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  • 1
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Kiel Working Paper 2237
    DDC: 304.8
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  • 2
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 60 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Kiel working paper no. 2237 (December 2022)
    Series Statement: Kiel working paper
    DDC: 304.8
    Keywords: temporary labor migration ; working conditions ; contract enforcement ; dictator game
    Abstract: We experimentally study an intervention to reduce mistreatment of Filipino overseas domestic workers (DWs) by their employers. Encouraging DWs to show their employers a family photo while providing a small gift when starting employment reduced DW mistreatment, increased their job satisfaction, and increased the likelihood of contract extension. While generally unaware of the intervention, DWs' families staying behind become more positive about international labor migration. An online experiment with potential employers suggests that the effect operates through a reduction in employers' perceived social distance from their employees. A simple intervention can protect migrant workers without requiring destination country policy reforms.
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  • 3
    Article
    Article
    In:  Handbook of research methods in migration 2012, S. 249-269
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Handbook of research methods in migration
    Angaben zur Quelle: 2012, S. 249-269
    Note: David McKenzie and Dean Yang
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  • 4
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (33 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Gine, Xavier Insurance, Credit, And Technology Adoption
    Keywords: Access To Information ; Agriculture ; Bankruptcy and Resolution of Financial Distress ; Credit Constraints ; Crops and Crop Management Systems ; Debt Markets ; Developing Countries ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Markets ; Financial Support ; Hazard Risk Management ; Insurance ; Insurance Policy ; International Bank ; Loan ; Microfinance ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Urban Development ; Access To Information ; Agriculture ; Bankruptcy and Resolution of Financial Distress ; Credit Constraints ; Crops and Crop Management Systems ; Debt Markets ; Developing Countries ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Markets ; Financial Support ; Hazard Risk Management ; Insurance ; Insurance Policy ; International Bank ; Loan ; Microfinance ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Urban Development ; Access To Information ; Agriculture ; Bankruptcy and Resolution of Financial Distress ; Credit Constraints ; Crops and Crop Management Systems ; Debt Markets ; Developing Countries ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Markets ; Financial Support ; Hazard Risk Management ; Insurance ; Insurance Policy ; International Bank ; Loan ; Microfinance ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Urban Development
    Abstract: The adoption of new agricultural technologies may be discouraged because of their inherent riskiness. This study implemented a randomized field experiment to ask whether the provision of insurance against a major source of production risk induces farmers to take out loans to invest in a new crop variety. The study sample was composed of roughly 800 maize and groundnut farmers in Malawi, where by far the dominant source of production risk is the level of rainfall. We randomly selected half of the farmers to be offered credit to purchase high-yielding hybrid maize and improved groundnut seeds for planting in the November 2006 crop season. The other half of the farmers were offered a similar credit package but were also required to purchase (at actuarially fair rates) a weather insurance policy that partially or fully forgave the loan in the event of poor rainfall. Surprisingly, take up was lower by 13 percentage points among farmers offered insurance with the loan. Take-up was 33.0 percent for farmers who were offered the uninsured loan. There is suggestive evidence that the reduced take-up of the insured loan was due to the high cognitive cost of evaluating the insurance: insured loan take-up was positively correlated with farmer education levels. By contrast, the take-up of the uninsured loan was uncorrelated with farmer education
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 5
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (55 p)
    Edition: 2011 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Brune, Lasse Commitments to Save
    Keywords: Kleinbauern ; Sparen ; Feldforschung ; Malawi
    Abstract: This paper reports the results of a field experiment that randomly assigned smallholder cash crop farmers formal savings accounts. In collaboration with a microfinance institution in Malawi, the authors tested two primary treatments, offering either: 1) "ordinary" accounts, or 2) both ordinary and "commitment" accounts. Commitment accounts allowed customers to restrict access to their own funds until a future date of their choosing. A control group was not offered any account but was tracked alongside the treatment groups. Only the commitment treatment had statistically significant effects on subsequent outcomes. The effects were positive and large on deposits and withdrawals immediately prior to the next planting season, agricultural input use in that planting, crop sales from the subsequent harvest, and household expenditures in the period after harvest. Across the set of key outcomes, the commitment savings treatment had larger effects than the ordinary savings treatment. Additional evidence suggests that the positive impacts of commitment derive from keeping funds from being shared with one's social network
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 6
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (36 p)
    Edition: 2012 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: David McKenzie Distortions in the International Migrant Labor Market
    Abstract: The authors use an original panel dataset of migrant departures from the Philippines to identify the responsiveness of migrant numbers and wages to gross domestic product shocks in destination countries. They find a large significant elasticity of migrant numbers to gross domestic product shocks at destination, but no significant wage response. This is consistent with binding minimum wages for migrant labor. This result implies that labor market imperfections that make international migration attractive also make migrant flows more sensitive to global business cycles. Difference-in-differences analysis of a minimum wage change for maids confirms that minimum wages bind and demand is price sensitive without these distortions
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 7
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3578
    Parallel Title: Yang, Dean International migration, human capital, and entrepreneurship
    Keywords: Emigrant remittances ; Financial crises ; Foreign exchange rates ; Households Economic aspects ; Human capital ; Emigrant remittances ; Financial crises ; Foreign exchange rates ; Households Economic aspects ; Human capital
    Abstract: "Millions of households in developing countries receive financial support from family members working overseas. How do the economic prospects of overseas migrants affect origin-household investments-in particular, in child human capital and household enterprises? Yang examines Philippine households' responses to overseas members' economic shocks. Overseas Filipinos work in dozens of foreign countries which experienced sudden (and heterogeneous) changes in exchange rates due to the 1997 Asian financial crisis. Appreciation of a migrant's currency against the Philippine peso leads to increases in household remittances received from overseas. The estimated elasticity of Philippine peso remittances with respect to the Philippine/foreign exchange rate is 0.60. In addition, these positive income shocks lead to enhanced human capital accumulation and entrepreneurship in origin households. Favorable migrant shocks lead to greater child schooling, reduced child labor, and increased educational expenditure in origin households. More favorable exchange rate shocks also raise hours worked in self-employment and lead to greater entry into relatively capital-intensive enterprises by migrants' origin households. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/18/2005 , Also available in print.
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  • 8
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (52 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Brune, Lasse Savings Defaults and Payment Delays for Cash Transfers: Field Experimental Evidence from Malawi
    Abstract: Financial products and transfer schemes are often designed to help individuals improve welfare by following through on intertemporal plans. This paper implements an artefactual field experiment in Malawi to test the ability of households to manage a cash windfall. This study varies whether 474 households receive a payment in cash or through direct deposit into pre-established accounts at a local bank. Payments are made immediately, with one day delay, or with eight days delay. Defaulting the payments into savings accounts leads to higher bank account balances, an effect that persists for several weeks. However, neither savings defaults nor payment delays affect the amount or composition of spending, suggesting that households manage cash effectively without the use of formal financial products
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 9
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (52 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Beam, Emily Unilateral Facilitation Does Not Raise International Labor Migration from the Philippines
    Keywords: 2010-2012 ; Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; Arbeitsvermittlung ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Schätzung ; Philippinen
    Abstract: Significant income gains from migrating from poorer to richer countries have motivated unilateral (source-country) policies facilitating labor emigration. However, their effectiveness is unknown. The authors conducted a large-scale randomized experiment in the Philippines testing the impact of unilaterally facilitating international labor migration. The most intensive treatment doubled the rate of job offers but had no identifiable effect on international labor migration. Even the highest overseas job-search rate that was induced (22 percent) falls far short of the share initially expressing interest in migrating (34 percent). The paper concludes that unilateral migration facilitation will at most induce a trickle, not a flood, of additional emigration
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 10
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (26 p)
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: De Arcangelis, Giuseppe Directing Remittances to Education with Soft and Hard Commitments
    Abstract: This paper tests how migrants' willingness to remit changes when given the ability to direct remittances to educational purposes using different forms of commitment. Variants of a dictator game in a lab-in-the-field experiment with Filipino migrants in Rome are used to examine remitting behavior under varying degrees of commitment. These range from the soft commitment of simply labeling remittances as being for education, to the hard commitment of having funds directly paid to a school and the student's educational performance monitored. The analysis finds that the introduction of simple labeling for education raises remittances by more than 15 percent. Adding the ability to directly send this funding to the school adds only a further 2.2 percent. The information asymmetry between migrants and their most closely connected household is randomly varied, but no significant change is found in the remittance response to these forms of commitment as information varies. Behavior in these games is shown to be predictive of take-up of a new financial product called EduPay, designed to allow migrants to pay remittances directly to schools in the Philippines. This take-up seems largely driven by a response to the ability to label remittances for education, rather than to the hard commitment feature of directly paying schools
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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