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  • 1
    Article
    Article
    Associated volumes
    In:  Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs Vol. 154, No. 3 (2014), p. 584-592
    ISSN: 0378-8741
    Language: Undetermined
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs
    Publ. der Quelle: Shannon : Elsevier Science Ireland
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 154, No. 3 (2014), p. 584-592
    DDC: 610
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  • 2
    Article
    Article
    Associated volumes
    In:  Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs Vol. 181 (2016), p. 229
    ISSN: 0378-8741
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs
    Publ. der Quelle: Shannon : Elsevier Science Ireland
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 181 (2016), p. 229
    DDC: 610
    Abstract: Pearl and nacre are valuable traditional medicines to treat palpitations, convulsions or epilepsy in China for thousands of years. However, the active ingredients are not clear till now. The main purpose of the current investigation was to assess the anticonvulsant and sedative-hypnotic activity of pearl powder and nacre powder, including their corresponding 6 protein extracts. Determination of the amino acid composition of the obtained protein was carried out by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) combined with 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate (AQC) pre-column derivatisation. The influence of the tested drugs on locomotor activity and convulsions latency was recorded. The contents of 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in brain were detected by enzyme-linked immunesorbent assay (ELISA) kits. In addition, immunohistochemistry was carried out to evaluate the changes of 5-HT3 and GABAB. In parallel, the expressions of them were demonstrated by western blot. The obtained data suggested that pearl original powder (1.1g/kg), pearl water-soluble protein (0.2g/kg), pearl acid-soluble protein (0.275g/kg), pearl conchiolin protein (1.1g/kg), nacre original powder (1.1g/kg), nacre water-soluble protein (0.2g/kg), nacre acid-soluble protein (0.7g/kg) and nacre conchiolin protein (1.1g/kg) could down-regulate the expression of 5-HT3 and up-regulate the level of GABAB to varying degrees compared with the control group. Besides, drug administration also reduced the locomotor activity and increased convulsions latency with a certain mortality. These findings correlated with the traditional use of pearl and nacre as sedation and tranquilization agents, thus making them interesting sources for further drug development and also providing critical important evidence for the selection of quality control markers.
    Note: Copyright: Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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  • 3
    Article
    Article
    Associated volumes
    In:  Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs Vol. 170 (2015), p. 50-56
    ISSN: 0378-8741
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs
    Publ. der Quelle: Shannon : Elsevier Science Ireland
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 170 (2015), p. 50-56
    DDC: 610
    Abstract: Jiegeng (Radix Platycodi), the dried root of Platycodon grandiflorum A. DC (Campanulaceae), has been used to treat cough, sore throat, bronchitis, and bronchial asthma for thousands of years. It is commonly prescribed with Gancao (Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae) as a herbal combination in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to produce synergistic effects. To elucidate the herbaceous compatibility of Jiegeng and Gancao, we investigated the comparative pharmacokinetics, intestinal absorption, and microbial metabolism of platycodin D (PD) and deapio-platycodin D (DPD), the platycodins contained in Jiegeng. In the comparative pharmacokinetic study, the concentrations of PD and DPD in Jiegeng extract (JE) and the Jiegeng-Gancao herb pair (JGHP) were determined in rat plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In addition, the main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using data analysis software (DAS). Furthermore, in vitro studies using Caco-2 cells and fecal lysates were performed to contradistinguish the intestinal absorption and microbial metabolism of PD and DPD in JE from those in JGHP. The peak concentration (Cmax) and area under the plasma concentration curve (AUC) of PD in rats orally administrated JGHP significantly increased compared to that in rats treated with JE. In addition, the time to reach peak concentration (Tmax) and half-life (t1/2) of PD and DPD in combination with JGHP were all prolonged compared with those of JE. There was no significant difference in the absorption of PD between JE and JGHP in Caco-2 cells. However, the hydrolysis of both PD and DPD in JGHP were weaker than that in JE after a 2-h incubation in fecal lysate which might be responsible for the different pharmacokinetic profiles of the platycodins in JE and JGHP. In this study, we discovered that Gancao might influence the pharmacokinetic profiles of PD and DPD in Jiegeng. Furthermore, the difference in profiles may be attributable to the inequable microbial metabolism rather than intestinal absorption of the platycodins in JE and JGHP. The results of this study elucidated the pharmacokinetic compatibility and rationale for the use of JGHP.
    Note: Copyright: Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0378-8741
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs
    Publ. der Quelle: Shannon : Elsevier Science Ireland
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 186 (2016), p. 103-110
    DDC: 610
    Abstract: Venenum Bufonis (VB), also called toad venom, has been widely used in clinic as a cardiotonic, anohyne and antineoplastic agents both in China and other Asian countries. However, its neurotoxicity and cardiotoxicity limit its wide clinical application. Compared with extensive attention attracted with cardiotoxicity, the toxic effect of VB on Central Nervous System (CNS) is much less studied. This study was performed to examine the neurotoxicity caused by VB on Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, then to clarify the mechanism in vivo by investigating its action on the neuroinflammation which possibly attributed to the activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway and the attenuation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Rats administrated with 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt (CMC-Na) aqueous solution and VB (100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg) were sacrificed at 2h, 4h, 6h, 8h, 24h and 48h. The brain level of neurotransmitters and their corresponding receptors, pro-inflammatory cytokines, BDNF/TrkB and NF-κB pathway-related proteins were examined, respectively. VB administration induced severe neurologic damage and neuroinflammation, as indicated by the disordered 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), dopamine (DA) and their corresponding receptors, together with the over production of inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). VB also notably promoted the expression of p-NF-κBp65, p-IκBα, p-IKKα and p-IKKβ and down-regulated the expression of BDNF and TrkB. This study demonstrates that VB triggers neurotoxicity which probably is induced by neuroinflammation via activating of NF-κB pathway and attenuating the expression of BDNF.
    Note: Copyright: © Elsevier Ireland Ltd , Copyright: Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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  • 5
    Article
    Article
    Associated volumes
    In:  Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs Vol. 174 (2015), p. 25
    ISSN: 0378-8741
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs
    Publ. der Quelle: Shannon : Elsevier Science Ireland
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 174 (2015), p. 25
    DDC: 610
    Abstract: Jinxin oral liquid (JOL) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula modified from ma-xing-shi-gan-tang, an ancient formula widely used in the treatment of respiratory diseases such as bronchitis, pneumonia, and asthma. In our previous studies, JOL was shown to safely and effectively treat viral pneumonia, especially that involving respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). To investigate the mechanism of the effect of JOL in RSV infected mice, using a metabolomics approach based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC/LTQ-Orbitrap-MS). BALB/c mice were divided into four groups, the control group (saline inoculation/no treatment), RSV group (RSV inoculation/saline treatment), RSV+JOL group (RSV inoculation/JOL treatment), and RSV+Riba group (RSV inoculation/ribavirin treatment). Plasma and lung tissue samples were collected 7 days after the inoculation/treatment protocols, and UPLC/LTQ-Orbitrap-MS method based on metabolomics was developed. Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were utilized to identify biomarkers potentially associated with the anti-RSV activity of JOL. JOL was associated with reduced inflammatory responses in RSV-infected lung tissue. The combination of PCA and OPLS-DA revealed deviations in 11 biomarkers in plasma, and 16 biomarkers in lung tissue induced by RSV that were corrected with JOL treatment. These biomarkers were primarily components of metabolic pathways involving glycerophosphocholines, sphingolipids, and glycerolipids. JOL was able to restore the abnormal levels of these biomarkers detected in the plasma and lung tissue of RSV-infected mice to approximately normal levels. This study suggested that JOL can treat RSV pneumonia effectively, partially by ameliorating the associated disturbances to lipid metabolism. The results provided insight into the anti-RSV mechanism of JOL, and also demonstrated that metabolomics is a valuable tool for investigating the efficacy of TCM treatment for RSV pneumonia, and the associated biomarkers involved.
    Note: Copyright: Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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  • 6
    Article
    Article
    Associated volumes
    In:  Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs Vol. 183 (2016), p. 38-45
    ISSN: 0378-8741
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs
    Publ. der Quelle: Shannon : Elsevier Science Ireland
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 183 (2016), p. 38-45
    DDC: 610
    Note: Copyright: © Elsevier Ireland Ltd
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  • 7
    Article
    Article
    Associated volumes
    In:  Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs Vol. 183 (2016), p. 38
    ISSN: 0378-8741
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs
    Publ. der Quelle: Shannon : Elsevier Science Ireland
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 183 (2016), p. 38
    DDC: 610
    Abstract: Banxia (BX) is the root of Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Berit. Its processed products, such as Jiang Banxia (JBX), have been clinically used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat vomiting, coughing, and inflammation. However, data for their safety for pregnant women are contradictory and confusing. To further explore the safety of BX, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) metabolomics approach was used to evaluate the metabolic perturbation in pregnant rats caused by BX and JBX. Placenta and amniotic fluid samples were collected from control Sprague-Dawley pregnant rats and exposed to BX suspension and JBX decoction (1.434g/kg/day). Samples were analyzed using LC-MS and GC-MS. The acquired MS data of above samples were further subjected to multivariate data analysis, and the significantly altered metabolites were identified. The associated pathways were constructed using MetaboAnalyst 3.0. The weight and histopathology of the placenta from each group of rats had no definite difference. However, we found 20 differential endogenous metabolites that changed significantly in the placenta and amniotic fluid samples. The alterations of identified metabolites indicated a perturbation in glycerophospholipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and carbohydrate metabolism in pregnant rats exposed to BX and JBX. In summary, this work suggested that oral administration of BX and JBX may induce disturbances in the intermediary metabolism in pregnant rats. This work contributes to further understanding the safety of BX and its processed products.
    Note: Copyright: Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9781786434487
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (256 pages)
    Parallel Title: Available in another form
    Keywords: Globalization ; Electronic books ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Contents: 1. Introduction to innovative capabilities and the globalization of Chinese firms / Maureen McKelvey and Jun Jin -- 2. Becoming leaders: How the Chinese knowledge-intensive innovation ecosystem affects the firms' search for innovation / Jun Jin and Maureen McKelvey -- 3. Evaluation of science parks in China through an innovation ecosystem perspective / Xiangdong Chen, Zhichun Liu, Valerie Marleen Hunstock -- 4. The influence of patent cooperation network on growth of technology-based smes: An example of the pharmaceutical industry in China / Liying Wang, Jiamin Wang, and Weijia Yu -- 5. What enables technological self-reliance? Theoretical discussion and comparative case study / Xi Sun -- 6. Chinese multi-national enterprises bridging technologies across home and host regions / Vito Amendolagine, Elisa Giuliani, Arianna Martinelli, and Roberta Rabellotti -- 7. Internationalisation for technological capability building: From production to innovation in a case study of goldwind technology / Ju Liu -- 8. Technology transfer and the internationalization process of the emerging market firm: A case study of the acquisition of volvo car corporation by zhejiang geely holding group / Claes G. Alvstam and Inge Ivarsson -- 9. Ideal types of reverse innovation for firms without overseas r&d centers: Case studies of Chinese firms / Jun Jin, Min Guo, Maureen McKelvey, Zhengyi Zhang -- 10. Indigenous Chinese innovation and the influence of global markets / Astrid Heidenmann Lassen -- 11. A case study of the link between artificial intelligence and knowledge creation in an emerging technology in China / Peder Veng Søberg -- 12. Cevt of geely: Cevt is a broker between geely and volvo cars and a global facilitator / Jun Jin, Maureen McKelvey, Zhengyi Zhang -- 13. Fit into innovation ecosystems: Case studies of huawei and xiaomi / Xingkun Liang, Xianwei Shi, Yongjiang Shi -- 14. Conclusions / Maureen McKelvey and Jun Jin -- Index.
    Abstract: "Focusing on knowledge-intensive and innovative entrepreneurial firms and multinationals, this book explains how Chinese firms are increasingly developing innovative capabilities and engaging in globalization. As Chinese firms become world-leaders in their markets and household names internationally, this timely book examines innovation ecosystems and their affect on Chinese firms to act on innovative opportunities. Cutting-edge chapters advance debates in entrepreneurship, innovation management, economic geography and international business, analysing the co-evolution between the innovation ecosystem and innovation capabilities of Chinese firms. Drawing attention to the interdependencies of globalization, mergers and acquisitions and innovation, leading scholars in Chinese economics and entrepreneurship unpack the role of market capabilities in the development process of innovation and globalization to mark the trajectories of global Chinese firms. Addressing key themes in Chinese entrepreneurship, this book is crucial reading for scholars and researchers of business and economics, particularly those focusing on innovative capabilities. Its practical insights and empirical findings will also be beneficial to practitioners and policymakers"--
    Note: Includes index , Includes bibliographical references
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