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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Promoting a New Economy for the Middle East and North Africa (2019)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: Countries in the Middle E ...
    DOI: 10.1596/31984
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    What Drives the Global "Land Rush"? (2011)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (33 p)
    Edition: 2011 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Arezki, Rabah What Drives the Global "Land Rush"?
    Abstract: The 2007-2008 upsurge in agricultural commodity prices gave rise to widespread concern about investors causing a "global land rush". Large land deals can provide opportunities for better access to capital, transfer of technology, and advances in productivity and employment generation. But they carry risks of dispossession and loss of livelihoods, corruption, deterioration in local food security, environmental damage, and long-term social polarization that led some countries to recently pass legislation restricting foreign land acquisition. To stimulate evidence-based debate, this paper explores determinants of foreign land acquisition for large-scale agriculture. It quantifies demand for land deals, showing it focused on Africa where land expansion is about 20 times the level it was in the past. The analysis uses data on bilateral investment relationships, together with newly constructed indicators of agro-ecological suitability in non-protected and forested areas with low population density as well as land rights security. It estimates gravity models that can help identify determinants of foreign land acquisition dedicated to large-scale agriculture. The results confirm the central role of agro-ecological potential as a pull factor. In contrast to the literature on foreign investment in general, the quality of the business climate is insignificant, whereas weak land governance and tenure security for current users make countries more attractive for investors. Implications for policy are discussed
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-5864
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Relative Volatility of Commodity Prices : A Reappraisal (2011)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (31 p)
    Edition: 2011 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Arezki, Rabah The Relative Volatility of Commodity Prices
    Abstract: This paper studies the volatility of commodity prices on the basis of a large dataset of monthly prices observed in international trade data from the United States over the period 2002 to 2011. The conventional wisdom in academia and policy circles is that primary commodity prices are more volatile than those of manufactured products, although most of the existing evidence does not actually attempt to measure the volatility of prices of individual goods or commodities. The literature tends to focus on trends in the evolution and volatility of ratios of price indexes composed of multiple commodities and products. This approach can be misleading. Indeed, the evidence presented in this paper suggests that on average prices of individual primary commodities are less volatile than those of individual manufactured goods. However, the challenges of managing terms of trade volatility in developing countries with concentrated export baskets remain
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-5903
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Reforms and External Imbalances : The Labor-Productivity Connection in the Middle East and North Africa (2019)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (55 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Middle East and North Africa Economic Update
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: World Bank economists expect GDP growth in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) to continueat a modest pace of 1.5 percent in 2019, slightly down from 1.6 percent in 2018. The declme reflectsa contraction in one large economy, which more than offsets growth in other countries. In the mediumterm, the World Bank expects real GDP in the MENA to grow at 3.4 percent and 2.7 percent in 2020and 2021, respectively. The expected upswing is partially driven by ongoing policy reforms, as wellas reconstruction efforts in some countries. However, MENA's modest recovery will be insufficientto change its historically low growth in per capita GDP. External factors are unlikely to pull the regionout of its low-growth equilibrium. In addition, many countries in the region have persistent currentaccount deficits. A recent deterioration in external balances across MENA constrained the region'sability to finance these deficits. Although the region has a low risk of experiencing sudden reversalsin capital inflows in the short run, structural reforms capable of raising aggregate labor productivityare urgently needed to gradually reduce external imbalances. The report concludes by providingexamples of reforms in fiscal policies, trade-related policies, social protection and labor markets, andstate-owned enterprises (SOEs) in network industries
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1408-2
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Promouvoir une concurrence loyale : Promouvoir une concurrence loyale - pour atteindre de nouveaux sommets dans la region Moyen-Orient et Afrique du Nord (2020)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (80 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: La premiere partie du present rapport examine les perspectives de croissance a court et a moyen terme des pays de la region Moyen-Orient et Afrique du Nord (MENA). Elle indique que la region devrait enregistrer un taux de croissance modeste de 0,6 % en 2019, qui devrait monter a 2,6 % en 2020 et atteindre 2,9 % en 2021. Les previsions de croissance pour 2019 ont ete reduites de 0,8 point de pourcentage par rapport aux projections d'avril 2019. Des risques baissiers substantiels pesent sur les perspectives economiques de la region - les plus notables etant l'intensification des difficultes de l'economie mondiale et l'accroissement des tensions geopolitiques.Dans la deuxieme partie du rapport, il est demontre que les pays de la region doivent asseoir une concurrence loyale pour passer completement d'une economie administree a une economie de marche. Les auteurs commencent par examiner les politiques de concurrence en vigueur dans la region, puis appellent au renforcement des lois sur la concurrence et des organismes charges de les faire respecter, en vue de promouvoir des pratiques equitables. Ils preconisent egalement de transformer les entreprises publiques en societes commerciales, d'encourager le secteur prive et d'uniformiser les regles du jeu pour tous. Toute initiative de reforme des economies de la region serait appuyee par une gestion professionnelle des actifs publics, laquelle pourrait puiser dans une nouvelle source de richesse nationale
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1513-3
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The shifting natural wealth of nations : the role of market orientation (2018)
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group, Middle East and North Africa Region, Office of the Chief Economist
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8520
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Arezki, Rabah The Shifting Natural Wealth of Nations: The Role of Market Orientation
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper explores the effect of market orientation on (known) natural resource wealth using a novel dataset of world-wide major hydrocarbon and mineral discoveries. Consistent with the predictions of a two-region model, the empirical estimates based on a large panel of countries show that increased market orientation causes a significant increase in discoveries of natural resources. In a thought experiment whereby economies in Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa remained closed, they would have only achieved one quarter of the actual increase in discoveries they have experienced since the early 1990s. The results call into question the commonly held view that natural resource endowments are exogenous
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8520
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The globalization of farmland : theory and empirical evidence (2018)
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group, Middle East and North Africa Region, Development Research Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8456
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Arezki, Rabah The Globalization of Farmland: Theory and Empirical Evidence
    Keywords: Agrarboden ; Ernährungssicherung ; Auslandsinvestition ; Bodenrecht ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper is the first to provide both theoretical and empirical evidence of farmland globalization whereby international investors directly acquire large tracts of agricultural land in other countries. A theoretical framework explains the geography of farmland acquisitions as a function of cross-country differences in technology, endowments, trade costs, and land governance. An empirical test of the model using global data on transnational deals shows that international farmland investments are on the aggregate likely motivated by re-exports to investor countries rather than to world markets. This contrasts with traditional foreign direct investment patterns where horizontal as opposed to vertical foreign direct investment dominates
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8456
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    On the asymmetry of global spillovers : emerging markets vs. advanced economies (2018)
    Washington, DC, USA : World Bank Group, Middle East and North Africa Region, Office of the Chief Economist
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 31 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8662
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8662
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The economics of sustainability : causes and consequences of energy market transformation (2019)
    Washington, DC, USA : World Bank Group, Middle East and North Africa Region, Office of the Chief Economist
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 18 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8858
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Arezki, Rabah The Economics of Sustainability: Causes and Consequences of Energy Market Transformation
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The paper deals with the economics of sustainability associated with the transformation of energy markets. It emphasizes the interrelations between technical changes and energy markets and how in turn the resulting transformations alter the sustainability of economic systems that are dependent on these markets. It also explores how innovation (or the lack thereof) is intimately linked to the ability of energy rich economies to adapt and transform. The agenda is especially relevant for oil rich countries that have announced or already put in place policies to help transform their economies and move away from dependence on oil. The agenda is also relevant for the global community, as it relates to the economic consequences of the needed transformation of energy markets to support the goal of limiting global warming by reducing greenhouse gas emissions
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8858
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Contagious protests (2020)
    [Washington, DC, USA] : World Bank Group, Middle East and North Africa Region, Office of the Chief Economist
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 9321
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Arezki, Rabah Contagious Protests
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper explores the spillover of protests across countries using data on nonviolent and spontaneous demonstrations for 200 countries from 2000 to 2020. Using an autoregressive spatial model, the analysis finds strong evidence of "contagious protests," with a catalyzing role of social media. In particular, social media penetration in the source and destination of protests leads to protest spillovers between countries. There is evidence of parallel learning between streets of nations alongside the already documented learning between governments
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9321
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
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