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  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (449)
  • OECD
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Gleiche Rechte und Chancen für LGBTI – nicht erst hinter dem Regenbogen (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264540613 , 9789264770409 , 9789264467491
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (240 Seiten) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Over the Rainbow? The Road to LGBTI Inclusion
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Hors d’atteinte ? La route vers l’intégration des personnes LGBTI
    Keywords: OECD ; LGBT ; Homosexueller ; Transsexueller ; Diskriminierung ; Ausgrenzung ; Gleichstellung ; Inklusion ; Bericht ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Dass LGBTI, d. h. Lesben, Schwule, Bisexuelle, Transgender und Intersexuelle, ihre Identität ausleben können, ohne diskriminiert oder angegriffen zu werden, ist weltweit ein Anliegen. Diskriminierung von LGBTI ist weiterhin allgegenwärtig und verursacht massive Kosten: Über Mobbing in der Schule verringert sie beispielsweise die Investitionen in die Kompetenzentwicklung. Außerdem reduziert sie die Wirtschaftsleistung, da dadurch talentierte und qualifizierte Kräfte vom Arbeitsmarkt ausgeschlossen werden. Zudem beeinträchtigt sie die psychische und physische Gesundheit der Betroffenen und damit auch ihre Produktivität. Dieser Bericht bietet einen umfassenden Überblick darüber, inwieweit die Gleichstellung von Lesben, Schwulen, Bisexuellen, Transgender und Intersexuellen im OECD-Raum gesetzlich gesichert ist und mit welchen ergänzenden Maßnahmen ihre Rechte und Chancen gestärkt werden können. Dazu umreißt er zunächst den für die Gleichstellung sexueller und geschlechtlicher Minderheiten wesentlichen Rechtsrahmen in den Bereichen Bürgerrechte, Schutz vor Diskriminierung und Gewalt sowie Gesundheitsversorgung. Anschließend untersucht er, ob die entsprechenden Rechtsvorschriften in den OECD-Ländern in Kraft sind und wo noch Verbesserungsbedarf besteht. Das letzte Kapitel befasst sich schließlich mit allgemeineren Maßnahmen, die die gesetzlichen Bestimmungen zur Sicherung der Rechte und Chancen von LGBTI flankieren sollten.
    DOI: 10.1787/dde83294-de
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Schooling during a pandemic : the experience and outcomes of schoolchildren during the first round of COVID-19 lockdowns (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264579019 , 9789264366824 , 9789264955110
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (107 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Thorn, William Schooling during a pandemic
    Keywords: OECD ; Schüler ; Schulbesuch ; Telearbeit ; Psychische Krankheit ; Coronavirus ; OECD-Staaten ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Gesundheit ; COVID-19 ; Fernstudium ; Fernunterricht ; Lernen ; E-Learning ; Student ; Schüler ; Elternarbeit ; Schule ; Arbeitsbedingungen ; Internationaler Vergleich ; Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Employment ; Australia ; Belgium ; Canada ; Czech Republic ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Ireland ; Italy ; Netherlands ; Switzerland ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Abstract: This report offers an initial overview of the available information regarding the circumstances, nature and outcomes of the education of schoolchildren during the first wave of COVID-19 lockdowns of March-April 2020. Its purpose is primarily descriptive: it presents information from high quality quantitative studies on the experience of learning during this period in order to ground the examination and discussion of these issues in empirical examples. Information is presented on three interrelated topics: the nature of the educational experience during the period of lockdowns and school closures; the home environment in which education took place for the vast majority of schoolchildren; the effects on the mental health and learning outcomes for children during this period. The data come primarily from 5 countries (France, Germany, Ireland, the United Kingdom and the United States) with additional information on some aspects for 6 additional countries (Australia, Belgium (Flanders), Canada, Finland, Italy and the Netherlands). This report will be of interest to policy makers, academics, education stakeholders and anyone interested in a first international empirical analysis of the effects of the pandemic on the lives and education of schoolchildren.
    DOI: 10.1787/1c78681e-en
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Who Cares? Attracting and Retaining Care Workers for the Elderly (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264624658 , 9789264383746 , 9789264799189
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (187 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Who cares?
    Keywords: Pflegeberufe ; Personalbeschaffung ; Personalmanagement ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; OECD ; Pflegeberuf
    Abstract: This report presents the most up-to-date and comprehensive cross-country assessment of long-term care (LTC) workers, the tasks they perform and the policies to address shortages in OECD countries. It highlights the importance of improving working conditions in the sector and making care work more attractive and shows that there is space to increase productivity by enhancing the use of technology, providing a better use of skills and investing in prevention. Population ageing has outpaced the growth of workers in the long-term care (LTC) sector and the sector struggles with attracting and retaining enough workers to care for those dependent on others for care. Non-standard work is widespread, pay levels tend to be lower than similar-qualification jobs in other health sectors, and LTC workers experience more health problems than other health workers. Further, educational requirements tend to be insufficient to perform more demanding and growing tasks of LTC. With growing demand for care at home, better co-ordination between the health and long-term care sectors and between formal and informal careers is needed.
    DOI: 10.1787/92c0ef68-en
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Green Infrastructure in the Decade for Delivery : Assessing Institutional Investment (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264397927 , 9789264928787 , 9789264775510
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (80 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Green Finance and Investment
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Green infrastructure in the decade for delivery
    Keywords: Infrastrukturinvestition ; Umweltverträglichkeit ; Institutioneller Investor ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Development ; OECD ; Infrastrukturinvestition ; Umweltverträglichkeit
    Abstract: Building green is not only imperative to achieve global climate and development commitments in this “decade for delivery”, but will also be critical to sustain socio-economic development during the COVID-19 recovery. Private investment in particular is needed to bridge the infrastructure investment gap, given institutional investors’ large pools of long-term capital. After several years of efforts to upscale institutional investment in infrastructure, where does the level of investment stand today? This report provides a first-of-its-kind empirical assessment of investment in infrastructure by institutional investors domiciled in OECD and G20 countries, presenting a snapshot from February 2020. Based on a new detailed view of investment channels, financial instruments, sectoral allocations, regional preferences and trends, the report provides guidance on policy levers and priorities to scale-up institutional investment in green infrastructure.
    DOI: 10.1787/f51f9256-en
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Resourcing Higher Education : Challenges, Choices and Consequences (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163362 , 9789264661226 , 9789264606791
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (165 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Higher Education
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Resourcing higher education
    Keywords: Hochschulfinanzierung ; Studienfinanzierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; OECD ; Hochschulfinanzierung ; Studienfinanzierung
    Abstract: Investment in higher education in OECD countries has increased substantially over the last 20 years, as a result of higher enrolment, increasing costs, government priorities related to skills, and research and innovation. Faced with economic and fiscal challenges, public authorities across the OECD need now more than ever to make thoughtful decisions about how to mobilise, allocate and manage financial and human resources in higher education. Effective action on the part of governments requires knowledge of international trends and alternative policy approaches; evidence from research and policy evaluations; and the practical experience of peers in other countries. The OECD Higher Education Resources Project addresses these needs by providing an accessible international evidence base for policy makers in Resourcing Higher Education, and targeted system-specific analyses in upcoming policy briefs and national policy reviews.
    DOI: 10.1787/735e1f44-en
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Realising the Potential of Primary Health Care (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264746459 , 9789264933903 , 9789264561625
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (201 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Realising the potential of primary health care
    Keywords: Basisgesundheitsversorgung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; OECD ; Primäre Gesundheitsversorgung
    Abstract: The rapid spread of COVID-19 added urgency to the need to address long-standing pressures on health systems, linked to growing citizens’ expectations, population ageing and more complex and costly health care needs. As the first point of contact, primary health care that provides comprehensive, continuous, and co-ordinated care is key to boosting preventive care, treating those who need care, and helping people become more active in managing their own health. It has the potential to improve health system efficiency and health outcomes for people across socio-economic levels, and make health systems people-centred. This report examines primary health care across OECD countries before the COVID-19 pandemic, and draws attention to how primary health care is not living up to its full potential. Doing things differently – through new models of organising services, better co-ordination among providers, better use of digital technology, and better use of resources and incentives – helps to improve care, reduce the need for hospitalisations, and mitigate health inequalities. This report identifies key policy challenges that OECD countries need to address to realise the full potential of primary health care, and reviews progress and innovations towards transforming primary health care.
    DOI: 10.1787/a92adee4-en
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Developing Sustainable Finance Definitions and Taxonomies (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264828599 , 9789264977792 , 9789264762497
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (140 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Green Finance and Investment
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Developing sustainable finance definitions and taxonomies
    RVK:
    QK 800
    RVK:
    QG 010
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Kapitalanlage ; Klassifikation ; Definition ; EU-Staaten ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; OECD ; Ökologische Marktwirtschaft ; Kreditmarkt ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: A number of countries have created official definitions of sustainable finance as well as more comprehensive classification systems, referred to as sustainable finance taxonomies. This report maps sustainable finance definitions and taxonomies in five jurisdictions: the European Union, People’s Republic of China, Japan, France and the Netherlands. Taxonomies answer a need for greater certainty on the environmental sustainability of different types of investments. When appropriately designed, they can improve market clarity, bring confidence and assurance to investors, and facilitate the measurement and tracking of sustainable finance flows. The report lays out preliminary considerations for good design of taxonomies, which can support policy makers to develop and grow sustainable finance markets to help achieve environmental and sustainable development goals. It also identifies differences among the taxonomies in scope as well as commonalities. These commonalities could provide a basis for creating comparable frameworks that facilitate international investment while also reflecting differing national circumstances.
    DOI: 10.1787/134a2dbe-en
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Making Dispute Resolution More Effective - MAP Peer Review Report, Denmark (Stage 2) : Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 14 (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264391048
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (105 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report: Denmark (stage 2)
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Dänemark ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; Denmark ; OECD ; Dänemark ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Konfliktregelung
    Abstract: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The minimum standard is complemented by a set of best practices. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' Stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the Stage 2 peer monitoring of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by Denmark.
    DOI: 10.1787/bd0276f1-en
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ageing and Fiscal Challenges across Levels of Government (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264878129 , 9789264360266 , 9789264358157
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (150 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Fiscal Federalism Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ageing and fiscal challenges across levels of government
    Keywords: Alternde Bevölkerung ; Finanzbeziehungen ; OECD-Staaten ; Deutschland ; China ; Brasilien ; Kanada ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Taxation ; Brazil ; Canada ; China, People’s Republic ; Germany ; Aufsatzsammlung ; OECD ; Deutschland ; China ; Brasilien ; Kanada ; Altersstruktur ; Finanzpolitik
    Abstract: Populations in OECD and emerging economies are ageing rapidly, which will have significant macroeconomic impacts, including on public expenditures and tax revenues. The rules and practices that govern fiscal relations among different levels of government, such as their responsibilities for taxation, spending and debt management, have a bearing on economic efficiency and ultimately growth. The consequences of population ageing at subnational government levels are especially intense. Many local governments are vulnerable to the ageing of their populations from a fiscal perspective. The economic and fiscal challenges of an ageing population go beyond intergovernmental boundaries, and they require complex intergovernmental policy responses. This volume brings together cross-country studies of fiscal policy, demographics and spatial productivity, as well as country studies of Brazil, Canada, China and Germany.
    DOI: 10.1787/2bbfbda8-en
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Broad-based Innovation Policy for All Regions and Cities (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264333741 , 9789264918412 , 9789264521469
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Broad-based innovation policy for all regions and cities
    Keywords: Technologiepolitik ; Produktivitätsentwicklung ; OECD-Staaten ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; OECD ; Forschungspolitik ; Innovationsförderung ; Regionale Wirtschaftsförderung
    Abstract: This publication summarises the main findings of a series of high-level expert workshops, organised with support by the European Commission, to deepen the understanding how OECD countries can move towards a broad‑based form of innovation policy for regions and cities. Weaknesses in technology and knowledge diffusion are weighing on productivity growth and innovation in OECD countries, particularly in firms that are distant from the technological frontier (global or national). This in turn weakens their capacity to meet future challenges and undermines inclusive growth. This report examines where current tools for innovation policy are too narrowly focused, targeting mainly research and development as well as science and technology-based interventions. It seeks to help empower firms to benefit from global trends and technological change, in order to better adapt to the different capacity and innovation eco‑systems across regions and cities.
    DOI: 10.1787/299731d2-en
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  • 11
    Online Resource
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    Tax Challenges Arising from Digitalisation – Economic Impact Assessment : Inclusive Framework on BEPS (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264777255 , 9789264494831 , 9789264629769
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (282 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Les défis fiscaux soulevés par la numérisation de l’économie – Évaluation d’impact économique : Cadre inclusif sur le BEPS
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Tax challenges arising from digitalisation - economic impact assessment
    Keywords: Digitalisierung ; Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Wirkungsanalyse ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; OECD ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Konfliktregelung
    Abstract: The OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) Project laid the foundations of the project to address the tax challenges arising from the digitalisation of the economy with the release of the BEPS Action 1 Report. Since then, the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS has been working on the issue, delivering an interim report in March 2018, at the request of the G20. In May 2019, the Inclusive Framework adopted a Programme of Work, which was endorsed by the G20 Finance Ministers and G20 Leaders in June 2019. The Programme of Work outlined proposals in two pillars that could form the basis for a multilateral consensus-based solution. It also provided that the OECD Secretariat would undertake an economic impact assessment of the proposals to ensure that all members of the Inclusive Framework could be kept fully informed of the economic and tax revenue impact of key decisions relating to the proposals. This report presents an ex ante analysis of the economic and tax revenue implications of the Pillar One and Pillar Two proposals under discussion by the Inclusive Framework as part of its work to address the tax challenges arising from the digitalisation of the economy.
    DOI: 10.1787/0e3cc2d4-en
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Beyond Growth : Towards a New Economic Approach (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264549319 , 9789264863323 , 9789264638341
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (45 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: New Approaches to Economic Challenges
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Beyond growth
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; OECD ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: We are facing a series of converging planetary emergencies linked to the environment, the economy, and our social and political systems, but we will not meet these challenges using the tools of the last century. We need to rethink the role of the economy in improving the well-being of people and the planet. As the world’s leading intergovernmental forum on economic policy, the OECD has a central role to play in creating a new economic narrative. OECD Secretary-General Angel Gurría therefore invited a high-level group of experts to contribute their proposals on what needs to change in economic policy and policymaking. This report summarises their conclusions. The Advisory Group argues that we need to go beyond growth, to stop seeing growth as an end in itself, but rather as a means to achieving societal goals including environmental sustainability, reduced inequality, greater wellbeing and improved resilience. This requires updating the philosophy, tools and methods underpinning the analysis that influences economic decision-making. Drawing on developments across the modern field of economics and political economy, the report argues for a new approach which recognises the rootedness of economic systems and behaviour in the relationship between people, social institutions and the environment.
    DOI: 10.1787/33a25ba3-en
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  • 13
    Online Resource
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    Making Dispute Resolution More Effective - MAP Peer Review Report, Singapore (Stage 2) : Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 14 (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264889750
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (87 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report: Singapore (stage 2)
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Singapur ; Taxation ; Singapore ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur ; OECD ; Singapur ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Konfliktregelung
    Abstract: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The minimum standard is complemented by a set of best practices. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' Stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the Stage 2 peer monitoring of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by Singapore.
    DOI: 10.1787/3d152880-en
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  • 14
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    Systemic Thinking for Policy Making : The Potential of Systems Analysis for Addressing Global Policy Challenges in the 21st Century (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264494565
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (155 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: New Approaches to Economic Challenges
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Systemic thinking for policy making
    Keywords: Systems Thinking ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Entwicklungspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Environment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; OECD ; Wirtschaftspolitik
    Abstract: We live in a period of profound systemic change, and as in similar periods in the past, there is bound to be considerable instability and uncertainty before the new society and economy take shape. We have to identify actions that will shape change for the better, and help to build resilience to the inevitable shocks inherent in, and generated by, the complex system of systems constituted by the economy, society and the environment. These challenges require updating the way policies are devised and implemented, and developing more realistic tools and techniques to design those policies on the basis of appropriate data. In Systemic Thinking for Policy Making world experts from the OECD and International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) pool their expertise and experience to propose new approaches to analysing the interconnected trends and issues shaping today’s and tomorrow’s world. The authors argue that to tackle planetary emergencies linked to the environment, the economy and socio-political systems, we have to understand their systemic properties, such as tipping points, interconnectedness and resilience. They give the reader a precise introduction to the tools and techniques needed to do so, and offer hope that we can overcome the challenges the world is facing.
    DOI: 10.1787/879c4f7a-en
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  • 15
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    Innovation for Development Impact : Lessons from the OECD Development Assistance Committee (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264321571 , 9789264798939 , 9789264411784
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (81 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: The Development Dimension
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe L’innovation au service du développement : Enseignements du Comité d’aide au développement de l’OCDE
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation for development impact
    Keywords: OECD ; Entwicklungshilfe ; OECD-Staaten ; Development ; OECD ; Entwicklungshilfe
    Abstract: The development co-operation community needs to innovate to meet the global challenges ahead. Although it has an established track record for innovating partnerships, funding instruments and technologies, they are not enough to deliver the Sustainable Development Goals. This report synthesises the lessons emerging from an OECD Development Assistance Committee peer learning exercise on how innovation efforts can be strengthened, individually and collectively, to achieve the 2030 Agenda. The report is organised around three blocks – strategy, management and culture; organisation and collaboration; and, the innovation process – and provides recommendations on how innovation can best benefit poor and vulnerable people around the world.
    DOI: 10.1787/a9be77b3-en
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  • 16
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    Multilateral Development Finance 2020 (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264890268 , 9789264733077 , 9789264825604
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (140 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Multilateral development finance 2020
    Keywords: 2020 ; Entwicklungsfinanzierung ; Entwicklungsländer ; OECD-Staaten ; Development ; OECD ; Entwicklungsländer ; Entwicklungsfinanzierung
    Abstract: As the “Decade of Action” begins, the world needs an effective multilateral development finance system to deliver on the promises of the 2030 Agenda and support the recovery of developing countries from the coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis. Even before the crisis, the system, torn between high expectations and growing criticism of its perceived lack of accountability and effectiveness, was showing signs of stress. This report looks at recent trends in the multilateral development system in order to provide the clearest possible picture to those deciding on its future. It presents the evolution of multilateral inflows and outflows, and analyses the strategic implications of the contributions by members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). The report looks at the activities that multilateral organisations finance, and explores their respective strengths. This year’s edition is supplemented by a series of policy briefs, as well as online statistics on DAC members’ multilateral contributions, available in the Development Co-operation Profiles.
    DOI: 10.1787/e61fdf00-en
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  • 17
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    Waiting Times for Health Services : Next in Line (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264790834 , 9789264373532 , 9789264989047
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (69 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Waiting times for health services
    Keywords: Gesundheitsversorgung ; Wartezeit ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; OECD ; Medizinische Versorgung ; Wartezeit
    Abstract: Long waiting times for health services is an important policy issue in most OECD countries. Reducing the time that people have to wait to get a consultation with a general practitioner, or a diagnostic test or treatment, can go a long way in improving patient experience and avoiding possible deterioration in their health. Governments in many countries have taken various measures to reduce waiting times, often supported by additional funding, with mixed success. This report looks at how waiting times for elective treatment, which is usually the longest wait, have stalled over the past decade in many countries, and have started to rise again in some others. It also analyses the differences in how long people have to wait to get a consultation with general practitioners or specialists across countries. The report reviews a range of policies that countries have used to tackle waiting times for different services, including elective surgery and primary care consultations, but also cancer care and mental health services, with a focus on identifying the most successful ones.
    DOI: 10.1787/242e3c8c-en
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  • 18
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    Making Dispute Resolution More Effective - MAP Peer Review Report, Czech Republic (Stage 2) : Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 14 (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264467521
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (89 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report: Czech Republic (stage 2)
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Tschechien ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; Czech Republic ; OECD ; Tschechien ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Konfliktregelung
    Abstract: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' Stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the Stage 2 peer monitoring of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by Czech Republic.
    DOI: 10.1787/b8ee5001-en
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  • 19
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    Enhanced Access to Publicly Funded Data for Science, Technology and Innovation (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264361683 , 9789264522633 , 9789264783959
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Enhanced access to publicly funded data for science, technology and innovation
    Keywords: Open Data ; Forschungsfinanzierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; OECD ; Forschungsfinanzierung
    Abstract: In increasingly knowledge-based societies and economies, data are a key resource. Enhanced access to publicly funded data enables research and innovation, and has far-reaching effects on resource efficiency, productivity and competitiveness, creating benefits for society at large. Yet these benefits must also be balanced against associated risks to privacy, intellectual property, national security and the public interest. This report presents current policy practice to promote access to publicly funded data for science, technology and innovation, as well as policy challenges for the future. It examines national policies and international initiatives, and identifies seven issues that require policy attention.
    DOI: 10.1787/947717bc-en
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  • 20
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    The Circular Economy in Cities and Regions : Synthesis Report (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264877276 , 9789264976122 , 9789264535091
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (170 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Urban Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The circular economy in cities and regions
    RVK:
    ZH 9317
    Keywords: Kreislaufwirtschaft ; Umweltpolitik ; Nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung ; Nachhaltige Regionalentwicklung ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; OECD ; Umweltpolitik ; Kreislaufwirtschaft
    Abstract: Cities and regions play a fundamental role in the transition from a linear to a circular economy, as they are responsible for key policies in local public services such as transport, solid waste, water and energy that affect citizens’ well-being, economic growth and environmental quality. This synthesis report builds on the findings from 51 cities and regions contributing to the OECD Survey on the Circular Economy in Cities and Regions and on lessons learnt from the OECD Policy Dialogues on the circular economy carried out in Groningen (Netherlands), Umeå (Sweden), Valladolid (Spain) and on-going in Glasgow (United Kingdom), Granada (Spain), and Ireland. The report provides a compendium of circular economy good practices, obstacles and opportunities, analysed through the lens of its 3Ps analytical framework (people, policies and places). It concludes with policy recommendations, a Checklist for Action and a Scoreboard to self-assess the existence and level of implementation of enabling governance conditions to foster the transition towards the circular economy in cities and regions.
    DOI: 10.1787/10ac6ae4-en
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  • 21
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    Shaping the Future of Regulators : The Impact of Emerging Technologies on Economic Regulators (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264590458 , 9789264574601 , 9789264622739
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (83 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: The Governance of Regulators
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Shaping the future of regulators
    Keywords: Regulierung ; Technischer Fortschritt ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; OECD ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Regulierung
    Abstract: The pace and scope of emerging technologies are creating a sea change for governments and for regulators. They challenge economic regulation by blurring the traditional definition of markets, for example, and by transcending administrative boundaries domestically and internationally. At the same time, the digital transformation is an excellent opportunity for regulators themselves to harness the power of data and digital tools to improve regulation and its delivery. Seizing this opportunity will require fit-for-purpose regulatory frameworks and governance arrangements. This report brings together case studies submitted by members of the OECD Network of Economic Regulators that highlight how regulators have analysed and tackled these issues. The case studies span nine countries and a wide range of sectors (communication, transport, energy, environmental protection) and provide concrete examples of how regulators are responding to innovation in the sectors that they oversee.
    DOI: 10.1787/db481aa3-en
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  • 22
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    One-Stop Shops for Citizens and Business (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264497597 , 9789264893474 , 9789264934801
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (96 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Best Practice Principles for Regulatory Policy
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Guichets uniques pour les citoyens et les entreprises
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als One-stop shops for citizens and business
    Keywords: Regulierung ; Öffentliche Dienstleistung ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; OECD ; Öffentliche Dienstleistung ; Marktregelung
    Abstract: One-stop shops have emerged as a way for governments to provide better services and improve regulatory delivery to citizens and business. The OECD Best Practice Principles for Regulatory Policy: One-Stop Shops for Citizens and Business offer a set of practical considerations for designing, operating, and reviewing one-stop shops. The Principles are based on a series of case studies and cover a wide range of tools and institutional arrangements to help governments improve their one-stop shops. This report is part of a series on “best practice principles” produced under the auspices of the OECD Regulatory Policy Committee. As with other reports in the series, it extends and elaborates on principles highlighted in the 2012 Recommendation of the Council on Regulatory Policy and Governance.
    DOI: 10.1787/b0b0924e-en
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  • 23
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    The heavy burden of obesity : the economics of prevention (2019)
    [Paris] : OECD | Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264484580
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (252 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Edition: Launch version
    Series Statement: OECD health policy studies
    Parallel Title: Available in another form
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The heavy burden of obesity
    Keywords: Körpergewicht ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; Gesundheitsökonomik ; OECD-Staaten ; EU-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; OECD ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; Körpergewicht ; Fettsucht ; Übergewicht
    Abstract: Almost one in four people in OECD countries is currently obese. This epidemic has far-reaching consequences for individuals, society and the economy. Using microsimulation modelling, this book analyses the burden of obesity and overweight in 52 countries (including OECD, European Union and G20 countries), showing how overweight reduces life expectancy, increases healthcare costs, decreases workers' productivity and lowers GDP. The report makes the urgent economic case to scale up investments in policies to promote healthy lifestyles and tackle this growing global public health problem. The book evaluates a number of policies which could significantly improve health outcomes while being an excellent investment for countries.
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 243-252
    DOI: 10.1787/67450d67-en
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  • 24
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    OECD-Leitfaden für die Erfüllung der Sorgfaltspflicht zur Förderung verantwortungsvoller Lieferketten für Minerale aus Konflikt- und Hochrisikogebieten (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264840249
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (129 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Edition: Dritte Ausgabe
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD Publishing OECD-Leitfaden für die Erfüllung der Sorgfaltspflicht zur konstruktiven Stakeholderbeteiligung im Rohstoffsektor
    DDC: 330
    Keywords: Governance ; Development ; Richtlinie ; OECD ; Bergbauindustrie ; Rohstoffpolitik ; Rohstoffwirtschaft ; Bewaffneter Konflikt ; Ressourcenmanagement ; Rohstoffgewinnung ; Mineralischer Rohstoff ; Supply Chain Management ; Wirtschaftsethik ; Zertifizierung ; Bergbau
    Abstract: Der Handel mit mineralischen Rohstoffen sowie Investitionen in diese Ressourcen bieten ein großes Potenzial zur Generierung von Einkommen, Wachstum und Wohlstand, zur Existenzsicherung und lokalen Entwicklungsförderung. Allerdings finden sich diese Bodenschätze zu weiten Teilen in Konflikt- und Hochrisikogebieten, wo sie in großem Umfang abgebaut werden. Dies kann direkt oder indirekt zu bewaffneten Konflikten und schweren Menschenrechtsverletzungen führen und die wirtschaftliche und soziale Entwicklung beeinträchtigen. Der OECD-Leitfaden für die Erfüllung der Sorgfaltspflicht zur Förderung verantwortungsvoller Lieferketten für Minerale aus Konflikt- und Hochrisikogebieten enthält offiziell unterstützte Empfehlungen, mit denen Firmen Schritt für Schritt zu einem verantwortungsvollen globalen Lieferkettenmanagement für alle Mineralien angeleitet werden, damit sie die Menschenrechte achten und durch ihre Entscheidungen und Praktiken beim Einkauf von Mineralien oder Metallen keinen Beitrag zu Konflikten leisten. Dieser Leitfaden kann von allen Unternehmen angewandt werden, die Mineralien oder Metalle jedweder Art aus Konflikt- bzw. Hochrisikogebieten beziehen könnten. Ziel ist die Schaffung transparenter, konfliktfreier Lieferketten und ein nachhaltiges unternehmerisches Engagement im Bereich der mineralischen Rohstoffe.
    Note: Volltext: PDF , Gesehen am 06.02.2020
    DOI: 10.1787/3d21faa0-de
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 25
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    Strengthening SMEs and Entrepreneurship for Productivity and Inclusive Growth : OECD 2018 Ministerial Conference on SMEs (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264790476 , 9789264865747 , 9789264638860
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (160 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD Ministerial Conference on SMEs (3. : 2018 : Mexiko, Stadt) Strengthening SMEs and entrepreneurship for productivity and inclusive growth
    Keywords: KMU ; Entrepreneurship ; Mittelstandspolitik ; Gründungsförderung ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Employment ; Industry and Services ; Konferenzschrift 2018 ; OECD ; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb ; Mittelstandsförderung
    Abstract: SMEs that grow have a considerable positive impact on employment creation, innovation, productivity growth and competitiveness. Digital technologies and global value chains offer new opportunities for SMEs to participate in the global economy, innovate and strengthen productivity. Yet SMEs are lagging behind in the digital transition and are disproportionately affected by market failures, trade barriers, policy inefficiencies and the quality of institutions. A cross-cutting approach to SME policy can enhance SME innovation and scale-up, as well as their contributions to inclusive growth. This includes a business environment conducive to risk-taking and experimentation by entrepreneurs, as well as access to entrepreneurship competencies, management and workforce skills, technology, innovation, and networks.
    DOI: 10.1787/c19b6f97-en
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  • 26
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    Greening Development Co-operation : Lessons from the OECD Development Assistance Committee (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264522206 , 9789264526587 , 9789264447288
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (56 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: The Development Dimension
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Greening development co-operation
    Keywords: OECD ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Umweltschutz ; OECD-Staaten ; Development
    Abstract: How can members of the DAC effectively tackle critical environmental challenges and threats – such as climate change, pollution, and loss of soil fertility and biodiversity – in activities supporting the 2030 Agenda in developing countries? Most already have environmental safeguards in place to screen out negative environmental practice, but they need far more robust policies, capacities and approaches for mainstreaming environment across all their development co-operation activities. This report examines five critical areas for mainstreaming: strong policy commitment and leadership; robust systems, processes and tools; capacity and continuous skill development; shared knowledge, learning and engagement; well-supported country systems. On that basis, the report suggests priority actions for the OECD-DAC, its Network on Environment and Development (ENVIRONET) and the wider development community.
    DOI: 10.1787/62cc4634-en
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  • 27
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    The Survey of Adult Skills : Reader’s Companion, Third Edition (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264523531 , 9789264385139 , 9789264562165
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (132 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The survey of adult skills
    Keywords: Erwachsene ; Qualifikation ; Bildungsniveau ; Erwachsenenbildung ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Canada ; Chile ; Cyprus ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Ecuador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hungary ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Japan ; Kazakhstan ; Korea, Republic of ; Lithuania ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Peru ; Poland ; Russian Federation ; Singapore ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; Spain ; Sweden ; Turkey ; United Kingdom ; United States ; OECD ; Erwachsener ; Erwachsenenbildung ; Qualifikation
    Abstract: This edition of the Reader’s Companion accompanies Skills Matter: Additional Results from the Survey of Adult Skills that reports the results from the 39 countries and regions that participated in the 3 rounds of data collection in the first cycle of PIAAC, with a particular focus on the 6 countries that participated in the third round of the study (Ecuador, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Mexico, Peru and the United States). It describes the design and methodology of the survey and its relationship to other international assessments of young students and adults. The Survey of Adult Skills, a product of the OECD Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC), was designed to provide insights into the availability of some key skills in society and how they are used at work and at home. The first survey of its kind, it directly measures proficiency in several information-processing skills – namely literacy, numeracy and problem solving in technology-rich environments.
    DOI: 10.1787/f70238c7-en
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  • 28
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    Measuring Distance to the SDG Targets 2019 : An Assessment of Where OECD Countries Stand (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264716742 , 9789264572485 , 9789264762886
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Measuring distance to the SDG targets 2019
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Vereinte Nationen Generalversammlung Sustainable Development Goals
    Abstract: The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set a broad and ambitious programme for the world to achieve by 2030. With 17 Goals, underpinned by 169 Targets, the complex and integrated nature of the 2030 Agenda presents national governments with huge challenges for implementation. To assist countries, the OECD has developed a unique methodology allowing comparison of progress across SDG goals and targets. Based on the UN Global List of 244 indicators, this study evaluates the distance that OECD countries need to travel to meet SDG targets for which data is currently available. This 2019 edition of the study presents the latest results for OECD countries, both on average and individually, as well as new exploratory approaches to assessing progress over time and transboundary aspects of the SDGs. By providing a high-level overview of countries’ strengths and weaknesses in performance across the SDGs, this study aims to support member countries in navigating the SDGs and in setting their own priorities for action within the broad 2030 Agenda.
    DOI: 10.1787/a8caf3fa-en
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  • 29
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    Governance as an SDG Accelerator : Country Experiences and Tools (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264612938 , 9789264503120 , 9789264969384
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (164 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Governance as an SDG accelerator
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Governance-Ansatz ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Governance ; OECD ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Governance
    Abstract: Delivering on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is a formidable governance challenge for countries at all levels of development. It requires governments to co-ordinate, consult and work across policy areas – as well as with the businesses sector and civil society – in an unprecedented way. This report provides evidence from OECD countries and partner economies on how public governance practices can be strengthened to help implement the SDGs. It looks at whole-of-government co-ordination, policy coherence and integrity, stakeholder engagement and open government, and the strategic use of budgeting, procurement and regulatory tools. It discusses robust monitoring and evaluation systems for ensuring that public policies and resource allocations for SDG implementation result in meaningful outcomes. It also explores how governance frameworks to support equal access to justice and gender equality can help catalyse implementation across the entire 2030 Agenda.
    DOI: 10.1787/0666b085-en
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  • 30
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    Making Decentralisation Work : A Handbook for Policy-Makers (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264626980 , 9789264875234 , 9789264313033
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (204 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Multi-level Governance Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making decentralisation work
    Keywords: Dezentralisierung ; Kommunalpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; OECD ; Dezentralisation ; Kommunalpolitik
    Abstract: This report offers a comprehensive overview of decentralisation policies and reforms in OECD countries and beyond. Sometimes called a “silent” or “quiet” revolution, decentralisation is among the most important reforms of the past 50 years. The report argues that decentralisation outcomes – in terms of democracy, efficiency, accountability, regional and local development – depend greatly on the way it is designed and implemented. Making the most of decentralisation systems is particularly crucial in the context of a “geography of discontent” and growing divides between places that feel left behind by globalisation and technological change and those that may benefit from the opportunities offered by megatrends. The report identifies 10 guidelines for making decentralisation work and allowing it to be conducive to regional development. Beyond the guidelines, the report proposes concrete tools for policy-makers, including detailed sets of recommendations, checklists, pitfalls to avoid and examples of good practices, both in unitary and federal countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/g2g9faa7-en
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    A Policy Maker's Guide to Privatisation (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264892798 , 9789264402782 , 9789264414969
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (108 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Corporate Governance
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als A policy maker's guide to privatisation
    Keywords: Privatisierung ; Corporate Governance ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Privatisierung
    Abstract: Policy makers and privatisation experts agree that it is critical to “get privatisation right.” A well-planned and executed transaction, backed by sound rationales, institutional and regulatory arrangements, good governance, and integrity can have consequences on future divestment activity by enhancing investor confidence while gaining the support of stakeholders and the public. Drawing on the internationally agreed OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises and decades’ worth of national experience across both OECD and Partner economies, this Policy Maker’s Guide to Privatisation provides practical advice to newcomers on key stages of the process from inception to post-privatisation. With global privatisation activity trending upwards and expected to rise, this Guide can support policy makers in their decision making process in the years to come.
    DOI: 10.1787/ea4eff68-en
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  • 32
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    Skills Matter : Additional Results from the Survey of Adult Skills (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264332829 , 9789264799004 , 9789264811072
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (130 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Skills matter
    Keywords: Qualifikation ; Arbeitskräfte ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Algeria ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Canada ; Chile ; Cyprus ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Ecuador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hungary ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Japan ; Kazakhstan ; Korea, Republic of ; Lithuania ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Peru ; Poland ; Russian Federation ; Singapore ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; Spain ; Sweden ; Turkey ; United Kingdom ; United States ; OECD ; Arbeitnehmer ; Berufliche Qualifikation
    Abstract: In the wake of the technological revolution that began in the last decades of the 20th century, labour-market demand for information-processing and other high-level cognitive and interpersonal skills have been growing substantially. Based on the results from the 33 countries and regions that participated in the 1st and 2nd round of the Survey of Adult Skills in 2011-12 and in 2014-15, this report describes adults’ proficiency in three information-processing skills, and examines how proficiency is related to labour-market and social outcomes. It also places special emphasis on the results from the 3rd and final round of the first cycle of PIAAC in 2017-18, which included 6 countries (Ecuador, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Mexico, Peru and the United States). The Survey of Adult Skills, a product of the OECD Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC), was designed to provide insights into the availability of some of these key skills in society and how they are used at work and at home. The first survey of its kind, it directly measures proficiency in three information-processing skills: literacy, numeracy and problem-solving in technology-rich environments.
    DOI: 10.1787/1f029d8f-en
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  • 33
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    Health for Everyone? : Social Inequalities in Health and Health Systems (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264674462 , 9789264939790 , 9789264426979
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Health for everyone?
    Keywords: Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitswesen ; Soziale Ungleichheit ; OECD-Staaten ; EU-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Europäische Union ; OECD ; Gesundheitswesen ; Soziale Ungleichheit
    Abstract: Good health is a key component of people’s well-being. It is a value in itself but – through its influence on social, education and labour market outcomes – being in good or bad health has also wider implications on people’s chances of leading a fulfilling and productive life. Yet, even in the OECD countries, health inequality persists with severe consequences on the goal of promoting inclusive growth. This report documents a comprehensive range of inequalities in health and health systems to the detriment of disadvantaged population groups in a large set of OECD and EU countries. It assesses the gaps in health outcomes and risk factors between different socio-economic groups. When it comes to health systems, the report measures inequalities in health care utilisation, unmet needs and the affordability of health care services. For each of these different domains, the report identifies groups of countries that display higher, intermediate, and low levels of inequality. The report makes a strong case for addressing health-related inequalities as a key component of a policy strategy to promote inclusive growth and reduce social inequalities. It also provides a framework for more in-depth analyses on how to address these inequalities at country level.
    DOI: 10.1787/3c8385d0-en
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    Budgeting and Public Expenditures in OECD Countries 2019 (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264307957
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (264 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Budgeting and public expenditures in OECD countries 2019
    Keywords: Öffentliche Ausgaben ; Öffentlicher Haushalt ; Haushaltsplanung ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; OECD ; Öffentlicher Haushalt
    Abstract: This report provides a comprehensive view of practices and developments in the governance, implementation and performance of budgeting across OECD countries. It looks at recent practices such as the application of medium-term frameworks and the use of data and analytics to highlight the impacts of policies on concerns such as gender equality and the environment. Reflecting countries’ efforts to strengthen the institutions supporting ficsal policy, the report also discusses trends in Parliamentary oversight, citizen participation, transparency, infrastructure governance and the management of fiscal risks.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264307957-en
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    Good Practice for Good Jobs in Early Childhood Education and Care (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264948716 , 9789264800380 , 9789264941083
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (53 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Gute Strategien für gute Berufe in der frühen Bildung
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Good practice for good jobs in early childhood education and care
    Keywords: Sozialberufe ; Frühkindliche Bildung ; Kinderbetreuung ; Qualifikation ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; OECD ; Kleinkinderziehung ; Kinderbetreuung ; Sozialberuf ; Qualifikation
    Abstract: Recruiting and retaining skilled staff is a long-standing challenge for the early childhood education and care (ECEC) sector. OECD countries are increasingly demanding that ECEC staff be highly skilled and highly qualified, but a combination of low wages, a lack of status and public recognition, poor working conditions, and limited opportunities for professional development mean that recruitment and retention are frequently difficult. What can countries do to build a highly qualified and well-trained ECEC workforce? What is the best route to increasing staff skills without exacerbating staff shortages? How can countries boost pay and working conditions in the context of limited resources? Building on past OECD work on early childhood education and care, and drawing on the experience of OECD countries, this report outlines good practice policy measures for improving jobs in ECEC and for constructing a high-quality workforce.
    DOI: 10.1787/64562be6-en
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    Waste Management and the Circular Economy in Selected OECD Countries : Evidence from Environmental Performance Reviews (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264702912 , 9789264840584 , 9789264309395
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (116 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Waste management and the circular economy in selected OECD countries
    Keywords: Abfallwirtschaft ; Kreislaufwirtschaft ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Abfallwirtschaft ; Kreislaufwirtschaft ; Recycling
    Abstract: This report provides a cross-country review of waste, materials management and circular economy policies in selected OECD countries, drawing on OECD’s Environmental Performance Reviews during the period 2010-17. It presents the main achievements in the countries reviewed, along with common trends and policy challenges, and provides insights into the effectiveness and efficiency of waste, materials management and circular economy policy frameworks. As the selected reviews were published over a seven-year period, information for some countries may be more recent than for others. Nevertheless, the policy recommendations emerging from the reviews may provide useful lessons for other OECD countries and partner economies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264309395-en
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    OECD Good Practices for Performance Budgeting (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264996571 , 9789264505414 , 9789264773264
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (60 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD good practices for performance budgeting
    Keywords: Performance Budgeting ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; OECD ; Output-orientierte Budgetierung
    Abstract: Performance budgeting is a budget practice that has been widely adopted by OECD countries. This report presents the OECD's advice on good practice principles and examples in the area of performance budgeting including an explanation of the evidence supporting the adoption and practice by OECD countries. The report is based on the results of OECD surveys of member countries, OECD country budget reviews, and exchanges of information between the OECD and government officials in the Senior Budget Officials Network on Performance and Results.
    DOI: 10.1787/c90b0305-en
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  • 38
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    University-Industry Collaboration : New Evidence and Policy Options (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264778375
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als University-industry collaboration
    Keywords: Forschungskooperation ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; OECD ; Forschungskooperation
    Abstract: This report discusses challenges and opportunities in assessing the impacts of science-industry knowledge exchange on innovation. The report provides new evidence on joint industry-science patenting activity and academic start-ups, as well as on the impact of geographical proximity between research institutions and industry on local innovation. The report explores the complex set of knowledge-transfer channels, such as collaborative research, co-patenting, academic spinoffs, and their relative importance across science fields and industry sectors. It also experiments with using labour force survey data to assess the contributions of graduates in social sciences to different industries. Different policy mixes are used in OECD countries to stimulate science-industry knowledge transfer. This report presents a taxonomy of 21 policy instruments, which include grants for collaborative university-industry research and financial support to university spin-offs, and discusses their possible positive and negative interactions. Based on a number of country case studies, the report also sheds light on new policy approaches to support spin-off creation. The report also explores recent trends on the governance of public research of high relevance to science-industry knowledge transfer using newly developed policy indicators for 35 OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/e9c1e648-en
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  • 39
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    Addressing Problematic Opioid Use in OECD Countries (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264934207
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (80 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Addressing problematic opioid use in OECD countries
    Keywords: Arzneimittel ; Drogenkonsum ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; OECD ; Arzneimittel ; Drogenkonsum
    Abstract: Over the past few years, Canada and the United States have been experiencing an opioid crisis as a result of problematic opioid use fueled by the emergence of synthetic opioids such as fentanyl and carfentanil. Problematic opioid use is also spreading in other OECD countries, due to the upward trend of prescription opioid use and the complexities of the illegal drug supply. This report presents evidence on the magnitude of problematic opioid use across OECD countries, describes the main drivers, and identifies a set of policy actions to address them. The report highlights the opioid crisis as a complex public health issue that requires a comprehensive approach across all sectors, including health, social services, and law enforcement. Strong health information systems are also needed, particularly data and research. Preventing problematic opioid use requires a combination of policies that ensure more information is provided to patients and health care practitioners, while providing access to appropriate pain management treatment for patients. A public health approach to problematic opioid use must incorporate socio-economic considerations (e.g. employment and housing), which also need to be addressed to prevent problematic substance use in general.
    DOI: 10.1787/a18286f0-en
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  • 40
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    Making Dispute Resolution More Effective - MAP Peer Review Report, Turkey (Stage 1) : Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 14 (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264310087
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (84 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report: Turkey (stage 1)
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Türkei ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; Turkey ; OECD ; Türkei ; G-20-Staaten ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Internationales Einkommensteuerrecht ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Konfliktregelung ; Steuervermeidung
    Abstract: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The minimum standard is complemented by a set of best practices. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the stage 1 peer review of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by Turkey.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264310087-en
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    Benchmarking Higher Education System Performance (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264686472 , 9789264824133 , 9789264826281
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (644 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Higher Education
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Benchmarking higher education system performance
    RVK:
    AL 50000
    Keywords: Hochschule ; Benchmarking ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; OECD ; Höheres Bildungswesen ; Benchmarking ; Vergleich
    Abstract: The scope of contemporary higher education is wide, and concerns about the performance of higher education systems are widespread. The number of young people with a higher education qualification is expected to surpass 300 million in OECD and G20 countries by 2030. Higher education systems are faced with challenges that include expanding access, containing costs, and ensuring the quality and relevance of provision. The project on benchmarking higher education system performance provides a comprehensive and empirically rich review of the higher education landscape across OECD countries, taking stock of how well they are performing in meeting their education, research and engagement responsibilities.
    DOI: 10.1787/be5514d7-en
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    Working Better with Age (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264455269 , 9789264626348 , 9789264402195
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (80 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Working better with age
    Keywords: Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; OECD ; Ältere Arbeitnehmerin ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer
    Abstract: People today are living longer than ever before, but what is a boon for individuals can be challenging for societies. If nothing is done to change existing work and retirement patterns, the number of older inactive people who will need to be supported by each worker could rise by around 40% between 2018 and 2050 on average in the OECD area. This would put a brake on rising living standards as well as enormous pressure on younger generations who will be financing social protection systems. Improving employment prospects of older workers will be crucial. At the same time, taking a life-course approach will be necessary to avoid accumulation of individual disadvantages over work careers that discourage or prevent work at an older age; What can countries do to help? How can they give older people better work incentives and opportunities? This report provides a synthesis of the main challenges and policy recommendations together with a set of international best practices to foster employability, labour demand and incentives to work at an older age.
    DOI: 10.1787/c4d4f66a-en
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    Joint Audit 2019 – Enhancing Tax Co-operation and Improving Tax Certainty : Forum on Tax Administration (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264578630
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (76 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Joint Audit 2019
    Keywords: Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Taxation ; OECD ; Finanzverwaltung ; Grenzüberschreitende Kooperation
    Abstract: Improved dispute prevention and dispute resolution are key concerns for both business and tax administrations by creating incentives for low-risk behaviour among taxpayers and helping tax administrations to better match resources to tax risks. Joint Audits are an essential element in the Tax Certainty Agenda and allow tax administrations to operate efficiently and effectively in an increasingly global environment, co-operating ever more closely and frequently with each other to ensure compliance, tackle base erosion and profit shifting, and minimise the probability of costly and time-consuming disputes. The report sets out the most advanced form of audit-related tax co-operation, provides best practices and identifies possible areas of improvement and future work, not limited to the OECD Forum on Tax Administration.
    DOI: 10.1787/17bfa30d-en
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    Negotiating Our Way Up : Collective Bargaining in a Changing World of Work (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264524538 , 9789264850866 , 9789264362574
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Negotiating our way up
    Keywords: Tarifverhandlungen ; Tarifvertrag ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; OECD ; Tarifpolitik ; Tarifverhandlung ; Tarifvertrag
    Abstract: Collective bargaining and workers’ voice are often discussed in the past rather than in the future tense, but can they play a role in the context of a rapidly changing world of work? This report provides a comprehensive assessment of the functioning of collective bargaining systems and workers’ voice arrangements across OECD countries, and new insights on their effect on labour market performance today. The publication provides a detailed review of existing collective bargaining institutions and workers’ voice arrangements. It analyses the role of these institutions for employment, wages, labour market inclusiveness, as well as non-monetary aspects of job quality. The publication also discusses how collective bargaining can be mobilised to address emerging challenges in the labour market, and identifies the type of government intervention that may be required to do this. The report provides a resource for policy makers, trade unions and employers’ organisations interested in understanding how collective bargaining and workers' voice can be used to complement public regulation in shaping ever-changing labour markets.
    DOI: 10.1787/1fd2da34-en
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    Responding to Rising Seas : OECD Country Approaches to Tackling Coastal Risks (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264312487 , 9789264570986 , 9789264489790
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (176 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Hausse du niveau des mers : Les approches des pays de l'OCDE face aux risques côtiers
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Responding to rising seas
    Keywords: Küstenschutz ; OECD-Staaten ; Kanada ; Deutschland ; Neuseeland ; Großbritannien ; Environment ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Deutschland ; Kanada ; Neuseeland ; Großbritannien ; Küstenschutz
    Abstract: There is an urgent need to ensure that coastal areas are adapting to the impacts of climate change. Risks in these areas are projected to increase because of rising sea levels and development pressures. This report reviews how OECD countries can use their national adaptation planning processes to respond to this challenge. Specifically, the report examines how countries approach shared costs and responsibilities for coastal risk management and how this encourages or hinders risk-reduction behaviour by households, businesses and different levels of government. The report outlines policy tools that national governments can use to encourage an efficient, effective and equitable response to ongoing coastal change. It is informed by new analysis on the future costs of sea-level rise, and the main findings from four case studies (Canada, Germany, New Zealand and the United Kingdom).
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264312487-en
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    The Sharing and Gig Economy: Effective Taxation of Platform Sellers : Forum on Tax Administration (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264874442 , 9789264357228 , 9789264814370
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (56 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The sharing and gig economy
    Keywords: Digitale Plattform ; Share Economy ; Selbstständige ; Steuer ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Taxation ; OECD ; Besteuerungsverfahren
    Abstract: This report looks at approaches to help ensure the effective taxation of those earning income from the sale of goods or services in the sharing and gig economy. It considers the different ways that tax administrations can best engage with platform sellers, sharing and gig economy platforms, and each other to enable more effective tax compliance. The report is divided into four chapters. The first chapter sets out the background to the sharing and gig economy and the role of online platforms. The second chapter provides some examples of current approaches that are being taken by OECD Forum on Tax Administration members that participated in this work. Chapter three sets out a range of options that tax administrations may wish to consider to help enable compliance in this sector. Finally, chapter four sets out three recommendations and considerations for possible further work: joint work between tax administrations and platforms on providing information and support to platform sellers; improving the evidence base to enhance understanding of the tax at risk in relation to platforms; and assisting in the possible development of a legislative model for standardised reporting by sharing and gig economy platforms.
    DOI: 10.1787/574b61f8-en
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    Harmful Tax Practices - 2018 Progress Report on Preferential Regimes : Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 5 (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264311480 , 9789264313453 , 9789264313712
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (64 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Pratiques Fiscales Dommageables - Rapport d'étape de 2018 sur les régimes préférentiels : Cadre inclusif sur le BEPS : Action 5
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Harmful tax practices - 2018 progress report on preferential regimes
    Keywords: Steuerpolitik ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Steuerharmonisierung ; Transparenz ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur ; OECD ; Steuerpolitik ; Internationale Kooperation ; Transparenz
    Abstract: BEPS Action 5 is one of the four BEPS minimum standards which all Inclusive Framework members have committed to implement. One part of the Action 5 minimum standard relates to preferential tax regimes where a peer review is undertaken to identify features of such regimes that can facilitate base erosion and profit shifting, and therefore have the potential to unfairly impact the tax base of other jurisdictions. This progress report is an update to the 2015 BEPS Action 5 report and the 2017 Progress Report. It contains the results of review of all BEPS Inclusive Framework members’ preferential tax regimes that have been identified since the BEPS Project. The results are reported as at January 2019. In addition, the Inclusive Framework agreed on a new standard for substantial activities requirements for no or only nominal tax jurisdictions. This report includes the details of this new standard and the other work on additions to and revisions of the harmful tax practices framework. Finally it contains next steps for the work on harmful tax practices.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264311480-en
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    Making Dispute Resolution More Effective - MAP Peer Review Report, Hungary (Stage 1) : Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 14 (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264309982
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (84 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report: Hungary (stage 1)
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Ungarn ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; Hungary ; Bericht ; OECD ; Ungarn ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Ungarn ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Gewinnverlagerung
    Abstract: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The minimum standard is complemented by a set of best practices. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the stage 1 peer review of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by Hungary.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264309982-en
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    Making Dispute Resolution More Effective - MAP Peer Review Report, Iceland (Stage 1) : Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 14 (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264309968
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (76 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report: Iceland (stage 1)
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Island ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; Iceland ; Bericht ; OECD ; Island ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Island ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Gewinnverlagerung
    Abstract: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The minimum standard is complemented by a set of best practices. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the stage 1 peer review of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by Iceland.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264309968-en
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    Making Dispute Resolution More Effective - MAP Peer Review Report, Slovak Republic (Stage 1) : Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 14 (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264309890
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (88 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report: Slovak Republic (stage 1)
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Slowakei ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; Slovak Republic ; OECD ; Slowakei ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung
    Abstract: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The minimum standard is complemented by a set of best practices. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the stage 1 peer review of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by the Slovak Republic.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264309890-en
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    Good Jobs for All in a Changing World of Work : The OECD Jobs Strategy (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264311589 , 9789264311572 , 9789264308817
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (392 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Des emplois de qualité pour tous dans un monde du travail en mutation : La stratégie de l’OCDE pour l'emploi
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Good jobs for all in a changing world of work
    DDC: 330
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; OECD ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik
    Abstract: The digital revolution, globalisation and demographic changes are transforming labour markets at a time when policy makers are also struggling with persistently slow productivity and wage growth and high levels of income inequality. The new OECD Jobs Strategy provides a comprehensive framework and detailed policy analysis and recommendations to help countries promote not only strong job creation but also foster job quality and inclusiveness as central policy priorities, while emphasising the importance of resilience and adaptability for good economic and labour market performance in a rapidly changing world of work. The key message is that flexibility-enhancing policies in product and labour markets are necessary but not sufficient. Policies and institutions that protect workers, foster inclusiveness and allow workers and firms to make the most of ongoing changes are also needed to promote good and sustainable outcomes. “The OECD’s latest Jobs Strategy is a smart and sensible updating and rethinking of how countries should advance the goal of shared prosperity. I hope policymakers around the world not only read it but take its important advice.” Jason Furman, Professor Harvard Kennedy School and former Chairman of President Obama’s Council of Economic Advisers “Inequality, economic insecurity, economic exclusion, are making the headlines. Anger is high, populist rhetoric is on the rise. What can be done? What strategies to adopt? These are the challenging questions taken up by the new OECD Jobs Strategy report. I hope the report triggers the very serious discussions these issues deserve.” Olivier Blanchard, Senior Fellow at the Peterson Institute, Emeritus Professor at MIT and former Chief Economist of the IMF
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264308817-en
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    Open Government Data Report : Enhancing Policy Maturity for Sustainable Impact (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264305847
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (264 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Rapport sur les données ouvertes publiques : Encourager la maturité des politiques de données ouvertes pour un impact durable
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Open government data report
    Keywords: E-Government ; Daten ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; OECD ; Open Data ; Regierung ; E-Government ; Geschichte 2013-2017
    Abstract: This report provides an overview of the state of open data policies across OECD member and partner countries, based on data collected through the OECD Open Government Data survey (2013, 2014, 2016/17), country reviews and comparative analysis. The report analyses open data policies using an analytical framework that is in line with the OECD OUR data Index and the International Open Data Charter. It assesses governments’ efforts to enhance the availability, accessibility and re-use of open government data. It makes the case that beyond countries’ commitment to open up good quality government data, the creation of public value requires engaging user communities from the entire ecosystem, such as journalists, civil society organisations, entrepreneurs, major tech private companies and academia. The report also underlines how open data policies are elements of broader digital transformations, and how public sector data policies require interaction with other public sector agendas such as open government, innovation, employment, integrity, public budgeting, sustainable development, urban mobility and transport. It stresses the relevance of measuring open data impacts in order to support the business case for open government data.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264305847-en
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    Tax Challenges Arising from Digitalisation -Interim Report 2018 : Inclusive Framework on BEPS (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264293083
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (207 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Tax challenges arising from digitalisation - interim report 2018
    Keywords: Digitalisierung ; Steuerpolitik ; Steuerwirkung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Internationale Unternehmensbesteuerung ; Welt ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; Science and Technology ; OECD ; G-20-Staaten ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuerpolitik ; Digitalisierung
    Abstract: This interim report of the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS is a follow-up to the work delivered in 2015 under Action 1 of the BEPS Project on addressing the tax challenges of the digital economy. It sets out the Inclusive Framework’s agreed direction of work on digitalisation and the international tax rules through to 2020. It describes how digitalisation is also affecting other areas of the tax system, providing tax authorities with new tools that are translating into improvements in taxpayer services, improving the efficiency of tax collection and detecting tax evasion.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264293083-en
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    Case Studies on Leaving No One Behind : A companion volume to the Development Co-operation Report 2018 (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264309340 , 9789264309357 , 9789264309333
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (148 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Case studies on leaving no one behind
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Economics ; Entwicklungszusammenarbeit ; OECD
    Abstract: These case studies complement the 2018 Development Co-operation Report: Joining forces to leave no one behind. Case study contributors share knowledge and lessons on what it takes to answer the pledge of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development to leave no one behind through national and sub-national policies, strategies and programmes as well as international development co-operation projects, programmes and partnerships. The insights, good practices and lessons shared in these case studies were provided by diverse actors. These include official development co-operation ministries and agencies from members of the OECD and the Development Assistance Committee, international organisations, developing country governments, civil society organisations, business, and research bodies. The case studies highlight experiences from projects and programmes in leaving no one behind and reaching the furthest behind. They are organised and presented under two broad categories: 1. Reaching and including people and places; 2. The enabling role of international co-operation: policies, partnerships and data.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264309333-en
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    OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews: The Netherlands 2017 (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264278363
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (117 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD development co-operation peer reviews
    Keywords: Entwicklungshilfe ; Niederlande ; Development ; Netherlands ; Bericht ; Niederlande ; Entwicklungszusammenarbeit ; OECD ; Geschichte
    Abstract: The OECD’s Development Assistance Committee (DAC) conducts periodic reviews of the individual development co-operation efforts of DAC members. The policies and programmes of each DAC member are critically examined approximately once every five years. DAC peer reviews assess the development co-operation performance across government of a given member and examine policy, finance and implementation. They take an integrated, system-wide view of the development co-operation and humanitarian assistance activities and seek input from a wide range of stakeholders – civil society, parliament, private sector and partner countries. This review assesses the performance of the Netherlands, including looking at its integrated aid, trade and investment policy focus, and its approach to partnerships.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264278363-en
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    Caring for Quality in Health : Lessons Learnt from 15 Reviews of Health Care Quality (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264267787
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (84 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Care Quality
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Caring for quality in health
    Keywords: Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitswesen ; Qualität ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; OECD ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitsvorsorge
    Abstract: Over the past four years, the OECD has conducted a series of in-depth reviews of the policies and institutions that underpin the measurement and improvement of health care quality in 15 different health systems. This synthesis report draws on key lessons from the OECD Health Care Quality Review series. The objective is to summarise the main challenges and good practices to support improvements in health care quality, and to help ensure that the substantial resources devoted to health are being used effectively in supporting people to live healthier lives. The overarching conclusion emerging across the Health Care Quality Review series concerns transparency. Governments should encourage, and where appropriate require, health systems and health care providers to be open about the effectiveness, safety and patient-centredness of care they provide. More measures of patient outcomes are needed (especially those reported by patients themselves), and these should underpin standards, guidelines, incentives and innovations in service delivery. Greater transparency can lead to optimisation of both quality and efficiency – twin objectives which reinforce, rather than subvert, each other. In practical terms, greater transparency and better performance can be supported by changes in where and how care is delivered; changes in the roles of patients and professionals; and employing tools such as data and incentives more effectively. Key actions in these three areas are set out in the twelve lessons presented in this synthesis report.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264267787-en
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    Land-use Planning Systems in the OECD : Country Fact Sheets (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264268579
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (228 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Land-use planning systems in the OECD
    Keywords: Landnutzung ; Raumordnung ; OECD-Staaten ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; OECD ; Landnutzung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: This report provides an overview of spatial and land-use planning systems across the OECD. It contains country fact sheets that focus on formal aspects of planning systems, as they are defined by laws and regulations. The country fact sheets describe the responsibilities of each level of government with respect to spatial and land-use planning. They include a description of all spatial and land-use plans of a country and show their hierarchical relations in a diagram. For most countries, the fact sheets also contain key statistics on land use. A summary chapter provides an overview of the information in the country fact sheets and discusses land value capture tools, land expropriation procedures, reforms of the planning system, and other issues. The information provided in this report was collected through a survey that involved academic experts on planning from all 32 countries covered.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264268579-en
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    OECD Integrity Review of Peru : Enhancing Public Sector Integrity for Inclusive Growth (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264271029
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (232 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD integrity review of Peru
    Keywords: Anti-Korruption ; Öffentlicher Sektor ; Öffentliche Verwaltung ; Governance-Ansatz ; Peru ; Governance ; Peru ; OECD ; Peru
    Abstract: Public sector integrity is crucial for sustained socioeconomic development. This report assesses Peru's integrity system at both the central and subnational levels of government. It provides a set of recommendations to strengthen and consolidate this system, instil a culture of integrity, and ensure accountability through control and enforcement. Beyond reviewing the institutional arrangement of the system, the report analyses the policies and practices related to political finance, the promotion of public ethics and the management of conflict of interests, lobbying, whistleblower protection, internal control and risk management, as well as the disciplinary regime and the role of the criminal justice system in containing corruption.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264271029-en
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    OECD Handbook for Internationally Comparative Education Statistics : Concepts, Standards, Definitions and Classifications (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264279889
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (124 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Guide de l'OCDE pour l'établissement de statistiques internationalement comparables dans le domaine de l'éducation : Concepts, normes, définitions et classifications
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD handbook for internationally comparative education statistics
    Keywords: Bildungsstatistik ; Vergleich ; Statistische Methode ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; OECD ; Bildungsstatistik ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: For well over two decades, the OECD has developed and published a broad range of comparative indicators published yearly in the flagship publication Education at a Glance. These provide insights into the functioning of education systems, such as the participation and progress through education, the human and financial resources invested, and the economic and social outcomes associated with educational attainment. Through the set of harmonised indicators and definitions, they enable countries to view their education system in the light of other countries’ performance, practices and resources. Fundamental to the credibility and understanding of these comparisons are the concepts, definitions, classifications and methodologies that have been developed over the years to underpin the statistics and indicators. This Handbook draws these methodologies together in a single reference volume, complementing and providing an invaluable aid to users of Education at a Glance. In doing so, the Handbook aims to facilitate a greater understanding of the education statistics and indicators produced and so allow for their more effective use in policy analysis. Equally, it provides a ready reference of international standards and conventions for others to follow in the collection and assimilation of educational data. This edition updates the OECD Handbook for Internationally Comparative Education Statistics, last published in May 2004.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264279889-en
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    Policy Coherence for Sustainable Development 2017 : Eradicating Poverty and Promoting Prosperity (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264295759 , 9789264272576 , 9789264272583
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Policy coherence for sustainable development 2017
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Politisches Ziel ; UN-Entwicklungsziele ; Armutsbekämpfung ; OECD-Staaten ; Development ; OECD ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: With the adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, all nations committed to a set of universal, integrated and transformational goals and targets, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Translating the new vision of the SDGs into action is a major challenge. This year, Ministers will gather at the High-Level Political Forum of the United Nations to take stock of progress, with a particular focus on eradicating poverty and enhancing prosperity in a changing world. Against this backdrop, Policy Coherence for Sustainable Development 2017 seeks to inform policy making by showing how a policy coherence lens can support implementation efforts, drawing on OECD evidence and analysis. It identifies challenges and good institutional practices for enhancing policy coherence in SDG implementation, drawing on the experience of the early implementers of the SDGs. The report introduces eight building blocks for policy coherence for sustainable development as well as a conceptual “coherence monitor” to track progress on policy coherence. It also includes an analysis of the nine OECD countries’ voluntary national reviews which were presented at the 2016 High-Level Political Forum of the United Nations (Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Mexico, Norway, Korea, Switzerland and Turkey).
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264272576-en
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    Employment and Skills Strategies in the Philippines (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264273443 , 9789264273436 , 9789264295803
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (72 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews on Local Job Creation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Employment and skills strategies in the Philippines
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Kommunalpolitik ; Städtischer Arbeitsmarkt ; Bildungspolitik ; Philippinen ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Philippines ; Bericht ; Arbeitsmarkt ; OECD
    Abstract: Skills represent a key driver of development and growth in the Philippines. Educational attainment of the Filipino population has steadily increased in recent decades, but while the country is regionally successful within Southeast Asia, it has yet to reach the standards of more developed countries. This OECD report looks at the implementation of employment and skills development programmes in a sample of cities in the Philippines: Taguig City, Cebu City, and Davao City. Local governments in the Philippines have an active role in the management of employment and skills programmes through Public Employment Service Offices (PESOs). These offices are responsible for the implementation of a number of nationally regulated policies and programmes. All three cities are making a number of investments to better link people to jobs, develop a skilled workforce and attract new investment.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264273436-en
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    Multi-level Governance Reforms : Overview of OECD Country Experiences (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264272866
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (172 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Multi-level Governance Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Multi-level governance reforms
    RVK:
    ME 8000
    Keywords: Dezentralisierung ; Politische Reform ; Governance-Ansatz ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Decentralization in government ; Regional planning ; Fallstudiensammlung ; Bibliografie ; OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Dezentralisation ; Politische Reform
    Abstract: This report provides an overview of “multi-level governance” reforms in OECD countries. It looks at institutional reforms, which reorganise powers, responsibilities and resources across levels of government, as well as territorial reforms, which address territorial structures, often modifying regional and local government administrative areas. The report describes the rationale for different reforms, their characteristics and outcomes, as well as the obstacles faced by governments in designing and implementing them. The success - and failure - of past reforms provide useful lessons that can be applied to future reform efforts. The report includes five case studies that take an in-depth look at countries that have undertaken considerable multi-level governance reforms: Finland, France, Italy, Japan and New Zealand.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264272866-en
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    Tackling Wasteful Spending on Health (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264266599 , 9789264266414
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (304 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Tackling wasteful spending on health
    Keywords: Gesundheitskosten ; Gesundheitsökonomik ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; OECD ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Verschwendung
    Abstract: Following a brief pause after the economic crisis, health expenditure is rising again in most OECD countries. Yet, a considerable part of this health expenditure makes little or no contribution to improving people's health. In some cases, it even results in worse health outcomes. Countries could potentially spend significantly less on health care with no impact on health system performance, or on health outcomes. This report systematically reviews strategies put in place by countries to limit ineffective spending and waste. On the clinical front, preventable errors and low-value care are discussed. The operational waste discussion reviews strategies to obtain lower prices for medical goods and to better target the use of expensive inputs. Finally, the report reviews countries experiences in containing administrative costs and integrity violations in health.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264266414-en
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    The Governance of Land Use in OECD Countries : Policy Analysis and Recommendations (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264268609
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The governance of land use in OECD countries
    Keywords: Bodenpolitik ; Landnutzung ; Raumordnung ; OECD-Staaten ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Bericht ; OECD ; Landnahme
    Abstract: Land use has important consequences for the environment, public health, economic productivity, inequality and social segregation. Land use policies are often complex and require co-ordination across all levels of government as well as across policy sectors. Not surprisingly, land use decisions can be contentious and conflicts over land use are common across the OECD. This report argues that better land use governance requires the use of a broader set of public policies to influence land use. In particular, the incentives for particular land uses provided by fiscal instruments and tax policies need to be better aligned with land use objectives. The report furthermore analyses land use patterns across the OECD based on comprehensive land cover data. It shows that developed land is growing everywhere, but great variation exists between countries. Lastly, the report summarises insights from six in-depth case studies to show concrete examples of land use related challenges in OECD countries and the response of national, regional and local governments to them.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264268609-en
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    Preventing Ageing Unequally (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264279087
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (256 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Preventing ageing unequally
    Keywords: Alternde Bevölkerung ; Ältere Menschen ; Soziale Ungleichheit ; Lebensverlauf ; Verteilungskonflikt ; Generationengerechtigkeit ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; OECD ; Ruhestand ; Ungleichheit ; Einkommensverteilung
    Abstract: This report examines how the two global mega-trends of population ageing and rising inequalities have been developing and interacting, both within and across generations. Taking a life-course perspective the report shows how inequalities in education, health, employment and earnings compound, resulting in large differences in lifetime earnings across different groups. It suggests a policy agenda to prevent, mitigate and cope with inequalities along the life course drawing on good practices in OECD countries and emerging economies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264279087-en
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    Accrual Practices and Reform Experiences in OECD Countries (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264270572
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (95 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Accrual practices and reform experiences in OECD countries
    RVK:
    QP 824
    Keywords: Öffentliches Rechnungswesen ; Rechnungsabgrenzung ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Economics ; OECD ; Fiskalpolitik ; Rechnungswesen ; Rückstellung
    Abstract: Financial reporting is one of the foundations of good fiscal management. High-quality financial reports are essential to ensure that a governments fiscal decisions are based on the most up-to-date and accurate understanding of its financial position. Financial reports are also the mechanism through which legislatures, auditors, and the public at large hold governments accountable for their financial performance. Over the past two decades, a growing number of governments have begun moving away from pure cash accounting toward accrual accounting to improve transparency and accountability and better inform fiscal decision making. This study reviews and compares accounting and budgeting practices at the national government level in OECD countries. It also discusses both the challenges and benefits of accruals reforms. Finally, it looks at some steps countries are taking to make better use of accrual information in the future. This is a joint publication with the International Federation of Accountants and the OECD.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264270572-en
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    Diffuse Pollution, Degraded Waters : Emerging Policy Solutions (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264269064
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Water
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Diffuse pollution, degraded waters
    RVK:
    PN 797
    Keywords: Gewässerbelastung ; Wasserpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Governance ; OECD ; Wasserverschmutzung ; Kontrolle ; Wassergüte
    Abstract: After decades of regulation and investment to reduce point source water pollution, OECD countries still face water quality challenges (e.g. eutrophication) from diffuse agricultural and urban sources of pollution, that is disperse pollution from surface runoff, soil filtration and atmospheric deposition. The relative lack of progress reflects the complexities of controlling multiple pollutants from multiple sources, their high spatial and temporal variability, associated transactions costs, and limited political acceptability of regulatory measures. This report outlines the water quality challenges facing OECD countries today, presents a range of policy instruments and innovative case studies of diffuse pollution control, and concludes with an integrated policy framework to tackle diffuse water pollution. An optimal approach will likely entail a mix of policy interventions reflecting the basic OECD principles of water quality management – pollution prevention, treatment at source, the polluter pays and beneficiary pays principles, equity, and policy coherence.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264269064-en
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    National Urban Policy in OECD Countries (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264271906
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (136 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD 회원국의 국가도시정책
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD National urban policy in OECD countries
    Keywords: Kommunalpolitik ; Vergleich ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; OECD ; Kommunalpolitik ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Cities are crucial for national economic, social and environmental performance. A national urban policy (NUP) has been recognised by the international community as an important instrument for harnessing urbanisation to achieve national and global goals. This report, prepared for the United Nations Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban Development (Habitat III), provides an assessment of the state and scope of NUPs across 35 OECD countries. It also describes how urban policy, and its place in national political agendas, is evolving. This publication has been prepared for the Habitat III conference and builds on existing United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN Habitat) methodology. It is inspired by the joint work of UN-Habitat and the OECD following their co-leadership of Policy Unit 3 on National Urban Policies during the preparations for the New Urban Agenda. The findings of this report will contribute to the global monitoring process of National Urban Policy, as will the Global Report on National Urban Policy, jointly produced by UN Habitat and the OECD.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264271906-en
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    Harmful Tax Practices - 2017 Progress Report on Preferential Regimes : Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 5 (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264283954
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (48 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Harmful tax practices - 2017 progress report on preferential regimes
    Keywords: Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Konfliktregelung ; Taxation ; OECD ; G-20-Staaten ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Konfliktregelung
    Abstract: BEPS Action 5 is one of the four BEPS minimum standards that all Inclusive Framework members have committed to implement. One part of the Action 5 minimum standard relates to preferential tax regimes where a peer review is undertaken to identify features of such regimes that can facilitate base erosion and profit shifting, and therefore have the potential to unfairly impact the tax base of other jurisdictions. This progress report is an update to the 2015 BEPS Action 5 report and contains the results of the review of all Inclusive Framework members' preferential tax regimes that have been identified. The results are reported as at October 2017. The report also contains guidance on preferential tax regimes, including timelines for amending regimes, how certain features of preferential regimes will be monitored, and guidance on the requirement that jurisdictions offering preferential regimes must require substantial activities to be undertaken in the regime.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264283954-en
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    Broadening the Ownership of State-Owned Enterprises : A Comparison of Governance Practices (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264244603
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (108 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Broadening the ownership of state-owned enterprises
    Keywords: Öffentliches Unternehmen ; Eigentümerstruktur ; Aktiengesellschaft ; China ; Indien ; Neuseeland ; Polen ; Türkei ; Governance ; China, People’s Republic ; India ; New Zealand ; Poland ; Turkey ; Öffentliches Unternehmen ; OECD ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: The State continues to remain an important shareholder in listed companies worldwide, especially among emerging economies, which rely increasingly on mixed-ownership models. With the benefit of hindsight and more recent examples, this book provides fresh perspectives on the motivation to list state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and the process it entails. Drawing from the experiences of five economies (People's Republic of China, India, New Zealand, Poland and Turkey), the book concludes that broadened ownership generally has a positive impact on the governance and performance of these companies. However, country practices show that the act of listing cannot guarantee that these companies are completely averse to State interests; and deviations from sound corporate governance practices, as enshrined in the OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of SOEs, can in some cases, raise concerns with regards to non-State shareholder rights, commercial orientation, board independence, conflicting State objectives, transparency, disclosure and more.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264244603-en
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    A New Rural Development Paradigm for the 21st Century : A Toolkit for Developing Countries (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264252271
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (280 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als A new rural development paradigm for the 21st century
    Keywords: Ländliche Entwicklung ; Entwicklungsplanung ; OECD-Staaten ; Südkorea ; Südostasien ; China ; Elfenbeinküste ; Tansania ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Science and Technology ; OECD ; Ländliche Entwicklung ; Entwicklungsplanung
    Abstract: Three billion people live in rural areas in developing countries. Conditions for them are worse than for their urban counterparts when measured by almost any development indicator, from extreme poverty, to child mortality and access to electricity and sanitation. And the gulf is widening, contributing to large-scale migration to urban areas. This situation exists despite half a century of rural development theories and approaches, and despite the global momentum built around the Millennium Development Goals between 2000 and 2015. Without greater progress on rural development, it is unlikely that the new Sustainable Development Goals will be met. This book calls for a new paradigm for rural development that is equipped to meet the challenges and harness the opportunities of the 21st century – including climate change, demographic shifts, international competition and fast-moving technological change.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264252271-en
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    Committing to Effective Whistleblower Protection (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264252639
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (220 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Committing to effective whistleblower protection
    RVK:
    QP 341
    Keywords: Whistleblowing ; Anti-Korruption ; Öffentlicher Sektor ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; OECD ; Whistleblowing ; Schutz ; OECD ; Whistleblowing ; Schutz
    Abstract: Whistleblower protection is essential for safeguarding the public interest, for promoting a culture of accountability and integrity in both public and private institutions, and for encouraging the reporting of misconduct, fraud and corruption wherever it occurs. While many countries are increasingly developing legal frameworks to protect whistleblowers, more can be done to mainstream integrity and promote open organisational cultures. This report analyses whistleblower protection frameworks in OECD countries, identifies areas for reform and proposes next steps to strengthen effective and comprehensive whistleblower protection laws in both the public and private sectors.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264252639-en
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    Policy Guidance on Resource Efficiency (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264257344
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Policy guidance on resource efficiency
    Keywords: Ökoeffizienz ; Politikberatung ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; OECD ; Politikberatung ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Strategie
    Abstract: This report responds to the request by G7 Leaders at the Schloss Elmau Summit in June 2015, for the OECD to develop policy guidance on resource efficiency. Establishing a resource efficient economy is a major environmental, development and macroeconomic challenge today. Improving resource efficiency by putting in place policies that implement the principles of reduce, reuse, recycle (the 3Rs) is crucial to improving resource use, security and competitiveness while diminishing the associated environmental impacts.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264257344-en
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  • 74
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    OECD Regional Outlook 2016 : Productive Regions for Inclusive Societies (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264260290 , 9789264260245 , 9789264297753
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (304 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Perspectives régionales de l'OCDE 2016 : Des régions productives pour des sociétés inclusives
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD regional outlook 2016
    Keywords: Regionalentwicklung ; Regionales Wachstum ; Produktivität ; Regionalpolitik ; Ländlicher Raum ; Stadtentwicklung ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; OECD ; Region ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung
    Abstract: Regions and cities are where the effects of policies to promote economic growth and social inclusion are felt in day-to-day life. The OECD Regional Outlook 2016 examines the widening productivity gap across regions within countries, and the implications of these trends for the well-being of people living in different places. It discusses how structural policies, public investment and multi-level governance reforms can help boost productivity and address inclusion. Drawing on a survey of OECD countries, the Outlook highlights country practices in regional, urban, and rural development policy that guide public investment. The Special Focus Part II on rural areas looks at different types of rural area and their productivity performance trends, and suggests that countries move towards a “Rural Policy 3.0”. The Policy Forum on Regions and Cities: Implementing Global Agendas includes chapters by many leading global organisations on how regions and cities can be instrumental in achieving the targets of agreements such as the Paris Accord and the Sustainable Development Goals. Individual country profiles provide an overview of regional, urban and rural development policies as well as performance in terms of productivity and well-being among different regions.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264260245-en
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    The Governance of Inclusive Growth : An Overview of Country Initiatives (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264265189
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (492 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The governance of inclusive growth
    RVK:
    QG 000
    Keywords: Wachstumspolitik ; Entwicklungsstrategie ; Bürgerbeteiligung ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Bericht ; OECD ; Wirtschaftskooperation
    Abstract: Achieving inclusive growth relates closely to how governments work and how policies are designed, implemented, delivered and evaluated. This publication presents an overview of country initiatives concerning inclusive growth in 39 OECD member and partner countries. It was prepared in the context of the OECD Public Governance Ministerial Meetings held in Helsinki, Finland, on 28 October 2015. The publication focuses on four core issues: engaging with citizens and businesses for more inclusive policies and services; innovative policy design for inclusive growth; improving the delivery of services for and with citizens; and, strengthening accountability through better performance management and evaluation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264265189-en
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    Evaluation Systems in Development Co-operation : 2016 Review (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264262065
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Evaluation systems in development co-operation
    Keywords: Entwicklungshilfe ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Bewertung ; Welt ; Development ; Bericht ; OECD ; Wirtschaftskooperation ; Evaluation
    Abstract: Evaluation is widely recognised as an important component for learning and improving development effectiveness. Evaluation responds to public and taxpayer demands for credible information and independent assessment of development co-operation activities. The Development Assistance Committee’s Network on Development Evaluation supports members in their efforts to strengthen and continuously improve evaluation systems. The 2016 review of evaluation systems in development co-operation looks at the changes and trends in evaluation systems over the last five years. The report describes the role and management of evaluation in development agencies, ministries and multilateral banks. It provides information about the specific institutional settings, resources, policies and practices of DAC Evaluation Network members, and includes specific profiles on each member’s evaluation system. The study identifies major trends and current challenges in development evaluation. It covers issues such as human and financial resources, institutional setups and policies, independence of the evaluation function, reporting and use of evaluation findings, joint evaluation, and the involvement of partner countries in evaluation work. This report is part of the DAC Network on Development Evaluation’s ongoing efforts to increase the effectiveness of development co-operation policies and programmes by promoting high-quality, independent evaluation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264262065-en
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  • 77
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    The Governance of Inclusive Growth (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264257993
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The governance of inclusive growth
    Keywords: Wachstumspolitik ; Entwicklungsstrategie ; Bürgerbeteiligung ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Bericht ; OECD ; Wirtschaftswachstum
    Abstract: Public governance can make a broad-based contribution to sound, sustainable and inclusive growth. Aligning public governance tools and processes with the broader objectives of policy making for inclusive growth can help governments deal with the complexities that go hand-in-hand with reconciling growth and inclusiveness. These complexities include setting out a vision, ensuring that policies complement each other and that different parts of government work together towards common goals, and engaging stakeholders to improve effectiveness, delivery and inclusion. After describing the OECD approach to inclusive growth, the report discusses which public governance principles, tools and arrangements can be used, and when, to enable a whole-of-government shift towards inclusive growth.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264257993-en
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    Corruption in the extractive value chain : typology of risks, mitigation measures and incentives (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264256569
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (112 pages) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Development Policy Tools
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 채굴산업 가치사슬에서의 부패: 위험요인, 완화방안 및 인센티브 유형
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Corruption in the extractive value chain
    Keywords: Korruption ; Anti-Korruption ; Rohstoffwirtschaft ; Welt ; Development ; Bericht ; Weltwirtschaft ; Korruption ; Wertschöpfungskette ; OECD
    Abstract: One case of transnational corruption out of five occurs in the extractive sector according to the 2014 OECD Foreign Bribery Report. In this area, corruption has become increasingly complex and sophisticated affecting each stage of the extractive value chain with potential huge revenue losses for the public coffers. This report is intended to help policy makers, law enforcement officials and stakeholders strengthen prevention efforts at both the public and private levels, through improved understanding and enhanced awareness of corruption risk and mechanisms. It will help better tailoring responses to evolving corruption patterns and effectively countering adaptive strategies. The report also offers options to put a cost on corruption to make it less attractive at both the public and private levels.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264256569-en
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    Open Government : The Global Context and the Way Forward (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264268104
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Open government
    RVK:
    MF 7040
    Keywords: E-Government ; Bürgerbeteiligung ; Gesellschaft ; Governance ; OECD ; Öffentlicher Sektor ; E-Government ; Zivilgesellschaft ; Bürgerbeteiligung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: This report provides an in-depth, evidence-based analysis of open government initiatives and the challenges countries face in implementing and co-ordinating them. It also explores new trends in OECD member countries as well as a selection of countries from Latin America, MENA and South East Asia regions. Based on the 2015 Survey on Open Government and Citizen Participation in the Policy Cycle, the report identifies future areas of work, including the effort to mobilise and engage all branches and all levels of government in order to move from open governments to open states; how open government principles and practices can help achieve the UN Sustainable Development Goals; the role of the Media to create an enabling environment for open government initiatives to thrive; and the growing importance of subnational institutions to implement successful open government reforms.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264268104-en
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    School leadership for learning : insights from TALIS 2013 (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264258337 , 9789264258334 , 9264258345 , 9789264258341
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (176 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: TALIS
    Series Statement: Talis 2013
    Series Statement: Teaching and learning International survey
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als School leadership for learning
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als School leadership for learning
    Keywords: Teaching and Learning International Survey ; Teaching and Learning International Survey ; Schule ; Führungskräfte ; Lehrkräfte ; OECD-Staaten ; Educational leadership ; Educational leadership ; Educational leadership ; Educational leadership ; Education ; OECD ; Schule ; Lehrer ; Schulleiter
    Abstract: The OECD Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) is the largest international survey of teachers and school leaders. Using the TALIS database, this report looks at different approaches to school leadership and the impact of school leadership on professional learning communities and on the learning climate in individual schools. It looks at principals’ instructional and distributed leadership across different education systems and levels. Instructional leadership comprises leadership practices that involve the planning, evaluation, co-ordination and improvement of teaching and learning. Distributed leadership in schools explores the degree of involvement of staff, parents or guardians, and students in school decisions. How are principals’ and schools’ characteristics related to instructional and distributed leadership? What types of leadership are favoured across countries? What impact do they have on the establishment of professional learning communities and positive learning environments? The report notes that teacher collaboration is more common in schools with strong instructional leadership. However, about one in three principals does not actively encourage collaboration among the teaching staff in his or her school. There is room for improvement; and both policy and practice can help achieve it. The report offers a series of policy recommendations to help strengthen school leadership.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264258341-en
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    Better Ways to Pay for Health Care (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264258211
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Srivastava, Divya Better ways to pay for health care
    RVK:
    QX 700
    Keywords: Gesundheitsfinanzierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; OECD ; Gesundheitswesen ; Finanzierung
    Abstract: Payers for health care are pursuing a variety of policies as part of broader efforts to improve the quality and efficiency of care. Payment reform is but one policy tool to improve health system performance that requires supportive measures in place such as policies with well-developed stakeholder involvement, information on quality, clear criteria for tariff setting, and embedding evaluation as part of the policy process. Countries should not, however, underestimate the significant data challenges when looking at price setting processes. Data access and ways to overcome its fragmentation require well-developed infrastructures. Policy efforts highlight a trend towards aligning payer and provider incentives by using evidence-based clinical guidelines and outcomes to inform price setting. There are signs of increasing policy focus on outcomes to inform price setting. These efforts could bring about system-wide effects of using evidence along with a patient-centred focus to improve health care delivery and performance in the long-run.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264258211-en
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    Financing Democracy : Funding of Political Parties and Election Campaigns and the Risk of Policy Capture (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264249455
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Le financement de la démocratie : Financement des partis politiques et des campagnes électorales et risque de capture de l'action publique
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Financing democracy
    Keywords: OECD ; Politikfinanzierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; OECD ; Politik ; Finanzierung ; Demokratie
    Abstract: The recent debate on the role of money in politics has shed the light on the challenges of political finance regulations. What are the risks associated with the funding of political parties and election campaigns? Why are existing regulatory models still insufficient to tackle those risks? What are the links between money in politics and broader frameworks for integrity in the public sector? This report addresses these three questions and provides a Framework on Financing Democracy, designed to shape the global debate and provide policy options as well as a mapping of risks. It also features country case studies of Canada, Chile, Estonia, France, Korea, Mexico, United Kingdom, Brazil and India, providing in-depth analysis of their political finance mechanisms and challenges in different institutional settings.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264249455-en
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    Getting Skills Right: Assessing and Anticipating Changing Skill Needs (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264252073
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (96 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Getting Skills Right
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Desarrollando las habilidades correctas: Evaluar y anticiparse a los cambios en las necesidades
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Getting skills right: assessing and anticipating changing skill needs
    Keywords: Qualifikation ; Bildungspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Bericht ; OECD ; Berufsausbildung ; Bildungspolitik
    Abstract: Digitalisation, globalisation, demographic shifts and other changes in work organisation are constantly reshaping skill needs. This can lead to persistent skill shortages and mismatch which are costly for individuals, firms and society in terms of lost wages and lower productivity and growth. These costs can be reduced through better assessment and anticipation of changing skill needs and by improving the responsiveness of skills development to these changes. This report identifies effective strategies for improving labour market information on skill needs and ensuring that this information is used effectively to develop the right skills. It provides a comparative assessment of practices across 29 countries in the following areas: i) the collection of information on existing and future skill needs; ii) the use of this information to guide skill development policies in the areas of labour, education and migration; and iii) governance arrangements to ensure good co-ordination among the key stakeholders in the collection and use of skill needs information.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264252073-en
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    Health Workforce Policies in OECD Countries : Right Jobs, Right Skills, Right Places (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264239517
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (184 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Health workforce policies in OECD countries
    Keywords: Gesundheitsberufe ; Qualifikation ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Gesundheitspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; OECD ; Heilberuf ; Arbeitsmarkt
    Abstract: Health workers are the cornerstone of health systems, playing a central role in providing health services to the population and improving health outcomes. The demand and supply of health workers have increased over time in all OECD countries, with jobs in the health and social sector accounting for more than 10% of total employment now in several OECD countries. This publication reviews key trends and policy priorities on health workforce across OECD countries, with a particular focus on doctors and nurses given the preeminent role that they have traditionally played in health service delivery.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264239517-en
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    Drying Wells, Rising Stakes : Towards Sustainable Agricultural Groundwater Use (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264238701
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (170 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Water
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Drying wells, rising stakes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Drying wells, rising stakes
    DDC: 333.913
    RVK:
    AR 22140
    RVK:
    ZD 65200
    Keywords: OECD ; Grundwasser ; Landwirtschaft ; Ökologischer Landbau ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; OECD ; Landwirtschaft ; Bewässerung ; Wassernutzung ; Grundwasser ; OECD ; Landwirtschaft ; Bewässerung ; Wassernutzung ; Grundwasser
    Abstract: Groundwater has provided great benefits to agriculture irrigation in semi-arid OECD countries, but its intensive use beyond recharge in certain regions has depleted resources and generated significant negative environmental externalities. The report provides a characterisation of the diversity of groundwater systems, reviews policies in OECD countries, and proposes a package of recommendations to ensure that groundwater can sustain its services to agriculture and contribute to climate change adaptation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264238701-en
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    Material Resources, Productivity and the Environment (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264190504
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Green Growth Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Material resources, productivity and the environment
    Keywords: Natürliche Ressourcen ; Rohstoffvorkommen ; Produktivität ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Environment ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Natürliche Ressourcen ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: Improving resource productivity and ensuring a sustainable resource and materials management building on the principle of the 3Rs (reduce, reuse, recycle) is a central element of green growth policies. It helps to improve the environment, by reducing the amount of resources that the economy requires and diminishing the associated environmental impacts, and sustain economic growth by securing adequate supplies of materials and improving competitiveness. To be successful such policies need to be founded on a good understanding of how minerals, metals, timber or other materials flow through the economy throughout their life cycle, and of how this affects the productivity of the economy and the quality of the environment. This report contributes to this understanding. It describes the material basis of OECD economies and provides a factual analysis of material flows and resource productivity in OECD countries in a global context. It considers the production and consumption of materials, as well as their international flows and available stocks, and the environmental implications associated with their use. It also describes some of the challenges and opportunities associated with selected materials and products that are internationally-significant, both in economic and environmental terms (aluminium, copper, iron and steel, paper, phosphate rock and rare earth elements).
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264190504-en
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    OECD Companion to the Inventory of Support Measures for Fossil Fuels 2015 (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264239616
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (62 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Rapport accompagnant l'inventaire OCDE des mesures de soutien pour les combustibles fossiles
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD companion to the inventory of support measures for fossil fuels 2015
    Keywords: Fossile Energie ; Subvention ; Messung ; OECD-Staaten ; Energy ; Environment ; Taxation ; Trade ; OECD ; Fossiler Brennstoff ; Subvention
    Abstract: This publication is concerned with all policies that directly support the production or consumption of fossil fuels in OECD countries and in a selection of partner economies. It provides a useful complement to the online OECD database that identifies and estimates direct budgetary transfers and tax expenditures benefitting fossil fuels, and from which it derives summary results and indicators on support to fossil fuels, as well as policy recommendations. This report emphasises the problems that fossil-fuel subsidies cause in the context of broader policy efforts for mitigating greenhouse-gas emissions, and reviews the various reform initiatives that have already been taken at the international level (G-20, APEC, etc.). In addition, it presents the coverage, method and data sources used for constructing the online database, and further discusses caveats and data interpretation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264239616-en
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  • 88
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    G20/OECD Principles of Corporate Governance (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264236882
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (57 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Principes de gouvernement d'entreprise du G20 et de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als G20/OECD principles of corporate governance
    Keywords: Corporate Governance ; Regulierung ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; Quelle ; OECD ; Management ; Regulierung
    Abstract: The G20/OECD Principles of Corporate Governance help policy makers evaluate and improve the legal, regulatory, and institutional framework for corporate governance. They also provide guidance for stock exchanges, investors, corporations, and others that have a role in the process of developing good corporate governance. First issued in 1999, the Principles have become the international benchmark in corporate governance. They have been adopted as one of the Financial Stability Board’s Key Standards for Sound Financial Systems and endorsed by the G20. This 2015 edition takes into account developments in both the financial and corporate sectors that may influence the efficiency and relevance of corporate governance policies and practices.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264236882-en
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  • 89
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    Policy Framework for Investment, 2015 Edition (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264208667 , 9789264243910
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (150 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Cadre d'action pour l'investissement, édition 2015
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Policy framework for investment
    Keywords: Investitionspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; OECD ; Investitionspolitik
    Abstract: The objective of the Policy Framework for Investment (PFI) is to mobilise private investment that supports steady economic growth and sustainable development, contributing to the economic and social well-being of people around the world. Drawing on international good practices, the PFI proposes guidance in policy fields critically important for improving the quality of a country’s enabling environment for investment. It encourages policy makers to ask appropriate questions about their economy, their institutions and their policy settings to identify priorities, to develop an effective set of policies and to evaluate progress. First developed in 2006, the PFI was updated in 2015 to take into account feedback from numerous users at country and regional levels, as well as changes in the global economic landscape.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264208667-en
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  • 90
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    All on Board : Making Inclusive Growth Happen (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264235816 , 9789264218512
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (198 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als All on board
    Keywords: Development ; OECD ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Inklusion
    Abstract: All on Board: Making Inclusive Growth Happen puts forth a new approach to economic growth that goes beyond traditional monetary indicators and includes dimensions that reflect people's well-being. It introduces an analytical framework to assess economic growth based on a measurement of multidimensional living standards. The report also presents win-win policies that can deliver stronger growth and greater inclusiveness in areas such as: macroeconomic policies, labour market policies, education and skills, infrastructure and public services and development and urban policies. It underscores the need to assess and weigh trade-offs and complementarities between and among policies, and the crucial role of good governance in implementing an Inclusive Growth agenda.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264218512-en
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  • 91
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    The Innovation Imperative in the Public Sector : Setting an Agenda for Action (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264236561
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (72 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The innovation imperative in the public sector
    DDC: 352.367
    Keywords: Innovationsmanagement ; Öffentlicher Sektor ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; OECD ; Innovationsmanagement ; Öffentlicher Sektor
    Abstract: The public sector has to become more innovative if it is to tackle today’s complex challenges and meet society’s changing expectations. But becoming truly innovative requires deep and broad changes to organisational culture and operations. Drawing on evidence emerging from the OECD Observatory of Public Sector Innovation’s collection of innovative practices from around the world, this report looks at how to create a government where innovation is encouraged and nurtured.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264236561-en
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  • 92
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    Taxation of SMEs in OECD and G20 Countries (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264243507
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Tax Policy Studies no.23
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Taxation of SMEs in OECD and G20 countries
    RVK:
    QL 800
    RVK:
    QR 380
    Keywords: KMU ; Unternehmensbesteuerung ; OECD-Staaten ; Taxation ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb ; Unternehmensbesteuerung
    Abstract: Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are important for their contribution to employment, innovation, economic growth and diversity. This report examines the tax treatment of SMEs, the case for SME preferences, and the use of tax preferences and simplification measures for SMEs in thirty-nine OECD and G20 countries. It finds that many of the tax systems examined provide incentives to incorporate and to distribute income in certain types of capital form. Ideally, taxes should be neutral with regard to the business decisions of SMEs, including decisions related to their creation, form and growth. However, certain features of the tax system may disproportionately affect SMEs, for example, the asymmetric treatment of profits and losses, a bias toward debt over corporate equity, and the higher fixed costs of tax and regulatory compliance for small businesses. This report recommends that measures designed to address these concerns be carefully targeted to affected firms and seek to avoid introducing further distortions and complexity.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264243507-en
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  • 93
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    Social Impact Investment : Building the Evidence Base (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264233430
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (140 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Social impact investment
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Kapitalanlage ; Soziale Folgen ; Finance and Investment ; Kapitalanlage ; Soziales Engagement ; OECD
    Abstract: Social impact investment can provide new ways to more efficiently and effectively allocate public and private capital to address social and economic challenges at the global, national and local levels. While these innovative market-based approaches will not replace the core role of the public sector or the need for philanthropy, they can provide a potentially powerful means for leveraging existing capital. This report provides a framework for assessing the social impact investment market and focuses on the need to build the evidence base, in particular for impact assessment compared to existing social service delivery models. The report highlights the importance of further international collaboration in developing global standards on definitions, data collection, impact measurement and evaluation of policies as well as experience sharing between players in the market. International organisations can play an important role in facilitating these collaborations as well as conducting further analysis and data collection.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264233430-en
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  • 94
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    OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews: Germany 2015 (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264246133
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (92 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. DAC-Prüfbericht über die Entwicklungszusammenarbeit; Deutschland 2015
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD development co-operation peer reviews
    Keywords: Entwicklungshilfe ; Deutschland ; Development ; Germany ; Deutschland ; OECD ; Entwicklungshilfe
    Abstract: The OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) conducts periodic reviews of the individual development co-operation efforts of DAC members. The policies and programmes of each member are critically examined approximately once every five years. DAC peer reviews assess the performance of a given member, not just that of its development co-operation agency, and examine both policy and implementation. They take an integrated, system-wide perspective on the development co-operation and humanitarian assistance activities of the member under review.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264246133-en
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  • 95
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    Water and Cities : Ensuring Sustainable Futures (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264230149
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Water
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Wasser und Städte; Sicherung einer nachhaltigen Zukunft
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Water and cities
    DDC: 363.61
    Keywords: OECD ; Wasserversorgung ; Abwasserwirtschaft ; Stadtentwicklung ; Kommunalpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Stadt ; Infrastruktur ; Wasser ; Wasserversorgung ; Wasserwirtschaft ; Abwasser ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Wettbewerbsfähigkeit ; Stadtplanung ; Stadtentwicklung ; Environment ; OECD ; Stadtentwicklung ; Wasserwirtschaft
    Abstract: This report focuses on the urban water management challenges facing cities across OECD countries, and explores both national and local policy responses with respect to water-risk exposure, the state of urban infrastructures and dynamics, and institutional and governance architectures. The analyses focus on four mutually dependent dimensions – finance, innovation, urban-rural co-operation and governance – and proposes a solutions-oriented typology based on urban characteristics. The report underlines that sustainable urban water management will depend on collaboration across different tiers of government working together with local initiatives and stakeholders.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264230149-en
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  • 96
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    Income Inequality : The Gap between Rich and Poor (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264250024 , 9789264246010
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 14.5 x 22cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Insights
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Inégalités de revenu : l'écart entre les riches et les pauvres
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Desigualdad de ingresos : La brecha entre ricos y pobres
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Keeley, Brian Income inequality
    RVK:
    QI 200
    Keywords: Einkommensverteilung ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; OECD ; Einkommensunterschied ; OECD ; Einkommensunterschied
    Abstract: Income inequality is rising. A quarter of a century ago, the average disposable income of the richest 10% in OECD countries was around seven times higher than that of the poorest 10%; today, it’s around 9½ times higher. Why does this matter? Many fear this widening gap is hurting individuals, societies and even economies. This book explores income inequality across five main headings. It starts by explaining some key terms in the inequality debate. It then examines recent trends and explains why income inequality varies between countries. Next it looks at why income gaps are growing and, in particular, at the rise of the 1%. It then looks at the consequences, including research that suggests widening inequality could hurt economic growth. Finally, it examines policies for addressing inequality and making economies more inclusive.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264246010-en
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  • 97
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    In It Together: Why Less Inequality Benefits All (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264235120 , 9264232664
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (300 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als In it together
    DDC: 339.209177
    RVK:
    CC 7700
    RVK:
    MS 6500
    Keywords: Einkommensverteilung ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Aufsatzsammlung ; OECD ; Soziale Ungleichheit
    Abstract: The gap between rich and poor keeps widening. Growth, if any, has disproportionally benefited higher income groups while lower income households have been left behind. This long-run increase in income inequality not only raises social and political concerns, but also economic ones. It tends to drag down GDP growth, due to the rising distance of the lower 40% from the rest of society. Lower income people have been prevented from realising their human capital potential, which is bad for the economy as a whole. This book highlights the key areas where inequalities are created and where new policies are required, including: the consequences of current consolidation policies; structural labour market changes with rising non-standard work and job polarization; persisting gender gaps; the challenge of high wealth concentration, and the role for redistribution policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264235120-en
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  • 98
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    Indicators of Immigrant Integration 2015 : Settling In (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264238718 , 9789264234024
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (344 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les indicateurs de l'intégration des immigrés 2015 ; Trouver ses marques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Integration von Zuwanderern; Indikatoren 2015
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Indicators of immigrant integration 2015
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Indicators of immigrant integration 2015
    DDC: 330
    Keywords: Migranten ; Soziale Integration ; Sozialer Indikator ; EU-Staaten ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Einwanderer ; Integration
    Abstract: This joint publication by the OECD and the European Commission presents the first broad international comparison across all EU and OECD countries of the outcomes for immigrants and their children, through 27 indicators organised around five areas: Employment, education and skills, social inclusion, civic engagement and social cohesion (Chapters 5 to 12). Three chapters present detailed contextual information (demographic and immigrant-specific) for immigrants and immigrant households (Chapters 2 to 4). Two special chapters are dedicated to specific groups. The first group is that of young people with an immigrant background, whose outcomes are often seen as the benchmark for the success or failure of integration. The second group are third-country nationals in the European Union, who are the target of EU integration policy.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264234024-en
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  • 99
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    Health Data Governance : Privacy, Monitoring and Research (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264244566
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (198 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Health data governance
    Keywords: Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; OECD ; Medizinische Informatik
    Abstract: All countries are investing in health data. There are however significant cross-country differences in data availability and use. Some countries stand out for their innovative practices enabling privacy-protective data use while others are falling behind with insufficient data and restrictions that limit access to and use of data, even by government itself. Countries that develop a data governance framework that enables privacy-protective data use will not only have the information needed to promote quality, efficiency and performance in their health systems, they will become a more attractive centre for medical research. After examining the current situation in OECD countries, a multi-disciplinary advisory panel of experts identified eight key data governance mechanisms to maximise benefits to patients and to societies from the collection, linkage and analysis of health data and to, at the same time, minimise risks to the privacy of patients and to the security of health data. These mechanisms include coordinated development of high-value, privacy-protective health information systems, legislation that permits privacy-protective data use, open and transparent public communication, accreditation or certification of health data processors, transparent and fair project approval processes, data de-identification and data security practices that meet legal requirements and public expectations without compromising data utility and a process to continually assess and renew the data governance framework as new data and new risks emerge.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264244566-en
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  • 100
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    OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises, 2015 Edition (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264244160
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (80 p.)
    Edition: 2015
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Lignes directrices de l'OCDE sur la gouvernance des entreprises publiques, Édition 2015
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD guidelines on corporate governance of state-owned enterprises
    Keywords: Corporate Governance ; Öffentliches Unternehmen ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Quelle ; OECD ; Management ; Öffentliches Unternehmen
    Abstract: The new OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises provide an internationally agreed benchmark to help governments assess and improve the way they exercise their ownership functions in state-owned enterprises. Good corporate governance of state-owned enterprises is a key reform priority in many countries. Improved efficiency and better transparency in the state owned sector will result in considerable economic gains, especially in countries where state ownership is important. In addition, creating a level playing field for private and state-owned enterprises will encourage a sound and competitive business sector. The Guidelines, first adopted in 2005, provide a set of good practices on the legal and regulatory framework for state-owned enterprises (SOEs), the professionalisation of the state ownership function and the corporate governance arrangements of SOEs. This new version of the recommendation was developed in the light of almost a decade of experiences with its implementation and a number of thematic and comparative studies, developed on the basis of the earlier version of the Guidelines, that showed the need for, and supported, their revision, including in areas such as disclosure and transparency, public-private competition, board practices and funding and financing of SOE.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264244160-en
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