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  • 2010-2014  (35)
  • OECD International Transport Forum  (35)
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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Implementing Congestion Charges (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282102855
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Serie: ITF Round Tables no.147
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Mettre en œuvre la tarification de la congestion
    RVK:
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    Schlagwort(e): Transport ; Straßenbenutzungsgebühr
    Kurzfassung: Recent advances in the scientific understanding of urban traffic congestion have only strengthened the already solid case for congestion charges as an element of a successful urban transport policy. But examples of real-world congestion charging systems remain few and far between. What can be done to improve the chances of their more widespread adoption in practice? This report draws lessons from attempts to introduce congestion charges. Technology is not an obstacle, and technologies should serve policy purposes instead of define them. Charging systems are not cheap and thus should only be used where congestion is severe. Public acceptance is seen to be the key to successful implementation. Although environmental benefits and careful deployment of toll revenues may improve acceptance, a charging system should never lose sight of its principal aim, which is to reduce congestion.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282102855-en
    URL: Volltext
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    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Stimulating Low-Carbon Vehicle Technologies (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282102978
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (164 p.)
    Serie: ITF Round Tables no.148
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Stimuler les technologies pour les véhicules à faibles émissions de carbone
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    Schlagwort(e): Transport ; Kraftfahrzeug ; Kohlendioxidbelastung
    Kurzfassung: Governments around the world are increasingly intervening in automobile markets to improve fuel economy and reduce emissions of CO2 from new vehicles. This report reviews the rationale for such intervention and examines measures for maximum effectiveness and minimum cost. The Round Table brought together economists, policy makers and auto engineers with the aim of advancing understanding of why car markets currently fail to deliver sufficient fuel economy. It started by questioning whether any additional measures would be necessary once an appropriate price for carbon dioxide is established via fuel taxes. It confirmed that there are indeed market imperfections that merit additional government intervention. Fuel economy and CO2 regulations are an essential part of the package. The key to maximising the benefits of such regulations is long-term planning. The longer the timeframe, the less industry investment is handicapped by uncertainty. Subsidies to electric vehicles are more problematic because of the risks of prematurely picking winning technologies and creating subsidy dependence. And electricity production has yet to be decarbonised. However, intervention to steer innovation in this direction is merited so long as the risks of not attaining climate policy targets are seen as higher than the risks of intervention.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282102978-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Towards Zero : Ambitious Road Safety Targets and the Safe System Approach (Russian version) (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282102640
    Sprache: Russisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (295 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Towards Zero; Ambitious Road Safety Targets and the Safe System Approach
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Zéro tué sur la route ; Un système sûr, des objectifs ambitieux
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Towards Zero: Ambitious Road Safety Targets and the Safe System Approach
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Zéro tué sur la route : Un système sûr, des objectifs ambitieux
    Schlagwort(e): Transport
    Kurzfassung: Каждый год на автомобильных дорогах мира погибает около 1,2 миллиона человек и еще 50 миллионов получают тяжелые травмы. Но аварии в большинстве случаев предотвратимы и есть много методов, позволяющих избавить людей от горя, которое они приносят, и снизить их негативные экономические последствия. Многие страны поставили перед собой задачи по снижению числа жертв на дорогах. Выполняют ли эти страны поставленные задачи? Что можно сделать прямо сейчас и в долгосрочной перспективе для выполнения этих задач? Есть ли предел возможностей у традиционных подходов к обеспечению дорожной безопасности? В данном докладе дается обзор последних событий и инициатив, направленных на выполнение все более амбициозных задач в области повышения уровня дорожной безопасности. Доклад уделяет особое внимание изменениям в системе ведомственного управления, которые необходимо ввести во многих странах для успешного применения мер по повышению безопасности на дорогах. Доклад подчеркивает также необходимость четкой ориентации на результат и рассматривает экономические обоснования для инвестиций в дорожную безопасность. Он призывает страны с высокими результатами по повышению дорожной безопасности сделать еще больше и активно рекомендует принять системный подход к безопасности, в долгосрочной перспективе способный привести к полному устранению жертв на дорогах. Доклад является наиболее значительным международным обзором достижений в области развития системного подхода к безопасности, принятого в настоящее время в небольшом числе стран. Доклад должен быть полезен всем, кто работает в области управления дорожным хозяйством, и тем, в чью сферу интересов входит повышение уровня безопасности дорожного движения.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282102640-ru
    URL: Volltext
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Improving the Practice of Transport Project Appraisal (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282103081
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (112 p.)
    Serie: ITF Round Tables no.149
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Améliorer la pratique de l'évaluation des projets de transport
    Schlagwort(e): Transport
    Kurzfassung: Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) is indispensable for making good decisions on what transport projects to fund. It essentially aims to figure out which projects offer the best value for money. However, the practical relevance of CBA does not always live up to its appeal in principle. One problem is that there is sometimes disagreement over what to include in CBA, both on the cost side and the benefits side of the analysis. As a result, value for money is not always fully transparent. More politically, value for money is only a partial criterion for decision-making, leading to disagreement about the relative importance of the results from CBA compared to other inputs to the decision-making process. This report examines the extent to which these shortcomings can be addressed. In terms of what to include in CBA, discussion focuses on equity and distributional impacts, productivity effects, agglomeration benefits and external costs. The focus then turns to how best to present guidance on project selection to decision makers. The report includes papers on the way CBA is used in three countries – France, Mexico and the United Kingdom – and how it is evolving in response to changing policy priorities.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282103081-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cycling, Health and Safety (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282105955
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (235 p.) , ill.
    Serie: ITF Research Reports
    Schlagwort(e): Transport
    Kurzfassung: Many jurisdictions around the world are trying to retain or increase the share of cycling in urban traffic in order to benefit from the many health and transport efficiency benefits. Safety is a key concern and should be accounted for in these policies. This report of the International Transport Forum's Cycling Safety Working Group monitors international trends in cycling, safety and policy, and explores options that may help decision makers design safe environments for cycling. Key messages relate to strategic goal-setting for cycling policy and managing crash risks while increasing health benefits. The report also discusses how to better capture crash and bicycle usage statistics. The safety impacts of a wide range of pro-cycling measures are examined in detail.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282105955-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Les perspectives du transport interurbain de personnes : rapprocher les citoyens - 18ème Symposium international sur l'économie des transports et la politique (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (18 S.) , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: Document de référence / Centre Conjoint de Recherche sur les Transports 2010-11
    Serie: OECD/ITF Joint Transport Research Centre Discussion Papers no.2010/11
    Paralleltitel: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T. The future of interurban passenger transport - bringing citizens closer together
    Schlagwort(e): Transport ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Le Symposium a réuni des spécialistes des transports de haut vol venant de partout dans le monde pour débattre des perspectives du transport interurbain de voyageurs. Un premier ensemble de rapports traite des déterminants de la demande de transport interurbain de voyageurs et du sens dans lequel elle pourrait évoluer dans le futur. Les autres rapports s’étendent sur les principales questions auxquelles l’évolution à long terme de la demande contraindra la politique des transports à trouver une réponse, c’est-à-dire quand investir dans la grande vitesse ferroviaire, quelles règles adopter pour assurer l’efficience de l’exploitation, comment répartir l’infrastructure entre ses différentes catégories d’utilisateurs (par exemple les voitures et les camions), quel rôle attribuer à l’information et comment…
    Anmerkung: Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5km4pskcztq3-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Integration and Competition between Transport and Logistics Businesses (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282102619
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Serie: ITF Round Tables no.146
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Intégration et concurrence entre le transport et les activités logistiques
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. Integration and competition between transport and logistics businesses
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    Schlagwort(e): Frachtschifffahrt ; Schienenverkehr ; Logistikdienstleister ; Fusion ; Wettbewerb ; OECD-Staaten ; Transport ; Seefrachtverkehr ; Schienenverkehr ; Logistikunternehmen ; Unternehmenskooperation ; Wettbewerbsstrategie
    Kurzfassung: Some very large multinational transport and logistics firms have emerged to provide integrated transport services to shippers in the globalised economy. Do these firms escape regulatory oversight from national competition authorities because of their sheer scale? Do they pose additional threats to competition when they merge with or acquire other companies in the supply chain? The Round Table brought competition experts together with researchers on maritime shipping, rail freight and logistics to identify critical competition issues and appropriate regulatory responses. An examination of the strategies of transport and logistics companies reveals that vertical integration can yield efficiencies, but usually reflects a need to improve the use of expensive fixed assets rather than control all parts of the supply chain. This usually explains why shipping lines acquire terminal operators. Horizontal acquisitions, where similar companies serving the same market merge, are more likely to raise competition concerns. Problems are particularly prone to arise at bottleneck infrastructure facilities. The Round Table report provides an economic framework for examining competition in global transport and logistics businesses, discusses the adequacy of the remedies available to regulators when competition is threatened, and explores the role of competition authorities and Transport Ministries in ensuring markets are efficient.
    Anmerkung: Enth. 4 Beitr. - Literaturangaben , Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Intégration et concurrence entre le transport et les activités logistiques
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282102619-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Illustrated glossary for transport statistics (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282102947
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (183 S.)
    Ausgabe: 4. ed.
    Anmerkung: Gesehen am 05.09.2011
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Intégration et concurrence entre le transport et les activités logistiques (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282102671
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Serie: Tables rondes FIT no.146
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Integration and Competition between Transport and Logistics Businesses
    Schlagwort(e): Transport ; Seefrachtverkehr ; Schienenverkehr ; Logistikunternehmen ; Unternehmenskooperation ; Wettbewerbsstrategie
    Kurzfassung: De très importantes entreprises multinationales du transport et de la logistique sont apparues avec pour objectif de fournir des services de transport intégrés à destination des chargeurs, le tout dans le contexte d’une économie mondialisée. Ces entreprises échappent-elles en raison de leur taille même au contrôle des autorités nationales de la concurrence ? Portent-elles atteinte à la concurrence lorsqu’elles fusionnent ou acquièrent d’autres entreprises au sein de la chaîne logistique ? La Table Ronde a rassemblé des experts des questions de la concurrence avec des chercheurs des domaines du transport maritime, du fret ferroviaire et de la logistique pour cerner les questions saillantes qui relèvent de la concurrence et les réponses réglementaires appropriées. Un examen des stratégies des entreprises de transport et de logistique révèle qu’une intégration verticale peut certes engendrer des gains d’efficience, mais elle correspond le plus souvent au besoin d’intensifier l’usage des coûteux équipements fixes plus que d’un impératif de contrôler toutes les opérations de la chaîne logistique. Ceci explique que les firmes maritimes se portent acquéreurs d’opérateurs de terminaux. Les acquisitions horizontales, là où des entreprises similaires servant un même marché fusionnent, sont davantage susceptibles de poser des problèmes de concurrence. De tels problèmes peuvent particulièrement se poser au niveau d’équipements congestionnés. Cette Table Ronde dresse un cadre pour l’examen des questions de concurrence au sein des activités de transport et de logistiques globales, elle discute de la pertinence des mesures à la portée des régulateurs, lorsque la concurrence est menacée et elle explore le rôle des autorités de concurrence et des Ministères des Transports dans la poursuite de l’organisation de marchés efficients.
    Anmerkung: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: Integration and competition between transport and logistics businesses
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282102671-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Improving the practice of cost benefit analysis in transport : summary and conclusions of the Roundtable on Improving the Practice of Cost Benefit Analysis in Transport (21-22 October 2010, Queretaro, Mexico) (2011)
    Paris : International Transport Forum
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 17 S., 788 KB) , graph. Darst.
    Serie: Discussion paper / International Transport Forum 2011-1
    Paralleltitel: Franz. Ausg. Améliorer la pratique de l'analyse coûts-bénéfices dans les transports
    Schlagwort(e): Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse ; Verkehrsplanung ; Infrastrukturinvestition ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur ; Konferenzschrift
    Kurzfassung: Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) is widely recognized to be helpful, even indispensible, for making good decisions on what transport projects to fund. It essentially aims to figure out which projects offer the best value for money, one of the core criteria for making decisions. However, the practical relevance of cost-benefit analysis does not always live up to its appeal in principle. One problem is that there is disagreement about what to include in both the costs and the benefits side of the analysis, so that value for money is not always a fully transparent concept. A second problem is that value for money is only a partial criterion for decision-making, leading to disagreement about the relative importance of the results from CBA compared to other inputs into the decision-making process. Discussions at the Roundtable aimed to shed light on these conceptual problems by analysing the practice of CBA and comparing approaches to it in different countries. In short the aim was to identify a checklist of items that should be included in a socially relevant cost-benefit analysis, i.e. analysis that can be produced in reasonable time and at reasonable cost but is good enough to help resolve trade-offs.
    Anmerkung: Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kghzxq2q546-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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