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  • 2015-2019  (2)
  • 2018  (2)
  • 1
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other papers
    Kurzfassung: Women farmers in the Western Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) bear the disproportionate burden of unpaid care work. Women spend less time than men on their plots and more time on domestic work. The authors use a combination of consultations in the field, desk research, and primary data collection to understand the patterns of time allocation in rural households in Western DRC. The gender differences in time allocation are striking where the female plot managers do 1 hour and 52 minutes more of domestic work per day than male plot managers. The gender differences are higher in male-headed households, and female plot managers spend significantly more time taking care of children when farming or going to market than their male counterparts. The agricultural productivity of female plot managers is on average twenty six percent lower than that of male plot managers. Having young children is associated with lower productivity for women but not for men. With the support of various stakeholders, the authors will pilot the provision of childcare services in the targeted region. The authors will rigorously evaluate the importance of these services on women's time allocation to productive activities, as well as their productivity
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group, Africa Region & Development Research Group
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 53 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: Policy research working paper 8601
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Policy research working paper
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Campos, Francisco How Should the Government Bring Small Firms into the Formal System? Experimental Evidence from Malawi
    Schlagwort(e): Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Developing country governments seek to reduce the pervasive informality of firms for multiple reasons: increasing the tax base, helping firms access formal markets and grow, increasing the rule of law, and as a means to obtain data that can be used for other government functions. However, there is debate as to the best approach for achieving these goals. This study conducted a randomized experiment in Malawi to test three alternatives: (a) assisting firms to obtain a business registration certificate that offers access to formal markets but imposes no tax obligations; (b) assisting firms to obtain business registration and tax registration; and (c) supplementing the assistance to obtain business registration with a bank information session intended to help firms utilize one of the key potential benefits of formalizing. The study finds incredibly high demand for obtaining a formal status that is separate from tax obligations, and very low take-up of tax registration. Business registration alone has no impact on access to formal markets or firm performance. However, coupling registration assistance with the bank information session increases the use of formal financial services, and results in increases in firm sales by 20 percent and profits by 15 percent. The results highlight the advantages of separating business and tax registration, but also the need to assist firms in benefiting from their new formal status
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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