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  • Online Resource  (8)
  • 1990-1994  (8)
  • Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands  (8)
  • Logic  (8)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Type Logical Grammar : Categorial Logic of Signs (1994)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands | Dordrecht : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401110426
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xiv, 307 p) , ill
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Artificial intelligence ; Computational linguistics ; Humanities ; Logic. ; Computational linguistics. ; Artificial intelligence. ; Linguistics.
    Abstract: This book sets out the foundations, methodology, and practice of a formal framework for the description of language. The approach embraces the trends of lexicalism and compositional semantics in computational linguistics, and theoretical linguistics more broadly, by developing categorial grammar into a powerful and extendable logic of signs. Taking Montague Grammar as its point of departure, the book explains how integration of methods from philosophy (logical semantics), computer science (type theory), linguistics (categorial grammar) and meta-mathematics (mathematical logic ) provides a categorial foundation with coverage including intensionality, quantification, featural polymorphism, domains and constraints. For the first time, the book systematises categorial thinking into a unified program which is at once both logically secured, and a practical tool for pure lexical grammar development with type-theoretic semantics. It should be of interest to all those active in computational linguistics and formal grammar and is suitable for use at advanced undergraduate, postgraduate, and research levels
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-1042-6
    URL: Volltext
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Philosophical Problems Today / Problèmes Philosophiques d’Aujourd’hui (1994)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401745222
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 217 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Institute of Philosophy / Institut International de Philosophie 1
    Series Statement: Philosophical Problems Today 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Philosophy—History. ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: Volume 1 in the new series, Philosophical Problems Today, contains articles on standard problems in European and American philosophy. Quine writes on truth and discusses various difficulties connected with the clear definition of the correspondence theory of truth. Strawson, in his articles on individuals, disputes the empiricist test for the status of entity of object. Sufficient identity-conditions are satisfied by a much wider range of objects. The concept of meaning is further extended and differentiated in the article by Habermas on speech acts and actions. The notion of communicative action is central to his argument. The study of formalism, by Agazzi, is in an important sense also a study of meaning. Although for the most part developed within mathematics, formal ways of thinking have been a basic tenet within philosophy and science ever since Aristotle. In his article, Ricoeur observes that the present philosophy of history no longer engages in the speculative system building as presented in the philosophy of Hegel, Marx and Toynbee. Our philosophy of history is rather a critical reflection of various issues connected with the transmission of historical meaning
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-4522-2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Diamonds and Defaults : Studies in Pure and Applied Intensional Logic (1993)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401582421
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 388 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 229
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Logic ; Computational linguistics ; Mathematical logic.
    Abstract: The papers collected in this volume, most of them derived from presentations at the Amsterdam Seminar on Intensional Logic, report recent work in pure and applied intensional logic, and are written by researchers from philosophical and mathematical logic, artificial intelligence and computational linguistics. Most of the contributions deal with modal or temporal logic, either as a topic or as a tool. Another major theme in the book may be described as `representing changing information'. The papers constitute an important collection, addressing issues that have received a good deal of attention in recent years. The volume is aimed at researchers and students in logic, both pure and applied, and artificial intelligence. It is also of interest to philosophers and computational linguists
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8242-1
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Consciousness, Knowledge, and Truth : Essays in Honour of Jan Srzednicki (1993)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401120609
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 195 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic ; Ontology ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Scholars from all the continents have written articles to celebrate the seventieth birthday of Jan Srzednicki, a thinker still at the height of his powers. Srzednicki's scientific work alternates between problems of Austrian and German philosophy and questions of political philosophy. The papers published in this volume discuss topics of general philosophy, in the clear and deep style both of Srzednicki's own philosophical work and of the authors investigated in his writings (mainly Brentano and the Polish tradition of analytic philosophy). The topics developed pertain to the fields of epistemology (common sense, knowledge and objectivity, truth and perception) and of logic and philosophy of logic (paraconsistent logic, definition and duality)
    Description / Table of Contents: G. E. Moore on Common Sense and the External WorldCrimes Against Common Sense -- Object and Objectivity -- Formal Qualities -- A Formal Analysis of Cognition and Knowledge -- Ostensive Definition as a Prototype of Real Definition -- Opposition, Obversion and Duality -- On a Sequence of Contradiction-Tolerating Logics -- On Truth -- Brentano on “Unconscious Consciousness” -- Kant’s Complaint of a Wretched Subterfuge -- Social Planning, Constitutionalism and Pluralistic Sequentialism -- Index of Names.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-2060-9
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Erkenntnis Orientated: A Centennial Volume for Rudolf Carnap and Hans Reichenbach (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401134903
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IV, 471 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Logic ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Hans Reichenbach Remembered -- Die vergessene Rezension der “allgemeinen Erkenntnislehre” Moritz Schlicks durch Hans Reichenbach — Ein Stück Philosophiegeschichte -- The Space Problem in the New Quantum Mechanics -- The Causal Relation as the Most Fundamental Fact of the World. Comments on Hans Reichenbach’s Paper: The Space Problem in the New Quantum Mechanics -- Reichenbach’s Metaphysical Picture -- Equivalent Descriptions -- Hans Reichenbach’s Vindication of Induction -- Reichenbach, Induction, and Discovery -- Causal Inference -- Causation and the Direction of Time -- How to Hunt Quantum Causes -- Creation as a Pseudo-Explanation in Current Physical Cosmology -- After Carnap -- Making Sense of Carnap’s “Aufbau” -- Die Konstruktion der Erfahrungswelt: Carnap und Husserl -- Carnap und der Physikalismus -- Carnap, the Universality of Language and Extremality Axioms -- A Theory about Logical Theories of “Expressions of the Form ‘The So and So’, where ‘The’ is in the Singular” -- Every Dogma Has Its Day -- Relevant Deduction: From Solving Paradoxes Towards a General Theory -- Carnapian Inductive Logic for Markov Chains -- Zur Geschichte der ‘Erkenntnis’.
    Abstract: Rudolf Carnap was born on May 18, 1891, and Hans Reichenbach on September 26 in the same year. They are two of the greatest philosophers of this century, and they are eminent representatives of what is perhaps the most powerful contemporary philosophical movement. Moreover, they founded the journal Erkenntnis. This is ample reason for presenting, on behalf of Erkenntnis, a collection of essays in honor of them and their philosophical work. I am less sure, however, whether it is a good time for resuming their philosophical impact; their work still is rather part than historical basis of the present philosophical melting-pot. Their basic philosophical theses have currently, it may seem, not so high a standing, but their impact can be seen in numerous detailed issues; they have opened or pushed forward lively fields of research which are still very actively pursued not only within philosophy, but also in many neighboring disciplines. Whatever the present balance of opinions about their philosophical ideas, there is something even more basic in their philosophy than their tenets which is as fresh, as stimulating, as exemplary as ever. I have in mind their way of philosophizing, their conception of how to do philosophy. It is always a good time for reinforcing that conception; and if this volume would manage to do so, it would fully serve its purpose.
    Description / Table of Contents: Hans Reichenbach RememberedDie vergessene Rezension der “allgemeinen Erkenntnislehre” Moritz Schlicks durch Hans Reichenbach - Ein Stück Philosophiegeschichte -- The Space Problem in the New Quantum Mechanics -- The Causal Relation as the Most Fundamental Fact of the World. Comments on Hans Reichenbach’s Paper: The Space Problem in the New Quantum Mechanics -- Reichenbach’s Metaphysical Picture -- Equivalent Descriptions -- Hans Reichenbach’s Vindication of Induction -- Reichenbach, Induction, and Discovery -- Causal Inference -- Causation and the Direction of Time -- How to Hunt Quantum Causes -- Creation as a Pseudo-Explanation in Current Physical Cosmology -- After Carnap -- Making Sense of Carnap’s “Aufbau” -- Die Konstruktion der Erfahrungswelt: Carnap und Husserl -- Carnap und der Physikalismus -- Carnap, the Universality of Language and Extremality Axioms -- A Theory about Logical Theories of “Expressions of the Form ‘The So and So’, where ‘The’ is in the Singular” -- Every Dogma Has Its Day -- Relevant Deduction: From Solving Paradoxes Towards a General Theory -- Carnapian Inductive Logic for Markov Chains -- Zur Geschichte der ‘Erkenntnis’.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3490-3
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Problem of Reductionism in Science : Colloquium of the Swiss Society of Logic and Philosophy of Science, Zürich, May 18-19, 1990 (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands | Dordrecht : Imprint: Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401134927
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xviii, 214 p)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Episteme, A Series in the Foundational, Methodological, Philosophical, Psychological, Sociological, and Political Aspects of the Sciences, Pure and Applied 18
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic ; Philosophy of nature ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy. ; Logic. ; Philosophy of nature. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Reductionism as Negation of the Scientific Spirit -- The Power and Limits of Reduction -- Theory of Antireductionist Arguments:The Bohr Case Study -- A Short History of Emergence and Reductionism -- The Technical Problem of “Full Abstractness” as a Model for an Issue in Reductionism -- A Neutral Reduction: Analytical Method and Positivism -- Reductionism and Reduction in Logic and in Mathematics -- Reductionism in Biology -- Reductionism: Palaver without Precedent -- Must a Science of Artificial Intelligence be Necessarily Reductionist? -- Can Psychological Software be Reduced to Physiological Hardware? -- On the Problem of Reducing Value-Components in Epistemology -- Index Of Names.
    Abstract: The topic to which this book is devoted is reductionism, and not reduction. The difference in the adoption of these two denominations is not, contrary to what might appear at first sight, just a matter of preference between a more abstract (reductionism) or a more concrete (reduction) terminology for indicating the same sUbject matter. In fact, the difference is that between a philosophical doctrine (or, perhaps, simply a philosophical tenet or claim) and a scientific procedure. Of course, this does not mean that these two fields are separated; they are only distinct, and this already means that they are also likely to be interrelated. However it is useful to consider them separately, if at least to better understand how and why they are interconnected. Just to give a first example of difference, we can remark that a philosophical doctrine is something which makes a claim and, as such, invites controversy and should, in a way, be challenged. A scientific procedure, on the other hand, is something which concretely exists, and as such must be first of all described, interpreted, understood, defined precisely and analyzed critically; this work may well lead to uncovering limitations of this procedure, or of certain ways of conceiving or defining it, but it does not lead to really challenging it.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3492-7
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Semantic Foundations of Logic Volume 1: Propositional Logics (1990)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400905252
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXII, 388 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Nijhoff International Philosophy Series 35
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Logic ; Artificial intelligence ; Mathematical logic.
    Abstract: The Basic Assumptions of Propositional Logic -- Classical Propositional Logic - PC - -- Relatedness Logic: The Subject Matter of a Proposition - S and R - -- A General Framework for Semantics for Propositional Logics -- Dependence Logics - D, Dual D, Eq, DPC - -- Modal Logics - S4, S5, S4Grz, T, B, K, QT, MSI, ML, G, G* - -- Intuitionism - Int and J - -- Many-Valued Logics - L3, Ln, L?, K3, G3, Gn, G?, S5 - -- A Paraconsistent Logic: J3 -- Translations Between Logics -- The Semantic Foundations of Logic -- Summary of Logics.
    Abstract: This book grew out of my confusion. If logic is objective how can there be so many logics? Is there one right logic, or many right ones? Is there some underlying unity that connects them? What is the significance of the mathematical theorems about logic which I've learned if they have no connection to our everyday reasoning? The answers I propose revolve around the perception that what one pays attention to in reasoning determines which logic is appropriate. The act of abstracting from our reasoning in our usual language is the stepping stone from reasoned argument to logic. We cannot take this step alone, for we reason together: logic is reasoning which has some objective value. For you to understand my answers, or perhaps better, conjectures, I have retraced my steps: from the concrete to the abstract, from examples, to general theory, to further confirming examples, to reflections on the significance of the work.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-0525-2
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Truth or Consequences : Essays in Honor of Nuel Belnap (1990)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400906815
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (396p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Logic ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: On Two Deflationary Truth Theories -- Some Reflections On The Prosentential Theory of Truth -- Paradox and Reference -- Two Theorems concerning Stability -- The Complexity of Decision Procedures in Relevance Logic -- Relevant Predication 3: Essential Properties -- The Dog: Relevance and Rationality -- Consistency and Logical Consequence -- On What Cannot Be -- Durations: Temporal Intervals with Gaps and Undetermined Edges -- Categorical Semantics -- The Myth of the Intuitionistic “Or” -- What Mathematical Truth Need Not Be -- A Tour of the Multivariate Lambda Calculus -- Choice Trees -- The Extensional but Hyper-Intensional Calculus C? with Orderless Constants and Variables -- A Skeptical Theory of Mixed Inheritance -- The Logic of Mitchill v. Lath -- What are Absolute Probabilities a Function of? -- How Prediction Enhances Confirmation -- Figures in a Probability Landscape -- Nuel Belnap: Curriculum Vitae -- Nuel Belnap: Doctoral Students -- Nuel Belnap: Publications -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: The essays in this collection are written by students, colleagues, and friends of Nuel Belnap to honor him on his sixtieth birthday. Our original plan was to include pieces from fonner students only, but we have deviated from this ever so slightly for a variety of personal and practical reasons. Belnap's research accomplishments are numerous and well known: He has founded (together with Alan Ross Anderson) a whole branch of logic known as "relevance logic." He has made contributions of fundamental importance to the logic of questions. His work in modal logic, fonnal pragmatics, and the theory of truth has been highly influential. And the list goes on. Belnap's accomplishments as a teacher are also distinguished and well known but, by virtue of the essential privacy of the teaching relationship, not so well understood. We would like to reflect a little on what makes him such an outstanding teacher.
    Description / Table of Contents: On Two Deflationary Truth TheoriesSome Reflections On The Prosentential Theory of Truth -- Paradox and Reference -- Two Theorems concerning Stability -- The Complexity of Decision Procedures in Relevance Logic -- Relevant Predication 3: Essential Properties -- The Dog: Relevance and Rationality -- Consistency and Logical Consequence -- On What Cannot Be -- Durations: Temporal Intervals with Gaps and Undetermined Edges -- Categorical Semantics -- The Myth of the Intuitionistic “Or” -- What Mathematical Truth Need Not Be -- A Tour of the Multivariate Lambda Calculus -- Choice Trees -- The Extensional but Hyper-Intensional Calculus C? with Orderless Constants and Variables -- A Skeptical Theory of Mixed Inheritance -- The Logic of Mitchill v. Lath -- What are Absolute Probabilities a Function of? -- How Prediction Enhances Confirmation -- Figures in a Probability Landscape -- Nuel Belnap: Curriculum Vitae -- Nuel Belnap: Doctoral Students -- Nuel Belnap: Publications -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-0681-5
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