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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Confronting the Food-Energy-Environment Trilemma : Global Land Use in the Long Run (2014)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (87 p)
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Steinbuks, Jevgenijs Confronting the Food-Energy-Environment Trilemma
    Abstract: Economic, agronomic, and biophysical drivers affect global land use, so all three influences need to be considered in evaluating economically optimal allocations of the world's land resources. A dynamic, forward-looking optimization framework applied over the course of the coming century shows that although some deforestation is optimal in the near term, in the absence of climate change regulation, the desirability of further deforestation is eliminated by mid-century. Although adverse productivity shocks from climate change have a modest effect on global land use, such shocks combined with rapid growth in energy prices lead to significant deforestation and higher greenhouse gas emissions than in the baseline. Imposition of a global greenhouse gas emissions constraint further heightens the competition for land, as fertilizer use declines and land-based mitigation strategies expand. However, anticipation of the constraint largely dilutes its environmental effectiveness, as deforestation accelerates prior to imposition of the target
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-6928
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sustainability of Solar Electricity : The Role of Endogenous Resource Substitution and Market Mediated Responses (2015)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (40 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Steinbuks, Jevgenijs Sustainability of Solar Electricity: The Role of Endogenous Resource Substitution and Market Mediated Responses
    Abstract: This study seeks to understand how materials scarcity and competition from alternative uses affects the potential for widespread deployment of solar electricity in the long run, in light of related technology and policy uncertainties. Simulation results of a computable partial equilibrium model predict a considerable expansion of solar electricity generation worldwide in the near decades, as generation technologies improve and production costs fall. Increasing materials scarcity becomes a significant constraint for further expansion of solar generation, which grows considerably slower in the second half of the coming century. Solar generation capacity increases with higher energy demand, squeezing consumption in industries that compete for scarce minerals. Stringent climate policies hamper growth in intermittent solar photovoltaics backed by fossil fuel powered plants, but lead to a small increase in non-intermittent concentrated solar power technology. By the end of the coming century, solar electricity remains a marginal source of global electricity supply even in the world of higher energy demand, strict carbon regulations, and generation efficiency improvements
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7178
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Assessing the Accuracy of Electricity Demand Forecasts in Developing Countries (2017)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (35 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Steinbuks, Jevgenijs Assessing the Accuracy of Electricity Demand Forecasts in Developing Countries
    Abstract: This study assesses the accuracy of time-series econometric methods in forecasting electricity demand in developing countries. The analysis of historical time series for 106 developing countries over 1960-2012 demonstrates that econometric forecasts are highly accurate for the majority of these countries. These forecasts significantly outperform predictions of simple heuristic models, which assume that electricity demand grows at an exogenous rate or is proportional to real gross domestic product growth. The quality of the forecasts, however, diminishes for the countries and regions, where rapid economic and structural transformation or exposure to conflicts and environmental disasters makes it difficult to establish stable historical demand trends
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7974
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Welfare and Environmental Benefits of Electric Vehicle Tax Policies in Developing Countries : Evidence from Colombia (2022)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (41 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Callejas, Jeronimo Welfare and Environmental Benefits of Electric Vehicle Tax Policies in Developing Countries: Evidence from Colombia
    Keywords: Carbon Policy and Trading ; Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases ; Decarbonizing ; Electric Vehicles ; Environment ; Environmental Economics and Policies ; Environmental Policy ; Gender ; Hybrid Vehicles ; Passenger Vehicle Emissions ; Vehicle Tax
    Abstract: Developing countries face a major challenge of decarbonizing their light-duty vehicle fleet and transitioning to the broad use of electric vehicles. However, there is little evidence on which policies can most effectively facilitate that transition in these countries, distinguished by relatively low-income consumers and highly concentrated markets that distort vehicle markups. This paper analyzes existing and proposed policies aiming to reduce emissions from new passenger vehicles in Colombia, which has used preferential sales taxes and import tariffs to stimulate hybrid and electric cars sales. Using highly detailed data on vehicle purchases and attributes, the paper estimates an equilibrium model of Colombia's market that includes a random-coefficients logit demand structure and endogenizes firms' markups. Using the model to simulate policies, the analysis finds that Colombia's sales tax and import tariffs have increased hybrid and electric vehicle market shares by 0.9 to 2.7 percentage points at welfare costs of USD 40-USD 48 per ton of carbon dioxide reduction. Potentially taxing carbon dioxide emissions rates of new vehicles would have roughly similar welfare costs. The high welfare costs of these policies arise from preexisting distortions caused by market power, which yields large private welfare costs of shifting from gasoline to hybrid and electric vehicles
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10001
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of climate policies on labor markets in developing countries : review of the evidence and directions for future research (2018)
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group, Development Research Group, Environment and Energy Team
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 51 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8332
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Hafstead, Marc Effect of Climate Policies on Labor Markets in Developing Countries: Review of the Evidence and Directions for Future Research
    Keywords: Klimapolitik ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Entwicklungsländer ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This study surveys one of the critical welfare aspects of contemplating climate policies in developing countries and their potential effect on workers and labor markets. The existing body of evidence finds that climate policies will likely cause a significant reduction of jobs in fossil-fuel industries. These industries make up a relatively small share of total employment, even in fossil-fuel-intensive countries. Therefore, the effect on aggregate employment will likely be small, especially over the long term, since there will be offsetting gains in other industries. However, most of the literature ignores the key features of developing country labor markets and may significantly misrepresent the dynamics of labor market adjustment to climate policies
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8332
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Why are connection charges so high? : an analysis of the electricity sector in Sub-Saharan Africa (2018)
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group, Africa Region, Office of the Chief Economist
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8407
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Blimpo, Moussa Why Are Connection Charges So High? An Analysis of the Electricity Sector in Sub-Saharan Africa
    Keywords: Elektrizitätsversorgung ; Gebühr ; Netzregulierung ; Uganda ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This study develops and structurally estimates a model of household and electric utility behavior to describe how the low access rates and high connection charges that are common in the Sub-Saharan Africa region arise from regulated electricity tariffs being set too low. As a result, the utilities lose money on each connected customer and low electricity consumption by households makes it difficult to recover the cost of providing a connection. For each possible choice of the regulated tariff, the optimal upfront connection charge is computed that will maximize profits for the utility in its service territory. Higher tariffs are associated with lower optimal connection charges and higher electrification rates. Nonetheless, due to households' low willingness to pay for electricity services, the equilibrium electrification rates in the model are much lower than 100 percent. Future advances in electrification will require higher incomes, increased coverage of the distribution network, and lower connection costs
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8407
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Contracting for the Second Best in Dysfunctional Electricity Markets (2014)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (40 p)
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Nikandrova, Arina Contracting for the Second Best in Dysfunctional Electricity Markets
    Abstract: Power pools constitute a set of sometimes complex institutional arrangements for efficiency-enhancing coordination among power systems. Where such institutional arrangements do not exist, there still can be scope for voluntary electricity-sharing agreements among power systems. This paper uses a particular type of efficient risk-sharing model with limited commitment to demonstrate that second-best coordination improvements can be achieved with low to moderate risks of participants leaving the agreement. In the absence of an impartial market operator who can observe fluctuations in connected power systems, establishing quasi-markets for trading excess electricity through the kind of mechanism described here helps achieve sustainable cooperation in mutually beneficial electricity sharing
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-6955
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    What is the Social Value of Second-Generation Biofuels? (2014)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (23 p)
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Hertel, Thomas W What is the Social Value of Second-Generation Biofuels?
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7142
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Modeling uncertainty in large natural resource allocation problems (2020)
    [Washington, DC, USA] : World Bank Group, Development Economics, Development Research Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 64 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 9159
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Cai, Yongyang Modeling Uncertainty in Large Natural Resource Allocation Problems
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The productivity of the world's natural resources is critically dependent on a variety of highly uncertain factors, which obscure individual investors and governments that seek to make long-term, sometimes irreversible investments in their exploration and utilization. These dynamic considerations are poorly represented in disaggregated resource models, as incorporating uncertainty into large-dimensional problems presents a challenging computational task. This study introduces a novel numerical method to solve large-scale dynamic stochastic natural resource allocation problems that cannot be addressed by conventional methods. The method is illustrated with an application focusing on the allocation of global land resource use under stochastic crop yields due to adverse climate impacts and limits on further technological progress. For the same model parameters, the range of land conversion is considerably smaller for the dynamic stochastic model as compared to deterministic scenario analysis. The scenario analysis can thus significantly overstate the magnitude of expected land conversion under uncertain crop yields
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9159
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Political dividends of digital participatory governance : evidence from Moscow pothole management (2020)
    [Washington, DC, USA] : World Bank Group, Development Economics, Development Research Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 9445
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Gorgulu, Nisan Political Dividends of Digital Participatory Governance: Evidence from Moscow Pothole Management
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This study takes advantage of a publicly salient policy sphere - road quality - in the Russian Federation's capital city to explore the use of digital technologies as means of aggregating information and demonstrating government capacity and effectiveness. It focuses on the potential linkage between road quality based on citizens' complaints and electoral outcomes in two rounds of Moscow mayoral elections in 2013 and 2018. The data on more than 200,000 online potholes' complaints were collected and combined with local election data. The causal relationship between these two processes is established, making use of an arguably exogenous variation in the differences across local weather conditions during the heating season that differentially affects pothole creation but is uncorrelated with electoral outcomes. The results indicate that greater use of digital technologies (measured by pothole complaints) results in an increased number of votes and a higher margin of victory for the incumbent. They highlight digital technologies' role as a tool to create participatory governance mechanisms and convey to the public an image of a transparent, responsive, and capable government
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9445
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
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