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  • 1
    Article
    Article
    In:  The _bitter legacy 2011, S. 193-212
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: The _bitter legacy
    Angaben zur Quelle: 2011, S. 193-212
    Note: Makhroufi Ousmane Traoré
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9781009282352 , 9781009282345 , 9781009282338
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 459 Seiten)
    Series Statement: African identities: past and present
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 306.3/620966
    Keywords: Group identity ; Slave trade
    Abstract: Between the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, more than fifteen million people were uprooted from West Africa and enslaved in the Trans-Saharan and Transatlantic slave systems The state of Gajaage, located on the West African hinterland, offered a doorway to the Atlantic Ocean and played a central role in the wide-scale trade system that connected the histories of Africa, the Americas, and Europe. Focussing on the Soninke of Gajaaga, Makhroufi Ousmane Traoré demonstrates how their resistance to the slave trades led to the formation of a united community bound by an awareness of identity. This original study expands our understanding of the various modes of resistance West Africans employed to stem the encroaching tide of Arab imperializing efforts, European mercantile capitalism, and the Atlantic slave trade, whilst also highlighting how ethnic and religious identities were constructed and mobilized in the region.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 20 Nov 2023)
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9781009282314
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (476 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    Series Statement: African Identities: Past and Present Series
    DDC: 306.3620966
    Abstract: Exploring the complexities of identity in precolonial West Africa, Makhroufi Ousmane Traoré shows the Soninke community's resistance to the slave trades led to the formation of a united community bound by an awareness of ethnic belonging. Traoré highlights the varied ways in which West Africans crafted and negotiated their identities.
    Abstract: Cover -- Half-title page -- Series page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Preface -- Acknowledgement -- Introduction -- Atlantic Slave Trade and African Agency -- Gajaaga in Saharan and Atlantic Encounters -- Ethnicity in Precolonial Africa: A Historiographical Debate -- Ethnic-Identity Formation in Pre-Colonial Senegambia -- Ethnicity, Territory, and State -- Sources, Methods, and Organization -- Part I Between the Sahara and the Atlantic Ocean -- 1 The Rise of Ethnic State -- 1.1 The Creation of an Ethnic State -- 1.2 Empire to Diaspora -- 1.3 Wagadu to Walata -- 1.4 Wagadu to Gidimaxa -- 1.5 Land, People, and Sovereignty -- 1.6 Gajaaga's Neighbors -- 1.7 The Political and Social Structures -- 1.8 The Tunkara and the Kafundo -- 1.9 Administrative Networking -- 1.10 Disenclavement of Gajaaga -- 2 African Slavery versus the Slave Trade(s) Social Stratification Is Not Merchant Slavery -- 2.1 African Social Stratification: Slavery or Servitude -- 2.2 The Jònya System -- 2.3 The Komaxu -- 2.4 The Rise of Merchant Slavery -- 2.5 Delineating Merchant Slavery -- 2.6 Power and Domination within the Social Stratification -- 2.7 Safeness: Values for Safekeeping -- Part II Atlantic Slavery, Kingship, and Worship of Nature -- 3 Trans-Saharan and Transatlantic Gajaaga -- 3.1 Caught Between Desert and Ocean -- 3.2 Colonial Appeal of Gold -- 3.3 Armenian Travels into Upper Senegal -- 3.4 Imperial Rivalries and Slave Markets -- 3.5 Cross-Political Histories: Gajaaga and Fuuta-Tooro -- 3.6 Imperial Culture of Violence -- 3.7 "Devastating, then Colonizing the Land of Tunka" -- 4 Matriarchy, Ecology, and Atlantic Slave Trade -- 4.1 The Fort, the Cannon, and the Flag -- 4.2 Slowing Down French Colonial Expansion -- 4.3 Gajaaga against a "Global Seaborne Commercial Empire".
    Note: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
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