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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Labor Market Effects of Disability Benefit Loss (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (42 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Biro, Aniko The Labor Market Effects of Disability Benefit Loss
    Keywords: Benefit Reduction ; Disability ; Disability Insurance ; Disability Welfare Reform ; Disabled Persons Poverty ; Economic Policy, Institutions and Governance ; Employability Program ; Employment and Unemployment ; Joblessness ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Persons with Disabilities ; Public Welfare ; Social Protections and Labor
    Abstract: Disability benefits provide social insurance against the risk of losing working capacity, as well as an important source of income for individuals with disabilities. They are also costly and tend to reduce labor supply. Although spending can be contained by careful targeting, correcting past flaws in eligibility rules or assessment procedures may entail welfare costs. This paper studies a major reform in Hungary that reassessed the health and working capacity of a large share of beneficiaries. Leveraging age and health cutoffs in the reassessment, the paper estimates employment responses to loss or reduction of benefits. The findings show that among those who left disability insurance due to the reform, 58 percent were employed in the primary labor market, 6 percent participated in public works, and 36 percent were out of work without benefits in the post-reform period. The consequences of leaving disability insurance differed sharply by pre-reform employment status. Among the beneficiaries who were employed in the pre-reform year, 81 percent worked, while only 33 percent of those without pre-reform employment did. The gains of the reform in activating beneficiaries were small and strongly driven by pre-reform employment status. This points to the importance of combining financial incentives with broader labor market programs that increase employability
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10575
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Firm Consolidation and Labor Market Outcomes (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (49 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Dobbelaere, Sabien Firm Consolidation and Labor Market Outcomes
    Keywords: Health Insurance ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Labor Market Outcome ; Labor Restructuring ; Takeover
    Abstract: Using rich administrative data from the Netherlands, this paper studies the consequences of firm consolidation for workers. For workers at acquired firms, takeovers are associated with an 8.5 percent drop in employment at the consolidated firm and a 2.6 percent drop in total labor income. These effects are persistent even four years later. The paper shows that the primary mechanism for this job loss is labor restructuring at consolidating firms. Workers with higher-than-expected pay relative to their human capital and workers with skills that are likely already present at acquirers are less likely to be retained
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10477
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Early Labor Market Impacts of COVID-19 in Developing Countries : Evidence from High-Frequency Phone Surveys (2021)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: The economic crisis caused by the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic sharply reduced mobility and economic activity, disrupting the lives of people around the globe. This brief presents estimates on the crisis' impact on labor markets in thirty-nine countries based on high-frequency phone survey (HFPS) data collected between April and July 2020. Workers in these countries experienced severe labor market disruptions following the Coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak. Thirty-four percent of respondents reported stopping work, twenty percent of wage workers reported lack of payment for work performed, nine percent reported job changes due to the pandemic, and sixty-two percent reported income loss in their household. Measures of work stoppage and income loss in the HFPS are generally consistent with gross domestic products (GDP) growth projections in Latin America and the Caribbean but not in Sub-Saharan Africa, indicating that the phone survey data contributes valuable new information about the impacts of the crisis. Ensuring availability of such critical data in the future will require investments into statistical and physical infrastructure as well as human capital to set up Emergency Observatories, which can rapidly deploy phone surveys to inform decision makers
    DOI: 10.1596/35044
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The early labor market impacts of COVID-19 in developing countries : evidence from high-frequency phone surveys (2021)
    [Washington, DC, USA] : World Bank Group, Social Protection and Jobs Global Practice & Poverty and Equity Global Practice
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 54 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 9510
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Print Version: Khamis, Melanie The Early Labor Market Impacts of COVID-19 in Developing Countries: Evidence from High-Frequency Phone Surveys
    Keywords: COVID-19 ; Employment ; High-frequency phone survey ; Developing countries ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has sharply reduced mobility and economic activity, disrupting the lives of people around the globe. This paper presents estimates on the early impact of the crisis on labor markets in 39 countries based on high-frequency phone survey data collected between April and July 2020. Workers in these countries experienced severe labor market disruptions following the COVID-19 outbreak. Based on simple averages across countries, 34 percent of the respondents reported stopping work, 20 percent of wage workers reported lack of payment for work performed, 9 percent reported job changes due to the pandemic, and 62 percent reported income loss in their household. Stopping work was more prevalent in the industrial and service sectors than in agriculture. Measures of work stoppage and income loss in the high-frequency phone survey are generally consistent with gross domestic product growth projections in Latin America and the Caribbean but not in Sub-Saharan Africa. This suggests that the survey data contribute new and important information on economic impacts in low-income countries
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9510
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Firm Heterogeneity and the Impact of Payroll Taxes (2022)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (108 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Biro, Aniko Firm Heterogeneity and the Impact of Payroll Taxes
    Keywords: Employment and Unemployment ; Employment of Older Workers ; Firm Hetrogeneity ; Labor and Employment Law ; Labor Market ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Older Workers ; Payroll Tax ; Social Protections and Labor ; Tax Incidence ; Tax Law ; Taxation and Subsidies ; Unemployment
    Abstract: This paper studies the impact of a large payroll tax cut for older workers in Hungary. Motivated by the predictions of a standard equilibrium job search model, the paper examines the heterogeneous impact of the policy. Employment increases most at low-productivity firms offering low-wage jobs, which tend to hire from unemployment, while the effects are more muted for high-productivity firms offering high-wage jobs. At the same time, wages only increase at high-productivity firms. These results point to important heterogeneity in the incidence of payroll tax cuts across firms and highlight that payroll taxes have a significant impact on the composition of jobs in the labor market
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10265
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Take-Up and Labor Supply Responses to Disability Insurance Earnings Limits (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (37 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Kreko, Judit Take-Up and Labor Supply Responses to Disability Insurance Earnings Limits
    Keywords: Beneficiary Screening ; Disability ; Disability Insurance ; Earnings Limit ; Employment ; Labor Supply ; Policy Reform ; Social Protections and Labor
    Abstract: In most disability insurance programs, beneficiaries lose some or all of their benefits if they earn above an earnings threshold. While intended to screen out applicants with high remaining working capacity, earnings limits can also distort the labor supply of beneficiaries. This paper develops a simple framework to evaluate this trade-off. It uses a reduction in the earnings limit in Hungary to examine screening and labor supply responses. The findings show that the policy changed selection into the program modestly, but it reduced labor supply significantly. Viewed through the lens of the model, these findings suggest that the earnings threshold should be higher
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10325
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Advancing Health Financing Reforms Toward Universal Health Coverage in Kosovo (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: 2109
    Keywords: Gender and Economics ; Gender and Education ; Gender and Health ; Gender and Law ; Gender Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health Financing ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Social Programs ; Social Protections and Labor ; UHC ; Universal Health Coverage
    Abstract: The objective of this paper is to facilitate common understanding of the health financing situation in Kosovo, to serve as a basis for reaching a consensus on the way forward. The issue is motivated by a basic framework of health financing functions and how they contribute to UHC goals. Global good practices and examples from peer countries are presented in the Annex to providecomparisons with the situation in Kosovo. The paper describes the status of health financing and its implications for UHC. A long-term vision for health financing is presented and recommendations for possible short and medium term (3-5 years) policy priorities are provided based on the current situation and desirable trajectory. The exclusive focus on health financing is deliberate although otherimportant health system functions, such as service delivery and governance, will need to move in parallel for health financing reforms to achieve their intended outcomes
    DOI: 10.1596/40459
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
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