ISBN:
9781351695039
Language:
English
Pages:
1 Online-Ressource (501 pages)
Edition:
7th ed
Parallel Title:
Print version Sanborn, Fred W A Cognitive Psychology of Mass Communication
DDC:
302.23019
Abstract:
Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of contents -- List of Illustrations -- Preface -- A Note from Fred W. Sanborn -- A Note from Richard Jackson Harris -- About the Authors -- Chapter 1 Mass Communication in Our Digital Society: The Changing Media Landscape -- Prevalence of Mass Communication -- What Is Mass Communication? -- The Media of Mass Communication -- Newspapers -- Magazines -- Radio -- Television -- Group Differences -- Time-of-Day Differences -- Video -- Computer-Mediated Communication -- Media Applications, Chapter 1: Media Literacy as a Compass for the Media Landscape -- Overview of the Book -- Further Reading -- Chapter 2 Research and Theory in Mass Communication: How Are Media Studied Scientifically? -- Media Research Frameworks -- Looking at Content -- Looking at Exposure -- Looking at Effects -- Behavioral Effects -- Attitudinal Effects -- Cognitive Effects -- Physiological Effects -- Caveat: The Third-Person Effect -- The Strength of Effects -- Theories of Mass Communication -- Social Cognitive Theory (Social Learning, Observational Learning, Modeling) -- Cultivation Theory -- Uses and Gratifications Theory -- Agenda Setting Theory -- Schema (Script) Theory -- Limited Capacity Model -- Conclusion -- Media Applications, Chapter 2: Using Media Research to Influence School Curriculum -- Further Reading -- Chapter 3 The Psychology of Mass Communication: Thinking about Our Media Use -- Children's Distinctive Use of Media -- Mental Effort and Social Interaction -- The Medium and Imagination -- Information Extraction and Memory in Children and Adults -- Cognitive Components of the Media Experience -- Attention -- Multitasking -- Attending to Changes -- Suspending Disbelief -- Transportation -- Identification -- Media as Perceived Reality -- The Reflection Myth -- The Study of Perceived Reality
Abstract:
Parasocial Media Relationships -- Conclusion -- Media Applications, Chapter 3: Using Cognitive and Developmental Psychology to Discuss TV with Children -- Further Reading -- Chapter 4 Emotions and.Media: Music and Sports as Exemplars -- The Emotional Side of Experiencing.Media -- What Is Emotion? -- Media as Vicarious Emotional Experience -- Emotional Expression and Media -- Media and a Few Specific Emotions -- Empathy -- Suspense -- Humor -- Mood Management -- Emotional Exemplar 1: Music -- The Emotional Uses and Gratifications of Popular Music -- Content -- Effects -- Music as a Memory Cue -- Emotional Exemplar 2: Sports -- How TV Changed Sports -- The Telegenic Factor -- Institutional Changes -- The Olympics and TV -- TV Reveals (or Creates?) an Emotional Side to the Olympics -- The Psychology and Emotion Underlying Sports Media Consumption -- Sports Media Consumption as a Social Event -- Sports Violence -- Hero Worship -- Emotional Benefits -- Conclusion -- Media Applications, Chapter 4: Bias in Sports Coverage -- Gender Roles and Bias -- Racial Bias -- Further Reading -- Chapter 5 Media Portrayals of Groups: Distorted Social Mirrors -- Portrayals of the Sexes -- The View of Women -- Numbers -- Physical Appearance -- Don't Look Old! -- Don't Get Fat! -- Placement of Women's Bodies in Advertising -- Body Image and Media -- Concerns of Women -- Women and Violence -- The View of Men -- Emotionless Beings -- Physical Appearance -- Male Friendships -- Domestic Roles -- Some Overall Effects of Media Gender Stereotyping -- Families -- Family Composition and Portrayals -- Mom as Superwoman -- Dad as Buffoon -- Family Solidarity -- The Influence of Media on Family Life -- Portrayals of Minorities -- The Four Stages of Minority Portrayals -- African Americans -- Depictions of African Americans -- Animated Portrayals of African Americans
Abstract:
News Portrayals of African Americans -- Some Additional Effects of African American Portrayals -- Black Viewers -- Latinos -- Native Americans -- Asian Americans -- Arabs and Arab Americans -- Sexual Minorities -- Older.Adults -- Persons with Physical or Psychological Disabilities and Disorders -- Physical Disabilities -- Psychological Disorders -- Portrayals of People of Faith and Religion -- Religion in Entertainment -- Religion in the News -- Religious Programming -- Effects of Television on Religion -- Portrayals of Occupations -- Lawyers, Judges, and Courtroom Trials -- Psychologists and Psychiatrists -- Farmers and Rural Life -- College Students -- Conclusion: So What If They're Stereotyped? -- Media Applications, Chapter 5: Responding to Media Stereotypes -- Dealing with Stereotypes in the Home -- Influencing the Media -- Further Reading -- Chapter 6 Advertising: Baiting, Catching, and Reeling Us In -- Historical Background -- Types of Ads -- Psychological Appeals in Advertising -- Informational Appeals -- Emotional Appeals -- Patriotic Appeals -- Fear Appeals -- Achievement, Success, and Power Appeals -- Humorous Appeals -- Testimonials (Product Endorsements) -- Can Appeals Be Unethical? -- A Theoretical Model -- Cognition and Advertising: Ads as Information to Be Processed -- Stages of Processing -- Memory for Ads -- Violent Media, Advertising, and Memory -- A Constructionist Framework for Understanding and Remembering Advertising -- Deceptive Advertising -- True-But-Deceptive Ads -- Studying Deception Scientifically -- Sex and Subliminal Advertising -- Classical Conditioning -- Subliminal Advertising -- Subliminal Existence vs. Behavioral Effect -- Advertising to Children -- Differentiating Ads and Programs -- Disclaimers -- Television, Toymakers, Gender, and Marketing -- Tobacco Advertising and Role Modeling
Abstract:
Advertising in Newer and Unexpected Places -- High-Tech Billboards -- Product Placements -- Classrooms and Schools -- Advertising Online -- Prescription Drug Advertising -- Conclusion -- Media Applications, Chapter 6: Addressing Advertisers -- Further Reading -- Chapter 7 News: Setting an Agenda about the World -- Television News History and Trends -- Parasocial TV News Relationships -- Internet News Trends -- What Is News? -- Primary Characteristics of a Newsworthy Event -- Personalization -- Drama and Conflict -- Action -- Novelty and Deviance -- Link to Ongoing Themes -- Secondary Characteristics of a Newsworthy Event -- Inoffensiveness -- Credibility -- Sound.Bites -- The Local Hook -- News Media as Creating a Perceived Reality -- Fake.News -- Why did Fake News Emerge? -- How is Fake News Created? -- Who Consumes Fake News? -- What Can Be Done About Fake News? -- Manipulation of News -- Direct Censorship -- Intimidation -- Blocking Access -- Indirect Censorship -- Manipulation by Timing -- Media Self-Censorship -- Consolidation of News-Gathering Organizations -- "Disguising" the News as Entertainment -- News and Comedy Shows -- The Docudrama: Fact or Fiction? -- Effects of News Coverage -- The Impact of Different Points of View -- Memory for the News -- Effects of News on Attributions and Decision Making -- Responses to Crime Coverage in Media -- How News Distorts the Reporting of Dangers -- Effects of Sensationalized Reporting -- TV News and Crime Fears -- Counteracting Fear -- Do We Actually Like Sensational Reports? -- How Media Affect Governmental Policy -- Compelling Images -- The Vietnam War -- Iraq and Afghanistan -- Terrorism -- Conclusion: News and Perceived Reality -- Media Applications, Chapter 7: Understanding Research Findings Reported in the Media -- Further Reading -- Chapter 8 Politics: Using News and Advertising to Win Elections
Abstract:
Closing the Distance between the Candidate and the Public -- Cognitive Processing of Political Media -- Political Behavior on the Internet -- Social Media -- News Coverage of Politics and Political Campaigns -- What Is Heavily Covered? -- What Is Lightly Covered? -- Interpretation by the Press -- Political Candidate Debates -- Televised Debate Coverage -- Effects on Viewers -- Candidates' Use of News Media -- Setting the Agenda -- Framing the Candidates -- The Unstable Rebel and the Frail Criminal -- The Weeping Woman and the Militant Black Couple -- Pinocchio and Dumbo -- Changing Frames -- Creating Pseudo-Events -- Dealing with Attacks from the Opponent -- The Need to Be Taken Seriously -- Case Study: Press Coverage of the 2000 U.S. Presidential Election -- Election Night Coverage -- Premature Overconfident Projections -- Framing the Electoral Uncertainty -- Political Advertising -- Purposes -- Name Recognition -- Agenda Setting -- Image Building -- Issue Exposition -- Fund-Raising -- Appeals in Political Advertising -- Negative Advertising -- Effects of Political Advertising -- Conclusion -- Media Applications, Chapter 8: Can We Moderate Our Political Attitudes Through Our Media Choices? -- Has Our Polarized Media Affected TV's Moderation Effect? -- What Can Individual Media Consumers Do? -- Crosscutting Media -- Further Reading -- Chapter 9 Violence: Media Mayhem Matters -- Effects of Media Violence -- Fear -- Fear-Inducing Images -- Responses to Fear -- Fearful Media Memories -- Brain Correlates -- Modeling -- How Modeling Works -- Basic Social Learning and Field Research -- Sensitization -- The Role of Empathy on Sensitization -- Sensitization and Graphic Violence -- Desensitization -- How Desensitization Works -- Consequences of Desensitization -- Cultivation -- Important Interactive Factors -- Model Attributes
Abstract:
Reinforcement and Justification of Violence
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