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  • Science—Philosophy.
  • Metaphysics
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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    The Philosophy of symbolic forms (1953-)
    New Haven [u.a.] : Yale Univ. Press
    Details
    Language: English
    Uniform Title: Philosophie der symbolischen Formen 〈engl.〉
    Keywords: Language and languages ; Philosophy ; Knowledge, Theory of ; Symbolism ; Mythology ; Metaphysics ; Symbol ; Philosophie ; Theoretische Philosophie
    Description / Table of Contents: v. 1. Language.--v. 2. Mythical thought.--v. 3. The phenomenology of knowledge.--v. 4. The metaphysics of symbolic forms
    Note: Vol. 4: Edited by John Michael Krois and Donald Phillip Verene; translated by John Michael Krois
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    MPI-MMG
  • 2
    Book
    Book
    Philosophie der symbolischen Formen (1953-)
    Darmstadt : Wiss. Buchges.
    Associated volumes
    Details
    ISBN: 3534124812 , 3534059360
    Language: German
    Pages: 4 Bd.
    DDC: 193.9
    RVK:
    BF 5360
    RVK:
    CC 4400
    RVK:
    CI 2002
    RVK:
    CI 2004
    RVK:
    ER 600
    RVK:
    LH 61100
    Keywords: Language and languages Philosophy ; Knowledge, Theory of ; Symbolism ; Mythology ; Metaphysics ; Symbolism ; Symbol ; Philosophie ; Symbol ; Philosophie ; Symbolik ; Sprache ; Denken ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Mythologie
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    Ethn. Museum Berlin
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Image
    Image
    Rough metaphysics : the speculative thought and mediumship of Jane Roberts (2023)
    Minneapolis : University of Minnesota Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781517915155 , 9781517915162
    Language: English
    Pages: 384 Seiten , Illustrationen, Diagramme , 22 cm
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Skafish, Peter Rough Metaphysics
    DDC: 133.9092
    Keywords: Roberts, Jane Philosophy ; Channeling (Spiritualism) Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Imagination (Philosophy) ; Psychics Psychology
    Abstract: "Examining the writings of the medium and "rough metaphysician" Jane Roberts (1929-1984), Skafish questions what outsider thinkers teach us about the limitations of even our most critical intellectual habits. Seductively written and surprising in its turns of thought, Rough Metaphysics calls for a new way of doing (and undoing) philosophy through anthropology, and vice versa"-- Provided by publisher. "A powerful case for why anthropology should study outsiders of thought and their speculative ideas What sort of thinking is needed to study anomalies in thought? In this trenchantly argued and beautifully written book, anthropologist Peter Skafish explores this provocative question by examining the writings of the medium and "rough metaphysician" Jane Roberts (1929-1984). Through a close interpretation of her own published texts as well as those she understood herself to have dictated for her cohort of channeled personalities-including one, named "Seth," who would inspire the New Age movement, Skafish shows her intuitive and dreamlike work to be a source of rigorously inventive ideas about science, ontology, translation, and pluralism. Arguing that Roberts's writings contain philosophies ahead of their time, he also asks: How might our understanding of speculative thinking change if we consider the way untrained writers, occult visionaries, and their counterparts in other cultural traditions undertake it? What can outsider thinkers teach us about the limitations of even our most critical intellectual habits?Rough Metaphysics is at once an ethnography of the books of a strange and yet remarkable writer, a commentary on the unlikely philosophy contained in them, and a call for a new way of doing (and undoing) philosophy through anthropology, and vice versa. In guiding the reader through Roberts's often hallucinatory "world of concepts," Skafish also develops a series of original interpretations of thinkers-from William James to Claude Lévi-Strauss to Paul Feyerabend-who have been vital to anthropologists and their fellow travelers. Seductively written and surprising in its turns of thought, Rough Metaphysics is a feast for anyone who wants to learn how to think something new, especially about thought"-- Provided by publisher.
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Book
    Book
    Neo-Aristotelian perspectives on formal causation (2023)
    New York : Routledge
    Associated volumes
    Details
    ISBN: 9780367723361
    Language: English
    Pages: XV, 299 Seiten , Illustrationen , 23 cm
    Series Statement: Routledge studies in metaphysics
    DDC: 122
    Keywords: Aristotle -- https://isni.org/isni/0000000123748095 ; Causation ; Hylomorphism ; Metaphysics ; Science -- Philosophy
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Enactive Cognition in Place : Sense-Making as the Development of Ecological Norms (2023)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031202827
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XV, 221 p.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    Series Statement: New Directions in Philosophy and Cognitive Science
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Cognitive science. ; Phenomenology . ; Philosophy of mind. ; Science
    Abstract: Chapter One: Introduction: From the Embodied Mind to the Emplacement of the Living Body -- Chapter Two: Worlds Apart: Are Our Minds Enclosed Inside Our Heads? -- Chapter Three: Enactive Cognition: From Sensorimotor Interactions to Autonomy and Normative Behaviour -- Chapter Four: Body-World Entanglement: On Sense-Making as Norm Development -- Chapter Five: The Ecological Dimension of Sense-Making: The Active Role of the Environment in Processes of Norm Development: The Environment as an Active Ecological Field -- Chapter Six: Sense-Making as Place-Norms: Inhabiting the World with Others -- Chapter Seven: Finale: Situating the Enactive Approach.
    Abstract: This book aims to enrich our understanding of the role the environment plays in processes of life and cognition, from the perspective of enactive cognitive science. Miguel A. Sepúlveda-Pedro offers an unprecedented interpretation of the central claims of the enactive approach to cognition, supported by contemporary works of ecological psychology and phenomenology. The enactive approach conceives cognition as sense-making, a phenomenon emerging from the organizational nature of the living body that evolves in human beings through sensorimotor, intercorporeal, and linguistic interactions with the environment. From this standpoint, Sepúlveda-Pedro suggests incorporating three new theses into the theoretical body of the enactive approach: sense-making and cognition fundamentally consist of processes of norm development; the environment, cognitive agents actually interact with, is an active ecological field enacted in their historical past; and sense-making occurs in a domain consisting of multiple normative dimensions that the author names enactive place. Miguel A. Sepúlveda-Pedro is a Post-Doctoral Research Fellow at the Institute for Philosophical Research at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM).
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-20282-7
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Beyond the Brain : How The Mind and The Body Shape Each Other? (2023)
    Singapore : Springer Nature Singapore | Singapore : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789811995583
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(VI, 118 p. 3 illus., 1 illus. in color.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Philosophy of mind. ; Science
    Abstract: Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. The Conceptual Fetters of the Mind-body Problem -- Chapter 3. From ‘the Mind Isolated with the Body’ to ‘the Mind Being Embodied’ -- Chapter 4. In What Sense Should We Talk about the Perception of Other Minds? -- Chapter 5. Comparative Perspectives on Solutions for the Problem of Other Minds -- Chapter 6. The Justification of Knowledge and the Limits of Mind -- Chapter 7. What Makes Consciousness ‘Conscious’? -- Chapter 8. Social Shaping of Emotion.
    Abstract: Different from traditional research on the mind-body problem often discussed from an epistemological viewpoint, which assumes that mental processes are internal to the person, this book demonstrates the crucial role of contextual relevance in the workings of the mind and illustrates how mind emerges from the individual's interactions with her physical, social, and cultural environments. It also develops the interpersonal and social aspects of embodied mind. The body that creates meaning is not only an emotional, kinesthetic, and aesthetically experiencing body; the body that creates meaning is a social body. It suggests that mind-body relations are not only achieved through the interaction between our own mind and body, but by other minds in our intersubjective interactions. It is related to epistemology, metaphysics, ethics, value theory, action theory, and the philosophies of mind, science, logic, and technology. The readership may include graduate and undergraduate students studying philosophy, law, political science, sociology, psychology, etc., educators, researchers, scholars, and anyone who shows an interest in philosophy.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-9558-3
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    URL: Cover
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Critical Minerals, the Climate Crisis and the Tech Imperium (2023)
    Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031255779
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XVII, 210 p. 21 illus., 8 illus. in color.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    Series Statement: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 65
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Science—History. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Human ecology—Study and teaching. ; Political planning. ; International relations. ; Political science. ; Human ecology ; Science ; Science
    Abstract: Foreword (Morgan Bazilian and Dolf Gielen) -- Introduction (Sophia Kalantzakos) -- Section I -- Chapter 1. Between Rocks and Hard Places: Geopolitics of Net zero futures and the tech imperium (Sophia Kalantzakos) -- Chapter 2. Interdependence vs. Geopolitics: Securitization and Partial Recoupling of U.S.-China Relations (Xiaoyu Pu) -- Chapter 3. Securing Supply Chain Resiliency for Critical Rare Earth Metals (Kristin Vekasi) -- Section II -- Chapter 4. Public Policy Toward Critical Materials: A False Dichotomy, a Messy Middle Ground, and Seven Guiding Principles (Roderick Eggert) -- Chapter 5. Lessons from Three Decades in the Rare Earth Trenches (Constantine Karayannopoulos and Vasileios Tsianos) -- Chapter 6. The Paradox of Green Growth: Challenges and Opportunities in Decarbonizing the Electric Vehicle Supply Chain. (Chris Berry) -- Chapter 7. Raw material demands for the Green Transition. Risks, opportunities, and required actions to meet the 2030 climate targets. (Roland Gauß, Carsten Gellermann, Alexander Maurer) -- Section III -- Chapter 8. Social and environmental impacts of rare earth mining and processing: Scoping and preliminary assessment (Julie Michelle Klinger) -- Chapter 9. The Social Conundrum of Eco-centric Activism against Oceanic Minerals (Saleem Ali) -- Chapter 10. The ESG Triangle: How Lithium Mining in Latin America Could Point the Way Toward Long-term Environmental and Social Value Strategies (Owen Pell) -- Index.
    Abstract: This book examines the latest manifestations of resource competition. The energy transition and the digitalization of the global economy are both accelerating even as geopolitics driven by Sino-American hyper-competition become increasingly contentious. The volume brings together an interdisciplinary group of scholars, policy makers, institutional stakeholders, and industry experts to analyze not only the transition itself, but also the implications that the need for uninterrupted access to unprecedented levels of raw materials generates. By framing the challenges ahead for global society, governance, industry, international power politics, and the environment, the book asks hard questions about the choices that need to be made to reach net zero by mid-century. Moreover, it sheds light on different facets of the growing risks to what have been global interdependent supply chains in a way that is nuanced, balanced, and practical, thus pushing back on some of the most sensational headlines that breed confusion and may lead policymakers to make more narrow and less effective decisions. The volume is an outcome of “Rich Rocks, the Climate Crisis and the Tech-imperium” a Summer Institute at Caltech and the Huntington that took place in July 2021.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-25577-9
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Knowledge, Mind and Reality: An Introduction by Early Twentieth-Century American Women Philosophers (2023)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031244377
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XI, 344 p. 2 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    Series Statement: Women in the History of Philosophy and Sciences 18
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy—History. ; Science—Philosophy. ; United States—History. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Metaphysics. ; Philosophy of mind. ; Science ; Philosophy ; United States
    Abstract: Chapter 1. Nature of philosophy -- Chapter 2. Knowledge: reason and experience -- Chapter 3. Science and objectivity -- Chapter 4. The physical and the material -- Chapter 5. Individuals and time -- Chapter 6. Freedom and time.
    Abstract: This book is the first volume featuring the work of American women philosophers in the first half of the twentieth century. It provides selected papers authored by Mary Whiton Calkins, Grace Andrus de Laguna, Grace Neal Dolson, Marjorie Glicksman Grene, Marjorie Silliman Harris, Thelma Zemo Lavine, Marie Collins Swabey, Ellen Bliss Talbot, Dorothy Walsh and Margaret Floy Washburn. The book also provides the historical and philosophical background to their work. The papers focus on the nature of philosophy, knowledge, the philosophy of science, the mind-matter nexus, the nature of time, and the question of freedom and the individual. The material is suitable for scholars, researchers and advanced philosophy students interested in (history of) philosophy; theories of knowledge; philosophy of science; mind, and reality.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-24437-7
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Normativity, Lifeworld, and Science in Sellars’ Synoptic Vision (2023)
    Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland | Cham : Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031270260
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(VII, 321 p. 2 illus., 1 illus. in color.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy, American. ; Phenomenology . ; Science
    Abstract: 1. Introduction -- 2. Prelude: Sellars’ Project and Its Essential Tension -- Part I Sellars and Phenomenology: Lifeworld and Science -- 3. Husserl’s Lifeworld and the Scientific Image -- 4. Lifeworld Phenomenology After Husserl: Merleau-Ponty, Enactivism, Heiddeger and Science -- 5. Toward a Non-representational Conception of Science and the Lifeworld -- Part II Sellars’ Relevance for Continental Philosophy -- 6. Toward the Thing-in-Itself: Sellars’ and Meillassoux’s Divergent Conception of Kantian Transcendentalism -- 7. Deleuze and Sellars on Ontology and Normativity -- Part III Unifying the Manifest and the Scientific Images -- 8. Sellars’ Synoptic Vision: Unifying the Images at the Level of the Lifeworld -- Part IV Persons, Free Will and Processes -- 9. Persons as Normative Functions in a Nominalistic Process World -- 10. Free Will in a Scientifically Disenchanted World -- Part V Philosophy, Disenchantment and Self-Critique -- 11. The Dialectic Between Manifest and Scientific Image in the Wake of Weberian Disenchantment -- Part VI Scientific Naturalism and Non-instrumental Values -- 12. Science and the Objectification of Values: A Sellarsian Response to the Continental Critique of Science.
    Abstract: This book brings together the work of Wilfrid Sellars with work in 20th century phenomenology and 21st century speculative realism in order to think through one of the most important predicaments of contemporary philosophy. As a result of the disenchantment of nature in late modernity, philosophy has struggled to account for the place of persons, construed as loci of normative authority and responsibility, within a scientifically, naturalistically described world, bereft of values and norms. The book argues that Sellars takes both the framework of persons and science seriously and thinks that this implies the need not just for reconciling the manifest and scientific images but for fusing them into one stereoscopic vision of reality and our place in it. One of the main aims of this book is to address the issue of the form which a non-alienated experience of ourselves-in-the-world would take in the Sellarsian cryptic stereoscopic fusion of the manifest and the scientific image. Through an extended discussion of Sellars’ relevance for contemporary continental philosophy and phenomenology, in which his views on perception, the commonsense ‘lifeworld’, science, normativity, personhood, morality and process metaphysics are presented and extended, the book sketches a novel view about what a stereoscopic fusion of the manifest and the scientific image would amount to at the level of our lifeworld experience.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-27026-0
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Grundprobleme der modernen Naturphilosophie (2023)
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg | Berlin, Heidelberg : Imprint: Springer Spektrum
    Details
    ISBN: 9783662671269
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(VII, 246 S.)
    Edition: 2nd ed. 2023.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy of mind. ; Quantum physics. ; Ecology . ; Science
    Abstract: Zur Einführung: Was ist Moderne Naturphilosophie? -- Raum -- Zeit -- Materie -- Komplexität -- Leben -- Geist -- Bewusstsein -- Umwelt.
    Abstract: Dieses Lehrbuch behandelt zentrale naturphilosophische Probleme, die durch Theorien der modernen Naturwissenschaften aufgeworfen werden. Es fragt, welches Bild von Raum, Zeit, Materie, Leben und Bewusstsein sich aus ihnen ergibt, aber auch nach den Konsequenzen der aktuellen Umweltkrise für unser praktisches Verhältnis zur Natur. Der Autor Prof. em. Dr. Andreas Bartels hat Mathematik, Physik und Philosophie studiert und ist emeritierter Professor für Natur- und Wissenschaftsphilosophie an der Universität Bonn.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-67126-9
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Towards responsible plant data linkage : data challenges for agricultural research and development (2023)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031132766
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XIX, 317 p. 1 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Artificial intelligence—Data processing. ; Botany. ; Science ; Artificial intelligence
    Abstract: Introduction: Towards responsible plant data linkage -- Part I: Experiences from the Trenches -- Between Subsistence and Agronomy: Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778) on Famine Foods -- Managing Data in Crop Breeding: A Hundred Year Challenge -- Data, Duplication, and the Decentralisation of Crop Collections -- Data Management in a Multi-Disciplinary African RTB Crop Breeding Program -- Part II: Technical Challenges of Data Linkage -- Challenges to Data Linkage in Plants: Two Parables from the Pea -- From Farm to FAIR: The Trials of Linking and Sharing Wheat Research Data -- Plant Scientific Data Integration, From Building Community Standards to Defining a Consistent Data Lifecycle -- Part III: Governance Challenges of Data Linkage Spinning the Agricultural Data Web -- Creating a Digital Marketplace for Agrobiodiversity and Plant Genetic Sequence Data: Legal and Ethical Considerations of an AI and Blackchain Based Solution -- Digital Sequence Information and Genetic Resources: Global Policy Meets Interoperability -- Collaboration in Crop Diversity Management: A Pragmatist Approach to Data Sharing -- Part IV: Social Challenges of Data Linkage -- The Research Data Alliance Interest Group on Agricultural Data: Supporting a Global Community of Practice -- Ethical and Legal Considerations in Smart Farming: A Farmer’s Perspective -- Responsibility Beyond Ethics and Infrastructures: Conceptual and Normative Considerations for Plant Data Linkage and Agriculture.
    Abstract: This open access book provides the first systematic overview of existing challenges and opportunities for responsible data linkage, and a cutting-edge assessment of which steps need to be taken to ensure that plant data are ethically shared and used for the benefit of ensuring global food security – one of the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals. The volume focuses on the contemporary contours of such challenges through sustained engagement with current and historical initiatives and discussion of best practices and prospective future directions for ensuring responsible plant data linkage. The volume is divided into four sections that include case studies of plant data use and linkage in the context of particular research projects, breeding programs, and historical research. It address technical challenges of data linkage in developing key tools, standards and infrastructures, and examines governance challenges of data linkage in relation to socioeconomic and environmental research and data collection. Finally, the last section addresses issues raised by new data production and linkage methods for the inclusion of agriculture’s diverse stakeholders. This book brings together leading experts in data curation, data governance and data studies from a variety of fields, including data science, plant science, agricultural research, science policy, data ethics and the philosophy, history and social studies of plant science.
    Note: Open Access
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-13276-6
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 12
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    Online Resource
    Perspectives on Kuhn : Contemporary Approaches to the Philosophy of Thomas Kuhn (2023)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031163715
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XII, 187 p. 1 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 84
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Science—History. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History. ; Science ; Science ; Language and languages ; Philosophy
    Abstract: Preface -- Chapter 1. Kuhn, Coherentism and Perception (Howard Sankey) -- Chapter 2. Sankey on Kuhn and Epistemological Coherentism: a Commentary (Juan V. Mayoral) -- Chapter 3. A Defense of Structure in Structure of Scientific Revolutions (K. Brad Wray) -- Chapter 4. A Vindication of Structure in Structure of Scientific Revolutions: a Comment to K. Brad Wray (Pablo Melogno) -- Chapter 5. Kuhn’s Reconstruction of Structure: The Theoretical Background (Juan V. Mayoral) -- Chapter 6. A Role for Cognitive Agents from a Kuhnian point of view: a Comment to Juan Vicente Mayoral (Pío García) -- Chapter 7. Incommensurability and Metaincommensurability. Kind change, world change and indirect refutation (Eric Oberheim) -- Chapter 8. The Landscape of a Metaphysical Battlefield: a Comment to Eric Oberheim (Leandro Giri) -- Chapter 9. The Plausibility of Thomas Kuhn’s Metaphysics (Paul Hoyningen-Huene) -- Chapter 10. Seeing, Talking and Behaving... Ways of Inhabiting the World: a Comment to Paul Hoyningen-Huene (Hernán Miguel) -- Index.
    Abstract: This book presents essays and commentaries that continue on Thomas Kuhn’s work from where he left off at the time of his death. Contrary to other books, this volume picks up the gauntlet to develop, from a contemporary perspective, some points that can be improved in the light of recent findings and conceptualizations in metatheory. Thus, this work pays a visit to the classical Kuhnian landscapes, but rather proposing interpretations, it takes them as the starting point to go further. One hundred years after the Kuhn's birth, the editors and authors rekindle the passion and interest that have always surrounded the work of the great Boston philosopher and historian.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-16371-5
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  • 13
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    Chaim L. Pekeris and the Art of Applying Mathematics with WEIZAC, 1955–1963 (2023)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031271250
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(IX, 123 p. 16 illus., 3 illus. in color.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in History of Science and Technology
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Science—History. ; Computers—History. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Technology—Sociological aspects. ; Technological innovations. ; Computers ; Science ; Technology ; Science
    Abstract: 1. Introduction: Pekeris, Computing and Applied Mathematics -- 2. Numerical Analysis in the Age of Electronic Computing -- 3. Integral Equations -- 4. Oscillations of the Earth -- 5. Ground State of Helium -- 6. Additional Research with Weizac -- 7. Concluding Remarks – Mathematics at Wis, Applied and Pure -- 8. References.
    Abstract: This book describes the groundbreaking work of Chaim Leib Pekeris and his collaborators. Between 1955 and 1963 they used the first electronic computer built in Israel, the Weizmann Automatic Computer (WEIZAC), to develop powerful numerical methods that helped achieve new and accurate solutions of the Boltzmann equation, calculate energy levels of the helium atom, produce detailed geophysical and seismological models derived from the study of the free oscillations of the earth, and refine models used to predict meteorological phenomena and global oceanic tides. This book provides a unique account of the pioneering work of Chaim L. Pekeris in applied mathematics and explains in detail the background to the rise of the Weizmann Institute as a world-class center of scientific excellence. This hitherto untold story is of great interest to historians of twentieth-century science with special emphasis on the application of computer-assisted numerical methods in various branches of mathematical physics.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-27125-0
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  • 14
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    Online Resource
    Realism, Value, and Transcendental Arguments between Neopragmatism and Analytic Philosophy (2023)
    Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031280429
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XI, 202 p.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    Series Statement: Vienna Circle Institute Library 7
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Analysis (Philosophy). ; Pragmatism. ; Metaphysics. ; Science
    Abstract: Chapter 1: Introduction -- Chapter 2: On the Viennese Background of Harvard Neopragmatism: Logical Empiricism between Pragmatism and Neopragmatism -- Chapter 3: Brandom on Pragmatism -- Chapter 4: Pragmatic Realism, Idealism, and Pluralism: A Rescherian Balance? -- Chapter 5: “Languaged” World, “Worlded” Language: On Margolis’s Pragmatic Integration of Realism and Idealism -- Chapter 6: The Will to Believe, Epistemic Virtue, and Holistic Transcendental Pragmatism -- Chapter 7: Toward a Pragmatist Metaphysics of the Fact-Value Entanglement: Emergence or Continuity? -- Chapter 8: Finnish Versions of Pragmatist Humanism: Eino Kaila and Georg Henrik von Wright as Quasi-Pragmatists -- Chapter 9: A New Look at Wittgenstein and Pragmatism.
    Abstract: The essays collected in this volume and authored by Sami Pihlström emphasize that our relation to the world we live in and seek to represent and get to know better through our practices of conceptualization and inquiry is irreducibly valuational. There is no way of even approaching, let alone resolving, the philosophical issue of realism without drawing due attention to the ways in which human values are inextricably entangled with even the most purely “factual” projects of inquiry we engage in. This entanglement of the factual and the normative is, as explicitly argued in Chapter 7 but implicitly suggested in all the other chapters as well, both pragmatic (practice-embedded and practice-involving) and transcendental (operating at the level of the necessary conditions for the possibility of our representing and cognizing the world in general). The author claims we need to carefully examine the complex relations of realism, value, and transcendental arguments at the intersection of pragmatism and analytic philosophy. This book does so by offering case-studies of various important neopragmatists and philosophers close to the pragmatist tradition, including Hilary Putnam, Nicholas Rescher, Joseph Margolis, and Ludwig Wittgenstein. It appeals to scholars and advanced graduate students focusing on pragmatism and analytic philosophy.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-28042-9
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  • 15
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    Sanctorius Sanctorius and the origins of health measurement (2023)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031301186
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XXII, 327 pages) , Illustrationen
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Hollerbach, Teresa Juliane Sanctorius Sanctorius and the origins of health measurement
    Keywords: Science—History. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Medicine—History. ; Technology. ; History. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science ; Science ; Medicine
    Abstract: Acknowledgements -- Preface (Dr. Matteo Valleriani) -- Introduction -- List of Figures -- Abbreviations and Short Titles -- Chapter 1. Sanctorius Sanctorius—Between Koper and Venice -- Chapter 2. Sanctorius’s Galenism -- Chapter 3. Sanctorius’s Work in its Practical Context -- Chapter 4. Quantification in Galenic Medicine -- Chapter 5. Quantification and Certainty -- Chapter 6. The Measuring Instruments -- Chapter 7. Sanctorius Revisited -- List of Appendices.
    Abstract: This open access book offers new insights into the Venetian physician Sanctorius Sanctorius (1561–1636) and into the origins of quantification in medicine. At the turn of the seventeenth century, Sanctorius developed instruments to measure and quantify physiological change. As trivial as the quantitative assessment of health issues might seem to us today – in times of fitness trackers and smart watches – it was highly innovative at that time. With his instruments, Sanctorius introduced quantitative research into the field of physiology. Historical accounts of Sanctorius and his work tend to tell the story of a genius who, almost out of the blue, invented a new medical science, based on measurement and quantification, that profoundly influenced modernity. Abandoning the “genius narrative,” this book examines Sanctorius and his work in the broader perspective of processes of knowledge transformation in early modern medicine. It is the first systematic study to include the entire range of the physician’s intellectual and practical activities. Adopting a material culture perspective, the research draws on the contemporary reconstruction of Sanctorius’s most famous instrument: the Sanctorian weighing chair. And here it departs from past studies that focus mainly on Sanctorius’s thinking rather than on his making and doing. The book also re-evaluates Sanctorius’s role in the wider process of the early transformation of medical culture in the early modern period, a process that ultimately led to the abandonment of Galenic medicine and to the introduction of a new medical science, based on the use of quantification and measurement in medical research. The book is therefore an important contribution to the history of medicine and historical epistemology aimed at historians of science and philosophy.
    Note: Open Access
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-30118-6
    URL: kostenfrei
    URL: Cover
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  • 16
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    Evolutionary Thinking Across Disciplines : Problems and Perspectives in Generalized Darwinism (2023)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031333583
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XI, 528 p. 1 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 478
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Biology—Philosophy. ; Evolution (Biology). ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Biology ; Science
    Abstract: 1. Generalizing Darwinism as a Topic for Multidisciplinary Debate -- Part I: How Can Disciplines Benefit from, or Contribute to, Evolutionary Frameworks?. 2. Is a Non-Evolutionary Psychology Possible? -- 3. Evolutionary Economics and the Theory of Cultural Evolution -- 4. Repetition Without Replication: Notes Towards a Theory of Cultural Adaptation -- 5. The Epistemological and Ideological Stakes of Literary Darwinism -- 6. Evolutionary Aspects of Language Change -- 7. A Community Science Model for Inter-Disciplinary Evolution Education and School Improvement -- 8. Teaching for the Interdisciplinary Understanding of Evolutionary Concepts -- Part II: Generalizations of Evolutionary Theory: Common Principles or Explanatory Structures?. 9. From Games to Graphs. Evolving Networks in Cultural Evolution -- 10. Metaphysics of Evolution: Ontology and Justification of Generalized Evolution Theory -- 11. Human Social Evolution via Four Coevolutionary Levels -- Part III: Why Should We Be Skeptical of Generalizations of Darwinism?. 12. Is Natural Selection Physical? -- 13. The Risks of Evolutionary Explanation -- 14. Evolution and Ecology of Organizations and Markets -- 15. Pluralism and Epistemic Goals: Why the Social Sciences Will (Probably) not be Synthesised by Evolutionary Theory -- 16. Equations at an Exhibition: on the Cultural Price Equation -- 17. Unlike Agents: The Role of Correlation in Economics and Biology -- Part IV: How Can Evolutionary Approaches or the Target Field be Amended?. 18. From the Modern Synthesis to the Inclusive Evolutionary Synthesis: An Einsteinian Revolution in Evolution -- 19. Darwinian/Hennigian Systematics and Evo-Devo: the Missed Rendez-vous -- 20. The Generalized Selective Environment -- 21. Adding Agency to Tinbergen’s Four Questions -- 22. Cultural Evolution Research Needs to Include Human Behavioural Ecology.
    Abstract: This volume aims to clarify the epistemic potential of applying evolutionary thinking outside biology, and provides a survey of the current state of the art in research on relevant topics in the life sciences, the philosophy of science, and the various areas of evolutionary research outside the life sciences. By bringing together chapters by evolutionary biologists, systematic biologists, philosophers of biology, philosophers of social science, complex systems modelers, psychologists, anthropologists, economists, linguists, historians, and educators, the volume examines evolutionary thinking within and outside the life sciences from a multidisciplinary perspective. While the chapters written by biologists and philosophers of science address theoretical aspects of the guiding questions and aims of the volume, the chapters written by researchers from the other areas approach them from the perspective of applying evolutionary thinking to non-biological phenomena. Taken together, the chapters in this volume do not only show how evolutionary thinking can be fruitfully applied in various areas of investigation, but also highlight numerous open problems, unanswered questions, and issues on which more clarity is needed. As such, the volume can serve as a starting point for future research on the application of evolutionary thinking across disciplines.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-33358-3
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  • 17
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    Extending the Extended Mind : From Cognition to Consciousness (2023)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031356247
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XVI, 217 p.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    Series Statement: New Directions in Philosophy and Cognitive Science
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Technology—Philosophy. ; Philosophy of mind. ; Phenomenology . ; Technology ; Science
    Abstract: 1 A Roadmap from the Extended Mind to the Extended Conscious Mind -- 1.1 Where Does the Mind Stop? -- 1.2 Concepts of Cognition and Consciousness -- 1.3 4E’s: Embodied, Embedded, Enacted, Extended -- 1.3.1 Embodied -- 1.3.2 Embedded -- 1.3.3 Enacted -- 1.3.4 Extended -- 1.4 From the Extended Mind to the Extended Conscious Mind -- 1.4.1 The Extended Mind -- 1.4.2 The Waves to the Extended Conscious Mind -- 1.4.3 Vehicular Externalism -- 1.5 Conclusions and Methodological Remarks -- References -- 2 Arguments for Extended Conscious Mind -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 First Argument for ECM: Parity Argument -- 2.2.1 Cognition and Consciousness Are Often Inseparable -- 2.2.2 Occurrent EM -- 2.2.3 Wheeler’s Objection -- 2.2.4 Summing Up the First Argument -- 2.3 Second Argument for ECM: Sensorimotor Enactivism -- 2.3.1 Landscapes of Sensorimotor Enactivism -- 2.3.2 Bridging the Comparative Explanatory Gap -- 2.3.3 Sensorimotor Reductionism or Sensorimotor Integrationism? -- 2.3.4 Temporal Nature, Virtual Presence -- 2.3.5 Arguments Drawn from Sensorimotor Enactivism in Support of ECM -- 2.3.6 Does Entailment Hold? From the Personal to the Sub-Personal Level -- 2.3.7 Summing Up the Second Argument -- 2.4 Third Argument for ECM: The Leaky Body -- 2.4.1 Experience Is Embodied -- 2.4.2 The Frontiers of the Body Are Not Rigid -- 2.4.3 External Body Parts as Substrates of Experience -- 2.5 Conclusions to the Three Arguments -- References -- 3 The Constitution-Turn and Extended Conscious Mind -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.1.1 The Causal–Constitution Fallacy -- 3.1.2 The Constituted Phenomenon: The Dynamic Nature of Experiences -- 3.2 Defining Constitution -- 3.2.1 Material Constitution -- 3.2.2 Mechanist Constitution -- 3.2.3 Diachronic–Dynamical Constitution -- 3.3 Demarcating the System Boundaries -- 3.3.1 Mutual Manipulability as a Demarcation Criterion -- 3.4 Conclusions -- References -- 4 Tools as Extenders: The Pathway to Functional Incorporation -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 The Spectrum of Extensions -- 4.2.1 Momentary Extension -- 4.2.2 Integrated Extension -- 4.2.3 Prosthetic Incorporation -- 4.2.4 Functional Incorporation -- 4.2.5 Summing Up the Four Degrees of Extension -- 4.3 “Glue & Trust” Conditions -- 4.3.1 Glue & Trust Conditions for EM -- 4.3.2 Criteria Compared with ECM -- 4.3.3 Glue & Trust Conditions for ECM -- 4.4 An Example of Functional Incorporation: Sensory Substitution -- 4.5 Conclusions -- References -- 5 Possible Objections to Extended Conscious Mind -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.1.1 Clark’s Criticisms of ECM -- 5.2 The Argument from High Bandwidth -- 5.2.1 Answers to the High-Bandwidth Argument -- 5.3 Predictive Processing -- 5.3.1 Answering the Counter-argument from Predictive Processing -- 5.4 The Brain-in-a-Vat Thought Experiment -- 5.5 Dreams and Hallucinations -- 5.5.1 Revonsuo’s Dream Argument -- 5.5.2 Answering the Dream Challenge -- 5.6 Summarising the Counter-arguments -- References -- 6 Concluding Remarks and the Future of Extension -- References.
    Abstract: This book argues that conscious experience is sometimes extended outside the brain and body into certain kinds of environmental interaction and tool use. It shows that if one accepts that cognitive states can extend, one must also accept that consciousness can extend. The proponents of Extended Mind defend the former claim, but usually oppose the latter claim. The most important undertaking of this book is to show that this partition is not possible on pain of inconsistency. Pii Telakivi presents three arguments for the hypothesis of Extended Conscious Mind, examines and answers the most common counterarguments, and introduces a novel means to interpret and apply the concept of constitution. She also addresses the tensions between analytic philosophy of mind and enactivism, and builds a bridge between two different traditions: on the one hand, extended mind, and on the other, enactivism and embodied mind—and maintains that a unifying approach is necessary for a theory about extended consciousness. Pii Telakivi is a post-doctoral researcher in Practical Philosophy at the University of Helsinki and was a Fulbright Finland Junior Scholar in the Department of Philosophy at the University of California, Berkeley. Her research focus lies on extended, embodied cognition and consciousness, and at the intersections between philosophy of mind, artificial intelligence and psychiatry.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-35624-7
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  • 18
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    Theory and Practice in the Interdisciplinary Production and Reproduction of Scientific Knowledge : ID in the XXI Century (2023)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031204050
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XX, 309 p. 1 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    Series Statement: Logic, Argumentation & Reasoning, Interdisciplinary Perspectives from the Humanities and Social Sciences 31
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Science
    Abstract: Part 1. Conceptual and Theoretical Framework -- 1. The Fundamental Cognitive Destiny of Interdisciplinarity (Olga Pombo) -- 2. Disentangling Interdisciplinarity and Transdisciplinarity: the Beauty of Differing Definitions (Bianca Vienni Baptista) -- 3. Back to the Discipline: for a Future Interdisciplinarity (Romain Sauzet) -- 4. Super-Contemporaneity (The Regime of Creation Beyond Transdisciplinary Innovation) (Vincent Bontems) -- Part 2. Practices of Interdisciplinarity -- 5. Interactions Towards Interdisciplinarity at School: the Case of a Physics Teacher at a Public Teacher Education High School (Giselle Faur de Castro Catarino, Glória Regina Pessoa Campello Queiroz, André Luís de Moura Pessôa) -- 6. Interdisciplinarity in the View of Researchers in the Interdisciplinary Postgraduate Programme in Human Rights at the Federal Universitiy of Goiás (PPGIDH-UFG): a Case Study (Cerise de Castro Campos, Helena Esser dos Reis, Mauro Machado do Prado, Rosani Moreira Leitão) -- 7. Interdisciplinary Practice in Education (Helder Coelho) -- 8. How MSH Design Interdisciplinarity: Testimony of an Active Director (Nicolas Thély) -- 9. Interdisciplinarity in Cognitive Science and the Nature of Cognition (Klaus Gärtner and Robert W. Clowes) -- 10. The Utopia of Interdisciplinarity: A View from Economics (Vítor Neves) -- 11. The Crowd – A Boundary Object in Social Sciences (Jorge Correia Jesuíno) -- 12. Role of IT Solution Design in Food Labelling. Ethics, Communication and Interdisciplinarity on the Test Bench (Roberta Pizzi and Giovanni Scarafile) -- 13. Signs of Interdisciplinarity in the Second Half of the XX Century and Prospects for the XXI Century (Olga Pombo).
    Abstract: This book addresses the urgent need for a large and systematic analysis of current interdisciplinary (ID) research and practice. It demonstrates how ID is essentially a cognitive phenomenon, something different from the frivolous and inconsequential attempt of trying to overcome the disciplinary competencies and exigencies. By ID, the authors show that it is a manifestation of the transversal rationality that underlies current scientific activity. It is the very progress of specialized disciplines that requires interdisciplinary new research practices and new forms of articulation between domains, something that has a strong impact on the traditional disciplinary structure of scientific and educational institutions. Divided into two parts, the book presents a conceptual framework as well as several case studies on ID practices. The book aims at covering three main themes. It contributes to the stabilization of ID meaning and characterizes the main ID theorizations which have been proposed until now. It builds an innovative and broad understanding of the several ID determinations as an essentially cognitive phenomenon and of its institutional implications at the level of disciplinary structures and curricular organization. Finally, it distinguishes and maps the diversity of ID procedures and practices which are being used and tested by contemporary scientific and educational institutions. This book is addressed to philosophers, scientists and every one interested in science production and reproduction, including science teaching.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-20405-0
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  • 19
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    History of Rationalities : Ways of Thinking from Vico to Hacking and Beyond (2023)
    Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland | Cham : Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031240041
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XXIII, 337 p. 1 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sciortino, Luca History of rationalities
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Intellectual life—History. ; Science—History. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science ; Intellectual life ; Science
    Abstract: Chapter 1: A brief history of the concept of ‘ways of thinking’: introduction and plan of work -- Chapter 2: Notions of the concept of ‘ways of thinking’: from classical historical epistemology to Kuhn -- Chapter 3: Notions of the concept of ‘ways of thinking’: from Hacking to Daston and Galison -- Chapter 4: Taxonomy of the notions of the concept of ‘ways of thinking’ -- Chapter 5: Developing the styles project: towards a ‘theory of styles of reasoning’ -- Chapter 6: Styles of reasoning and relativism -- Chapter 7: The incommensurability of styles of reasoning: the case of the existence of theoretical entities -- Chapter 8: Styles of reasoning, contingency and the evolution of science -- Chapter 9: Epilogue.
    Abstract: Over time, philosophers and historians of science have introduced different notions of 'ways of thinking'. This book presents, compares, and contrasts these different notions. It focuses primarily on Ian Hacking’s idea of 'style of reasoning' in order to assess and develop it into a more systematic theory of scientific thought, arguing that Hacking’s theory implies epistemic relativism. Luca Sciortino also discusses the implications of Hacking’s ideas for the study of the problem of contingency and inevitability in the development of scientific knowledge.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-24004-1
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  • 20
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    Synthetic Biology and the Question of Public Participation : Governance and Ethics in Dealing with Emerging Technologies (2023)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031160042
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(V, 62 p. 5 illus., 4 illus. in color.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Philosophy
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Political science—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Political science. ; Science ; Political science.
    Abstract: Introduction -- Imagined Futures: Trust and Justice in SB Governance -- Governance and Participation in Policy Reports of Synthetic Biology (Literature Review) -- Approaches in Defining Governance, Challenges and Benefits -- Designing Governance Frameworks -- Governance of Synthetic Biology -- Governance and Public Participation -- Objectives -- Focus Areas Participation -- Communication -- Representation.-Evaluation -- Focus Areas Governance -- Resources -- Training -- Data Management -- Responsibility -- Case Study: COVID-19 Vaccine Development -- Conclusion -- Recommendations.
    Abstract: The book considers the relationship between governance and participation, and the ways participation has been understood, framed and applied in the context of synthetic biology (SB) governance approaches. Based on fundamental questions about the scope, purpose, and responsibilities assigned to public participation activities, the authors conducted an literature review of policy reports and articles on SB governance. Against this basis the authors identify key characteristics of synthetic biology, such as the complex interplay of research, engineering and IT expertise in the field, as well as the challenges these characteristics pose in designing governance frameworks. Drawing on insights from the literature on governance and public participation in political science and public policy, the authors contest calls for “earlier” and “more” participation on the basis that such calls fail to consider the necessary structural adjustments and resources needed for such endeavors.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-16004-2
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  • 21
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    Neural Machines: A Defense of Non-Representationalism in Cognitive Neuroscience (2023)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031267468
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(IX, 198 p. 1 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    Series Statement: Studies in Brain and Mind 22
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy of mind. ; Neurosciences. ; Science
    Abstract: Introduction -- Part 1. Mechanisms -- Chapter 1. The New Mechanistic Theory of Explanation: a primer -- Chapter 2. Mechanistic explanatory texts -- Part 2. Representations -- Chapter 3. Representations and mechanisms do not mix -- Chapter 4. Indicator contents -- Chapter 5. Structural contents -- Chapter 6. Teleosemantics -- Part 3. Objections -- Chapter 7. The dual-explananda defence -- Chapter 8. The Pragmatic Necessity defence -- Part 4. Applications -- Chapter 9. Applications and future directions -- Conclusion.
    Abstract: In this book, Matej Kohar demonstrates how the new mechanistic account of explanation can be used to support a non-representationalist view of explanations in cognitive neuroscience, and therefore can bring new conceptual tools to the non-representationalist arsenal. Kohar focuses on the explanatory relevance of representational content in constitutive mechanistic explanations typical in cognitive neuroscience. The work significantly contributes to two areas of literature: 1) the debate between representationalism and non-representationalism, and 2) the literature on mechanistic explanation. Kohar begins with an introduction to the mechanistic theory of explanation, focusing on the analysis of mechanistic constitution as the basis of explanatory relevance in constitutive mechanistic explanation. He argues that any viable analysis of representational contents implies that content is not constitutively relevant to cognitive phenomena. The author also addresses objections against his argument and concludes with an examination of the consequences of his account for both traditional cognitive neuroscience and non-representationalist alternatives. This book is of interest to readers in philosophy of mind, cognitive science and neuroscience.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26746-8
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  • 22
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    Defense and Recognition in the Climate Crisis : How to Communicate About Truths, Facts and Opinions (2023)
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden | Wiesbaden : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783658407247
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XI, 335 p. 3 illus., 2 illus. in color.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Climatology. ; Philosophy. ; Science ; Social sciences
    Abstract: Introduction -- About the approach, the ideas and the procedure -- I. Part The psychologically conditioned defense. Taking stock -- II. part Explaining and understanding. Truth, facts, opinions. Scientific understanding and concepts -- III. part The philosophically defined recognition. Analysis of the forms and modalities of recognition -- IV. Part Proposals. Findings, insights, solutions -- Epilogue and maxims.
    Abstract: Truths, facts and opinions on the climate issue are often met with psychological or social defense, both publicly and privately. Based on selected psychological and philosophical theories as well as data material, this book shows how defense comes about, how it works, and how, on the other hand, the necessary recognition can succeed on various levels. It is only through recognition that constructive discourse becomes possible. This book offers all the basics to be able to theoretically and practically solve communication conflicts between defense and recognition in the climate crisis. The author Dr. Barbara Strohschein is a philosopher and psychologist working in research and consulting. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence. A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-658-40724-7
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  • 23
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    Philosophy, History and Biology: Essays in Honour of Jean Gayon (2023)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031281570
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XV, 329 p. 15 illus., 10 illus. in color.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    Series Statement: History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences 30
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Biology—Philosophy. ; Science—History. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Biology ; Science ; Science
    Abstract: Introduction (P.-O. Méthot, F. Merlin, P. Huneman) -- Part I: Historical Epistemology and Philosophy of Biology -- Chapter 1. “From Historical Epistemology to Philosophy of Biology” (Pierre-Olivier Méthot) -- Chapter 2. “Jean Gayon and the Historical Perspective in Philosophy of Biology” (François Duchesneau) -- Chapter 3. “Taking Historical Epistemology to the International Scene” (Anastasios Brenner) -- Chapter 4. “Jean Gayon, History and Philosophy of Biology: A New Synthesis” (Thomas Pradeu) -- Chapter 5. "Title TBA" (Victor Petit) -- Part II: History of Evolutionary Theory and Genetics -- Chapter 6. “Jean Gayon and the History of French Genetics” (Richard Burian) -- Chapter 7. “Population Genetics and the Evolutionary Synthesis: Remarks on the Contribution of Jean Gayon” (David Depew) -- Chapter 8. “Local Traditions and the Death of Diffusion: Jean Gayon’s Contribution to Contemporary Narratives of ‘the Molecular Vision of Life’” (Edna Suarez) -- Chapter 9. “Jean Gayon on Alfred R. Wallace’s Contribution to Evolutionary Theory” (Jon Hodge) -- Part III: Case-studies in History and Philosophy of Biology -- Chapter 10. “Locating the Human in the Biological World: A Way into the Species Problem” (Phil Sloan). Chapter 11. “Lamarck: Philosopher of Nature” (Stéphane Tirard) -- Chapter 12. “A Critique of Jean Gayon’s Critiques of Cultural Evolution” (Jorge Martinez) -- Chapter 13. “Between Science and Ideology: The Case of Clemence Royer” (Gérard Chazal) -- Chapter 14. “Mill on Design and Natural Selection” (Denis Forest) -- Chapter 15. “Eighteenth-Century uses of Vitalism in constructing Biology” (Charles T. Wolfe) -- Part IV: Personal Reminiscences -- Chapter 16. “Practicing Evolutionary Biology with Jean Gayon” (Philippe Huneman) -- Chapter 17. “Historical Epistemology and Analytic Philosophy: The Path of a Singular Synthesis. Testimony of a Former Doctoral Student” (Élodie Giroux) -- Chapter 18. “Title TBA” (Staffan Müller-Wille) -- Chapter 19. “Jean Gayon: In Memoriam” (Hans-Jörg Rheinberger).
    Abstract: This book builds on recent scholarship highlighted in the edited collections, Philosophie, histoire, biologie: mélanges offerts à Jean Gayon (Merlin & Huneman, 2018) and Knowledge of Life Today (Gayon & Petit 2018/2019). While honoring the career and the thought of Jean Gayon (1949-2018), this book showcases the continued relevance of Gayon’s interdisciplinary work and illustrates his central place in the community of historians and philosophers of the life sciences. Chapters in this book address Jean Gayon’s intellectual trajectory from historical epistemology to the philosophy of biology, the nature and scope of his philosophical approach to the history of science, and his unique contributions to the history and epistemology of biological concepts and theories. Drawing on published and unpublished sources, the book explores some of Gayon’s most significant contributions to the philosophy, history, and social studies of biology.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-28157-0
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  • 24
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    Logical Empiricism and Naturalism : Neurath and Carnap’s Metatheory of Science (2023)
    Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031293283
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XVIII, 216 p.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    Series Statement: Vienna Circle Institute Library
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History. ; Analysis (Philosophy). ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science ; Philosophy
    Abstract: Introduction -- 1. Naturalism and the Vienna Circle -- 2. Neurath’s Epistemology of Science -- 3. Neurath’s Conception of Protocol Statements -- 4. Carnapian Explication -- 5. Quine, Carnap, and Analyticity -- 6. Challenges to the Bipartite Metatheory Interpretation -- 7. Bipartite Metatheory in Application.
    Abstract: This text provides an extensive exploration of the relationship between the thought of Otto Neurath and Rudolf Carnap, providing a new argument for the complementarity of their mature philosophies as part of a collaborative metatheory of science. In arguing that both Neurath and Carnap must be interpreted as proponents of epistemological naturalism, and that their naturalisms rest on shared philosophical ground, it is also demonstrated that the boundaries and possibilities for epistemological naturalism are not as restrictive as Quinean orthodoxy has previously suggested. Both building on and challenging the scholarship of the past four decades, this naturalist reading of Carnap also provides a new interpretation of Carnap’s conception of analyticity, allowing for a refutation of the Quinean argument for the incompatibility of naturalism and the analytic/synthetic distinction. In doing so, the relevance and potential importance of their scientific meta-theory for contemporary questions in the philosophy of science is demonstrated. This text appeals to students and researchers working on Logical Empiricism, Quine, the history of analytic philosophy and the history of philosophy of science, as well as proponents of naturalized epistemology.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-29328-3
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Philosophy of Astrophysics : Stars, Simulations, and the Struggle to Determine What is Out There (2023)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031266188
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XII, 332 p. 1 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 472
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Molecules—Models. ; Astronomy—Observations. ; Astronomy. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Molecules ; Science ; Astronomy
    Abstract: 1. Introduction (Vera Matarese, Siska De Baerdemaeker, and Nora Mills Boyd) -- Part I: Theory, Observation, and the Relation Between Them. 2. Laboratory Astrophysics: Lessons for Epistemology of Astrophysics (Nora Mills Boyd) -- 3. A Crack in the Track of the Hubble Constant (Marie Gueguen) -- 4. Theory Testing in Gravitational-Wave Astrophysics (Jamee Elder) -- 5. Hybrid Enrichment of Theory and Observation in Next-Generation Stellar Population Synthesis (Lydia Patton) -- 6. Doing More with Less: Dark Matter & Modified Gravity (Niels C. M. Martens and Martin King) -- Part II: Models and Simulations. 7. Stellar Structure Models Revisited: Evidence and Data in Asteroseismology (Mauricio Suárez) -- 8. Idealizations in Astrophysical Computer Simulations (Melissa Jacquart and Regy-Null R. Arcadia) -- 9. Simulation Verification in Practice (Kevin Kadowaki) -- 10. (What) Do We Learn from Code Comparisons? A Case Study of Self-Interacting Dark Matter Implementations (Helen Meskhidze) -- 11. Simulation and Experiment Revisited: Temporal Data in Astronomy and Astrophysics (Shannon Sylvie Abelson) -- 12. What’s In a Survey? Simulation-Induced Selection Effects in Astronomy (Sarah C. Gallagher and Christopher Smeenk) -- Part III: Black Holes. 13. On the Epistemology of Observational Black Hole Astrophysics (Juliusz Doboszewski and Dennis Lehmkuhl) -- 14. Black Holes and Analogy (Alex Mathie) -- 15. Extragalactic Reality Revisited: Astrophysics and Entity Realism (Simon Allzén) -- Part IV: Concluding Thoughts. 16. Reflections by a Theoretical Astrophysicist (Kevin Heng) -- 17. Annotated Bibliography (Cameron C. Yetman).
    Abstract: This is an open access book. This book, the first edited collection of its kind, explores the recent emergence of philosophical research in astrophysics. It assembles a variety of original essays from scholars who are currently shaping this field, and it combines insightful overviews of the current state of play with novel, significant contributions. It therefore provides an ideal source for understanding the current debates in philosophy of astrophysics, and it offers new ideas for future cutting-edge research. The selection of essays offered in this book addresses methodological and metaphysical questions that target a wide range of topics, including dark matter, black holes, astrophysical observations and modelling. The book serves as the first standard resource in philosophy of astrophysics for all scholars who work in the field and want to expand or deepen their knowledge, but it also provides an accessible guide for all those philosophers and scientists who are interested in getting a first, basic understanding of the main issues in philosophy of astrophysics.
    Note: Open Access
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26618-8
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Medical Assistance in Dying (MAID) in Canada : Key Multidisciplinary Perspectives (2023)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031300028
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XIX, 515 p. 10 illus., 6 illus. in color.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    Series Statement: The International Library of Bioethics 104
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Bioethics. ; Science
    Abstract: Part 1: MAID in Law and Regulations -- Chapter 1. Radical Autonomy in Supreme Court of Canada Jurisprudence (Dylan McGuinty) -- Chapter 2. Carter v Canada: Exploring the Ebb and Flow of “Competing” Societal Values (Mary J Shariff) -- Chapter 3. From a Court Judgment to Federal Law (Travis Dumsday) -- Chapter 4. “We Should Not Lightly Assume”: A Review of Legislative, Regulatory and Jurisprudential Developments of MAID Safeguards (David W. Shannon) -- Chapter 5. F“Reasonably Foreseeable Natural Death” Requirement in Bill C-7, and Expressivist Harm (Jonas-Sébastien Beaudry) -- Part 2: Operational Issues in the MAID program -- Chapter 6. Medical Assistance in Dying Step-by-Step: Processes and Challenges (Alireza Bagheri) -- Chapter 7. Monitoring of MAID: Deficits of Transparency and Accountability (Jaro Kotalik) -- Chapter 8. CFederal Annual Reports on MAID: Informative but Incomplete Picture (Jaro Kotalik) -- Chapter 9. Organ Donation after Medical Assistance in Dying (Ryan Tonkens) -- Chapter 10. Medical Practice in Presence of MAID (Amy Hendricks) -- Part 3: Palliative Care and MAID -- Chapter 11. Palliative Care: Captive and Casualty of Carter v Canada? (Mary J Shariff) -- Chapter 12. Palliative Care and Medical Assistance in Dying (Leonie Herx) -- Chapter 13. Suffering as a Criterion for Medical Assistance in Dying (John F. Scott) -- Chapter 14. The Assessment and Relief of Suffering in the Shadow of MAID (John F. Scott) -- Part 4:Mental Disorders and MAID -- Chapter 15. Medical Assistance in Dying (MAID) and Suicide: A community perspective (Mara Grunau) -- Chapter 16. Unbalanced: Mental Illness, MAID, and Medico-Legal Principles (David W. Shannon) -- Chapter 17. MAID for Persons with Mental Illness as a Sole Eligibility Criterion (Sephora Tang) -- Chapter 18. MAID for Mental Illness: What Exactly is Being Consented To? (John Maher) -- Part 5: Disability Perspectives, Human Rights and MAID -- Chapter 19. MAID to Die by Medical and Systemic Ableism (Heidi Janz) -- Chapter 20. Assisted Life Before Assisted Death: Disability Discomfort Regarding MAID (Tim Stainton) -- Chapter 21. Implementing Medical Assistance in Dying in Canada: Implications for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (William F. Sullivan) -- Chapter 22. The Psychosocial Aspects of Adapting to Traumatic Non-Life-Threatening Disability (Irmo Marini) -- Chapter 23. Canada’s Medical Assistance in Dying Law and the Rights to Life and Equality at International Law (Roberto Lattanzio) -- Part 6: Social and Cultural Issues of the MAID Programme -- Chapter 24. Examining Indigenous Perspectives on Medical Assistance in Dying (MAID) (Dwight Newman) -- Chapter 25. Patient Physician Relationship and MAID: Trust and Autonomy (Louisa Pedri) -- Chapter 26. The Importance of Conscience as an Independent Freedom (Derek Ross) -- Chapter 27. Freedom of Conscience and Medical Assistance in Dying – Clinical Perspective (Simon Czajkowski) -- Chapter 28. Spirit at the Gateway: Religious Reflections on Medical Assistance in Dying (Christine Jamieson) -- Chapter 29. MAID Practice and Impact (Jaro Kotalik) -- Chapter 30. MAID: Pasts, Present and Futures (Tom Koch) -- Part 7: Overview and Conclusions -- Chapter 31. Overview and Conclusions.
    Abstract: This book, written both for a Canadian and an international readership, provides a multidisciplinary review of the framework and performance of the Canadian Medical Assistance in Dying (MAID) program. In the first five years (2015-2021) of operation, this program delivered voluntary euthanasia and assistance in suicide to over 30,000 Canadian residents, presently representing a 30% annual growth. Looking back on these first five years, the 30 Canadian scholars and clinicians contributing to this volume raise important issues and attempt to answer key questions that have arisen in regards to its operation and its stated objectives. This volume strikes the most appropriate balance between the autonomy of persons who seek medical assistance, versus the interests and protection of vulnerable persons. Finally, the book makes suggestions on how the program can presently be improved. It identifies gaps in knowledge about MAID’s operational program and its impact on individuals, families and society in order to stimulate the necessary research that is essential to the evolution of a healthy and well-balanced program. As a first, comprehensive examination of medically assisted deaths in Canada, this publication will be of great value to lay, professional, academic, political audiences both domestically and internationally, especially in jurisdictions that are examining their options of permitting assisted deaths.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-30002-8
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Indikatoren in Entscheidungsprozessen : Stärken und strukturelle Schwächen (2023)
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden | Wiesbaden : Imprint: Springer VS
    Details
    ISBN: 9783658406387
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(VII, 210 S. 14 Abb., 12 Abb. in Farbe.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Science
    Abstract: Die vier Funktionen von Indikatoren -- Versicherung, Verantwortung, Vertrauen? Zur Paradoxie von Indikatoren und ihrer Nutzung -- Indikatoren, Komplexität und Gefahrenwahrnehmung. Die Corona-Krise als Lehrstück -- Nachhaltigkeitsindikatoren für den Energiebereich und ihre Grenzen -- Wirkungspotenziale von Forschung und Entwicklung bewerten: Ein theoriebasiertes und multidimensionales Kriterien-Set -- Wirkungsindikatoren und SROI: organisationale Steuerung und Legitimation anhand des gesellschaftlichen Mehrwerts -- Die Zukunft der Indikatoren für Forschungsbewertung und „offene Wissenschaft“ / Open Science. Ein Plädoyer für einen Verzicht auf die Verwendung quantitativer Metriken -- Evaluation und Leistungsbewertung an Hochschulen: Indikatormodelle und ihre Stärken und Schwächen.-Indikatoren in Wissenschaftsmanagement und Wissenschaftspolitik – eine Praxisperspektive -- Self-Tracking, oder: Die eigenen Zahlen als Gestalt -- Wirkungsorientiertes Nachhaltigkeitsmanagement in Kommunen – Einflussfaktoren und Effekte der Nutzung von Indikatoren - Eckpunkte der Studie.-Aufstieg und Fall der Gouvernanzindikatoren in der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit (EZ) -- Über neue Formen der Konsumkultur. Semiökonomische Ökonomie als relationale komparatistische Kultur: rankings, Vergleiche, Indikatoren und multiple Skalierungen.
    Abstract: Indikatoren sind in Prozessen des Monitorings in allen gesellschaftlich relevanten Bereichen sowie in Prozessen der wirtschaftlichen und politischen Entscheidungsfindung von der lokalen Ebene bis zur internationalen Governance unverzichtbar geworden. Überall in der öffentlichen und medialen Kommunikation begegnen sie uns und rechtfertigen die Wahl zwischen unterschiedlichen Optionen. Doch was zeigen uns diese Indikatoren eigentlich genau an, worin beruht ihre Relevanz, was sind ihre Stärken, was aber auch ihre prinzipiellen Grenzen? Können sie die Komplexität einzelner Sachverhalte wirklich auf das Relevante reduzieren – oder verkomplizieren sie Probleme noch weiter? Stellen sie unsere Entscheidungen auf sichere Füße – oder wiegen sie uns lediglich in der Illusion von Objektivität? Das Buch leuchtet in kurzen Fallstudien die jeweiligen Grundlagen der Erstellung von Indikatoren, aber auch ihrer Verwendung und der Ergebnisinterpretation aus und betont Leistungen, aber auch Fallstricke und Fehlannahmen. Zudem versucht es zur besseren Orientierung auf diesem unübersichtlichen Gebiet auf möglichst verbindliche Weise in das verwendete Fachvokabular einzuführen. Die Herausgebenden Julia Mörtel promoviert im Fachbereich Philosophie der Technischen Universität Darmstadt und arbeitet als Unternehmensberaterin für strategisches Qualitätsmanagement. Prof. Dr. Alfred Nordmann lehrt Philosophie und Geschichte der Wissenschaften und der Technowissenschaften an der Technischen Universität Darmstadt. Dr. Oliver Schlaudt hat eine Heisenberg-Professur für Philosophie und politische Ökonomie an der Cusanus Hochschule für Gesellschaftsgestaltung in Koblenz inne.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-658-40638-7
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Plato, Diagrammatic Reasoning and Mental Models (2023)
    Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland | Cham : Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031276583
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(VII, 91 p. 5 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Mathematics—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy, Ancient. ; Cognitive science. ; Mathematics ; Science
    Abstract: Saracco works from a primarily epistemological perspective on Plato but aims to broaden that with sustained interdisciplinary engagement with the philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of science, and cognitive science. Her overall argument is that Plato’s dialogues are best understood as an ongoing intellectual engagement between the reader and the writer. As the reader engages with various visual models within the texts, the reader moves from a perspective of theoretical childhood to theoretical adulthood. She maps this intellectual development of the various stages on the divided line. The book is very well-written and thought provoking. - Anne-Marie Schultz, Baylor University, Waco, US. This book analyses the role of diagrammatic reasoning in Plato’s philosophy: the readers will realize that Plato, describing the stages of human cognitive development using a diagram, poses a logic problem to stimulate the general reasoning abilities of his readers. Following the examination of mental models in this book, the readers will reflect on what inferences can be useful to approach this kind of logic problem. Plato calls for a collaboration between writer and readers. In this book the readers will examine the connection between diagrams and discovery, realizing the important epistemic role of visualization. They will recognize the crucial role that diagrams play in problem solving. The logic problem elaborated by Plato is addressed considering the epistemic function of mental models. These models introduce to an advanced stage of cognitive development, in which reasoning uses in its investigations a higher-level of mathematical complexity, represented by structuralism. Susanna Saracco is a post-doctoral researcher, having received her PhD in philosophy from the University of Sydney, Australia. She is the author of the book Plato and Intellectual Development. Her pieces have been published, among others, in Plato Journal, Philosophia: Philosophical Quarterly of Israel and Metaphilosophy.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-27658-3
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  • 29
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    Online Resource
    Measurement and understanding in science and humanities : interdisciplinary approaches (2023)
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden | Wiesbaden : Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan
    Details
    ISBN: 9783658369743
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XIX, 271 p. 17 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Science
    Abstract: Benefits and challenges of interdisciplinary work -- Examples of interdisciplinary work to measure and understand the world -- Communication of interdisciplinary work -- Success factors and conclusions -- Similarities and differences in the meaning of number and measure between disciplines.
    Abstract: This anthology is a unique compilation of scientific contributions on the topic of measurement and understanding, showing how terms such as number, measurement, understanding, model, and pattern are used in a wide variety of disciplines. Based on results and experiences from their own projects, 23 researchers comment on the potentials and limitations of their individual methodological approaches as well as success factors of interdisciplinary collaboration. In doing so, they fathom the relative importance of quantification and empirical evidence for each of their disciplines and examine how the methodological approaches shape their existing models and images. Their common goal is to understand the world; however, their methods are highly diverse. The Content Advantages and challenges of interdisciplinary work Examples of interdisciplinary work to measure and understand the world Communication of interdisciplinary work Success factors for interdisciplinary collaboration and conclusions Similarities and differences in the meaning of number and measurement between disciplines The Target groups Faculty and students in all disciplines who are interested in interdisciplinary research The editors and authors The editors and authors of the book are fellows in the WIN Kolleg of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities. The scientific focus of the individual authors is broad across the spectrum of the sciences. This book is a translation of an original German edition. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-658-36974-3
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  • 30
    Book
    Book
    Political identity and the metaphysics of polities (2023)
    New York : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
    Details
    ISBN: 9781032181493 , 9781032185699
    Language: English
    Pages: vi, 246 Seiten
    Series Statement: Routledge studies in metaphysics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Political identity and the metaphysics of polities
    DDC: 306.2
    Keywords: Political culture Philosophy ; Ideology ; Identity politics ; Metaphysics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Politische Identität ; Politische Philosophie
    Abstract: "The essays in this volume clarify the notion of political identity by focusing on the metaphysics of polities. By analysing the notion of political identity, they provide the conceptual resources for a deeper understanding of the theoretical and practical debates on populism, on the crisis of sovereignty, on the feasibility of a world government, and on ethical, religious, and cultural pluralism. What is a political community? Any answer to this question lies at the intersection between three fields: metaphysics, philosophy of action, and political philosophy. The question concerns how and why a plurality of individuals becomes a political unity, what principles or forces keep that unity together, and what threats that unity can encounter. In this volume, the contributors investigate how different metanormative views affect the possible answers to this metaphysical question. They explore the role that the individual identities of agents play in grounding common practices that underpin political life. They investigate the individual identities of agents as the result of the interplay between natural and cultural factors. Finally, they observe the ways in which a political community, as a collection of individuals who hang together in the attempt to reach common purposes, demonstrate a certain metaphysical solidity. Political Identity and the Metaphysics of Polities will appeal to researchers and advanced students working in metaphysics, political philosophy, political theory, and philosophy of action"--
    Description / Table of Contents: Political identity and human agency -- The metaphysical identity of polities -- The practical significance of the identity of polities.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    DOI: 10.4324/9781003255185
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Political Identity and the Metaphysics of Polities (2023)
    Milton : Taylor & Francis Group
    Details
    ISBN: 9781000878790
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (253 pages)
    Series Statement: Routledge Studies in Metaphysics Ser.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 306.2
    Keywords: Political culture-Philosophy ; Ideology ; Identity politics ; Metaphysics ; Political culture Philosophy ; Ideology ; Identity politics ; Metaphysics ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Political Identity, Political Discourse and Philosophical Analysis: An Introduction -- PART I: Political Identity and Human Agency -- 1. Castañeda's Moral Theory as Point of Departure: Moral Codes, Moral Ideal, Political Communities, Global Community -- 2. Practical Identity and Open Cooperation -- 3. Political Agency and Identity in the Framework of an Interactional Approach -- 4. The Anthropological Bases of Political Identity -- PART II: The Metaphysical Identity of Polities -- 5. Political Communities and the Logic of Identities -- 6. Plato and Aristotle on the Unity of the City -- 7. Political Identity: Human Nature, Common Good, and Narratives -- 8. What Makes the Identity of Notre-Dame de Paris? -- PART III: The Practical Significance of the Identity of Polities -- 9. Moral Demandingness: A (Partly Historical) Critique -- 10. A Sense for Political Community: Obligations and Motivations in Time of Covid-19 Pandemic -- 11. Comedies of the Cultural Commons -- 12. National Identity and the Human Good -- Contributors -- Index.
    Abstract: "The essays in this volume clarify the notion of political identity by focusing on the metaphysics of polities. By analysing the notion of political identity, they provide the conceptual resources for a deeper understanding of the theoretical and practical debates on populism, on the crisis of sovereignty, on the feasibility of a world government, and on ethical, religious, and cultural pluralism. What is a political community? Any answer to this question lies at the intersection between three fields: metaphysics, philosophy of action, and political philosophy. The question concerns how and why a plurality of individuals becomes a political unity, what principles or forces keep that unity together, and what threats that unity can encounter. In this volume, the contributors investigate how different metanormative views affect the possible answers to this metaphysical question. They explore the role that the individual identities of agents play in grounding common practices that underpin political life. They investigate the individual identities of agents as the result of the interplay between natural and cultural factors. Finally, they observe the ways in which a political community, as a collection of individuals who hang together in the attempt to reach common purposes, demonstrate a certain metaphysical solidity. Political Identity and the Metaphysics of Polities will appeal to researchers and advanced students working in metaphysics, political philosophy, political theory, and philosophy of action"--
    Note: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
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  • 32
    Book
    Book
    The cyber meta-reality : beyond the metaverse (2022)
    Lanham : Lexington Books
    Details
    ISBN: 9781666909258
    Language: English
    Pages: xxxi, 247 pages
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sipper, Joshua A Cyber meta-reality
    DDC: 303.48/34
    Keywords: Cyberspace Philosophy ; Reality ; Multiverse ; Metaphysics ; Internet ; Virtuelle Realität ; Metaphysik
    Abstract: Introduction: Cyberspace as a parallel universe -- Living in the cyber meta-reality -- The social reality -- The spiritual reality -- The information warfare reality -- Other realities -- What is the cyber biome? -- Cyber florae -- Cyber faunae -- The cyber ecosystem -- Dark web -- Living archives -- Cyber microorganisms -- Living code -- Cyber DNA and cyber "junk" DNA -- The new world.
    Abstract: "You live in the cyber meta-reality. You and your family probably spend more time in this reality than any other. This book will help anyone who lives in the cyber meta-reality to understand where they live, how this world is evolving, and how we will likely evolve along with it"--
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 33
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    Online Resource
    Current Trends in Philosophy of Science : A Prospective for the Near Future (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031013157
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(VII, 298 p. 1 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 462
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Pragmatism.
    Abstract: 1. From the Current Trends in Philosophy of Science to the Prospects for the Near Future (Wenceslao J. Gonzalez) -- Part I. Philosophy of Medicine and Climate Change. 2. Philosophy of science meets medicine (again): a clearer-sighted view of the virtues of blinding and of tests for blinding in clinical trials (John Worrall) -- 3. Environmental decision-making under uncertainty (Joe Roussos, Richard Bradley, and Roman Frigg) -- Part II. Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence and the Internet. 4. Artificial Intelligence and Philosophy of Science from the 1990s to the early 2020s (Donald Gillies and Marco Gillies) -- 5. Whatever happened to the logic of discovery? From transparent logic to alien reasoning (Thomas Nickles) -- 6. Scientific Side of the Future of the Internet as a Complex System. The Role of Prediction and Prescription of Applied Sciences (Wenceslao J. Gonzalez) -- Part III. New Analyses of Probability and the Use of Mathematics in Practice. 7. From Logical to Probabilistic Empiricism: Arguments for Pluralism (Maria Carla Galavotti) -- 8. Instrumental Realism -- A New Start for Mathematics and Scientific Practice (Ladislav Kvasz) -- Part IV. Scientific Progress Revisited. 9. Scientific Progress and the Search for Truth (Philip Kitcher) -- 10. The Logic of Qualitative Progress in Nomic, Design, and Explicative Research (Theo Kuipers) -- Part V. Scientific Realism and the Instrumentalist Alternative. 11. Explicating Inference to the Best Explanation (Ilkka Niiniluoto) -- 12. Re-inflating the Realism-Instrumentalism Controversy (Stathis Psillos) -- Index.
    Abstract: This book seeks to provide new perspectives, to broaden the field of philosophy of science, or to renew themes that have had a great impact on the profession. Thus, after an initial chapter to situate the current trends in philosophy of science and the prospective of the near future, it offers contributions in five thematic blocks: I) Philosophy of Medicine and Climate Change; II) Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence and the Internet; III) New Analyses of Probability and the Use of Mathematics in Practice; IV) Scientific Progress Revisited; and V) Scientific Realism and the Instrumentalist Alternative. Within this framework, the volume addresses such relevant issues as the methodological validity of medical evidence or decision making in situations of uncertainty; recent advances in Artificial Intelligence and the future of the Internet; current forms of empirically based methodological pluralism and new ways of understanding mathematics with scientific practice; and the revision of the approaches to scientific progress based on the experiences accumulated in recent decades.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-01315-7
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  • 34
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    Online Resource
    Quantum Mechanics and Fundamentality : Naturalizing Quantum Theory between Scientific Realism and Ontological Indeterminacy (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783030996420
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XXI, 415 p. 1 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 460
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Quantum physics. ; Metaphysics. ; Philosophy—History. ; Ontology.
    Abstract: Introduction -- Part I: Realism. 1. The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Decoherence (Davide Romano) -- 2. Quantum Fundamentalism vs. Scientific Realism (Matthias Egg) -- 3. On the Principles that Serve as Guides to the Ontology of Quantum Mechanics (Vera Matarese) -- 4. The Quantum World as a Resource. A Case for the Cohabitation of Two Paradigms (Laura Felline) -- 5. Quantum Ontology: Out of this World? (Travis Norsen) -- 6. Why Might an Instrumentalist Endorse Bohmian Mechanics? (Darrell P. Rowbottom) -- Part II: Ontology. 7. Beables, Primitive Ontology and Beyond: How Theories Meet the World (Andrea Oldofredi) -- 8. All Flash, No Substance? (Towards a Fundamental Ontology for GRW) (Elizabeth Miller) -- 9. Does the Primitive Ontology rest on Shaky Ground? (Cristian Mariani) -- 10. Towards a Structuralist Elimination of Quantum Properties (Valia Allori) -- 11. Quantum Ontology without the Wave Function (Carlo Rovelli) -- 12. The Relational Ontology of Contemporary Physics (Francesca Vidotto) -- 13. Explicit Construction of Local Hidden Variables for Any Quantum Theory up to Any Desired Accuracy(Gerard t’Hooft) -- Part III: The Wave Function. 14. Wave Function Realism and Three Dimensions (Lev Vaidman) -- 15. Reality as a Vector in Hilbert Space (Sean Carroll) -- 16. Cat alive and cat dead are not Cats! Ontology and Statistics in ‘Realist’ Versions of Quantum Mechanics(Jean Bricmont) -- 17. Ontic Random Variables, Incommensurable Probability Distributions, and the Platonic Interpretation of Quantum Theoryn (Jacob Barandes) -- 18. Cosmic Hylomorphism vs Bohmian Dispositionalism. Implications of the "No-successor Problem" (William Simpson and John Pemberton) -- 19. The Governing Conception of the Wavefunctionn (Nina Emery) -- 20. Representation and the Quantum State (Richard Healey) -- Part IV: Indeterminacy. 21. Quantum Mechanics Without Indeterminacy (David Glick) -- 22. Derivative Metaphysical Indeterminacy and Quantum Physics (Alessandro Torza) -- 23. Explication Quantum Indeterminacy (Peter Lewis) -- 24. Defending the Situations-based Approach to Deep Worldly Indeterminacy (George Darby and Martin Pickup) -- 25. Metaphysical Indeterminacy in the Multiversen (Claudio Calosi and Jessica Wilson) -- 26. Fundamentality and Levels in Everettian Quantum Mechanics (Al Wilson).
    Abstract: This edited collection provides new perspectives on some metaphysical questions arising in quantum mechanics. These questions have been long-standing and are of continued interest to researchers and graduate students working in physics, philosophy of physics and metaphysics. It features contributions from a diverse set of researchers, ranging from senior scholars to junior academics, working in varied fields, from physics to philosophy of physics and metaphysics. The contributors reflect on issues about fundamentality (is quantum theory fundamental? If so, what is its fundamental ontology?), ontological dependence (how do ordinary objects exist even if they are not fundamental?), realism (what kind of realism is compatible with quantum theory?), indeterminacy (can the world itself exhibit ontological indeterminacy?). With contributions from both physicists (including Nobel Prize winner Gerard 't Hooft), science communicators and philosophers. .
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-99642-0
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    Discoverability : The Urgent Need of an Ecology of Human Creativity (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783030933296
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XIX, 156 p. 1 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Logic, Argumentation & Reasoning, Interdisciplinary Perspectives from the Humanities and Social Sciences 26
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Logic. ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: 1. Discoverability Explained: Optimizing the Eco-Cognitive Situatedness -- 2. Curing Eco-Cognitive Situatedness: Diagnosticability, Affordances, Abduction -- 3. Eco-Cognitive Openness and Eco-Cognitive Closure: Locking or Unlocking Strategies? “Knowledge in Motion” Defended -- 4. Jeopardizing Discoverability Epistemic Irresponsibility: Human Creative Abduction Attacked -- 5. The Future of Eco-Cognitive Settings Computationally or Humanly Tailored? -- Conclusion.
    Abstract: The book analyses the concept of discoverability, and some current epistemological problems related to it, with a special attention to science. It shows that discoverability is closely related to the sustainability of human creativity in an "eco-cognitive" perspective. Advocating the need of an integral ecology and leveraging the important concept of abduction, it demonstrates that an ecology of human creativity should have priority over other needs, i.e that the first ecological duty is to protect and sustain discoverability. Enhancing discoverability will protect human creativity, and it is exactly human creativity, a form of innovative abductive cognition, that can promote the implementation of the other kinds of ecology. The author guides readers through a comprehensive discussion on the concept of discoverability, eco-cognitive situatedness, and eco-cognitive openness and closure alike. By describing some key real-world examples, he highlights the main challenges that are currently posed to human creativity and epistemic integrity. He also describes future eco-cognitive settings, discussing the problem of overcomputationalism and suggesting a reinterpretation of the role of human knowledge. Overall, this book fills an important gap in the literature on the nexus abduction – creativity – discovery, offering a source of inspiration to philosophers, epistemologists, and cognitive scientists. Yet, it also addresses researchers in other disciplines interested in the problems of scientific discovery and epistemic integrity of research.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-93329-6
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    On Hilbert's Sixth Problem (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783030838379
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XIII, 191 p. 1 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 441
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Physics—Philosophy. ; Mathematical logic.
    Abstract: Foreword -- 1. Preliminary -- Part I. Physics: A Primer. 2. Classical mechanics -- 3. Variational calculus -- 4. Lagrangian formulation -- 5. Hamilton’s equations -- 6. Hamilton–Jacobi theory -- 7. Where the action is -- 8. From classical to quantum -- 9. Field theory -- 10. Electromagnetism -- 11. Special relativity -- 12. General relativity -- 13. Gauge field theories -- Part II. Axiomatics. 14. Axiomatizations in ZFC -- Part III. Technicalities. 15. Hierarchies -- Part IV. More applications. 16. Arnol’d’s 1974 problems -- 17. Forcing and gravitation -- 18. Economics and ecology -- Part V. Computer science. 19. Fast–growing functions -- Part VI. Hypercomputation. 20. Hypercomputation -- References.
    Abstract: This book explores the premise that a physical theory is an interpretation of the analytico–canonical formalism. Throughout the text, the investigation stresses that classical mechanics in its Lagrangian formulation is the formal backbone of theoretical physics. The authors start from a presentation of the analytico–canonical formalism for classical mechanics, and its applications in electromagnetism, Schrödinger's quantum mechanics, and field theories such as general relativity and gauge field theories, up to the Higgs mechanism. The analysis uses the main criterion used by physicists for a theory: to formulate a physical theory we write down a Lagrangian for it. A physical theory is a particular instance of the Lagrangian functional. So, there is already an unified physical theory. One only has to specify the corresponding Lagrangian (or Lagrangian density); the dynamical equations are the associated Euler–Lagrange equations. The theory of Suppes predicates as the main tool in the axiomatization and examples from the usual theories in physics. For applications, a whole plethora of results from logic that lead to interesting, and sometimes unexpected, consequences. This volume looks at where our physics happen and which mathematical universe we require for the description of our concrete physical events. It also explores if we use the constructive universe or if we need set–theoretically generic spacetimes.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-83837-9
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    The Justificatory Force of Experiences : From a Phenomenological Epistemology to the Foundations of Mathematics and Physics (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783030961138
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XXI, 371 p. 1 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 459
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Phenomenology .
    Abstract: Introduction -- Part I. A Phenomenological Conception of Experiential Justification. 1. Motivating PCEJ -- 2. Perceptual Justification -- 3. Intuitional Justification -- 4. How to Supplement Mentalist Evidentialism: Phenomenological Principles are the Fundamental Epistemological Principles! -- Part II. Husserl as a Proponent of PCEJ -- 5. Husserl as a Moderate Foundationalist -- 6. The Nature and Systematic Role of Evidence: Husserl as a Proponent of Mentalist Evidentialism -- 7. Husserl's Conception of Experiential Justification -- 8. Husserl’s Universal Empiricism as a Moderate Rationalism -- 9. Husserl’s Phenomenological Intuitionism -- Part III. Transcendental Phenomenology as the Ultimate Science. 10. Transcendental Phenomenology as an Epistemological Project -- 11. New Ways to Transcendental Phenomenology -- 12. Transcendental Phenomenology as the Project of Ultimate Elucidation -- Part IV. The Phenomenological Foundations of the Individual Sciences. 13. Sources of Knowledge: The Correlational A Priori -- 14. The Phenomenological Foundations of Mathematics: Introducing a Phenomenological Intuitionism -- 15. Phenomenological Approaches to Physics -- Conclusion -- Index.
    Abstract: This book offers a phenomenological conception of experiential justification that seeks to clarify why certain experiences are a source of immediate justification and what role experiences play in gaining (scientific) knowledge. Based on the author's account of experiential justification, this book exemplifies how a phenomenological experience-first epistemology can epistemically ground the individual sciences. More precisely, it delivers a comprehensive picture of how we get from epistemology to the foundations of mathematics and physics. The book is unique as it utilizes methods and insights from the phenomenological tradition in order to make progress in current analytic epistemology. It serves as a starting point for re-evaluating the relevance of Husserlian phenomenology to current analytic epistemology and making an important step towards paving the way for future mutually beneficial discussions. This is achieved by exemplifying how current debates can benefit from ideas, insights, and methods we find in the phenomenological tradition.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-96113-8
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    Powers, Time and Free Will (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783030924867
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XVI, 272 p. 1 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 451
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Ethics.
    Abstract: Introduction (C. Austin, A. Marmodoro and A. Roselli) -- 1. What's dynamic about causal powers? A black box! (Anna Marmodoro) -- 2. Toppling the pyramids. Physics without physical state monism (William M. R. Simpson and Simon Horsley) -- 3. Dispositional essentialism in the eternalist block (Andrea Roselli) -- 4. A dynamic B theory of time (Robert C.Koons) -- 5. Libertarian freedom in an eternalist world? (Ben Page) -- 6. The temporal structure of agency (Janice Chik) -- 7. Freedom of the will and rational abilities (Erasmus Mayr) -- 8. The power to will freely: how to re-think about the problem of free will without laws of nature (Daniel De Haan) -- 9. Laws loosened (Helen Steward) -- 10. The problem of radical freedom (Andreas Hüttemann) -- 11. How the libet tradition can contribute to understanding human action rather than free will (Sofia Bonicalzi and Mario de Caro) -- 12. The Consequence Argument and an ontology of dispositions (Mauro Dorato) -- 13. Super-Humeanism and mental causation (Michael Esfeld).
    Abstract: This book brings together twelve original contributions by leading scholars on the much-debated issues of what is free will and how can we exercise it in a world governed by laws of nature. Which conception of laws of nature best fits with how we conceive of free will? And which constraints does our conception of the laws of nature place on how we think of free will? The metaphysics of causation and the metaphysics of dispositions are also explored in this edited volume, in relation to whether they may or may not be game-changers in how we think about both free will and the laws of nature. The volume presents the views of a range of international experts on these issues, and aims at providing the reader with novel approaches to a core problem in philosophy. The target audience is composed by academics and scholars who are interested in an original and contemporary approach to these long-debated issues. Chapters [2] and [4] are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-92486-7
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    Miracles: An Exercise in Comparative Philosophy of Religion (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031148651
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(X, 325 p. 20 illus., 15 illus. in color.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Comparative Philosophy of Religion 3
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Miracles
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Religion—Philosophy. ; Religions. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Wunder ; Wundergeschichte ; Religionsphilosophie ; Vergleichende Religionswissenschaft
    Abstract: Chapter 1: Introduction -- Part I: Miracles in Religious Traditions -- Chapter 2: How to Tell a Miracle Story: The Amazing Deeds of Young Krishna -- Chapter 3: Inconvenient Wonders: Ambivalence in Hasidism about the Miraculous Powers of the Tsaddik -- Chapter 4: Qur’anic Miracle Stories: Surprising Implications for Theodicy, Transience, and Freedom -- Chapter 5: Expecting the Unexpected: Pentecostal Miracles as Performance, Production, and Placeholder -- Part II: Miracles in Polemics -- Chapter 6: On Miracles in the Vimalakīrti Sūtra during Early Medieval Period of China -- Chapter 7: “By Whose Authority?” Polemical and Political Uses of Miracle Stories -- Part III: Miracles of Healing -- Chapter 8: Miracle as Natural: A Contemporary Chinese American Religious Healer -- Chapter 9: What Miracles in the Global South Contribute to Understanding the Human Condition -- Part IV: Miracles and Morality -- Chapter 10: The Ethics of Wonder: Miracles, Magic, and Morality in Devotional Hinduism -- Chapter 11: Miracles: Two Lakota Case Studies -- Part V: Miracles, Logic, and Science -- Chapter 12: Miracles in Philosophical Analysis -- Chapter 13: Non-Interventionist Objective Divine Action and Quantum Mechanics -- Chapter 14 Miracles and the Uniformity of Nature -- Chapter 15: Investigating Miracles -- Part VI: Miracles and Mysticism -- Chapter 16: Changed in a Flash: How One Woman Was Struck by Lightning, Talked to God, and Came Back to Dream the Future -- Part VII: Comparative Conclusions -- Chapter 17: On the Epistemic Function of Miracles -- Chapter 18: Miracles: So What?.
    Abstract: This volume provides a comparative philosophical investigation into a particular concept from a variety of angles—in this case, the concept of “miracle.” The text covers deeply philosophical questions around the miracle, with a multiplicity of answers. Each chapter brings its own focus to this multifaceted effort. The volume rejects the primarily western focus that typically dominates philosophy of religion and is filled with particular examples of miracle narratives, community responses, and polemical scenarios across widely varying religious contexts and historical periods. Some of these examples defy religious categorization, and some papers challenge the applicability of the concept “miracle,” which is of western and monotheistic origin. By examining miracles thru a wide comparative context, this text presents a range of descriptive content and analysis, with attention to the audience, to the subjective experiences being communicated, and to the flavor of the narratives that come to surround miracles. This book appeals to students and researchers working in philosophy of religion and science, as well those in comparative religion. It represents, in written form, some of the perspectives and dialogue achieved in The Comparison Project’s 2017–2019 lecture series on miracles. The Comparison Project is an enterprise in comparing a variety of religious voices, allowing them to stand in dialogue. .
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-14865-1
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    Époque Émilienne : Philosophy and Science in the Age of Émilie Du Châtelet (1706-1749) (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783030899219
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XVIII, 547 p. 44 illus., 18 illus. in color.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Women in the History of Philosophy and Sciences 11
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy—History. ; Feminism. ; Feminist theory. ; Philosophy, Modern. ; Enlightenment. ; Gravitation. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Introduction -- Part 1: Du Châtelet Between Leibniz and Kant -- Chapter 1. Émilie Du Châtelet Between Leibniz and Kant. Eberhard and the Transcendental Turn (Ruth Hagengruber) -- Chapter 2. The Significance of Du Châtelet's Proof of the Parallelogram of Forces (Katherine Dunlop) -- Chapter 3. Du Châtelet's Contribution to the Concept of Time. History of Philosophy between Leibniz and Kant (Clara Carus) -- Chapter 4. The Reception of Émilie Du Châtelet in the German Enlightenment in the Light of the Controversy over Monads (Andrea Reichenberger) -- Chapter 5. Émilie du Châtelet in the Correspondence between Christian Wolff and Ernst Christoph of Manteuffel (Hanns-Peter Neumann) -- Part 2:Methodical Questions: Du Châtelet Between Leibniz and Newton -- Chapter 6. Three French Newtonians and their Leibniz Background (Hartmut Hecht) -- Chapter 7. Les corps agissent sur la lumière." Émilie Du Châtelet's Deliberations on the Nature of Light in her Essai sur l'optique (Fritz Nagel) -- Chapter 8. Émilie Du Châtelet's Epistemology of Hypotheses (Gianni Paganini) -- Chapter 9. Émilie Du Châtelet’s Institutions physiques considered as a philosophy of science based on the history of science (Dieter Suisky) -- Chapter 10. Leibnizian Causes in a Newtonian World - Émilie Du Châtelet on Causation (Ansgar Lyssi) -- Chapter 11. Du Châtelet on Newtonian Attraction (Marco Storni) -- Part 3: Du Châtelet and Newton -- Chapter 12. Making Scientific Theories: Émilie Du Châtelet's Circle and the Newtonian "Revolution" (Robyn Arianrhod) -- Chapter 13. Émilie Du Châtelet and Newton’s Principia (Michel Toulmonde) -- Chapter 14. Du Châtelet’s Commentary on Newton’s Principia: An Assessment (George Smith) -- Part 4: Du Châtelet in Italy -- Chapter 15. Émilie Du Châtelet and Italy. The Italian translation of Émilie Du Châtelet's Institutions physiques in intellectual context (Sarah Hutton) -- Chapter 16. Du Châtelet in Italy: Who was behind Du Châtelet’s Italian Translation? (Romana Bassi) -- Part 5: Du Châtelet in France -- Chapter 17. "Anonymity and Ambition": Émilie Du Châtelet's Dissertation du feu (1744) (Keiko Kawashima) -- Chapter 18. "D'une marquise l'autre. Mme Du Châtelet et les Enretiens sur la pluralité des mondes de Fontenelle" (Christophe Martin) -- Chapter 19. Scientia Sexualis: Voltaire, La Mettrie and Émilie Du Châtelet on Love (Gabor Boros) -- Chapter 20. Émilie Du Châtelet and La Mettrie (Anne Thomson) -- Chapter 21. Natural Pleasure: Pierre-Louis Moreau de Maupertuis’s Contribution to a Materialist Conception of the Erotic (Waltraud Ernst) -- Chapter 22. The Influence of Epicurean thought on Mme Du Châtelet's Discours sur le Bonheur (Alexsandra Gierault) -- Chapter 23. Self-Deception and Illusions of Esteem: Contextualizing Châtelet's Challenge (Andreas Blank) -- Chapter 24. Mme Du Châtelet, Clandestine Philosopher (Susan 24. Seguin) -- Chapter 25. Mme Du Châtelet, a heterodox philosopher reads the Bible (Bertram Schwarzbach) -- Part 6: Du Châtelet: Manuscript and Editing History -- Chapter 26. Les manuscrits d‘Émilie Du Châtelet conservés à la Bibliothèque nationale de Russie (Natalia Speranskaja) -- Chapter 27. Printing Du Châtelet's Institutions de Physique: The Variant Texts (Ronald Smelzer) -- List of abbreviations.
    Abstract: The present book contextualizes Du Châtelet’s contribution to the philosophy of her time. The editor offers this tribute to an Époque Émilienne as a collection of innovative papers on Emilie Du Châtelet’s powerful philosophy and legacy. Du Châtelet was an outstanding figure in the era she lived in. Her work and achievements were unique, though not an exception in the 18th century, which did not lack outstanding women. Her personal intellectual education, her scholarly network and her mental acumen were celebrated in her time, perceiving her to have “multiplied nine figures by nine figures in her head”. She was able to gain access to institutions which were normally denied to women. To call an epoch an Époque Émilienne may be seen as daring and audacious, but it will not be the last time if we continue to bring women philosophers back into the memory of the history of philosophy. The contributors paid attention to the philosophical state of the art, which forms the background to Du Châtelet’s philosophy. They follow the transformation of philosophical concepts under her pen and retrace the impact of her ideas. The book is of interest to scholars working in the history of philosophy as well as in gender studies. It is of special interest for scholars working on the 18th century, Kant, Leibniz, Wolff, Newton and the European Enlightenment.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-89921-9
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    Hierarchical Emergent Ontology and the Universal Principle of Emergence (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783030981488
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XVII, 252 p. 1 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Analysis (Philosophy). ; Philosophy of nature. ; Ontology. ; Philosophy of mind.
    Abstract: 1. Reductionism and holism -- 2. Towards a universal principle of emergence (UPE) -- 3. Emergence in physical systems -- 4. Hierarchical emergent ontology (HEO) -- Conclusion: Emergence and the open universe.
    Abstract: This book offers a new look at emergence in terms of a hierarchical emergent ontology. Emergence is recognised as a universal principle, as universal as the principle of evolution. This is achieved by setting out the ontological criteria of emergence and such criteria’s various roles. The traditional dichotomies are overcome, e.g., the synchronic and diachronic perspectives are unified, allowing a single, universal principle of emergence to be applied across various fields of science. As exemplars of its practical utility in both explanation and prediction, this new approach is applied to three different scientific areas: cellular automata, quantum Hall effects, and the neural network of the mind. It proves that the resulting metaphysics of hierarchical emergent ontology plays a fundamental role in unifying science, an impossible task under classical reductionism.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-98148-8
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    Contemporary Materialism: Its Ontology and Epistemology (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783030894887
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XIX, 378 p. 1 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 447
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Science—History.
    Abstract: Foreword -- Preface -- Introduction -- 1. What is Materialism? History and Concepts (Javier Pérez-Jara, Gustavo E. Romero, and Lino Camprubí) -- 2. Systemic Materialism (Gustavo E. Romero) -- 3. Discontinuous Materialism (Javier Pérez-Jara) -- 4. Quantum Matter (Gustavo E. Romero) -- 5. Spacetime is material (Luciano Combi) -- 6. Systemic Materialism in Biology (Rafael González del Solar) -- 7. Mind and Matter (Íñigo Ongay de Felipe) -- 8. Materialism and the History of Science (Lino Camprubí) -- 9. Materialism, Logic, and Mathematics (Carlos M. Madrid Casado) -- 10. The Material Nature of Software (Miguel A. Quintanilla Fisac) -- 11. Mathematics Refer to Material Entities / Mathematics do not Refer to Material Entities (Gustavo E. Romero and Carlos M. Madrid Casado) -- 12. Emergent Materialism Implies Continuism / Emergent Materialism Does Not Imply Continuism (Íñigo Ongay and Javier Pérez-Jara) -- 13. Materialism is False / Materialism is Not False (Graham Harman and Javier Pérez-Jara) -- Name Index -- Subject Index.
    Abstract: Materialism has been the subject of extensive and rich controversies since Robert Boyle introduced the term for the first time in the 17th century. But what is materialism and what can it offer today? The term is usually defined as the worldview according to which everything real is material. Nevertheless, there is no philosophical consensus about whether the meaning of matter can be enlarged beyond the physical. As a consequence, materialism is often defined in stark exclusive and reductionist terms: whatever exists is either physical or ontologically reducible to it. This conception, if consistent, mutilates reality, excluding the ontological significance of political, economic, sociocultural, anthropological and psychological realities. Starting from a new history of materialism, the present book focuses on the central ontological and epistemological debates aroused by today’s leading materialist approaches, including some little known to an anglophone readership. The key concepts of matter, system, emergence, space and time, life, mind, and software are checked over and updated. Controversial issues such as the nature of mathematics and the place of reductionism are also discussed from different materialist approaches. As a result, materialism emerges as a powerful, indispensable scientifically-supported worldview with a surprising wealth of nuances and possibilities.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-89488-7
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    Analogue quantum simulation : a new instrument for scientific understanding (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783030872168
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (153 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Physics—Philosophy. ; Mathematical physics. ; Quantum optics. ; Spintronics.
    Abstract: 1. Introduction -- 2. Distinctions with a Difference -- 3. Case Studies -- 4. Understanding Understanding -- 5. Methodological Mapping -- 6. Norms for Simulation and Emulation -- 7. Conclusion and Prospectus.
    Abstract: This book presents fresh insights into analogue quantum simulation. It argues that these simulations are a new instrument of science. They require a bespoke philosophical analysis, sensitive to both the similarities to and the differences with conventional scientific practices such as analogical argument, experimentation, and classical simulation. The analysis situates the various forms of analogue quantum simulation on the methodological map of modern science. In doing so, it clarifies the functions that analogue quantum simulation serves in scientific practice. To this end, the authors introduce a number of important terminological distinctions. They establish that analogue quantum ‘computation' and ‘emulation' are distinct scientific practices and lead to distinct forms of scientific understanding. The authors also demonstrate the normative value of the computation vs. emulation distinction at both an epistemic and a pragmatic level. The volume features a range of detailed case studies focusing on: i) cold atom computation of many-body localisation and the Higgs mode; ii) photonic emulation of quantum effects in biological systems; and iii) emulation of Hawing radiation in dispersive optical media. Overall, readers will discover a normative framework to isolate and support the goals of scientists undertaking analogue quantum simulation and emulation. This framework will prove useful to both working scientists and philosophers of science interested in cutting-edge scientific practice.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-87216-8
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    Levels of Reality in Science and Philosophy : Re-examining the Multi-level Structure of Reality (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783030994259
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(VII, 292 p. 1 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Jerusalem Studies in Philosophy and History of Science
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Cognitive psychology. ; Philosophy of mind. ; Biology—Philosophy. ; Metaphysics.
    Abstract: Chapter 1. Introduction (Meir Hemmo, Stavros Ioannidis, Orly Shenker, Gal Vishne) -- Chapter 2. Phenomenality and Accessibility of Conscious Experience (Katalin Balog) -- Chapter 3. Levels of Reality and Levels of Description (Yemima Ben-Menahem) -- Chapter 4. Levels of Reality and the Method of Metaphysics (Michael Esfeld) -- Chapter 5. Can the Extended Current-Physics Reply Avoid Hempel's Dilemma? (Erez Firt) -- Chapter 6. How Context Can Determine the Identity of Physical Computation (Nir Fresco) -- Chapter 7. The Incremental Chain of Being (John Heil) -- Chapter 8. How to Carve Nature at its Joints (Meir Hemmo & Orly Shenker) -- Chapter 9. Fleeing from Flat Physicalism (Carl Hoefer) -- Chapter 10. Is Mechanistic Investigation Reductive? (Arnon Levy) -- Chapter 11. Levels in the Mentaculus (Barry Loewer) -- Chapter 12. Structural Interpretation and Reductionism (Holger Lyre) -- Chapter 13. Physicalism: Flat or Egalitarian? (Gualtiero Piccinini) -- Chapter 14. Levels of Mechanism: Constitution vs Causation (Stathis Psillos & Stavros Ioannidis) -- Chapter 15. Rethinking the Unity of Science Hypothesis: Levels, Mechanisms, and Realization (Lawrence Shapiro) -- Chapter 16. Supervenience, Levels, and Probability (Elliott Sober).
    Abstract: This book offers a unique perspective on one of the deepest questions about the world we live in: is reality multi-leveled, or can everything be reduced to some fundamental ‘flat’ level? This deep philosophical issue has widespread implications in philosophy, since it is fundamental to how we understand the world and the basic entities in it. Both the notion of ‘levels’ within science and their ontological implications are issues that are underexplored in the philosophical literature. The volume reconsiders the view that reality contains many levels and opens new ways to understand the ontological status of the special sciences. The book focuses on major open questions that arise at the foundations of cognitive science, cognitive psychology, brain science and other special sciences, in particular with respect to the physical foundations of these sciences. For example: Is the mental computational? Do brains compute? How can the special sciences be autonomous from physics, grounded in, or based on, physics and at the same time irreducible to physics? The book is an important read for scientists and philosophers alike. It is of interest to philosophers of science, philosophers of mind and biology interested in the notion of levels, but also to psychologists, cognitive scientists and neuroscientists investigating such issues as the precise relation of the mental to the underlying neural structures and the appropriate approach to study it.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-99425-9
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    Edgar Zilsel: Philosopher, Historian, Sociologist (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783030936877
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(IX, 421 p. 4 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook, Institute Vienna Circle, University of Vienna Vienna Circle Society, Society for the Advancement of Scientific World Conceptions 27
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Sociology. ; Science—History. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Part I: Edgar Zilsel: Philosopher, Historian, Sociologist -- Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. From the Problem of Genius to the Integration of Philosophy, History, and Sociology of Science: Edgar Zilsel’s Life and Work Viewed in the Context of Recent Historiography and Research -- Chapter 3. The Circumstances of Edgar Zilsel’s Failed Habilitation. A Case Study on the Instigations of Anti-Semitic and Conservative Academic Networks in the 1920s at the University of Vienna -- Chapter 4. On Thermodynamics and Society: Zilsel’s Epistemology and Politics Across Disciplinary Boundaries -- Chapter 5. Edgar Zilsel: Excellent Qualifications of an Awkward Man -- Chapter 6. The Law of Large Numbers. Edgar Zilsel’s Attempt at the Foundation of Physical and Socio-historical Laws -- Chapter 7. Facts of Nature or Products of Reason? Edgar Zilsel Caught Between Ontological and Epistemic Conceptions of Natural Laws -- Chapter 8. Applications and Applicability. Zilsel’s Criticism of Carnap’s Early View on Protocol Statements -- Chapter 9. Laws, Causality, and Retribution – Hans Kelsen and Edgar Zilsel. A Marginal Note -- Chapter 10. How to Explain the Modern Personality Cult. Some Reflections on Edgar Zilsel’s Studies on the Modern Genius-Veneration -- Chapter 11. Insufficient Recognition: Comparing Julian Hirsch’s and Edgar Zilsel’s Analyses of the Glorification of Personalities -- Chapter 12. The Religion of Genius Taken Seriously. Edgar Zilsel’s Die Geniereligion (1918) Reviewed as a Critical Philosophical Treatise -- Chapter 13. The Epistemological Foundations of the Zilsel Thesis -- Chapter 14. Social and Epistemic Interactions Between Artisans and Scholars in Iberia. A Zilselian Reading of Early Modern Maritime Expansion -- Chapter 15. Engineering and Mathematical Logic. Another ‘Zilsel-Case’ From the History of Computing -- Chapter 16. Zilsel’s Genius, or the Epistemic Fecundity of Neutrality -- Chapter 17. Zilsel, Zilsel: Reconnecting With an Intellectual Legacy That Deserves to be Revived -- Part II: General Part -- Chapter 18. Pragmatism and the A Priori: Lewis, Carnap and Ramsey -- Chapter 19. The First Vienna Circle: What Kind of Formation Was it—and Why Does it Matter? -- Chapter 20. Obituary: Jacques Bouveresse (1940-2021). How to Remain Rationalist in a Postmodern World? -- Part III: Reviews -- Chapter 21. David Edmonds, The Murder of Professor Schlick: The Rise and Fall of the Vienna Circle, Princeton: Princeton University Press 2020; Karl Sigmund, Exact Thinking in Demented Times: The Vienna Circle and the Epic Quest for the Foundations of Science, New York: Basic Books 2017; Karl Sigmund, Sie nannten sich der Wiener Kreis: Exaktes Denken am Rand des Untergangs, Vienna: Springer 2018 -- Chapter 22. Eva-Maria Engelen (Ed.), Kurt Gödel: Philosophische Notizbücher/Philosophical Notebooks. Volume 1 and Volume 2, Berlin: De Gruyter 2019/2020 -- Chapter 23. Dejan Makovec/Stewart Shapiro (Eds.), Friedrich Waismann: The Open Texture of Analytic Philosophy, Cham: Palgrave Macmillan 2019 -- Chapter 24. Cheryl Misak, Frank Ramsey: A Sheer Excess of Power, Oxford: Oxford University Press 2020.
    Abstract: This book provides a new all-round perspective on the life and work of Edgar Zilsel (1891-1944) as a philosopher, historian, and sociologist. He was close to the Vienna Circle and has been hitherto almost exclusively referred to in terms of the so-called “Zilsel thesis” on the origins of modern science. Much beyond this “thesis”, Zilsel’s brilliant work provides original insights on a broad number of topics, ranging from the philosophy of probability and statistics to the concept of “genius”, from the issues of scientific laws and theories to the sociological background of science and philosophy, and to the political analysis of the problems of his time. Praised by Herbert Feigl as an “outstanding brilliant mind”, Zilsel, being as a Social-Democrat of Jewish origins, mostly led a life of hardship marked by emigration and coming to a sudden and tragic end by suicide in 1944. The impossibility of an academic career has hindered the reception of Zilsel’s scientific work for a long time. This volume is a contribution to its late reception, providing new insights especially into his work during his years in Vienna; moreover, it shows the heuristic value of Zilsel’s ideas for future Scholar research – in philosophy, history, and sociology.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-93687-7
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    The Vienna Circle and Religion (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783030761516
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XII, 283 p. 1 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook, Institute Vienna Circle, University of Vienna Vienna Circle Society, Society for the Advancement of Scientific World Conceptions 25
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The Vienna circle and religion
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Philosophy and religion ; Vienna circle ; History ; Austria ; Austria ; Vienna ; Wiener Kreis ; Geschichte 1900-2000 ; Neopositivismus ; Theologie ; Religion
    Abstract: Editorial -- Part I: The Vienna Circle and Religion -- Chapter 1. Carnap’s Fundamental Philosophical Commitment: From Religious Origins to Kantian Non-Cognitivism, 1911-21 (A. W. Carus) -- Chapter 2. Carnap’s Non-Cognitivism and His Views on Religion. Against the Background of the Herbartian Philosophy of His Grandfather Friedrich Wilhelm Dörpfeld (Christian Damböck) -- Chapter 3. The Place of Religion. An Open Question in Schlick’s Philosophy of Culture (Massimo Ferrari) -- Chapter 4. The “Continuous Line from the Formulations of the Magicians to the Formulations of the Sociologists”. Otto Neurath on the Anthropology of Magic and Religion (Marco Brusotti) -- Chapter 5. “God Never Does Mathematics” – Hans Hahn on Religion (Julia Schäfer) -- Chapter 6. A Rabbi Among the Apostates? Josef Schächter and Religion in the Vienna Circle (Malachi Hacohen) -- Chapter 7. Josef Schächter on Religion and the Philosophy of Language: Preferring Beginnings to Ends (Esther Ramharter) -- Chapter 8. Philipp Frank and the “Conference for Science, Philosophy and Religion”, 1940-1968 (Friedrich Stadler) -- Chapter 9. Kurt Gödel’s Dogmatic Theology (Tim Lethen) -- Chapter 10. Kurt Gödel’s Reception of Charles Hartshorne’s Ontological Proof (Annika Kanckos and Tim Lethen) -- Part II: General Part -- Chapter 11. The Vienna Circle in China: The Story of Tscha Hung (Yi Jiang) -- Chapter 12. Tolerance, Disagreement, and the Practical Dimension of Philosophy Warren Hagstrom’s Interview with Carnap (Adam Tamas Tuboly) -- Part III: Reviews -- Chapter 13. Johannes Feichtinger/Franz L. Fillafer/Jan Surman (Eds.), The Worlds of Positivism. A Global Intellectual History, 1770-1930. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan 2018 (Robert Frühstückl) -- Chapter 14. Donata Romizi, Dem wissenschaftlichen Determinismus auf der Spur. Freiburg/München: Verlag Karl Alber 2019 (Marij van Strien) -- Chapter 15. Bernt Österman (Ed.), “Skriv så ofta du kan”: Brevväxlingen mellan Georg Henrik von Wright och Eino Kaila 1937 – 1958 [“Write as often as You Can”: The Correspondence between Georg Henrik von Wright and Eino Kaila 1937 – 1958.]. Helsingfors: Svenska Litteratursällskapet 2020 (Sami Pihlström) -- Index.
    Abstract: This book is the first systematic and historical account of the Vienna Circle that deals with the relation of logical empiricists with religion as well as theology. Given the standard image of the Vienna Circle as a strong anti-metaphysical group and non-religious philosophical and intellectual movement, this book draws a surprising conclusion, namely, that several members of the famous Moritz Schlick-Circle - e.g., the left wing with Rudolf Carnap, Otto Neurath, Philipp Frank, Edgar Zilsel, but also Schlick himself - dealt with the dualisms of faith/ belief and knowledge, religion and science despite, or because of their non-cognitivist commitment to the values of Enlightenment. One remarkable exception was the philosopher and Rabbi Joseph Schächter, who wrote explicitly on religion and philosophy after the linguistic turn. The book also covers another puzzling figure: the famous logician Kurt Gödel, who wrote on theology and the ontological proof of God in his so far unpublished notebooks. The book opens up new perspectives on the Vienna Circle with its internal philosophical and political pluralism and is of value to philosophers, historians and anybody who is interested in the relation between science and religion. .
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-76151-6
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    URL: Cover
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    Rethinking the concept of law of nature : natural order in the light of contemporary science (2022)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783030967758
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 381 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Jerusalem Studies in Philosophy and History of Science
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rethinking the concept of law of nature
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Science—History. ; Natural law (Philosophy)
    Abstract: This book subjects the traditional concept of law of nature to critical examination. There are two kinds of reasons that invite this reexamination, one deriving from philosophical concerns over the traditional concept, the other motivated by theoretical and practical changes in science. One of the philosophical worries is that the idiom of law of nature, especially when combined with the notion of laws 'governing' individual events and processes, is no longer as intelligible as it used to be in the theistic context in which the formulation of laws became central to science. The traditional concept is also challenged in various ways by contemporary scientific theories such as quantum mechanics, chaos theory and the general theory of relativity. It is no longer clear that there are any universal laws, laws do not always guarantee predictability, and the border between physical and mathematical considerations is constantly shifting. The most difficult challenge, perhaps, is to come up with a scientific explanation of the origin of laws. Wrestling with these intriguing problems, the papers in this volume broaden both our understanding of the natural order and our desiderata of scientific explanation. .
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-96775-8
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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    Thought Experiments (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783030810825
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(X, 130 p. 9 illus., 1 illus. in color.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Science—History. ; Analysis (Philosophy).
    Abstract: Introduction: What are thought experiments? -- The main characteristics: stages of experiments, their role in science in philosophy, their closest relatives -- Uderstanding the thought experiments: empiricist, Platonist and inferentialist proposals, the mental modelling as alternative -- The challenge of experimental philosophy -- Understanding the history of influential though-experiments -- Conclusion.
    Abstract: This book offers a readable introduction to the main aspects of thought experimenting in philosophy and science (together with related imaginative activities in mathematics and linguistics). It presents the main options in understanding thought experiments, from empiricism to Platonism, and discusses their strengths and weaknesses. However, it also provides some original perspectives on the topic. Firstly, it provides a new definition and analysis of thought experimenting that brings it closer to laboratory experimenting. Secondly, it develops the author’s earlier theory of “mental modelling”, proposed some decades ago by him, and some other researchers in the field as the crucial procedure in thought experimenting. The mental modelling approach links work with thought experimenting to cognitive science and to research on mental simulation which is a hot topic in present-day research. Thirdly, it proposes a principled way to respond to criticism of thought experimenting by “experimental philosophers” as they have been dominating the present-day debates. The response suggests a possible ameliorative, self-help project for thought experimenting. Finally, the book provides a way to systematize the history of important thought experiments in science and philosophy and thus connects, in an original way, the systematic investigation of experimenting to the historical work of famous thought experiments. It is of interest to scholars interested in history of ideas and philosophy of science.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-81082-5
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    The Temporality of Determinacy : Functional Relations in Metaphysics and Science (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan
    Details
    ISBN: 9783030865306
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(VI, 301 p.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Metaphysics. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: 1. Introduction -- 2. Determinacy and Functional Relations -- 3. The Temporality of Determinacy I: Philosophy of Non-Physical Sciences -- 4. The Temporality of Determinacy II: Philosophy of Physical Sciences -- 5. The Temporality of Determinacy III: Kant and Contemporary Philosophy -- 6. Conclusion. .
    Abstract: Metaphysics has often held that laws of nature, if legitimate, must be time-independent. Yet mounting evidence from the foundations of science suggests that this constraint may be obsolete. This book provides arguments against this atemporality conjecture, which it locates both in metaphysics and in the philosophy of science, drawing on developments in a range of fields, from the foundations of physics to the philosophy of finance. It then seeks to excavate an alternative philosophical lineage which reconciles time-dependent laws with determinism, converging in the thought of Immanuel Kant.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-86530-6
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  • 50
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    Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319310695
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(170 illus., 85 illus. in color. eReference.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Encyclopedia of early modern philosophy and the sciences
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Science—History. ; History. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: This Encyclopedia offers a fresh, integrated and creative perspective on the formation and foundations of philosophy and science in European modernity. Combining careful contextual reconstruction with arguments from traditional philosophy, the book examines methodological dimensions, breaks down traditional oppositions such as rationalism vs. empiricism, calls attention to gender issues, to ‘insiders and outsiders’, minor figures in philosophy, and underground movements, among many other topics. In addition, and in line with important recent transformations in the fields of history of science and early modern philosophy, the volume recognizes the specificity and significance of early modern science and discusses important developments including issues of historiography (such as historical epistemology), the interplay between the material culture and modes of knowledge, expert knowledge and craft knowledge. This book stands at the crossroads of different disciplines and combines their approaches – particularly the history of science, the history of philosophy, contemporary philosophy of science, and intellectual and cultural history. It brings together over 100 philosophers, historians of science, historians of mathematics, and medicine offering a comprehensive view of early modern philosophy and the sciences. It combines and discusses recent results from two very active fields: early modern philosophy and the history of (early modern) science. Editorial Board EDITORS-IN-CHIEF Dana Jalobeanu University of Bucharest, Romania Charles T. Wolfe Ghent University, Belgium ASSOCIATE EDITORS Delphine Bellis University Nijmegen, The Netherlands Zvi Biener University of Cincinnati, OH, USA Angus Gowland University College London, UK Ruth Hagengruber University of Paderborn, Germany Hiro Hirai Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands Martin Lenz University of Groningen, The Netherlands Gideon Manning CalTech, Pasadena, CA, USA Silvia Manzo University of La Plata, Argentina Enrico Pasini University of Turin, Italy Cesare Pastorino TU Berlin, Germany Lucian Petrescu Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium Justin E. H. Smith University de Paris Diderot, France Marius Stan Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA Koen Vermeir CNRS-SPHERE + Université de Paris, France Kirsten Walsh University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-31069-5
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    Beyond Identities: Human Becomings in Weirding Worlds (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031117329
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(VIII, 199 p. 3 illus., 1 illus. in color.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Anticipation Science 7
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy of mind. ; Self. ; Technology—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Chapter 1. What I am not, and why -- Chapter 2. Identity discovered -- Chapter 3. .The Big Three: Class, Gender, Race -- Chapter 4. BeyonCd identity -- Chapter 5. Pioneers towards fluid identities -- Chapter 6. Destination identities -- Chapter 7. Weirding world -- Chapter 8. Humans as synthesizers -- Chapter 9. Humans in the Holocene Epoch -- Chapter 10. Anthropocene Epoch? -- Chapter 11. What is a dator? -- Chapter 12. Indivollectivity Now?? -- Chapter 13. Technology, values, and change -- Chapter 14. Ad Astra!. .
    Abstract: This book is an argument for moving beyond culturally/historically/ethnically/biologically-grounded identity as the necessary foundation of an authentic self. It highlights examples of people who are attempting to inhabit identities they feel are more appropriate to themselves, by deploring the damage done via claims about authentic identity. The sole theme of this book is “becoming beyond identity”. We are not fixed human beings but rather perpetually-dynamic human becomings. As intelligence is enabled or recognized beyond the merely human, we should welcome our continuing evolution from homosapiens, sapiens, into many varieties of intelligences on Earth and the cosmos.This book builds from tiny ripples into a tsunami of examples from conventional identity studies, to Confucian human becomings, to apotemnophilia, to DIY biohacking, to cyborgs, to artilects, to hiveminds, to intelligence in animals, plants and fungi from the Holocene through the beginnings of the precarious, climate change-driven Anthropocene Epoch, with hints far beyond and throughout the cosmos. From a lifetime of work in future studies, anticipation science and space studies, the author balances frank tales of his own experiences and beliefs concerning his uncertain and fluid identities with those of others who tell their stories. In addition to material from academic and popular sources, a few poems further illuminate the scene.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-11732-9
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    From Evolutionary Biology to Economics and Back : Parallels and Crossings between Economics and Evolution (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031087905
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XI, 186 p. 1 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences 28
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Evolution (Biology). ; Economics. ; Ecology . ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Chapter 1 Introduction -- Chapter 2 Preliminary reflections Analogical reasoning between economics and biology -- Chapter 3 Set of 25 keywords, Adaptation/Learning, Altruism, Chance/Uncertainty, Classification, Communication/Signalling, Competition, Constraint/Trade-off, Cooperation, Crisis, Cycles, Development/Growth, Diversity, Equilibrium, Fitness/Utility, Heredity/Transmission, Information, Market, Mutation/Innovation, Optimality, Organizational levels, Population, Resource /Investment, Selection, Strategic interactions, Time scales, Chapter 4 Concluding remarks 1. The relevance of the studied analogies according to their field origin and system characteristics -- Chapter 5 Concluding Remarks 2 Economics and evolutionary biology: An overview of their (recent) interactions.
    Abstract: This book offers a comprehensive exploration of the major key concepts common to economics and evolutionary biology. Written by a group of philosophers of science, biologists and economists, it proposes analyses of the meaning of twenty-five concepts from the viewpoint respectively of economics and of evolutionary biology –each followed by a short synthesis emphasizing major discrepancies and commonalities. This analysis is surrounded by chapters exploring the nature of the analogy that connects evolution and economics, and chapters that summarize the major teachings of the analyses of the keywords. Most scholars in biology and in economics know that their science has something in common with the other one, for instance the notions of competition and resources. Textbooks regularly acknowledge that the two fields share some history – Darwin borrowing from Malthus the insistence on scarcity of resources, and then behavioral ecologists adapting and transforming game theory into evolutionary game theory in the 1980s, while Friedman famously alluded to a Darwinian process yielding the extant firms. However, the real extent of the similarities, the reasons why they are so close, and the limits and even the nature of the analogy connecting economics and biological evolution, remain inexplicit. This book proposes basis analyses that can sustain such explication. It is intended for researchers, grad students and master students in evolutionary and in economics, as well as in philosophy of science.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-08790-5
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    Karl Popper : Professional Philosopher and Public Intellectual (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031154249
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XIII, 239 p. 57 illus., 20 illus. in color.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Springer Biographies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Political science. ; Sociology—Methodology. ; Physics—Philosophy. ; Political science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Popper revolutionizes the philosophy of science -- Popper becomes a defender of an open society -- Popper revisits his philosophy of science -- Why Popper defends indeterminism -- Popper meets his Critics -- Popper reflects on the mind and the self -- Popper turns to Evolutionary Biology -- Popper – the Public Intellectual -- Conclusion -- Bibliography.-Index.
    Abstract: Karl R. Popper is widely regarded as one of the most influential 20th century philosophers. In this new biography, Weinert provides a comprehensive and accessible account of his life and work, also addressing Popper’s role as a public intellectual. Drawing on a wide range of sources and interviews with former colleagues and collaborators, he recounts not only the wide interest from the scientific community, but also the inspiration that politicians took from Popper’s work. The book surveys the vast and varied intellectual landscape of Popper's philosophical journey during his long career: from the natural and social sciences (physics, evolution, sociology to political philosophy and the philosophy of mind. It pays significant attention to Popper’s critical method - i.e., the notion that ideas and institutions should be exposed to rigorous tests – the approach that led him to a fervent defence of objectivity, rationality and realism, against all forms of irrationalism, as well as a passionate advocacy of freedom, social justice and liberal democracy, against all forms of authoritarianism. The book brings Popper into focus as a modern Enlightenment philosopher.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-15424-9
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    Historical Epistemology and European Philosophy of Science : Rethinking Critical Rationalism and Transcendentalism (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783030963323
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XXVII, 402 p. 4 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics 62
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Pragmatism.
    Abstract: Chapter 1: The epistemological problem of scientific objectivity -- Chapter 2: Axiomatic thought and philosophy from neo-scholasticism to neo-realism -- Chapter 3: For a historical-critical epistemology. From the critique of epistemology to critical epistemology -- Chapter 4: Language and ontology between science and hermeneutics -- Chapter 5: The axiological dimensions of scientific research -- Chapter 6: The ideal models and the problem of the scientific method -- Chapter 7: Epistemology as hermeneutics of knowledge -- Chapter 8: Pragmatism and Objectivity. .
    Abstract: This book offers a comprehensive analysis on the evolution of philosophy of science, with a special emphasis on the European tradition of the twentieth century. At first, it shows how the epistemological problem of the objectivity of knowledge and axiomatic knowledge have been previously tackled by transcendentalism, critical rationalism and hermeneutics. In turn, it analyses the axiological dimension of scientific research, moving from traditional model of science and of scientific methods, to the construction of a new image of knowledge that leverages the philosophical tradition of the Milan School. Using this historical-epistemological approach, the author rethinks the Kantian Transcendental, showing how it could be better integrated in the current philosophy of science, to answer important questions such as the relationship between science and history, scientific and social perspectives and philosophy and technology, among others. Not only this book provides a comprehensive study of the evolution of European Philosophy of Science in the twentieth century, yet it offers a new, historical and epistemological-based approach, that could be used to answers many urgent questions of contemporary societies.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-96332-3
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    Ockhamism and Philosophy of Time : Semantic and Metaphysical Issues Concerning Future Contingents (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783030903596
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(IX, 171 p. 1 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 452
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Linguistics. ; Philosophy, Medieval.
    Abstract: 1. From William of Ockham to contemporary Ockhamism and back again: an overview (Alessio Santelli) -- 2. The Metaphysics of Ockhamism (Andrea Iacona) -- 3. The Metaphysics of Passage in Dynamical Reduction Models of Quantum Mechanics (Giuliano Torrengo and Cristian Mariani) -- 4. Ockham on Time (Cecilia Trifogli) -- 5. Future Contingents in a Branching Universe (Mitchell S. Green) -- 6. Ockhamistic Inspiration in Modern Tense-Logic (Peter Øhrstrøm and David Jakobsen) -- 7. Ockhamism without Molinism (Jacek Wawer) -- 8. Presentism, Ockhamism and Truth-Grounding (Fabrice Correia and Sven Rosenkranz) -- 9. A too thin true future: The problem of grounding within presentist TRL semantics (Ciro De Florio and Aldo Frigerio).
    Abstract: This book discusses fundamental topics on contemporary Ockhamism. The collected essays show how contemporary Ockhamism can impact areas of research such as semantics, metaphysics and also the philosophy of science. In addition, the volume hosts one historian of Medieval philosophy who investigates the way in which William of Ockham “in flesh and bone” construed time and, more generally, future contingency. The essays explore the different meanings of this theory. They cover three main topics, in particular. The first examines the thesis that sentences and propositions about the future have a definite truth value, without any ensuing commitment to determinism or fatalism. The second topic looks at the problem whether the branching-time model needs to countenance a privileged branch (the so-called Thin Red Line). Finally, the third topic considers the idea that there are so-called soft facts. These would be the subject matter of sentences and propositions verbally about the present or the past, but metaphysically about a later time, and which might change in the future. Overall, the book provides an updated and rigorous idea of the debate about Ockhamism. It gives readers a deeper understanding into this philosophical approach influenced by William of Ockham, characterized by the rejection of the Aristotelian idea that, in order to preserve the contingency of the future, future contingents must be deemed neither true nor false.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-90359-6
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    Philosophical Perspectives in Quantum Chemistry (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783030983734
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XVI, 247 p. 1 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 461
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Chemistry, Physical and theoretical. ; Physics—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The historical origins of quantum chemistry by Ana Simoes -- Quantum chemistry as an “in-between” discipline by Kostas Gavroglu -- Quantum chemistry from a pragmatic pluralist perspective by Hasok Chang -- The role of quantum chemistry in the relation between chemistry and physics by Hinne Hettema -- Molecular structure and quantum mechanics by Robin Hendry -- The periodic table from a quantum viewpoint by Eric Scerri -- About the ontology of quantum chemistry by Olimpia Lombardi and Juan Camilo Martínez González -- Quantum chemistry and affordances by Jean-Pierre Lorred -- The Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules from a quantum perspective by Sebastian Fortin and Jesús Jaimes Arriaga -- Atoms and molecules in quantum chemistry by Brian Sutcliffe -- Quantum chemistry and the representationalist view of models by Hernán Accorinty and Juan Camilo Martínez González.
    Abstract: This book explores the philosophy and the foundations of quantum chemistry. It features chapters written by experts in the field. The contributions analyze quantum chemistry as a discipline, in particular, its relation with both chemistry and physics from the viewpoint of realism and reduction. Coverage includes such topics as quantum chemistry as an “in-between” discipline, molecular structure and quantum mechanics, quantum chemical models, and atoms and molecules in quantum chemistry. The interest of this book is twofold. First, the contributions aim to update and refresh the discussions regarding the foundations of quantum chemistry. Second, they seek to develop new philosophical perspectives that this discipline can suggest to philosophers of science. From its origins, quantum chemistry filled a problematic position in the disciplinary space. On the one hand, it is a branch of theoretical chemistry. On the other hand, it appeals essentially to theoretical tools coming from physics. This peculiar position triggered conceptual questions about its own identity. Inside this book, readers will find updated discussions on the foundations and the philosophy of this complex discipline.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-98373-4
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    Metaphors and Analogies in Sciences and Humanities : Words and Worlds (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783030906887
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XIX, 596 p. 1 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 453
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Abstract: Preface -- Introduction -- Philosophy and Sciences. Part I. Philosophy and Foundations of Sciences. 1. Syntactically recharacterizing analogies, assessing theories of assessing analogies by Jody Azzouni -- 2. The Metaphoric Sources of Scientific Innovation by Sergio F. Martínez and Natalia Carrillo -- 3. Science, Metaphors, and Memes by Peter Ludlow -- 4. Demystifying mysteries. How metaphors and analogies extend the reach of the human mind by Maarten Boudry, Michael Vlerick and Taner Edis -- Part II. Mathematics. 5. A two-level model of embodied mathematical thinking: Body schema, body image and language by Valentina Cuccio, Mario Graziano -- 6. Synthesis and similarity in science: analogy in the application of mathematics and application of mathematics to analogy by Jordi Cat -- 7. Metaphor and its catenary curves by Alice Major -- 8. Mathematical Models and Analogical Reasoning by Mark Colyvan -- Part III. Theoretical Physics. 9. Analogies and Scientific Imaging by Otávio Bueno -- 10. Analogies and Metaphors in Physics by Dennis Dieks -- 11. Is the Brain Analogous to a Quantum Measuring Apparatus? by Paavo Pylkkänen -- Part IV. Biology/Cognitive Science. 12. “Decoding information”: The abuse of personification and machine metaphors by David Ritchie -- 13. The Metaphorical Role of the Histone Code by Gry Oftedal -- 14. Analogical and non-analogical resemblance in figurative language: a cognitive-linguistic perspective by Francisco José Ruiz de Mendoza Ibáñez -- 15. Inner and Outer: FrpAom Skepticism to Understanding by Edward Witherspoon -- Humanities. Part V. Social Sciences -- 16. From words to worlds. How metaphors and language shape mental health by Francesca Brencio -- 17. Mapping friendship and friendship research: the role of analogies and metaphors by Claus Emmeche -- 18. Words and worlds of desire: the power of metaphor in framing sexuality by Veronika Koller -- 19. The Human Condition is an Ocean: Philosophy and the Mediterranean Sea by Annika Döring and Rasmus Grønfeldt Winther -- 20. Universality and/or cultural specificity of metaphors and analogies? NATIONS as BODIES/PERSONS by Andreas Musolff -- 21. Metaphors in times of a global pandemic by Brigitte Nerlich -- 22. Fluffy metaphors of an overheated debate: Why climate change is neither communicated nor understood as an existential threat? by Bálint Forgács and Csaba Pléh -- Part VI. Arts and Aesthetics. 23. Mediterranean Sea-Creature: Maritime Metaphor in the Philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche by Annika Döring and Peregrine Horden -- 24. How to See: The Gaze in Iris Murdoch’s Moral Philosophy by Hibi Pendleton -- 25. From statics to dynamics: Intersemiotic conversion of metaphor and its consequences by Miloš Tasić & Dušan Stamenković -- 26. Form, Meaning and Intentionality: The Case of Metaphor in Music by Mihailo Antović -- 27. From Philosophy to Architecture to Philosophy: Boundary and Metaphor in Wittgenstein by Nana Last.
    Abstract: In this highly-interdisciplinary volume, we systematically study the role of metaphors and analogies in (mis)shaping our understanding of the world. Metaphors and Analogies occupy a prominent place in scientific discourses, as they do in literature, humanities and at the very level of our thinking itself. But when misused they can lead us astray, blinding our understanding inexorably. How can metaphors aid us in our understanding of the world? What role do they play in our scientific discourses and in humanities? How do they help us understand and skillfully deal with our complex socio-political scenarios? Where is the dividing line between their use and abuse? Join us as we explore some of these questions in this volume.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-90688-7
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  • 58
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    Abwehr und Anerkennung in der Klimakrise : wie über Wahrheiten, Fakten und Meinungen kommuniziert wird (2022)
    Wiesbaden : Springer VS
    Details
    ISBN: 9783658381615
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XI, 367 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 300.1
    RVK:
    MS 9000
    Keywords: Social sciences—Philosophy. ; Climatology. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: Einleitung -- Über den Ansatz, die Ideen und das Vorgehen -- I. Teil Die psychisch bedingte Abwehr. Bestandsaufnahme -- II. Teil Erklären und Verstehen. Wahrheit, Fakten, Meinungen. Wissenschaftsverständnis und Begriffe -- III. Teil Die philosophisch definierte Anerkennung. Analyse der Formen und Modalitäten der Anerkennung -- IV. Teil Vorschläge. Erkenntnisse, Einsichten, Lösungen -- Nachwort und Maximen.
    Abstract: Auf Wahrheiten, Fakten und Meinungen zur Klimafrage wird häufig öffentlich wie privat mit psychischer oder sozialer Abwehr reagiert. Gestützt auf ausgewählte psychologische und philosophische Theorien sowie Datenmaterial wird in diesem Buch gezeigt, wie Abwehr zustande kommt, wie sie wirkt und wie andererseits die notwendige Anerkennung auf verschiedenen Ebenen gelingen kann. Erst durch Anerkennung werden konstruktive Diskurse möglich. Dieses Buch bietet alle Grundlagen, um Kommunikationskonflikte zwischen Abwehr und Anerkennung in der Klimakrise theoretisch und praktisch lösen zu können. Die Autorin Dr. Barbara Strohschein ist Philosophin und Psychologin und arbeitet in der Forschung und Beratung.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-658-38161-5
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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    Book
    E. J. Lowe and ontology (2022)
    New York, NY : Routledge
    Associated volumes
    Details
    ISBN: 9781032048376 , 9781032051604
    Language: English
    Pages: pages cm
    Series Statement: Routledge studies in metaphysics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als E.J. Lowe and ontology
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als E. J. Lowe and ontology
    DDC: 110
    Keywords: Lowe, E. J ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy of mind
    Abstract: "This volume collects fifteen original essays on E.J. Lowe's work on metaphysics and ontology. The essays connect Lowe's insights with contemporary issues in metaphysics. E. J. Lowe (1950-2014) was one of the most influential analytical philosophers of the twentieth and early twenty-first century. Drawing inspiration from Aristotle's thought, E. J. Lowe treated metaphysics as an autonomous discipline concerned with the fundamental structure of reality. The chapters in this volume reflect on his path-breaking work. They deal with a wide range of metaphysical issues including four-category ontology, the causal and non-causal aspects of agency, categorial fundamentality and non-fundamentality, the existence of relations, property dualism, powers and abilities, personal identity, predication, and topological ontology. Taken together, the chapters reflect the liveliness of contemporary debates in metaphysics and the enduring impact of Lowe's thought on them. E.J. Lowe and Ontology will be of interest to researchers and advanced students working in metaphysics and philosophy of mind"--
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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    Die Wissenschaft des Subjekts (2022)
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden | Wiesbaden : Imprint: Springer VS
    Details
    ISBN: 9783658372941
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(V, 186 S.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: 1. Wissenschaft und Subjekt -- 2. Die wissenschaftliche Einstellung – Eine philosophische Spurensuche -- 3. Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft -- 4. Wissenschaft und Kritische Theorie -- 5. Die Wissenschaft des Subjekts -- 6. Literatur.
    Abstract: Mit dem Subjekt wird eine logisch nicht hintergehbare Entität benannt, die sich aus den Prämissen des Radikalen Konstruktivismus ableiten lässt. Damit ist jedoch wenig gesagt, weil ein reines Subjekt nicht mehr ist als ein Subjekt. Mit dem Fokus auf die Wissenschaft soll es daher auf die Gesellschaft bezogen werden. Die zentrale Frage ist dann, wie lässt sich eine Wissenschaft vor dem Hintergrund eines radikalen Subjektbegriffes konzipieren. Eingebettet sind diese Überlegungen in das Projekt einer Kritischen Theorie der Gesellschaft. Der Autor Dr. Raphael Beer ist Privatdozent am Institut für Soziologie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-658-37294-1
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    The asymmetric nature of time : accounting for the open future and the fixed past (2022)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031097638
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (viii, 216 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Synthese Library 468
    Series Statement: Synthese 〈Dordrecht〉 / Library
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Ontology. ; Metaphysics. ; Relativity (Physics). ; Gravitation. ; Quantum physics.
    Abstract: 1. Introduction -- 2. How is the Asymmetry between the Open Future and the Fixed Past to be characterized? -- 3. A Model for the Asymmetry -- 4. Reconciling the Asymmetry with Contemporary Physics -- 5. Conclusion -- Bibliography.
    Abstract: This open access monograph offers a detailed study and a systematic defense of a key intuition we typically have, as human beings, with respect to the nature of time: the intuition that the future is open, whereas the past is fixed. For example, whereas it seems unsettled whether there will be a fourth world war, it is settled that there was a first world war. The book contributes, in particular, three major and original insights. First, it provides a coherent, non-metaphorical, and metaphysically illuminating elucidation of the intuition. Second, it determines which model of the temporal structure of the world is most appropriate to accommodate the intuition, and settles on a specific version of the Growing Block Theory of time (GBT). Third, it puts forward a naturalistic foundation for GBT, by exploiting recent results of our best physics (viz. General Relativity, Quantum Mechanics, and Quantum Gravity). Three main challenges are addressed: the dismissal of temporal asymmetries as non-fundamental phenomena only (e.g., thermodynamic or causal phenomena), the epistemic objection against GBT, and the apparent tension between GBT and relativistic physics. It is argued that the asymmetry between the open future and the fixed past must be grounded in the temporal structure of the world, and that this is neither precluded by our epistemic device, nor by the latest approaches to Quantum Gravity ( e.g., the Causal Set Theory). Aiming at reconciling time as we find it in ordinary experience and time as physics describes it, this innovative book will raise the interest of both academic researchers and graduate students working on the philosophy of time. More generally, it presents contents of interest for all metaphysicians and non-dogmatic philosophers of physics.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-09763-8
    URL: kostenfrei
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    The Nature of the Economy : Aristotelian Essays on the Philosophy and Epistemology of Economics (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan
    Details
    ISBN: 9783031024535
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XIII, 230 p. 1 illus.)
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Economics—History. ; Philosophy. ; Economics. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy of economics ; History of economic thought ; Economic methodology ; Nature of the economy ; Ontology of Social Collectives
    Abstract: Chapter 1. Introduction : Does Economics Deal with the Economic Stuff? Or Is the Economic Stuff Explained by Economics? -- Chapter 2. Metaphysics, Ontology, and Metaphysical Theories -- Chapter 3. Metaphysical Categories -- Chapter 4. The Metaphysics and Ontology of the Economy. Chapter 5. The Identity of the Economic Agent -- Chapter 6. The Human Person as Worker -- Chapter 7. The Metaphysics of Social Collectives -- Chapter 8. On the Relation between Micro- and Macroeconomic “Entities”—A Philosophical Approach -- Chapter 9. On the Nature of Money -- Chapter 10. Economic Sciences -- Chapter 11. Conclusions.
    Abstract: This book explores the deep meaning—the nature or essence—of the economy and its fundamental components. As a monograph on the philosophy of the economy and economics, it deduces the metaphysical nature of these two, going step by step from more general to more specific realities to finally arrive at the adequate features of the economic sciences and their methods. It builds on a largely Aristotelian approach, but also draws extensively from modern scholarship in the area. Usefully and pertinently, the book covers both general aspects of the economy and particular historically specific features. Among the important topics covered in the book are the meanings of the economy, the nature and role of economic agents, the nature of the macroeconomy, the nature and role of money, and so on. The book concludes with chapters on the nature of economics itself and its methodologies. Ricardo F. Crespo is Professor of Philosophy of Economics at IAE, Universidad Austral, and Researcher at the Argentine Council of Scientific Research. He is a graduate in economics and philosophy and earned a Ph. D. in Philosophy (Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Argentina) and another in Economics (University of Amsterdam). He has extensively published articles and chapter books on his research topics. Recent publications of him include articles in Synthese, the Journal of Institutional Economics, Foundations of Science, Cambridge Journal of Economics, and the Journal of Applied Economics. His last book is The Nature and Method of Economic Sciences. Evidence, Causality, and Ends (Routledge, London, 2020). His current research interests include explanation in the social sciences, economic rationality, and ethics in economics.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-02453-5
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Cover
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    Logischer Empirismus, Lebensreform und die deutsche Jugendbewegung : Logical Empiricism, Life Reform, and the German Youth Movement (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783030848873
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(X, 356 p. 1 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Veröffentlichungen des Instituts Wiener Kreis 32
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Philosophy. ; Europe—History.
    Abstract: 1. Einleitung: Logischer Empirismus, Lebensreform und die deutsche Jugendbewegung -- 2. The Winding Road to Logical Empiricism: Philosophers of Science and the Youth Movement -- 3. Der Philosoph Friedrich Jodl (1849-1914) – Ein Vorausgänger des Wiener Kreises -- 4.Sprache Transnational: Rudolf Carnap und die Esperanto-Bewegung -- 5.Hans Reichenbach and the Freistudentenschaft: School Reform, Pedagogy, and Freedom -- 6.Youth and Politics at the End of the Great War: Rudolf Carnap’s “Politische -- Rundbriefe” of 1918 -- 7.Philosophenkrieger? – Wie Carnap & Co. den Ersten Weltkrieg sahen -- 8.Die religiösen Ursprünge des Nonkognitivismus bei Carnap -- 9.Carnap, Reichenbach, Freyer. Non-Cognitivist Ethics and Politics in the Spirit of the German Youth Movement -- 10.The Constitution of geistige Gegenstände in Carnap’s Aufbau and the Importance of Hans Freyer -- 11.Otto Neurath, Emil Lederer und der Max-Weber-Kreis -- 12.Sie diskutieren sehr gern, aber sehr dilettantisch.“ Carnaps Vorträge am Dessauer Bauhaus.-13. Michael Buckmiller Karl Korsch und der Logische Empirismus. Ambivalenzen, Kritik, Perspektiven.
    Abstract: This open-access book is the first to investigate the roots of Logical Empiricism in the context of the Life Reform and the German Youth Movements. Rudolf Carnap and Hans Reichenbach are the key protagonists; they both belonged to the German Youth Movement and developed their early philosophical views in this setting. By combining scholarly essays with unpublished and hard to access manuscripts, letters, and articles, this volume recasts our understanding of the early years of Logical Empiricism.
    Note: Open Access
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-84887-3
    URL: kostenfrei
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    The Teleological and Kalam Cosmological Arguments Revisited (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan
    Details
    ISBN: 9783030944032
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XIII, 387 p. 1 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Palgrave Frontiers in Philosophy of Religion
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Religion—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Metaphysics.
    Abstract: 1. Introducing the quest for an explanation -- 2. Causation and laws of nature -- 3. Arguments for the Causal Principle -- 4. Fine Tuning and Order of Our Universe -- 5. Arguments for a First Cause -- 6. What the First Cause is -- 7. Ultimate Design -- 8. Ultimate Designer.
    Abstract: ‘An innovative examination and defence of the cosmological and teleological arguments – accessible to the non-expert but pushing the debate into new territory with great originality and verve.’ - T. J. Mawson, Oxford University, UK ‘Andrew Loke's book provides an up-to-date assessment of the Teleological and Kalam Cosmological Arguments, including a thorough response to contemporary objections. It advances the discussion concerning the ultimate origin of the universe and makes a significant contribution to the field of philosophy of religion and the dialogue between science and religion.’ - William Lane Craig, Biola University, USA ‘This book provides an engaging guide to two important features of our universe – it seems to have had a beginning, and its ability to support life is remarkably rare – and their deeper implications. Up-to-date, wide-ranging and highly recommended.’ - Luke Barnes, Western Sydney University, Australia A prominent issue in many contemporary philosophy of religion debates concerns whether the universe has a Designer. This book moves the discussion ahead in a significant way by devising an original deductive formulation of the Teleological Argument (TA) which demonstrates that the following are the only possible categories of hypotheses concerning fine-tuning and order: (i) chance, (ii) regularity, (iii) combinations of regularity and chance, (iv) uncaused, and (v) design. This book also demonstrates that there are essential features of each category such that, while the alternatives to design are unlikely, the Design Hypothesis is not, and that one can argue for design by exclusion without having to first assign a prior probability for design. By combining the TA with the Kalam Cosmological Argument (KCA) which it defends against various objections, this book responds to the God-of-the-gaps objection by demonstrating that the conclusion of the KCA-TA is not based on gaps which can be filled by further scientific progress, but follows from deduction and exclusion. This is an open access book. Andrew Loke is Associate Professor, Department of Religion and Philosophy, Hong Kong Baptist University, China.
    Note: Open Access
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-94403-2
    URL: kostenfrei
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    AI Ethics and Governance : Black Mirror and Order (2022)
    Singapore : Springer Nature Singapore | Singapore : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789811925313
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XVIII, 172 p. 1 illus.)
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Finance, Public. ; Artificial intelligence. ; Ethics. ; Science—Philosophy. ; ethics of artificial interlligence ; technology ethics ; global order ; ethical risk ; face recognition ; big data ; cybergrid ; human-computer symbiosis
    Abstract: Preface -- Chapter 1. New problems in the Era of AI -- Chapter 2. Ethical Enlightenment in the Age of Intelligence -- Chapter 3. Digintelligence Risk Society is Around the Corner -- Chapter 4. AI Medical Treatment: Epidemic, Death and Love -- Chapter 5. “Secret” Left by Turing--Privacy Computing -- Chapter 6. AI and Robot: Darwin and Rebellious Machine -- Chapter 7. Virtual World Under AI: Augmented Reality and Deep Synthesis -- Chapter 8. Start of the “Age of Exploration” of AI governance -- Chapter 9. AI Legislation in Computational Society -- Chapter 10. New Rules and New Order in the Era of AI.
    Abstract: This book deeply analyzes the theoretical roots of the development of global artificial intelligence ethics and AI governance, the ethical issues in AI application scenarios, and the discussion of artificial intelligence governance issues from a global perspective. From the perspective of knowledge, the book includes not only the metaphysical research of traditional Western ethics, but also the interpretation of AI-related practical cases and international policies. The purpose of this book is not only to study AI ethics and governance issues academically, but to seek a path to solve problems in the real world. It is a very meaningful monograph in both academic theory and reality. This book responds to the implementation of China's digital economy governance and other topics. It is a cutting-edge academic monograph that combines industry, policy, and thought. In this book, the author not only discusses the humanities thoughts such as ethics, political economy, philosophy, and sociology, but also involves computer science, biology, and medicine and other science and engineering disciplines, effectively using interdisciplinary thinking as readers clarify how to explore ethical consensus and establish smart social governance rules in the era of artificial intelligence, so as to provide the most comprehensive and unique scientific and technological insights for smart economy participants, related practitioners in the artificial intelligence industry, and government policy makers. For academia, this is a representative book of Chinese scholars' systematic thinking on AI ethical propositions from a global perspective. For the industry, this is a book that understands the policies and ethical propositions faced by the development of AI industry. An important reference book, for policy makers, this is a monograph for understanding how policies in the AI industry make decisions that conform to AI industry practices and people's moral order.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-2531-3
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Cover
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    The Responsibility of Science (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783030915971
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(VIII, 255 p. 1 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 57
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science—Moral and ethical aspects. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Mass media—Moral and ethical aspects.
    Abstract: Preface -- Part 1. Analyses of the Responsibility of Science -- 1. Responsibility in Science: The Philosophical View (Hans Lenk) -- 2. Science as a Profession and its Responsibility (Harald A. Mieg) -- 3. Corporate Responsibility: A Principle of Responsive Adjustment (Peter A. French) -- Part 2. The Social Sciences View: Structural Conditions for Science Responsibility -- 4. Science Policy: From the Linear Model to Responsible Research and Innovation (Philip Macnaghten) -- 5. European Law: The Precautionary Principle and Science-based Innovation in Europe (Ellen Vos & Kristel de Smedt) -- 6. History of Science: Ambivalence(s) in the Research and use of Nuclear Energy (Horst Kant) -- Part 3. The Scientists' Voice on the Responsibility of Science -- 7. Between Parrhesia and Fake: Scientific Responsibility Today (Rainer E. Zimmermann) -- 8. On the Responsibility of Science for Guaranteeing Human Rights: In the Fight Against Human Degradation, Racism, and Anti-Semitism (Klaus Fuchs-Kittowski) -- 9. The Ambivalences of the Digital: Humans and Technologies Between new Options (dreams) and (un)noticeable Losses (Hartmut Graßl et al.)- Index.
    Abstract: This open acccess book provides an overview of issues of scientific responsibility. The volume comprises three types of contributions: first, analyses of the responsibility of science; second, analyses of the structural conditions for science and its responsibility; and third, normative versions of scientific responsibility. The questions and problems dealt with include science as a profession, ambivalence of research and dual-use, innovation vs. precaution, notions of responsibility, the role of science within society and its relation to human rights, as well as scientific and public discourses. The book addresses scholars in the fields of Science Studies and Research Policy.
    Note: Open Access
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-91597-1
    URL: kostenfrei
    URL: Cover
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  • 67
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    Open Science: the Very Idea (2022)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands | Dordrecht : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789402421156
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XXIII, 247 pages) , 4 b/w illustrations, 21 illustrations in colour
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy and science. ; Sociology. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Science—Social aspects.
    Abstract: Chapter 1: Science and Society – Chapter 2: Images of Science: A reality check -- Science in Transition: How science goes wrong and what to do about it -- Chapter 4: Science & Society: pragmatism by default -- Chapter 5: Science in Social Contexts -- Chapter 6: Science in Transition reduced to Practice -- chapter 7: Transition to Open Science.
    Abstract: This open access book provides a broad context for the understanding of current problems of science and of the different movements aiming to improve the societal impact of science and research. The author offers insights with regard to ideas, old and new, about science, and their historical origins in philosophy and sociology of science, which is of interest to a broad readership. The book shows that scientifically grounded knowledge is required and helpful in understanding intellectual and political positions in various discussions on the grand challenges of our time and how science makes impact on society. The book reveals why interventions that look good or even obvious, are often met with resistance and are hard to realize in practice. Based on a thorough analysis, as well as personal experiences in aids research, university administration and as a science observer, the author provides - while being totally open regarding science's limitations- a realistic narrative about how research is conducted, and how reliable ‘objective’ knowledge is produced. His idea of science, which draws heavily on American pragmatism, fits in with the global Open Science movement. It is argued that Open Science is a truly and historically unique movement in that it translates the analysis of the problems of science into major institutional actions of system change in order to improve academic culture and the impact of science, engaging all actors in the field of science and academia.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-2115-6
    URL: kostenfrei
    URL: Cover
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  • 68
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    Continental Philosophy of Technoscience (2022)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783030845704
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(VII, 245 p. 12 illus.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    Series Statement: Philosophy of Engineering and Technology 38
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy and science. ; Philosophy. ; Technology—Sociological aspects. ; Continental Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Technology—Philosophy.
    Abstract: 1 Introduction: Coming to terms with technoscience -- 2 Dialectics of Technoscience -- 3 Dialectical materialism -- 4 Psychoanalysing technoscience -- 5 Louis Althusser: science and ideology -- 6 Coming to terms with technoscience: the Heideggerian way -- 7 Pierre Teilhard de Chardin’s phenomenology of the noosphere -- 8 Philosophy of technoscience: from cis-continental to trans-continental.
    Abstract: The key objective of this volume is to allow philosophy students and early-stage researchers to become practicing philosophers in technoscientific settings. Zwart focuses on the methodological issue of how to practice continental philosophy of technoscience today. This text draws upon continental authors such as Hegel, Engels, Heidegger, Bachelard and Lacan (and their fields of dialectics, phenomenology and psychoanalysis) in developing a coherent message around the technicity of science or rather, “technoscience”. Within technoscience, the focus will be on recent developments in life sciences research, such as genomics, post-genomics, synthetic biology and global ecology. This book uniquely presents continental perspectives that tend to be underrepresented in mainstream philosophy of science, yet entail crucial insights for coming to terms with technoscience as it is evolving on a global scale today. This is an open access book.
    Note: Open Access
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-84570-4
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 69
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    Book
    Conceptualizing the world : an exploration across disciplines (2019)
    New York : Berghahn
    Details
    ISBN: 9781789200362
    Language: English
    Pages: ix, 397 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Time and the world: Interdisciplinary studies in cultural transformations volume 4
    Series Statement: Time and the world: Interdisciplinary studies in cultural transformations
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Conceptualzing the world
    DDC: 901
    RVK:
    LB 31000
    RVK:
    LB 39000
    Keywords: History Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Weltbild ; Geschichte
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 70
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    Book
    A critical introduction to fictionalism (2019)
    London ; Oxford ; New York ; New Delhi ; Sydney : Bloomsbury Academic
    Details
    ISBN: 9781472509529 , 1472509528 , 9781472512888 , 147251288X
    Language: English
    Pages: X, 265 Seiten
    Series Statement: Bloomsbury critical introductions to contemporary metaphysics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 121
    RVK:
    CC 1000
    Keywords: Funktionalismus ; Fictions, Theory of ; Metaphysics ; Reality ; Fictions, Theory of ; Metaphysics ; Reality ; Einführung ; Funktionalismus
    Abstract: "A Critical Introduction to Fictionalism provides a clear and comprehensive understanding of an important alternative to realism. Drawing on questions from ethics, the philosophy of religion, art, mathematics, logic and science, this is a complete exploration of how fictionalism contrasts with other non-realist doctrines and motivates influential fictionalist treatments across a range of philosophical issues. Defending and criticizing influential as well as emerging fictionalist approaches, this accessible overview discuses physical objects, universals, God, moral properties, numbers and other fictional entities. Where possible it draws general lessons about the conditions under which a fictionalist treatment of a class of items is plausible. Distinguishing fictionalism from other views about the existence of items, it explains the central features of this key metaphysical topic. Featuring an historical survey, definitions of key terms, characterisations of important subdivisions, objections and problems for fictionalism, and contemporary fictionalist treatments of several issues, A Critical Introduction to Fictionalism is a valuable resource for students of metaphysics as well as students of philosophical methodology. It is the only book of its kind"..
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 71
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    Die Wahrheit im Menschen : Jenseits von Dogmatismus und Skeptizismus (2019)
    Wiesbaden : Springer VS
    Details
    ISBN: 9783658140281
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (X, 326 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Social Science and Law
    Series Statement: Das Bild vom Menschen und die Ordnung der Gesellschaft
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of Man ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Epistemology.
    Abstract: Gibt es eine Wahrheit, die es verdient, als objektive Wahrheit bezeichnet zu werden? Heute wird das oft bestritten. Müssen wir uns also mit einem grenzenlosen Zweifel abfinden - ohne Hoffnung, unser Leben an der Wahrheit ausrichten zu können? Andererseits erscheint es uns oft so, dass wir die ganze Wahrheit zu besitzen glauben, und dann mit restloser Gewissheit und uneingeschränktem Anspruch meinen, über sie verfügen zu können. Wir sind im Alltag also entweder Skeptiker - oder Dogmatiker. Dieses Buch versucht, vor dem Hintergrund der Wahrheitsfrage die Lage des Menschen zu schildern: Er strebt nach Wahrheit, berührt sie bisweilen auch, kann sich ihrer aber doch nie endgültig bemächtigen. Wahrheit hat eine objektive und eine subjektive Seite. Sie gewinnt Gestalt im Menschen - als Person. Was bedeutet das für unser Leben, unsere Überzeugungen, unseren Glauben? Und was heißt das für die Politik: Fordert Demokratie die Ausklammerung der Wahrheitsfrage? Der Inhalt Von René Descartes bis Giambattista Vico • Über das Wesen der Wahrheit • Der Zweifel Bacons oder Gewissheit und Zeugnis • Die Erkenntnis als moralische Handlung • Die - menschliche - Wahrheit ist perspektivisch • Wahrheit der Sache und die Wahrheit des Begriffes • Eugenio Scalfari und Papst Franziskus Die Zielgruppen Geistes- und SozialwissenschaftlerInnen PhilosophInnen TheologInnen HistorikerInnen SoziologInnen Der Autor Rocco Buttiglione, Philosoph und Politiker, war Minister für Europäische Angelegenheiten sowie Kulturminister Italiens und ist seit 2014 Direktor des Johannes-Paul-II.-Lehrstuhls an der Lateran Universität in Rom. Der Herausgeber Christoph Böhr ist Professor für Philosophie an der Hochschule Heiligenkreuz/Wien
    Abstract: Vorwort des Herausgebers -- Vorwort an die deutschen Leser -- Einleitung: Erste Darstellung des Problems -- 1 Unsere Auseinandersetzung mit Descartes - oder: von René Descartes bis Giambattista Vico -- 2 Über das Wesen der Wahrheit -- 3 Der Zweifel Bacons - oder Gewissheit und Zeugnis -- 4 Die Erkenntnis als moralische Handlung -- 5 Die - menschliche - Wahrheit ist perspektivisch -- 6 Die Wahrheit der Sache und die Wahrheit des Begriffes -- 7 Eugenio Scalfari und Papst Franziskus -- Schluss: Die Versöhnung zwischen dem immanenten Göttlichen und dem transzendenten Göttlichen - gegen den Totalitarismus einerseits und den Nihilismus andererseits -- Nachwort: Zur Geschichte dieses Buches -- Anhang: Der Auftrag der Universität -- Christoph Böhr: Die subjektive und die objektive Dimension der Wahrheit -- Abkürzungsverzeichnis -- Bibliographie -- Personenregister -- Sachverzeichnis -- Zum Verfasser -- Zum Herausgeber
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-658-14028-1
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext
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    Reasons Why Not : On the Positive Grounds of Negative Truths (2019)
    Stuttgart : J.B. Metzler
    Details
    ISBN: 9783476051509
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (X, 253 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Series Statement: Springer eBooks
    Series Statement: J.B. Metzler Humanities
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Ontology ; Analysis (Philosophy) ; Metaphysics
    Abstract: The formulation of the positivist thesis in ground-theoretic terms -- A definition of positivity and negativity -- The positive grounds of negative predications -- The positive basis of causally effective omissions -- The positive grounds of negative existential truths
    Abstract: Many philosophers have shown sympathy to the thought that reality is fundamentally positive. Julio De Rizzo formulates this idea precisely by means of the notion of grounding, and examines how the resulting thesis fares with respect to three much discussed classes of negative truths, namely that of negative predications, that of negative causal reports, and that of negative existential truths. By shedding light on the issues advocates of the thesis have to deal with, this work shows the positivist account to be a tenable position in metaphysics. Contents The formulation of the positivist thesis in ground-theoretic terms A definition of positivity and negativity The positive grounds of negative predications The positive basis of causally effective omissions The positive grounds of negative existential truths Target Groups Scholars and Students in metaphysics, philosophy of logic and the philosophy of language Practicioners in metaphysics, philosophy of logic and philosophy of language The Author Julio De Rizzo holds a PhD in theoretical philosophy from the University of Hamburg, Germany and currently teaches at the Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Brazil. He studied philosophy at the Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo and the University of São Paulo, Brazil. His research interests focus on analytic metaphysics and the philosophy of logic
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-476-05150-9
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Inhaltstext
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    Grete Henry-Hermann: Philosophie – Mathematik – Quantenmechanik : Texte zur Naturphilosophie und Erkenntnistheorie, mathematisch-physikalische Beiträge sowie ausgewählte Korrespondenz aus den Jahren 1925 bis 1982 (2019)
    Wiesbaden : Springer VS
    Details
    ISBN: 9783658162412
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XV, 663 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Frauen in Philosophie und Wissenschaft. Women Philosophers and Scientists
    Series Statement: Springer eBooks
    Series Statement: Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Grete Henry-Hermann: Philosophie-Mathematik-Quantenmechanik
    Keywords: Quantum theory ; Philosophy of Nature ; Philosophy of nature ; Metaphysics ; Physics. ; Quantum physics. ; Briefsammlung 1925-1982 ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Henry-Hermann, Grete 1901-1984
    Abstract: Grete Henry-Hermanns Beitrag zur Interpretation Quantenmechanik -- Grete Henry-Hermanns Arbeiten zum Verhältnis von moderner Physik und Transzendentalphilosophie -- Die Dissertation von Grete Hermann: Die Frage der endlich vielen Schritte in der Theorie der Polynomideale (1925) -- Erörterungen zur Frage der Willensfreiheit und zur Bedeutung der Verhaltensforschung für die Kritik der Vernunft -- Auszüge aus dem Briefwechsel aus den Jahren 1925 bis 1982
    Abstract: Die vorliegende Veröffentlichung stellt eine Würdigung der Naturphilosophie und Erkenntnistheorie der Philosophin Grete Henry-Hermann dar. Die Schülerin der Mathematikerin Emmy Noether und des Philosophen Leonard Nelson gehört zu den frühen Interpret(inn)en der Quantenmechanik. Werner Heisenberg setzte ihr in seinem Buch „Der Teil und das Ganze“ ein Denkmal. Erstmals sind in einem Band ihre naturphilosophischen und erkenntnistheoretischen Schriften zusammengefasst. Eine umfangreiche Einleitung verschiedener Autoren führt in das Werk von Grete Henry-Hermann ein. Ergänzt wird diese Ausgabe durch Auszüge aus der Korrespondenz über naturphilosophische und erkenntnistheoretische Themen, darunter auch ein Briefwechsel mit Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker, Werner Heisenberg und Gustav Heckmann. Der Inhalt Grete Henry-Hermanns Beitrag zur Interpretation Quantenmechanik ● Grete Henry-Hermanns Arbeiten zum Verhältnis von moderner Physik und Transzendentalphilosophie ● Die Dissertation von Grete Hermann: Die Frage der endlich vielen Schritte in der Theorie der Polynomideale (1925) ● Erörterungen zur Frage der Willensfreiheit und zur Bedeutung der Verhaltensforschung für die Kritik der Vernunft ● Auszüge aus dem Briefwechsel aus den Jahren 1925 bis 1982 Der Herausgeber Prof. Dr. phil. Dipl.-Phys. Kay Herrmann ist Außerplanmäßiger Professor an der Technischen Universität Chemnitz. Er lehrt dort Wissenschaftstheorie
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-658-16241-2
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Cover
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    Dewey's metaphysics (2019)
    New York : Fordham University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 0823285138 , 9780823285136
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Edition: First open access edition
    DDC: 110/.92
    Keywords: Dewey, John ; Metaphysics History 20th century ; Metaphysics ; Dewey, John ; History
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 215-223) and index
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 75
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    Die Wissenschaftlichkeit der Theologie (Band 3) : Theologie und Metaphysik (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Aschendorff Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783402124055 , 9783402119204
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (442 p.)
    Series Statement: Studien zur systematischen Theologie, Ethik und Philosophie
    Keywords: Christianity ; Theology ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy
    Abstract: Die Frage nach der Wissenschaftlichkeit der Theologie entzündet sich aus systematisch-theologischer Perspektive ganz speziell an einer Frage: In welchem Verhältnis stehen Theologie und Metaphysik zu einander? Je nachdem wie „Theologie“ und „Metaphysik“ definiert werden, entstehen unterschiedliche Selbstverständnisse der Theologie als Wissenschaft. Dabei geht es in der Diskussion vor allem darum, inwieweit die Theologie überhaupt zu einer metaphysischen Rechtfertigung ihrer ontologischen und epistemologischen Implikationen verpflichtet und inwieweit sie in der Lage ist, diese wissenschaftstheoretischen Verpflichtungen vor dem Forum der Vernunft einzulösen. Aus der Verhältnisbestimmung zwischen Theologie und Metaphysik stellt sich daher nicht zuletzt die Frage nach der Relation zwischen Philosophie und Theologie sowie zwischen Glaube und Vernunft, die in den gesammelten Positionen unterschiedlich beantwortet wird. Mit Beiträgen von Georg Gasser, Volker Gerhardt, Christian Hengstermann, Theo Kobusch, Markus Knapp, Thomas Marschler, Uwe Meixner, Klaus Müller, Christian Pelz, Peter Rohs, Thomas Schärtl-Trendel, Christina Schneider, Ruben Schneider, Holm Tetens und Johannes Stoffers SJ sind Ansätze gesammelt worden, die aus unterschiedlichen systematischen, historischen, philosophischen oder theologischen Perspektiven der Thematik nachgehen
    Note: German
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    Book
    Kant's transition project and late philosophy : connecting the Opus postumum and Metaphysics of morals (2018)
    London : Bloomsbury Academic
    Details
    ISBN: 9781350050303
    Language: English
    Pages: xviii, 258 Seiten , 24 cm
    Parallel Title: Online version Thorndike, Oliver, 1973- author Kant's transition project and late philosophy
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Thorndike, Oliver, 1973 - Kant's transition project and late philosophy
    DDC: 193
    RVK:
    CF 5017
    Keywords: Kant, Immanuel ; Kant, Immanuel ; Kant, Immanuel 1724-1804 ; Kant, Immanuel 1724-1804 ; Kant, Immanuel ; Metaphysics ; Quantum theory Philosophy ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Quantum theory Philosophy ; Ethics ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Quantum theory ; Kant, Immanuel 1724-1804 Opus postumum ; Kant, Immanuel 1724-1804 Die Metaphysik der Sitten ; Praktische Philosophie ; Kant, Immanuel 1724-1804 Opus postumum ; Kant, Immanuel 1724-1804 Die Metaphysik der Sitten ; Praktische Philosophie
    Note: Literaturangaben: Seite 243-254 und Index
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 77
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    Die Gegenwart anders denken : Zeit, Raum und Logik nach dem Ende der Philosophie (2018)
    Stuttgart : J.B. Metzler
    Details
    ISBN: 9783476048202
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 724 S. 1 Abb, online resource)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. J.B. Metzler Humanities
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Romero Contreras, Arturo Die Gegenwart anders denken
    Parallel Title: Printed edition
    RVK:
    CC 1100
    Keywords: Metaphysics ; Poststructuralism ; Logic ; Poststructuralism ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; Wirklichkeit ; Dekonstruktion ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Phänomenologie
    Abstract: In diesem Buch befasst sich Arturo Romero Contreras mit der Frage, wie Philosophie nach ihrem proklamierten Ende möglich ist. Dabei geht der Autor im ersten Teil von der Phänomenologie Husserls und ihrer Rezeption bei Fink, Heidegger und Derrida aus und stellt sich die Aufgabe, Kontext und Begründung der Behauptung, die Philosophie habe ihr Ende erreicht, ans Licht zu bringen. Im zweiten Teil wird gezeigt, dass die Vertreter des Endes der Philosophie in der Tat auf eine andere „Logik“ und „Mathematik“ hinweisen. Die Paradoxie ist ein logischer Begriff, der nur unter gewissen Bedingungen sinnvoll ist. Was sind aber die philosophischen Folgen und der daraus resultierende Denkraum, wenn man neue mathematische Gedanken und nicht-klassische Logiken akzeptiert? Der Inhalt Die These des Endes der Philosophie: historisch-philosophische Darstellung Das Ende der Philosophie und die Phänomenologie Die Selbstkritik der Phänomenologie Die Dekonstruktion zur (Ohn)macht Phänomenologie, Dekonstruktion und Psychoanalyse am Leitfaden der Logik und der Mathematik Topologie und Logik außerhalb des Denkens des Endes Die Zielgruppen Dozierende und Studierende der Philosophie, der Kulturwissenschaft und der Mathematik Philosophen und Philosophinnen, Kulturwissenschaftler und -wissenschaftlerinnen, Mathematiker und Mathematikerinnen, Logiker und Logikerinnen, Exakt-Wissenschaftler und Exakt-Wissenschaftlerinnen Der Autor Arturo Romero Contreras ist Professor und Forscher im Fach Philosophie an der öffentlichen Universität BUAP in Mexiko
    Abstract: Die These des Endes der Philosophie: historisch-philosophische Darstellung -- Das Ende der Philosophie und die Phänomenologie -- Die Selbstkritik der Phänomenologie -- Die Dekonstruktion zur (Ohn)macht -- Phänomenologie, Dekonstruktion und Psychoanalyse am Leitfaden der Logik und der Mathematik -- Topologie und Logik außerhalb des Denkens des Endes
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-476-04820-2
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Cover
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    Conceptualizing the World : An Exploration across Disciplines (2018)
    New York ; Oxford : Berghahn Books
    Details
    ISBN: 9781789200379
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (408 p.)
    Series Statement: Time and the World: Interdisciplinary Studies in Cultural Transformations 4
    RVK:
    LB 31000
    RVK:
    LB 31000
    Keywords: First philosophy ; History / Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; HISTORY / Social History
    Abstract: What is—and what was—"the world"? Though often treated as interchangeable with the ongoing and inexorable progress of globalization, concepts of "world," "globe," or "earth" instead suggest something limited and absolute. This innovative and interdisciplinary volume concerns itself with this central paradox: that the complex, heterogeneous, and purportedly transhistorical dynamics of globalization have given rise to the idea and reality of a finite—and thus vulnerable—world. Through studies of illuminating historical moments that range from antiquity to the era of Google Earth, each contribution helps to trace the emergence of the world in multitudinous representations, practices, and human experiences
    DOI: 10.1515/9781789200379
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1515/9781789200379?locatt=mode:legacy
    URL: https://www.degruyter.com/isbn/9781789200379
    URL: Cover
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 79
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ontological Terror : Blackness, Nihilism and Emancipation (2018)
    Durham : Duke University Press | The Hague : OAPEN FOUNDATION
    Details
    ISBN: 9780822371847 , 9780822370727
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (233 p.)
    DDC: 305.8
    Keywords: Social & cultural anthropology, ethnography ; awareness ; philosophy ; ontology ; race ; race identity ; racism ; political aspects ; nihilism ; blacks ; Free Negro ; Humanism ; Martin Heidegger ; Metaphysics ; Negro
    Abstract: In Ontological Terror Calvin L. Warren intervenes in Afro-pessimism, Heideggerian metaphysics, and black humanist philosophy by positing that the "Negro question" is intimately imbricated with questions of Being. Warren uses the figure of the antebellum free black as a philosophical paradigm for thinking through the tensions between blackness and Being. He illustrates how blacks embody a metaphysical nothing. This nothingness serves as a destabilizing presence and force as well as that which whiteness defines itself against. Thus, the function of blackness as giving form to nothing presents a terrifying problem for whites: they need blacks to affirm their existence, even as they despise the nothingness they represent. By pointing out how all humanism is based on investing blackness with nonbeing—a logic which reproduces antiblack violence and precludes any realization of equality, justice, and recognition for blacks—Warren urges the removal of the human from its metaphysical pedestal and the exploration of ways of existing that are not predicated on a grounding in being.
    URL: kostenfrei
    URL: OAPEN Library: download the publication
    URL: OAPEN Library: description of the publication
    URL: kostenfrei
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 80
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Methodological Investigations in Agent-Based Modelling : With Applications for the Social Sciences (2018)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319724089
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIII, 235 p. 18 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Methodos Series, Methodological Prospects in the Social Sciences 13
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Social Sciences
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Printed edition
    Keywords: Science Philosophy ; Social sciences ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Social Sciences ; Philosophy and science ; Philosophy and social sciences ; Computer simulation ; Demography ; Population. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Abstract: This open access book examines the methodological complications of using complexity science concepts within the social science domain. The opening chapters take the reader on a tour through the development of simulation methodologies in the fields of artificial life and population biology, then demonstrates the growing popularity and relevance of these methods in the social sciences. Following an in-depth analysis of the potential impact of these methods on social science and social theory, the text provides substantive examples of the application of agent-based models in the field of demography. This work offers a unique combination of applied simulation work and substantive, in-depth philosophical analysis, and as such has potential appeal for specialist social scientists, complex systems scientists, and philosophers of science interested in the methodology of simulation and the practice of interdisciplinary computing research
    Abstract: Part I Agent-Based Models: 1 Introduction -- 2 Simulation and Artificial Life -- 3 Making the Artificial Real -- 4 Modelling in Population Biology -- Part II Modelling Social Systems: 5 Modelling for the Social Sciences -- 6 Analysis: Frameworks and Theories -- 7 Schelling: A Success for Simplicity -- 8 Conclusions Part III Case Study: Simulation in Demography -- 9 Modelling in Demography: From Statistics to Simulations -- 10 Model-Based Demography in Practice: I -- 11 Model-Based Demography in Practice: II -- 12 Conclusions.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72408-9
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: 46
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  • 81
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    Online Resource
    The Iranian metaphysicals : explorations in science, Islam, and the uncanny (2018)
    Princeton : Princeton University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781400889785
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 295 Seiten)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Doostdar, Alireza The Iranian metaphysicals
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Harvard University
    RVK:
    BE 8640
    RVK:
    LC 33365
    RVK:
    LB 46365
    Keywords: Uncanny, The (Psychoanalysis) ; Uncanny, The (Psychoanalysis) ; Islam and science ; Metaphysics ; Mysticism Islam ; Uncanny, The (Psychoanalysis) ; Islam and science ; Metaphysics ; Mysticism Islam ; Islamic occultism ; Islam and science. ; Metaphysics. ; Mysticism. ; Uncanny, The (Psychoanalysis). ; RELIGION / Religion, Politics & State ; Hochschulschrift ; Iran ; Okkultismus ; Islam ; Iran ; Okkultismus ; Islam
    Abstract: What do the occult sciences, séances with the souls of the dead, and appeals to saintly powers have to do with rationality? Since the late nineteenth century, modernizing intellectuals, religious leaders, and statesmen in Iran have attempted to curtail many such practices as "superstitious," instead encouraging the development of rational religious sensibilities and dispositions. However, far from diminishing the diverse methods through which Iranians engage with the immaterial realm, these rationalizing processes have multiplied the possibilities for metaphysical experimentation. The Iranian Metaphysicals examines these experiments and their transformations over the past century. Drawing on years of ethnographic and archival research, Alireza Doostdar shows that metaphysical experimentation lies at the center of some of the most influential intellectual and religious movements in modern Iran. These forms of exploration have not only produced a plurality of rational orientations toward metaphysical phenomena but have also fundamentally shaped what is understood as orthodox Shi‘i Islam, including the forms of Islamic rationality at the heart of projects for building and sustaining an Islamic Republic. Delving into frequently neglected aspects of Iranian spirituality, politics, and intellectual inquiry, The Iranian Metaphysicals challenges widely held assumptions about Islam, rationality, and the relationship between science and religion.
    Description / Table of Contents: Frontmatter -- -- Contents -- -- Note on Transliteration -- -- Acknowledgments -- -- Introduction -- -- Part 1. RAMMAL -- -- Crossing the Line -- -- Popular Nonsense -- -- Legal Censure -- -- Do Jinn Exist? -- -- Virtuous Caution -- -- A Scholar-Rammal -- -- The Hesitant Officer -- -- Metaphysical Pleasures -- -- The Fantastic -- -- Rammali Refashioned -- -- Suppress, accommodate, sublimate -- -- PART 2. SCIENTIST -- -- Quantum Understanding -- -- Empirical Spirits -- -- Scientific Virtues -- -- Wings of Imagination -- -- Cosmic Mystics -- -- Specters of Doubt -- -- Becoming Witness -- -- Authority in Experience -- -- Experiments in Synthesis -- -- PART 3. FRIEND OF GOD -- -- A Protector Lost -- -- Whips for the Wayfarers -- -- Discretion and Publicity -- -- The Politics of Veneration -- -- Metaphysics of Vision -- -- Technospiritual Reflexivity -- -- Hagiographies Unbound -- -- Conclusion -- -- Note on the Cover Image -- -- Notes -- -- References -- -- Index
    Note: Mode of access: Internet via World Wide Web. , In English
    DOI: 10.23943/9781400889785
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Cover
    URL: Cover  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 82
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    Book
    The Iranian metaphysicals : explorations in science, Islam, and the uncanny (2018)
    Princeton : Princeton University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780691163789 , 9780691163772 , 0691163774 , 0691163782
    Language: English
    Pages: xiv, 295 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Modern, John Lardas, 1971 - Raw Power and the Occult 2020
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Doostdar, Alireza The Iranian metaphysicals
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Harvard University
    DDC: 130.955
    RVK:
    BE 8640
    RVK:
    LB 46365
    RVK:
    LC 33365
    Keywords: Islamic occultism ; Metaphysics ; Uncanny, The (Psychoanalysis) ; Mysticism Islam ; Islam and science ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Iran ; Okkultismus ; Islam
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 265-286 , Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 83
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    Book
    Secularization : an essay in normative metaphysics (2017)
    Cham, Switzerland : palgrave macmillan
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319638706 , 9783319876603
    Language: English
    Pages: vi, 223 Seiten
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 301.01
    RVK:
    BE 9020
    Keywords: Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Religion / Philosophy ; Ethics ; Social sciences / Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Social Philosophy ; Philosophy of Religion ; Moral Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Säkularisierung ; Säkularismus ; Säkularisierung ; Säkularismus
    URL: Inhaltstext
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 84
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    Book
    Immediacy and meaning : J.K. Huysmans and the immemorial origin of metaphysics (2017)
    New York : Bloomsbury Academic, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Inc
    Details
    ISBN: 9781501329111
    Language: English
    Pages: xxv, 297 Seiten , Illustrationen , 24 cm
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Smith Gilson, Caitlin, author Immediacy & meaning
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Smith Gilson, Caitlin Immediacy and meaning
    DDC: 110
    RVK:
    IG 6605
    Keywords: Huysmans, J.-K ; Metaphysics ; Knowledge, Theory of ; Ontology
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seiten 281-295
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  • 85
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    Book
    Comparative metaphysics : ontology after anthropology (2017)
    London ; Lanham, Maryland : Rowman & Littlefield International, Ltd.
    Details
    ISBN: 9781783488575 , 1783488573 , 9781783488582 , 1783488581
    Language: English
    Pages: vi, 357 Seiten , 23 cm
    Series Statement: Reinventing critical theory
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Comparative metaphysics
    DDC: 128
    RVK:
    LB 29000
    RVK:
    LB 30000
    Keywords: Metaphysik ; Ontologie ; Anthropologie ; Ontology ; Metaphysics ; Knowledge, Theory of ; Anthropology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift 2013 ; Konferenzschrift 2013 ; Anthropologie ; Ontologie ; Metaphysik
    Abstract: How does the ontological turn in anthropology redefine what modern, Western ontology is in practice, and offer the beginnings of a new ontological pluralism? On a planet that is increasingly becoming a single, metaphysically homogeneous world, anthropology remains one of the few disciplines that recognizes that being has been thought with very different concepts and can still be rendered in terms quite different than those placed on it today. Yet despite its critical acuity, even the most philosophically oriented anthropology often remains segregated from philosophical discussions aimed at rethinking such terms. What would come of an anthropology more fully committed to being a source of (post-) philosophical concepts? What would happen to philosophy if it began to think with and through these concepts? How, finally, does comparison condition these two projects ? This book addresses these questions from a variety of perspectives, all of which nonetheless hold in common the view that "philosophy" has been displaced and altered by the modes of thought of other collectives. An international group of authors, including Eduardo Viveiros de Castro, Marilyn Strathern, Philippe Descola, and Bruno Latour, explore how the new anthropology/philosophy conjuncture opens new horizons of critique
    Description / Table of Contents: Comparison, symmetry, pluralism -- Conceptual alteration: theory and method -- Life and agency outside nature -- Cosmopolitics and alterity
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 86
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Secularization : An Essay in Normative Metaphysics (2017)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319638713
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VI, 223 p)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 301.01
    Keywords: Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Religion Philosophy ; Ethics ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Metaphysik ; Säkularisierung ; Säkularisierung ; Metaphysik
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-63871-3
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63871-3
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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    URL: Cover
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  • 87
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    Handbuch Metaphysik (2017)
    Stuttgart : J.B. Metzler
    Details
    ISBN: 9783476053657
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 449 S, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Handbuch Metaphysik
    RVK:
    CC 5900
    Keywords: Metaphysics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Metaphysik
    Abstract: Metaphysik als die zentrale Disziplin der Philosophie befasst sich mit den grundsätzlichen Fragen nach dem Sein, dem Wesen der Dinge in der Welt und ihren Relationen zueinander. Ihre Einsichten bilden die Grundlage für zahlreiche andere, nicht nur philosophische Disziplinen. Das Handbuch umfasst ausgehend von der Frage, was es überhaupt gibt, sämtliche Teilbereiche der Metaphysik, vom Problem der Existenz über Raum und Zeit, Wissenschaftsmetaphysik, Logik und Semantik bis hin zur Frage nach dem Status der Metaphysik selbst. Es enthält zudem einen ausführlichen Überblick über die Geschichte und die Methoden metaphysischen Denkens
    Abstract: I. Einleitung: Was ist Metaphysik? -- II. Geschichte der Metaphysik: Wichtige Positionen und Themen -- III. Was gibt es? -- A. Eigenschaften -- B. Gegenstände -- C. Komplexe Entitäten -- D. Personen -- E. Götter -- IV. Was heißt es zu sein? -- V. Wie hängt alles zusammen und wo ist es verortet? -- A. Zeit und Raum -- B. Die Struktur der Welt -- C. Wissenschaftsmetaphysik -- VI. Philosophische Logik und Semantik -- A. Wahrheit -- B. Bedeutung und Referenz -- C. Modalität -- VII. Methoden und Kritik der Metaphysik
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-476-05365-7
    URL: Volltext
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    URL: Cover
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  • 88
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    Book
    Rethinking faith : Heidegger between Nietzsche and Wittgenstein (2017)
    New York : Bloomsbury Academic, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing, Inc
    Associated volumes
    Details
    ISBN: 9781501321221
    Language: English
    Pages: x, 209 Seiten
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Acharya, Vinod, 1978 - Beyond onto-theology and metaphysics 2020
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in [Rethinking faith], in: Nietzsche-Studien 49 (2020), Seite 329-345
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Radical Experiences: Faith and Reason in Nietzsche, Heidegger and Wittgenstein (Veranstaltung : 2013 : Nimwegen) Rethinking faith
    RVK:
    CI 2617
    RVK:
    CG 5917
    RVK:
    CI 5017
    Keywords: Heidegger, Martin ; Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm ; Wittgenstein, Ludwig ; Nietzsche, Friedrich ; Heidegger, Martin ; Wittgenstein, Ludwig ; Faith ; Religion ; Metaphysics ; Werkanalyse ; Konferenzschrift ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Heidegger, Martin 1889-1976 ; Nietzsche, Friedrich 1844-1900 ; Wittgenstein, Ludwig 1889-1951 ; Religion ; Glaube
    Note: Literaturangaben
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  • 89
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    Online Resource
    Metaphysical Content of Igbo Folktales (2016)
    Saarbrücken : LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9783659893643 , 3659893641
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 1. Auflage
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Electronic book text ; content ; folktales ; Igbo ; Metaphysics ; (VLB-WN)1753: Ethnologie/Volkskunde
    Note: Lizenzpflichtig. - Vom Verlag als Druckwerk on demand und/oder als E-Book angeboten
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-201606224826
    URL: http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-201606224826
    URL: http://d-nb.info/1104259923/34
    URL: https://www.lap-publishing.com
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    DNB
  • 90
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    Book
    A critical introduction to the metaphysics of time (2016)
    London : Bloomsbury Academic
    Details
    ISBN: 9781472566850 , 9781472566867
    Language: English
    Pages: x, 242 Seiten
    Series Statement: Bloomsbury critical introductions to contemporary metaphysics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Curtis, Benjamin L. A critical introduction to the metaphysics of time
    DDC: 115
    RVK:
    CC 6000
    RVK:
    CC 6320
    Keywords: Time ; Metaphysics ; Einführung ; Zeit ; Metaphysik ; Zeit ; Metaphysik
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seiten 221-236
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  • 91
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    Book
    The mutual cultivation of self and things : a contemporary Chinese philosophy of the meaning of being (2016)
    Bloomington : Indiana University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780253021076 , 9780253021113 , 9780253021199
    Language: English
    Pages: xvi, 304 Seiten
    Series Statement: World philosophies
    DDC: 111
    RVK:
    CI 9130
    Keywords: Ontology ; Metaphysics ; China ; Philosophie ; Metaphysik
    Abstract: "Yang Guorong is one of the most prominent Chinese philosophers working today and is best known for using the full range of Chinese philosophical resources in connection with the thought of Kant, Hegel, Marx, and Heidegger. In The Mutual Cultivation of Self and Things, Yang grapples with the philosophical problem of how the complexly interwoven nature of things and being relates to human nature, values, affairs, and facts, and ultimately creates a world of meaning. Yang outlines how humans might live more fully integrated lives on philosophical, religious, cultural, aesthetic, and material planes. This first English translation introduces current, influential work from China to readers worldwide."--Page [4] of cover
    Description / Table of Contents: Meaning in the context of accomplishing oneself and accomplishing things -- Human capacities and a world of meaning -- Systems of norms and the genesis of meaning -- Meaning in the world of spirit -- Meaning and reality -- Meaning and the individual -- Accomplishing oneself and accomplishing things: value in a world of meaning.
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 293-299
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  • 92
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    Book
    Epistemology and metaphysics for qualitative research (2016)
    Los Angeles : SAGE
    Details
    ISBN: 9781446282380 , 9781446282397
    Language: English
    Pages: viii, 236 Seiten , Illustrationen
    DDC: 001.4/2
    RVK:
    MR 2400
    RVK:
    MR 3100
    RVK:
    MR 1050
    Keywords: Qualitative research ; Knowledge, Theory of ; Metaphysics ; Empirische Sozialforschung ; Erkenntnistheorie
    Abstract: Part I: Qualitative Inquiry and Philosophy -- Introduction: Situating Metaphysics and Epistemology in Qualitative Research -- Part II: Key Epistemological and Metaphysical Problems -- In Search of Truths: Epiricism Versus Rationalism -- Scepticism, Idea-ism, and Idealism -- German Idealism, Phenomenology, and Hermeneutics -- Realism, its Varieties and Contenders -- Part III: Intangible Realities -- Social Ontology -- Quantum Reality: Contemporary Views of the Things-in-Themselves -- Part IV: Philosophy in Qulitative Research -- Conclusions: On Academic Creativity and Philosophical and Methodological Freedom
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  • 93
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    Der Begriff des Nichtseienden bei Plotin (2016)
    Wiesbaden : Springer VS
    Details
    ISBN: 9783658137915
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 370 S. 3 Abb, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy ; Philosophy, Ancient ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy, Ancient ; Metaphysics ; Hochschulschrift
    Abstract: Das Sinnliche und das Geistige -- Eins und Zwei -- Substrat und Erscheinungen -- Leben als Philosoph.
    Abstract: Sui Han geht von der Mehrdeutigkeit des Begriffs des Nichtseienden – die der von Aristoteles in einer berühmten Formulierung festgestellten Mehrdeutigkeit des Seienden teilweise, aber nicht völlig analog ist – und der „Aussageverflechtung von Sein und Nichtsein“ aus. Sie legt dar, dass bei Plotin mit Blick auf sämtliche Seinsebenen vom Einen-Guten bis hinab zur Materie in jeweils unterschiedlichem Sinn sowohl von deren Sein als auch von deren Nichtsein gesprochen werden kann. Diesem unterschiedlichen Sinn jeweils auf die Spur zu kommen, ist das eigentliche Anliegen der Autorin. Der Inhalt • Das Sinnliche und das Geistige • Eins und Zwei • Substrat und Erscheinungen • Leben als Philosoph Die Zielgruppen • Dozierende und Studierende der griechischen Philosophie und Philologie Die Autorin Dr. Sui Han promovierte an der Universität Würzburg, war Studentin an Ecole Normale Supérieure de Paris, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes und Peking Universität. Sie befasst sich derzeit mit einem Forschungsplan zu „Plotins Idealismus und Yogācāra-Vijñānavāda“.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-658-13791-5
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 94
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    Tun und Können : Ein systematischer Kommentar zu Aristoteles' Theorie der Vermögen im neunten Buch der Metaphysik (2016)
    Wiesbaden : Springer VS
    Details
    ISBN: 9783658102869
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 338 S, online resource)
    Edition: 2. Aufl. 2016
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Jansen, Ludger, 1969 - Tun und Können
    RVK:
    CD 2065
    Keywords: Philosophy ; Philosophy, Ancient ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Metaphysics ; Aristoteles 9 v384-v322 Metaphysica ; Dynamis
    Abstract: Vorwort -- 1. Können, Tun und Möglichkeit. Eine Einführung -- 2. Die kausale Dimension von Vermögen (V 12, IX 1) -- 3. Die ontologische Dimension von Vermögen (IX 6) -- 4. Megariker, Konsistenz und Vermögen: Eine notwendige Bedingung für Vermögen (IX 3-4) -- 5. Hindernisse und Verwirklichung (IX 5, 7) -- 6. Prioritätsfragen (IX 8-9) -- 7. Zusammenfassung und Ausblick -- Anhang -- Nachwort zur zweiten Auflage.
    Abstract: Tun und Können Tun und Können erläutert und diskutiert den Gründungstext der Modalontologie: das neunte Buch der Metaphysik des Aristoteles. Aristoteles’ Thesen und Argumente werden zum ersten Mal in Gänze mit formalen analytischen Mitteln rekonstruiert und auf ihre Kohärenz und Gültigkeit geprüft. Erstmals verwendet der Autor dazu eine adverbiale Analyse von Ausdrücken des Könnens und des Vermögens als Prädikatmodifikatoren. Das Buch zeigt, dass Aristoteles’ Theorie der Vermögen nicht nur eine konsistente, sondern auch eine leistungsfähige Analyse von Dispositionen und Dispositionsprädikaten bietet. Die Neuausgabe wurde vollständig durchgesehen und um weiterführende Anhänge ergänzt. Der Inhalt Können, Tun und Möglichkeit. Eine Einführung • Die kausale Dimension von Vermögen • Die ontologische Dimension von Vermögen• Eine notwendige Bedingung für Vermögen • Hindernisse und Verwirklichung • Prioritätsfragen • Aristotle’s Theory of Dispositions • Das Problem des Neuen • Planners, Deciders, Performers Zielgruppen Philosophen, Altphilologen, Ideenhistoriker Der Autor PD Dr. Ludger Jansen lehrt Philosophie an den Universitäten Münster und Rostock.
    Description / Table of Contents: Vorwort1. Können, Tun und Möglichkeit. Eine Einführung -- 2. Die kausale Dimension von Vermögen (V 12, IX 1) -- 3. Die ontologische Dimension von Vermögen (IX 6) -- 4. Megariker, Konsistenz und Vermögen: Eine notwendige Bedingung für Vermögen (IX 3-4) -- 5. Hindernisse und Verwirklichung (IX 5, 7) -- 6. Prioritätsfragen (IX 8-9) -- 7. Zusammenfassung und Ausblick -- Anhang -- Nachwort zur zweiten Auflage.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-658-10286-9
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 95
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    Die Gründung des Willensbegriffs : Die Klärung des Willens als rationales Strebevermögen in einer Kritik an Schopenhauer und die Ergründung des Willens in einer Auseinandersetzung mit Aristoteles (2016)
    Wiesbaden : Springer VS
    Details
    ISBN: 9783658110048
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 185 S, online resource)
    Edition: 1. Aufl. 2016
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Uniform Title: Eine erkenntnistheoretische Kritik von Schopenhauers Willensmetaphysik und ihre ethischen Konsequenzen nach Aristoteles
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Carus, David Galbraith Die Gründung des Willensbegriffs
    RVK:
    CC 7220
    Keywords: Philosophy, Ancient ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Modern philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy, Ancient ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Modern philosophy ; Schopenhauer, Arthur 1788-1860 ; Wille ; Aristoteles v384-v322 ; Wille
    Abstract: Schopenhauers Willensvorstellung -- Der Wille bei Aristoteles und die intellektuelle Tugend der Klugheit -- Dritter Hauptteil - Die Ethik ist keine Moralität: Die negativen Konsequenzen der aristotelischen Willenskonzeption für die Erfassung und Beurteilung des Handlungsprinzips.
    Abstract: Mit diesem Werk wird zum ersten Mal der Willensbegriff gegründet, indem der intellektuelle Wille im Unterschied und in Erweiterung von einem rein vorstellenden rationalen Willen deutlich erfasst wird. Es wird im Verhältnis zu den anderen Strebevermögen gezeigt, dass der intellektuelle Wille das Strebevermögen des Menschen vervollkommnet und somit das Gute der Praxis im erkennenden Subjekt liegt. Im ersten Teil wird der Wille als Strebevermögen bei Arthur Schopenhauer analysiert, um in einer Kritik aufzuweisen, dass der Wille ein rationales Strebevermögen ist. Im nächsten Schritt wird der rationale und gute Wille bei Aristoteles in seiner Bedingtheit durch die intellektuelle Tugend der Klugheit aufgezeigt und nachgewiesen, dass der intellektuelle Wille in Abgrenzung von einem vorstellenden rationalen Willen von Aristoteles nicht hinreichend erfasst worden ist. Abschließend wird erklärt, dass die sittliche Tugend kein Prinzip der Moralität sein kann und allein der intellektuelle Wille das Prinzip des Guten abgibt. Der Inhalt Schopenhauers Willenskonzeption.- Der Wille bei Aristoteles und die intellektuelle Tugend der Klugheit.- Die negativen Konsequenzen der aristotelischen Klugheits- und daher Willensbestimmung für die Erfassung und Bestimmung des Prinzips der Praxis Die Zielgruppen Dozierende und Studierende der Philosophie Der Autor Dr. D. G. Carus ist Philosoph und Übersetzer der englischen Ausgabe von Schopenhauers "Welt als Wille u nd Vorstellung".
    Description / Table of Contents: Schopenhauers WillensvorstellungDer Wille bei Aristoteles und die intellektuelle Tugend der Klugheit -- Dritter Hauptteil - Die Ethik ist keine Moralität: Die negativen Konsequenzen der aristotelischen Willenskonzeption für die Erfassung und Beurteilung des Handlungsprinzips.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-658-11004-8
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Grund und Freiheit : Eine phänomenologische Untersuchung des Freiheitsbegriffs Heideggers (2016)
    [Switzerland] : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319205748
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 226 S, online resource)
    Edition: 1. Aufl. 2016
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 217
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Schmidt, Stefan W., 1979 - Grund und Freiheit
    RVK:
    CI 2611
    Keywords: Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Hochschulschrift ; Heidegger, Martin 1889-1976 ; Phänomenologie
    Abstract: Vorwort -- Einleitung -- 1 Grund -- 1.1 Grund und Wissen -- 1.2 Der Satz vom Grunde -- 1.3 Der Satz vom Grunde und die Durchgängigkeit der Erfahrung -- 1.4 Grund und Welt -- 2 Freiheit.- 2.1 Existenziale Freiheit — Freiheit und Möglichkeit -- 2.2 Die Revisionsbedürftigkeit der Fundamentalontologie und die Idee der Metontologie -- 2.3 „Transzendentale“ Freiheit — Freiheit und Welt -- 2.4 Freiheit und Welt nach der Metontologie -- 3 Grund und Freiheit — Schlussbetrachtungen -- 3.1 Rekapitulation -- 3.2 Die Freiheit als Drang des Lebens -- 3.3 Phänomenologische Interpretation der metontologischen Freiheit -- 4 Ontologie und Ethik -- 4.1 Ethische Überlegungen im Ausgang an den existenzialen Freiheitsbegriff -- 4.2 Physis und Ethos — Die Idee einer metontologischen Ethik -- Siglenverzeichnis -- Literaturverzeichnis.
    Abstract: In der vorliegenden Studie geht der Autor den mannigfaltigen Zusammenhängen von Gründung und Begründung in der Welt nach, um mit Martin Heidegger zu zeigen, dass all diese Zusammenhänge Freiheit voraussetzen, aus Freiheit hervorgehen oder doch zumindest freiheitsbedingt sind. Die Analyse des ontologischen Freiheitsbegriffs Heideggers nimmt so die Gestalt einer phänomenologischen Destruktion von „Grund“ an. Der Fokus des Buches liegt auf Heideggers tatsächlichem Gebrauch des Begriffs „Freiheit“. Ausgangspunkt der Untersuchung ist das Diktum „Die Freiheit ist der Grund des Grundes“. Dieser Satz fällt in Heideggers „metaphysische Periode“, die sich auf den Zeitraum von 1928 bis 1930 beschränkt und in der er versucht, einen positiven Begriff von Metaphysik, eine Metaphysik des Daseins, zu entwerfen. Zur Aufschlüsselung dieses Diktums konzentriert sich die Untersuchung daher auf eben jenen Zeitraum. Im ersten Kapitel wird der Begriff des Grundes systematisch und philosophiehistorisch untersucht, um unsere Praxis des Begründens offenzulegen und aufzuzeigen, wie diese Praxis bereits den Begriff von Welt präsupponiert. Das zweite Kapitel widmet sich Heideggers positivem Verständnis von Freiheit und weist nach, wie die beiden Begriffe „Grund“ und „Freiheit“ mittels des Weltbegriffs miteinander verwoben sind. Das dritte Kapitel zieht ein Resümee und setzt die Ergebnisse in einen breiteren phänomenologischen Kontext, der nicht allein auf Heidegger beschränkt bleibt. Das vierte und letzte Kapitel setzt sich mit den ethischen Implikationen von Heideggers ontologischem Freiheitsbegriff auseinander.
    Description / Table of Contents: VorwortEinleitung -- 1 Grund -- 1.1 Grund und Wissen -- 1.2 Der Satz vom Grunde -- 1.3 Der Satz vom Grunde und die Durchgängigkeit der Erfahrung -- 1.4 Grund und Welt -- 2 Freiheit.- 2.1 Existenziale Freiheit - Freiheit und Möglichkeit -- 2.2 Die Revisionsbedürftigkeit der Fundamentalontologie und die Idee der Metontologie -- 2.3 „Transzendentale“ Freiheit - Freiheit und Welt -- 2.4 Freiheit und Welt nach der Metontologie -- 3 Grund und Freiheit - Schlussbetrachtungen -- 3.1 Rekapitulation -- 3.2 Die Freiheit als Drang des Lebens -- 3.3 Phänomenologische Interpretation der metontologischen Freiheit -- 4 Ontologie und Ethik -- 4.1 Ethische Überlegungen im Ausgang an den existenzialen Freiheitsbegriff -- 4.2 Physis und Ethos - Die Idee einer metontologischen Ethik -- Siglenverzeichnis -- Literaturverzeichnis.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-20574-8
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Addiction : A Philosophical Perspective (2016)
    London : Palgrave Macmillan UK
    Details
    ISBN: 9781137552853
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (X, 207 p)
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: History
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy of mind ; Political philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy of mind ; Political philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy
    Abstract: Addiction argues that addiction should be understood not as a disease but as a phenomenon that must be understood on many levels at once. Employing a complex dynamic systems approach and philosophical methodology, Shelby explains addiction as an irreducible neurobiological, psychological, developmental, environmental, and sociological phenomenon
    DOI: 10.1057/9781137552853
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Medium, Messenger, Transmission : An Approach to Media Philosophy (2016)
    Amsterdam : Amsterdam University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9789048524990
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource
    Series Statement: Recursions
    DDC: 302.23
    RVK:
    AP 13550
    Keywords: Communication Philosophy ; Mass media Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Medientheorie ; Medienphilosophie ; Mensch ; Kultur ; Vermittlung ; Mensch ; Kultur ; Vermittlung ; Medientheorie ; Medienphilosophie
    Abstract: This book presents an innovative new way of thinking about transmission media: through the figure of the messenger as a key metaphor. It explores a strikingly diverse range of types of transmission, including the circulation of money, the translation of languages, angelic visitations, the spread of infectious disease, the transferences that occur in psychoanalysis, the act of bearing witness, and the development of cartography. In each case, Sybille Krämer uses the insight offered by the metaphor of the messenger to help explain and explore the field of media philosophy and the ways that mediation shapes our understanding of the world around us
    Note: Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (publisher's Web site, viewed 23. Okt 2018) , In English
    DOI: 10.1515/9789048524990
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1515/9789048524990
    URL: kostenfrei
    URL: Cover
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    HeBIS
    BVB
  • 99
    Book
    Book
    Anthropocentrism in philosophy : realism, antirealism, semirealism (2015)
    Boston : De Gruyter
    Details
    ISBN: 9781614517924
    Language: English
    Pages: VIII, 246 Seiten , 24 cm
    Series Statement: Eide Volume 8
    Series Statement: Eide
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Butchvarov, Panayot, 1933 - Anthropocentrism in philosophy
    DDC: 128
    RVK:
    CC 6600
    Keywords: Philosophical anthropology ; Anthropology Philosophy ; Ethics ; Knowledge, Theory of ; Metaphysics ; Anthropozentrismus ; Realismus
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite [238]-243
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  • 100
    Book
    Book
    A short treatise on the metaphysics of tsunamis (2015)
    East Lansing : Michigan State University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781611861853 , 162895244X , 1611861853 , 9781628952445
    Language: English
    Pages: ix, 81 Seiten , 23 cm
    Series Statement: Studies in violence, mimesis, and culture
    Uniform Title: Petite métaphysique des tsunamis
    DDC: 111.84
    RVK:
    CU 3040
    RVK:
    CC 6600
    RVK:
    MS 1280
    Keywords: Natural disasters Psychological aspects ; Disasters Psychological aspects ; Metaphysics ; Moral realism ; Psychic trauma ; Disasters Psychological aspects ; Metaphysics ; Moral realism ; Natural disasters Psychological aspects ; Psychic trauma ; Natural disasters Psychological aspects ; Disasters Psychological aspects ; Metaphysics ; Moral realism ; Psychic trauma ; Naturkatastrophe ; Psychisches Trauma
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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