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  • 1980-1984  (582)
  • Dordrecht : Springer  (341)
  • Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt  (241)
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  • 101
    ISBN: 9789400963757
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (448p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 172
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I. Philosophical Analysis in Argentina -- I. Philosophical Analysis in Argentina -- Normative Knowledge and Truth -- Legal Principles and Legal Positivism -- Logic and the Hypothetical-Deductive Method -- The Limits of the Enforcement of Morality Through the Criminal Law -- On the Inconsistency of Meinong’s Ontology -- Meaning, Force and Explicit Performatives -- II. Philosophical Analysis in Mexico -- II. Philosophical Analysis in Mexico -- Existential Quantifiers and Guiding Principles in Physical Theories -- (Simple) Qualities and Resemblance -- Theory of Descriptions, Meaning and Presupposition -- Ethics and the Language of Morality -- The Private Language Argument -- III. Philosophical Analysis in Brazil -- III. Philosophical Analysis in Brazil -- Philosophy, Common Sense, and Science -- Decidability and Cognitive Significance in Carnap -- Natural Conjectures -- IV. Philosophical Analysis in Other Latin American Countries -- IV. Philosophical Analysis in Other Latin American Countries -- Popper’s Solution to the Problem of Induction -- On the Concept of Reason -- Appendix: Latin Americans Residing in the United States and Canada / Jorge J. E. Gracia -- Biographical Notes -- Index of Proper Names.
    Abstract: Historians of Latin American philosophy have paid relatively little attention to the development of philosophical analysis in Latin America. There are two reasons for this neglect: First, they have been primarily concerned with the forma tive period of philosophical development, in particular with the so called "founders" of La ti n American philosophy. And second. philosophical analysis did not become a noticeable philosophical trend in Latin America until recent years. True. a nunber of Latin American philosophers took notice of Moore. Russell. the members of the Vienna Circle and other important figures in the analytic movement qui te early. But these were isolated instances that lacked the sustained effort and broad base indispensible to make a serious impact in the development of Latin American philosophy. That has changed now. There are not only good numbers of philosophers who work within the analytic tradition, but also some journals and institutes dedicated to the analytic mode of philosophizing. It is. therefore. most appropriate to publish a collection of articles which would introduce the reader of philosophy to the most representative analytic material produced so far in Latin America. Indeed. it is not only appropriate. but also necessary. since most of the published analytic literature to date is scattered in various journals, sometimes of difficult access. Moreover, not all that has been published is representative of the best already produced and of the potential that the movement has in Latin America.
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  • 102
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400962330
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (388p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 64
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 64
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Introductory Remarks to the Symposium on Hegel and the Sciences -- The Scholar, the Liberal Ideal, and the Philosophy of Science -- I. The Sciences -- Conceptual Analysis and Scientific Theory in Hegel’s Philosophy of Nature (with Special Reference to Hegel’s Optics) -- A Comment on Buchdahl’s Paper -- The Chemical System of Substances, Forces and Processes in Hegel’s Philosophy of Nature and the Science of His Time -- Hegel and the Celestial Mechanics of Newton and Einstein -- The Hegelian Treatment of Biology and Life -- More Comments on the Place of the Organic in Hegel’s Philosophy of Nature -- Hegel and the Organic View of Nature -- Hegel’s Philosophical Understanding of Illness -- On Hegel’s Significance for the Social Sciences -- Hegel’s Conception of Psychology -- II. Philosophy and Methodology of Science -- The Dialectical Structure of Scientific Thinking -- Is the Progress of Science Dialectical? -- Some ‘Moments’ of Hegel’s Relation to the Sciences -- Hegel’s ‘Deduction of the Concept of Science’ -- Theory and Praxis and the Beginning of Science -- The First American Interpretation of Hegel in J. B. Stallo’s Philosophy of Science -- III. Dialectics and Logic -- Hegel’s Logic from a Logical Point of View -- The Dynamics of Hegelian Dialectics, and Non-Linearity in the Sciences -- Mathematical Dialectics, Scientific Logic and the Psychoanalysis of Thinking [Comment on Kosok and Gauthier] -- Comments on Kosok’s Interpretation of Hegel’s Logic -- Bibliographical Note -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: To the scientists and philosophers of our time, Hegel has been either a ne­ glected or a provocative thinker, a source of irrelevant dark metaphysics or of complex but insightful analysis. His influence upon the work of natural scientists has seemed minimal, in the main; and his stimulus to the nascent sciences of society and to psychology has seemed to be as often an obstacle as an encouragement. Nevertheless his philosophical analysis of knowledge and the knowing process, of concepts and their evolutionary formation, of rationality in its forms and histories, of the stages of empirical awareness and human practice, all set within his endless inquiries into cultural formations from the entire sweep of human experience, must, we believe, be confronted by anyone who wants to understand the scientific consciousness. Indeed, we may wish to situate the changing theories of nature, and of humankind in nature, within a philosophical account of men and women as social practi­ tioners and as sensing, thinking, feeling centers of privacy; and then we will see the work of Hegel as a major effort to mediate between the purest of epistemological investigations and the most practical of the political and the religious. This book, long delayed to our deep regret, derives from a Symposium on Hegel and the Sciences which was sponsored jointly by the Hegel Society of America and the Boston University Center for Philosophy and History of Science a decade ago.
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  • 103
    ISBN: 9789400956506
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Series in Social Welfare 3
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Social sciences
    Abstract: 1 Introduction -- 2 Centralization: A Conceptual and Measurement Strategy -- 3 The American Educational System -- 4 The Educational System of England and Wales -- 5 The American Medical System -- 6 The Medical System of England and Wales -- 7 Centralization and Power in Delivery Systems -- 8 Conclusion.
    Abstract: In the United States and other western nations, debates rage over whether welfare, medical care, educational programs, and many other aspects of public policy should be the responsibility of central govern­ ment, local government, or the private sector. In most nations, the issues of regional autonomy and decentralization are constantly in the news, with intensity varying from mild debate to open warfare. Less visibly, battles are continuously fought in the political arena over what groups should have the right to make decisions concerning the allocation of soci­ ety's resources. In response to these concerns, social scientists have focused consider­ able attention on the causes and consequences of centralization and de­ centralization in political, economic, and social organizations. Their analyses of centralization have been varied, ranging from systems that are quite small (e. g. , the family, the firm, and the community) to those sys­ tems that are very large (e . g. , the welfare state). While centralization is a concept of major concern in most of the social science disciplines, each discipline has tended to focus on centralization with a different set of interests. Economists have been very much concerned with the causes and the consequences of the concentration of economic resources. Polit­ ical scientists have long sought to understand the origins and conse­ quences of dictatorship and democracy. Sociologists have focused on inequalities in the distribution of power.
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  • 104
    ISBN: 9789400962590
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (788p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 165
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Logic ; Mathematical logic.
    Abstract: to Volume II -- II.1. Basic Modal Logic -- II.2.Basic Tense Logic -- II.3. Combinations of Tense and Modality -- II.4. Correspondence Theory -- II.5. Quantification in Modal Logic -- II.6. Philosophical Perspectives on Quantification in Tense and Modal Logic -- II.7. C. General Intensional Logic -- II.8.Conditional Logic -- II.9.Modal Logic and Self-reference -- II.10. Dynamic Logic -- II.11. Deontic Logic -- II.12. The Logic of Questions -- Name Index.
    Abstract: The chapters in the present volume go beyond 'classical' extensional logic with respect to one important factor: they all include among the semantic constituents representations of so-called 'possible worlds'. The inclusion of such 'indices' has turned out to be the semantic mainstay in dealing with a number of issues having to do with intensional features of natural and artificial languages. It is, of course, an open question whether 'possible world' semantics is in the final analysis the proper solution to the many problems and puzzles intensional constructions raise for the logical analysis of the many varieties of discourse. At present, there seem to be about as many opponents as proponents with regard to the usefulness of having the semantics of intensional languages based on possible world constructs. Some attempts to come to grips with intensional phenomena which are not couched in the possible world framework are discussed in Volume IV of the Handbook. Chapter 1 is an extensive survey of the main systems of (propositional) modal logic including the most important meta-mathematical results and the techniques used in establishing these. It introduces the basic terminology and semantic machinery applied in one way or another in many of the subsequent chapters. Chapter 2 discusses the most significant developments in (propositional) tense logic which can of course be regarded as a special kind of modal logic, where the possible world indices are simply (ordered) moments of time.
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  • 105
    ISBN: 9789400964990
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (420p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 178
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy, modern ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Analytical Philosophy in Comparative Perspective: An Introduction -- We Are All Children of God -- The Syncategorematic Treatment of Predicates -- The Paradox of Naming -- Substance and Kind: Reflections on the New Theory of Reference -- The Easy Examination Paradox -- Models for Actions -- Some Problems Concerning Meaning -- Abstraction, Analysis and Universals: The Navya-Ny?ya Theory -- Psychologism in Indian Logical Theory -- A Speech-Act Model for Understanding Navya-Ny?ya Epistemology -- Some Epistemologically Misleading Expressions: “Inference”, and “Anum?na”, “Perception” and “Pratyaksa” -- The Pr?bh?kara Mim?ms? Theory of Related Designation -- Plato’s Indian Barbers -- Proper Names: Contemporary Philosophy and the Ny?ya -- Awareness and Meaning in Navya-Ny?ya.
    Abstract: We are grateful to the authors who wrote papers specially for this volume and kindly gave their permission for printing them together. None of these papers appeared anywhere before. Our special thanks are due to the first six authors who kindly responded to our request and agreed to join this new venture which we are calling 'comparative perspective' in ana­ lytical philosophy. In the introductory essay certain salient points from each paper have been noted only to show how 'com­ parative perspective' may add to, and be integrated with, mod­ ern philosophical discussion in the analytic tradition. Need­ less to say, any mistake, possible mis-attribution or misrepresentation of the views of the original authors of the papers (appearing in the said introductory essay) is entirely the responsibility of the author of that essay. The author apologizes if there has been such unintentional misrepresenta­ tion and insists that the readers should depend upon the orig­ inal papers themselves for their own understanding. For typo­ graphical problems it has not always been possible to use the symbols originally used by the authors, but care has been taken to use the proper substitute for each of them. Bimal K. Matilal ANALYTICAL PHILOSOPHY IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE: AN INTRODUCTION 1. The aim of this volume is to extend the horizon of philosophi­ cal analysis as it is practiced today.
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  • 106
    ISBN: 9789400964549
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (453p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 175
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Abstract: May We Identify Reduction and Explanation of Theories ? -- Restriction and Embedding -- Anomalies of Reduction -- Ontological Reduction in the Natural Sciences -- Explanation of Theories and the Problem of Progress in Physics -- Reduction, Interpretation and Invariance -- Reduction and Evolution — Arguments and Examples -- Limiting Case Correspondence between Physical Theories -- Contact Structures, Predifferentiability and Approximation -- Tangent Embedding — A Special Kind of Approximate Reduction -- A Logical Investigation of the Phlogiston Case -- Utilistic Reduction in Sociology: The Case of Collective Goods -- Intertheory Relations in Growth Economics: Sraffa and Wicksell -- Possible Approaches to Reduction in Economic Theory -- Why Language ? -- On the Comparison of Classical and Special Relativistic Space-Time -- Space-Time Geometries for One-Dimensional Space -- Quantum Theory as a Factualization of Classical Theory -- Classical and Non Classical Limiting Cases of Quantum Logic -- Bell’s Inequalities and the Reduction of Statistical Theories -- Name Index.
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  • 107
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400961043
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Nijhoff International Philosophy Series 15
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Biology—Philosophy. ; Life sciences.
    Abstract: I: Teleological Phenomena -- 1. Teleology and reduction: Preliminaries -- 2. Purposiveness and designedness -- 3. Relative purposiveness -- 4. Internal purposiveness -- II: The Kantian Endeavor -- 1. The Critical methodology -- 2. The quest for unity and the Critique of Judgment -- 3. The Critique of Aesthetic Judgment and the Critique of Teleological Judgment -- III: Design in Nature -- 1. Is purposiveness designedness? -- 2. The empirical question -- 3. Two methodological objections -- IV: The Mechanism of Nature -- 1. Mechanism vs. vitalism, preformation vs. epigenesis -- 2. Reductionism in Kant -- 3. Kant’s anti-reductionism -- 4. The freedom of vital phenomena -- V: The Autonomy of Biology -- 1. Kant’s projectionism -- 2. Kant’s explanatory systematic unity -- 3. A natural dialectic -- 4. A noumenal question -- Appendix: Leibniz and the Second Analogy.
    Abstract: The most neglected sector of Kant's Critical Philosophy is his collec­ tion of remarks about biological phenomena in the second part of the Critique of Judgment, the Critique of Teleological Judgment. The reasons for this are numerous, but since in Kant, everything comes in threes, a three-fold collection will suffice. The Critique of Teleological Judgment itself is one reason. More than most of his writings, this segment of the Critical corpus suffers from what can most charitably be termed "mistakes of exposition. " In this part of the third Critique, it is commonplace to find sub-arguments in Kant's general position somewhere other than their logical niche. The result is that the general theme behind his remarks about living phenomena is obscured. This difficulty has done much to discourage even the most enthusiastic of Kant admirers from investing their time on this work. Secondly, in this century, until very recently, there has been little interest in philosophical questions about biology. Twenty-one out of thirty-one sections of the Critique of Teleological Judgment (sections #61 and 63-83) deal either directly or indirectly with issues of interest in the philosophy of biology. Finally, the Critique of Teleological Judgment has been placed among the last on that list "of writings thought to formulate Kant's Critical system. This is not merely because of its temporal position.
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  • 108
    ISBN: 9789400965256
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (408p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 27
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 27
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Reflections on Change -- I. Historical Dimensions -- The Mechanical Philosophy and Its Problems: Mechanical Explanations, Impenetrability, and Perpetual Motion -- Ghosts in the World Machine: A Taxonomy of Leibnizian Forces -- The Notion of Experimental Physics in Early Eighteenth-Century France -- Some Pragmatic Aspects of the Methodology of Johann Heinrich Lambert -- Classical Wage Theory and the Causal Complications of Explaining Distribution -- Genetic Epistemology in the Context of Evolutionary Epistemology -- II. Conceptual Considerations -- Truthlikeness, Realism, and Progressive Theory-Change -- In Praise of Cumulative Progress -- Kuhn’s Critique of Methodology -- Scientific Discovery and Theory-Confirmation -- Meaning, Acceptance, and Dialectics -- Extraterrestrial Science.
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  • 109
    ISBN: 9789400964303
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (536p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Culture, Illness and Healing, Studies in Comparative Cross-Cultural Research 6
    Series Statement: Culture, Illness and Healing 6
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Anthropology ; Sociology. ; Public health.
    Abstract: Section I: Introductions -- 1. Among the Physicians: Encounter, Exchange and Transformation -- 2. Including the Physician in Healer-Centered Research: Retrospect and Prospect -- Section II: Core Medicine -- 3. A World of Internal Medicine: Portrait of an Internist -- Section III: Medical Specialties -- 4. Models and Practice in Medicine: Menopause as Syndrome or Life Transition? -- 5. Mary; Patient as Emergent Symbol on a Pediatrics Ward: The Objectification of Meaning in Social Process -- 6. How Surgeons Make Decisions -- 7. Gentle Interrogation: Inquiry and Interaction in Brief Initial Psychiatric Evaluations -- 8. Reflexivity, Countertransference and Clinical Ethnography: A Case From a Psychiatric Cultural Consultation Clinic -- 9. The Once- and the Twice-Born: Self and Practice Among Psychiatrists and Christian Psychiatrists -- Section IV: Interrelations of Medical Specialties -- 10. Discourses on Physician Competence -- 11. Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry: Medicine as Patient, Marginality as Practice -- 12. Disease and Pseudo-Disease: A Case History of Pseudo-Angina -- List of Contributors -- Author Index.
    Abstract: After putting down this weighty (in all senses of the word) collection, the reader, be she or he physician or social scientist, will (or at least should) feel uncomfortable about her or his taken-for-granted commonsense (therefore cultural) understanding of medicine. The editors and their collaborators show the medical leviathan, warts and all, for what it is: changing, pluralistic, problematic, powerful, provocative. What medicine proclaims itself to be - unified, scientific, biological and not social, non-judgmental - it is shown not to resemble very much. Those matters about which medicine keeps fairly silent, it turns out, come closer to being central to its clinical practice - managing errors and learning to conduct a shared moral dis­ course about mistakes, handling issues of competence and competition among biomedical practitioners, practicing in value-laden contexts on problems for which social science is a more relevant knowledge base than biological science, integrating folk and scientific models of illness in clinical communication, among a large number of highly pertinent ethnographic insights that illuminate medicine in the chapters that follow.
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  • 110
    ISBN: 9789400956445
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Longitudinal Research in the Behavioral, Social and Medical Sciences, An International Series 3
    Series Statement: Longitudinal Research in the Behavioral, Social and Medical Studies 3
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences
    Abstract: 1 A Paean to the Follow-up -- I Follow-up Studies -- 2 Risks for Alcoholism by Age and Class among Males -- 3 Children of Alcoholic Fathers—A Longitudinal Prospective Study -- 4 The Longitudinal Course of Alcoholism among Women Criminals: A Six-Year Follow-up -- 5 Natural History of Male Alcoholism -- 6 Causal Models of Personality, Peer Culture Characteristics, Drug Use, and Criminal Behaviors over a Five-year Span -- II High-Risk Studies -- 7 Studies of Familial Alcoholism: A Growth Industry -- 8 A Danish Prospective Study of Young Males at High Risk for Alcoholism -- 9 A Prospective Study of Alcoholism: Electroencephalographic Findings -- 10 Prospective Markers for Alcoholism -- III Typological Studies -- 11 Subtyping Alcoholics by Coexisting Psychiatric Syndromes: Course, Family History, Outcome -- 12 Antisocial Behavior, Psychopathology, and Problem Drinking in the Natural History of Alcoholism.
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  • 111
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400963955
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 202 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The GoeJournal Library 1
    DDC: 910
    Keywords: Geography
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  • 112
    ISBN: 9789400963344
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (340p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, An International Series in the Philosophy and Methodology of the Social and Behavioral Sciences 41
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library 41
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Social sciences Methodology ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Abstract: I. Introduction -- I. Introduction -- II. On Theory -- 1. Aggregation without side conditions -- 2. Aggregation of production functions under optimum conditions -- 3. Aggregation and individual preferences -- 4. Aggregation and the distribution of individual characteristics -- 5. Linear aggregation and estimation -- 6. Aggregation over arguments of a function -- III. Some Applications -- 7. Aggregation and consumer behaviour -- 8. Collective choice and macro-economic policy -- IV. Epilogue: Optimal aggregation -- IV. Epilogue: Optimal aggregation -- References -- Author Index.
    Abstract: Our interest in problems of aggregation originates from about seven years ago when we became involved in research in the field of applied microeconomics. To our astonishment a vast majority of researchers in this area took it for granted that their, mostly thoroughly derived, micro models could meaningfully be confronted with per capita data. Nany of them did not even realize - at least they gave no utterance to it - that applying macro data in micro models raises considerable problems. Those who did mention the difficulty, almost always belittled its importance. Fortunately, there are noteworthy exceptions. Thinking about aggregation raises at least two questions: "Why or why not aggregate?" and "How to aggregate and, in particular, to what degree?" General answers to these questions can only be given in uninformative wording (as many assertions in economics): one aggregates for the sake of tractability, because of the lack of (individual) data, to avoid or to reduce multicollineartiy, to save degrees of freedom; one abstains from aggregation to avoid loss of information, to avoid aggregation biases and one aggregates such and to such degree as to bypass or reduce the drawbacks mentioned above.
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  • 113
    ISBN: 9789400956421
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 186 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Longitudinal Research in the Behavioral, Social and Medical Sciences, An International Series 4
    Series Statement: Longitudinal Research in the Behavioral, Social and Medical Studies 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Sociology. ; Developmental psychology.
    Abstract: I Pregnancy and the First Year -- 1 Description of the Cohort, Variables, and General Procedures -- 2 Influences on Perinatal Outcomes (Written in collaboration with Dennis Hocevar and Thomas Teasdale) -- 3 Perinatal and Social Influences on One-Year Physical Outcomes (Written in collaboration with Dennis Hocevar and Thomas Teasdale) -- II Follow-up of the Cohort into Adolescence and Young Adulthood -- 4 The Follow-Up: Sample, Variables, and Procedures -- 5 Divorce and Family Instability (Written in collaboration with Charlotte Reznick) -- 6 Maternal Employment and Child Day Care (Written in collaboration with William Brock) -- 7 Family Size and Birth Order (Written in collaboration with Dennis Hocevar) -- 8 Correlates of Adolescent and Young Adult Criminal Behavior (Written in collaboration with Linn Carothers) -- 9 Long-Term Consequences for Adolescents Identified as At-Risk at Birth -- Epilogue: Implications for Intervention and Social Policy Development -- References -- Author Index.
    Abstract: This book is the product of the efforts of a number of people dating back to 1956, when Professor T. Kemp, then head of the University Institute for Human Genetics in Copenhagen, proposed a study on the importance of x-ray irradiation in pregnant women. Under the guidance of Professors Dyhre Trolle and Preben Plum of the Uni­ versity Hospital in Copenhagen, the investigation was expanded to deal with prenatal and perinatal factors of importance for the development of the infant. The corpus of medical data that resulted from these efforts was collected and organized by Drs. Bengt Zachau-Christiansen and Aage Villumsen. The project's birth cohort included all deliveries that took place at the State University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, over a two-year period from 1959 to 1961. As part of the perinatal study, the mothers and children were subjected to regular and thorough medical examinations during pregnancy and through the first year of the child's life. The detailed data from these examinations, as well as information about treatment administered, were systematically collected and coded.
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  • 114
    ISBN: 9789400962620
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (384p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 17
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I Spontaneity Of Life, Individualization, Beingness -- Harmony in Becoming: The Spontaneity of Life and Self-Individualization -- Toward a More Comprehensive Concept of life -- Confucian Methodology and Understanding the Human Person -- Heidegger’s Quest for the Essence of Man -- A Comparative Study of Lao-tzu and Husserl: A Methodological Approach -- II Human Faculties of Life -- Mind and Consciousness in Chinese Philosophy: A Historical Survey -- Transcendental Consciousness in Edmund Husserl’s Phenomenology -- Life-world and Reason in Husserl’s Philosophy of Life -- Consciousness and Body in the Phenomenology of Merleau-Ponty: Some Remarks Concerning Flesh, Vision, and World in the Late Philosophy of Maurice Merleau-Ponty -- Language, Consciousness, and Mind in Neo-Confucian Philosophy: The Crossbow Pellet -- Conscience and Life: The Role of Freedom in Heidegger’s Conception of Conscience -- III Life, Morality and Inwardness -- A Reevaluation of Confucius -- Conscience, Morality and Creativity -- Confucian Moral Metaphysics and Heidegger’s Fundamental Ontology -- The Concept of Tao: A Hermeneutical Perspective -- Phenomenology in T’ien-t’ai and Hua-yen Buddhism -- Chinese Buddhism as an Existential Phenomenology -- A Critical Reflection on the Methods of Phenomenology, Hermeneutics, and the Idea of Contextualization in Religious and Theological Studies -- IV The Locus of Art In Life -- The Tenets of Roman Ingarden’s Aesthetics in a Philosophical Perspective -- The Literary Work and Its Concretization in Roman Ingarden’s Aesthetics -- The Writer as Shaman -- A Glimpse of the Fundamental Nature of Japanese Art -- A Phenomenological Perspective of Theodore Roethke’s Poetry -- Virginia Woolf’s Theory of Reception -- The Aesthetic Interpretation of life in The Tale of Genji -- Index Of Names.
    Abstract: To introduce this collection of research studies, which stem from the pro­ grams conducted by The World Phenomenology Institute, we need say a few words about our aims and work. This will bring to light the significance of the present volume. The phenomenological philosophy is an unprejudiced study of experience in its entire range: experience being understood as yielding objects. Experi­ ence, moreover, is approached in a specific way, such a way that it legitima­ tizes itself naturally in immediate evidence. As such it offers a unique ground for philosophical inquiry. Its basic condition, however, is to legitimize its validity. In this way it allows a dialogue to unfold among various philosophies of different methodologies and persuasions, so that their basic assumptions and conceptions may be investigated in an objective fashion. That is, instead of comparing concepts, we may go below their differences to seek together what they are meant to grasp. We may in this way come to the things them­ selves, which are the common objective of all philosophy, or what the great Chinese philosopher Wang Yang Ming called "the investigation of things". It is in this spirit that the Institute's programs include a "cross-cultural" dialogue meant to bring about a profound communication among philosophers in their deepest concerns. Rising above artificial cultural confinements, such dialogues bring scholars, thinkers and human beings together toward a truly human community of minds. Our Institute unfolds one consistent academic program.
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    ISBN: 9789401576970
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 203 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 173
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I Linguistic Preliminaries -- II Actives and Passives -- III Reference -- IV Coherence -- V Hypostasis -- VI Knowledge -- VII Knowing How -- VIIII Various Uses -- IX Conditions -- X A Position to Know -- XI Analysis -- XII Skepticism -- XIII A Safe Position -- XIV Demons, Angels and Miracles -- XV Risk and Gravity -- Kreb’s Epilogue -- Notes.
    Abstract: THIS ESSAY was begun a long time ago, in 1962, when I spent a year in Rome on a Guggenheim Fellowship. That twenty one years were required to complete it is owing both to the character of the theory presented and to my peculiar habits of mind. The theory presented is a coherence theory of knowledge: the con­ ception of coherence is here dominant and pervasive. But considera­ tions of coherence dictate an attention to details. The fact of the matter is that I get hung up on details: everything must fit, and if it does not, I do not want to proceed. A second difficulty was that all the epistemological issues seemed too clear. That may sound weird, but that's the way it is. I write philosophy to make things clear to myself. If, rightly or wrongly, I think I know the answer to a question, I can't bring myself to write it down. What happened, in this case, is that I finally became persuaded, in the course of lecturing on epistemology to under­ graduates, that not everything was as clear as it should be, that there were gaps in my presentation that were seriously in need of filling.
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  • 116
    ISBN: 9789401091886
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 428 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Language Library, Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 18
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 18
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Computational linguistics ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Dialogue and Cognition -- Diplomatic Communication -- Insight and Self-Observation: Their Role in the Analysis of the Etiology of Illness -- Parental Communication Deviance and Schizophrenia: A Cognitive-Developmental Analysis -- Contributions of the Right Cerebral Hemisphere in Perceiving Paralinguistic Cues of Emotion -- Towards a Computational Theory of Semantic Memory -- Two Types of Discourse in Hölderlin’s Madness -- Problems in Question Answering -- Looking for a Process Model of Dialogue: Speculations from the Perspective of Artificial Intelligence -- Jokes and the Logic of the Cognitive Unconscious -- A Logical Form Based on the Structural Descriptions of Events -- Linguistic and Situational Context in a Model of Task-Oriented Dialogue -- Some Ways of Representing Dialogues -- Towards a Logical Model of Dialogue -- Message Theory and the Semantics of Dialogue -- Rules, Utilities, and Strategies in Dialogical Games -- Focus and Dialogue Games: A Game-Theoretical Approach to the Interpretation of Intonational Focusing -- Intensional Man vs Extensional Man: A Difficult Dialogue -- Dynamic Model Selection in the Interpretation of Discourse -- Modelling the Dialogue by means of Formal Language Theory -- Precisiation of Meaning via Translation into PRUF -- Conversations between Programs -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: Communication is one of the most challenging human phenomena, and the same is true of its paradigmatic verbal realization as a dialogue. Not only is communication crucial for virtually all interpersonal relations; dialogue is often seen as offering us also a paradigm for important intra-individual processes. The best known example is undoubtedly the idea of concep­ tualizing thinking as an internal dialogue, "inward dialogue carried on by the mind within itself without spoken sound", as Plato called it in the Sophist. At first, the study of communication seems to be too vaguely defmed to have much promise. It is up to us, so to speak, to decide what to say and how to say it. However, on eloser scrutiny, the process of communication is seen to be subject to various subtle constraints. They are due inter alia to the nature of the parties of the communicative act, and most importantly, to the properties of the language or other method of representation presupposed in that particuIar act of communication. It is therefore not surprising that in the study of communication as a cognitive process the critical issues revolve around the nature of the representations and the nature of the computations that create, maintain and interpret these representations. The term "repre­ sentation" as used here indicates a particular way of specifying information about a given subject.
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    ISBN: 9789400961876
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 196 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Science and Philosophy 1
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I. The Philosophical Situation: A Critical Appraisal -- 1: The ‘standard’ account of meaning -- 2: ‘Meaning variance’ and ‘incommensurability’ -- II. The Scientific Situation: An Historical Analysis -- 3: Faraday’s ‘lines of force’ -- 4: Maxwell’s ‘Newtonian aether-field’ -- 5: Lorentz’ ‘non-Newtonian aether-field’ -- 6: Einstein’s ‘field’ -- III. The Making of Meaning: A Proposal -- 7: Meaning in scientific practice.
    Abstract: Einstein often expressed the sentiment that "the eternal mystery of the world is its comprehensibility," and that science is the means through which we comprehend it. However, nearly every­ one - including scientists - agrees that the concepts of modem physics are quite incomprehensible: They are both unintelligible to the educated lay-person and to the scientific community itself, where there is much dispute over the interpretation of even (and especially) the most basic concepts. There is, of course, almost universal agreement that modem science quite adequately accounts for and predicts events, i. e. , that its calculations work better than those of classical physics; yet the concepts of science are supposed to be descriptive of 'the world' as well - they should enable us to comprehend it. So, it is asked, and needs tobe"asked: Has modem physics failed in an important respect? It failed with me as a physics student. I came to physics, as with most naIve students, out of a desire to know what the world is really like; in particular, to understand Einstein's conception of it. I thought I had grasped the concepts in classical mechanics, but with electrodynamics confusion set in and only increased with relativity and quantum mechanics. At that point I began even to doubt whether I had really understood the basic concepts of classical mechanics.
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    ISBN: 9789400963177
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (548p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 171
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Abstract: 1: Philosophy and the Theory of Social Action -- I Scientific Realism and the Social Sciences -- II Theorizing about Social Action -- 2: Individualism and Concept Formation in the Social Sciences -- I Holistic Social Concepts -- II Conceptual Individualism -- III We-Intentions and Social Motivation -- 3: Theories of Action -- I Views of Human Action -- II Mental Cause Theory -- III Agency Theory -- IV Hermeneutic Theory -- V Arguments for and against Causal Theories of Action -- 4: The Purposive-Causal Theory of Human Action -- I The Fundamental Elements of the Purposive-Causal Theory of Action -- II The Structure of Single-Agent Action -- 5: The Structure of Social Action -- I The General Nature of Social Action -- II Simple Social Actions -- III Complex Social Actions -- IV The Acting of Social Collectives -- V Group Interests Revisited -- 6: Action Generation -- I Action Generation and the By-Relation -- II Action Generation and the Theory of Automata -- III Social Actions, Grammars, and Social Conduct Plans -- 7: Practical Inference and Social Action -- I Loop Beliefs and Practical Inference -- II Mutual Beliefs -- III The Replicative Justification of Social Beliefs -- IV Social Action and Practical Inference -- V Mixed Interest Games and Practical Inference -- VI Social Rules and the Scope of Social Action -- 8: Norms, Rules, and Social Structures -- I Social Norms -- II Social Rules -- III Similarity and Roles -- IV Social Structures -- 9: Social Interaction and Control -- I Acting in Social Relation -- II Overt Social Interaction -- III Covert Social Interaction -- 10: A Pragmatic Theory of Explanation -- I Explaining as Communicative Action -- II Emphasis -- III Understanding and Presuppositions -- 11: Proximate Explanation of Social Action -- I Explanation and Social Action -- II Teleological Explanation -- III Purposive-Causal Explanation -- IV Reason-Explanation -- V Explaining the Style of Action -- VI Understanding Action -- 12: Dynamic Explanation of Social Action -- I Explanation and Other-Regarding Utilities -- II Expected Utilities, Motives, and the Explanation of Social Action -- III The Nature of Dynamic Action Explanations -- 13: Functional and Invisible Hand Explanation of Social Action -- I Action-Functions and Functional Explanations -- II Invisible Hand Explanations of Social Action -- 14: Explanatory Individualism and Explanation of Social Laws -- I Explanatory Individualism -- II Explanation of Social Laws -- Notes -- Name index -- Index of Symbols, Definitions, and Theses.
    Abstract: It is somewhat surprising to find out how little serious theorizing there is in philosophy (and in social psychology as well as sociology) on the nature of social actions or joint act. hons in the sense of actions performed together by several agents. Actions performed by single agents have been extensively discussed both in philosophy and in psycho~ogy. There is, ac­ cordingly, a booming field called action theory in philosophy but it has so far strongly concentrated on actions performed by single agents only. We of course should not forget game theory, a discipline that systematically studies the strategic interac­ tion between several rational agents. Yet this important theory, besides being restricted to strongly rational acting, fails to study properly several central problems related to the concep­ tual nature of social action. Thus, it does not adequately clarify and classify the various types of joint action (except perhaps from the point of view of the agents' utilities). This book presents a systematic theory of social action. Because of its reliance on so-called purposive causation and generation it is called the purposive-causal theory. This work also discusses several problems related to the topic of social action, for instance that of how to create from this perspective the most central concepts needed by social psychology and soci­ ology. While quite a lot of ground is covered in the book, many important questions have been left unanswered and many others unasked as well.
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    ISBN: 9789400963061
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (236p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series in Philosophy 31
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 31
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics
    Abstract: One: A Brentanist Theory of Moral Judgments -- 1.1. The Theory -- 1.2. Grounds for Preferring the Brentanist Theory to the Standard Non-Cognitivist Theories -- 1.3. Grounds for Preferring the Brentanist Theory to the Standard Cognitivist Theories -- 1.4. Answers to Some Objections to the Brentanist Theory -- Two: The Ideal Observer Theory and Moral Objectivism -- 2.1. An Argument for Accepting the Ideal Observer Theory as a Standard for Determining the Correctness of Moral Judgments -- 2.2. Firth’s Version of the Ideal Observer Theory -- 2.3. My Characterization of the Ideal Observer -- 2.4 Three Versions of the Ideal Observer Theory and Their Implications for the Objectivity of Moral Judgments -- 2.5. Sermonette on the Importance of Empathy -- 2.6. Intuitionism and the Ideal Observer Theory -- Three: Relativism and Nihilism -- 3.1 Some Different Meanings of the Term ‘Ethical Relativism’ -- 3.2. The Definition of ‘Meta-Ethical Relativism’ -- 3.3. Some Necessary Conditions of One’s Accepting a Moral Judgment or a Moral Principle -- 3.4. Meta-Ethical Relativism and Nihilism -- 3.5. A Non-Nihilistic Version of Meta-Ethical Relativism -- 3.6. Conclusion -- Four: The Wages of Relativism -- 4.1. What Sorts of Attitudes and Commitments Presuppose a Belief in the Objectivity of Normative Judgments? -- 4.2. Causal or Psychological Connections Between Meta-Ethical Views and Attitudes and First-Order Normative Standards -- Appendix I: Nietzsche on the Genealogy of Morals -- 1.1. Nietzsche’s Claims Concerning the Genealogy of Morals -- 1.2. What Are Nietzsche’s Genetic Claims Intended to Show? -- Appendix II: Normative Relativism and Nihilism -- Appendix III: Hare’s Version of the Ideal Observer Theory -- Notes -- Selected Bibliography.
    Abstract: My interest in the issues considered here arose out of my great frustration in trying to attack the all-pervasive relativism of my students in introductory ethics courses at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. I am grateful to my students for forcing me to take moral relativism and skepticism seriously and for compelling me to argue for my own dogmatically maintained version of moral objectivism. The result is before the reader. The conclusions reached here (which can be described either as a minimal objectivism or as a moderate verson of relativism) are considerably weaker than those that I had expected and would have liked to have defended. I have arrived at these views kicking and screaming and have resisted them to the best of my ability. The arguments of this book are directed at those who deny that moral judgments can ever be correct (in any sense that is opposed to mistaken) and who also deny that we are ever rationally com­ pelled to accept one moral judgment as opposed to another. I have sought to take their views seriously and to fight them on their own grounds without making use of any assumptions that they would be unwilling to grant. My conclusion is that, while it is possible to refute the kind of extreme irrationalism that one often encounters, it is impossible to defend the kind of objectivist meta-ethical views that most of us want to hold, without begging the question against the non-objectivist.
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    ISBN: 9789400962569
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (436p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 81
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 81
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Abstract: One / Epistemological Foundations of the Dialectical Theory of Meaning -- I. General Logical Problems of Constructing a Theory of Meaning -- II. Categories of Objective Reality -- III. Symbols -- IV. Objective Experience -- V. Concepts and Other Categories of Thought -- Two / Analysis of Meaning -- VI. Meaning as a Complex of Relationships -- VII. Mental Meaning -- VIII. Objective Meaning -- IX. Linguistic Meaning -- X. Practical Meaning -- Three / Meaning and Communication -- XI. The Genesis of Signs and Meaning -- XII. General Definition of Meaning: The Interrelationships of the Individual Dimensions of Meaning -- XIII. Conditions of Effective Communication -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: This prize monograph was a pioneering work among Marxist philosophers, East and West, twenty-five years ago. To our mind, the work would have been received with respect and pleasure by philosophers of many viewpoints if it had been known abroad then. Now, revised for this English-language editiJn by our dear and honored colleague Mihailo Markovic, it is still admirable, still the insightful and stimulating accomplishment of a pioneering philosophical and scientific mind, still resonating to the three themes of technical mastery, humane purpose, political critique. Markovic has always worked with the scientific and the humanist disci­ plines inseparably, a faithful as well as a creative man oflate twentieth century thOUght. Reasoning is to be studied as any other object of investigation would be: empirically, theoretically, psychologically, historically, imaginatively. But the entry is often through the study of meaning, in language and in life. In his splendid guide into the work before us, his Introduction, Markovic shows his remarkable ability as the teacher, motivating, clarifying, sketching the whole, illuminating the detail, Critically situating the problem within a practical understanding of the tool oflanguage.
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    ISBN: 9789400963009
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (212p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series in Philosophy 30
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 30
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Religion—Philosophy.
    Abstract: 1 / Does Suffering Serve Valuable Ends? -- 2 / The Cosmological Argument -- 3 / The Design Argument -- 4 / A Moral Argument -- 5 / A Modal Argument -- 6 / Is God’s Existence Logically Possible? -- 7 / Descartes’s Meditation V Argument -- 8 / Agnosticism -- 9 / God and Perceptual Skepticism -- Appendix / Two Arguments of St. Anselm -- Notes -- A Research Bibliography.
    Abstract: In this book, I discuss the question whether God exists, not as a Tillichian religious symbol, but as an actual person, albeit a person who is very different from you and me. My procedure is to examine arguments bdth for and against God's existence qua person and to assess their relative merits. I shall try to show that there is more evidence that God exists than that he does not. This position is, of course, rejected nowadays, even by most religious thinkers, who hold, for one reason or another, that evidence has nothing to do with religious belief, properly understood. My reply to these thinkers is simply to ask them to examine what follows. A useful companion to Chapters 4, 5, 6, 7, and the Appendix of this book would be Alvin Plantinga's The Nature of Necessity.l Though I avoid technical terminology wherever possible, those chapters presuppose an elementary understanding of 'possible worlds' discourse; and a clear and concise explanation of that terminology can be found in Chapter IV of Plantinga's book. Also, I use 'logical' throughout to mean what Plantinga means by 'broadly logical' on page 2 of The Nature of Necessity.
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    ISBN: 9789400961135
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (280p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H.L. van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 95
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology
    Abstract: The Intentional Approach to Ontology -- The Question of the Rationality of Social Interaction -- Time-consciousness and Historical Consciousness -- The Aesthetic Object as “Die Sache selbst” -- The Implications of Merleau-Ponty’s Thought for the Practice of Psychotherapy -- The Hidden Dialectic in Edmund Husserl’s Phenomenology -- Time Structure in Social Communality -- Hegel’s Image of Phenomenology -- Phenomenology and the Phenomenon of Technology -- Piaget and Freud: Two Approaches to the Unconscious -- Husserl, Frege and the Overcoming of Psychologism -- Phenomenological Reduction and the Sciences -- Variations of the Transcendentalism -- The Identities of the Things Themselves -- Husserl’s Transcendental Phenomenology and History -- Marvin Farber’s Contribution to the Phenomenological Movement: An International Perspective -- Contributors -- Index of subjects -- Index of names.
    Abstract: The articles included in this volume originate from contributions to the International Conference on Philosophy and Science in Phenomenologi­ cal Perspecllve, held in Buffalo in March 1982. The occasion had been to honor the late Professor Marvin Farber, a long time distinguished member of the Department of Philosophy, State University of New York at Buffalo. and the Founding Editor of the journal, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research. Many of the papers were subsequently rewritten, expanded or other­ wise edited to be published in the series Phaenomenoiogica. The articles lIy Professor Frings and Professor Rotenstreich had not been presented at the conference, although they were originally invited papers. We regret that not all papers submitted to the conference, including com­ ments, could be accommodated in this volume. Nonetheless, our sincere gratitude is due to all participants who have made the conference a memorable and worthy event. nt of Philosophy, State University of New York at The Departme Buffalo, as the sponsor of the conference, wishes to acknowledge the grants from the Conferences in the Disciplines Program, Conversations in the Disciplines Program, and the International Studies of the State University of New York at Buffalo, as well as for a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities. The International Phenomenological Society, with Professor Roderick Chisholm succeeding Marvin Farber as its president, co-sponsored the conference.
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    ISBN: 9789400961845
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    Pages: Online-Ressource (360p) , digital
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    Series Statement: Nijhoff International Philosophy Series 17
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Metaphysics. ; Philosophy, Ancient. ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: 1. Introduction: John Wisdom and the Breadth of Philosophy -- 2. What is there in Horse Racing? -- 3. Mr. Köllerstr#x00F6;m’s Dream: Enlightenment and Happiness -- 4. Wonders -- 5. Saints and Supererogation -- 6. Wisdom on Aesthetics: Superstructure and Substructure -- 7. The Art of Saying what can be Imagined -- 8. Our Knowledge of Other People -- 9. Psycho-Analysis and Philosophy -- 10. Discipline and Discipleship -- 11. The Scope of Reason: Wisdom, Kuhn and James -- 12. Generality and the Importance of the Particular Case -- 13. Universals: Logic and Metaphor -- 14. From Epistemology to Romance via Wisdom -- 15. Philosophy and Scepticism.
    Abstract: JOHN WISDOM AND THE BREADTH OF PHILOSOPHY hham Dhman 1. THE ESSAYS IN THIS VOLUME The essays following the two pieces by John Wisdom have all been written by philosophers who are former students or friends of Wisdom or who have a high regard for his work. Their contributions were all written with him in mind and to be discussed at a conference honouring his work. This conference was held in August 1983 at Trinity College, Cambridge, of which Wisdom has been a fellow since 1935. Wisdom is a master of discursive reasoning and one of his distinctive contributions in philosophy has been to examine its various forms and their interconnections, particularly the form it takes in philosophical inquiry and the way it advances our understanding there. His concern to bring out the links between all that is abstract in such reasoning and the concrete and particular is well known and represented in many of the essays in this volume. But Wisdom has also a deep appreciation of the kind of understanding that is advanced non-discursively. As he puts it in the first piece in this volume: However skilled a good critic 'I am sure that much of what makes "Hamlet" "Hamlet" will run between his fingers'. He has himself advanced our understanding on many questions in philosophy in this way, not simply by what he has said, but also by what he has suggested 'between the lines'.
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    ISBN: 9789400964969
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 201 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Historical Library, Text and Study in the History of Logic and Philosophy 26
    Series Statement: Synthese Historical Library 26
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    Keywords: History
    Abstract: Notes -- Rules for Solving Sophisms, Chapter 5: On Maxima and Minima -- 1: Introduction and basic notions -- 2: Conditions under which limits exist -- 3: Rules for the choice of limit in each case. -- 4: Objections and replies concerning the general program -- 5: Objections and replies concerning the conditions under which limits exist -- 6: Objections and replies concerning the choice of limits -- Notes -- Treatise Concerning Maxima and Minima -- 1: The four-fold distinction -- 2: Exposition of the members of the distinction -- 3: Requirements for correct application of the division -- 4: Rules for choosing the correct part of the division -- 5: Doubts concerning what has been said -- Notes -- Tractatus de Maximo et Minimo -- Study -- 1. The nature of Heytesbury’s “De maximo et minimo” and his theory -- 2. The tradition behind the theory -- 3. The fundamentals of the theory -- 4. Conditions for the existence of a limit -- 5. The choice of limit -- 6. Conclusion -- Notes -- Indices -- Index of names and topics -- Index of sophismata -- Scholars cited.
    Abstract: This book began with my edition of the anonymous treatise. A translation and notes seemed essential if the material of the treatise was to be understood. It then seemed that Chapter 5 of Heytesbury's Rules for Solving Sophismata, on which the treatise was based, should also be included. My translation of the Heytesbury treatise is based on a fifteenth-century edition, supplemented by readings from a few of the better manuscripts. (A critical edition from all the manuscripts, of which Chapter 5 will be mine, is now in progress under the supervision of Paul Spade, but only a few insignificant changes in the translation should be necessitated by the completed edition. ) An examination of related materials seemed reasonable, and these included Heytesbury's commentator Gaetano, as well as a chapter from a treatise by Johannes Venator (in an edition in progress provided by Francesco del Punta). It seemed unnecessary to publish Gaetano's and Venator's related works in this volume, but all their departures from Heytesbury and the anonymous treatise are noted here. I have not examined other works in the tradition in any detail. I owe a great deal to my teacher, Norman Kretzmann, not only as regards the edition and translations, but also as regards the notes, study and introduction. The referees of the typescript (to me unknown) made unusually thorough criticisms and suggestions to which I have paid close attention. The book is far better for my having done so.
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    ISBN: 9789400962712
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (268p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Annual Bibliography of Indian Archaeology 23
    Series Statement: Annual Bibliography of Indian Archaelogy 23
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    Keywords: Regional planning ; Archaeology ; Ethnology. ; Culture. ; History.
    Abstract: I. General -- A. Bibliographies -- B. Handbooks and General Works -- C. Collections of Various Articles, Commemoration Volumes, Congress Papers, etc. -- D. Catalogues, Museum Collections and Museology -- E. Applied Sciences, Restoration Techniques, Dating Methods and Material Analysis -- II. India and the Regions within its Cultural Influence -- A. 1. General -- A. 2. Activities of Museums and Activities of Societies -- B. Relations with other Cultural Regions -- III. The Indian Subcontinent -- A. General -- B. Archaeology -- C. Historical Studies -- D. Arts -- IV. Regions within the Sphere of Indian Cultural Influence -- A. General -- B. Sri Lanka (Ceylon) -- C. South-East Asia -- D. Indonesian Archipelago -- E. Afghanistan and Central Asia -- F. Nepal -- G. Tibet -- V. Commemorative and Obituary Notices.
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  • 126
    ISBN: 9789400961166
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (328p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idees / International Archives of the History of Ideas 104
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 104
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: History ; Religion. ; Philosophy, Modern.
    Abstract: I. Prehistory, from 1564 to about 1670 -- 1. Introductory; Pierre Viret’s ‘déistes’ at Lyon, and two characters in Bodin -- 2. The 1620s: Mersenne and the ‘poème des déistes’ -- 3. The absence of deistic ideas from 1630 to 1670 -- II. The later seventeenth century: precursors and definitions, from Saint-Evremond to Bayle -- 4. Saint-Evremond and the decline of fideism -- 5. The Utopian religions of Foigny and Veiras -- 6. Definitions and accusations, 1670–1700; ‘deism’ as a term of opprobrium -- 7. The Turkish Spy -- III. The first French deists, 1700–1715 -- 8. Gilbert’s Calejava: rational deism with Protestant overtones -- 9. Lahontan and Gueudeville: natural religion from Canada -- 10. The anti-Christian deism of the Militaire philosophe -- 11. The Examen de la religion and other clandestine works -- 12. Tyssot de Patot: types of deism and religious criticism -- IV. Deistic ideas in the early works of Montesquieu and Voltaire -- 13. Montesquieu: Lettres persanes -- 14. Voltaire: Lettres philosophiques -- 15. Conclusions -- Biography -- Literary allusions -- Religious attitudes -- Bibliography: 1. Manuscripts and published works discussed in the text as examples or precursors of deism -- 2. Editions, used for reference, of works by major authors -- 3. Secondary authorities, cited in the notes or of general interest for the subject; excluding works cited in the Appendix.
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  • 127
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400962545
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (320p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 79
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 79
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Abstract: Creativity and Criticism in Science and Politics -- The Social Base of Scientific Theory and Practice -- Transcendental Realism and Rational Heuristics: Critical Rationalism and the Problem of Method -- How to Accept Fallible Test Statements? Popper’s Criticist Solution -- Logical Strength and Demarcation -- Xenophanes: A Forerunner of Critical Rationalism? -- The Social Roots of Modern Egalitarianism -- Explication and Implications of the Placebo Concept -- Analytic and Synthetic Philosophy -- Ethical Problems in Science Communication -- A Philosophical Conception of Finality in Biology -- The Justification of Scientific Progress -- Against Induction: One of Many Arguments -- The Problem of Ideology and Critical Rationalism -- Poincaré versus Le Roy on Incommensurability -- On Early Forms of Critical Rationalism -- Gerard Radnitzky: From Positivism, via Critical Theory, to Critical Rationalism -- Notes on Contributors -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: This remarkable collection of essays, diverse but united by the theme of critical reasoning, testifies to the attention and respect paid by the authors to the philosophical career of Gerard Radnitzky. We, too, greet Professor Radnitzky for his decades of intellectual labor devoted to the establishment of rational analysis of human problems. Not least of his concerns has been to understand what it is to be rational, to disentangle the apparently rational and the genuine, to separate dogma from justified belief, to cherish imagination while seeking its test. If Radnitzky has long been known for his careful elaboration of the spectrum of modem approaches to epistemology, those who have gathered to celebrate his work in this volume will also be widely known for their own writings on this matter of critical methodology. Their signposts (or are they warning lights?) will be familiar to thoughtful philosophers and scientists, and they appear as queries as we read these papers: the rational heuristic and the irrational heuristic? accepting the fallible? differing societies but one rational cognitive practice? accepting evidence which is placebogenic? choosing among the incommensurables? what remains of the logic of demarcation? purpose in nature? progress of science? rationality in politics? a humane reasonableness and a critical rationalism? Gunnar Andersson sets the focus well for the reader. We need not choose between dogmatism and relativism, he argues. And then he tells the political lesson: we might avoid both anarchy and despotism.
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  • 128
    ISBN: 9789401576994
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 147 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Monographs, Continued As Sociology of the Sciences Library 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Science—History.
    Abstract: Communities and Hierarchies: Structure in the Practice of Science and Technology -- Paradigms, Revolutions, and Technology -- Organizational Aspects of Technological Change -- Cognitive Change in Technology and Science -- Notes Towards a Philosophy of the Science/Technology Interaction -- The Structure of Technological Change: Reflections on a Sociological Analysis of Technology -- Author Index.
    Abstract: One of the ironies of our time is the sparsity of useful analytic tools for understanding change and development within technology itself. For all the diatribes about the disastrous effects of technology on modern life, for all the equally uncritical paeans to technology as the panacea for human ills, the vociferous pro- and anti-technology movements have failed to illuminate the nature of technology. On a more scholarly level, in the midst of claims by Marxists and non-Marxists alike about the technological underpinnings of the major social and economic changes of the last couple of centuries, and despite advice given to government and industry about managing science and technology by a small army of consultants and policy analysts, technology itself remains locked inside an impenetrable black box, a deus ex machina to be invoked when all other explanations of puzzling social and economic pheoomena fail. The discipline that has probably done most to penetrate that black box in recent years by studying the 1 internal development of technology is history. Historians of technology and certain economic historians have carried out careful and detailed studies on the genesis and impact of technological innovations, and the structu-re of the social systems associated with those innovations. Within the past few decades tentative consensus about the periodization and the major traditions within the history of technology has begun to emerge, at least as far as Britain and America in the eighteenth and nineteenth century are concerned.
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  • 129
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    ISBN: 9789400962361
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (244p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 44
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 44
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: First Investigation -- The Indicative Gesture as the Original Form of Consciousness -- Second Investigation -- Syncretic Language -- Third Investigation -- Marxism and Psychoanalysis — The Origins of the Oedipal Crisis -- Notes -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: Tran Duc Thao, a wise and learned scientist and an eminent Marxist philoso­ pher, begins this treatise on the origins of language and consciousness with a question: "One of the principal difficulties of the problem of the origin of consciousness is the exact determination of its beginnings. Precisely where must one draw the line between the sensori-motor psychism of animals and the conscious psychism that we see developing in man?" And then he cites Karl Marx's famous passage about 'the bee and the architect' from Capital: ... what distinguishes the worst architect from the best of bees is this, that the architect raises his structure in the imagination before he erects it in reality. At the end of every labor process, we get a result that already existed in the imagination of the laborer at its commencement. (Capital, Vol. I, p. 178, tr. Moore and Aveling) Thao follows this immediately with a second question: "But is this the most elementary form of consciousness?" Thus the conundrum concerning the origins of consciousness is posed as a circle: if human consciousness pre­ supposes representation (of the external reality, of mental awareness, of actions, of what it may), and if this consciousness emerges first with the activity of production using tools, and if the production of tools itself pre­ supposes representation - that is, with an image of what is to be produced in the mind of the producer - then the conditions for the origins of human.
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  • 130
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401576901
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXI, 464 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Nijhoff International Philosophy Series 18
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: One: Science, Speculation, and Logic -- Two: The Philosophical Analysis of Mathematics -- Three: Ambiguity and Analysis -- Four: The Origin of Dialectical Ambiguity -- Five: Theoretical Reason -- Six: On The Supposed Primacy of the Practical -- Seven: Philosophical Dialectic -- Notes.
    Abstract: The present book was written some twenty years ago but it has not lost its topicality, for it contains an important re-assessment of the relations of two main­ streams of contemporary philosophy - the Analytical and the Dialectic. Adherents and critics of these traditions tend to assurnethat they are diametrically opposed, that their roots, concerns and approaches contradict each other, and that no reconciliation is possible. In contradistinction Russell derives both traditions from the common root of the dissatisfaction with the arguments against speculative philosophy. These according to the author leave a lacuna - certain elementsof our Weltanschaaung have been removed, but they cannot be removed without replacement lest we have an incomplete world view, so incomplete in fact that it cannot be viable. According to Russell part of this vacuum is taken up by the analytical tradition but this tradition is not capable of taking up the remainder of it. That portion of the vacant space is however taken up by the dialectical tradi­ tion, which in turn cannot itself handle the whole of the problem. Thus the two reactions to the demise of speculative philosophy appear to be complementary in at least this sense. But the author goes further, for according to hirn the analytical arguments themselves clearly point to the emergence of dialectical problems, and the dialectical problems themselves need some such background to arise.
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  • 131
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400960893
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (268p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Nijhoff International Philosophy Series 13
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Mathematics. ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: Ontology without Axioms -- Le?niewski’s Analysis of Russell’s Paradox -- Logic and Existence -- Le?niewski’s Calculus of Names -- On Le?niewski’s Ontology -- Ontology: Lesniewski’s Logical Language -- On Le?niewski’s Elementary Ontology -- Studies in Le?niewski’s Mereology -- On the Definition of Mereological Class -- Consistency of Le?niewski’s Mereology -- The Dependence of a Mereological Axiom -- Relation of Le?niewski’s Mereology to Boolean Algebra -- Index of Names.
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  • 132
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401169431
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Environmental Resource Management Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I -- Soil Profile Descriptions -- Soil Maps -- Laboratory Analyses -- Soil Taxonomy -- Computerized Groupings of Soils -- Projects -- Photographs -- First Exam -- II -- Engineering Applications -- Waste Disposal -- Agricultural Land Classification -- Erosion Control -- Yield Correlations -- Farm Planning -- Community Planning -- III -- Soil Potentials -- Soil Variability -- Sequential Testing -- Land Uses and Soils -- Tragedy of the Commons -- Strategic Implications -- Military Campaigns -- Research -- Predictions -- Soils Tours -- Slide Sets -- Final Exam -- Evaluation.
    Abstract: The success of the book Soils and the Environment imagination in the applications of soil surveys, illustrates the need for further, more detailed toward the end of improving productivity and information about soil survey interpretations (uses efficiency in the use of soils and the environment. of soil surveys), especially for laypersons, teachers, Although laypersons, teachers, and students are the and students. Much information about soils and primary groups addressed by this Field Guide, the environment is secluded in offices of various other people involved with using soil surveys are agencies and institutions and thus is not readily (or will be) agriculturalists, agronomists, assessors, available to the people who need it. Techniques for botanists, conservationists, contractors, ecologists, finding and using the information are also not well economists, engineers, extension workers, fores­ known, so there is great need for this Field Guide ters, geologists, groundwater experts, planners, to Soils and the Environment to provide teachers politicians, public health officials, range managers, and learners with exercises that will give them recreationists, soil scientists, wildlife specialists, and many others. This Field Guide complements practice leading to confidence in the manipulation and enhances the book Soils and the Environment and utilization of soil survey data. In a sense, all published in 1981. of us are (or should be) learners and teachers in the use of soil survey information. This Field Guide DONALD R.
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  • 133
    ISBN: 9789400964815
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (688p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 176
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Science Philosophy ; Ethics ; Law—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Abstract: 1: Theory of Science and Theory of Law -- Synopsis -- Recent Trends in the Philosophy of Science -- Legal Dogmatics as a Scientific Paradigm -- Paradigms in Legal Dogmatics Towards a Theory of Change and Progress in Legal Science -- Pragmatic Metatheory for Legal Science -- On Making Implicit Methodologies Explicit -- 2: Ontology and Epistomology in Legal Science -- Synopsis -- Ought, Reasons, Motivation, and the Unity of the Social Sciences: The Meta-theory of the Ought-Is Problem -- Legal Data. An Essay about the Ontology of Law -- Pluralis Juris -- Changes of Paradigm in the Law -- Legal Norms: a Transformational Approach -- Epistemology and Validity in Law -- Is Law a System of Enactments? -- The Concept of “Fact” in the Physical Sciences and in Law -- 3: Objectivity and Rationality of Legal Justification -- Synopsis -- Objectivity in the Social Sciences -- Objectivity and Rationality in Lawyer’s Reasoning -- Coherence in Legal Justification -- Paradigms of Justifying Legal Decisions -- Monism, Pluralism, Relativism and Right Answers in the Law -- Discovery and Justification in Science and Law -- Reasons and Causes in Connection with Judicial Decisions -- 4: Technical Rationality in the Law -- Synopsis -- Legal Rationality Among Different Types of Rationality -- Paradigms of Legal Research; Empirical Science and Legal Dogmatics -- Goal Reasons in Common Law Cases — Are They Predictive? -- Teleological Construction of Statutes -- Reason, Law and History -- The Rule of Law in Legal Reasoning -- 5: Some Special Topics Concerning Rationality and Legitimacy in the Law -- Synopsis -- An Ubiquitous Paralogism in Legal Thinking -- Power of Tolerance — On the Legitimacy of a Legal System -- Sir Edward Coke’s Legal Conservatism -- Popper’s Criterion of Refutability in the Legal Context -- 6: Criticism and Developments in Particular Areas of the Law: Property, Contracts, and Torts -- Synopsis -- Theory Choice and Contract Law -- Trends in Legal Science Relating to Contracts and Torts -- The Economics of Trade Laws -- 7: Interdisciplinary Bridges between Legal Research and Other Sciences -- Synopsis -- On Bridging the So-Called Gap Between Normative Legal Dogmatics and Empirical-Theoretical Social Science -- Towards an Interdisciplinary Theory of Law -- Legal Science and Hermeneutic Point of View -- Legal Theory and Social Science -- Integration Between Legal Research and Social Science -- 8: Analysis of Legal Norms and Juristic Propositions -- Synopsis -- Karl Olivecrona’s Theory of Legal Rules as Independent Imperatives -- Norms of Competence in Scandinavian Jurisprudence -- A Tentative Analysis of Two Juristic Sentences -- 9: Logical and Preference-Theoretical Structures in the Law -- Synopsis -- Automated Analysis of Legislation -- Rights and Practical Possibilities -- Requirements, Urgency, and Worth -- The Property Right of Sweden Today — Or a Requiem over an Outdated Way of Argueing -- List of Participants -- Index of Names.
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    ISBN: 9789401096126
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Collection Fondée Par H.L. Van Breda et Publiée Sous le Patronage des Centres D’Archives-Husserl 92
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 92
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology
    Abstract: One: Epistemology and Ontology -- Structuring the Phenomenological Field: Reflections on a Daubert Manuscript -- Phenomenology and Relativism -- Memory and Phenomenological Method -- “Plato’s Cave”, Flatland and Phenomenology -- Time and Time-Consciousness -- Two: Social and Political Life -- “Left” and “Right” as Socio-Political Stances -- A Phenomenology of Coercion and Appeal -- Phenomenology as Psychic Technique of Non-Resistance -- The Self in Question -- Existential Phenomenology and Applied Philosophy -- Three: Aesthetic, Ethical, and Religious Values -- The Good and the Beautiful -- The Retributive Attitude and the Moral Life -- Kindness -- The Phenomenology of Symbol: Genesis I and II -- Epilogue: For the Third Generation of Phenomenologists Contributing to this Volume.
    Abstract: by Wolfe Mays It is a great pleasure and honour to write this preface. I first became ac­ quainted with Herbert Spiegelberg's work some twenty years ago, when in 1960 I reviewed The Phenomenological Movement! for Philosophical Books, one of the few journals in Britain that reviewed this book, which Herbert has jok­ ingly referred to as "the monster". I was at that time already interested in Con­ tinental thought, and in particular phenomenology. I had attended a course on phenomenology given by Rene Schaerer at Geneva when I was working there in 1955-6. I had also been partly instrumental in getting Merleau-Ponty to come to Manchester in 1958. During his visit he gave a seminar in English on politics and a lecture in French on "Wittgenstein and Language" in which he attacked Wittgenstein's views on language in the Tractatus. He was apparently unaware of the Philosophical Investigations. But it was not until I came to review Herbert's book that I appreciated the ramifications of the movement: its diverse strands of thought, and the manifold personalities involved in it. For example, Herbert mentions one Aurel Kolnai who had written on the "Phenomenology of Disgust'!, and which had appeared in Vol. 10 of Husserl's Jahrbuch. It was only after I had been acquainted for some time with Kolnai then in England, that I realised that 2 Herbert had written about him in the Movement. The Movement itself contains a wealth of learning.
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  • 135
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    ISBN: 9789400962774
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in the History of Modern Science 14
    DDC: 530.01
    Keywords: Physics ; Science Philosophy ; History
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  • 136
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400963405
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (320p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences a Yearbook 8
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 8
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; History.
    Abstract: I Introduction -- Science and Utopia: On the Social Ordering of the Future -- II Science and Utopia in History -- Science and Utopia: The History of a Dilemma -- Elias Artista: A Precursor of the Messiah in Natural Science -- The Explosion of the Circle: Science and Negative Utopia -- III Socialism, Science and Utopia -- From Utopia to Science? The Development of Socialist Theory between Utopia and Science -- Bogdanov’s Red Star: An Early Bolshevik Science Utopia -- IV Utopias in Practice -- Automata: A Masculine Utopia -- Making Dreams Come True — An Essay on the Role of Practical Utopias in Science -- Eugenic Utopias: Blueprints for the Rationalization of Human Evolution -- Artificial Intelligence and Industrial Robots: An Automatic End for Utopian Thought? -- V Utopian Modes -- Meddling with ‘Politicks’ — Some Conjectures about the Relationship between Science and Utopia -- Science and Power for What? -- Science and Utopia in Late 20th Century Pluralist Democracy, with a Special Reference to the U.S.A. -- Epilogue -- Vespers -- Name Index.
    Abstract: Just fifty years ago Julian Huxley, the biologist grandson of Thomas Henry Huxley, published a book which easily could be seen to represent the prevail­ ing outlook among young scientists of the day: If I were a Dictator (1934). The outlook is optimistic, the tone playfully rational, the intent clear - allow science a free hand and through rational planning it could bring order out of the surrounding social chaos. He complained, however: At the moment, science is for most part either an intellectual luxury or the paid servant of capitalist industry or the nationalist state. When it and its results cannot be fitted into the existing framework, it and they are ignored; and furthermore the structure of scientific research is grossly lopsided, with over-emphasis on some kinds of science and partial or entire neglect of others. (pp. 83-84) All this the scientist dictator would set right. A new era of scientific human­ ism would provide alternative visions to the traditional religions with their Gods and the civic religions such as Nazism and fascism. Science in Huxley's version carries in it the twin impulses of the utopian imagination - Power and Order. Of course, it was exactly this vision of science which led that other grand­ son of Thomas Henry Huxley, the writer Aldous Huxley, to portray scientific discovery as potentially subversive and scientific practice as ultimately en­ slaving.
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  • 137
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    ISBN: 9789400963092
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 304 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, An International Series in the Philosophy and Methodology of the Social and Behavioral Sciences 39
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library 39
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Social sciences Methodology ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Abstract: Notes on Vagueness and Mathematics -- Fuzzy Set Theory: Some Aspects of the Early Development -- Plausibility Measures – A General Framework for Possibility and Fuzzy Probability Measures -- Controlled-Error Theories of Proximity and Dominance -- Impartial Truth -- A Geometry of Logic -- Representations of Transitive Fuzzy Relations -- Fuzziness and Fuzzy Equality -- Large Societies and Individual Strategy Selection: A Case Study of Ambiguity -- The Alternative Set Theory and its Approach to Cantor’s Set Theory -- Aspects of Vagueness and Some Epistemological Problems Related to their Formalization -- An Inquiry into Indistinguishability Operators -- A Theory of Commonsense Knowledge -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: The Second World Conference on Mathematics at the Service of Man was held at the Universidad Politecnica de Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain, June 28 to July 3, 1982. The first volume of the Proceedings of the Conference, entitled "Functional Equations-Theory and Applications" has appeared in the Reidel series "Mathematics and Its Applications". The papers in this volume consist of the invited lectures delivered at the Conference, Section 7: Non-Classical Logics and Modelling, as well as some selected papers which offer an introduction to the philosophy, methodology and to the lite­ rature of the broad and fascinating field of vagueness, imprecision and uncertainty. The contributed papers appeared in the volume of photo-offset preprints distributed at the Conference. It is our hope that the papers present a good sample with respect to the background, the formalism and practice of this area of research as far as we understand it today. As the subject "Vagueness" touches many aspects of human thinking, the contributions have been made from a broad spectrum ranging from philo~ophy through pure mathematics to probability theory and mathematical economics, therefore the careful reader should find some new insights here. In conclusion, the editors want to thank all authors who have contributed to this volume; the publishers of "Commenta­ tiones Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae" for permission to reprint the paper "Fuzziness and Fuzzy Equality", Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae 23 (1982), 249-267, and D. Reidel for friendly cooperation.
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  • 138
    ISBN: 9789400956483
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Series in Social Welfare 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Social groups. ; Sociology.
    Abstract: 1 Introduction -- Overview of the Book -- Notes and References -- 2 Studies of Decision Making in Child Welfare and Sources of Information for Decision Making -- Decision-Making Studies: A Brief Review -- Information -- Discussion -- Notes and References -- 3 Judgment and Decision Making -- Knowledge Structures and Judgmental Strategies -- Summary -- Discussion -- Notes and References -- 4 A Model for Decision Making -- The Program Environment -- Reception -- The Investigation -- Guidelines for Determining Whether a Child Is in Immediate Danger and, if so, Whether Protective Custody Is Necessary -- Determining Whether There Is Credible Evidence of Abuse or Neglect -- Notes and References -- 5 Description of the Illinois/West Virginia Project -- Project Implementation: The Field Test Sites -- The Research Hypotheses and Research Design -- Case Characteristics -- Training Workers for the Field Test -- Consultation with Project Workers and Supervisors -- Reliability -- Results -- Notes and References -- 6 The Process of Decision Making -- Decisions Made by Workers and Others: An Overview -- Summary of Decisions Mode by Workers -- The Decision Making Process -- Summary of Decision Making Process -- Notes and References -- 7 The Outcomes of Decision Making -- The Outcome of Using Structured Decision-Making Procedures -- Summary -- A Search for Predictor Variables -- A Finding of Credible Evidence -- Discussion -- Limitations of the Study -- Notes and References -- 8 Implications of the Study -- Implications for Child Welfare Practice -- Summary -- Implications for Administration -- Summary -- Implications for the Education of Child Welfare Workers -- Notes and References -- Subject/Author Index.
    Abstract: All countries confront the problem of providing for dependent, neglected, and 1 abused children. While the exact form of institutional response will differ in relation to a country's political and economic structure, its culture and its tradition, the same general kinds of child welfare services have been developed 2 everywhere. Literature from the United States, Canada, and several Western European countries reflects a shared concern about children who reside in unplanned, substitute care arrangements and a growing recognition of the importance of 3 making permanent plans for these children. The American response to this problem took shape in the early 1970s when government at the local, state, and 4 federal levels undertook to fund permanency planning projects. Permanency planning projects were charged with developing and testing procedures that would increase the likelihood that children would move out of substitute care arrangements into permanent family homes either through restoration to their biological families, termination of parental rights and subsequent adoption, court appointment of a legal guardian, or planned emancipation for older children. Long-term foster care, if it was a planned outcome supported by the use of written agreements between foster parents and child care agencies, was recognized as an appropriate option for some children. 2 DECISION MAKING IN CHILD WELFARE Permanency planning projects have had a direct effect on the substantive aspects of social work practice in child welfare.
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  • 139
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401174176
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (244p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Series in Social Welfare 6
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences
    Abstract: 1 Introduction -- 2 Theoretical Foundations for Practice -- 3 Methods of Assessment -- 4 Methods of Treatment -- 5 Problems of Anxiety -- 6 Problems of Demoralization -- 7 Problems of Identity and Meaning -- 8 Conclusions -- References.
    Abstract: The essential purpose of this book is to provide practitioners and students of the human service professions with a practice approach and methodology that has been developed over the past ten years in both research and clinical work with older persons. It is concerned with the kinds of emotional prob­ lems that are salient and pervasive in the second half of life, that is, from about the ages of 50 on into the 60s, 70s, and 80s. These problems are often related to inevitable developmental and situational events and losses, as well as the decrements and concerns that are prevalent in the latter decades of life: physical decline and illness, loss of loved ones, concerns about one's own mortality, loss of major occupational and family roles, and the issues of meaning in and about one's life which are raised by these losses and concerns. The approach to these problems will include a range of assessment and treatment methods for counseling and psychotherapy. It will, however, em­ phasize two particular kinds of methods for dealing with these problems. The first of these, cognitive methods, tend to focus on how older persons think about or construe these problems whereas phenomenological methods focus on how persons experience or feel about them. What is common to both is that they are oriented toward the person's perception of the prob­ lem.
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  • 140
    ISBN: 9789400960749
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (288p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Franz Rosenzweig: Gesammelte Schriften 4-1
    Series Statement: Franz Rosenzweig Gesammelte Schriften, Der Mensch und Sein Werk 4-1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Religion (General) ; Germanic languages ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Religion.
    Abstract: Vorwort -- Vorwort -- Die 95 Hymnen und Gedichte -- Gott -- Seele -- Volk -- Zion -- Verzeichnis der in den Anmerkungen angeführten Bibelstellen -- Namensverzeichnis.
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  • 141
    ISBN: 9789400962835
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (292p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Medicine 16
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; medicine Philosophy ; Medical ethics ; Anthropology ; Medicine—Philosophy. ; Bioethics.
    Abstract: Section I / On the Concepts of Health and Disease -- An Equilibrium Model of Health -- Comments on Pörn’s ‘An Equilibrium Model of Health’ -- On the Circle of Health -- Comments on Nordenfelt’s ‘On the Circle of Health’ -- Clinical Problems and the Concept of Disease -- Comments on Engelhardt’s ‘Clinical Problems and the Concept of Disease’ -- Health and Disease from the Point of View of the Clinical Laboratory -- Section II / On Definition and Classification in Medicine -- A Critique of Essentialism in Medicine -- Comments on Jensen’s ‘A Critique of Essentialism in Medicine’ -- Psychiatric Classification: The Status of So-Called “Diagnostic Criteria” -- Comments on Malmgren’s ‘Psychiatric Classification: The Status of So-Called “Diagnostic Criteria”’ -- Section III / On Causal Thinking in Medicine -- A. Causal Analysis -- Criteria of Causal Association in Epidemiology -- Comments on Ahlbom’s ‘Criteria of Causal Association in Epidemiology’ -- About Causation in Medicine: Some Shortcomings of a Probabilistic Account of Causal Explanations -- B. Causal Selection -- Models of Causation in Epidemiology -- On the Selection of Causes of Death: An Analysis of WHO’s Rules for Selection of the Underlying Cause of Death -- Disease from a Historical and Social Point of View: Some Remarks Based on the Needs of Preventive Medicine -- Comments on Larsen’s ‘Disease from a Historical and Social Point of View’ -- The Causal Basis of the Current Disease Classification -- Comments on Wulff’s ‘The Causal Basis of the Current Disease Classification’ -- What is a Genetic Disease? On the Relative Importance of Causes -- Comments on Hesslow’s ‘What is a Genetic Disease?’ -- C. Causal Explanation -- A Pragmatic Concept of Causal Explanation -- Comments on Sadegh-zadeh’s ‘A Pragmatic Concept of Causal Explanation’ -- D. Other Topics on Causality -- Holistic Medicine as a Method of Causal Explanation, Treatment, and Prevention in Clinical Work: Obstacle or Opportunity for Development? -- Causes, Effects, and Side Effects: Choosing Between the Better and the Best -- Notes on the Philosophy of Medicine in Scandinavia -- Notes on Contributors.
    Abstract: On May 13-15, 1982, some 50 scientists and scholars - physicians, philos­ ophers and social scientists - convened at Hasselby Castle in Stockholm for the first Nordic Symposium on the Philosophy of Medicine. The topics for the symposium included (1) the concepts of health and disease, (2) classification in medicine, and (3) causality and causal explanations in medicine. The majority of the participants were Scandinavian but the symposium was also able to welcome four distinguished guests from other parts of the world, Professors Stuart F. Spicker and H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr., U.S.A., Dr Anne M. Fagot, France, and Dr Werner Morbach, West Germany. The latter represented Professor Kazem Sadegh-zadeh, who unfortunately was prevented from attending. One of the main purposes of this symposium was to bring together people in Scandinavia who at present work within the field of Philosophy of Medi­ cine. This group is still relatively small but is growing rapidly, and the scholarly activity has recently been notable. This fact is clearly demonstrated by the presentation of 'Philosophy of Medicine in Scandinavia' in the Appendix of this volume.
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  • 142
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400956520
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Series in Social Welfare 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Economics ; Operations research.
    Abstract: 1 Introduction Ronald Clarke and Tim Hope -- 2 Residential burglary: a profile from the British Crime Survey -- 3 Target-hardening: how much of an answer? -- 4 Building design and burglary -- 5 Burglary in the community: patterns of localisation in offender-victim relations -- 6 Burglar mobility and crime prevention planning -- 7 Residential burglary and the community response -- 8 British public housing and crime — a review Michael Burbidge -- 9 Police anti-burglary strategies in the United States -- 10 Police burglary prevention experiments in the Netherlands -- 11 Constraints to burglary: the offender’s perspective -- 12 Crimes and claims: the case of burglary insurance -- 13 Meeting the needs of burglary victims: questions for the police and the criminal justice system -- 14 Assistance to victims of burglary -- Name Index.
    Abstract: This book contains the papers given at a workshop organised by the Home Office (England and Wales) on the subject of residential burglary. This is a topic of much public concern, and I welcome the Home Office initiative in mounting the workshop. The contributors were all researchers and crim­ inologists who have made a special study of burglary, and their brief was to consider the implications of their work for policy. As a policeman, I find their work of particular interest and relevance at this time when police per­ formance, as traditionally measured by the clear-up rate, is not keeping pace with the increase in the numbers of burglaries coming to police attention. The finding that increases in burglary are more reflective of the public's reporting habits than of any significant rise in the actual level of burglary helps with perspective but offers little comfort to policemen. The 600/0 in­ crease in the official statistics since 1970 is accompanied by a proportionate increase in police work in visiting victims, searching scenes of crime, writing crime reports, and completing other documentation. In some forces the point has been reached where available detective time is so taken up by the volume of visits and reports that there is little remaining for actual in­ vestigation. But because of the random and opportunist nature of burglary, it cannot be said with any confidence that increasing investigative capacity would make a significant and lasting impact on the overall burglary figures.
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  • 143
    ISBN: 9789400956568
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (368p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Evaluation in Education and Human Services 8
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Education ; Educational tests and measurements
    Abstract: 1 Introduction to Evaluation -- Objectives -- What Is Evaluation? -- Methods -- Standards -- History -- Roles in Evaluation Work -- Knowledge Test for Unit 1 -- Application Exercise -- Questions Without Answers -- References -- 2 An Analysis of Alternative Approaches to Evaluation -- Objectives -- Alternative Conceptualizations of Evaluation -- Pseudoevaluation -- Quasievaluations -- True Evaluations -- Conclusion -- Knowledge Test for Unit 2 -- Application Exercises -- Questions Without Answers -- References -- 3 Objectives-oriented Evaluation: The Tylerian Tradition -- Objectives -- The Intention of the Tylerian Approach -- Some Limitations of the Tylerian Approach -- Metfessel and Michael: An Extension of the Tylerian Approach -- Knowledge Test for Unit 2 -- Application Exercises -- Questions Without Answers -- References -- 4 Edward A. Suchman and the Scientific Approach to Evaluation -- Objectives -- Conceptual Aspects of Evaluation -- Methodological Aspects of Evaluation -- Evaluation and Program Administration -- Knowledge Test for Unit 4 -- Questions Without Answers -- References -- 5 Cronbach’s Designing Evaluations: A Synopsis -- Objectives -- to the Issues -- Cronbach’s Concepts of the Elements in an Evaluation Design: Uto -- Planning for Communication -- The Promise of Evaluation -- Knowledge Test for Unit 5 -- Application Exercises -- Questions Without Answers -- References -- 6 Stufflebeam’s Improvement-oriented Evaluation -- Objectives -- Some Personal History -- Development of the CIPP Model -- The PDK Study Committee’s Elaboration of CIPP Evaluation -- CIPP Compared to Other Recent Evaluation Proposals -- CIPP as a Strategy for Improving Systems -- An Overview of CIPP Categories -- Designing Evaluations -- Metaevaluation and Standards -- Conclusion -- Knowledge Test for Unit 6 -- Application Exercises -- Questions Without Answers -- References -- 7 Stake’s Client-centered Approach to Evaluation -- Objectives -- The Countenance Statement of Evaluation -- Format for Data Collection -- Responsive Evaluation -- General Observations -- Knowledge Test for Unit 7 -- Application Exercises -- Questions Without Answers -- References -- 8 T.R. Owens, R.L. Wolf: An Adversary Approach to Evaluation -- Objectives -- Intention of the Adversary Model -- One Form of the Adversary Approach: Wolf’s Judicial Model -- Pros and Cons of Adversary Evaluation -- Knowledge Test for Unit 8 -- Application Exercises -- Questions Without Answers -- References -- 9 Illuminative Evaluation: The Holistic Approach -- Objectives -- Traditional Evaluation: Seeds of Doubt -- Stake’s Concept of Evaluation as Portrayal -- Illuminative Evaluation: A Social-Anthropological Paradigm -- The Context of Educational Programs -- Organization and Methods of Illuminative Evaluation -- Reporting and Decision Making -- Problems Associated with Illuminative Evaluation -- Knowledge Test for Unit 9 -- Application Exercises -- Questions Without Answers -- References -- 10 Michael Scrlven’s Consumer-Oriented Approach to Evaluation -- Objectives -- Evaluation Defined -- Critique of Other Persuasions -- Formative and Summative Evaluation -- Amateur versus Professional Evaluation -- Intrinsic and Payoff Evaluation -- Goal-free Evaluation -- Needs Assessment -- The Key Evaluation Checklist -- Metaevaluation -- Evaluation Ideologies -- Professionalization of Evaluation -- Knowledge Test for Unit 10 -- Application Exercises -- Questions Without Answers -- References -- Indexes.
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  • 144
    ISBN: 9789401715928
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 282 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Logic ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: A Symmetric Approach to Axiomatizing Quantifiers and Modalities -- The Knowing Mathematician -- “Conservative” Kripke Closures -- Frege, Le?niewski, and Information Semantics on the Resolution of Antinomies -- De Finetti’s Probabilism -- Probability Functions and Their Assumption Sets — The Binary Case -- Logic and Reasoning -- Paradoxes -- Referential and Nonreferential Substitutional Quantifiers -- Foundations for Analysis and Proof Theory -- Chameleonic Languages -- Relational Model Systems: The Craft of Logic -- Realizability and Intuitionistic Logic.
    Abstract: The more traditional approaches to the history and philosophy of science and technology continue as well, and probably will continue as long as there are skillful practitioners such as Carl Hempel, Ernest Nagel, and th~ir students. Finally, there are still other approaches that address some of the technical problems arising when we try to provide an account of belief and of rational choice. - These include efforts to provide logical frameworks within which we can make sense of these notions. This series will attempt to bring together work from all of these approaches to the history and philosophy of science and technology in the belief that each has something to add to our understanding. The volumes of this series have emerged either from lectures given by authors while they served as honorary visiting professors at the City College of New York or from conferences sponsored by that institution. The City College Program in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology oversees and directs these lectures and conferences with the financial aid of the Association for Philosophy of Science, Psychotheraphy, and Ethics. MARTIN TAMNY RAPHAEL STERN PREFACE The papers in this collection stem largely from the conference 'Foun­ dations: Logic, Language, and Mathematics' held at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York on 14-15 November 1980.
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  • 145
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401714808
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 259 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Medicine 15
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; medicine Philosophy ; Medical ethics ; Public health ; Medicine—Philosophy. ; Bioethics.
    Abstract: Section I / Examining the Rights Tradition -- Rights and Borderline Cases -- Applying Moral Theory to the Retarded -- Joseph Margolis, John Rawls, and the Mentally Retarded -- Do the Retarded Have a Right Not to Be Eaten? A Rejoinder to Joseph Margolis -- The Rights of the Retarded -- Rights, Justice and the Retarded -- Section II / Respect and Labeling -- Respect and the Retarded: Issues of Valuing and Labeling -- Person Ascriptions, Profound Disabilities and Our Self-Imposed Duties: A Reply to Loretta Kopelman -- The World Gained and the World Lost: Labeling the Mentally Retarded -- Labeling the Mentally Retarded: A Reply to Laurence B. McCullough -- Section III / Theology and Philosophy of Religion -- Must God Create the Best? -- Parenting, Bonding, and Valuing the Retarded -- Responsibility for the Retarded: Two Theological Views -- Philosophical and Theological Perspectives on the Value of the Retarded: Responses to William F. May and John C. Moskop -- Section IV / Law and Public Policy -- The Legal Rights of Mentally Retarded Persons in Twentieth Century America -- Examining Legal Restrictions on the Retarded -- Who Speaks for the Retarded? -- Commentary on David J. Rothman’s ‘Who Speaks for the Retarded?’ -- Dilemmas in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit -- Health Care, Needs and Rights of Retarded Persons -- Notes on Contributors.
    Abstract: This volume offers a collection of writings on ethical issues regarding retarded persons. Because this important subject has been generally omitted from formal discussions of ethics, there is a great deal which needs to be addressed in a theoretical and critical way. Of course, many people have been very concerned with practical matters concerning the care of retarded persons such as what liberties, entitlements or advocacy they should have. Interestingly, because so much practical attention has been given to issues which are not discussed by ethical theorists, they offer a rare opportunity to evaluate ethical theories themselves. That is, certain theories which appear convincing on other subjects seem implausible when they are applied to reasoned and com­ pelling views we hold concerning retarded individuals. Our subject, then, has both practical and conceptual dimensions. More­ over, because it is one where pertinent information comes from many sources, contributors to this volume represent many fields, including philosophy, religion, history, law and medicine. We regret that it was not possible to include more points of view, like those of psychologists, sociologists, nurses and families. There is however, a good and longstanding literature on mental retardation from these perspectives.
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  • 146
    ISBN: 3499152924
    Language: German
    Pages: 281 Seiten , 19 cm
    Edition: Taschenbuchausg
    Series Statement: rororo 5292
    Keywords: Bildband ; Hamburg- Sankt Pauli ; Stadtleben ; Subkultur
    Note: Textbearbeitung Günter Handlögten und Inge Kramer , Lizenz des Kabel-Verl., Hamburg
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  • 147
    ISBN: 3499554011
    Language: German
    Pages: 220 S. , graph. Darst.
    Edition: Originalausg.
    Series Statement: Rowohlts Enzyklopädie 401
    Series Statement: Rowohlts Enzyklopädie
    DDC: 301.01
    RVK:
    Keywords: Geschichte ; Soziologie ; Soziologische Theorie ; Geschichte ; Einführung ; Einführung ; Einführung ; Soziologische Theorie ; Geschichte ; Soziologische Theorie ; Geschichte ; Soziologie ; Geschichte
    Note: Literaturverz.: S. 211 - 219
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  • 148
    ISBN: 3499153548
    Language: German
    Pages: 155 S. , Ill.
    Edition: Orig.-Ausg.
    Series Statement: Rororo 5354 : Rororo Aktuell : Frauen aktuell
    Series Statement: Rororo
    DDC: 305.40943
    RVK:
    Keywords: Sölle, Dorothee ; Trotta, Margarethe von ; Wieczorek-Zeul, Heidemarie ; Frauenemanzipation ; Gespräch ; Gespräch ; Interview
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  • 149
    Image
    Image
    Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt
    ISBN: 349803829X
    Language: German
    Pages: 127 S. , überw. Ill.
    Edition: 1. Aufl.
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Landy, Elliott ; Alltag, Brauchtum ; Photojournalism ; Photojournalists Biography ; Popular culture ; Rock musicians Portraits ; Fotografie ; USA ; United States Social life and customs 1945-1970 ; Bildband ; Biografie ; Landy, Elliott 1942- ; Fotografie
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  • 150
    Image
    Image
    Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt
    ISBN: 349803829X
    Language: German
    Pages: 127 S. , überw. Ill.
    Edition: 1. Aufl.
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Landy, Elliott ; Alltag, Brauchtum ; Photojournalism ; Photojournalists Biography ; Popular culture ; Rock musicians Portraits ; Fotografie ; USA ; United States Social life and customs 1945-1970 ; Bildband ; Biografie ; Bildband ; Biografie ; Landy, Elliott 1942- ; Fotografie
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  • 151
    Book
    Book
    Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt
    ISBN: 3-499-17278-X , 978-3-499-17278-6
    Language: German
    Pages: 294 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten
    Edition: Originalausgabe,19. - 22. Tausend
    Series Statement: rororo 7278
    Series Statement: rororo Sachbuch : Politische Erziehung 7278
    Keywords: Nordamerika USA ; Indianer, Nordamerika ; Schule ; Rassenkonflikt ; Diskriminierung ; Indianerpolitik ; Politik und Gesellschaft ; Politische Bewegung ; Geschichte, politische ; Beziehungen Indigenes Volk-Regierung
    Description / Table of Contents: Vorbemerkungen -- Überleben und Lernen - Überleben lernen -- Indianer sprechen -- Indianer und Nicht-Indianer -- Stichwörter zu Kultur und Zeitgeschichte -- Anhang
    Note: Filmographie, Diskographie, Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 279 - 294
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  • 152
    ISBN: 3498004794
    Language: German
    Pages: 223 S., , Ill , 30 cm
    Edition: 1. Aufl.
    DDC: 917.14/11044
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: James Bay / P.a. Künstlerisches Motiv ; Reisebeschreibung / Amerika ; Zeichnung ; Landschaft / i. d. Bildenden Kunst / Einz. Gebiete James Bay ; Wittenborn, Rainer ; Indians of North America ; James Bay Region ; Social conditions ; Indians of North America ; James Bay Region ; Government relations ; Indians of North America ; James Bay Region ; Social life and customs ; James Bay Region ; Social life and customs ; Bildband ; Reisebericht ; Bildband ; Reisebericht ; James Bay ; Umweltpolitik ; Elektrizitätserzeugung ; James Bay
    Note: Parallelsacht. in indian. Schr
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  • 153
    ISBN: 3499148331
    Language: German
    Pages: 218 S. , Ill.
    Edition: 19. - 22. Tsd.
    Series Statement: rororo 4833 : rororo panther
    Uniform Title: Lennon remembers
    RVK:
    Keywords: Ono, Yōko ; Lennon, John ; The Beatles ; Geschichte 1970 ; Interview ; Geschichte ; Lennon, John 1940-1980 ; Ono, Yōko 1933- ; Geschichte 1970 ; Interview ; The Beatles ; Geschichte
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  • 154
    ISBN: 3499176823
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 259 S. , Ill.
    Series Statement: Rororo 7682
    Series Statement: Rororo
    DDC: 781.66
    Keywords: Geschichte 1977-1981 ; Punk ; Anthologie ; Anthologie ; Anthologie ; Punk ; Geschichte 1977-1981 ; Anthologie
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  • 155
    Book
    Book
    Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt
    ISBN: 3499177668
    Language: German
    Pages: 293 S. , Ill.
    Edition: Orig.-Ausg.
    Series Statement: Rororo 7766
    Series Statement: Rororo
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Jazz-Rock ; Rockmusik ; Jazz ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Jazz-Rock ; Rockmusik ; Jazz
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  • 156
    ISBN: 3499177145
    Language: German
    Pages: 203 S. , 71 Ill. , 19 cm
    Edition: Orig.-Ausg.; Erw. u. verb. Neuaufl.
    Series Statement: Kulturgeschichte der Naturwissenschaften und der Technik
    Series Statement: rororo 7714
    Series Statement: Rororo
    Former Title: Frühere Ausg. u.d.T. Klemm, Friedrich: Kurze Geschichte der Technik
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Geschichte ; Technikgeschichte ; Technik ; Europa
    Note: Literaturverz. S. 190 - 196
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  • 157
    ISBN: 3498061615
    Language: German
    Pages: 125 S. , Ill.
    Edition: 9. - 11. Tsd.
    DDC: 305.420924
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Beauvoir, Simone de ; Frauenemanzipation ; Gespräch
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  • 158
    ISBN: 3499142686
    Language: German
    Pages: 121 S.
    Edition: 28. - 30. Tsd.
    Series Statement: Rororo 4268 : Rororo aktuell
    Series Statement: Frauen aktuell
    Series Statement: Rororo
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Foreign workers, Turkish ; Rural women Social conditions ; Women immigrants Social conditions ; Tradition ; Landfrau ; Türkin ; Soziale Situation ; Dorf ; Frau ; Ehefrau ; Türkischer Arbeitnehmer ; Deutschland ; Türkei ; Türkei ; Berlin ; Deutschland ; Provinz Afyonkarahisar ; Deutschland ; Türkin ; Türkei ; Frau ; Provinz Afyonkarahisar ; Dorf ; Frau ; Soziale Situation ; Berlin ; Türkin ; Soziale Situation ; Türkischer Arbeitnehmer ; Ehefrau ; Provinz Afyonkarahisar ; Landfrau ; Tradition
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  • 159
    ISBN: 3499177641
    Language: German
    Pages: 291 S. , Ill.
    Edition: Neuausgabe
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Kulturanthropologie ; Kulturanthropologie
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  • 160
    ISBN: 3499177145
    Language: German
    Pages: 203 S. , Ill.
    Edition: Erw. u. verb. Neuaufl. d. Ausg. Freiburg (Breisgau), 1961
    Series Statement: Kulturgeschichte der Naturwissenschaften und der Technik 14
    Series Statement: Rororo 7714=Rororo-Sachbuch.
    Series Statement: Kulturgeschichte der Naturwissenschaften und der Technik
    Series Statement: Rororo
    Former Title: Früher u.d.T. Klemm, Friedrich Kurze Geschichte der Technik
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Geschichte ; Geschichte ; Technik ; Europa ; Europa ; Technik ; Geschichte ; Technik ; Geschichte
    Note: Literaturverz. S. 190 - 196. - Orig.-Ausg. u.d.T.: Klemm, Friedrich: Kurze Geschichte der Technik
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  • 161
    ISBN: 3499177102
    Language: German
    Pages: 155 S. , Ill., graph. Darst.
    Edition: Orig.-Ausg.
    Series Statement: rororo 7710
    Series Statement: Kulturgeschichte der Naturwissenschaften und der Technik 10
    Series Statement: rororo
    Series Statement: Kulturgeschichte der Naturwissenschaften und der Technik
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Geschichte ; Werkstoffprüfung ; Werkstoffprüfung ; Geschichte ; Werkstoffprüfung
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  • 162
    ISBN: 3499177641
    Language: German
    Pages: 297 S. , Ill.
    Edition: Neuausg.
    Series Statement: rororo 7764
    Series Statement: rororo
    RVK:
    Keywords: Interculturele vergelijking ; Ethnologie ; Kultursoziologie ; Entwicklungsländer ; Cross-cultural studies ; Cross-cultural studies ; Kulturanthropologie ; Europa ; Developing countries Relations ; Europe Relations ; Kulturanthropologie ; Kulturanthropologie
    Note: Lizenz des Leske-u.-Budrich-Verl., Leverkusen
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  • 163
    Book
    Book
    Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt
    ISBN: 3499141302
    Language: German
    Pages: 280 S. , Ill. , 19 cm
    Edition: 41. - 44. Tsd.
    Series Statement: rororo 4130
    DDC: 800
    Note: Lizenz d. Gräfe-u.-Unzer-Verl., München
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  • 164
    ISBN: 3499173573
    Language: German
    Pages: 295 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten
    Edition: 19. - 23. Taus
    Series Statement: Rororo 7357
    Series Statement: rororo-Sachbuch
    Uniform Title: Chronicles of American Indian protest 〈dt.〉
    RVK:
    Keywords: Nordamerika ; Indianer
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  • 165
    Book
    Book
    Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt
    ISBN: 3499143453
    Language: German
    Pages: 164 S. , Ill. , 19 cm
    Edition: Orig.-Ausg., 22. - 24. Tsd.
    Series Statement: rororo 4345 : rororo aktuell
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Geschichte 1934-1978 ; Politik ; Somoza 〈Familie〉 ; Politischer Widerstand ; Nicaragua ; Nicaragua
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  • 166
    ISBN: 3498016245
    Language: German
    Pages: 235 S. , Ill., graph. Darst. , 24 cm
    Edition: 25. - 30. Tsd.
    Uniform Title: Drawing on the right side of the brain
    Keywords: Zeichnen ; Zeichnen
    Note: Literaturverz. S. 233 - 235
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  • 167
    Book
    Book
    Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt
    ISBN: 3499142260
    Language: German
    Pages: 252 S. , 19 cm
    Edition: Dt. Erstausg., 131. - 139. Tsd.
    Series Statement: rororo 4226 : Neue Frau
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Mead, Margaret ; Mead, Margaret / Biographie
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  • 168
    ISBN: 3499174898
    Language: German
    Pages: 268 S. , Ill., graph. Darst.
    Edition: Originalausg., 23. - 28 Tsd.
    Series Statement: rororo 7489 : rororo-Sachbuch
    Series Statement: Rororo
    DDC: 302.2
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Kommunikation
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  • 169
    Book
    Book
    Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt
    ISBN: 3499142260
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 252 S.
    Edition: Dt. Erstausg., 131. - 139. Tsd.
    Series Statement: Rororo 4226
    Series Statement: Neue Frau
    Uniform Title: Blackberry winter 〈dt.〉
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Biographie / Volkskundler, Völkerkundler / Einz. Pers. Mead, M. ; Lebenserinnerungen / Volkskundler, Völkerkundler / Einz. Pers. Mead, M. ; Mead, Margaret / Biographie
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  • 170
    ISBN: 3-498-00479-4 , 978-3-498-00479-8
    Language: German
    Pages: 223 Seiten , Illustrationen,Karten
    Edition: 1. Auflage
    Keywords: Nordamerika Kanada ; Indianer, Kanada ; Reisebericht ; Tagebuch ; Bildband ; James Bay 〈Bucht, Kanada〉
    Note: Parallelsachtitel in indianischer Schrift
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  • 171
    ISBN: 3-499-17787-0 , 978-3-499-17787-3
    Language: German
    Pages: 253 Seiten
    Series Statement: RoRoRo Sachbuch 7787
    Uniform Title: Edward Sheriff Curtis, visions of a vanishing race
    Keywords: Nordamerika Indianer, Nordamerika ; Photographie, frühe ethnographische ; Photographie ; Biographie ; Erlebnisbericht ; Curtis, Edward S. (1868-1952)
    Abstract: Edward S. Curtis, ein gefragter Gesellschaftsphotograph Ende des vorigen Jahrhunderts, was besessen von der Idee, "eine photographische Geschichte der Indianer Nordamerikas" zu verfassen. Er wußte, daß die Indianer zum Untergang verurteilt waren, daß sie gegen die unerbittliche Herrschaft der Weißen keine Überlebenschancen hatten. 1930 war sein zwanzigbändiges Geschichtswerk endgültig abgeschlossen; dies ist die erste Auswahl seiner schönsten und wichtigsten Photos zum Taschenbuchpreis. Curtis' Tochter Florence, die ihn auf vielen Reisen begleitete, schildert anschaulich, was sie mit ihrem Vater auf diesen Reisen erlebte, und zeichnet damit nicht nur ein lebendiges Charakterporträt eines berühmten Photographen, sondern auch eine eindringliche Studie der Indianerstämme Nordamerikas in den ersten Jahrzehnten unseres Jahrhunderts.
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  • 172
    ISBN: 3499151839
    Language: German
    Pages: 153 S.
    Series Statement: Rororo 5183
    Uniform Title: Satan in Goray 〈dt.〉
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  • 173
    ISBN: 3499177773
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 316 S. , zahlr. Ill., Kt.
    Series Statement: rororo 7777 : rororo-Sachbuch
    Series Statement: Kulturen und Ideen
    Series Statement: rororo
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Geschichte 〈1300-1900〉 ; Fürsorge ; Geschichte ; Armut ; Deutschland ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Deutschland ; Armut ; Geschichte ; Deutschland ; Fürsorge ; Geschichte ; Deutschland ; Fürsorge ; Geschichte 〈1300-1900〉
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  • 174
    ISBN: 349917247X
    Language: German
    Pages: 374 S. , zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Rororo 7247 : ...
    Series Statement: Rororo
    Angaben zur Quelle: 1
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Lehrmittel ; Unterricht ; Wohnen ; Didaktik ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Wohnen ; Unterricht ; Lehrmittel ; Wohnen ; Didaktik
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  • 175
    ISBN: 3499144360
    Language: German
    Pages: 185 S. , 19 cm
    Edition: 29. - 32. Tsd.
    Series Statement: Rororo 4436
    Uniform Title: Der kuntzenmacher fun Lublin 〈dt.〉
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  • 176
    Book
    Book
    Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt
    ISBN: 3499119331
    Language: German
    Pages: 153 S.
    Edition: 76.- 85. Tsd.
    Series Statement: Rororo 1933
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  • 177
    Book
    Book
    Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt
    ISBN: 3499152606
    Language: German
    Pages: 419 S. , Ill.
    Series Statement: Rororo
    DDC: 305.5680973
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Sechziger Jahre ; Subkultur ; Vereinigte Staaten
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  • 178
    Pages: 316 S.
    Keywords: Deutschland ; Armut ; Allgemeines ; General ; Etudes générales
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  • 179
    ISBN: 3499164337
    Language: German
    Pages: 189 S. , Ill.
    Edition: Dt. Taschenbuchausg., 26. - 35. Tsd.
    Series Statement: Internationale Speisekarte
    Uniform Title: The cooking of China 〈dt.〉
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  • 180
    Book
    Book
    Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt
    ISBN: 3499152525
    Language: German
    Pages: 310 S. , Ill., Kt.
    Edition: Orig.-Ausg.
    Series Statement: Rororo 5252
    Series Statement: rororo aktuell
    RVK:
    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Lateinamerika ; Lateinamerika ; Gewalt ; Politik
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  • 181
    ISBN: 3499152800
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 92 S
    Series Statement: Rororo 5280
    Uniform Title: Pegij pe͏̈s beguščij kraem morja 〈dt.〉
    Note: Lizenz d. Bertelsmann-Verl., München
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  • 182
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt
    Pages: 234 S.
    Keywords: USA ; Jugend ; Kinder, Jugendliche ; Children, Adolescence ; La petite enfance et la jeunesse
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  • 183
    ISBN: 3499177641
    Language: German
    Pages: 298 S. , zahlr. Il.
    Series Statement: rororo 7764 : Rororo-Sachbuch
    Series Statement: Rororo
    RVK:
    Keywords: Kulturanthropologie ; Kulturanthropologie ; Entwicklungsländer ; Entwicklungsländer ; Industrieländer ; Industrieländer ; Naturvölker
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  • 184
    ISBN: 3499177730
    Language: German
    Pages: 237 S. , Ill.
    Edition: Dt. Erstausg.
    Series Statement: rororo 7773 : rororo-Sachbuch
    RVK:
    Keywords: Geschichte ; Rock music History and criticism ; Rock musicians Biography ; Rockmusik ; Großbritannien ; Biografie ; Großbritannien ; Rockmusik ; Geschichte
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  • 185
    Book
    Book
    Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt
    ISBN: 3499177919
    Language: German
    Pages: 513 S.
    Series Statement: rororo Sachbuch 7791
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    Keywords: Jazz musicians Interviews ; Jazz ; Europa ; Europa ; Jazz
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  • 186
    Book
    Book
    Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt
    ISBN: 3499201887
    Language: German
    Pages: 202 S. , Ill.
    Edition: 25. - 28. Tsd.
    Series Statement: Rororo-Rotfuchs 188
    Series Statement: Rororo-Rotfuchs
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    Keywords: Presley, Elvis ; Geschichte 1935 ; Rockmusik ; USA ; Tennessee ; Biografie ; Presley, Elvis 1935-1977 ; Geschichte 1935 ; Rockmusik ; USA ; Tennessee
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  • 187
    ISBN: 3499173573
    Language: German
    Pages: 295 S.
    Edition: 19.-23. Tsd.
    Series Statement: rororo-Sachbuch 7357
    Uniform Title: Chronicles of American Indian protest
    RVK:
    Keywords: Geschichte ; Geschichte 1607-1993 ; Ethnische Minderheit ; Indianer ; Indianer - Länder, Gebiete, Völker // Nordamerika ; Nordamerika - Geschichte ; Rassendiskriminierung ; Vereinigte Staaten ; Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika - Geschichte ; Indianer ; Weiße ; Geschichte ; Nordamerika ; USA ; Quelle ; USA ; Indianer ; Weiße ; Geschichte ; Nordamerika ; Indianer ; Geschichte ; Nordamerika ; Indianer ; Geschichte 1607-1993 ; Geschichte
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  • 188
    Book
    Book
    Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt
    ISBN: 3499177668
    Language: German
    Pages: 293 S. , Ill. , 19 cm
    Edition: Orig.-Ausg.
    Series Statement: Rororo 7760
    Series Statement: Rororo
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Jazz-Rock ; Jazz ; Rockmusik ; Popmusik
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  • 189
    ISBN: 3499203235
    Language: German , English
    Pages: 91 S. , Ill.
    Edition: Orig.-Ausg., 13. - 22. Tsd.
    Series Statement: Rororo 20323 : Rotfuchs; 323
    Series Statement: Rororo 20323 : Rotfuchs
    Angaben zur Quelle: 1
    Keywords: Binationales Paar ; Jugendbuch ; Binationales Paar
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  • 190
    Book
    Book
    Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt
    ISBN: 3499150875
    Language: German
    Pages: 234 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Edition: Originalausgabe
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Schlagertext ; Schlager ; Deutsch ; Deutschland ; Deutsch ; Schlagertext ; Deutschland ; Schlager
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  • 191
    ISBN: 3499177145
    Language: German
    Pages: 203 S. , 71 Ill.
    Edition: Orig.-Ausg.
    Series Statement: Rororo 7714
    Series Statement: rororo-Sachbuch
    Series Statement: Kulturgeschichte der Naturwissenschaften und der Technik
    DDC: 609
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Europa ; Technik ; Geschichte
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  • 192
    ISBN: 3499177102
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 155 S. , zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst.
    Edition: Orig.-Ausg.
    Series Statement: rororo 7710 : rororo-Sachbuch
    Series Statement: Kulturgeschichte der Naturwissenschaften und der Technik
    Series Statement: rororo
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Werkstoffprüfung ; Geschichte ; Werkstoffprüfung ; Geschichte ; Werkstoffprüfung
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  • 193
    ISBN: 3498061615
    Language: German
    Pages: 125 S , Ill , 19 cm
    Edition: 1. Aufl.
    DDC: 305.4/2/0924
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    Keywords: Gespräch ; Beauvoir, Simone de 1908-1986 ; Geschichte 1971-1982
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  • 194
    Book
    Book
    Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt
    ISBN: 3499177668
    Language: German
    Pages: 293 Seiten , Illustrationen , 19 cm
    Edition: Originalausgabe
    Series Statement: Rororo 7766
    Series Statement: Rororo-Sachbuch
    DDC: 785.4209
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Popmusik ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Jazz-Rock ; Modern Jazz ; Rockmusik ; Jazz
    Note: Discographien
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  • 195
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401714686
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 273 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; International economics ; Private international law. ; Conflict of laws. ; International law. ; Comparative law. ; International economic relations.
    Abstract: Prolegomena to the Identification of Custom in International Law -- Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims -- Statutory Controls on Standard Terms employed in an International Context: Is the Cure worse than the Disease? -- Towards a System of Equitable Standards in the New Dutch Civil Code -- International Law and Subnational Intergovernmental Law: Some Relationships -- Internationalism above Freedom of Contract -- Arbitration Clauses / some comparative observations -- International Issues on Collective Agreements of Seafarers -- Seamen’s Strike and Supporting Boycotts: Recent Case Developments Abroad -- The Nationality of Ships in Yugoslav Law with Reference to Present International Developments -- Subsequent Choice of Law and Compromissory Agreement (Vaststellingsovereenkomst) -- Quod Licet Iovi... The Precarious Relationship between the Court of Justice of the European Communities and Arbitration -- Dr. Erades, Chairman of Two International Arbitral Tribunals -- Soft Law -- The Forum Actoris and International Law -- On “Giving a Hand” in Swedish Law of Civil Procedure: Recent developments in the Law on Handräckning -- Executive and Judiciary in Foreign Affairs: Recognition of Foreign Lawmaking Entities -- Bibliography Judge Erades.
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  • 196
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400957534
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 208 p) , digital
    Edition: Second Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Engineering Description of Rocks -- 1.1 Rock testing -- 1.2 Uniaxial or unconfined strength -- 1.3 Empirical field and laboratory tests -- 1.4 Porosity and permeability -- 1.5 Discontinuous rock -- 2 Stress and Strain -- 2.1 Stress at a point -- 2.2 Pore pressure and effective stress -- 2.3 Strain at a point -- 2.4 Representation of stress and strain -- 2.5 Relation between stress and strain -- 2.6 Geostatic stresses -- 2.7 Measurement of in situ stress -- 3 Rock Deformation -- 3.1 Rock tests in compression -- 3.2 Rock deformation in compression -- 3.3 Mechanics of microfracture -- 3.4 Rock macrofracture -- 3.5 The complete rock deformation curve -- 4 Rock Strength and Yield -- 4.1 Rock strength criteria -- 4.2 Yield criteria -- 4.3 The critical state concept -- 4.4 Triaxial testing -- 4.5 Axial and volumetric strain data -- 4.6 The Hvorslev surface in rocks -- 5 Time Dependency -- 5.1 Creep strain -- 5.2 Phenomenological models of creep -- 5.3 Time-dependent deformation -- 5.4 Time-dependent strength reduction -- 5.5 Cyclic loading -- 5.6 Rapid loading -- 6 Discontinuities in Rock Masses -- 6.1 Discontinuity measurement -- 6.2 Discontinuity orientation data -- 6.3 Shear resistance of a rock containing a discontinuity -- 6.4 Shear resistance of a discontinuity -- 6.5 A critical state model for rock discontinuity strength -- 6.6 Measurement of discontinuity shear resistance -- 7 Behaviour of Rock Masses -- 7.1 Discontinuity frequency -- 7.2 Rock mass classification systems -- 7.3 Rock mass strength criterion -- 7.4 The relevance of rock mass strength -- References -- Author Index.
    Abstract: The first edition of this book was received more kindly than it deserved by some, and with some scepticism by others. It set out to present a simple, concise and reasonably comprehensive introduction to some of the theoretical and empirical criteria which may be used to define rock as a structural material. The objectives - reinforced by the change in title - remain the same, but the approach has been changed considerably and only one or two sections have been retained from the first edition. The particular aim in this edition is to provide a description of the mechanical behaviour of rocks, based firmly upon experimental data, which can be used to explain how rocks deform, fracture and yield, and to show how this knowledge can be used in design. The major emphasis is on the behaviour of rocks as materials, although in the later chapters the behaviour of discontinuities in rocks, and the way in which this can affect the behaviour of rock masses, is considered. If this edition is an improvement on the first edition it reflects the debt lowe to numerous people who have attempted to explain the rudiments of the subject to me. I should like to thank Peter Attewell and Roy Scott in particular. I should also like to thank Tony Price and Mike Gilbert whose work at Newcastle I have used shamelessly.
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  • 197
    ISBN: 9789400969438
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (432p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, An International Series in the Philosophy and Methodology of the Social and Behavioral Sciences 34
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library 34
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Abstract: The Goal of an Act and the Task of the Agent -- On the Essence and Goals of General Methodology (Praxiology) -- An Outline of the Prehistory of Praxiology -- An Analysis of the Concept of Goal -- Comments on the Concept of Efficiency -- The Value of Perfect Information -- A Praxiological Theory of Evaluations -- Praxiosemiotics: the Theory of Optimum Message in the Service of Other Disciplines and Practical Activities -- A Formal Theory of Actions: Syntax and Semantics of Behaviour -- Praxiological Models — Praxiological Modelling of Systems of Action -- Planning and Implementation. An Elementary Primer of the Cybernetics of Planning -- Praxiology and the Theory of Programming -- Making Use of Science in Actions (A Study in Methodology and Praxiology) -- Practical Problems and Practical Directives -- A Praxiological Theory of Design -- Some Problems of the General Theory of Struggle -- Struggle in a Dense Social Environment -- The Theory of Organization and Management -- The Importance of Praxiology for Political Economy -- Praxiology and Technology -- About the Contributors -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
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  • 198
    ISBN: 9789401576802
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXII, 231 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 73
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 73
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: 1 / Introduction: Methodology, Ideology, and Scientific Revolutions -- 2 / Epistemic Structuralism: The Limit to Radical Alternatives to Traditional Epistemology -- 3 / Problems of Structure and Growth: Towards an Interactive Model of The Growth of Scientific Knowledge -- 4 / Consequences and Alternative Methodologies -- 5 / The Nature of Methodological Variance: From Commensurable Canons to Incommensurable Strategies -- Notes -- Name Index.
    Abstract: Professor Pandit, working among the admirable group of philosophers at the University of Delhi, has written a fundamental criticism and a constructive re-interpretation of all that has been preserved as serious epistemological and methodological reflections on the sciences in modern Western philosoph- from the times of Galileo, Newton, Descartes and Leibniz to those of Russell and Wittgenstein, Carnap and Popper, and, we need hardly add, onward to the troubling relativisms and reconstructions of historical epistemologies in the works of Hanson, Kuhn, Lakatos and Feyerabend. His themes are intrigu­ ing, set forth as they are with masterly case studies of physics and the life sciences, and within an original conceptual framework for philosophical analysis of the processes, functions, and structures of scientific knowing. Pandit's contributions deserve thoughtful examination. For our part, we wish to point to some among them: (1) an interactive articulation of subjective and objective factors of both problems and theories in the course of scientific development; (2) a striking contrast between the explanatory power of a scientific theory and its 'resolving power', i. e.
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  • 199
    ISBN: 9789401539791
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 503 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 200
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401720496
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 452 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 162
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Ethics ; Law—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Working Conceptions of “The Law” -- Rules and Reason -- The Rôle of the Judge -- Concluding Comments -- Justification as Coherence -- Precedent, Discretion and Fairness -- Rights and Claims -- Rights, Claims and Remedies -- Rights and Justified Claims -- Concluding Comments -- The Tendency to Deprave and Corrupt -- Obscenity and the Law -- Obscenity and the Law in Practice -- Concluding Comments -- Justifications of Reverse Discrimination -- Is Reverse Discrimination Fair? -- Reverse Discrimination -- Concluding Comments -- Duress per Minas as a Defence to Crime: I -- Duress per Minas as a Defence to Crime: II -- Duress per Minas as a Defence to Crime: III -- Duress and Necessity as Defences to Crime: A Postcript -- Cruel and Unusual Punishments -- Retributivism and the Death Sentence -- Punishment and Respect for Persons -- Concluding Comments -- Indexes.
    Abstract: The Royal Institute of Philosophy has been sponsoring conferences in alternate years since 1969. These have from the start been intended to be of interest to persons who are not philosophers by profession. They have mainly focused on interdisciplinary areas such as the philosophies of psychology, education and the social sciences. The volumes arising from these conferences have in­ cluded discussions between philosophers and distinguished prac­ titioners of other disciplines relevant to the chosen topic. Beginning with the 1979 conference on 'Law, Morality and Rights' and the 1981 conference on 'Space, Time and Causality' these volumes are now constituted as a series. It is hoped that this series will contribute to advancing philosophical understanding at the frontiers of philosophy and areas of interest to non-philos­ ophers. It is hoped that it will do so by writing which reduces technicalities as much as the subject-matter permits. In this way the series is intended to demonstrate that philosophy can be clear and worthwhile in itself and at the same time relevant to the interests of lay people.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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