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  • English  (9)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400769991
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 189 p. 30 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 35
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Niazi, Kaveh Quṭb al-Dīn Shīrāzī and the configuration of the heavens
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Niazi, Kaveh Quṭb al-Dīn Shīrāzī and the configuration of the heavens
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Philosophy, modern ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Philosophy, modern ; Science Philosophy ; Quelle ; Astronomie ; Vergleichende Ideengeschichte
    Abstract: As a leading scientist of the 13th century C. E. Quṭb al-Dīn Shīrāzī wrote three substantial works on hay’a (or the configuration of the celestial orbs): Nihāyat al-idrāk fī dirāyat al-aflāk (“The Limits of Attainment in the Understanding of the Heavens”), al-Tuḥfa al-shāhīya fī ‘ilm al-hay’a (“The Royal Offering Regarding the Knowledge of the Configuration of the Heavens”), and Ikhtīyārāt-i Muẓaffarī (“The Muẓaffarī Elections”). Completed in less than four years and written in two of the classical languages of the Islamic world, Arabic and Persian, these works provide a fascinating window to the astronomical research carried out in Ilkhanid Persia. Shīrāzī and his colleagues were driven by their desire to rid Ptolemaic astronomy from its perceived shortcomings. An intriguing trail of revisions and emendations in Shīrāzī’s hay’a texts serves to highlight both those features of Shīrāzī's astronomy that were inherited from his predecessors, as well as his original contributions to this branch of astronomical research. As a renowned savant, Shīrāzī spent a large portion of his career near centers of political power in Persia and Anatolia. A study of his scientific output and career as a scholar is an opportunity, therefore, for an examination of the patronage of science and of scientific works within the Ilkhanid realms. Not only was this patronage important to the work of scholars such as Shīrāzī but it was critical to the founding and operation of one of the foremost scientific institutions of the medieval Islamic world, the Marāgha observatory. The astronomical tradition in which Shīrāzī carried out his research has many links, as well, to the astronomy of Early Modern Europe, as can be seen in the astronomical models of Copernicus
    Description / Table of Contents: AcknowledgementNote on Transliteration -- Chapter 1. Purpose and Background of Study -- Chapter 2. The Mongols in Iran -- Chapter 3. Shīrazī's Life -- Chapter 4. The Principal Astronomical Sources -- Chapter 5. Persian vs. Arabic: Language as a Determinant of Content -- Chapter 6. Conclusion -- Figures- Bibliography -- Appendix A -- Appendix B -- Appendix C -- Appendix D -- Appendix E -- Index.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9789400762718
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 651 p. 134 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: International Perspectives on the Teaching and Learning of Mathematical Modelling
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
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    Keywords: Mathematics ; Education ; Education ; Mathematics
    Abstract: Modeling Students Mathematical Modeling Competencies offers welcome clarity and focus to the international research and professional community in mathematics, science, and engineering education, as well as those involved in the sciences of teaching and learning these subjects.
    Abstract: Modeling Students' Mathematical Modeling Competencies offers welcome clarity and focus to the international research and professional community in mathematics, science, and engineering education, as well as those involved in the sciences of teaching and learning these subjects
    Description / Table of Contents: Modeling Students' Mathematical Modeling Competencies; Contents; Contributors; Chapter 1: Introduction: ICTMA and the Teaching of Modeling and Applications; Part I: The Nature of Models & Modeling; Chapter 2: Introduction to Part I Modeling: What Is It? Why Do It?; References; Section 1: What Are Models?; Chapter 3: Modeling Theory for Math and Science Education; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Origins of Modeling Theory; 3.3 Models and Concepts; 3.4 Imagination and Intuition; 3.5 Mathematical Versus Physical Intuition; 3.6 Modeling Instruction; 3.7 Conclusions
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.8 Epilogue: A New Generation of Mathematical ToolsReferences; Chapter 4: Modeling a Crucial Aspect of Students' Mathematical Modeling; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Three Examples; 4.3 The Intricacies of Mathematization; 4.4 Modeling Students' Mathematizations; References; Chapter 5: Modeling Perspectives in Math Education Research; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Spesier and Walter on Models; 5.3 Harel on Models; 5.4 Larson on Models; 5.5 Oehrtman on Models; 5.6 Rasmussen and Zandieh on Models; References; Section 2: Where Are Models & Modelers Found?
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 6: Modeling to Address Techno-Mathematical Literacies in Work6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Methodology; 6.3 Findings; 6.4 Results; 6.4.1 Two Examples: Manufacturing and Statistical Process Control; 6.5 Conclusions; References; Chapter 7: Mathematical Modeling in Engineering Design Projects; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Methodology; 7.2.1 Industrial Engineering Undergraduates; 7.2.2 Mechanical Engineering Graduate Students; 7.3 Discussion; 7.4 Conclusion; References; Chapter 8: The Mathematical Expertise of Mechanical Engineers - The Case of Mechanism Design; 8.1 Introduction
    Description / Table of Contents: 8.2 Method of Investigation8.3 The Task: Design of Part of a Cutting Device; 8.4 Results and Discussion; 8.5 Conclusions; References; Section 3: What Do Modeling Processes Look Like?; Chapter 9: Modeling and Quantitative Reasoning: The Summer Jobs Problem; 9.1 Theoretical Framework; 9.2 Methods; 9.3 Results; 9.3.1 What Is the Students' Model?; 9.3.2 What Is the Role of Quantities in Students' Models?; 9.3.3 What Is the Role of Quantitative Reasoning in Students' Models?; 9.3.4 What Is the Relationship Between Quantitative Reasoning and Model Development?; 9.4 Discussion; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 10: Tracing Students' Modeling Processes in School10.1 Introduction; 10.2 Theoretical Framework; 10.3 The Present Study; 10.3.1 The Purpose of the Study; 10.3.2 Participants, Modelling Activity, and Procedures; 10.3.3 Data Sources and Analysis; 10.4 Results; 10.4.1 Modelling Processes; 10.4.2 Mathematical Developments; 10.5 Discussion; References; Section 4: What Creates "The Need For Modeling"; Chapter 11: Turning Ideas into Modeling Problems; 11.1 Introduction; 11.2 Approaches to Mathematical Modeling; 11.2.1 Modeling as Vehicle; 11.2.2 Modeling as Content
    Description / Table of Contents: 11.3 Educational Rationale
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Cover
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789048192281 , 9781282995635
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 200p, digital)
    Series Statement: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 26
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Wüthrich, Adrian The genesis of Feynman diagrams
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    Keywords: Science Philosophy ; Physics ; Science Philosophy ; Physics ; Feynman-Graph ; Entwicklung ; Feynman-Graph ; Entwicklung
    Abstract: Contents -- Acknowledgements -- 1. Origin, use and interpretation of Feynman diagrams -- 2. Quantum electrodynamics without Feynman diagrams -- 3. Quantum mechanics without a Hamiltonian operator -- 4. The Dirac equation: Feynman’s great struggle -- 5. Free propagation and successive scattering -- 6. The held theoretical systematization of Feynman’s theory -- 7. The development of a new means of representation -- Appendix A Diagrammatic induction -- Appendix B Synopsis of manuscripts and principal publications -- List of figures -- Bibliography
    Abstract: In a detailed reconstruction of the genesis of Feynman diagrams the author reveals that their development was constantly driven by the attempt to resolve fundamental problems concerning the uninterpretable infinities that arose in quantum as well as classical theories of electrodynamic phenomena. Accordingly, as a comparison with the graphical representations that were in use before Feynman diagrams shows, the resulting theory of quantum electrodynamics, featuring Feynman diagrams, differed significantly from earlier versions of the theory in the way in which the relevant phenomena were conceptualized and modelled. The author traces the development of Feynman diagrams from Feynman's "struggle with the Dirac equation" in unpublished manuscripts to the two of Freeman Dyson's publications which put Feynman diagrams into a field theoretic context. The author brings to the fore that Feynman and Dyson not only created a powerful computational device but, above all, a new conceptual framework in which the uninterpretable infinities that had arisen in the old form of the theory could be precisely identified and subsequently removed in a justifiable manner
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgements; Contents; List of Figures; 1 Introduction: Origin, Use and Interpretation of Feynman Diagrams; 2 Quantum Electrodynamics Without Feynman Diagrams; 3 Quantum Mechanics Without a Hamiltonian Operator; 4 The Dirac Equation: Feynman's Great Struggle; 5 Free Propagation and Successive Scattering; 6 The Field Theoretical Systematization of Feynman's Theory; 7 The Development of a New Means of Representation: Goals and Milestones; Appendix A Diagrammatic Induction; Appendix B Synopsis of Manuscripts and Principal Publications; References; Index;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9789048124039 , 9789048124022
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (digital)
    Edition: 1
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 23
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Riggs, Peter J. Quantum causality
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Quantum theory ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Quantum theory ; Science Philosophy ; Quantenmechanik ; Kausalität ; Philosophie
    Abstract: This is a treatise devoted to the foundations of quantum physics and the role that causality plays in the microscopic world governed by the laws of quantum mechanics. There is no sharp dividing line between physics and philosophy of physics. This is especially true for quantum physics where debate on its interpretation and the status of the various entities postulated has raged in both the scientific and philosophical communities since the 1920s and continues to this day. Although it is readily granted that quantum mechanics produces some strange and counter-intuitive results, it is argued in Quantum Causality that quantum mechanics is not as weird as we might have been led to believe. The dominant theory of quantum mechanics is called Orthodox Quantum Theory (also known as the Copenhagen Interpretation). Orthodox Quantum Theory is a ‘theoretical tool’ for making predictions for the possible results of experiments on quantum systems and requires the intervention of an observer or an observer’s proxy (e.g. a measuring apparatus) in order to produce predictions. Orthodox Quantum Theory does away with the notion of causality and denies the existence of an underlying quantum realm. The Causal Theory is not well known within the physics community and many physicists who do know of it are generally dismissive in their attitudes. This is a historical legacy inherited by the majority of the physics community from the most influential founders of quantum mechanics, Niels Bohr and Werner Heisenberg. They both denied the independent existence of a quantum level of reality and declared that causality does not apply to quantum events. Quantum Causality shows that the Causal Theory of Quantum Mechanics is a viable physical theory that provides realistic explanations for quantum phenomena. Much of what is argued for in this book will be controversial but, at the very least, these arguments will likely engender some lively debate on the various issues raised.
    Description / Table of Contents: General Introduction; Preliminaries; The Causal Theory of Quantum Mechanics; Energy and the Wave Field; Energy-Momentum Transfer and the Quantum Potential; The Exclusion Principle
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9781402082375
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 217 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 258
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Futch, Michael J. Leibniz's metaphysics of time and space
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy, modern ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 1646-1716 ; Metaphysik ; Raum ; Zeit
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9781402064142
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 22
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Calero, Julián Simón The genesis of fluid mechanics, 1640 - 1780
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    Keywords: Science History ; Technology Philosophy ; Hydraulic engineering ; Science, general ; Strömungsmechanik ; Geschichte 1640-1780
    URL: Cover
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9781402026980
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 289 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Archimedes 9
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Dijksterhuis, Fokko Jan Lenses and waves
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    Keywords: Science (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Mathematics_$xHistory ; Physics History ; Science, general ; Philosophy ; Science, Humanities and Social Sciences, multidisciplinary ; Huygens, Christiaan 1629-1695 ; Optik ; Geschichte
    Abstract: From the contents: 1. Introduction – 'The perfect Cartesian' -- 2. 1653 – 'Tractatus' -- 3. 1655-1672 – 'De Aberratione' -- 4. The 'Project' of 1672 -- 5. 1677-1679 – Waves of Light -- 6. 1690 – Traité de la Lumière -- 7. Conclusion: Lenses & Waves -- List of figures -- Bibliography -- Index
    Abstract: In 1690, Christiaan Huygens (1629-1695) published Traité de la Lumière, containing his renowned wave theory of light. It is considered a landmark in seventeenth-century science, for the way Huygens mathematized the corpuscular nature of light and his probabilistic conception of natural knowledge. This book discusses the development of Huygens’ wave theory, reconstructing the winding road that eventually led to Traité de la Lumière. For the first time, the full range of manuscript sources is taken into account. In addition, the development of Huygens’ thinking on the nature of light is put in the context of his optics as a whole, which was dominated by his lifelong pursuit of theoretical and practical dioptrics. In so doing, this book offers the first account of the development of Huygens’ mathematical analysis of lenses and telescopes and its significance for the origin of the wave theory of light. As Huygens applied his mathematical proficiency to practical issues pertaining to telescopes – including trying to design a perfect telescope by means of mathematical theory – his dioptrics is significant for our understanding of seventeenth-century relations between theory and practice. With this full account of Huygens’ optics, this book sheds new light on the history of seventeenth-century optics and the rise of the new mathematical sciences, as well as Huygens’ oeuvre as a whole. Students of the history of optics, of early mathematical physics, and the Scientific Revolution, will find this book enlightening
    URL: Cover
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9781402030857
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 266p, digital)
    Series Statement: NATO Science Series, Series II: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry 183
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. New challenges in superconductivity
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    Keywords: Science (General) ; Condensed matter ; Particles (Nuclear physics) ; Superconductivity ; Science, general ; Physics ; Supraleitung
    Abstract: Fulin Zuo
    Abstract: This volume contains the proceedings of the 2004 University of Miami Workshop onUnconventional Superconductivity. The workshop was the fourth in a series of successful meetings on High-TCSuperconductivity and related topics, which took place at the James L. Knight Physics Building on the University of Miami campus in Coral Gables, Florida, in January 1991, 1995, 1999, and 2004.The volume includes high-quality papers on state of the art works on unconventional superconductivity. A key issue, discussed by many in the workshop, was how homogeneous the cuprates are. STM data, as well as other reports, showed that the cuprate superconductors (SC's) studied were inhomogeneous, especially in the underdoped regime; while experiments, like ARPES and magnetoresistance have established the existence of a Fermi Surface, at least above some doping level, in the cuprates. Other topics ranging from the pseudogap problem to pairing mechanisms are also discussed by various authors. In general, experiments show more convergence than high-TCtheories. There is definitely no consensus on the high- TCmechanism, although two broad groups exist: those around the extended "Big Tent" homogenous scheme, and those who assume an intrinsic inhomogeneous state. Another division could be viewed between those who consider the high- TCmechanism to be essentially of an electronic-magnetic origin (with no role played by the lattice), and those who assign an important role to the lattice.There seemed to be a consensus in the workshop that MgB2 and the fullerenes are simpler SC's than the cuprates, while work on ruthenocuprates and the coexistence of SC and ferromagnetism provided new stimuli to research and understanding. Interest was drawn also by the new NaxCoO2yH2O SC. Although this is a low-TCmaterial, its physical properties have asimilarity to those of the cuprates; thus research on this system seems to be important for the understanding of high TCSC.The volume gives a brief overview of many facets of present day superconductivity research and should be of great interest to all scientists and research students who work in the field of superconductivity or related subjects in condensed matter physics and material sciences.
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Imprint: Springer | Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9780306475603
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XVI, 279 p.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2002.
    Series Statement: Innovations in Science Education and Technology 14
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Assessment. ; Science education. ; School management and organization. ; School administration. ; Educational tests and measurements. ; Science—Study and teaching. ; Education ; Science Study and teaching ; Educational tests and measurements ; USA ; Technische Bildung
    Abstract: What Does the Future Have in Store for the Evaluation of Science and Technology Education? -- What Role Should TIMSS Play in the Evaluation of U.S. Science Education? -- Evaluating Systemic Reform -- Musings on Science Program Evaluation in an Era of Educational Accountability -- Assessment Reform -- Evaluation of Information Technology -- Complementary Approaches to Evaluating Technology in Science Teacher Education -- Evaluation of Science Teaching Performance through Coteaching and Cogenerative Dialoguing -- Evaluating Science Inquiry -- Distance Learning in Science Education.
    Abstract: "James Altschuld, David Kumar, and their chapter authors have produced an upbeat, provocative, visionary, and useful volume on educational evaluation. Of special utility is its grounding in issues and practices relating to evaluations of science and technology education. The book should appeal and be useful to a wide range of persons involved in evaluations of educational policy, programs, and (less so) science teachers. These persons include science and technology education experts, educational policymakers, officials of the National Science Foundation, school administrators, classroom teachers, evaluation instructors, evaluation methodologists, practicing evaluators, and test developers, among others. Contents reflecting international studies of curriculum, evaluation of distance education, and evaluation of technology utilization in Australian schools, as well as evaluations in America should make the book appealing to an international audience. Moreover, it provides a global perspective for assessing and strengthening educational evaluation in the US." Daniel L. Stufflebeam, Professor of Education and Director of the Evaluation Center, Western Michigan University For contents, contributors and a free preview: www.new-in-education.com.
    Description / Table of Contents: ""Contents""
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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