potentiel en tant que destination de l’investissement international. Les afflux d’investissement direct étranger (IDE) dans la région ont diminué avec le temps, et n’ont pas toujours tenu leurs promesses en termes de promotion du développement durable. Le présent rapport pose un diagnostic de départ pour pouvoir amorcer une exploration des moyens de redynamiser l’effort de réforme des conditions d’investissement dans les pays de la CEDEAO, tout en améliorant les résultats produits par l’investissement sur le plan du développement durable. Il recense également les domaines dans lesquels le renforcement de la collaboration entre la CEDEAO et l’OCDE pourrait contribuer à l’amélioration des conditions d’investissement dans l’ensemble de la région. À partir du Cadre d’action de l’OCDE pour l’investissement et de la Boîte à outils des politiques relatives aux qualités de l’IDE, le rapport couvre le cadre réglementaire national qui sous-tend la législation nationale sur l’investissement et l’articulation entre ce cadre et les initiatives engagées au niveau régional, la promotion et la facilitation de l’investissement, les incitations à l’investissement, l’investissement pour une croissance verte, et enfin la conduite responsable des entreprises.
    DOI: 10.1787/917e8392-fr
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  • 97
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    България: Здравен профил за страната 2023 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264717800
    Language: Bulgarian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Bulgaria: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Bulgaria
    Abstract: Tози профил предоставя кратък и ориентиран към политиката преглед на състоянието на здравето и системата на здравеопазването в България, като част от по-широката поредица здравни профили на страните от инициативата "Състояние на здравето в ЕС". В него е представен кратък анализ, обхващащ следните ключови аспекти: текущото състояние на здравето в България; детерминантите на здравето, с акцент върху поведенческите рискови фактори; организацията на българската система на здравеопазване; и оценка на ефективността, достъпността и устойчивостта на здравната система. Освен това в изданието за 2023 г. е представен тематичен раздел за състоянието на психичното здраве и свързаните с него услуги в България. Този профил е резултат от съвместните усилия на ОИСР и Европейската обсерватория за здравни системи и политики, осъществени в сътрудничество с Европейската комисия.
    DOI: 10.1787/12bffa71-bg
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  • 98
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    Reaching Climate Neutrality for the Hamburg Economy by 2040 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264613249 , 9789264719736 , 9789264485068
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (210 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Regional Development Studies
    Keywords: Klimaneutralität ; Klimapolitik ; Hamburg ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Energy ; Industry and Services ; Environment ; Germany
    Abstract: Reaching climate neutrality requires economic transformations of unprecedented scale and speed. Immediate action from the business community can avoid unnecessary costs, create wellbeing co-benefits and prepare local businesses with a better competitive position in the future climate neutral economy. This report shows what reaching climate neutrality by 2040 means for Hamburg businesses and identifies key actions they need to undertake. It provides insights where the Hamburg economy and its businesses stand on the way to climate neutrality and on their needs to advance, drawing on a business survey. The study also shares insights from action plans of selected comparison cities. It points to cross-sector as well as to sector-specific challenges and opportunities for Hamburg businesses. This includes making better use of low-cost renewables, addressing energy efficiency in buildings as well as challenges and opportunities in activities in and around the port and in industry. It highlights Hamburg's potential as a hydrogen hub as well as the need to adopt circular economy practices. It illustrates that a regional and business perspective are necessary to achieve climate neutrality in prosperity, requiring individual and collective business action.
    DOI: 10.1787/e1e44672-en
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  • 99
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    Посібник ОЕСР з публічної доброчесності (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264872363 , 9789264952157 , 9789264944343
    Language: Ukrainian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (250 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Public Integrity Handbook
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Manual de Integridade Pública da OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD-Handbuch Integrität im öffentlichen Leben
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD دليل النزاهة في القطاع العام
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Manual de la OCDE sobre Integridad Pública
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Manuel de l’OCDE sur l’intégrité publique
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Посібник ОЕСР з публічної доброчесності містить рекомендації для урядів, бізнесу та громадянського суспільства щодо впровадження Рекомендації ОЕСР з публічної доброчесності. Посібник роз'яснює, що означають тринадцять принципів Рекомендації на практиці, та визначає виклики, пов'язані з їх реалізацією. Посібник містить рекомендації щодо покращення співпраці всередині уряду, а також між національним та субнаціональним рівнями. Для розбудови культури доброчесності в уряді та суспільстві Посібник детально описує основні елементи системи управління людськими ресурсами на основі заслуг та ключові складові відкритої організаційної культури. Він також роз'яснює роль уряду в наданні рекомендацій компаніям, громадянському суспільству та громадянам щодо підтримання публічних цінностей доброчесності. Крім того, Посібник розкриває, як використовувати процес управління ризиками для оцінки та управління ризиками для доброчесності, а також висвітлює, як використовувати систему правозастосування для забезпечення реальної відповідальності за порушення принципів доброчесності.
    DOI: 10.1787/5b2fe28c-uk
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  • 100
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    Securing Medical Supply Chains in a Post-Pandemic World (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264831957 , 9789264431683 , 9789264897106
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (145 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Trade
    Abstract: Secure medical supply chains are a cornerstone of resilient health systems. Medical supply chains are complex and internationalised, often involving many suppliers. The COVID-19 pandemic, which combined an unprecedented surge in demand with interruptions in supply and trade, exacerbated pre-existing, rising shortages of essential medicines, such as antibiotics and anaesthetics, and generated shortages of medical devices, such as face masks and respirators. This report offers insights into the risks and vulnerabilities of the supply chains of medicines and medical devices. Policy options to anticipate and mitigate risks of shortages of medicines and medical devices, both routinely and in the context of severe crises, are analysed. Most importantly, the report shows that strengthening the long-term resilience of medical supply chains requires collaborative approaches that balance measures best undertaken by the private sector with those more appropriately managed by governments or supranationally.
    DOI: 10.1787/119c59d9-en
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