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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Policy and regulatory issues with digital businesses (2019)
    Washington, DC, USA : World Bank Group, Development Economics, Global Indicators Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 33 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8948
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Chen, Rong Policy and Regulatory Issues with Digital Businesses
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Advances in digital technology are expanding the boundaries of firms. Digital platform firms, which leverage a "platform" to create value through facilitating exchanges between two or more interdependent groups, are the new disrupters in the market. They exhibit distinct features such as scale without mass, positive network effects, accumulation of tremendous data, and a convoluted value creation process with user participation. Meanwhile, they bring more opportunities to traditional businesses by closely connecting suppliers and customers and reducing transaction frictions. Such a changing business landscape calls for adaptive policies and regulations. This policy paper lays out the key policy and regulatory issues around digital businesses. Competition laws need to be revisited to address the winner-take-all tendency of digital platform businesses. Tax systems should also be updated to close the loopholes available to digital platform businesses so that they pay their fair share to society. This paper also provides the first analysis of the World Bank's Digital Business Indicators initiative, which collects information on the existence and quality of regulations in broadband connectivity, digital payment, data privacy and security, as well as logistics, in 21 pilot countries. It aims to explore the possibilities for developing the regulatory and policy indicators that governments can work with to promote the digital economy
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8948
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Can regulation promote financial inclusion? (2019)
    Washington, DC, USA : World Bank Group, Development Economics, Global Indicators Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 18 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8711
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Chen, Rong Can Regulation Promote Financial Inclusion?
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Despite the commitments of the development community toward broader access to finance, financial inclusion rates worldwide are rather unsatisfactory. To date, around two billion adults do not have access to basic financial services such as savings and checking accounts. Attempting to bridge such gap between policy objectives and outcomes, several economists have probed the determinants of financial inclusion. This paper contributes to the debate by investigating the role played by financial regulation. First, the paper proposes a broad index of regulatory quality for financial inclusion, emphasizing the role of nontraditional delivery models, for example, branchless banking, and actors, for example, nonbank lending institutions. Second, the paper tests the relationship between regulatory quality and financial inclusion outcomes. The analysis finds that in countries where regulatory quality is within the top quartile, individuals are 12.4 percent more likely to have an account at a financial institution with respect to bottom quartile countries
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8711
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mapping Data Governance Legal Frameworks Around the World : Findings from the Global Data Regulation Diagnostic (2021)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (46 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Print Version: Chen, Rong Mapping Data Governance Legal Frameworks Around the World: Findings from the Global Data Regulation Diagnostic
    Abstract: A robust data governance regulatory environment, encompassing both safeguards that protect the rights of market players and enablers that facilitate use/reuse of data, provide an important foundation for trust in the data economy. This paper presents the methodology and findings from a Global Data Regulation Diagnostic. The Global Data Regulation diagnostic is a detailed assessment of laws and regulations on data governance, covering both safeguards and enablers for data governance across 80 countries ranging from low to high income groups. Diagnostic results show that countries have put in greater effort in adopting enabling regulations than regulatory safeguards. However, the development of both enablers and safeguards remains at an intermediate stage: only 41 percent of good practices for safeguards and 47 percent for enablers have been adopted across countries. The diagnostic identifies gaps in the regulatory framework across several important dimensions including safeguards for personal and nonpersonal data, cross-border data flows and cybersecurity, as well as enablers for public and private intent data, as well as e-commerce. While higher income countries are typically more advanced than their lower income counterparts, significant gaps nonetheless remain in the regulatory framework for data across all income groups
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9615
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Demand-Side View of Mobile Internet Adoption in the Global South (2021)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (30 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Print Version: Chen, Rong A Demand-Side View of Mobile Internet Adoption in the Global South
    Abstract: Mobile technologies show great potential to accelerate internet access and usage, especially in developing countries. A better understanding of key drivers and main constraints for mobile internet access is the first prerequisite for governments to design targeted policy solutions. This study exploits a household survey that collects information on information and communications technology access and usage at the household and individual levels in 22 countries in the Global South. The study finds that in addition to infrastructure investment, which has been the main focus of many developing countries, other demand-side factors are of critical importance. Across the developing world, females, the elderly, those who live in rural areas, and those who have a relatively low level of income or education are less likely to adopt mobile internet. Social network effects are found to have a significant positive impact on the usage of mobile internet. Those who have more close friends using an online social network are more likely to adopt mobile internet. Individuals whose five closest friends are using an online social network (such as Facebook or Twitter) are 63.1 percent more likely to adopt it than those without any close friends using such online social network sites/apps. Across regions, although the factors affecting the adoption of mobile internet remain largely the same, the magnitudes of their impacts vary. In Asia, gender differences are negatively associated with mobile internet. In Africa, the impact of education level is more salient than in the other two regions, implying an urgent need to improve digital literacy
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9590
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chinese politeness : diachrony, variation and universals in politeness theory (2024)
    Cambridge, United Kingdom New York, NY : Cambridge University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781009281201
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 204 Seiten)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 306.44
    Keywords: Chinese language ; Politeness (Linguistics)
    Abstract: Politeness in Chinese is a well-researched concept in pragmatics; however, this pioneering book sheds an original new light on the subject. It provides a thorough diachronic investigation of Chinese politeness, and argues for universality in politeness theorizing. The author takes us on a journey through changes in Chinese politeness from Confucius to the present day, showing how these processes are reactions to the changing world, rather than to changes in the principles of politeness itself. He splits Chinese face into Face1 and Face2 - the former referring to the person and the latter to the persona of the speaker - and presents a model of Chinese politeness (MCP). He then proposes B&L-E (Brown and Levinson Extended) by incorporating the theoretical constructs of self-politeness and impoliteness. This title is part of the Flip it Open Programme and may also be available Open Access. Check our website Cambridge Core for details.
    DOI: 10.1017/9781009281201
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009281201
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    Online Resource
    München BSB
    BSZ
    GBV
    KOBV
    HeBIS
    BVB
  • 6
    Article
    Article
    Protective effect of Naoxintong against cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in mice (2016)
    Associated volumes
    In:  Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs Vol. 182 (2016), p. 181-189
    Details
    ISSN: 0378-8741
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs
    Publ. der Quelle: Shannon : Elsevier Science Ireland
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 182 (2016), p. 181-189
    DDC: 610
    Abstract: Naoxintong (NXT), a renowned traditional Chinese medicine in China, has been used for the treatment of acute and chronic cardio-cerebrovascular diseases in clinic for more than 20 years. To evaluate the potential neuroprotective effect of NXT against ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice and investigate the underlying mechanisms. Focal cerebral I/R injury in adult male CD-1 mice was induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) for 1h followed by reperfusion for 23h. Mice were randomly divided into five groups: Sham group; tMCAO group; Vehicle group; NXT-treated groups at doses of 0.36g/kg and 0.54g/kg. The effects of NXT on murine neurological function were estimated by neurological defect scores, infarct volume and brain water content at 24h after tMCAO. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect the expression of LOX-1, pERK1/2 and NF-κB at 24h after tMCAO. qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of LOX-1 and NF-κB at 24h after tMCAO. Compared with Vehicle group, 0.54g/kg group of NXT significantly ameliorated neurological outcome, infarction volume and brain water content, decreased the expression of LOX-1, pERK1/2 and NF-κB (P〈0.05). NXT protected the mice brain against I/R injury, and this protection maybe associated with the down-regulation of LOX-1, pERK1/2 and NF-κB expression.
    Note: Copyright: Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.02.022
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26902830
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Article
    OLC Ethnologie
  • 7
    Book
    Book
    Religious trends in modern China : Delivered as The Haskell Lectures, 1950 at the University of Chicago (1953)
    New York : Columbia Univ. Press
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: XIII, 327 S.
    Series Statement: Lectures on the history of religionsLectures on the history of religions : New series 3
    Series Statement: The Haskell lectures 1950
    Series Statement: Lectures on the history of religions
    Series Statement: The Haskell lectures
    RVK:
    BE 8600
    RVK:
    LB 21000
    Keywords: Religion ; China ; China ; Religion
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Book
    KOBV
    BVB
  • 8
    Microfilm
    Microfilm
    Religious trends in modern China (1953)
    New York : Columbia Univ. Press
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: XIII, 327 S.
    Series Statement: Lectures on the history of religions N.s. No. 3
    RVK:
    BE 8600
    RVK:
    LB 21000
    URL: Katalogkarte der UB Frankfurt
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Microfilm
    HeBIS
  • 9
    Book
    Book
    Religiöses Leben im heutigen China (1955)
    München : Barth
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 279 S , 8°
    Uniform Title: Religious trends in modern China 〈dt.〉
    Keywords: China ; Religion
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Book
    MARKK
  • 10
    Book
    Book
    Religious trends in modern China (1953)
    Details
    Language: English
    Series Statement: Lectures on the history of religions. N.S. 3
    RVK:
    BE 8600
    RVK:
    LB 21000
    Keywords: Religion ; China ; China ; Religion
    Description / Table of Contents: New York: Columbia Univ. Pr. 1953. XIII, 327 S. (Haskell lectures 1950).〈br〉(Lectures on the history of religions. N.S. 3.)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Book
    BVB
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