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  • 1990-1994  (12)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (12)
  • Employment  (12)
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Material
Language
Years
Year
Author, Corporation
Publisher
Keywords
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Projecting the Occupational Structure of Employment in OECD Countries (1993)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (54 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.10
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Forecasts of employment by occupation have been made in several OECD countries since the early 1950s. Medium to long-term projections are now made in most OECD countries, and a number of countries publish them regularly. This paper by Gerald Hughes, of the Economic and Social Research Institute, Dublin, examines how their objectives, methods and uses have changed over the last three decades. It covers technical issues such as the standard method of projection using statistics for employment cross-classified by industry and occupation, the integration of information from other sources such as surveys of employer expectations, the confrontation of employment forecasts with separate models of labour supply, and the competing "rate of return" approach to investment in human capital. It also considers management issues such as the institutional status of the bodies that make forecasts, and methods of disseminating the results to training institutions, career advisers and other users.
    DOI: 10.1787/6d4d071d-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Preventing and Resolving Industrial Conflict : Seminar on Industrial Conflict Settlement in OECD Countries and Central and Eastern European Economies in Transition (1993)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (46 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.11
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The Centre for Co-operation with European Economies in Transition ("the Centre"), which was created in March 1990, is the focal point for cooperation between the OECD and Central and Eastern European countries. Its major responsibility is to design and manage a programme of policy advice and technical assistance which puts the expertise of the Secretariat and Member countries at the disposal of countries engaged in economic reform. This advice or assistance can take numerous forms, including conferences, seminars, missions and workshops in order to explore policy questions or review draft legislation; it can also include training for government officials who are called to implement market-oriented policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/2c81cefc-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Breadwinners or Child Rearers : The Dilemma for Lone Mothers (1993)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (131 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.12
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Lone-parent families, particularly the large majority headed by the mother, are over-represented among low income families. Employment and the resultant earnings represent a the main path out of economic disadvantage. This paper examines the pattern of labour force attachment of lone mothers in eight OECD countries. The factors which may affect their labour force participation are considered: the work incentives embedded in public transfer programmes and taxation systems, availability of child care, other arrangements which may help or hinder paid work for all mothers, and the characteristics of lone-mother families which may affect work behaviour. An appendix provides details on the public policies and programme structures affecting lone mothers in each of the eight participating countries: Australia, Austria, Canada, Finland, the Netherlands, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The report was compiled by Australia on behalf of a panel of experts nominated by the national administrations of the eight countries included.
    DOI: 10.1787/13b520e0-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Employment Policies for People with Disabilities : Report by an Evaluation Panel (1992)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (79 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.8
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This Occasional Paper contains a report by a panel of experts from fourteen OECD Member countries who compared their policies for the employment of persons with disabilities. It is preceded by a preface by a member of the OECD secretariat covering some of the major issues in this regard.
    DOI: 10.1787/e33fb502-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    From Labour Shortage to Labour Shedding : Labour Markets in Central and Eastern Europe (1992)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (34 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.9
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: All countries in Central and Eastern Europe are experiencing a switch from labour hoarding to labour shedding with rapidly rising unemployment. Identifying each country's specific labour market problems - in particular, those groups which are most vulnerable to unemployment - will be essential for developing appropriate policies. Based on detailed statistical information being collected by the OECD, this paper provides an overview of labour markets in Central and Eastern Europe, both prior to and since the start of the transition process. Section I of this paper describes the main characteristics of employment and wage structures which have been inherited from the former centrally-planned system in Central and Eastern Europe and also analyses longer-run demographic and labour force trends. Section II discusses more recent labour market developments, including the nature of employment losses, job creation in the private sector and the characteristics of the unemployed. Finally, some specific recommendations are provided on how to improve monitoring systems of labour market developments in these countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/fd3e9373-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Long-Term Unumployed and Measures to Assist Them (1992)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (104 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.7
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This Occasional Paper consists of an introduction, by a member of the Secretariat, giving some general reflections on measures to help reduce long term unemployment, and a report by a group of experts from eleven Member countries and representatives of the Commission of the European Communities in which the diverse national experience is reviewed and compared. The report contains an annex in which the different measures are summarised.
    DOI: 10.1787/5479eae3-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Equal Pay for Work of Comparable Worth : The Experience of Industrialised Countries (1991)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (86 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.6
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Equal pay is no longer discussed simply in relation to equal work. Equal pay for work of equal value has, in some countries, become a critical objective of policies against discrimination in employment. This report describes the degree to which the concept of work of equal value has been incorporated into equal pay legislation and collective bargaining in thirteen OECD countries. It also emphasizes the problems encountered when implementing this type of policy. and attempts to establish its real and potential impact.
    DOI: 10.1787/f57ecbf7-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wage Differentials, Entry and the Job Generation Process in Germany (1991)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (25 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.5
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany
    Abstract: Based on information from the employment records of individual establishments in western Germany (Federal Republic of Germany before the German unification) between 1977-1988, it is possible to shed some light on the characteristics and determinants of the job generation process. Data for this study were drawn from the Employment Statistics register of the Federal Office of Labour (Bundesanstalt flir Arbeit) and cover almost 80 per cent of total employment. The central finding of the paper is that trend employment growth is, to a large extent, accommodated by plant openings rather than by the expansion of already existing units. While new establishments are subject to high failure rates, the growth of survivors almost completely offsets job losses due to plant closures. Furthermore, statistical analyses of entries and exits provide some support for the hypothesis that reduced wage differentials within any sector negatively affect the pace of entry of new establishments. These results could be relevant for the current debate on the determinants of the poor employment performance of Germany in the 1980s. In pai1icular, they raise the possibility that reduced wage differentials, associated with labour market policies and collectivistic wage agreements in the 1980s, played an important role in lowering the job generation potential of western Germany.
    DOI: 10.1787/b5b07b92-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Health and Pension Reform in Japan (1990)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (66 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.2
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Japan
    Abstract: The size, structure and growth of health and pension programmes have, in recent years, been matters of concern to all OECD governments and societies. At issue are not only currently important social and economic questions, but also future difficulties which are likely to arise with the ageing of OECD population structures. Japan has the fastest ageing population structure in the OECD. In 1960 the proportion of the population aged 65 and over in Japan was 5 per cent. In 1985 this proportion was 10 per cent, and in 2000 it is projected to be 15 per cent. The resulting pressures on social programmes are well understood in Japan, and the way in which the Japanese government and people are approaching this issue is of interest to other countries which must soon face similar problems.
    DOI: 10.1787/8d2cb389-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wrongful Termination Litigation in the United States and its Effect on the Employment Relationship (1990)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (38 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.3
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United States
    Abstract: Over the last decade, employment law in the United States has ceased to be governed solely by the right to 11 at will 11 termination on either side. As a result of a series of decisions in the civil courts of the various states, employers have become liable for damages - often very heavy - for dismissals which have been held to be unfair. A dismissal may be considered 11 unfair 11 because it violates public policy, because it breaches an implied contract or because it breaches an implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing. The resultant restrictions on the right to fire are reminiscent of employment security laws in Europe.
    DOI: 10.1787/d220b236-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Statistics of Annual Earnings in OECD Countries (1990)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (46 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.4
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Existing multi-country earnings statistics generally relate to only a fraction of the economy's industries and occupations, often to manual workers in manufacturing industry. This paper discusses the annual basis of measurement, which has particular advantages when aggregations or comparisons of earnings need to be made across sectors, occupations, or countries that have markedly differing payment systems. Three main types of statistic of annual earnings are identified: estimates of annual earnings of the Average Production Worker (in manufacturing only), made in connection with OECD calculations of tax rates; aggregate wages and salaries per employee, corrected onto a full-time equivalent basis; and statistics based on individual data, which may come from household surveys, employer surveys or tax and social security records. Some comparisons among the available statistics examine to what extent the differing indicators give similar impressions as regards the level and trend of earnings.
    DOI: 10.1787/1f7d9df7-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    An Economic Framework for the Evaluation of Child Care Policy (1990)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.1
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The child-care debate is fuelled by various protagonists - early-childhood experts, educators, sociologists, economists - who each tend to consider only one aspect of this multifaceted problem. Consequently, the debate is often confused and inconclusive, particularly when it comes to establishing government policy. To ensure rationality in such public decisions, a general framework is needed to encompass all relevant aspects. This paper proposes a methodological approach to designing such a framework.
    DOI: 10.1787/796428e8-en
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
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