ISBN:
9780128042601
Language:
English
Pages:
1 Online-Ressource (322 pages)
Parallel Title:
Print version Leefmann, Jon The Human Sciences after the Decade of the Brain
DDC:
305.800967
Keywords:
Ethnology--Africa, Central
;
Ethnology ; Sudan
;
Ethnology ; Africa, Central
;
Electronic books
Abstract:
Front Cover -- The Human Sciences After the Decade of the Brain -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Introduction -- I. Prospects and Limitations of Neuroscience Research in the Humanities and Social Sciences -- 1 Neurophilosophy or Philosophy of Neuroscience? What Neuroscience and Philosophy Can and Cannot Do for Each Other -- Introduction -- What Is the Philosophy of Neuroscience? -- Neurophilosophy: How to Combine Neuroscientific Findings with Philosophical Theory -- Neurophilosophy in Action: Personal Identity and Memory Research -- What Neuroscience and Philosophy Can and Cannot Do for Each Other -- References -- 2 Philosophical Puzzles Evade Empirical Evidence: Some Thoughts and Clarifications Regarding the Relation Between Brain Sci... -- Philosophy-to-Science: Ethics, Logic, Terminology, and Clarity -- Science-to-Philosophy: Can Scientific Data Settle Philosophical Debates? -- Case One: Philosophy of Perception -- Case Two: The Mind-Body Problem -- Conclusion -- References -- 3 "Who's Afraid of the Big Bad Neuroscience?" Neuroscience's Impact on Our Notions of Self and Free Will -- Introduction -- The Promises and Perils of Neuroscience -- The Selves of Neuroscience and Our Selves -- Conclusion -- References -- 4 Free Will-Between Philosophy and Neuroscience -- Free Will and Philosophy -- Defining Free Will -- Free Will and Mental Causation -- Free Will and Neuroscience-Libet's Approach -- The Definition of Free Will in Libet's Experiments -- Libet's Experiments -- Problems With Libet's Approach -- Libet's Legacy in Neuroscience -- Free Will and Neuroscience-Tse's Approach -- Conclusions and Further Research -- References -- 5 Histories of the Brain: Toward a Critical Interaction of the Humanities and Neurosciences -- On the History of Neurosciences, the Old-Fashioned Way
Abstract:
On Neurohistory, or on Making History After the Neuro-turn -- Toward a Critical History of the Neuro-turn, or "Plasticity and its Discontents" -- References -- II. The Neurosciences of Social Sciences and Ethics -- 6 The Theory of Brain-Sign: A New Model of Brain Operation -- Introduction -- Background on Brain-Sign Theory -- An Overview of Brain-Sign Theory -- The Beneficial Results of Substituting Brain-Sign for Consciousness: (i) Physical Communication -- (ii) Rejection of Psycholo... -- The Three Categories of Brain-Sign: (i) Categories-of-the-World -- (ii) Categories-of-Interaction -- and (iii) Language -- Some Notes on Neural Functioning -- The Human Sciences after Brain-Sign Theory -- References -- 7 On the Redundancies of "Social Agency" -- Introduction -- There Is No Such Thing as Social Agency -- Clarifications -- Thinking Is "Structured" -- Concept Learning -- Conceptual Characteristics and Thinking -- Potential Criticisms -- Structural Changes and Agency -- Who Made Who? -- Empirical Evidence for Agency and Against Social Agency -- How Does Agency Come About? -- Volition and Consciousness Awareness -- Structure and Top-Down Effects in Perception -- Reactivation of Stored Representations and Top-Down Effects -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 8 Two Kinds of Reverse Inference in Cognitive Neuroscience -- Introduction -- Location-Based Reverse Inference -- LRI: General Problems and Limitations -- Pattern-Based Reverse Inference -- ConcluSION -- References -- 9 The Neuroscience of Ethics Beyond the Is-Ought Orthodoxy: The Example of the Dual Process Theory of Moral Judgment -- Introduction -- Part One: Is-Ought Orthodoxy -- Hume's Is vs Ought Distinction -- Moore's Naturalistic Fallacy -- Is-Ought and Neuroethics -- Part Two: Neuroscience of Ethics Beyond the "Is-Ought" Problem -- The Dual Process Model of Moral Cognition
Abstract:
The Limits of Neuroimaging -- The Gap Between Psychology and Neuroscience -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- III. The Neurosciences in Society. Social, Cultural, and Ethical Implications of the Neuro-Turn -- 10 Effects of the Neuro-Turn: The Neural Network as a Paradigm for Human Self-Understanding -- Introduction -- The Neuro-Turn in the Sciences -- New Self-Concepts and Their Ontological Underpinnings -- Computing Life -- Representations of the Neural Net in Cinematic Narratives -- Closing Remarks -- References -- Movies -- Projects -- 11 Brain, Art, Salvation. On the Traditional Character of the Neuro-Hype -- Introduction: Some Theses about the Character of Neurologization -- Incorrect Use of Language and the Academic Criticism Thereof -- Invading Society: Neuro-Art for Instance -- Neuro-Philosophy and its Metaphysics -- Neurologization and the European Search for Salvation -- On Applied Ethics and the Background of the Given Interpretations -- References -- 12 "A Mind Plague on Both Your Houses": Imagining the Impact of the Neuro-Turn on the Neurosciences -- Setting the Stage: Definitions and Scope -- Case Study: 2012-13 Backlash -- Case Study: An Open Letter to the Human Brain Project -- What's at Stake and for Whom? Translation, Reputation, and Marketability -- References -- 13 Being a Good External Frontal Lobe: Parenting Teenage Brains -- Introduction -- Teen Brain Plasticity and the Maturing Prefrontal Cortex Thesis -- Acting as an External Frontal Lobe: Two Moral Repertoires of Parenting Teenage Brains -- Parenting Turmoil: The Teenage Brain and Ideals of Good Parenting -- Conclusion: Popular Neuroscience as Ethics Through Different Means -- References -- 14 Toward Neuroscience Literacy?-Theoretical and Practical Considerations -- Introduction -- Considerations on the Conceptualization of Neuroscience Literacy
Abstract:
An Educational Gap -- Considering Teachers' Literacy -- Science Education in Biology Classrooms through "Everyday Myths" -- Mechanized Man -- Demystified Man -- Manipulated Man -- Manipulated Society -- Conclusion -- References -- 15 "Strangers" in Neuroscientific Research -- Introduction -- The Human Brain Project -- General Description -- Controversy in the Neuroscientific Community-The Open Letter -- The Ethics Advisory Board -- Challenges -- Specific Challenges in the HBPj -- Big Data-Big Neuroscience -- Organization and Information Flow -- Expectations Regarding the Aims of the Projects -- Specific Challenges for the EAB -- Determining the Expectations for the EAB -- Independence and the Composition of Members -- Addressing the Challenges -- Principles -- Primum Non Nocere-First Do No Harm -- Weighing Benefits and Harm -- Transparency -- Why Principles-And Why These Three?p -- Measures -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 16 At the Push of a Button, Narrative Strategies and the Image of Deep Brain Stimulation -- Introduction -- Putting DBS in Place -- "At the Push of a Button": Switching DBS on and Off for Observation -- The Metaphorical Meanings of On and Off -- A Good Story Needs a Plot Point -- "And This Works, Like That, Instantly" -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Author Index -- Subject Index -- Back Cover
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