Ihre E-Mail wurde erfolgreich gesendet. Bitte prüfen Sie Ihren Maileingang.

Leider ist ein Fehler beim E-Mail-Versand aufgetreten. Bitte versuchen Sie es erneut.

Vorgang fortführen?

Exportieren
  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Takeover laws and financial development (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (51 S.)
    Ausgabe: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Nenova, Tatiana Takeover laws and financial development
    Paralleltitel: Nenova, Tatiana Takeover Laws And Financial Development
    Schlagwort(e): Übernahme ; Gesellschaftsrecht ; Kapitalmarktrecht ; Acquisition ; Bank ; Banks ; Companies ; Company ; Corporate Law ; Corporate Regulations ; Debt Markets ; Directors ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Institutional Investors ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Investor Protection ; Investors ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Microfinance ; Minority Shareholders ; Private Sector Development ; Proxy ; Acquisition ; Bank ; Banks ; Companies ; Company ; Corporate Law ; Corporate Regulations ; Debt Markets ; Directors ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Institutional Investors ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Investor Protection ; Investors ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Microfinance ; Minority Shareholders ; Private Sector Development ; Proxy ; Acquisition ; Bank ; Banks ; Companies ; Company ; Corporate Law ; Corporate Regulations ; Debt Markets ; Directors ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Institutional Investors ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Investor Protection ; Investors ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Microfinance ; Minority Shareholders ; Private Sector Development ; Proxy
    Kurzfassung: The issue of 'an appropriate' legal framework, especially in the case of the takeover market, has been poorly studied in the case of emerging markets, yet it is of immediate relevance and practical policymaker interest. The study makes a first attempt to analyze takeover regulations in a comparative context across 50 countries. It proposes a methodology to create a detailed index on the most salient features of capital market laws, and illustrates the approach on the case of takeover legislation. The methodology allows better understanding of the impact of laws on markets and development, allows a detailed quantification of a given regulation, in this case takeover market rules, and helps determine relevant policy implications. Specifically, the framework permits the exploration of the effects of individual regulations, their substitutability and interplay, as well as the overall extent of friendliness of the laws to investors, or particular groups thereof (such as minority shareholders), and the links of specialized regulation with the overall legal system. Finally, the study explores the effect of the investor-friendliness of takeover laws on stock market development.
    Anmerkung: Gesehen am 01.02.2013
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Governance And Private Investment In The Middle East And North Africa (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (65 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Nabli, Mustapha Kamel Governance And Private Investment In The Middle East And North Africa
    Schlagwort(e): Accountability ; Bureaucratic Quality ; Civil Liberties ; Corruption ; Debt Markets ; Democratic Institutions ; Economic Activity ; Economic Policies ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Development ; Financial Literacy ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Governance Institutions ; Governance Quality ; Human Development ; Investment Climate ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; National Governance ; Non Bank Financial Institutions ; Participation ; Political Economy ; Political Instability ; Political Rights ; Political Stability ; Private Sector Development ; Property Rights ; Rule of Law ; Security ; Social Protections and Labor ; Accountability ; Bureaucratic Quality ; Civil Liberties ; Corruption ; Debt Markets ; Democratic Institutions ; Economic Activity ; Economic Policies ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Development ; Financial Literacy ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Governance Institutions ; Governance Quality ; Human Development ; Investment Climate ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; National Governance ; Non Bank Financial Institutions ; Participation ; Political Economy ; Political Instability ; Political Rights ; Political Stability ; Private Sector Development ; Property Rights ; Rule of Law ; Security ; Social Protections and Labor ; Accountability ; Bureaucratic Quality ; Civil Liberties ; Corruption ; Debt Markets ; Democratic Institutions ; Economic Activity ; Economic Policies ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Development ; Financial Literacy ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Governance Institutions ; Governance Quality ; Human Development ; Investment Climate ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; National Governance ; Non Bank Financial Institutions ; Participation ; Political Economy ; Political Instability ; Political Rights ; Political Stability ; Private Sector Development ; Property Rights ; Rule of Law ; Security ; Social Protections and Labor
    Kurzfassung: This paper addresses the issue of the low level of private investment in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, with special emphasis on the role of governance. Based on the existing literature, the authors categorize what types of governance institutions are more detrimental to entrepreneurial investments. They then estimate a simultaneous model of private investment and governance quality where economic policies concurrently explain both variables. The empirical results show that governance plays a significant role in private investment decisions. This result is particularly true in the case of "administrative quality" in the form of control of corruption, bureaucratic quality, investment-friendly profile of administration, and law and order, as well as for "political stability." Evidence in favor of "public accountability" seems, however, less robust. The estimations also stress that structural reforms-such as financial development and trade openness-and human development affect private investment decisions directly, and/or through their positive impact on governance. These findings bring new empirical evidence on the subject of private investment in the developing world and in MENA countries in particular
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Regional Impacts of Russia's Accession To The World Trade Organization (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (83 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Rutherford, Thomas Regional Impacts of Russia's Accession To The World Trade Organization
    Schlagwort(e): Competitiveness ; Consumption ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Economic Theory ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economy ; Emerging Markets ; Equilibrium ; Exchange ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Free Trade ; Goods ; Imperfect Competition ; Information and Communication Technologies ; International Economics & Trade ; International Trade ; Investment ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets ; Markets and Market Access ; Prices ; Private Sector Development ; Production ; Public Sector Development ; Competitiveness ; Consumption ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Economic Theory ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economy ; Emerging Markets ; Equilibrium ; Exchange ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Free Trade ; Goods ; Imperfect Competition ; Information and Communication Technologies ; International Economics & Trade ; International Trade ; Investment ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets ; Markets and Market Access ; Prices ; Private Sector Development ; Production ; Public Sector Development ; Competitiveness ; Consumption ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Economic Theory ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economy ; Emerging Markets ; Equilibrium ; Exchange ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Free Trade ; Goods ; Imperfect Competition ; Information and Communication Technologies ; International Economics & Trade ; International Trade ; Investment ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets ; Markets and Market Access ; Prices ; Private Sector Development ; Production ; Public Sector Development
    Kurzfassung: In this paper we develop a computable general equilibrium model of the regions of Russia to assess the impact of accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) on the regions of Russia. We estimate that the average gain in welfare as a percentage of consumption for the whole country is 7.8 percent (or 4.3 percent of consumption); we estimate that three regions will gain considerably more: Northwest (11.2 percent), St. Petersburg (10.6 percent) and Far East (9.7 percent). We estimate that the Urals will gain only 6.2 percent of consumption, considerably less than the national average. The principal explanation in our central analysis for the differences across regions is the ability of the different regions to benefit from a reduction in barriers against foreign direct investment. The three regions with the largest welfare gains are clearly the regions with the estimated largest shares of multinational investment. But the Urals has attracted relatively little FDI in the service sectors. An additional reason for differences across regions is quantified in our sensitivity analysis: regions may gain more from WTO accession if they can succeed in creating a good investment climate
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Banking Sector Openness And Economic Growth (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (32 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Bayraktar, Nihal Banking Sector Openness And Economic Growth
    Schlagwort(e): Accounting ; Auditing ; Bank ; Banking ; Banking Sector ; Banking Services ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Borrowing ; Capital ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Integration ; Financial Intermediation ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Markets ; Financial Services ; Foreign Banks ; Labor Pollution ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Social Protections and Labor ; Accounting ; Auditing ; Bank ; Banking ; Banking Sector ; Banking Services ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Borrowing ; Capital ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Integration ; Financial Intermediation ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Markets ; Financial Services ; Foreign Banks ; Labor Pollution ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Social Protections and Labor ; Accounting ; Auditing ; Bank ; Banking ; Banking Sector ; Banking Services ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Borrowing ; Capital ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Integration ; Financial Intermediation ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Markets ; Financial Services ; Foreign Banks ; Labor Pollution ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Social Protections and Labor
    Kurzfassung: Banking sector openness may directly affect growth by improving the access to financial services and indirectly by improving the efficiency of financial intermediaries, both of which reduce the cost of financing, and in turn, stimulate capital accumulation and economic growth. The objective of the paper is to empirically reinvestigate these direct and indirect links using a more advanced econometric technique (GMM dynamic panel estimators). An illustrative model is presented to link financial market development with investment. The empirical results confirm the presence of direct and indirect links, and thus provide support for countries planning to open their banking sector for international competition
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Corporate Governance In Institutions Offering Islamic Financial Services : Issues And Options (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (46 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Grais, Wafik Corporate Governance In Institutions Offering Islamic Financial Services
    Schlagwort(e): Account Holders ; Accounting ; Agency Problem ; Bank Policy ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Central Bank ; Corporate Governance ; Corporate Law ; Debt Markets ; Depos Depositors ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange ; Federal Deposit Insurance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Holding ; Interests ; Islamic Finance ; Labor Policies ; Law and Development ; Private Sector Development ; Social Protections and Labor ; Account Holders ; Accounting ; Agency Problem ; Bank Policy ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Central Bank ; Corporate Governance ; Corporate Law ; Debt Markets ; Depos Depositors ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange ; Federal Deposit Insurance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Holding ; Interests ; Islamic Finance ; Labor Policies ; Law and Development ; Private Sector Development ; Social Protections and Labor ; Account Holders ; Accounting ; Agency Problem ; Bank Policy ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Central Bank ; Corporate Governance ; Corporate Law ; Debt Markets ; Depos Depositors ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange ; Federal Deposit Insurance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Holding ; Interests ; Islamic Finance ; Labor Policies ; Law and Development ; Private Sector Development ; Social Protections and Labor
    Kurzfassung: This paper reviews institutions offering Islamic financial services (IIFS) corporate governance challenges and suggests options to address them. It first points out the importance of corporate governance for IIFS, where it would require a distinct treatment from conventional corporate governance and highlights three cases of distress of IIFS. It then dwells on prevailing corporate governance arrangements addressing IIFS' needs to ensure the consistency of their operations with Islamic finance principles and the protection of the financial interests of a stakeholders' category, namely depositors holding unrestricted investment accounts. It raises the issues of independence, confidentiality, competence, consistency, and disclosure that may bear on pronouncements of consistency with Islamic finance principles. It also discusses the agency problem of depositors holding unrestricted investment accounts. The paper argues for a governance framework that combines internal and external arrangements and relies significantly on transparency and disclosure of market relevant information
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Deposit Insurance And Banking Reform In Russia (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (23 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Camara, Modibo K Deposit Insurance And Banking Reform In Russia
    Schlagwort(e): Bank ; Banking ; Banking Reform ; Banking System ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Commercial Banks ; Cred Deposit Insurance ; Debt Markets ; Deposits ; Emerging Markets ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Crisis Management and Restructuring ; Financial Deepening ; Financial Institutions ; Financial Intermediation ; Financial Literacy ; Industry ; Legal Finance ; Private Sector Development ; Bank ; Banking ; Banking Reform ; Banking System ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Commercial Banks ; Cred Deposit Insurance ; Debt Markets ; Deposits ; Emerging Markets ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Crisis Management and Restructuring ; Financial Deepening ; Financial Institutions ; Financial Intermediation ; Financial Literacy ; Industry ; Legal Finance ; Private Sector Development ; Bank ; Banking ; Banking Reform ; Banking System ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Commercial Banks ; Cred Deposit Insurance ; Debt Markets ; Deposits ; Emerging Markets ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Crisis Management and Restructuring ; Financial Deepening ; Financial Institutions ; Financial Intermediation ; Financial Literacy ; Industry ; Legal Finance ; Private Sector Development
    Kurzfassung: The objective of this paper is not to review the pros and cons of deposit insurance systems, but to focus, rather narrowly, on the recent adoption of a deposit insurance system (DIS) in Russia, the rationale offered, and the potential impact it might have on the stability and development of the Russian banking system. An attempt is made to draw some lessons from the implementation experience in Russia. The paper starts with a brief description of the Russian DIS, followed by an overview of the banking system's structure and some observations on the sequencing followed for adopting the DIS and the political economy of its adoption. It concludes with a discussion of areas requiring attention
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Access To Financial Services In Zambia (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (36 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: de Luna Martinez, Jose Access To Financial Services In Zambia
    Schlagwort(e): Bank ; Bank Branches ; Banking ; Banking Services ; Banking System ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Commercial Banks ; Credit Deposits ; Debt Markets ; Emerging Markets ; Enterprises ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Institutions ; Financial Intermediation ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Services ; Private Sector Development ; Bank ; Bank Branches ; Banking ; Banking Services ; Banking System ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Commercial Banks ; Credit Deposits ; Debt Markets ; Emerging Markets ; Enterprises ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Institutions ; Financial Intermediation ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Services ; Private Sector Development ; Bank ; Bank Branches ; Banking ; Banking Services ; Banking System ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Commercial Banks ; Credit Deposits ; Debt Markets ; Emerging Markets ; Enterprises ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Institutions ; Financial Intermediation ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Services ; Private Sector Development
    Kurzfassung: Despite the deep financial sector reforms undertaken in Zambia in the early 1990s, the expected benefits of establishing a market-based banking system has not materialized. In 2005 the banking system continued to be small and underdeveloped. Credit to the private sector by banks represented only 8 percent of GDP in 2005, which is slightly lower than the level registered in 1990. As in the early 1990s, only large corporations and a few small- and medium-size enterprises have access to credit in 2006. Moreover, less than 8 percent of Zambia's adult population had a bank account in 2005. And despite the open door policy to foreign financial institutions, which has been in place since Zambia's independence, only a few new banking products have been introduced by foreign banks to serve the needs of households and firms. This paper analyzes the factors that have prevented the development of a large and inclusive banking system in Zambia and highlights possible actions that may help improve access to finance in Zambia in both the short and long terms
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    The Macro Financing of Natural Hazards In Developing Countries (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (26 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Mahul, Olivier The Macro Financing of Natural Hazards In Developing Countries
    Schlagwort(e): Bank Policy ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Contingent Debt ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Developing Countries ; Economic Risk ; Emerging Markets ; Environment ; Exchange ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Instruments ; Financial Intermediation ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Markets ; Hazard Risk Management ; Insurance ; Insurance Markets ; Insurance Markets ; Insurance Penetration ; Insurance and Risk Mitigation ; Private Sector Development ; Urban Development ; Bank Policy ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Contingent Debt ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Developing Countries ; Economic Risk ; Emerging Markets ; Environment ; Exchange ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Instruments ; Financial Intermediation ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Markets ; Hazard Risk Management ; Insurance ; Insurance Markets ; Insurance Markets ; Insurance Penetration ; Insurance and Risk Mitigation ; Private Sector Development ; Urban Development ; Bank Policy ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Contingent Debt ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Developing Countries ; Economic Risk ; Emerging Markets ; Environment ; Exchange ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Instruments ; Financial Intermediation ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Markets ; Hazard Risk Management ; Insurance ; Insurance Markets ; Insurance Markets ; Insurance Penetration ; Insurance and Risk Mitigation ; Private Sector Development ; Urban Development
    Kurzfassung: The authors propose a financial model to address the design of efficient risk financing strategies against natural disasters at the country level. It is simple enough to shed analytical light on some of the key issues but flexible and realistic enough to provide some quantitative guidance on the ex ante financing of catastrophic losses. The risk financing problem is decomposed into two steps. First, the resource gap, defined as the difference between losses and available ex-post resources (such as post-disaster aid), is identified. It determines the losses to be financed by ex ante financial instruments (reserves, catastrophe insurance, and contingent debt). Second, the cost-minimizing financial arrangements are derived from the marginal costs of the financial instruments. The model is solved through a series of graphical analyses that make this complex financial problem easier to apprehend. This model captures and explains the main impacts of financial parameters (such as insurance premium, cost of capital) on efficient risk financing structures
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Development And The Interaction of Enforcement Institutions (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (21 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Dhillon, Amrita Development And The Interaction of Enforcement Institutions
    Schlagwort(e): Adverse Selection ; Asymmetric Information ; Competitiveness and Competition Policies ; Consumers ; Cred Economic Performance ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Equilibrium ; Expected Utility ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Fixed Costs ; Incentives ; Influence ; Insurance and Risk Mitigation ; Investment ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Marginal Costs ; Microfinance ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Social Protections and Labor ; Adverse Selection ; Asymmetric Information ; Competitiveness and Competition Policies ; Consumers ; Cred Economic Performance ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Equilibrium ; Expected Utility ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Fixed Costs ; Incentives ; Influence ; Insurance and Risk Mitigation ; Investment ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Marginal Costs ; Microfinance ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Social Protections and Labor ; Adverse Selection ; Asymmetric Information ; Competitiveness and Competition Policies ; Consumers ; Cred Economic Performance ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Equilibrium ; Expected Utility ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Fixed Costs ; Incentives ; Influence ; Insurance and Risk Mitigation ; Investment ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Marginal Costs ; Microfinance ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Social Protections and Labor
    Kurzfassung: The authors examine how institutions that enforce contracts between two parties-producers and consumers-interact in a competitive market with one-sided asymmetric information and productivity shocks. They compare an informal enforcement mechanism, reputation, the efficacy of which is enhanced by consumers investing in "connectedness," with a formal mechanism, legal enforcement, the effectiveness of which can be reduced by producers by means of bribes. When legal enforcement is poor, consumers connect more with one another to improve informal enforcement. In contrast, a well-connected network of consumers reduces producers' incentives to bribe. In equilibrium, the model predicts a positive relationship between the frequency of productivity shocks, bribing, and the use of informal enforcement, providing a physical explanation of why developing countries often fail to have efficient legal systems. Firm-level estimations confirm the partial equilibrium implications of the model
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Fiscal And Social Impact of A Nominal Exchange Rate Devaluation In Djibouti (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (42 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Anos Casero, Paloma Fiscal And Social Impact of A Nominal Exchange Rate Devaluation In Djibouti
    Schlagwort(e): Accounting ; Bank Policy ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Currency Devaluation ; Debt Markets ; Devaluation ; Developing Countries ; Economic Development ; Economic Stabilization ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange ; Exchange Rate ; Expenditures ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Fiscal and Monetary Policy ; Foreign Currency ; Goods ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Accounting ; Bank Policy ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Currency Devaluation ; Debt Markets ; Devaluation ; Developing Countries ; Economic Development ; Economic Stabilization ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange ; Exchange Rate ; Expenditures ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Fiscal and Monetary Policy ; Foreign Currency ; Goods ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Accounting ; Bank Policy ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Currency Devaluation ; Debt Markets ; Devaluation ; Developing Countries ; Economic Development ; Economic Stabilization ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange ; Exchange Rate ; Expenditures ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Fiscal and Monetary Policy ; Foreign Currency ; Goods ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction
    Kurzfassung: Limited fiscal space limits Djibouti's ability to meet the Millennium Development Goals and improve the living conditions of its population. Djibouti's fiscal structure is unique in that almost 70 percent of government revenue is denominated in foreign currency (import taxes, foreign aid grants, and military revenue) while over 50 percent of government expenditure is denominated in local currency (wages, salaries, and social transfers). Djibouti's economic structure is also unusual in that merchandise exports of local origin are insignificant, and the country relies heavily on imported goods (food, medicines, consumer and capital goods). A currency devaluation, by reducing real wages, could potentially generate additional fiscal space that would help meet Djibouti's fundamental development goals. Using macroeconomic and household level data, the authors quantify the impact of a devaluation of the nominal exchange rate on fiscal savings, real public sector wages, real income, and poverty under various hypothetical scenarios of exchange-rate pass-through and magnitude of devaluation. They find that a currency devaluation could generate fiscal savings in the short-term, but it would have an adverse effect on poverty and income distribution. A 30 percent nominal exchange rate devaluation could generate fiscal savings amounting between 3 and 7 percent of GDP. At the same time, a 30 percent nominal devaluation could cause nearly a fifth of the poorest households to fall below the extreme poverty line and pull the same fraction of upper middle-income households below the national poverty line. The authors also find that currency devaluation could generate net fiscal savings even after accounting for the additional social transfers needed to compensate the poor for their real income loss. However, the absence of formal social safety nets limits the government's readiness to provide well-targeted and timely social transfers to the poor
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 11
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Liberalizing Trade In Services : A Survey (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (62 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Hoekman, Bernard Liberalizing Trade In Services
    Schlagwort(e): Banks and Banking Reform ; Competitiveness ; Development ; Development Assistance ; Distribution ; Economic Growth ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Free Trade ; GDP ; ICT Policy and Strategies ; Incentives ; Income ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Inputs ; International Economics & Trade ; International Trade ; Investment ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; National Income ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Public Sector Development ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Competitiveness ; Development ; Development Assistance ; Distribution ; Economic Growth ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Free Trade ; GDP ; ICT Policy and Strategies ; Incentives ; Income ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Inputs ; International Economics & Trade ; International Trade ; Investment ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; National Income ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Public Sector Development ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Competitiveness ; Development ; Development Assistance ; Distribution ; Economic Growth ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Free Trade ; GDP ; ICT Policy and Strategies ; Incentives ; Income ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Inputs ; International Economics & Trade ; International Trade ; Investment ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; National Income ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Public Sector Development ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning
    Kurzfassung: Since the mid 1980s a substantial amount of research has been undertaken on trade in services. Much of this is inspired by the World Trade Organization or regional trade agreements, especially the European Union, but an increasing number of papers focus on the impacts of services sector liberalization. This paper surveys the literature, focusing on contributions that investigate the determinants of international trade and investment in services, the potential gains from greater trade (and liberalization), and efforts to cooperate to achieve such liberalization through trade agreements. It concludes that there is increasing evidence that services liberalization is an important source of potential welfare gains, but relatively little research has been done that can inform the design of international cooperation-both trade agreements and development assistance-so as to more effectively promote development objectives
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 12
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Preferential Trade Agreements And Their Role In World Trade (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (90 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Medvedev, Denis Preferential Trade Agreements And Their Role In World Trade
    Schlagwort(e): Bilateral Trade ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Free Trade ; Free Trade ; Free Trade Area ; Global Trade ; Gravity Equation ; Gravity Estimates ; Gravity Framework ; Gravity Model ; Gravity Models ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Preferential Trade ; Preferential Trade ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Trade Law ; Trade Policy ; Trade and Services ; Bilateral Trade ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Free Trade ; Free Trade ; Free Trade Area ; Global Trade ; Gravity Equation ; Gravity Estimates ; Gravity Framework ; Gravity Model ; Gravity Models ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Preferential Trade ; Preferential Trade ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Trade Law ; Trade Policy ; Trade and Services ; Bilateral Trade ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Free Trade ; Free Trade ; Free Trade Area ; Global Trade ; Gravity Equation ; Gravity Estimates ; Gravity Framework ; Gravity Model ; Gravity Models ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Preferential Trade ; Preferential Trade ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Trade Law ; Trade Policy ; Trade and Services
    Kurzfassung: The author investigates the effects of preferential trade agreements (PTAs) on bilateral trade flows using a comprehensive database of PTAs in force and a detailed matrix of world trade. He shows that total trade between PTA partners is a poor proxy for preferential trade (trade in tariff lines where preferences are likely to matter): while the former amounted to one-third of global trade in 2000-02, the latter was between one-sixth and one-tenth of world trade. His gravity model estimates indicate that using total rather than preferential trade to assess the impact of PTAs leads to a significant downward bias in the PTA coefficient. The author finds that product exclusions and long phase-in periods significantly limit preferential trade, and their removal could more than double trade in tariff lines above 3 percent of most-favored-nation (MFN) duties. He also shows that the effects of PTAs on trade vary by type of agreement and are increasing in the incomes of PTA partners
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 13
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Trade Reforms And Welfare : An Ex-Post Decomposition of Income In Vietnam (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (50 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Isik-Dikmelik, Aylin Trade Reforms And Welfare
    Schlagwort(e): Agricultural Production ; Counterfactual ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Farmers ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Food Buyers ; Food Crops ; Food Prices ; Household Welfare ; Income ; Income ; Income Distribution ; Income Growth ; Income On Food ; Inequality ; Labor Policies ; Land ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Diagnostics ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Small Area Estimation Poverty Mapping ; Social Protections and Labor ; Agricultural Production ; Counterfactual ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Farmers ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Food Buyers ; Food Crops ; Food Prices ; Household Welfare ; Income ; Income ; Income Distribution ; Income Growth ; Income On Food ; Inequality ; Labor Policies ; Land ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Diagnostics ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Small Area Estimation Poverty Mapping ; Social Protections and Labor ; Agricultural Production ; Counterfactual ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Farmers ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Food Buyers ; Food Crops ; Food Prices ; Household Welfare ; Income ; Income ; Income Distribution ; Income Growth ; Income On Food ; Inequality ; Labor Policies ; Land ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Diagnostics ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Small Area Estimation Poverty Mapping ; Social Protections and Labor
    Kurzfassung: This paper analyzes the impact of trade reforms on household welfare. In particular, it studies the importance of each of the links that together constitute the impact using data from the Vietnamese experience in the 1990s. The implementation of trade reforms in the 1990s, most noteworthy of which was the liberalization of rice, resulted in substantial improvement in welfare as evidenced by the drastic decline in poverty. Using analytical and empirical methods, the author examines the role of each channel (direct versus indirect) in this improvement for different groups of households. Results indicate that the growth has been broad based and pro-poor. Poorer households experienced more growth for each and every group analyzed. And contrary to the standard literature, net buyer households had more growth compared with net sellers, emphasizing the importance of indirect links. Decomposition of the growth shows that for rural households, both the direct effect and the multiplier effect drive growth while the multiplier effect was key in urban areas. The importance of the secondary effects underscores the need for a broader model to estimate the impact of trade reforms fully
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 14
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Corporate Governance And Shariah Compliance In Institutions Offering Islamic Financial Services (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (38 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Grais, Wafik Corporate Governance And Shariah Compliance In Institutions Offering Islamic Financial Services
    Schlagwort(e): Accounting ; Auditing ; Bank ; Banking ; Banking Supervision ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Capital Markets ; Corporate Law ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Emerging Markets ; Energy ; External Auditors ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Institutions ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Markets ; Financial Service ; Islamic Finance ; Law and Development ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Accounting ; Auditing ; Bank ; Banking ; Banking Supervision ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Capital Markets ; Corporate Law ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Emerging Markets ; Energy ; External Auditors ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Institutions ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Markets ; Financial Service ; Islamic Finance ; Law and Development ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Accounting ; Auditing ; Bank ; Banking ; Banking Supervision ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Capital Markets ; Corporate Law ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Emerging Markets ; Energy ; External Auditors ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Institutions ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Markets ; Financial Service ; Islamic Finance ; Law and Development ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures
    Kurzfassung: The structures and processes established within an institution offering Islamic financial Services (IIFS) for monitoring and evaluating Shariah compliance rely essentially on arrangements internal to the firm. By being incorporated in the institutional structure, a Shariah supervisory board (SSB) has the advantage of being close to the market. Competent, independent, and empowered to approve new Shariah-conforming instruments, an SSB can enable innovation likely to emerge within the institution. The paper reviews the issues and options facing current arrangements for ensuring Shariah compliance by IIFS. It suggests a framework that draws on internal and external arrangements to the firm and emphasizes market discipline. In issuing its fatwas, an SSB could be guided by standardized contracts and practices that could be harmonized by a self-regulatory professionals' association. A framework with the suggested internal and external features could ensure adequate consistency of interpretation and enhance the enforceability of contracts before civil courts. The review of transactions would mainly be entrusted to internal review units, which would collaborate with external auditors responsible for issuing an annual opinion on whether the institution's activities has met its Shariah requirements. This process would be sustained by reputable entities such as rating agencies, stock markets, financial media, and researchers who would channel signals to market players. This framework would enhance public understanding of the requirements of Shariah and lead to more effective options available to stakeholders to achieve improvements in Islamic financial services
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 15
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Distributional Effects of WTO Agricultural Reforms In Rich And Poor Countries (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (61 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Hertel, Thomas W Distributional Effects of WTO Agricultural Reforms In Rich And Poor Countries
    Schlagwort(e): Agricultural Liberalization ; Agricultural Products ; Agricultural Support ; Debt Markets ; Distributional Effects ; Economic Policies ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Farm Households ; Farm Income ; Farm Incomes ; Farm Sector ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Food Price ; Free Trade ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; International Economics & Trade ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Agricultural Liberalization ; Agricultural Products ; Agricultural Support ; Debt Markets ; Distributional Effects ; Economic Policies ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Farm Households ; Farm Income ; Farm Incomes ; Farm Sector ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Food Price ; Free Trade ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; International Economics & Trade ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Agricultural Liberalization ; Agricultural Products ; Agricultural Support ; Debt Markets ; Distributional Effects ; Economic Policies ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Farm Households ; Farm Income ; Farm Incomes ; Farm Sector ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Food Price ; Free Trade ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; International Economics & Trade ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction
    Kurzfassung: Rich countries' agricultural trade policies are the battleground on which the future of the WTO's troubled Doha Round will be determined. Subject to widespread criticism, they nonetheless appear to be almost immune to serious reform, and one of their most common defenses is that they protect poor farmers. The authors' findings reject this claim. The analysis uses detailed data on farm incomes to show that major commodity programs are highly regressive in the United States, and that the only serious losses under trade reform are among large, wealthy farmers in a few heavily protected subsectors. In contrast, analysis using household data from 15 developing countries indicates that reforming rich countries' agricultural trade policies would lift large numbers of developing country farm households out of poverty. In the majority of cases these gains are not outweighed by the poverty-increasing effects of higher food prices among other households. Agricultural reforms that appear feasible, even under an ambitious Doha Round, achieve only a fraction of the benefits for developing countries that full liberalization promises, but protect U.S. large farms from most of the rigors of adjustment. Finally, the analysis indicates that maximal trade-led poverty reductions occur when developing countries participate more fully in agricultural trade liberalization
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 16
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Contagion And Firms' Internationalization In Latin America : Evidence From Mexico, Brazil, And Chile (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (54 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Sakho, Yaye Seynabou Contagion And Firms' Internationalization In Latin America
    Schlagwort(e): Bank Policy ; Capital Market ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Domestic Market ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Market ; Emerging Markets ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Contagion ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Markets ; Information Asymmetry ; International ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Private Sector Development ; Bank Policy ; Capital Market ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Domestic Market ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Market ; Emerging Markets ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Contagion ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Markets ; Information Asymmetry ; International ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Private Sector Development ; Bank Policy ; Capital Market ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Domestic Market ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Market ; Emerging Markets ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Contagion ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Markets ; Information Asymmetry ; International ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Private Sector Development
    Kurzfassung: The author investigates whether contagion matters when emerging market firms cross-list their stocks in a developed capital market. She develops a rational expectations model where financial markets are segmented along emerging markets' borders and contagion spreads from one emerging market to another through the actions of international investors rebalancing their portfolio using stocks cross-listed in the developed market. The author finds that contagion is a cost of internationalization as cross-listed stocks are more affected by contagion than pure domestic stocks. Furthermore, a welfare analysis of international cross-listing versus financial autarky suggests that the benefits of internationalization in terms of less information asymmetry and better market efficiency offset the costs of contagion. Her model is able to explain some transmission of the 1998 Brazilian crisis to Mexico and Chile
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 17
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Banking Services For Everyone ? : Barriers To Bank Access And Use Around The World (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (60 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Beck, Thorsten Banking Services For Everyone ?
    Schlagwort(e): Bank ; Bank Accounts ; Banking Services ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Checking Account ; Customers ; Debt Markets ; Demand ; Depos Deposits ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Institutions ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Services ; Financial Transaction ; Housing ; Private Sector Development ; Bank ; Bank Accounts ; Banking Services ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Checking Account ; Customers ; Debt Markets ; Demand ; Depos Deposits ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Institutions ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Services ; Financial Transaction ; Housing ; Private Sector Development ; Bank ; Bank Accounts ; Banking Services ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Checking Account ; Customers ; Debt Markets ; Demand ; Depos Deposits ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Institutions ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Services ; Financial Transaction ; Housing ; Private Sector Development
    Kurzfassung: Using information from 193 banks in 58 countries, the authors develop and analyze indicators of physical access, affordability, and eligibility barriers to deposit, loan, and payment services. They find substantial cross-country variation in barriers to banking and show that in many countries these barriers can potentially exclude a significant share of the population from using banking services. Correlations with bank- and country-level variables show that bank size and the availability of physical infrastructure are the most robust predictors of barriers. Further, the authors find evidence that in more competitive, open, and transparent economies, and in countries with better contractual and informational frameworks, banks impose lower barriers. Finally, though foreign banks seem to charge higher fees than other banks, in foreign dominated banking systems fees are lower and it is easier to open bank accounts and to apply for loans. On the other hand, in systems that are predominantly government-owned, customers pay lower fees but also face greater restrictions in terms of where to apply for loans and how long it takes to have applications processed. These findings have important implications for policy reforms to broaden access
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 18
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    An Assessment of Reform Options For The Public Service Pension Fund In Uganda (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (108 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Bogomolova, Tatiana An Assessment of Reform Options For The Public Service Pension Fund In Uganda
    Schlagwort(e): Bank ; Capital Market ; Contribution ; Contribution Scheme ; Debt Markets ; Economic Development ; Emerging Markets ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Economist ; Financial Literacy ; Insurance ; Liabilities ; Pension ; Pension Fund ; Pension Reform ; Pensions and Retirement Systems ; Private Sector Development ; Social Protections and Labor ; Bank ; Capital Market ; Contribution ; Contribution Scheme ; Debt Markets ; Economic Development ; Emerging Markets ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Economist ; Financial Literacy ; Insurance ; Liabilities ; Pension ; Pension Fund ; Pension Reform ; Pensions and Retirement Systems ; Private Sector Development ; Social Protections and Labor ; Bank ; Capital Market ; Contribution ; Contribution Scheme ; Debt Markets ; Economic Development ; Emerging Markets ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Economist ; Financial Literacy ; Insurance ; Liabilities ; Pension ; Pension Fund ; Pension Reform ; Pensions and Retirement Systems ; Private Sector Development ; Social Protections and Labor
    Kurzfassung: This paper analyzes the future liabilities that the Ugandan Public Service Pensions Fund might accumulate under the provisions of the Pensions Act (CAP 286) unless it is reformed. It then discusses alternative reform options that can be used in designing an educated homegrown reform of the fund. The paper supports a hybrid (two-pillar) reform option composed of a small defined benefit scheme and a complementary defined contribution scheme, instead of a pure defined contribution (monopillar) reform option discussed by policymakers in the country. The main reason for this is related to the fact that hybrid and pure defined contribution reforms will have the same impact on reducing pension expenditure (for the same grandfathering rules and surplus in the first pillar). In addition, everything else being equal, the hybrid reform is likely to produce higher average replacement rates due to the redistributive and pooling properties of the small defined benefit pillar
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 19
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Export Promotion Agencies : What Works And What Doesn't (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (48 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Lederman, Daniel Export Promotion Agencies
    Schlagwort(e): Asymmetric Information ; Budgetary Support ; Capacity Building ; Consumer Preferences ; Country Strategy and Performance ; Debt Markets ; Development ; Diminishing Returns ; E-Business ; Economic Justification ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Export Competitiveness ; Exports ; Externalities ; Failures ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Marketing ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Tax Law ; Trade Policy ; Asymmetric Information ; Budgetary Support ; Capacity Building ; Consumer Preferences ; Country Strategy and Performance ; Debt Markets ; Development ; Diminishing Returns ; E-Business ; Economic Justification ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Export Competitiveness ; Exports ; Externalities ; Failures ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Marketing ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Tax Law ; Trade Policy ; Asymmetric Information ; Budgetary Support ; Capacity Building ; Consumer Preferences ; Country Strategy and Performance ; Debt Markets ; Development ; Diminishing Returns ; E-Business ; Economic Justification ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Export Competitiveness ; Exports ; Externalities ; Failures ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Marketing ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Tax Law ; Trade Policy
    Kurzfassung: The number of national export promotion agencies (EPAs) has tripled over the past two decades. While more countries have made them part of their national export strategy, studies have criticized their efficiency in developing countries. Partly in reaction to these critiques, EPAs have been retooled (see ITC 1998 or 2000, for example). This paper studies the impact of existing EPAs and their strategies based on a new data set covering 104 industrial and developing countries. Results suggest that on average they have a strong and statistically significant impact on exports. For each
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 20
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Corporate Governance And Stakeholders' Financial Interests In Institutions Offering Islamic Financial Services (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (32 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Grais, Wafik Corporate Governance And Stakeholders' Financial Interests In Institutions Offering Islamic Financial Services
    Schlagwort(e): Account Holders ; Accounting ; Accounting Standards ; Bank Policy ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Central Bank ; Conflict of Interest ; Corporate Governance ; Debt Markets ; Deposit Exchange ; Emerging Markets ; Federal Deposit Insurance ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Private Sector Development ; Account Holders ; Accounting ; Accounting Standards ; Bank Policy ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Central Bank ; Conflict of Interest ; Corporate Governance ; Debt Markets ; Deposit Exchange ; Emerging Markets ; Federal Deposit Insurance ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Private Sector Development ; Account Holders ; Accounting ; Accounting Standards ; Bank Policy ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Central Bank ; Conflict of Interest ; Corporate Governance ; Debt Markets ; Deposit Exchange ; Emerging Markets ; Federal Deposit Insurance ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Private Sector Development
    Kurzfassung: This paper focuses on the corporate governance arrangements of institutions offering Islamic financial services (IIFS) aimed at protecting stakeholders' financial interests. Many IIFS corporate governance issues are common with those of their conventional counterparts. Others are distinctive. In particular they offer unrestricted investment accounts that share risks with shareholders but without a voting right. This paper first reviews internal and external arrangements put in place by IIFS to protect stakeholders' financial interests. It discusses shortcomings notably in terms of potential conflict of interest between shareholders and holders of unrestricted investment accounts. It then suggests a corporate governance framework that combines internal and external arrangements to provide safeguards to unrestricted investment account holders without overburdening IIFS' financial performance. The paper uses a review of 13 IIFS and regulatory information from countries where IIFS have developed the most
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 21
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    An Essay On Economic Reforms And Social Change In China (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (98 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Lindbeck, Assar An Essay On Economic Reforms And Social Change In China
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Capital ; Cred Development ; Debt Markets ; Economic Performance ; Economic Reforms ; Economic Systems ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; GDP ; Growth Rate ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Income ; Industrial Economics ; Influence ; Interest ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Microfinance ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Social Protections and Labor ; Agriculture ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Capital ; Cred Development ; Debt Markets ; Economic Performance ; Economic Reforms ; Economic Systems ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; GDP ; Growth Rate ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Income ; Industrial Economics ; Influence ; Interest ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Microfinance ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Social Protections and Labor ; Agriculture ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Capital ; Cred Development ; Debt Markets ; Economic Performance ; Economic Reforms ; Economic Systems ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; GDP ; Growth Rate ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Income ; Industrial Economics ; Influence ; Interest ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Microfinance ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Social Protections and Labor
    Kurzfassung: The author applies a systems-oriented "holistic" approach to China's radical economic reforms during the past quarter of a century. He characterizes China's economic reforms in terms of a multidimensional classification of economic systems. When looking at the economic consequences of China's change of economic system, he deals with both the impressive growth performance and its economic costs. The author also studies the consequences of the economic reforms for the previous social arrangements in the country, which were tied to individual work units-agriculture communes, collective firms, and state-owned enterprises. He continues with the social development during the reform period, reflecting a complex mix of social advances, mainly in terms of poverty reduction, and regresses for large population groups in terms of income security and human services, such as education and, in particular, health care. Next, the author discusses China's future policy options in the social field, whereby he draws heavily on relevant experiences in industrial countries over the years. The future options are classified into three broad categories: policies influencing the level and distribution of factor income, income transfers including social insurance, and the provision of human services
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 22
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Growth Before And After Trade Liberalization (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (50 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Salinas, Gonzalo Growth Before And After Trade Liberalization
    Schlagwort(e): Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Development ; Economic Conditions and Volatility ; Economic Growth ; Economic Indicators ; Economic Performance ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange ; Exports ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Free Trade ; GDP ; GDP Per Capita ; Goods ; Income ; International Economics & Trade ; Investment ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Protectionism ; Theory ; Trade Law ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Development ; Economic Conditions and Volatility ; Economic Growth ; Economic Indicators ; Economic Performance ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange ; Exports ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Free Trade ; GDP ; GDP Per Capita ; Goods ; Income ; International Economics & Trade ; Investment ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Protectionism ; Theory ; Trade Law ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Development ; Economic Conditions and Volatility ; Economic Growth ; Economic Indicators ; Economic Performance ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange ; Exports ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Free Trade ; GDP ; GDP Per Capita ; Goods ; Income ; International Economics & Trade ; Investment ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Protectionism ; Theory ; Trade Law
    Kurzfassung: The empirical study of the impact of trade liberalization has not convinced the skeptics about the economic gains after trade reforms. Some have even argued that trade reforms have led to economic collapse and to deindustrialization. Using a sample that excludes countries that were subject to major exogenous disruptions, the authors note that post-reform economic growth was 1.2 percentage points higher than before the reforms. This is remarkable considering that pre-reform periods were characterized by highly expansionary state policies and large external borrowing, and the crisis years that preceded trade liberalization in the comparisons are eliminated. Through multivariate fixed effects estimations the authors calculate that annual per capita GDP growth rates increased by up to 2.6 percentage points after the trade reforms, compared to a counterfactual that takes into consideration the evolution of several growth determinants. Moreover, trade liberalization has been followed by an acceleration of growth in investment, exports of goods and services, and manufacturing exports, and as opposed to common belief, outward orientation did not lead to significant deindustrialization and actually seems to have increased export diversification. Growth acceleration occurred irrespective of income per capita level and was quite significant in Sub-Saharan Africa. As expected, small countries benefited most from the reforms
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 23
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Beyond Trade : The Impact of Preferential Trade Agreements On Foreign Direct Investment Inflows (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (66 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Medvedev, Denis Beyond Trade
    Schlagwort(e): Barriers ; Common Market ; Competition ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Foreign Direct Investment ; Foreign Direct Investment ; Foreign Investment ; Free Trade ; Harmonization ; Income ; Intellectual Property ; Interest ; International Capital ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Trade Law ; Trade Policy ; Trade and Regional Integration ; Barriers ; Common Market ; Competition ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Foreign Direct Investment ; Foreign Direct Investment ; Foreign Investment ; Free Trade ; Harmonization ; Income ; Intellectual Property ; Interest ; International Capital ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Trade Law ; Trade Policy ; Trade and Regional Integration ; Barriers ; Common Market ; Competition ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Foreign Direct Investment ; Foreign Direct Investment ; Foreign Investment ; Free Trade ; Harmonization ; Income ; Intellectual Property ; Interest ; International Capital ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Trade Law ; Trade Policy ; Trade and Regional Integration
    Kurzfassung: The author investigates the effects of preferential trade agreements (PTAs) on the net foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows of member countries using a comprehensive database of PTAs in a panel setting. He finds that PTA membership is associated with a positive change in net FDI inflows, and the FDI gains are increasing in the market size of the PTA partners and their proximity to the host country. The author identifies several different channels through which preferential trade liberalization may affect FDI, and confirms that both threshold effects (signing the agreement) and market size effects (joining a larger and faster-growing common market) are important determinants of net FDI inflows, although the latter seem to dominate. The estimated relationship is largely driven by North-South PTAs, and is most pronounced in the late 1990s and early 2000s, the period when the majority of "deep integration" PTAs had been advanced
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 24
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Are Lives A Substitute For Livelihoods ? : Terrorism, Security, And U.S. Bilateral Imports (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (45 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Mirza, Daniel Are Lives A Substitute For Livelihoods ?
    Schlagwort(e): Attack ; Attacks ; Car Bomb ; Conflict and Development ; Counter-Terrorism ; Counter-Terrorism Measures ; Country Strategy and Performance ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; E-Finance and E-Security ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Homeland Security ; Industry ; Information ; International Terrorism and Counterterrorism ; International Trade ; Logistical Support ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Security ; Terrorism ; Transport ; Transport Security ; Urban Development ; Attack ; Attacks ; Car Bomb ; Conflict and Development ; Counter-Terrorism ; Counter-Terrorism Measures ; Country Strategy and Performance ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; E-Finance and E-Security ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Homeland Security ; Industry ; Information ; International Terrorism and Counterterrorism ; International Trade ; Logistical Support ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Security ; Terrorism ; Transport ; Transport Security ; Urban Development ; Attack ; Attacks ; Car Bomb ; Conflict and Development ; Counter-Terrorism ; Counter-Terrorism Measures ; Country Strategy and Performance ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; E-Finance and E-Security ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Homeland Security ; Industry ; Information ; International Terrorism and Counterterrorism ; International Trade ; Logistical Support ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Security ; Terrorism ; Transport ; Transport Security ; Urban Development
    Kurzfassung: What is the impact of terrorism on trade through higher security at the borders? The authors set up a theory which shows that the impact goes not only from terrorism to trade. Higher trade with a partner might, in turn, increase the probability of terrorism acts and make security measures more costly for total welfare. To identify the true impact of terrorism, their theory allows for a strategy to condition out the latter mechanism. The authors show in particular how past incidents perpetrated in third countries (anywhere in the world except the origin or targeted country) constitute good exogenous factors for current security measures at the borders. Their tests suggest that terrorist incidents have a small effect on U.S. imports on average, but a much higher effect for those origin countries at the top of the distribution of incidents. In addition, the level of the impact is up to three times higher when the acts result in a relatively high number of victims, the products are sensitive to shipping time, and the size of the partner is small. The authors further show how terrorism affects the number of business visas given by the United States, thereby affecting significantly U.S. imports in differentiated products. These results suggest that security to prevent terrorism does matter for trade
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 25
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Financial System Structure In Colombia : A Proposal For A Reform Agenda (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (45 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: De la Cruz, Javier Financial System Structure In Colombia
    Schlagwort(e): Bank Policy ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Collective Investment ; Conflicts of Interest ; Corporate Law ; Credit Institutions ; Debt Markets ; Depos Exchange ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Institutions ; Financial Intermediation ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Performance ; Financial Structure ; Financial System ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Non-Bank Financial Institutions ; Private Sector Development ; Bank Policy ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Collective Investment ; Conflicts of Interest ; Corporate Law ; Credit Institutions ; Debt Markets ; Depos Exchange ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Institutions ; Financial Intermediation ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Performance ; Financial Structure ; Financial System ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Non-Bank Financial Institutions ; Private Sector Development ; Bank Policy ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Collective Investment ; Conflicts of Interest ; Corporate Law ; Credit Institutions ; Debt Markets ; Depos Exchange ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Institutions ; Financial Intermediation ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Performance ; Financial Structure ; Financial System ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Non-Bank Financial Institutions ; Private Sector Development
    Kurzfassung: The objective of this policy paper is to identify and propose high-level legal and regulatory reforms to Colombia's financial system structure that would enhance efficiency and/or mitigate risks. Five specific and four general reforms are proposed and evaluated based on their compatibility with the aforementioned objectives, ease of implementation, impact, and consistency with international practice. Potential implications for supervision and competition, as well as likely criteria for developing a carefully sequenced reform roadmap, are also highlighted
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 26
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    The Basic Analytics of Access To Financial Services (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (58 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Beck, Thorsten The Basic Analytics of Access To Financial Services
    Schlagwort(e): Bank ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Credit Risk ; Debt Markets ; Demand ; Deposit Economic Development ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Sector ; Financial Services ; Financial System ; Income ; Interest ; Interest Rate ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Bank ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Credit Risk ; Debt Markets ; Demand ; Deposit Economic Development ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Sector ; Financial Services ; Financial System ; Income ; Interest ; Interest Rate ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Bank ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Credit Risk ; Debt Markets ; Demand ; Deposit Economic Development ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Sector ; Financial Services ; Financial System ; Income ; Interest ; Interest Rate ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development
    Kurzfassung: Access to financial services, or rather the lack thereof, is often indiscriminately decried as a problem in many developing countries. The authors argue that the "problem of access" should rather be analyzed by identifying different demand and supply constraints. They use the concept of an access possibilities frontier, drawn for a given set of state variables, to distinguish between cases where a financial system settles below the constrained optimum, cases where this constrained optimum is too low, and-in credit services-cases where the observed outcome is excessively high. They distinguish between payment and savings services and fixed intermediation costs, on the one hand, and lending services and different sources of credit risk, on the other hand. The authors include both supply and demand side frictions that can lead to lower access. The analysis helps identify bankable and banked population, the binding constraint to close the gap between the two, and policies to prudently expand the bankable population. This new conceptual framework can inform the debate on adequate policies to expand access to financial services and can serve as the basis for an informed measurement of access
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 27
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Bank Efficiency, Ownership, And Market Structure : Why Are Interest Spreads So High In Uganda ? (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (39 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Beck, Thorsten Bank Efficiency, Ownership, And Market Structure
    Schlagwort(e): Bank Policy ; Bank Spreads ; Banking System ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Bond ; Debt Markets ; Developing Countries ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Foreign Bank ; Foreign Bank Entry ; Foreign Banks ; Interest ; Interest Rate ; Interest Rate System ; Private Sector Development ; Bank Policy ; Bank Spreads ; Banking System ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Bond ; Debt Markets ; Developing Countries ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Foreign Bank ; Foreign Bank Entry ; Foreign Banks ; Interest ; Interest Rate ; Interest Rate System ; Private Sector Development ; Bank Policy ; Bank Spreads ; Banking System ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Bond ; Debt Markets ; Developing Countries ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Foreign Bank ; Foreign Bank Entry ; Foreign Banks ; Interest ; Interest Rate ; Interest Rate System ; Private Sector Development
    Kurzfassung: Using a unique bank-level data set on the Ugandan banking system during 1999-2005, the authors explore the factors behind consistently high interest rate spreads and margins. While foreign banks charge lower interest rate spreads, they do not find a robust and economically significant relationship between privatization, foreign bank entry, market structure, and banking efficiency. Similarly, macroeconomic variables can explain little of the over-time variation in bank spreads. Bank-level characteristics, on the other hand, such as bank size, operating costs, and composition of loan portfolio explain a large proportion of cross-bank, cross-time variation in spreads and margins. However, time-invariant bank-level fixed effects explain the largest part of bank variation in spreads and margins. Further, the authors find tentative evidence that banks targeting the low end of the market incur higher costs and therefore higher margins
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 28
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    The Investment Climate In Post-Conflict Situations (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (35 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Mills, Rob The Investment Climate In Post-Conflict Situations
    Schlagwort(e): Bank Policy ; Capacity Enhancement ; Conflict and Development ; Contract ; Contract Enforcement ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Emerging Markets ; Enabling Environment ; Exchange ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Good ; International Economics ; Investment ; Investment Climate ; Labor Markets ; Local Capacity ; Macroeconomic ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Political Economy ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Private Sector Development ; Social Conflict and Violence ; Social Development ; Social Protections and Labor ; Trade and Regional Integration ; Bank Policy ; Capacity Enhancement ; Conflict and Development ; Contract ; Contract Enforcement ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Emerging Markets ; Enabling Environment ; Exchange ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Good ; International Economics ; Investment ; Investment Climate ; Labor Markets ; Local Capacity ; Macroeconomic ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Political Economy ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Private Sector Development ; Social Conflict and Violence ; Social Development ; Social Protections and Labor ; Trade and Regional Integration ; Bank Policy ; Capacity Enhancement ; Conflict and Development ; Contract ; Contract Enforcement ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Emerging Markets ; Enabling Environment ; Exchange ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Good ; International Economics ; Investment ; Investment Climate ; Labor Markets ; Local Capacity ; Macroeconomic ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Political Economy ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Private Sector Development ; Social Conflict and Violence ; Social Development ; Social Protections and Labor ; Trade and Regional Integration
    Kurzfassung: This paper is a policy review of the role of investment climate in post-conflict situations. It summarizes the broad range of ways in which conflict negatively affects the investment climate, from macroeconomic instability to a degraded regulatory framework. It stresses that attention needs to be paid to the broader "enabling environment," including institutions, governance, capacity, and social capital. It suggests that a vibrant private sector underpinned by a good investment climate is particularly important in the post-conflict recovery phase for three reasons: it generates employment, provides public services where the state has retrenched, and builds social capital. By addressing these important "greed and grievance" factors, the private sector helps reduce the likelihood of a return to conflict. The paper concludes by distilling key lessons relating to the management of the post-conflict reform process. Despite the importance of a good investment climate, greater effort is needed to ensure that private sector development reforms are included in the first round of post-conflict policymaking. Local ownership of reforms and enhanced local capacity to implement them is key to sustainable improvements in the investment climate. Development partners have an important role to play in facilitating dialogue and promoting partnerships between public and private sector stakeholders. At the same time, development partners need to ensure that their presence in fragile post-conflict economies does not damage the very sector they are trying to support
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 29
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    The Structural Determinants of External Vulnerability (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (33 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Loayza, Norman V The Structural Determinants of External Vulnerability
    Schlagwort(e): Aggregate Output ; Business Cycle ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Developing Countries ; Economic Conditions and Volatility ; Economic Fluctuations ; Economic Growth ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange Rate ; External Shocks ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Depth ; Foreign Exchange ; Free Trade ; Growth ; International Economics & Trade ; Labor ; Labor Management ; Macroeconomic Management ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Social Protections and Labor ; Aggregate Output ; Business Cycle ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Developing Countries ; Economic Conditions and Volatility ; Economic Fluctuations ; Economic Growth ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange Rate ; External Shocks ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Depth ; Foreign Exchange ; Free Trade ; Growth ; International Economics & Trade ; Labor ; Labor Management ; Macroeconomic Management ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Social Protections and Labor ; Aggregate Output ; Business Cycle ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Developing Countries ; Economic Conditions and Volatility ; Economic Fluctuations ; Economic Growth ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange Rate ; External Shocks ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Depth ; Foreign Exchange ; Free Trade ; Growth ; International Economics & Trade ; Labor ; Labor Management ; Macroeconomic Management ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Social Protections and Labor
    Kurzfassung: The authors examine empirically how domestic structural characteristics related to openness and product- and factor-market flexibility influence the impact that terms-of-trade shocks can have on aggregate output. For this purpose, they apply an econometric methodology based on semi-structural vector auto-regressions to a panel of 90 countries with annual observations for the period 1974-2000. Using this methodology, the authors isolate and standardize the shocks, estimate their impact on GDP, and examine how this impact depends on the domestic conditions outlined above. They find that larger trade openness magnifies the output impact of external shocks, particularly the negative ones, while improvements in labor market flexibility and financial openness reduce their impact. Domestic financial depth has a more nuanced role in stabilizing the economy. It helps reduce the impact of external shocks particularly in environments of high exposure-that is, when trade and financial openness are high, firm entry is unrestricted, and labor markets are rigid
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 30
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Reducing Distortions To Agricultural Incentives : Progress, Pitfalls, And Prospects (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (35 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Anderson, Kym Reducing Distortions To Agricultural Incentives
    Schlagwort(e): Agribusiness ; Agriculture ; Agriculture ; Comparative Advantage ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Development ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economics ; Emerging Markets ; Exports ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Free Trade ; Human Capital ; Import Barriers ; Incentives ; Income ; International Economics & Trade ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Multilateral Trade ; Prices ; Private Sector Development ; Protectionism ; Public Sector Development ; Rural Development Knowledge and Information Systems ; Trade Policy ; Agribusiness ; Agriculture ; Agriculture ; Comparative Advantage ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Development ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economics ; Emerging Markets ; Exports ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Free Trade ; Human Capital ; Import Barriers ; Incentives ; Income ; International Economics & Trade ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Multilateral Trade ; Prices ; Private Sector Development ; Protectionism ; Public Sector Development ; Rural Development Knowledge and Information Systems ; Trade Policy ; Agribusiness ; Agriculture ; Agriculture ; Comparative Advantage ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; Development ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economics ; Emerging Markets ; Exports ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Free Trade ; Human Capital ; Import Barriers ; Incentives ; Income ; International Economics & Trade ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Multilateral Trade ; Prices ; Private Sector Development ; Protectionism ; Public Sector Development ; Rural Development Knowledge and Information Systems ; Trade Policy
    Kurzfassung: Most of the world's poorest people depend on farming for their livelihood. Earnings from farming in low-income countries are depressed partly due to a pro-urban bias in own-country policies, and partly because richer countries (including some developing countries) favor their farmers with import barriers and subsidies. Both sets of policies reduce national and global economic growth and add to inequality and poverty in developing countries. Acknowledgement of that since the 1980s has given rise to greater pressures for reform, both internal and external. Over the past two decades numerous developing country governments have reduced their sectoral and trade policy distortions, while many high-income countries continue with protectionist policies that harm developing country exports of farm products. Recent research suggests that the agricultural protectionist policies of high-income countries reduce welfare in many developing countries. Most of those studies also suggest that full global liberalization of merchandise trade would raise value added in agriculture in developing country regions, and that much of the benefit from global reform would come not just from reform in high-income countries but also from liberalization among developing countries, including in many cases own-country reform. These findings raise three key questions that are addressed in this paper: To what extent have the reforms of the past two decades succeeded in reducing distortions to agricultural incentives? Do current policy distortions still discriminate against farmers in low-income countries? And what are the prospects for further reform in the next decade or so?
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 31
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Does Insurance Market Activity Promote Economic Growth ? : Country Study For Industrial And Developing Countries (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (22 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Arena, Marco Does Insurance Market Activity Promote Economic Growth ?
    Schlagwort(e): Bank Policy ; Banking Sector ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Bond ; Debt Markets ; Developing Countries ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Intermediation ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Systems ; Insurance ; Insurance Law ; Insurance Market ; Insurance Markets ; Insurance Premiums ; Insurance and Risk Mitigation ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Bank Policy ; Banking Sector ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Bond ; Debt Markets ; Developing Countries ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Intermediation ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Systems ; Insurance ; Insurance Law ; Insurance Market ; Insurance Markets ; Insurance Premiums ; Insurance and Risk Mitigation ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Bank Policy ; Banking Sector ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Bond ; Debt Markets ; Developing Countries ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Emerging Markets ; Exchange ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Intermediation ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Systems ; Insurance ; Insurance Law ; Insurance Market ; Insurance Markets ; Insurance Premiums ; Insurance and Risk Mitigation ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development
    Kurzfassung: Insurance market activity, both as a financial intermediary and a provider of risk transfer and indemnification, may contribute to economic growth by allowing different risks to be managed more efficiently and by mobilizing domestic savings. During the past decade, there has been faster growth in insurance market activity, particularly in emerging markets given the process of liberalization and financial integration, which raises questions about its impact on economic growth. The author tests whether there is a causal relationship between insurance market activity (life and nonlife insurance) and economic growth. Using the generalized method of moments for dynamic models of panel data for 56 countries and for the 1976-2004 period, he finds robust evidence of a causal relationship between insurance market activity and economic growth. Both life and nonlife insurance have a positive and significant causal effect on economic growth. High-income countries drive the results in the case of life insurance. On the other hand, both high-income and developing countries drive the results in the case of nonlife insurance
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
Schließen ⊗
Diese Webseite nutzt Cookies und das Analyse-Tool Matomo. Weitere Informationen finden Sie hier...