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  • Online Resource  (76)
  • Boston, MA : Springer  (76)
  • Science (General)  (76)
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  • Online Resource  (76)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Digital System Test and Testable Design : Using HDL Models and Architectures (2011)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781441975485
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 435p. 100 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Mathematics ; Systems engineering ; Popular Science
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-7548-5
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fundamentals of Power Electronics (1997)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781461576464
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 773 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Electric power production. ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Introduction -- 2. Principles of Steady-State Converter Analysis -- 3. Steady-State Equivalent Circuit Modeling, Losses, and Efficiency -- 4. Switch Realization -- 5. The Discontinuous Conduction Mode -- 6. Converter Circuits -- 7. AC Equivalent Circuit Modeling -- 8. Converter Transfer Functions -- 9. Controller Design -- 10. Ac and dc Equivalent Circuit Modeling of the Discontinuous Conduction Mode -- 11. Current Programmed Control -- 12. Basic Magnetics Theory -- 13. Filter Inductor Design -- 14. Transformer Design -- 15. Power and Harmonics in Nonsinusoidal Systems -- 16. Line-Commutated Rectifiers -- 17. The Ideal Rectifier -- 18. Low Harmonic Rectifier Modeling and Control -- 19. Resonant Conversion -- 20. Quasi-Resonant Converters -- Appendices -- Appendix 1. RMS Values of Commonly-Observed Converter Waveforms -- A1.1. Some Common Waveforms -- A1.2. General Piecewise Waveform -- Appendix 2. Magnetics design tables -- A2.1. Pot core data -- A2.2. EE core data -- A2.3. EC core data -- A2.4. ETD core data -- A2.5. PQ core data -- A2.6. American wire gauge data -- References.
    Abstract: In many university curricula, the power electronics field has evolved beyond the status of comprising one or two special-topics courses. Often there are several courses dealing with the power electronics field, covering the topics of converters, motor drives, and power devices, with possibly additional advanced courses in these areas as well. There may also be more traditional power-area courses in energy conversion, machines, and power systems. In the breadth vs. depth tradeoff, it no longer makes sense for one textbook to attempt to cover all of these courses; indeed, each course should ideally employ a dedicated textbook. This text is intended for use in introductory power electronics courses on converters, taught at the senior or first-year graduate level. There is sufficient material for a one year course or, at a faster pace with some material omitted, for two quarters or one semester. The first class on converters has been called a way of enticing control and electronics students into the power area via the "back door". The power electronics field is quite broad, and includes fundamentals in the areas of • Converter circuits and electronics • Control systems • Magnetics • Power applications • Design-oriented analysis This wide variety of areas is one of the things which makes the field so interesting and appealing to newcomers. This breadth also makes teaching the field a challenging undertaking, because one cannot assume that all students enrolled in the class have solid prerequisite knowledge in so many areas.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-7646-4
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    BSZ
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Workspace Strategies : Environment as a Tool for Work (1995)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468477849
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 236 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Corporate Excellence in Facilities: Why the Workplace is Important -- The Organization—Accommodation (O—A) Relationship -- Adding Value to the O—A Relationship -- The Unexamined O—A Relationship Is Not Worth Having -- Changing Building Design -- Economic and Social Pressures on the O—A Relationship -- Workspace: Asset or Liability? -- 2 Managing Environmental Quality: Current Trends in Office Occupancy -- What Does Facilities Management (FM) Mean Today? -- Integrating FM With Business Strategy -- The Impact on Space Use of Changing Trends in the Nature of Work -- Managing the Human Aspect -- Current Trends and the Human Aspect -- 3 Using Occupancy Feedback: A Strategy for Managing Workplace Improvements -- Health Risks in the Office -- The Productivity Debate -- Feedback from Building Occupants -- Total Quality and Customer Satisfaction -- Functional Comfort as a Strategic Planning Concept -- Managing Feedback from Building Occupants -- 4 Building-In-Use Assessment: An Occupancy Feedback System -- How Building-In-Use Assessment Works -- An Introduction to Building-In-Use Assessment -- Carrying Out Building-In-Use Assessment -- Applying BIU Results to Problem Solving -- Communication with Occupants -- Builidng-In-Use Assessment in Practice -- Using Feedback for Continuous Improvement -- 5 Building-In-Use Assessment of Building Systems: Air Quality, Thermal Comfort, and Building Noise Control -- Building Systems’ Dimensions of Functional Comfort -- The Air Quality Dilemma -- The Thermal Comfort Paradox -- The Quandary of Building Noise Control -- How Building Systems Can Increase Functional Comfort -- 6 Building-In-Use Assessment of Planning and Design of Interior Space: Spatial Comfort, Privacy, and Office Noise Control -- Factors Influencing the Design of Space for Work -- The Spatial Comfort Crisis -- Building-In-Use Assessment of Spatial Comfort -- The Privacy Conundrum -- The Challenge of Office Noise Control -- The Future of the Individual Workplace -- 7 Building-In-Use Assessment of Lighting Comfort -- The Lighting Comfort Opportunity -- Building-In-Use Assessment of Lighting Comfort -- Human Factors in Lighting -- Lighting and Morale -- Windows and Daylighting -- Improving Lighting Comfort -- 8 Building Convenience and Building Amenities -- What Is Building Convenience? -- Building-In-Use Assessment of Building Convenience -- Measuring Building Convenience -- Building Amenities and the Future of Building Convenience -- 9 Occupants’ Feedback as a Decision-Making Tool: Three Case Studies -- Organizational Learning Through the Acquisition of Feedback -- International Headquarters Offices: Conflicts Over Information Utilization -- National Telecommunications Company: Diagnostic Information as a Tool for Strategic Planning -- Commercial Real Estate Company: Using Feedback to Increase Competitive Advantage -- Devising Corporate Accommodation Strategy -- 10 The Politics of Occupants’ Feedback: Issues in Implementation -- Applying Occupant Feedback -- Legal and Political Issues -- Improving Communication -- Environmental Empowerment: Are We Ready? -- 11 Optimizing Occupancy: Strategic Planning of the Organization—Accommodation Relationship -- Accommodation Strategy and the O—A Relationship -- Planning the Future of the O—A Relationship -- Corporate Accommodation as a “Strategic Functional Unit” -- Using Accommodation to Add Value to Products and Services -- Reengineering the Office as a Tool for Work -- Implementation of an “Integrated Workplace Strategy” -- Final Words -- Appendix: The Buiding-In-Use Databases and How They are Used.
    Abstract: We live in era of transformation--of technology, of social values, and of the way work is done. This book represents a timely and innovative ad­ dition to current thinking and writing about transformation in organiza­ tions. In order to meet an increasingly global and competitive environment, organizations are undergoing reengineering, work process redesign, "right sizing," creating a "virtual office," and other forms of restructur­ ing and basic change of the way work is accomplished. Such transfor­ mation means analyzing and redesigning core processes in organizations around new kinds of principles such as "total quality" and customer service. The eventual effect of these changes is likely to be the networked or "boundary-Iess" organization, in which the tradi­ tional boundaries between functions and between producers and their suppliers-and sometimes even between organizations and their com­ petitors-are broken down. The goal of such transformation is to make the work of the organization more efficient and productive-to produce more with fewer resources and at a lower cost. In the conventional view of the transformation process, certain sec­ ondary concerns, such as the need to protect the environment or to help an increasingly heterogeneous work force deal with its personal issues, are seen as problematic for this core thrust. Some recent work, however, is beginning to show that if these so-called secondary concerns are con­ sidered central, far from being problematic, they actually present strat­ egy opportunities for productive innovation and change.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-7784-9
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Molecular-Genetic Mechanisms of Development (1995)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468417647
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 418 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. The Elementary Acts of Morphogenesis: Processes of Biosynthesis of Informational Macromolecules. The Biochemical Mechanisms of Transfer of Genetic Information -- Literature Cited -- 2. Molecular-Genetic Mechanisms of Reproduction and Morphogenesis of Viruses -- Conclusion -- Literature Cited -- 3. Molecular-Genetic Mechanisms of Morphogenesis and Intracellular Biochemical Differentiation of Monochromosomal Bacterial Cells -- Literature Cited -- 4. Molecular-Gentic Systems Controlling Morphogenesis and Differentiation in Multicellular Organisms. Molecular Structure of Chromosomes of the Cell Nucleus and Structural and Biochemical Features of Genetic and Functional Differentiation of Chromosomes -- Literature Cited -- 5. Biochemical Realization of the Morphogenetic Program. Changes in Proteins and Nucleic Acids During Processes of Differentiation and Development -- Literature Cited -- 6. Chromosomal Proteins and Their Role in Regulation of Selective Gene Activity During Differentiation and in Specialized Cells -- Conclusion. Discussion of the Genetic Function of Histones -- Literature Cited -- 7. Induction of Differentiated Activity of the Genes by Cytoplasmic and Chromosomal Factors and its Role in the General Organization of Morphogenesis -- Literature Cited -- 8. Molecular Mechanisms Programming Morphogenesis and Differentiation. A Theoretical Analysis -- Literature Cited -- 9. Recent Advances in the Study of Molecular-Genetic Mechanisms of Development -- § 1. New Material on the Mechanism of Transfer of Genetic Information -- § 2. New Data Concerning Mechanisms of Morphogenesis of Viruses -- §3. New Data on the Molecular Mechanisms of Regulation of the Morphogenesis of Bacteria -- §4. Functional Activity of the Chromosomes in Morphogenesis and Differentiation -- § 5. New Facts Concerning Changes in Proteins and Nucleic Acids during Morphogenetic Processes -- § 6. Chromosomal Proteins as Genetic Regulators -- § 7. Induction and Repression of Genetic Loci During Differentiation -- Literature Cited.
    Abstract: Although as part of my general plan, this book is a continua­ tion of my earlier monograph "Protein Biosynthesis and Problems of Ontogenesis,"* published in 1963, in all other respects it is an independent work. The earlier monograph was devoted to the analysis of many of the aspects of the problem of protein biosynthesis, and problems of inheritance and development were discussed only insofar as they are derivatives of the problems of biosynthesis. The complex act of protein biosynthesis, comprising autore­ production of the genetic material (DNA), formation of the templates of protein synthesis (messenger RNA), synthesis of amino acid carriers (transfer RNA), formation of ribosomes and polysomes, activation of amino acids, and so on, was examined in the previous monograph not merely from the standpoint of interaction between the components of this system, but also from that of their mani­ festation in actual biological systems during morphogenesis and aging of the organism. However, both morphogenesis and aging were investigated very generally, Simply as models, without any detailed analysis of their specific features and complexity. The present book is therefore a logical continuation of its prede­ cessor. It rests largely on a comprehensive analysis of the molecular-genetic and biochemical aspects of development and differentiation of living organisms, and questions of protein biosyn­ thesis are discussed briefly and generally, and only so far as is necessary for fulfillment of the primary task. • Zh. A. Medvedev. 1966. Protein Biosynthesis and Problems of Heredity. Developement.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-1764-7
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  • 5
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    Fundamentals of Aquacultural Engineering (1995)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781461570479
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 355 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Introduction -- 2. Water Quality and Environmental Requirements -- 3. Site Selection for Aquaculture -- 4. Water Supply -- 5. Aquaculture in Open Systems -- 6. Fluid Mechanics -- 7. Pumps -- 8. Flow Estimation and Measurement -- 9. Aquaculture in Ponds, Raceways, and Tanks -- 10. Recirculating Aquaculture Systems -- 11. Oxygen and Aeration -- 12. Sterilization and Disinfection -- References.
    Abstract: Aquaculture is the science and technology of balanced support from the biological and engi­ producing aquatic plants and animals. It is not neering sciences. However, commercial aqua­ new, but has been practiced in certain Eastern culture has become so complex that, in order to cultures for over 2,000 years. However, the role be successful, one must also draw upon the ex­ of aquaculture in helping to meet the world's pertise of biologists, engineers, chemists, econ­ food shortages has become more recently ap­ omists, food technologists, marketing special­ parent. ists, lawyers, and others. The multidisciplinary The oceans of the world were once consid­ approach to aquaculture production became ap­ ered sources of an unlimited food supply. Bio­ parent during the early 1990s. It is believed that logical studies indicate that the maximum sus­ this trend will continue as aquaculture produc­ tainable yield of marine species through the tion becomes more and more intensive in order harvest of wild stock is 100 million MT (metric for the producer to squeeze as much product as tons) per year. Studies also indicate that we are possible out of a given parcel of land. Although many aquaculture books exist, few rapidly approaching the maximum sustainable yield of the world's oceans and major freshwa­ explore the engineering aspects of aquaculture ter bodies. Per capita consumption of fishery production.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-7047-9
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Ecological Principles of Nature Conservation : Application in Temperate and Boreal Environments (1992)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781461535249
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Conservation Ecology Series: Principles, Practices and Management
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Introduction: Applied Ecological Principles and their Implementation in Nature -- Conservation -- 2 Conservation of Communities—The Importance of Edges, Surroundings and Landscape Mosaic Structure -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. Definitions -- 2.3. Swedish landscape types -- 2.4. Local and regional manifestations of edge-effects -- 2.5. Landscapemanagement -- 2.6. Management implications -- 2.7. A plea for the future -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 3 Conservation of Plant and Animal Populations in Theory and Practice -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Species extinctions -- 3.3. The importance of population size -- 3.4. The importance of habitat area -- 3.5. The importance of species interactions -- 3.6. Disturbance regimes and habitat quality -- 3.7. Conclusions -- References -- 4 Conservation of Genetic Variation in Plants—The Importance of Population Size and Gene Flow -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Some basic population genetics -- 4.3. Effects of genetic substructuring of plant populations -- 4.4. ‘The real world’—measures of population structure and gene flow -- 4.5. Discussion -- 4.6. Conclusions and further research needs -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 5 The Ecology of Dispersal in Relation to Conservation -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. Bryophytes and lichens -- 5.3. Insects -- 5.4. Small mammals -- 5.5 General conclusions -- References -- 6 Archipelagoes and Theories of Insularity -- 6.1. Introduction -- 6.2. Theories of insularity -- 6.3. Scandinavian case studies -- 6.4. Implications for conservation -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 7 Boreal Forests—The Focal Habitats of Fennoscandia -- 7.1. Introduction -- 7.2. Biotic zonation -- 7.3. The natural forest -- 7.4. Man’s impact -- 7.5. Effects of forestry on the fauna and flora -- 7.6. Conservation strategies for the future -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 8 Forested and Open Wetland Complexes -- 8.1. Introduction -- 8.2. Definitions -- 8.3. Environmental factors -- 8.4. Disturbance history -- 8.5. Species changes -- 8.6. The future -- 8.7. Case studies -- 8.8. Signifìcance of wet forests and wetlands in a landscape context -- 8.9. Recommendations -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 9 Conservation Management of Riparian Communities -- 9.1. Introduction -- 9.2. The system -- 9.3. Pattern and process in riparian habitats -- 9.4. Conservation -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 10 Forests in the Temperate-Boreal Transition—Natural and Man-Made Features -- 10.1. Introduction -- 10.2. Landscape changes and vegetation history -- 10.3. Vegetation dynamics -- 10.4. Forestry and forest processes -- 10.5. Acidification and pollution—new threats to hemiboreal forests -- 10.6. Animal communities -- 10.7. Conclusions with conservation recommendations 388 References -- 11 Conservation Biology in Agricultural Habitat Islands -- 11.1. Introduction -- 11.2. Case studies -- 11.3. General conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Epilogue.
    Abstract: This volume is the first in a series entitled Conservation Ecology: Principles, Practices and Management, a theme which Elsevier's pioneer­ ing journal Biological Conservation has promoted since its foundation thirty-three years ago. The science of conservation ecology is now widely acknowledged as an essential component in the planning and develop­ ment of activities which change or modify our natural environment. Nevertheless in spite of much research and publicity, there is still a wide gap between theory and practice. Today it is especially important to try to bridge this gap by interpreting the results of ecological research so that they are understandable and relevant to a wide range of land managers, agriculturalists, foresters, and those working in the many categories of protected areas. The volumes in this series are designed to fulfil this purpose, and also to play an important educational role for students of the environmental sciences in schools, universities and other institutions.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-3524-9
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Algal Photosynthesis (1992)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781475721539
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 256 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Net Gas Exchange -- 2 Using Isotopes to Measure Gas Exchange -- 3 Fluorescence Techniques -- 4 Light Sources and Related Accessories -- 5 Measuring Photosynthetic Pigments -- 6 Light Utilization and Optical Properties of Algae -- 7 The Photosynthesis-Light Response Curve -- 8 Remote Sensing of Algal Photosynthesis -- References.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-2153-9
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  • 8
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    Monitoring Building Structures (1992)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781475758948
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 155 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Introduction -- 2 Surveying -- 3 Photogrammetry -- 4 Dynamic testing -- 5 Automatic and autonomous monitoring -- 6 Planning a scheme.
    Abstract: There is an increasing number of buildings that require informed decisions to be made about their continued safety and serviceability. Although social and economic issues are often all-important influences, the technical issues nevertheless need to be addressed objectively, efficiently and reliably. This book shows how monitoring the physical behaviour of a structure can assist the engineer to meet these conditions when making an assessment. The book is aimed primarily at the practising engineer charged with making recommendations in respect of safety and serviceability. By the same token, it will be of value to the client specifying a brief for assessment or evaluating the report of an investigation which involves monitoring. The book will also be one of reference for those engaged in research involving monitoring, and an aid to the advanced student who needs to understand better the full-scale performance in service of building structures. The need to assess safety and serviceability may arise for a variety of reasons, ranging from problems developing in service to change of use or the introduction of innovative features at the design stage. These reasons are explored in the first chapter which establishes a philosophy by which the assessing engineer can determine appropriate courses of action. Observations and measurements which do not address the real issues are worthless but too much information which cannot be effectively digested and interpreted is also not useful.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-5894-8
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  • 9
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    Conservation Biology : The Theory and Practice of Nature Conservation Preservation and Management (1992)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468464269
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIV, 507 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-6426-9
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    The Nuclear Lion : What Every Citizen Should Know About Nuclear Power and Nuclear War (1991)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781489927842
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 402 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Mathematics ; Life sciences ; Social sciences. ; Humanities. ; Science. ; Engineering. ; Environment.
    Abstract: Introduction: Chernobyl and Hiroshima -- I. Atoms and Life -- 1. Atoms: What the Universe Is Made Of -- 2. Molecules: How the Atoms Fit Together -- 3. Radiation: How the Atoms Interact -- II. Radiations and Life -- 4. Radiation Biology -- 5. Radioisotopes in Medicine and Industry -- III. The Power -- 6. Nuclear Creation -- 7. Nuclear Power Reactors -- 8. Nuclear Reactor Accidents -- 9. Nuclear Waste Disposal -- 10. Myth I: Nuclear Power Is Too Dangerous -- 11. The Power Problem -- IV. The Peril -- 12. Nuclear Weapons and Arsenals -- 13. Nuclear War: I. The Terrible Swift Sword -- 14. Nuclear War: II. The Slow Death -- 15. Myth II: You Can’t Trust the Russians -- 16. Nuclear Confrontation -- 17. New Perspectives -- V. Living with Lions -- 18. Myth III: War Makes Jobs -- 19. Facts and Fallacies -- 20. Technology, War, and People -- Summary: No Nukes? -- Afterword: The Millennium -- Notes -- Appendixes.
    Abstract: . . . human kind cannot bear very much reality. T. S. ELIOT, Four Quartets When I was a little child, I lived in an old and somewhat rickety house by the sea. When the winter wind blew, the house would shake and tremble, and cold drafts would whistle through cracks in the walls. You might have thought that lying in bed in a dark room on such cold, windy nights would have frightened me. But it had just the opposite effect: having known this en­ vironment since birth, I actually found the shaking of the house, the whistling of the wind, and the crashing of the sea to be comforting, and I was lulled to sleep by these familiar sounds. They signaled to me that all was right with the world and that the forces of nature were operating in the normal way. But I did have a problem. On the dimly lit landing of the staircase leading up to my bedroom, there was a large and dark picture of a male lion, sitting as such lions do with his massive paws in front of him and his head erect, turned slightly to the right, and staring straight out at you with yellow blazing eyes. I had great difficulty getting past that lion. Someone would have to hold my hand and take me up to bed, past the dreaded picture.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4899-2784-2
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  • 11
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    Handbook of Surfactants (1991)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781475712933
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 227 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 General introduction -- 2 General approach to using surfactants in formulations -- 3 Information sources -- 4 Use of surfactant theory -- 5 Surfactants commercially available -- 6 Anionics -- 7 Non-ionics -- 8 Cationics -- 9 Amphoterics -- 10 Speciality surfactants -- 11 Polymeric surfactants -- Appendices -- Appendix I: Names of hydrophobes and average composition of fats and oils -- Appendix II: Ecological and toxicity requirements.
    Abstract: The worldwide consumption of surfactants now exceeds several million tonnes per annum. Six ofthe major types represent approximately 80% ofthe volume consumed, whereas the remaining 20% is made up of approximately 40 different chemical types. Commercially produced surface active agents are not pure chemicals, and within each chemical type there can be tremendous variation. Technical staff who are not familiar with surfactants are frequently bewildered by the enormous variety of different products on the market and the vast body of literature which exists on the composition and properties of surfactants. The selection of the best surfactant for any given use therefore becomes a major problem. This volume arose from the clear need to have available a simple reference book summarising the different types of surfactants on the market and their properties. The concept and structure of the book evolved from early attempts to define chemical structure/property relationships of all the different types of surfactants commercially available, into a simple handbook providing essential background information for the surfactant user. It is realised that most users will be developing their own data bank of structure/end use property relationships and they will therefore be the experts on end use.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-1293-3
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  • 12
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    Harmonic Analysis (1991)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781461571810
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 190 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The Wadsworth & Brooks / Cole Mathematics Series
    Series Statement: The Wadsworth & Brooks/Cole Mathematics Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Fourier Series and Integrals -- 1.1. Definitions and easy results -- 1.2. The Fourier transform -- 1.3. Convolution; approximate identities; Fejér’s theorem -- 1.4. Unicity theorem; Parseval relation; Fourier-Stieltjes coefficients -- 1.5. The classical kernels -- 1.6. Summability; metric theorems -- 1.7. Pointwise summability -- 1.8. Positive definite sequences; Herglotz’ theorem -- 1.9. The inequality of Hausdorff and Young -- 1.10. Multiple Fourier series; Minkowski’s theorem -- 1.11. Measures with bounded powers; homomorphisms of l1 -- 2. The Fourier Integral -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. Kernels on R -- 2.3. The Plancherel theorem -- 2.4. Another convergence theorem; the Poisson summation formula -- *2.5. Finite cyclic groups; Gaussian sums -- * Starred sections present material that is less fundamental. -- 3. Hardy Spaces -- 3.1. Hp(T) -- 3.2. Invariant subspaces, factoring, proof of the theorem of F. and M. Riesz -- 3.3. Theorems of Beurling and Szegö -- 3.4. Structure of inner functions -- 3.5. Theorem of Hardy and Littlewood; Hilbert’s inequality -- 3.6. Hardy spaces on the line -- 4. Conjugate Functions -- 4.1. Conjugate series and functions -- 4.2. Theorems of Kolmogorov and Zygmund -- 4.3. Theorems of M. Riesz and Zygmund -- 4.4. The conjugate function as a singular integral -- 4.5. The Hilbert transform -- 4.6. Maximal functions -- 4.7. Rademacher functions; absolute Fourier multipliers -- 5. Translation -- 5.1. Theorems of Wiener and Beurling; the Titchmarsh convolution theorem -- 5.2. The Tauberian theorem -- 5.3. Spectral sets of bounded functions -- *5.4. A theorem of Szegö; theorem of Gru?ewska and Rajchman; idempotent measures -- 6. Distribution -- 6.1. Equidistribution of sequences -- 6.2. Distribution of (nku) -- 6.3. Dynamical systems; (k2u) -- Appendix. Integration by parts -- Bibliographic Notes.
    Abstract: The reader is assumed to know the elementary part of complex funCtion theory, general topology, integration, and linear spaces. All the needed information is contained in a usual first-year graduate course on analysis. These prerequisites are modest but essential. To be sure there is a big gap between learning the Banach-Steinhaus theorem, for example, and applying it to a real problem. Filling that gap is one of the objectives of this book. It is a natural objective, because integration theory and functional analysis to a great extent developed in response to the problems of Fourier series! The exposition has been condensed somewhat by relegating proofs of some technical points to the problem sets. Other problems give results that are needed in subsequent sections; and many problems simply present interesting results of the subject that are not otherwise covered. Problems range in difficulty from very simple to very hard. The system of numeration is simple: Sec. 3. 2 is the second section of Chapter 3. The second section of the current chapter is Sec. 2. Formula (3. 2) is the second formula of Sec. 3, of the current chapter unless otherwise mentioned. With pleasure I record the debt to my notes from a course on Real Variables given by R. Salem in 1945. I wish to thank R. Fefferman, Y. Katznelson, and A. 6 Cairbre for sympathetic criti­ cism of the manuscript. Mr. Carl Harris of the Addison-Wesley Publishing Company has been most helpful in bringing the book to publication.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-7181-0
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  • 13
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    Designing with Plastics and Composites: A Handbook (1991)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781461597230
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXII, 979 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-9723-0
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  • 14
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    Algal Cell Motility (1991)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781461596837
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Current Phycology
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Gliding Motility -- 2. Algal Chloroplast Movements -- 3. Cytoplasmic Streaming in Characean Algae: Mechanism, Regulation by Ca2+, and Organization -- 4. Flagellar Beat Patterns in Algae -- 5. Molecular Mechanism of Flagellar Movement -- 6. Centrin-Mediated Cell Motility in Algae -- Taxonomic Index -- Author Index.
    Abstract: Algae exhibit the greatest variety of cell motility phenomena in the living world. These range from the peculiar gliding motility of filamentous blue­ green algae or cyanobacteria to chloroplast movements and cytoplasmic streaming which are most common in higher plants. In addition, cell motility by eukaryotic flagella is the characteristic mode of cell locomotion in algal flagellates and most reproductive cells of algae. Algae use these cell motility systems mainly to orient themselves or their photosynthetic organelles in a suitable light gradient to optimize growth and reproduction. In consequence most of the motility systems are coupled to photoreceptors and are regulated by signal transduction cascades. Algal cell motility has thus attracted consid­ erable interest also from non-phycologists and some algal motility systems have become models of research in cell and molecular biology. This book summarizes some of the progress that has been made in recent years in the analysis of cell motility phenomena in the algae. Although complete coverage of the subject was not attempted, the six chapters cover all the major types of cell motility systems and the authors provide in depth reviews of gliding motility, chloroplast movements, cytoplasmic streaming, flagellar beat pat­ terns, mechanisms of flagellar movement and centrin-mediated cell motility.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-9683-7
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  • 15
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    Foundation Engineering Handbook (1991)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781475752717
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXVI, 923 p) , digital
    Edition: Second Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Engineering geology. ; Geotechnical engineering. ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Subsurface Explorations and Sampling -- 2 Sampling and Preparation of Marine Sediments -- 3 Soil Technology and Engineering Properties of Soils -- 4 Bearing Capacity of Shallow Foundations -- 5 Stress Distribution and Settlement of Shallow Foundations -- 6 Earth Pressures -- 7 Dewatering and Groundwater Control -- 8 Compacted Fill -- 9 Soil Stabilization and Grouting -- 10 Stability of Earth Slopes -- 11 Landslides -- 12 Retaining Structures and Excavations -- 13 Pile Foundations -- 14 Drilled Shaft Foundations -- 15 Foundation Vibrations -- 16 Earthquake Effects on Soil-Foundation Systems Part I: Prior to 1975; Part II: From 1975 to 1989 -- 17 Foundation Problems in Earthquake Regions -- 18 Offshore Structure Foundations -- 19 Foundations in Cold Regions -- 20 Geotechnics of Hazardous Waste Control Systems -- 21 Reinforced Earth -- 22 Geosynthetics in Geotechnical Engineering -- 23 Deep Compaction of Granular Soils -- 24 Stabilization of Soil with Lime Columns -- 25 Durability and Protection of Foundations -- 26 Ground Anchors and Soil Nails in Retaining Structures.
    Abstract: More than ten years have passed since the first edition was published. During that period there have been a substantial number of changes in geotechnical engineering, especially in the applications of foundation engineering. As the world population increases, more land is needed and many soil deposits previously deemed unsuitable for residential housing or other construction projects are now being used. Such areas include problematic soil regions, mining subsidence areas, and sanitary landfills. To overcome the problems associated with these natural or man-made soil deposits, new and improved methods of analysis, design, and implementation are needed in foundation construction. As society develops and living standards rise, tall buildings, transportation facilities, and industrial complexes are increasingly being built. Because of the heavy design loads and the complicated environments, the traditional design concepts, construction materials, methods, and equipment also need improvement. Further, recent energy and material shortages have caused additional burdens on the engineering profession and brought about the need to seek alternative or cost-saving methods for foundation design and construction.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-5271-7
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 16
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    Online Resource
    Air Pollution Modeling : Theories, Computational Methods and Available Software (1990)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781475744651
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 444 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-4465-1
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  • 17
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    Online Resource
    Lamps and Lighting (1990)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468466591
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Conran Design Guides
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1:Table Lamps -- 2:Ceiling Lamps -- 3:Desk Lamps -- 4:Walland Floor Lamps -- Biographies.
    Abstract: trace the copyright holders and we apologize in advance for any unintentional omission and would be pleased to insert the I:TABLE LAMPS 23 appropriate acknowledgment In any subsequent edition of this publ,cat Ion. AUTHORS' ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors wish to thank all those manufacturers and designers who answered queries and searched through their archives. 2:CEILING LAMPS 35 the supportive and professional staff at Conran Octopus and Sir Terence Conran for his personal interest and guidance. NOTE TO READER Names of objects and designers printed In roman or bold type denote that a photograph of the object or a bography i of the designer can be found elsewhere in 3:DESK LAMPS 47 the book. 4:WALL AND FLOOR LAMPS 59 BIOGRAPHIES 72 INDEX 80 6 LAMPS AND LIGHTING THE IMPORTANCE Of LIGHTING DESIGN Light fascinated artists, architects and engineers long before the invention of modern electric lighting gave them a new, unrivalled technological palette to explore in the twentieth century. Awe-struck appreciation of light's ability to define colour, texture and form, and its capacity to shape emotional response can be found in the great art, and literature, of even the earliest civilizations. From shooting stars, volcanoes and lighting to fireworks, wax candles and gas lamps - the central role of light in visual perception can be traced through the culture of centuries.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-6659-1
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  • 18
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    Practical Handbook of Warehousing (1990)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781475711943
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVII, 640 p) , digital
    Edition: Third Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Background of the Warehouse Industry -- 1 Warehousing: Origins, History and Development -- 2 Warehousing in Today’s Economy -- 3 The Functions of Warehousing -- 4 Warehousing Alternatives the Make or Buy Decision -- The Elements of Warehouse Management -- 5 Communications -- 6 Packaging and Identification -- 7 Transportation -- 8 Accountability -- 9 Starting-Up or Moving a Warehouse Operation -- 10 Warehouse Performance Audits -- Real Estate Aspects of Warehousing -- 11 Finding the Right Location -- 12 Building, Buying, Leasing, or Rehabilitating? -- 13 Construction -- 14 Planning for Future Uses -- Planning Warehouse Operations -- 15 Space Planning -- 16 Planning for People and Equipment -- 17 Contingency Planning -- 18 Postponement -- 19 Strategic Planning -- 20 Selecting a Public Warehouse -- Protecting the Warehouse Operation -- 21 Preventing Casualty Losses -- 22 ‘Mysterious Disappearance’ -- 23 Safety, Sanitation and Housekeeping -- 24 Contracts and Liability -- 25 Verification of Inventories and Cycle Counting -- The Human Element -- 26 Orientation and Training -- 27 Labor Relations -- 28 Motivation -- 29 Maintaining and Improving Performance -- Productivity and Quality Control -- 30 Making Warehousing More Efficient -- 31 Measuring Productivity -- 32 Scheduling Warehouse Operations -- 33 Customer Service—Its Role in Warehousing -- 34 Improving Asset Utilization -- 35 ‘Just-in-Time’ -- 36 Identifying and Controlling Costs -- 37 Management Productivity -- 38 Reducing Errors -- Handling of Materials -- 39 Receiving and Shipping -- 40 Specialized Warehousing -- 41 Order Picking -- 42 Equipment: Storage and Live Storage -- 43 Forklifts and Other Mobile Equipment -- 44 Approaching Automated Handling -- 45 Unit Loads -- 46 Dealing With Damage -- Handling of Information -- 47 Clerical Procedures -- 48 Computer Hardware -- 49 Software for Warehousing Operations -- 50 Electronic Identification -- Appendices -- Appendix 1 -- Uniform Commercial Code -- Appendix 2 -- Awa Booklet of Depositor-Warehouseman Agreements -- About the Author.
    Abstract: This is the third edition of a book first published in 1983. It con­ tains two new chapters. One of these deals with the growing use of "just-in-time" techniques and their effect on warehousing. A second new chapter covers specialized warehousing and three types of special storage - temperature control, protection of hazardous materials and "fulfillment" warehousing. Major changes in both materials handling and information processing and transmitting have caused appropriate changes in the contents of this book. For over two decades, the author has been involved in writing about the warehousing industry. Earlier writings were oriented to­ ward users and operators of public warehouses. The goal of this early writing was to develop a better understanding between the third party warehouse operator and his consumer, through a common apprecia­ tion of technical problems. Since that time, the number of information sources on warehous­ ing has increased. A professional society, the Warehousing Education and Research Council did not even exist when we first started writing about the industry. Today it provides an important source of informa­ tion in the field. Both private and third-party warehousing have grown in vol­ ume. More importantly, public awareness of warehousing as an in­ dustry in itself has increased.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-1194-3
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  • 19
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    Online Resource
    Fiber Optics Standard Dictionary (1989)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781475711776
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 366 p) , digital
    Edition: Second Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- X Y Z.
    Abstract: The first edition of this dictionary was written during the years preceding 1980. No fiber optics glossary had been published by any recognized stan­ dards body. No other dictionaries in fiber optics had been published. A significant list of fiber optics terms and definitions, NBS Handbook 140, Optical Waveguide Communications Glossary, was issued in 1982 by the National Bureau of Standards, now the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Since then several publications by standards bodies contained fiber optics terms and definitions. In 1984 the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers published IEEE Standard 812-1984, Definitions of Terms Relating to Fiber Optics. In 1986 the National Communication Sys­ tem published Federal Standard FED-STD-I037A, Glossary of Telecom­ munication Terms, containing about 100 fiber optics terms and definitions. In 1988 the Electronic Industries Association issued EIA-440A, Fiber Optic Terminology. All of these works were based on NBS Handbook 140 com­ piled 10 years earlier. Currently the International Electrotechnical Commission is preparing IEC Draft 731, Optical Communications, Terms and Definitions. Work in fiber optics terminology is being contemplated in the International Organization for Standardization and the International Telecommunications Union. None of these works constitutes a comprehensive coverage of the field of fiber optics. Each was prepared by professional people representing specific in­ terest groups. Each work was aimed at specific audiences: research activi­ ties, development activities, manufacturers, scientists, engineers, and so on. Their content is devoted primarily to fundamental scientific and technical principles and theory rather than state-of-the-art and advanced technology.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-1177-6
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  • 20
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    Nutrition and Feeding of Fish (1989)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781475711745
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 260 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 The Concept of Feeding Fish -- Evolution of Aquaculture -- Necessity of Feeding Fish -- Comparison of Feeding Fish and Land Animals -- Fish Versus Farm Animals as Animal Protein in Human Diets -- Levels of Fish Culture -- 2 The Nutrients -- Energy Requirements and Sources -- Proteins and Amino Acids -- Vitamins -- Essential Lipids -- Minerals -- 3 Digestion and Metabolism -- Digestion -- Measuring Nutrient Digestibility in Fish -- Metabolism -- Rate of Metabolism (Oxygen Consumption) in Fish -- 4 Nonnutrient Diet Components -- Toxins and Antimetabolites -- Diet Additives -- Accidental Contaminants -- 5 Feed Formulation and Processing -- Formulating Fish Feeds -- Practical Feed Ingredients -- Processing Fish Feeds -- 6 Fish Feeding Experiments -- Controlled Environment Studies -- Practical Environment Studies -- 7 Practical Feeding — Channel Catfish -- Feeding Practices -- Nutritional Requirements of Channel Catfish -- Importance of Natural Foods in Catfish Ponds -- Effect of Fish Size on Feeding Responses -- Compensatory Growth in Channel Catfish -- Effects of Feed on Sensory Qualities of Processed Catfish -- Feeding Brood Fish -- 8 Practical Feeding—Tilapias -- Culture Practices -- Nutrient Requirements -- Feeds and Feeding -- 9 Practical Feeding—Salmon and Trout -- Types of Salmonid Culture -- Production of Seedstock -- General Culture Methods -- Nutrient Requirements -- Feed Formulation -- Feeding Practices -- 10 Practical Feeding—Penaeid Shrimps -- Culture Practices -- Nutrient Requirements -- Feeds and Feeding -- Practical Feeds -- 11 Practical Feeding—Eels -- Culture Methods -- Nutritional Requirements -- Feed Preparation -- Feeding Practices -- Daily Feeding Rate -- Research Needs -- 12 Practical Feeding—Crawfish -- Culture -- Feeding Behavior -- Providing Natural Foods for Crawfish -- Supplemental Feeding -- Nutrient Requirements -- Appendix A Composition of Feed Ingredients -- Appendix B Common and Scientific Names of Species.
    Abstract: Aquaculture is more than a science in its infancy; it is now recognized as a viable and profitable enterprise worldwide. It will continue to grow and supply an increasingly larger percentage of fishery products consumed because the oceans are inadequately managed and their yield is unpredictable. Supply, price, and quality can be controlled more effectively when fish are cultured under managed conditions, like corn in a field. As aquaculture technology has evolved, there has been a trend toward higher yields and faster growth which has necessitated enhancing or replacing natural foods with prepared diets. In many aquaculture operations today, feed accounts for over half of the vari­ able operating cost. Feeding fish in their aqueous environment takes on dimensions beyond those considered in fee ding land animals; the nutrient requirements, feeding practices, and feeding environment are unique for fish. Knowledge on nutrition and practical feeding of fish is essential to successful aquaculture. This book is intended to be helpful to students, scientists, practic­ ing nutritionists, and aquaculturists. It covers the known nutrient requirements and deficiency effects for various fishes. It discusses nu­ trient sources and preparation of research and practical feeds. It gives direction for designing and conducting fish nutrition and feeding ex­ periments. Feeding practices for several commercially important fishes representing diverse culture systems (coldwater fish, warm­ water fish, crustaceans, pond cultures, and highly artificial cultures) are presented. One book, of course, cannot be all-encompassing in the area of fish nutrition and feeding.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-1174-5
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  • 21
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    Size Exclusion Chromatography (1989)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781461578611
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 286 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-7861-1
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  • 22
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    Structural Design in Wood (1989)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468499964
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 426 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: VNR Structural Engineering Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Introduction -- 2. Wood Structure and Properties -- 3. Production and Grading of Sawn Lumber -- 4. Loads and Allowable Stresses -- 5. Connections—Nails, Screws, and Bolts -- 6. Selecting Sawn-Timber Beams -- 7. Selecting Sawn-Timber Compression and Tension Members -- 8. Glued Laminated Members -- 9. Bolts, Timber Connectors, and Special Weldments -- 10. Timber Trusses -- 11. Plywood and Similar Wood Products -- 12. Diaphragm Action and Design -- 13. Built-Up and Composite Members -- 14. Formwork for Concrete -- 15. Miscellaneous Structure Types -- 16. Wood Durability, Protection, and Preservation -- Appendix A -- Appendix B -- Appendix C.
    Abstract: Why another textbook on the design of wood sets this book apart is its inclusion of "struc­ structures? In many years of teaching structural tural planning. " Most textbooks show only the design in wood, the authors have used virtually selection of member proportions or number of every textbook available, as well as using only connectors in a joint to satisfy a given, com­ a code and no textbook at all. The textbooks pletely defined situation. This book, on the used have included both the old and the rela­ other hand, shows the thinking process needed tively modem; some have been fairly good, but to determine whether or not the member is re­ in our opinion each has deficiencies. Some quired in the first place. Following this, the books have too few solved examples. Others spacing and continuity of the member are de­ omit important material or have an arrange­ cided, its loads are determined, and finally its ment making them difficult to use as formal shape and size are selected. teaching tools. By writing this book, we intend We believe that illustrating structural plan­ to correct such deficiencies. ning as well as detailed member and connec­ The prime purpose of this book is to serve as tion design is of considerable value in helping a classroom text for the engineering or archi­ the student make the transition from the often tecture student.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-9996-4
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  • 23
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    Total Materials Management : The Frontier for Maximizing Profit in the 1990s (1989)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468465662
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Competitive Manufacturing Series
    Series Statement: Competitve Manufacturing Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Materials Management Concept and Organization -- 1. Introduction to Total Materials Management -- 2. Organization of Total Materials Management -- 2. Planning and Control of Materials Management -- 3. Materials Management Planning -- 4. The Integration of Inventory Control in Materials Management -- 5. Roles of Production Control in Materials Management -- 6. The Impact of Material Requirements Planning and Distribution Requirements Planning on Materials Management -- 3. Procurement, Materials Flow, and Distribution -- 7. Purchasing -- 8. Receiving and Stores -- 9. Materials Handling -- 10. Physical Distribution -- 4. Implementation and Control of Materials Management -- 11. System Design and Computer Application for Materials Management -- 12. Pitfalls, Problems, and Operation of a Total Materials Management Program -- 13. Control of Materials Management Functions -- 14. Financial Considerations Related to Materials Management.
    Abstract: Materials management has become an important activity in both manu­ facturing and service organizations. Rapid changes in the industrial envi­ ronment, such as the introduction of automation and Just-In-Time, and demands for increased productivity and quality have increased the need for alI personnel to be concerned with total control of materials. Clearly this trend will continue, and materials management wilI play an increasingly vital role in organizational success, especialIy for operations that are be­ coming automated. Materials management will be more critical in many service organizations where the materials group has received little attention in the past. This book covers the basic materials management function and provides valuable insights into various other major functions related to it. We believe that each of these-manufacturing, marketing, finance, quaIity assurance, and engineering-is vitalIy involved in materiaIs management, and any coverage of the subject that excludes these functions offers too narrow a perspective. With increasing demand for materials managers, human resource re­ quirements will be satisfied by individuals trained within the discipline and by personnel who have worked in other fields. The dimensions of materials management have grown so rapidly that many practicing managers are not aware that they are fulfilling material management functions. It is impor­ tant that alI individuals have the basic knowledge required to perforrn their roles in these organizations.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-6566-2
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  • 24
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    Online Resource
    Amyloid and Amyloidosis (1988)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781475702989
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XL, 885 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I. Progress in Amyloidosis Research -- II. Amyloidogenesis -- III. Al Amyloidosis -- IV. AA Amyloidosis -- V. Familial Amyloid Polyneuropathy (FAP): Chemical Study -- VI. Familial Amyloid Polyneuropathy (FAP): Clinical and Morphological Study -- VII. Cerebral Amyloid -- VIII. Other Types of Amyloid -- IX. Clinical and Morphological Study -- X. Therapy -- Participants.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-0298-9
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  • 25
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    Online Resource
    The Surveying Handbook (1987)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781475711882
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVI, 1274 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Civil engineering. ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Surveying Field Notes, Data Collectors -- Measurement Errors -- Linear Measurements -- Linear Measurements—EDM Instruments -- Angle Measurement—Transits and Theodolites -- Leveling -- Instrument Adjustments -- Traversing -- Survey Drafting -- Triangulation -- Trilateration -- Geodesy -- Inertial and Satellite Positioning Surveys -- Survey Measurement Adjustments by Least Squares -- Field Astronomy for Azimuth Determinations -- Map Projections -- Plane Coordinate Systems -- Photogrammetry -- Slope Stakes and Earthwork -- Compass Surveying -- The Planetable: Instruments and Methods for Topographic Surveys and Construction Layout -- Control Surveys -- Construction Surveying -- Route Surveys -- Hydrographic Surveying -- Mining Surveys -- Land Surveys -- Public-Land Surveys -- Optical Tooling -- Land Descriptions -- The Role of the Surveyor in Land Litigation: Pretrial -- Courtroom Techniques -- Survey Business Management -- Surveying Charges, Contracts, and Liability -- Land Information Systems -- Surveying Profession, Registration, and Associations.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-1188-2
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  • 26
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    Computer Graphics in Biology (1986)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468414905
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Computers in Biology Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. An Introduction to Computer Graphics -- 1.1 The beginnings of computer graphics -- 1.2 What is computer graphics? -- 1.3 Computer graphics and biology -- 1.4 The elements of a computer graphics system -- 1.5 Computer graphics in perspective -- 1.6 References -- 2. Graphics Hardware -- 2.1 An overview -- 2.2 Input devices -- 2.3 Display devices -- 2.4 Display processors -- 2.5 The computer -- 2.6 References and bibliography -- 3. Graphics Software -- 3.1 Connecting computers and graphic devices -- 3.2 Graphics software packages -- 3.3 Graphics packages on mini computers and mainframe computers -- 3.4 Microcomputer graphics software -- 3.5 Graphics workstations -- 3.6 The applications program -- 3.7 References and bibliography -- 4. Two-dimensional Graphics -- 4.1 The elements of two-dimensional transformations -- 4.2 Representation of points -- 4.3 Straight line transformations -- 4.4 Rotation -- 4.5 Reflection -- 4.6 Multi-operation transformations (composition) -- 4.7 Two-dimensional homogeneous coordinates -- 4.8 Two-dimensional rotation about an arbitrary axis -- 4.9 References -- 5. Three-dimensional Graphics -- 5.1 Basic concepts -- 5.2 Three-dimensional homogeneous coordinates -- 5.3 Three-dimensional scaling -- 5.4 Three-dimensional shearing -- 5.5 Three-dimensional rotations -- 5.6 Reflection in three dimensions -- 5.7 Three-dimensional translation -- 5.8 Three-dimensional rotation about an arbitrary axis -- 5.9 Projections -- 5.10 Conclusions -- 5.11 References -- 6. Hidden Lines and Hidden Surfaces -- 6.1 An introduction to hidden lines and surfaces -- 6.2 A simple hidden lines algorithm -- 6.3 The Galimberti and Montanari algorithm -- 6.4 The hidden surface problem -- 6.5 A preliminary classification -- 6.6 Surface representation and hidden surface methods -- 6.7 Conclusions -- 6.8 References and bibliography -- 7. Graphical Representation of Biological Data -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Graphs and histograms -- 7.3 Point plots and transforms -- 7.4 Graphics data structures -- 7.5 A data structure for hidden lines treatment -- 7.6 References -- 8. Reconstruction Methods for Cell Systems -- 8.1 Tissue reconstruction -- 8.2 The role of computer graphics -- 8.3 Input of data -- 8.4 Two-dimensional analyses -- 8.5 Three-dimensional reconstruction -- 8.6 Three-dimensional reconstruction of neurones (CELL) -- 8.7 Three-dimensional reconstruction of non-neural tissue (RECON) -- 8.8 Other three-dimensional reconstruction programs -- 8.9 References and bibliography -- 9. Image Capture and Image Analysis -- 9.1 Biological images -- 9.2 Image capture devices -- 9.3 Analysis of periodic images -- 9.4 The Joyce-Loebl Magiscan -- 9.5 Reconstruction from X-ray data -- 9.6 References and bibliography -- 10. Molecular Graphics -- 10.1 An introduction to molecular graphics -- 10.2 Components of a molecular graphics system -- 10.3 Molecular data -- 10.4 Examples of molecular graphics packages -- 10.5 Some existing systems -- 10.6 References and bibliography -- 11. Simulation and Animation -- 11.1 Moving pictures -- 11.2 Hardware for real-time animations -- 11.3 Concepts of graphic animation -- 11.4 Dynamic graph construction -- 11.5 Simulation of cell division and cell interaction processes -- 11.6 Animation of genetic events -- 11.7 References and bibliography -- Appendix 1: Matrix Manipulations -- A1.1 Basic definitions -- A1.2 Vectors -- A1.3 Matrix addition -- A1.4 The trace of a matrix -- A1.5 The determinants of a matrix -- A1.6 Multiplication by a scalar -- A1.7 Matrix multiplication -- A1.8 References -- Appendix 2: A Graphics Glossary.
    Abstract: Computer graphics is being used to an increasing extent in the biological disciplines. As hardware costs drop and technological developments intro­ duce new graphics possibilities, researchers and teachers alike are becoming aware of the value of visual display methods. In this book we introduce the basics of computer graphics from the standpoints of both hardware and software, and review the main areas within biology to which computer graphics have been applied. The com­ puter graphics literature is vast, and we have not been able to give a full course on graphics techniques in these pages. We have instead tried to give a fairly balanced account of the use of graphics in biology, suitable for the reader with some elementary grounding in computer programming. We have included extensive references both to material cited in the text and to other relevant publications. One of the factors that has fuelled the increase in graphics use is the ease with which the more simple graphics techniques may be implemented on microcomputers. We hav.e, therefore, paid attention to microcomputer graphics as well as graphics techniques suitable for larger machines. Our examples range from simple two-dimensional graph plots to highly complex surface representations of molecules that require sophisticated graphics devices and mainframe computers on which to run. The book is separated into two logical sections. The first part con­ centrates on general graphics techniques, giving an overview from which the reader will be able to refer to other more specialised texts as required.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-1490-5
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  • 27
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    Decision and Intelligence (1986)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468473292
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (203 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Robot Technology 6
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Prospects for knowledge-based robots -- 2 Robots and artificial intelligence: parallel developments -- 3 Expert systems and knowledge-based languages -- 4 Production-rule expert systems -- 5 Introduction to search techniques -- 6 Heuristic graph searching -- 7 AND/OR graphs -- 8 First order predicate logic -- 9 Future prospects for knowledge-based robots.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-7329-2
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  • 28
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    Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences : Accepted by Colleges and Universities of the United States and Canada (1986)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468451979
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 393 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences, Accepted by Colleges and Universities of the United States and Canada 29
    Series Statement: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences 29
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Aerospace Engineering -- 2. Agricultural Economics, Sciences, and Engineering -- 3. Architectural Engineering and Urban Planning -- 4. Astronomy -- 5. Astrophysics -- 6. Ceramic Engineering -- 7. Chemical Engineering -- 8. Chemistry and Biochemistry -- 9. Civil Engineering -- 10. Communications Engineering and Computer Science -- 11. Cryogenic Engineering -- 12. Electrical Engineering -- 13. Engineering Mechanics -- 14. Engineering Physics -- 15. Engineering Science -- 16. Fuels, Combustion, and Air Pollution -- 17. General and Environmental Engineering -- 18. Geochemistry and Soil Science -- 19. Geological Sciences and Geophysical Engineering -- 20. Geology and Earth Science -- 21. Geophysics -- 22. Industrial Engineering and Operations Research -- 23. Irrigation Engineering -- 24. Marine and Ocean Engineering -- 25. Materials Science and Engineering -- 26. Mechanical Engineering and Bioengineering -- 27. Metallurgy -- 28. Meteorology and Atmospheric Science -- 29. Mineralogy and Petrology -- 30. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering -- 31. Missile and Space Systems Engineering -- 32. Nuclear Engineering -- 33. Nuclear Physics -- 34. Nuclear Science -- 35. Oceanography and Marine Science -- 36. Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering -- 37. Photogrammetric and Geodetic Engineering -- 38. Physics and Biophysics -- 39. Plastics Engineering -- 40. Wood Technology, Forestry, and Forest Science -- 41. Reactor Science -- 42. Sanitary Engineering, Water Pollution and Resources -- 43. Textile Technology -- 44. Transportation Engineering -- Theses without Specification of School or Department.
    Abstract: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and disseminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS) * at Purdue University in 1 957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dissemination phases of the activity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all con­ cerned if the printing and distribution of the volumes were handled by an interna­ tional publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Cor­ poration of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 29 (thesis year 1984) a total of 12,637 theses titles from 23 Canadian and 202 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for these titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this important annual reference work. While Volume 29 reports theses submitted in 1984, on occasion, certain univer­ sities do report theses submitted in previous years but not reported at the time.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-5197-9
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  • 29
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    Primary Photo-Processes in Biology and Medicine (1985)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468412246
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 478 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-1224-6
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  • 30
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    Geology and Society (1985)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781461325437
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Environmental Resource Management Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Introduction -- The Environment and the Geological Sciences -- Environment and History -- Environmental Guidelines -- The Environmental Decade -- The Present Status -- The Future -- Postlude -- 2 Mineral Resources -- Classification -- Occurrence and Distribution of Ore Deposits -- Exploration and Discovery -- Mining and Development -- Supply and Demand -- Non-Metallic Minerals -- Impacts Caused by Mining -- Mineral Policy and Planning -- Reclamation -- Postlude -- 3 Energy Resources -- An Overview -- Oil -- Natural Gas -- Coal -- Synfuels -- Other Geologic Energy Sources -- Energy Policy -- Postlude -- 4 Water Resources -- Occurrence -- Water Use -- Water Problems -- Water Management -- Case Studies in Water Management -- Postlude -- 5 Volcanic Activity -- Distribution -- Processes and Classification -- Volcanic Disasters -- Prediction -- Hazard Mitigation -- Beneficial Aspects -- Postlude -- 6 Earthquakes -- Terminology -- Distribution -- Causes -- Effects -- Damages -- Disasters -- Prediction and Amelioration of Earthquakes -- Postlude -- 7 Landslides -- Effects -- Landslides and Related Processes -- Classification -- Natural Causes -- Human Interference -- Landslide Destruction -- Land Management -- Snow Avalanches -- Government Landslide Programs -- Postlude -- 8 Floods -- River Systems -- Why Do We Have Floods? -- Effects of Floods -- Management of Flood Hazards -- Geological Data -- Postlude -- 9 Coastal Environments -- The Seascape -- Coastal Forces -- Historical Background -- Current Status of Shorelines -- Barrier Islands -- Human Intervention -- Coastal Engineering -- Coastal Law -- Postlude -- 10 Soil Destruction -- What is Soil? -- Historical Background -- Soil Destruction -- Farmland Erosion -- Deforestation -- Salinization -- Other Soil Losses -- Desertification -- Structural-Engineering Controls -- The World Situation -- Postlude -- 11 Geoengineering -- Conveyance Systems -- Dams -- Channelization -- Environmental Engineering -- Other Case Histories -- Postlude -- 12 Environmental Contamination -- Role of Geology -- Air Pollution -- Solid-Waste Disposal -- Hazardous Waste -- Nuclear Waste -- Wastewater Disposal -- Recycling -- Postlude -- 13 Environmental Management -- The Format of Management -- Objectives -- Role of the Geologist -- Urban Areas -- Natural Resources -- Geologic Hazards -- Environmental Costs -- Environmental Policies in Other Countries -- Postlude -- 14 Environmental Law -- General Laws -- Specific Environmental Laws -- Laws for Geologists -- Mining Law -- Water Law -- Maritime Law -- Land-Use Law -- Legal Rights for Natural Features -- Eminent Domain -- Hazards and Disasters -- Postlude -- Appendix A Table of Conversions -- Appendix B Volcanic Disasters -- Appendix C Major Earthquake Disasters Throughout the World -- Appendix D Landslide Disasters -- Appendix E Major Land Subsidence Areas -- Appendix F Severe Flood Disasters in the United States -- Appendix G Coastal Area Disasters from Tropical Storms and Tsunamis -- References and Source Materials.
    Abstract: Mankind lives, works, and plays on the earth's surface. The majority of such human activities change in some manner the geological materials and processes of our planet. It is the basis of this book that an understanding of this relationship is significant. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that natural processes and events can in turn greatly affect society. Erosion devastates farms and grazing lands. The spectacular hazards of earthquakes, volcanoes, floods, and landslides can lead to disastrous loss of life and property. Thus, one theme in this book is to provide perspective on the duality of these impacts on the environmental scene. Geology is a key component that can lead to an improved understanding of these changes and influences. A care­ full orchestration of geological studies can help soften the deleterious aspects of nature and minimize the harmful byproducts of civilization. This is the central message that is repeated throughout these pages. This book is one of a series of volumes published and in preparation in the series entitled "Environmental Resources Management. " Books already in print include two on soils, and others on mineral resources, and land-use planning. These will be followed by books on surface-water resources, groundwater resources, environmental pollution, energy resources, coastal environments, glacial environments, arid regional environments, and others. Chapter 1 provides the introduction and sets the stage and tone for the book. Chapters 2,3, and 4 deal with the resource base of society - minerals, fuels, and water.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4613-2543-7
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  • 31
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    Optical Microscopy of Materials (1984)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781475760859
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 130 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 The mechanical construction of the microscope -- 2 Image formation in the microscope -- 3 Objectives and eyepieces -- 4 Illumination of the object -- 5 Polarized light microscopy -- 6 Opaque stop and phase contrast microscopy -- 7 Interference microscopy -- 8 Quantitative microscopy -- 9 Specimen preparation -- 10 Photomicrography -- References and further reading -- Appendix: The care of the microscope.
    Abstract: Since Sorby published his observations on the structures of steels in 1863, the optical microscope has become one of the most widely used and versatile instruments for examining the structures of engineering materials. Moreover, to examine the diverse range of materials encountered, it must be used in both the reflected-light and transmitted-light forms, and with polarized light. It is complementary to, but not superseded by, the wide range of electron-optical instruments that are now used. Despite its extensive use, it has been described as the most misused, abused, and misunderstood of scientific instruments, for it will produce an image of a sort no matter how badly it is used. To use it effectively, even in its simplest applications, a knowledge of the simple theory of the microscope is necessary, for the theory shows and explains how it should be used. Thus my aim has been to give a simple and, where possible, quantitative account of both the theory and the use of the microscope, including the various special techniques for which it can be used. But, no matter how effectively the microscope is used, if the specimen is inadequately prepared the results of examination will be of doubtful value.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-6085-9
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  • 32
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    Regression of Atherosclerotic Lesions : Experimental Studies and Observations in Humans (1984)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781475717730
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 355 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I. Regression of Atherosclerosis in Animals -- The Pathobiology of the Atherosclerotic Plaque in the Mid-1980s -- Interaction of Therapeutic Diets and Cholesterol-Lowering Drugs in Regression Studies in Animals -- Progression and Regression of Nonhuman Primate Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis: Considerations of Experimental Design -- The Comparative Pathology of Nonhuman Primate Atherosclerosis -- Plant Glycosides. Effects on Atherosclerosis Regression in Macaca fascicularis -- Plasma Lipoprotein Changes Induced by Diets. Effect on Progression and Regression of Arterial Lesions in Nonhuman Primates -- Regression of Arterial Lesions in Animal Models: Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopic Aspects -- Use of Cholesteryl Ester Analogs to Study Transport of Lipoproteins in Intact Animals -- Interaction Between Lipids and the Intercellular Matrix of the Arterial Wall: Its Role in the Evolution of the Atherosclerotic Lesion -- II. Studies on Human Atherosclerosis -- The Evolution of Human Atherosclerotic Lesions -- Possible Recognition of Atherosclerosis Regression in Humans -- High-Density Lipoproteins and Their Role in Preventing or Retarding Atherosclerosis -- Studies on Arterial Interstitial Fluid -- Comparison of the Morphology of Atherosclerotic Lesions in the Coronary Arteries of Man with Morphology of Lesions Produced and Regressed in Experimental Primates -- Control or Reversal of Atherosclerosis Through Therapy of Lipid Disorders -- Planning and Evaluation of Studies on Atherosclerosis in Controlled Clinical Trials -- Status of Controlled Clinical Trials in Peripheral Vessel Atherosclerosis -- Regression of Atherosclerosis in Man: Current Data and Their Methodological Limitations -- Regression of Femoral Atherosclerosis in Humans: Methodological and Clinical Problems Associated with Studies of Femoral Atherosclerosis Development as Assessed by Angiograms -- Regression of Atherosclerosis in Humans: Anatomical Evidence from Postmortem Studies.
    Abstract: The Advanced Study Institute on Regression of Atherosclerotic Lesions, sponsored by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, was held in Maratea, Italy, September 11-13, 1983. The institute was designed to foster discussion of experimental data on the regression of atherosclerosis in animals and evidence of a similar phenomenon in humans. The participating scientists showed with anatomical and biochemical data, that atherosclerosis regresses in cholesterol fed animals after withdrawal of atherogenic stimuli. The existence of regression in humans was inferred from sequential angiographic visualization of arteries, but anatomical and biochemical characteristics of the process have not been defined. Two mechanisms are probably involved in such an angiographic regression. The first, which may occur when hyperlipidemia is partly or fully corrected or during undernutrition or other metabolic abnormalities, may be related to atherosclerosis changes noted in animals undergoing regression. The second type seems independent of changes in plasma lipid levels and may involve resolution of thrombi or other underlying arterial wall factors. The relative frequencies of the two mechanisms are unknown; whether they can occur simultaneously also warrants consideration. It is likely that an exciting milestone will be forthcoming when regression of atherosclerosis is unequivocally demonstrated in humans. Publication of these institute proceedings constitutes a valuable background for future developments.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-1773-0
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  • 33
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    Surface and Colloid Science : Volume 13 (1984)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781461579724
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Electrochemistry of Oil-Water Interfaces -- 1. Potential Difference at Oil-Water Interfaces -- 2. Electrocapillarity -- 3. Binding at Oil-Water Interfaces -- 4. Electrocapillary Emulsification -- 5. Coalescence of Droplets -- 6. Potential Distribution of Membrane Systems -- Abbreviations -- Notation -- References -- 2. Kinetic Theory of Flotation of Small Particles -- 1. Specific Features of the Mechanism Involving Fixation of Small Particles on the Surface of a Bubble -- 2. Specific Features of the Mechanism of Transfer of Small Particles to the Bubble Surface -- 3. Quantitative Theory of Flotation of Small and Medium-Sized Spherical Particles -- 4. Quantitative Experimental Research into Flotation of Small Particles -- 5. Detachment of Small Particles in Contactless Flotation and the Dynamic Adsorption Layer of a Bubble -- 6. Nonequilibrium Surface Forces in Flotation -- 7. Collision Efficiency and Flotation Kinetics -- 8. Influence of Aggregation of the Particles on the Elementary Act of Inertia-free Flotation -- 9. Flotation of Submicron Particles -- 10. Conclusions -- Notation -- References -- 3. Specifically Impermeable Precipitate Membranes -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Hirsch Effect -- 3. Precipitate Formation by Double Diffusion in Gels -- 4. Place of First Formation of Precipitate Lines in Double Diffusion in Gels -- 5. Evolution of Precipitate Lines in Double Diffusion as a Function of Reagent Concentration and Time -- 6. Nondiffusion Methods for Generating Precipitate Lines -- 7. Single-Diffusion Precipitation -- 8. Liesegang Phenomenon -- 9. Biological Precipitate Membranes -- References -- 4. Dynamic Surface Tension and Capillary Waves -- 1. Introduction: Surface Constitutive Equations -- 2. General Theoretical Discussion -- 3. General Remarks on Ripple Methods for the Study of Dynamic Surface Tension -- 4. Interfacial Wave Methods -- 5. The Spectroscopy of Ripples -- 6. Appendix: Reduction of the Determinant Given by Hansen et al. -- References -- 5. Digital-Computer-Oriented Numerical Analysis in Surface Chemistry -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Nonlinear Least-Squares Analysis -- 3. Analysis of Model Stability to Small Errors: Prediction Analysis -- 4. Methods -- 5. Appendix -- References -- 6. Advances in Experimental Techniques for Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Mercury Intrusion Instruments -- 3. Sample Selection and Preparation -- 4. Low-Pressure Intrusion Measurements -- 5. High-Pressure Intrusion Measurements -- 6. Rate of Pressurization -- 7. Presentation of Intrusion Results -- 8. Microcomputers and Porosimeters -- 9. Testing Particulate Materials -- 10. Other Useful Information Available from an Intrusion Experiment -- 11. Closing Statement -- References -- 7. The Contact Angle of Mercury on the Internal Surfaces of Porous Bodies: A Footnote to D. N. Winslow’s Review of Porosimetry -- 1. Introduction -- References -- Author Index.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-7972-4
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  • 34
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    Modelling and Control (1983)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468468465
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Robot Technology, A Series in Eight Volumes 1
    Series Statement: Robot Technology 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Definitions and objectives -- Origin of the word ‘robot’ -- Robotics today -- What is a robot? -- Classification of robots -- Conclusions -- 2 Structure and specification of articulated robots -- Degrees of freedom of a solid -- Degrees of freedom of a robot -- Position of the vehicle and resulting redundancy of degrees of freedom -- How many degrees of freedom? -- False degrees of freedom -- Architecture of the arm -- Description of articulated mechanical systems -- Conclusions -- 3 Articulated mechanical systems: determination of kinematic elements -- Computation of the orientation of a chain relative to a set bound to an upper segment -- Computation of the orientation of a chain relative to a set bound to a lower segment -- Computation of the position of a point on a chain in relation to an upper segment -- Computation of the position of a point on a chain in relation to a lower segment -- Determination of the velocity vectors of rotation of different segments of a chain relative to a set of coordinate axes -- Determination of the velocity vectors of translation of different segments of a chain relative to a set of coordinate axes -- Conclusions -- 4 Calculation of robot articulation variables -- The absence of a solution -- An infinite number of solutions -- A limited number of solutions -- Practical choice of [Pi(R0), Sj(R0)] -- Mechanisms with six degrees of freedom -- Mechanisms with more than six degrees of freedom -- Conclusions -- 5 Positional control of articulated robots -- Reference and starting configurations -- The principles of positional control -- Balanced and initialization configurations -- The problems associated with positional control -- 6 Speed control of articulated robots -- The principles of speed control -- Problems arising from the use of equation (6-16) -- Methods of resolving redundant systems -- Conclusions -- 7 Articulated mechanical systems: the dynamic model -- A dynamic model for an open articulated chain of rigid segments, without backlash or friction -- Development of a dynamic equation for a system having three degrees of freedom -- Another type of model: the bond graph -- Difficulties with dynamic models -- A dynamic model of a belt drive -- Conclusions -- 8 Dynamic control of articulated robots -- Problems associated with real time and computation -- Simplification of the equation of the model -- Other methods of dynamic control -- The choice of the space used in computation -- Conclusions -- 9 Learning and trajectory generation -- Methods of recording trajectories -- Manual control used outside of training -- Improved controls -- Trajectory generation -- Conclusions -- 10 Tasks and performance of articulated robots -- Description of tasks -- The performance of articulated robots -- Conclusions -- References.
    Abstract: This first volume in the series is based on part of a course that I taught in various state and private institutions during 1979 and 1980. It was concerned with the design and control of stationary, articulated robots operating as non-feedback systems. This book (which is devoted to the statement and understanding of problems rather than their solution) presents a review of some of the work, started in 1972, of the team involved with robotics and biomechanics at the Automation Laboratory at Montpellier, in association with the French National Centre for Scientific Research. I am greatly indebted to Professor A. Liegeois, the guiding light of the team, to A. Fournier, E. Dombre, W. Khalil, P. Molinier and P. Borrel who have contributed so much to the progress made in this field. The second volume will describe the present state of the knowledge of robotic systems which are able to perceive the environment, to a greater or lesser extent, and to react appropriately. Such robots will be able to perform the function required of them, in spite of unpredictable, limited changes in the environment. The third volume will deal with teleoperations, the branch of robotics characterized by the necessary and almost permanent presence of a human operator at the controls. The fourth volume will be concerned with technological components of robots and further volumes will discuss robotic languages and programming methods, decision autonomy and artificial intelligence and, finally, the computer-aided design of robots.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-6846-5
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  • 35
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    Neurobiology of Cerebrospinal Fluid 2 (1983)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781461592693
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-9269-3
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  • 36
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    Robotics in Practice : Management and applications of industrial robots (1983)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468471205
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 291 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Control engineering. ; Robotics. ; Automation. ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Fundamentals and management -- 1. Robot use in manufacturing -- 2. Robot anatomy -- 3. End effectors: hands, grippers, pickups and tools -- 4 Matching robots to the workplace -- 5. Reliability, maintenance and safety -- 6. Organizing to support robotics -- 7. Robot economics -- 8. Sociological impact of robots -- 9. Future capabilities -- II Application studies -- 10. Die casting applications -- 11. Spot welding applications -- 12. Arc welding applications -- 13. Investment casting applications -- 14. Forging applications -- 15. Press work applications -- 16. Spray painting applications -- 17. Plastic molding applications -- 18. Applications in foundry practice -- 19. Machine tool loading applications -- 20. Heat treatment applications -- 21. Applications for deburring metal parts -- 22. Palletizing applications -- 23. Applications in brick manufacture -- 24. Applications in glass manufacture -- Appendix: List of principal robot manufacturers.
    Abstract: THE REAL THING by Isaac Asimov Back in 1939, when I was still a teenager, I began to write (and publish) a series of stories about robots which, for the first time in science fiction, were pictured as having been deliberately engineered to do their job safely. They were not intended to be creaky Gothic menaces, nor outlets for mawkish sentiment. They were simply well-designed machines. Beginning in 1942, I crystallized this notion in what I called 'The Three Laws of Robotics' and, in 1950, nine of my robot stories were collected into a book, I, Robot. I did not at that time seriously believe that I would live to see robots in action and robotics becoming a booming industry .... Yet here we are, better yet, I am alive to see it. But then, why shouldn't they be with us? Robots fulfil an important role in industry. They do simple and repetitive jobs more steadily, more reliably, and more uncomplainingly than a human being could - or should. Does a robot displace a human being? Certainly, but he does so at a job that, simply because a robot can do it, is beneath the dignity of a human being; a job that is no more than mindless drudgery. Better and more human jobs can be found for human beings - and should.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-7120-5
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  • 37
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    Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences : Accepted by Colleges and Universities of the United States and Canada (1982)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468442298
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 297 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences, Accepted by Colleges and Universities of the United States and Canada 25
    Series Statement: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences 25
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Aerospace Engineering -- 2. Agricultural Economics, Sciences, and Engineering -- 3. Architectural Engineering and Urban Planning -- 4. Astronomy -- 5. Astrophysics -- 6. Ceramic Engineering -- 7. Chemical Engineering -- 8. Chemistry and Biochemistry -- 9. Civil Engineering -- 10. Communications Engineering and Computer Science -- 11. Cryogenic Engineering -- 12. Electrical Engineering -- 13. Engineering Mechanics -- 14. Engineering Physics -- 15. Engineering Science -- 16. Fuels, Combustion, and Air Pollution -- 17. General and Environmental Engineering -- 18. Geochemistry and Soil Science -- 19. Geological Sciences and Geophysical Engineering -- 20. Geology and Earth Science -- 21. Geophysics -- 22. Industrial Engineering and Operations Research -- 23. Irrigation Engineering -- 24. Marine and Ocean Engineering -- 25. Materials Science and Engineering -- 26. Mechanical Engineering and Bioengineering -- 27. Metallurgy -- 28. Meteorology and Atmospheric Science -- 29. Mineralogy and Petrology -- 30. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering -- 31. Missile and Space Systems Engineering -- 32. Nuclear Engineering -- 33. Nuclear Physics -- 34. Nuclear Science -- 35. Oceanography and Marine Science -- 36. Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering -- 37. Photogrammetric and Geodetic Engineering -- 38. Physics and Biophysics -- 39. Plastics Engineering -- 40. Wood Technology, Forestry, and Forest Science -- 41. Reactor Science -- 42. Sanitary Engineering, Water Pollution and Resources -- 43. Textile Technology -- 44. Transportation Engineering -- Theses without Specification of School or Department.
    Abstract: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and dis­ seminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS) * at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dissemination phases of the ac­ tivity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all concerned if the printing and distribution of the volume were handled by an international publishing. house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Corporation of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 25 (thesis year 1980) a total of 10,308 theses titles from 27 Canadian and 214 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for theses titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this important annual reference work. While Volume 25 reports theses submitted in 1980, on occasion, certain universities do report theses submitted in previous years but not reported at the time.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-4229-8
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  • 38
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    The Limbic System (1982)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781475767551
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 327 p) , digital
    Edition: Second Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. The Structure of the Limbic System -- 2. The Hypothalamus -- 3. The Amygdala -- 4. The Septal Area -- 5. The Hippocampus -- 6. The Graven Image, Lethe, and the Guru -- References -- Author Index.
    Abstract: 107 with treatments that affect the arousal of the animals is also implied on the basis of the behavioral changes induced in the lesioned animals by amphetamine administration and by changes in the motivational circumstances under which the animals are tested. Studies of the effects of cingulate lesions in the rat have involved the production of midline cortical damage. Unfortunately, as reported in the previous chapter, the midline cortex of the rat is not comparable to the midline cortex of other animals as defined on the basis of the fibers it receives from the thalamus. In addition, lesions of the midline cortex, whether in the rat or in other species, are likely to interfere with fibers of the neural systems in or near it. These include the cingulum bundle and the supracallosal fibers of the fornix. Norepi­ nephrine-containing fibers also pass through this region in or near the cingulum bundle. These fibers ascend through the anterior dor­ solateral septal area and turn up and back to pass through the midline regions and innervate the entire medial cortex (Morrison, Molliver, & Grzanna, 1979). Lesions in this area reduce the norepinephrine distribution throughout the rostrocaudal extent of the medial cortex. A similar problem results from destruction to the anterior cortical regions. Lesions in that region could reduce the norepinephrine sup­ plies of the entire dorsolateral cortex.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-6755-1
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  • 39
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    The Uncommon Child (1981)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468437737
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 342 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Behavioral Science
    Series Statement: Genesis of Behavior 3
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social structure. ; Equality.
    Abstract: 1 The Uncommon as the Common: A Relative View -- 2 Traits, Environments, and Adaptation -- 3 The Importance of Temperament-Environment Interaction for Child Health and Development -- 4 The Uncommonly Bright Child -- 5 Down’s Syndrome Children: Characteristics and Intervention Research -- 6 Behavioral and Metabolic Factors in Childhood Obesity -- 7 Developmental Consequences of Malnutrition in Early Childhood -- 8 Clinical Perspectives on the Sick and Dying Child -- 9 Peer Behavior and Mother-Infant Interaction in Maltreated Children -- 10 The Infant’s Effort to Cope with Separation -- 11 The Transmission of Incompetence: The Offspring of Mentally Ill Women -- 12 The Child in the Nonconventional Family -- 13 The Common in the Uncommon Child: Comments on the Child’s Integrative Capacities and on Intuitive Parenting -- Author Index.
    Abstract: How are we to understand the complex forces that shape human behavior? A variety of diverse perspectives, drawing upon studies of human behavioral ontogeny, as well as humanity's evolutionary heri­ tage, seem to provide the best likelihood of success. It is in the attempt to synthesize such potentially disparate approaches to human devel­ opment into an integrated whole that we undertake this series on the Genesis of Behavior. In many respects, the incredible burgeoning of research in child development over the last decade or two seems like a thousand lines of inquiry spreading outward in an incoherent starburst of effort. The need exists to provide, on an ongoing basis, an arena of discourse within which the threads of continuity between those diverse lines of research on human development can be woven into a fabric of meaning and understanding. Scientists, scholars, and those who attempt to translate their efforts into the practical realities of the care and guidance of infants and children are the audience that we seek to reach. Each requires the opportunity to see-to the degree that our knowledge in given areas permits-various aspects of development in a coherent, integrated fashion. It is hoped that this series, which will bring together research on infant biology, developing infant capacities, animal models, the impact of social, cultural, and familial forces on development, and the distorted products of such forces under certain circumstances, will serve these important social and scientific needs.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-3773-7
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  • 40
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    Biological Energy Conservation : Oxidative Phosphorylation (1981)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781461597032
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Second Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Outline Studies in Biology
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 An Introduction to Bioenergetics -- 1.1 The Flow of Energy and Materials in Biology -- 1.2 Adenosine 5?-triphosphate (ATP) -- 1.3 Phosphoryl Transfer Reactions -- 1.4 Substrate-Level Phosphorylation -- 1.5 Oxidation — Reduction Reactions -- 1.6 Respiration and Oxidative Phosphorylation -- 2 The Components of the Respiratory Chain -- 2.1 Nicotinamide Nucleotides -- 2.2 Nicotinamide Nucleotide Transhydrogenase -- 2.3 Respiratory Chain Dehydrogenases -- 2.4 Ubiquinone -- 2.5 Cytochromes -- 2.6 The Composition and Reconstitution of the Respiratory Chain -- 2.7 Spectrophotometric Analyses -- 2.8 Bacterial Respiratory Chains -- 2.9 Electron and Hydrogen Transfer -- 3 The Organization and Function of the Coupling Membrane -- 3.1 Mitochondrial Structure and Function -- 3.2 The Organization of the Mitochondrial Energy Conservation System -- 3.3 Mitochondrial Solute Transport -- 3.4 The Morphology and Organization of the Bacterial Coupling Membrane -- 3.5 Bacterial Solute Transport -- 4 Energy Coupling -- 4.1 Energy Coupling Sites -- 4.2 Respiratory Control -- 4.3 Crossover Points -- 4.4 Uncoupling Agents -- 4.5 Phosphorylation Inhibitors -- 4.6 Reversed Electron Transfer -- 4.7 The Energized State -- 5 Mechanisms of Oxidative Phosphorylation -- 5.1 The Chemical Hypothesis -- 5.2 The Chemiosmotic Hypothesis -- 5.3 The Localized Proton Hypothesis -- 5.4 The Conformational Hypothesis -- 5.5 Chemiosmotic, Localized Proton or Conformational Hypothesis? -- Suggestions for Further Reading.
    Abstract: The student of biological science in his final years as an undergraduate and his first years as a graduate is expected to gain some familiarity with current research at the frontiers of his discipline. New research work is published in a perplexing diversity of publications and is inevitably concerned with the minutiae of the subject. The sheer number of research journals and papers also causes confusion and difficulties of assimilation. Review articles usually presuppose a background know­ ledge of the field and are inevitably rather restricted in scope. There is thus a need for short but authoritative introductions to those areas of modern biological research which are either not dealt with in standard introductory textbooks or are not dealt with in sufficient detail to enable the student to go on from them to read scholarly reviews with profit. This series of books is designed to satisfy this need. The authors have been asked to produce a brief outline of their subject assuming that their readers will have read and remembered much of a standard introductory textbook on biology. This outline then sets out to provide by building on this basis, the conceptual framework within which modern research work is progressing and aims to give the reader an indication of the problems, both conceptual and practical, which must be overcome if progress is to be maintained.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-9703-2
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 41
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    EXAFS Spectroscopy : Techniques and Applications (1981)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781475712384
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 275 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-1238-4
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  • 42
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    Neurobiology of Cerebrospinal Fluid 1 (1980)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468410396
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-1039-6
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  • 43
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    Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure : IV. Constants of Diatomic Molecules (1979)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781475709612
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 716 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Since the publication in 1950 of Vol. I, Spectra of Diatomic Molecules of Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure, much progress has been made in the field. While there have been some important refinements in the theory of diatomic molecular spectra, most of the advances have been in the further exploration of individual spectra. Not only has the number of molecules about which some spectroscopic data are available been increased by a factor of 2 to 3, but also the spectroscopic information about the molecules known in 1950 has been vastly extended. This is due to the observation of new elec­ tronic states (about three times as many as known before), the enormous improvements in the accuracy of the constants of the states known in 1950, and the determination of higher order constants. In view of the increasing use of spectroscopic information on diatomic molecules in other fields of physics, in chemistry, and in astrophysics, it appeared desirable to prepare an up-to-date version of the table of molecular constants in the appendix of Vol. I. This updating proved to be far more time-consuming than originally anticipated, and it is only now, 10 years that we are able to present such a table, which, instead after its initiation, of the original 80 pages (plus 30 pages of bibliography), now fills a volume of 700 pages. In the interest of economy, and unlike the original version, the new table has been produced by photo-offset from the final manuscript.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-0961-2
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  • 44
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    Photochemical and Photobiological Reviews : Volume 4 (1979)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468435511
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 333 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Content -- 1. Energy Transfer Processes in Bioluminescence -- 2. Phytochrome: Function and Properties -- 3. Photosynthesis and Fast Changes in Light Emission by Green Plants -- 4. Photoreceptors for Circadian Rhythms -- 5. Nondimer Damage in Deoxyribonucleic Acid Caused by Ultraviolet Radiation.
    Abstract: The goals of the science of photobiology can be divided into four categories: to develop (I) ways to optimize the beneficial effects of light on man and his environment, (2) methods to protect organisms, including man, from the detrimental effects of light, (3) photochemical tools for use in studies of life processes, and (4) photochemical therapies in medicine. To achieve these goals will require the knowledgeable collaboration of biologists, chemists, engineers, mathematicians, physicians, and physicists; because photobiology is a truly multidisciplinary science. While a multidis­ ciplinary science is more intellectually demanding, it also has a greater potential for unexpected breakthroughs that can occur when data from several areas of science are integrated into new concepts for theoretical or practical use. Photochemical and Photobiological Reviews continues to provide in­ depth coverage of the many specialty areas of photobiology. It is hoped that these reviews will provide an important service to the younger scientists in the field and to senior scientists in related fields, because they provide a ready access to the recent literature in the field, and more importantly, they frequently offer a critical evaluation of the direction that the field is taking, or suggest a redirection when appropriate. Since it is important that this review series remain responsive to the needs of photochemists and photobiologists, the Editor would value com­ ments and suggestions from its readers.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-3551-1
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  • 45
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    Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences : Accepted by Colleges and Universities of the United States and Canada (1979)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468436204
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 292 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences 23
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Aerospace Engineering -- 2. Agricultural Economics, Sciences, and Engineering -- 3. Architectural Engineering and Urban Planning -- 4. Astronomy -- 5. Astrophysics -- 6. Ceramic Engineering -- 7. Chemical Engineering -- 8. Chemistry and Biochemistry -- 9. Civil Engineering -- 10. Communications Engineering and Computer Science -- 11. Cryogenic Engineering -- 12. Electrical Engineering -- 13. Engineering Mechanics -- 14. Engineering Physics -- 15. Engineering Science -- 16. Fuels, Combustion, and Air Pollution -- 17. General and Environmental Engineering -- 18. Geochemistry and Soil Science -- 19. Geological Sciences and Geophysical Engineering -- 20. Geology and Earth Science -- 21. Geophysics -- 22. Industrial Engineering and Operations Research -- 23. Irrigation Engineering -- 24. Marine and Ocean Engineering -- 25. Materials Science and Engineering -- 26. Mechanical Engineering and Bioengineering -- 27. Metallurgy -- 28. Meteorology and Atmospheric Science -- 29. Mineralogy and Petrology -- 30. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering -- 31. Missile and Space Systems Engineering -- 32. Nuclear Engineering -- 33. Nuclear Physics -- 34. Nuclear Science -- 35. Oceanography and Marine Science -- 36. Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering -- 37. Photogrammetric and Geodetic Engineering -- 38. Physics and Biophysics -- 39. Plastics Engineering -- 40. Wood Technology, Forestry, and Forest Science -- 41. Reactor Science -- 42. Sanitary Engineering, Water Pollution and Resources -- 43. Textile Technology -- 44. Transportation Engineering.
    Abstract: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and dis­ seminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS) * at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dissemination phases of the ac­ tivity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all concerned if the printing and distribution of the volume were handled by an international publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Corporation of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 23 (thesis year 1978) a total of 10,148 theses titles from 27 Canadian and 220 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for theses titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this important annual reference work. While Volume 23 reports these submitted in 1978, on occasion, certain universities do report theses submitted in previous years but not reported at the time.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-3620-4
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  • 46
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    Limits of Medicine : The Doctor’s Job in the Coming Era (1978)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781461588375
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 The Doctor’s Role in the Evolution of Human Society -- 2 Balancing the Needs of Western Society with its Expectations and Resources -- 3 The Patient’s View of the Doctor’s Job -- 4 The Challenge for Medical Education -- 5 Perspectives for the Future.
    Abstract: This volume contains the edited transcript of the third Totts Gap Colloquium held at Totts Gap, Pennsylvania, June 14-16, 1976. The Colloquium was aimed at sensing and evaluating anticipated pat­ terns of medical responsibility and practice and preparing for im­ minent change - specifically as it will concern the role of the doctor. Recognizing that community values and social behavior are powerful forces affecting health, the participants explored ways in which the physician and the rest of the health care professionals may exert their salutary influence. What are the boundaries in which the doctor can function most usefully and effectively? The problem was examined from the view­ point of the philosopher, the public, the social scientist, the medical educator, the legislator, and the practicing physician. Currently available literature is unidimensional in the sense that it consists largely of essays written from an advocate point of view. In contrast, the participants of this Totts Gap Collo­ quium examined disparate data and opinion in the hope of achieving, insofar as possible, reconciliation and synthesis. The dialogue dealt with values and priorities attached to health and health care by our society and with the shifting perspectives occasioned by rapidly expanding scientific knowledge. Questions of economic choice and of public policy were dealt with, assessing anticipated costs of the various options to the community, as well as their implications for medical education.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-8837-5
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  • 47
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    Human Growth : 2 Postnatal Growth (1978)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468426229
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 634 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Cellular Growth: Brain, Liver, Muscle, and Lung -- 2 Cellular Growth: Adipose Tissue -- 3 The Methods of Auxological Anthropometry -- 4 Somatic Growth of the Infant and Preschool Child -- 5 Body Composition and Energy Needs during Growth -- 6 Puberty -- 7 Prepubertal and Pubertal Endocrinology -- 8 The Central Nervous System and the Onset of Puberty -- 9 Body Composition in Adolescence -- 10 Growth of Muscle Tissue and Muscle Mass -- 11 Adipose Tissue Development in Man -- 12 Bone Growth and Maturation -- 13 The Fundamentals of Cranial and Facial Growth -- 14 Skull, Jaw, and Teeth Growth Patterns -- 15 Dentition -- 16 Secular Growth Changes -- 17 The Influence of Exercise, Physical Activity, and Athletic Performance on the Dynamics of Human Growth -- 18 The Low-Birth-Weight Infant -- 19 Growth Dynamics of Low-Birth-Weight Infants with Emphasis on the Perinatal Period.
    Abstract: Growth, as we conceive it, is the study of changeinan organism not yet mature. Differential growth creates form: external form through growth rates which vary from one part of the body to another and one tissue to another; and internal form through the series of time-entrained events which build up in each cell the special­ ized complexity of its particular function. We make no distinction, then, between growth and development, and if we have not included accounts of differentiation it is simply because we had to draw a quite arbitrary line somewhere. lt is only rather recently that those involved in pediatrics and child health have come to realize that growth is the basic science peculiar to their art. It is a science which uses and incorporates the traditional disciplines of anatomy, physiology, biophysics, biochemistry, and biology. It is indeed a part of biology, and the study of human growth is a part of the curriculum of the rejuvenated science of Human Biology. What growth is not is a series of chärts of height and weight. Growth standards are useful and necessary, and their construction is by no means void of intellectual challenge. They are a basic instrument in pediatric epidemiology. But they do not appear in this book, any more than clinical accounts of growth disorders. This appears to be the first large handbook-in three volumes-devoted to Human Growth.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-2622-9
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  • 48
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    Sensory Integration (1978)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468427301
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 579 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Phylogeny of the Vertebrate Sensory Systems -- 2 Ontogeny of Sensory Systems -- 3 Common Properties of Sensory Systems -- 4 Olfaction -- 5 Visual System: Superior Colliculus -- 6 Vision: Geniculocortical System -- 7 Visual System: Pulvinar-Extrastriate Cortex -- 8 Somatosensory System -- 9 The Vestibular System: Basic Biophysical and Physiological Mechanisms -- 10 Vestibular Function in Normal and in Exceptional Conditions -- 11 Functional Properties of the Auditory System of the Brain Stem -- 12 Auditory Forebrain: Evidence from Anatomical and Behavioral Experiments Involving Human and Animal Subjects -- 13 Gustatory System.
    Abstract: The principal goal of the Handbook of Behavioral Neurobiology is a systematic, critical, and timely exposition of those aspects of neuroscience that have direct and immediate bearing on overt behavior. In this first volume, subtitled "Sensory Integration," the subject matter has been subdivided and the authors selected with this particular goal in mind. Although the early chapters (on the phylogeny and ontogeny of sensory systems, and on the common properties of sensory systems) are somewhat too abstract to permit many direct behavioral inferences, the focus on behavior has been maintained there too as closely as is now possible. A behavioral orientation is most obvious in the remaining chapters, which layout for each sensory modality in turn what is now known about structure-behavior relationships. The handbook is primarily intended to serve as a ready reference for two types of readers: first, practicing neuroscientists looking for a concise and authori­ tative treatment of developments outside of their particular specialities; and second, students of one or another branch of neuroscience who need an overview of the persistent questions and current problems surrounding the relation of the perceptual systems to behavior. The requirements imposed by the decision to address these particular audiences are reflected in the scope and style of the chapters as well as in their content.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-2730-1
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  • 49
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    Molecular Neurobiology of the Mammalian Brain (1978)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781461574910
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-7491-0
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  • 50
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    General Principles and Etiology (1977)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468428506
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 476 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Section I: Introduction -- 1 History of Teratology -- 2 Current Status of Teratology—General Principles and Mechanisms Derived From Animal Studies -- 3 Relation of Animal Studies to the Problem in Man -- Section II: Causes of Maldevelopment -- 4 Action of Mutagenic Agents -- 5 Radiations and Other Physical Agents -- 6 Infectious Diseases -- 7 Nutritional Deficiencies and Excesses -- 8 Embryotoxicity of Drugs in Man -- 9 Environmental Chemicals -- 10 Maternal Metabolic and Endocrine Imbalances -- 11 Atmospheric Gases—Variations in Concentration and Some Common Pollutants -- 12 Extremes of Temperature -- 13 Interactions and Multiple Causes.
    Abstract: In less than 40 years teratology has grown from a little known discipline concerned with studies on the effects of a few physical and chemical stresses on developing fish, amphibians, and birds, to a discipline embracing a vast accumulation of literature on experimental studies in many animal forms­ and the results of intensive scrutiny of human development under varied conditions, as well. Emphasis has shifted from preoccupation with descrip­ tions of anatomical defects to concern about subtle and interacting causative factors, to searches for the early reactions to these at the cellular and subcellu­ lar levels, and to identification of abnormality in the chemical, the functional, and the ultrastructural realms. These changes in orientation have quite naturally made necessary the recruitment of concepts, methods, and expertise from other disciplines. Hence the foundations of teratology, which once were largely morphological, have extended into genetics, biochemistry, molecular biology, reproductive physiology, epidemiology, and several aspects of veteri­ nary and clinical medicine. It is not surprising that a student or new investigator approaching the field of teratology may feel some dismay when confronted with the confusing array of cross-disciplinary concepts and principles it encompasses today. One of the aims of this work is to introduce what the editors believe is a logical thread of continuity into a field that may be regarded by some as a welter of disordered information.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-2850-6
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  • 51
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    Early Therapeutic, Social and Vocational Problems in the Rehabilitation of Persons with Spinal Cord Injuries (1977)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468424126
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 378 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I (Clinical) -- Conservative Management of Paraplegia -- Surgical Treatment of Injuries to the Dorsolumbar Spine -- Orthotic Equipment and Technical Aids for Paraplegics -- Social Problems of Paraplegic Patients -- Social Rehabilitation of Paraplegics Treated at the Metropolitan Rehabilitation Center -- Psychological Problems in Paraplegics -- Sports in Therapy and Rehabilitation of Paraplegics -- Problems of Vocational Rehabilitation in Paraplegia -- 2 (Laboratory Work) -- Pathology of the Spine and Spinal Cord Injuries -- Problems of Spasticity in the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injuries -- Reflex Activity in Spinal Shock in Man on the Basis of Hoffmann’s Reflexes -- 3 (New Experimental Surgical Procedures) -- Our Experience with Treatment and Rehabilitation of Patients with Spinal Cord Injury -- Pathology of Spinal Cord Lesions in the Light of Dynamic Alloplasty -- Biomechanical Studies in Dynamic Alloplasty of the Spine -- Clinical Results -- General Evaluation of the Clinical Material.
    Abstract: Dr. Marian Weiss' textbook reviewing the etiology, pathophysiology, philosophy and conservative vs. surgical management of spinal and spinal cord injury is a significant contribution to the world literature. The remarks which follow are intended to serve the reader as a surgeon's 'thumb nail' sketch of the text's contents, along with brief comments on areas of agreement or mild variance of the opinions expressed. Dr. \Veiss' statement that the average surgical team often becomes more emotionally involved with the good or doubtful prognosis case at the expense of the victim with a hopeless prognosis, is totally valid. The percentage number of surgical spinal cases are insignificant when compared with the number of surgical admis­ sions. As a result, little appropriate knowledge is amassed by the average surgeon to allow for competence or confidence in the management of the spinal injured patient's total problems. The opinion is correct that spinal trauma should be managed in Spinal Injury Centers where access to the entire array of specialists required by quadriplegic or paraplegic victims is available. Such comprehensive programs are most appro­ priately affiliated with University Medical Centers.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-2412-6
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  • 52
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    The VNR Concise Encyclopedia of Mathematics (1977)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468482379
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (760 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I. Elementary mathematics -- 1. Fundamental operations on rational numbers -- 2. Higher arithmetical operations -- 3. Development of the number system -- 4. Algebraic equations -- 5. Functions -- 6. Percentages, interest and annuities -- 7. Plane geometry -- 8. Solid geometry -- 9. Descriptive geometry -- 10. Trigonometry -- 11. Plane trigonometry -- 12. Spherical trigonometry -- 13. Analytic geometry of the plane -- II. Steps towards higher mathematics -- 14. Set theory -- 15. The elements of mathematical logic -- 16. Groups and fields -- 17. Linear algebra -- 18. Sequences, series, limits -- 19. Differential calculus -- 20. Integral calculus -- 21. Series of functions -- 22. Ordinary differential equations -- 23. Complex analysis -- 24. Analytic geometry of space -- 25. Projective geometry -- 26. Differential geometry, convex bodies, integral geometry -- 27. Probability theory and statistics -- 28. Calculus of errors, adjustment of data, approximation theory -- 29. Numerical analysis -- 30. Mathematical optimization -- III. Brief reports on selected topics -- 31. Number theory -- 32. Algebraic geometry -- 33. Further algebraic structures -- 34. Topology -- 35. Measure theory -- 36. Graph theory -- 37. Potential theory and partial differential equations -- 38. Calculus of variations -- 39. Integral equations -- 40. Functional analysis -- 41. Foundation of geometry — Euclidean and non-Euclidean geometry -- 42. Foundations of mathematics -- Tables.
    Abstract: It is commonplace that in our time science and technology cannot be mastered without the tools of mathematics; but the same applies to an ever growing extent to many domains of everyday life, not least owing to the spread of cybernetic methods and arguments. As a consequence, there is a wide demand for a survey of the results of mathematics, for an unconventional approach that would also make it possible to fill gaps in one's knowledge. We do not think that a mere juxtaposition of theorems or a collection of formulae would be suitable for this purpose, because this would over­ emphasize the symbolic language of signs and letters rather than the mathematical idea, the only thing that really matters. Our task was to describe mathematical interrelations as briefly and precisely as possible. In view of the overwhelming amount of material it goes without saying that we did not just compile details from the numerous text-books for individual branches: what we were aiming at is to smooth out the access to the specialist literature for as many readers as possible. Since well over 700000 copies of the German edition of this book have been sold, we hope to have achieved our difficult goal. Colours are used extensively to help the reader. Important definitions and groups of formulae are on a yellow background, examples on blue, and theorems on red.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-8237-9
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  • 53
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    Comparative, Maternal, and Epidemiologic Aspects (1977)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781461589365
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 334 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Section V: Maternal and Placental Effects -- 1 Maternal and Cytoplasmic Effects in Experimental Teratology -- 2 Factors That Affect Drug Concentrations in Maternal Plasma -- 3 Effects of Placental Pathology on the Embryo and Fetus -- Section VI: Comparative Studies in Man and Other Mammals -- 4 Summary of Comparative Embryology and Teratology -- 5 Comparative Placental Transfer -- Section VII: Epidemiology -- 6 Detection and Evaluation of Pregnancy Wastage -- 7 Value and Methods of Animal Studies in Epidemiology -- 8 Birth Defects Registries and Surveillance -- 9 Correlations of Malformation Frequency with Environmental and Genetic Attributes in Man.
    Abstract: Modification of embryonic development by genetic differences in the mother is a well-regcognized phemomenon, but little is known about the genet­ ics of these maternal traits or the mechanisms by which they act. To illustrate the genetic approach to the problem, examples are given of how differences in embryonic response to a teratogen can be partitioned into those resulting from differences in embryonic genotype (including the possible role of X-linked genes in producing reciprocal cross differences), maternal genotype, and cytoplasmically transmitted factors. The advantages and limitations of analysis by appropriate crosses, in utero treatments, embryo transfers, and in vitro experiments are illustrated. The numerous inbred strains of the mouse, with well-documented physiology, the recently developed recombinant inbred strains, and the existence of easily identified biochemical marker genes offer at­ tractive opportunities, so far largely unexploited, for causal analysis of mater­ nal effects on teratological responses. VII. ADDENDUM Since this chapter was written, several relevant papers have appeared. The strain difference between AI] and C57BU6] mice in frequency of cleft-palate response to cortisone was fitted to a model of normally distributed log tolerance (Biddle and Fraser, 1976). Genetic differences, both in maternal uterine environment and embryonic response, can be represented in terms of their effect on the median effective dose required for the cleft-palate re­ sponse. The maternal effect of AI] dams relative to C57BU6] dams caused a two-fold reduction in embryonic tolerance to cortisone-induced cleft palate.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-8936-5
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  • 54
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    Advances in Corrosion Science and Technology : Volume 5 (1976)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781461590620
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 398 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Surface Chemistry and Corrosion of Glass -- The Nature of Glass -- Chemical Attack on Glass: Tests for Durability -- Solubility of Silica -- Glass Structure and Ion Selectivity -- Chemical Attack on Glass -- Phase Separation -- Surface Chemistry -- Miscellanea -- Utilization of Corrosion Effects -- Summary -- References -- 2 Halogen Corrosion of Metals -- Pertinent Properties of Binary Metal Halides -- Experimental Methods Used to Study Metal-Halogen Reactions -- Reaction Morphologies, Mechanisms, and Kinetics -- Laboratory Studies of Halogen Attack on Metals and Alloys -- Conclusions -- References -- 3 Oxidation of Zirconium and Its Alloys -- Oxidation in Dry Gases -- Oxidation in High-Temperature Aqueous Environments -- Oxidation Mechanisms -- Hydrogen Absorption -- References.
    Abstract: This series was organized to provide a forum for review papers in the area of corrosion. The aim of these reviews is to bring certain areas of corrosion science and technology into a sharp focus. The volumes of this series are published approximately on a yearly basis and each contains three to five reviews. The articles in each volume are selected in such a way as to be of interest both to the corrosion scientists and the corrosion technologists. There is, in fact, a particular aim in juxtaposing these interests because of the importance of mutual interaction and interdisciplinarity so important in corrosion studies. It is hoped that the corrosion scientists in this way may stay abreast of the activities in corrosion technology and vice versa. In this series the term "corrosion" is used in its very broadest sense. It includes, therefore, not only the degradation of metals in aqueous en­ vironment but also what is commonly referred to as "high-temperature oxidation. " Further, the plan is to be even more general than these topics; the series will include all solids and all environments. Today, engineering solids include not only metals but glasses, ionic solids, polymeric solids, and composites of these. Environments of interest must be extended to liquid metals, a wide variety of gases, nonaqueous electrolytes, and other non­ aqueous liquids.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-9062-0
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  • 55
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    Superconducting Electron-Optic Devices (1976)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468421996
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The International Cryogenics Monograph Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Historical Survey -- 2 Basic Principles of Electron Optics -- 2.1. Rotationally Symmetric Lenses in the Bell-Shaped Field Approximation -- 2.2. Rotationally Symmetric Lenses with Arbitrary Field Distribution -- 2.3. Aberrations Resulting from Misalignment -- 2.4. Multipole Fields for Beam Correction -- 2.5. Image Contrast -- 2.6. Further Sources of Error -- 2.7. Fixed Beam and Scanning Mode -- 3 Superconducting Devices in Electron Microscopy -- 3.1. Advantages of Superconducting Devices -- 3.2. Technical Problems -- 4 Lens Design and Testing -- 4.1. Lens Design and Field Distribution -- 4.2. Correction Systems for Superconducting Objective Lenses -- 4.3. Testing of Objective Lenses -- 5 Systems with Superconducting Lenses -- 5.1. Tested Systems -- 5.2. Projected Systems -- 6 Other Superconducting Elements for Electron Microscopy -- 6.1. Superconducting High-Voltage Beam Generator -- 6.2. Magnetic Dipoles -- 7 Proposed Superconducting 3-MV Microscope -- 7.1. Accelerator -- 7.2. Spectrometer -- 7.3. Microscope Column -- 7.4. Further Improvements of the System -- Appendixes -- A. Superconducting Electron Optical Systems for High-Energy Physics -- A.1. General Remarks -- A.2. Magnet Designs -- B. Application of Electron Microscopy to Basic Research on Superconductivity -- B.1. Imaging by the Decoration Method -- B.2. Imaging by Electron Shadow Microscopy -- B.3. Imaging by an Electron Mirror Microscope -- B.4. Imaging by Lorentz Microscopy -- B.5. Imaging by a Vortex Electron Microscope -- References.
    Abstract: * Electron optics involves the influence of electric and magnetic fields on electron beams. In those electron optical instruments utilizing magnetic fields, a replacement of the conventional, i.e .. nonsuperconducting, electron optical parts, is worth considering if the outstanding magnetic properties of superconductors can improve the systems. However, the use of superconductors demands complicated cryogenic techniques and this, of course, dampens enthusiasm. There are fields, however, where there are extreme requirements on the optical systems, namely, electron microscopy and high-energy physics. The great advantage of the combination of electron optics and superconductivity in these domains has been demonstrated in recent experiments. This monograph is mainly concerned with electron micros­ copy. Superconductivity in high-energy electron optics is treated only briefly, in Appendix A, since the author is little acquainted with the details of the projects. Furthermore, the number of experiments as yet carried out is small. In Appendix B, electron microscope studies of basic superconductor phenomena are reviewed. This material is included, even though it is only slightly connected with the main topic of the book, since a breakthrough in this field may be possible by the application of superconducting lenses.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-2199-6
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  • 56
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    Sensory Coding in the Mammalian Nervous System (1975)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468417074
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Neuroscience Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I: Introduction -- 1: Assumptions -- 2: Methods -- 3: Signalling in the Nervous System -- II: The First-Order Code -- 4: Variables of the Sensory Code -- 5: Direct Contact with the World -- 6: The Inner Senses -- 7: The External Chemical Senses -- 8: The Inner Ear -- 9: The Photoreceptors of the Retina -- III: Coding in the Center -- 10: Approaches to Brain Function -- 11: Sensory Synaptic Cascades -- 12: Central Coding in the Somatic Senses -- 13: The Central Code of Hearing -- 14: The Central Code of Sight -- 15: The Central Code of the Chemical Senses -- IV: Postscript -- V: Literature -- References -- Name Index.
    Abstract: Great advances have been made in the area of sensory physiology during the last few decades, and these developments seem to be asking for a comprehensive review that is manageable in size and cohesive in content. This volume has been written with that goal in mind. In the fIrst place I would like to thank Mr. R. van Frank of Appleton-Century-Crofts for asking me to do the job, and my wife for persuading me to do it, for writing it was an enjoyable task. Much of the discussion of factual data set to print here evolved in question-and-answer sessions in courses given to students in physiology, psychology, and medicine, and to physicians training in neurology, neurosur­ gery, and psychiatry. Besides my students, I had in mind while preparing this text my professional colleagues laboring on their lecture notes under circum­ stances perhaps not unlike my own. The material is divided in two parts. The first deals with the manner of representation of sensory information in peripheral nerves: the so-called first order code. The second half of the text deals with the handling of sense data by the central nervous system. One reason for dividing the material in this way is that many of the features of the first-order code are common to all sensory modalities. The intensity, the place, the rhythm, the "quality" of stimuli are encoded by rules which are applicable, albeit with appropriate modifIcations, to all senses. Furthermore, these rules of coding are today rather well understood.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-1707-4
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  • 57
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    Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences (1974)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468426045
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 286 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences 18
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Masters Theses Listed by Study Discipline -- 1. Aerospace Engineering -- 2. Agricultural Economics, Sciences, and Engineering -- 3. Architectural Engineering and Urban Planning -- 4. Astronomy -- 5. Astrophysics -- 6. Ceramic Engineering -- 7. Chemical Engineering -- 8. Chemistry and Biochemistry -- 9. Civil Engineering -- 10. Communications Engineering and Computer Science -- 11. Cryogenic Engineering -- 12. Electrical Engineering -- 13. Engineering Mechanics -- 14. Engineering Physics -- 15. Engineering Science -- 16. Fuels, Combustion, and Air Pollution -- 17. General and Environmental Engineering -- 18. Geochemistry and Soil Science -- 19. Geological Sciences and Geophysical Engineering -- 20. Geology -- 21. Geophysics -- 22. Industrial Engineering and Operations Research -- 23. Irrigation Engineering -- 24. Marine and Ocean Engineering -- 25. Materials Science and Engineering -- 26. Mechanical Engineering and Bioengineering -- 27. Metallurgy -- 28. Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences -- 29. Mineralogy and Petrology -- 30. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering -- 31. Missile and Space Systems Engineering -- 32. Nuclear Engineering -- 33. Nuclear Physics -- 34. Nuclear Science -- 35. Oceanography and Marine Science -- 36. Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering -- 37. Photogrammetric and Geodetic Engineering -- 38. Physics and Biophysics -- 39. Plastics Engineering -- 40. Wood Technology, Forestry, and Forest Science -- 41. Reactor Science -- 42. Sanitary Engineering and Water Pollution -- 43. Textile Technology -- 44. Transportation Engineering -- Theses without Specification of School or Department.
    Abstract: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and disseminated by TPRC at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dissemina­ tion phases of the activity was transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we have concluded that it will be in the interest of all concerned if the printing and distribution of the volume were handled by a well-known publishing house to assure improved service and better communication. Hence, effective with this Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences will be disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Corporation of New York. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. As we embark on this new partnership with Plenum, we also initiate a new venture in that this important annual reference work now covers Canadian universities as well as those in the United States. We are sure that this broader base will greatly enhance the value of these volumes.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-2604-5
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  • 58
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    Temporal Aspects of Therapeutics (1973)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468428476
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: ALZA Conference Series 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Section I — Temporal Organization in Biosystems -- The Biological Time Scale -- Temporal and Hierarchical Organization in Biosystems -- Time and Timelessness in Biological Clocks -- Section II — Temporal Aspects of Subcellular Synthesis -- Sequential Assembly of Virus Particles -- Temporal Aspects of Macromolecular Synthesis in Eukaryotic Cells -- Section III — Temporal Aspects of Organ System Function -- Hormonal Control of the Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation in the Rhesus Monkey -- Section IV — Temporal Patterns and Therapeutics -- Pharmacokinetic Aspects of Controlled Drug Delivery Systems -- Cell Proliferation Characteristics and Cancer Chemotherapy -- Chronopharmacology in the Treatment of Hypertension with Diuretics -- Testosterone Polydimethylsiloxane Implants and Contraception in Male Rabbits -- Progress towards an Implantable Glucose Sensor and an Artificial Beta Cell -- Epilogue.
    Abstract: Drugs are molecular agents of a physician's purpose. Discussions of their mechanisms of action center upon biochemical processes, even though the therapeutic intent may be to create an effect at a higher level of organization. We often prescribe to stop pain, increase vigor, assure sleep, curtail infection, alleviate inflammation, elevate mood, etc. To achieve rational therapy at high levels of organization it is not enough to know the molecular structures of drugs, and the points at which they couple into biochemical reaction chains. Such knowledge deals with static concepts, whereas the biosystems we treat extend in the dimensions of time as well as in those of space. Even when "resting", a biosystem manifests a dynamic stability, and sustains numerous processes whose successive states follow trajectories in time. A chemical message is not necessarily received by a biosystem as the same signal at one time as at another. Studies of cell cycle biochemistry, and of circadian variations in toxicity of some agents, have emphasized the importance of time as an aspect of therapeutics. In this volume, temporal aspects of living systems are considered. In the first section they are dealt with from the point of view of general design principles, in three papers by Morowitz, by Yates and Iberall, and by Winfree. In the second section, papers by Kaiser and by Thompson present accounts of sequential events in fundamental subcellular processes.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-2847-6
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  • 59
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    Superconducting Materials (1973)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781461586722
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The International Cryogenics Monograph Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I The Superconducting State of Materials and Methods of Estimating It -- The Phenomenon of Superconductivity -- Empirical Rules -- Methods of Measuring the Critical Superconducting Characteristics of Metals and Alloys -- Low-Temperature Technique -- Metallography of Superconducting Alloys -- Literature Cited -- II Superconducting Elements -- Properties of Superconducting Elements -- Effect of Deformation and Interstitial Impurities on the Superconducting Properties of the Elements -- Literature Cited -- III Superconducting Compounds -- Compounds with the Cr3Si Structure -- Interstitial Phases and Certain Other Compounds of Metals with Nonmetals -- Sigma and Laves Phases and Similar Compounds -- Superconducting Compounds with Other Types of Structures -- Effect of Alloying Elements and Impurities on the Structure and Properties of Compounds -- Effect of Heat Treatment and Other Factors on the Superconducting Characteristics of Compounds -- Literature Cited -- IV Physicochemical Analysis of Superconducting Systems -- Binary Superconducting Systems -- Ternary and More Complex Superconducting Systems -- Literature Cited -- V Production of Superconducting Materials -- Effect of Composition, Deformation, and Heat Treatment on the Critical Current of Superconducting Alloys -- Technology of the Production of Superconducting Alloys -- Properties and Production Technology of Parts Made from Superconducting Compounds -- Literature Cited -- VI Applications -- Superconducting Magnets -- Computing Technology -- Electronics and Measuring Technology -- Nuclear Power and Space -- Electrical Machines -- Conclusion -- Literature Cited.
    Abstract: With the increased interest in superconductivity applications through­ out the world and the necessity of obtaining a firmer understanding of the basic concepts of superconductivity, the editors of the In­ ternational Cryogenics Monograph series are extremely grateful for the opportunity to add Superconducting Materials to this series. This comprehensive review and summary of superconducting ma­ terials was originally prepared by the Russian authors in 1969 and has been specifically updated for this series. It is the most thorough review of the literature on this subject that has been made to date. Since advances in the development and use of new superconducting materials are largely associated with the general state and level in the development of the physical theory of superconductivity, the physical chemistry of metals, metallography, metal physics, tech­ nical physics, and manufacturing techniques, it is hoped that this monograph will provide the stimulus for further advances in all aspects of this exciting field. The editors express their appreciation to the authors, the translators, and Plenum Publishing Corporation for their assistance and continued interest in making this worthy addition to the series possible.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-8672-2
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  • 60
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    Advances in Corrosion Science and Technology (1973)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781461582588
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 421 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Advances in Corrosion Science and Technology 3
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Corrosion and Deposition of Steels and Nickel-Base Alloys in Liquid Sodium -- Chemistry of Solid-Liquid Metal Reactions -- Corrosion and Deposition Observations -- Corrosion Models -- Discussion of the Proposed Corrosion Equation -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 2 Stress-Corrosion Cracking of Titanium Alloys -- Physical Metallurgy of Titanium -- Electrochemistry of Titanium -- Presentation of Stress-Corrosion Cracking Data -- Fracture -- Discussion -- Practical Aspects of SCC of Titanium Alloys -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 3 Intergranular Corrosion of Iron-Nickel-Chromium Alloys -- The Iron-Nickel-Chromium System -- Phenomenology and Models -- Experimental Techniques and Method -- Summary -- References -- Note Added in Proof.
    Abstract: This series was organized to provide a forum for review papers in the area of corrosion. The aim of these reviews is to bring certain areas of corrosion science and technology into a sharp focus. The volumes of this series are published approximately on a yearly basis and each contains three to five reviews. The articles in each volume are sekcted in such a way as to be of interest both to the corrosion scientists and the corrosion technologists. There is, in fact, a particular aim in juxtaposing these interests because of the importance of mutual interaction and interdisciplinarity so important in corrosion studies. It is hoped that the corrosion scientists in this way may stay abreast of the activities in corrosion technology and vice versa. In this series the term "corrosion" is used in its very broadest sense. It includes, therefore, not only the degradation of metals in aqueous en­ vironment but also what is commonly referred to as "high-temperature oxidation. " Further, the plan is to be even more general than these topics; the series will include all solids and all environments. Today, engineering solids include not only metals but glasses, ionic solids, polymeric solids, and composites of these. Environments of interest must be extended to liquid metals, a wide variety of gases, nonaqueous electrolytes, and other non­ aqueous liquids.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-8258-8
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  • 61
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    Sensory Coding in the mammalian nervous system (1972)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468481907
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXI, 386 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Neuroscience Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I: Introduction -- 1: Assumptions -- 2: Methods -- 3: Signalling in the Nervous System -- II: The First-Order Code -- 4: Variables of the Sensory Code -- 5: Direct Contact with the World -- 6: The Inner Senses -- 7: The External Chemical Senses -- 8: The Inner Ear -- 9: The Photoreceptors of the Retina -- III: Coding in the Center -- 10: Approaches to Brain Function -- 11: Sensory Synaptic Cascades -- 12: Central Coding in the Somatic Senses -- 13: The Central Code of Hearing -- 14: The Central Code of Sight -- 15: The Central Code of the Chemical Senses -- IV: Postscript -- V: Literature -- References -- Name Index.
    Abstract: Great advances have been made in the area of sensory physiology during the last few decades, and these developments seem to be asking for a comprehensive review that is manageable in size and cohesive in content. This volume has been written with that goal in mind. In the first place I would like to thank Mr. R. van Frank of Appleton-Century-Crofts for asking me to do the job, and my wife for persuading me to do it, for writing it was an enjoyable task. Much of the discussion of factual data set to print here evolved in question-and-answer sessions in courses given to students in physiology, psychology, and medicine, and to physicians training in neurology, neurosur­ gery, and psychiatry. Besides my students, I had in mind while preparing this text my professional colleagues laboring on their lecture notes under circum­ stances perhaps not unlike my own. The material is divided in two parts. The first deals with the manner of representation of sensory information in peripheral nerves: the so-called first order code. The second half of the text deals with the handling of sense data by the central nervous system. One reason for dividing the material in this way is that many of the features of the first-order code are common to all sensory modalities. The intensity, the place, the rhythm, the "quality" of stimuli are encoded by rules which are applicable, albeit with appropriate modifications, to all senses. Furthermore, these rules of coding are today rather well understood.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-8190-7
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  • 62
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    Advances in Corrosion Science and Technology (1972)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781461582557
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Advances in Corrosion Science and Technology 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Biological Corrosion -- 2 Ellipsometry in Corrosion Technology -- 3 Stress-Corrosion Cracking of High-Strength Aluminum Alloys.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-8255-7
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  • 63
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    The Hall Effect in Metals and Alloys (1972)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781475704655
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The International Cryogenics Monograph Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 The Dynamics of Electrons in Metals: Low-Temperature Effects.. -- 1.1. Theoretical Conditions -- 1.2. Definition of the Hall Effect -- 1.3. Semiclassical Electronic Motion with Electric and Magnetic Fields -- 1.4. Quantum Effects -- 1.5. Size Effects -- 2 The Hall Effect in Limiting Cases -- 2.1. The Hall Effect in the Classical High-Field Limit -- 2.2. The Hall Effect in the Low-Field Limit -- 2.3. The Hall Effect in the Two-Band Model -- 3 The Hall Effect in Nearly-Free-Electron Metals -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. The Harrison Construction -- 3.3. The Examples of Al and In -- 4 The Hall Effect in Group 1B Metals -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. The Hall Effect in the Pure Group 1B Metals -- 4.3. The Hall Effect in Very Dilute Alloys -- 4.4. The Hall Effect in Alloys with B-Metal Solutes -- 5 The Hall Effect in Magnetic Metals -- 5.1. Phenomenological Aspects -- 5.2. Some Conduction-Electron Spin Interactions -- 5.3. Survey of the Theoretical Developments -- 6Experimental Techniques and the Hall Effect in Unusual Conditions -- 6.1. Introduction -- 6.2. Sources of Error -- 6.3. Methods with Electrical Contact to the Sample -- 6.4. Methods without Contacts -- 6.5. Measurements under Unusual Conditions -- 7 A Guide to the Literature for Metallic Elements and Binary Metallic Alloys -- Appendix A Derivation of Expression (2.59) -- Appendix B Units and Conversion Factors -- Notes Added in Proof -- Author Index.
    Abstract: I hope this book will be useful to at least two groups of individuals: the nonspecialist reader with a general knowledge of solid-state science and seeking an introduction to the theory and practice of the Hall effect in metals, and the specialist seeking a contemporary review of the relevant literature. The literature has been surveyed thoroughly up to the middle of 1970, while the more accessible journals have been followed to late 1970. I have been selective in cases where there is a great volume of literature, particu­ larly in the case of old or obscure measurements of low accuracy, but in all cases I have tried to present the reader with sufficient information to judge whether a particular reference matches his interest and is therefore worth tracing. I compiled the book from reading the original publications, but inevitably there will be errors arising in transcription or inadvertent omissions. I hope the reader finding these will be charitable enough to write to me. lt is a pleasure to acknowledge the numerous useful discussions I have had at various times with associates and colleagues, particularly Drs. Mme M. T. Beal-Monod, J. E. A. Alderson, R. D. Barnard, T. Farrell, and P. Monod. Their influence appears at various points in the text-although, of course, they must not be held responsible for anything I have written.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-0465-5
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  • 64
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    The Biology of Alcoholism : Volume 1: Biochemistry (1971)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781461565253
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVIII, 630 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Absorption, Diffusion, Distribution, and Elimination of Ethanol: Effects on Biological Membranes -- The Metabolism of Alcohol in Normals and Alcoholics: Enzymes -- Effect of Ethanol on Intracellular Respiration and Cerebral Function -- Effect of Ethanol on Neurohumoral Amine Metabolism -- The Role of Acetaldehyde in the Actions of Ethanol -- The Effect of Alcohol on Carbohydrate Metabolism: Carbohydrate Metabolism in Alcoholics -- Protein, Nucleotide, and Porphyrin Metabolism -- Effects of Ethanol on Lipid, Uric Acid, Intermediary, and Drug Metabolism, Including the Pathogenesis of the Alcoholic Fatty Liver -- Biochemistry of Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease in Alcoholism -- Alcohol and Vitamin Metabolism -- The Effect of Alcohol on Fluid and Electrolyte Metabolism -- Mineral Metabolism in Alcoholism -- Alcohol-Endocrine Interrelationships -- Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Alcohol -- Biochemical Mechanisms of Alcohol Addiction -- Methods for the Determination of Ethanol and Acetaldehyde -- The Chemistry of Alcoholic Beverages.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-6525-3
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  • 65
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    Mechanical Properties of Materials at Low Temperatures (1971)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468418873
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The International Cryogenics Monograph Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Deformation Processes in Pure Metals -- 1.1. Glossary of Terms Relevant to the Tensile Test -- 1.2. Elastic Deformation -- 1.3. General Aspects of Plastic Deformation in Metals -- 1.4. The Effect of Temperature on the Yield and Flow of Pure Face-Centered-Cubic Metals -- 1.5. The Effect of Temperature on the Yield and Flow of Pure Body-Centered-Cubic Metals -- 1.6. The Effect of Temperature on the Yield and Flow of Pure Hexagonal-Close-Packed Metals -- 1.7. A Comparison of the Main Characteristics of Face-Centered-Cubic, Body-Centered-Cubic, and Hexagonal-Close-Packed Metals -- 1.8. Plastic Deformation at Constant Stress: Creep -- 1.9. Annealing: Recovery and Recrystallization -- References -- 2 Deformation Processes in Impure Metals and Alloys -- 2.1. Yield and Flow in Solution-Hardened Single-Phase Alloys -- 2.2. Yield and Flow in Precipitation-Hardened Alloys -- 2.3. Yield and Flow in Two-Phase Alloys -- 2.4. Yield Drops and Serrated Stress-Strain Curves -- Note Added in Proof -- References -- 3 Fracture -- 3.1. Basic Mechanisms of Ductile and Brittle Failure -- 3.2. Crack Propagation: Fracture Toughness -- 3.3. The Ductile-Brittle Transition in Ferrous Metals -- 3.4. Time-Dependent Failure -- References -- 4 The Properties of Nonmetals -- 4.1. Polymers -- 4.2. Ceramics and Glasses -- 4.3. Composites -- References -- 5 Testing Methods and Techniques -- 5.1. Basic Types of Cryostat and Cooling System -- 5.2. Modifications, Variations, and Special-Purpose Attachments -- 5.3. Extensometry -- References -- 6 Design and Materials Selection Criteria -- 6.1. Compatibility -- 6.2. Toughness -- 6.3. Practicability -- 6.4. Economic Considerations -- 6.5. Other Technical Considerations -- References -- Appendix I A Brief Summary of the American Aluminum Association Alloy and Temper Designation System -- Appendix II Conversion Table for the Units Most Commonly Used to Measure Stress or Pressure -- Appendix III Some Important Cryogenic Temperatures.
    Abstract: In writing this monograph, the aim has been to consider the mechanical properties of the wide range of materials now available in such a way as to start with the fundamental nature of these properties and to follow the discussion through to the point at which the reader is able to comprehend the significance or otherwise of the large amounts of data now available in design manuals and other compilations. In short, it is hoped that this volume will be used as a companion to these data compilations and as an aid to their interpretation. In attempting to cover such a wide field, a large degree of selection has been necessary, as complete volumes have been written on topics which here have had to be covered in a few pages or less. It is inevitable that not everyone will agree with the choice made, especially if it is his own subject which has been discussed rather briefly, and the author accepts full res­ ponsibility for the selection made. The book is written at a level which should be easily followed by a university graduate in science or engineer­ ing, although, if his background has not included a course in materials science, some groundwork may be lacking.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-1887-3
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  • 66
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    Hibernation and the Hypothalamus (1971)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468471762
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Neuroscience Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Functional and Phylogenetic Perspective -- 2. Hibernation and The Hypothalamus -- 3. The Medial Hypothalamus and Prehibernation Obesity: A Theory Based on Behavioral Tests -- 4. Control Systems for Annual Cycles -- 5. Thermoregulation During Hibernation: The Adjustable Thermostat -- 6. The Conditions for Torpor -- 7. Hypothalamic Plasticity -- 8. Implications and Speculations -- Main Sources for References on Hibernation -- References -- Additional References.
    Abstract: Mammalian hibernation is commonly thought of as something completely out of the ordinary, a "unique and unorthodox state." The present book takes the opposite view. It argues that the physiological achievements of hibernators do not deEend on special mechanisms but on special use of ordinary mechanisms. It is precisely this that makes the hibernators important. If the hibernators de­ pend on some unique physiological principle their study is that of a biological curio. But if they are using basic mammalian systems in a quantitatively extreme way, then they are a naturally occurring preparation of enormous potential. Hibernation involves every aspect of the animal's biology from fat metabo­ lism to behavior, from thermoregulation to dental caries; every system in the body is affected in some way or other by hibernation. A comprehensive account of hibernation would be almost coextensive with an account of the whole of mammalian biology. The present book does not attempt to describe everything that has been discovered about hibernation. Excellent coverage for that already exists in the proceedings of three recent symposia and in the other major source materials listed on page 233. There is in fact an enormous amount of information already available. But there is a difference between information and understanding. Despite the increasing volume of research and growing interest in mammalian hibernation, there is little appreciation of the essential characteristics of the phenomena. The pieces of the puzzle lie scattered.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-7176-2
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  • 67
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    Electromagnetic Fields and Life (1970)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781475706352
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 336 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: One Physical Principles and Experimental Methods of Investigation of the Biological Action of Electromagnetic Fields -- 1. Physical Characteristics of Electromagnetic Fields -- Chapter2. Natural and Artificial Sources of Electromagnetic Fields in the Habitats of Organisms -- 3. Electric Properties of the Tissues of Living Organisms -- 4. Physical Principles of the Interaction of Electromagnetic Fields with Biological Objects -- 5. Dosimetry of Electromagnetic Fields for the Assessment of Their Effects on Man and Animals -- Two Experimental Investigations of the Biological Action of Electromagnetic Fields -- 6. Irreversible and Permanent Effects of Electromagnetic Fields in Entire Organisms -- 7. Effect of Electromagnetic Fields on Neurohumoral Regulation in Entire Organism -- 8. Effect of Electromagnetic Fields on Reproduction and Development of Organisms -- 9. Effects of Electromagnetic Fields at the Cellular and Molecular Levels -- 10. Mechanisms of the Experimentally Observed Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields -- Three Role of Electromagnetic Fields in the Regulation of the Vital Activity of Organisms -- 11. Environmental Electromagnetic Fields and the Vital Activity of Organisms -- 12. Electromagnetic Fields within the Organism and Their Role in the Regulation of Vital Processes -- 13. Role of Electromagnetic Fields in Informational Interconnections between Organisms -- 14. Practical Applications -- Conclusion -- References.
    Abstract: A broad region of the electromagnetic spectrum long assumed to have no influence on living systems under natural conditions has been critically re-examinjld over the past decade. This spectral region extends from the superhigh radio frequencies, through de­ creasing frequencies, to and including essentially static electric and magnetic fields. The author of this monograph, A. S. Presman, has reviewed not only the extensive Russian literatur!;"l, but also al­ most equally comprehensively the non-Russian literature, dealing with biological influences of these fields. Treated also is literature shedding some light on possible theoretical foundations for these phenomena. A substantial, rapidly increaSing number of studies in many laboratories and countries has now clearly established bio­ logical influences which are independent of the theoretically pre­ dictable, simple thermal effects. Indeed many of the effects are produced by field strengths very close to those within the natural environment. The author has, even more importantly, set forth a novel, imaginative general hypothesis in which it is postulated that such electromagnetic fields normally serve as conveyors of information from the environment to the organism, within the organism, and among organisms. He postulates that in the course of evolution or­ ganisms have come to employ these fields in conjunction with the well-known sensory, nervous, and endocrine systems in effecting coordination and integration.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-0635-2
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  • 68
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    Corrosion by Liquid Metals : Proceedings of the Sessions on Corrosion by Liquid Metals of the 1969 Fall Meeting of the Metallurgical Society of AIME, October 13-16, 1969, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (1970)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468418453
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 615 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. The Evaluation of Particulates Deposited in Flowing Non-isothermal Sodium Systems -- 2. Interaction Effects Between Dissimilar Metals in High Velocity Sodium at Temperatures up to 760°C. I. Mass transfer of Vanadium onto Type 321 Stainless Steel -- 3. Corrosion of Type 316 Stainless Steel with Surface Heat Flux in 1200°F Flowing Sodium -- 4. Sodium Corrosion of Westinghouse Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor (LMFBR) Materials -- 5. The Corrosion of Stainless Steel in Oxygen-Contaminated Sodium at 1200 F and 1400 F -- 6. Evaluation of Materials-Compatibility Problems in the EBR-II Reactor -- 7. Radioactive Material Transport in Flowing Sodium Systems -- 1. The Effects of Exposure to Flowing Sodium on Vanadium Alloys in Stainless Steel Containment Systems -- 2. Application of Thermodynamic and Kinetic Parameters of the V-O-Na System to the Sodium Corrosion of Vanadium-Base Alloys -- 3. Corrosion of Oxygen Contaminated Tantalum in NaK -- 4. Penetration of Refractory Metals by Alkali Metals -- 5. Some Alkali Metal Corrosion Effects in a Rankine Cycle Test Loop -- 6. The Effects of Welding Atmosphere Purity on the Lithium Corrosion Resistance of Refractory Alloys -- 7. The Corrosion of Metals by Molten Lithium -- 1. Corrosion of Some Cobalt and Iron Base Alloys in Mercury -- 2. A 5000-Hour Test of a Eutectic Lead-Bismuth Circuit Constructed in Steel and Niobium -- 3. Diffusion Coatings Formed in Molten Calcium Systems. II. Variables in the System Ca-Cr-Fe -- 4. Corrosion Studies of Liquid Metal Heat Pipe Systems at 1000° to 1800°C -- 5. The Corrosive Action of Selenium Towards Various Materials in the Temperature Range 300 to 700°C -- 6. The Isothermal Corrosion (?+?) Ni-Sn Alloys in Pure Liquid Sn Component -- 7. An Anodic Treatment to Improve the Liquid Zinc Corrosion Resistance of Tantalum -- 1. Adsorption-Induced Embrittlement by Liquid Metals -- 2. Liquid Metal Embrittlement of Steel by Lead and Lead Alloys -- 3. Solid State Inhibition of the Liquid-Metal Embrittlement of Silver -- 4. Crack Initiation in the Zinc-Mercury Embrittlement Couple -- 5. The Grain Boundary Grooving of Iron in Liquid Sodium -- 6. The Solubilities of Several Transition Metals in Liquid Lead-Bismuth Eutectic -- 1. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions for Chromium and 304 Stainless Steel in Liquid Sodium -- 2. Solubility and Reactions of Oxygen in Sodium -- 3. Thermochemistry and Solution Chemistry in the Sodium-Oxygen-Hydrogen System -- 4. Measurements of the Solubility of Iron and Chromium in Sodium -- 5. The Segregation of Impurities and Particles in Sodium Systems -- 6. The Corrosion of and Mass Transfer of Pure Iron, Nickel, Chromium, and Cobalt in 660–760°C Sodium -- 7. Solubilities of Molybdenum, Tungsten, Vanadium, Titanium, and Zirconium in Liquid Potassium.
    Abstract: The Corrosion Resistant Metals Committee and the Nuclear Metallurgy Committee of the Institute of Metals Division of The Metallurgical Society of AlME sponsored a 2-1/2 day symposium on "Corrosion by Liquid Metals". The symposium was held in Philadelphia, October 13-15, 1969, during the 1969 Fall Meeting of the Metallurgical Society and the Materials Engineering Con­ gress of the American Society for Metals. Cosponsors included the American Society for Metals and the American Nuclear Society. The purpose of the symposium was to bring together the several aspects of the subject of corrosion by liquid metals, so that perspective could be provided on the entire subject, to help in­ dividuals dealing with liquid metal corrosion problems acquire a sound basis of understanding, and to provide an opportunity for discussion between those doing research in this field. An exposition of the subject is timely, in view of the in­ creasing development of liquid metal heat and power sources for special purposes, including heat-pipe systems, NASA's SNAP power systems, and the AEC's liquid metal fast breeder reactor system. This book contains the proceedings of the symposium divided into four separate topics: I. Corrosion of Steels by Sodium, II. Alkali-Refractory Metal Interactions, III. Corrosion by Non-Alkali Metals, and IV. Analysis of Solid-Liquid Metal Inter­ actions (two sessions).
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-1845-3
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  • 69
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    Cryogenic Laboratory Equipment (1970)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781475748932
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 182 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The International Cryogenics Monograph Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Liquid Refrigerants -- 2. Storage and Handling of Liquid Refrigerants -- 3. Liquefiers and Refrigerators -- 4. Room-Temperature Machinery -- 5. Helium Gas Recovery Systems -- 6. Instrumentation -- 7. Materials and Jointing Methods -- 8. Cryostat Dewars -- 9. Hazards.
    Abstract: This book is meant for laboratory workers who for one reason or another have a need to cool something down to temperatures below that of liquid nitrogen - notably to 4. 2°K and below. It does not deal with experimental techniques at low temperatures, but I have tried to bring the reader face to face with the brutishrealities of the necessary hardware. As weIl as giving information about sources of supply of equipment, I have gone into so me detail about how some of it can be made in laboratory workshops for the sake of those who are short of money but blessed with competent technical support. So far as highly specialized items such as liquefiers, refrigerators, refrigerant containers, cryostat dewars, etc. , are concerned, I have included aIl sources of supply which I have got to he ar of; in the case of more generaIly available equipment only representative sources of known reliability have been quoted. Any omissions or errors must be put down either to my own ignorance, stupidity, or lack of will toget about the world, or perhaps to the difficulty I have had in extracting information from manufacturers. However, most have gone to great trouble to help, and I hope I have done them justice. Brought up to work indifferently in inches and centimetres and perched between the opposing puIls of the USA and Europe, I have used a mixture of units which may shock the purist.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-4893-2
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  • 70
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    Journal Bearings in Turbomachinery (1969)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781475756234
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 176 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I — Theory and Practice -- 1 Bearing Development and Bearing Theory -- 2 Current Practice in Journal Bearings -- II — Performance in Steady Running -- 3 Functioning of Journal Bearings -- 4 Conventional Hydrodynamic Theory of Laminar Flow -- 5 Similarity Rules, Flow Regimes, and Characteristic Relations -- 6 Observed Bearing Performance -- 7 Approximate Assessment of Performance -- III — Dynamic Characteristics -- 8 Journal Bearings in Vibration -- 9 Conventional Theory of Linearized Dynamic Characteristics with Laminar Flow -- 10 Effects of Inertia of Oil on Dynamic Characteristics -- 11 Experimental Investigation of Dynamic Characteristics -- 12 Influence of Bearings in Turbomachinery Vibration -- IV — Operational Experience and Prospective Development -- 13 Operation of Journal Bearings in Turbomachinery -- 14 Prospects in Development of Journal Bearings -- Appendices -- i Analytical Solution for Very Narrow Bearing -- ii Analytical Solution for Infinitely Wide Bearing -- iii Transformation of Axes -- iv Limiting Value of Characteristics at High Eccentricity Ratio -- v Definitions and Units of Viscosity -- vi Properties of Turbine Lubricating Oils -- vii The Apparent Out-of-balance Coefficients -- References.
    Abstract: This book deals with the functioning of hydrodynamic journal bearings in turbomachinery. It makes particular reference to large turbine­ generator and marine propulsion plant. Journal-bearing design in this field has been based mainly on experience supplemented by full-scale experimental test. Development is becoming influenced to an increasing extent by research and analysis. Particular attention is given in this book to correlation of research and analytical work with the observed operating characteristics of journal bearings. The physical phenomena in bearings are complicated, and analysis is rendered convenient only by making simplifying assumptions. The engineer must know which assumptions are serviceable and in what operating conditions they may be applied. Current British and European practice in journal bearings is illus­ trated. An examination is made of steady running characteristics, as predicted by theory and as established by test. Some account is given of the dynamic characteristics of journal bearings and of their in­ fluence in machine vibration. Service experience of journal bearings is reviewed, and reference is made to possible future trends in develop­ ment. The book is the outcome of work on turbine plant with Metropolitan­ Vickers and its successor Associated Electrical Industries. The A.E.!. and English Electric activities in this field have recently been incor­ porated in English Electric-A.E.!. Turbine-Generators Ltd. The author expresses his gratitude to the Company for permission to publish the results. He thanks the English Electric Co. Ltd., C. A.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-5623-4
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  • 71
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    Computer Graphics : Techniques and Applications (1969)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781475713206
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 247 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Computer graphics. ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Systems, Equipment, Techniques, and Trends -- What Has Computer Graphics to Offer? -- Computer Graphics Hardware Techniques -- Computer Graphics Software Techniques -- Interactive Software Techniques -- Computer Display System Tradeoffs -- Computer Graphics in the United States -- The U.K. Scene -- Low Cost Graphics -- Remote Display Terminals -- Applications, Installations -- Graphical Computer Aided Programming Systems -- Alphanumeric Terminals for Management Information -- Computer Graphics Used for Architectural Design and Costing -- Graphical Output in a Research Establishment -- Appendix to Graphical Output in a Research Establishment -- High Energy Physics Applications -- Mechanical Design Using Graphics -- Electronic Design Using Graphics -- Man-Machine Co-operation on a Learning Task -- Some Hardware, Software and Applications Problems -- For the Computer Technologist -- Present-day Computer Graphics Research -- For Reference -- Some Commercially Available Computer Graphics Systems.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-1320-6
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  • 72
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    Chemical Engineering in Medicine and Biology : Proceedings of the Thirty-Third Annual Chemical Engineering Symposium of the Division of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry of the American Chemical Society, Held at the University of Cincinnati, on October 20-21, 1966 (1967)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781475747485
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 658 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-4748-5
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  • 73
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    Specific Heats at Low Temperatures (1966)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468490817
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The International Cryogenics Monograph Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Elementary Concepts of Specific Heats -- 1.1. Definitions -- 1.2. Thermodynamics of Simple Systems -- 1.3. Difference Between Cp and Cv -- 1.4. Variation of Specific Heats with Temperature and Pressure -- 1.5. Statistical Calculation of Specific Heats -- 1.6. Different Modes of Thermal Energy -- 1.7. Calorimetry -- 2 Lattice Heat Capacity -- 2.1. Dulong and Petit’s Law -- 2.2. Equipartition Law -- 2.3. Quantum Theory of Specific Heats -- 2.4. Einstein’s Model -- 2.5. Debye’s Model -- 2.6. Comparison of Debye’s Theory with Experiments -- 2.7. Shortcomings of the Debye Model -- 2.8. The Born-Von Kármán Model -- 2.9. Calculation of g(v) -- 2.10. Comparison of Lattice Theory with Experiments -- 2.11. Debye ? in Other Properties of Solids -- 3 Electronic Specific Heat -- 3.1. Specific Heat of Metals -- 3.2. Quantum Statistics of an Electron Gas -- 3.3. Specific Heat of Electrons in Metals -- 3.4. Electronic Specific Heat at Low Temperatures -- 3.5. Specific Heat and Band Structure of Metals -- 3.6. Specific Heat of Alloys -- 3.7. Specific Heat of Semiconductors -- 3.8. Phenomenon of Superconductivity -- 3.9. Specific Heat of Superconductors -- 3.10. Recent Studies -- 4 Magnetic Contribution to Specific Heats -- 4.1. Thermodynamics of Magnetic Materials -- 4.2. Types of Magnetic Behavior -- 4.3. Spin Waves—Magnons -- 4.4. Spin Wave Specific Heats -- 4.5. The Weiss Model for Magnetic Ordering -- 4.6. The Heisenberg and Ising Models -- 4.7. Specific Heats Near the Transition Temperature -- 4.8. Paramagnetic Relaxation -- 4.9. Schottky Effect -- 4.10. Specific Heat of Paramagnetic Salts -- 4.11. Nuclear Schottky Effects -- 5 Heat Capacity of Liquids -- 5.1. Nature of the Liquid State -- 5.2. Specific Heat of Ordinary Liquids and Liquid Mixtures -- 5.3. Liquid 4He at Low Temperatures -- 5.4. Phonon and Roton Specific Heats -- 5.5. Transition in Liquid 4He -- 5.6. Specific Heat of Liquid 3He -- 5.7. Liquid 3He as a Fermi Liquid -- 5.8. Mixtures of 4He and 3He -- 5.9. Supercooled Liquids—Glasses -- 6 Specific Heats of Gases -- 6.1. Cp and Cv of a Gas -- 6.2. Classical Theory of Cv of Gases -- 6.3. Quantum Theory of Cv of Gases -- 6.4. Rotational Partition Function -- 6.5. Homonuclear Molecules—Isotopes of Hydrogen -- 6.6. Vibrational and Electronic Specific Heats -- 6.7. Calorimetric and Statistical Entropies—Disorder in Solid State -- 6.8. Hindered Rotation -- 6.9. Entropy of Hydrogen -- 7 Specific-Heat Anomalies -- 7.1. Spurious and Genuine Anomalies -- 7.2. Cooperative and Noncooperative Anomalies -- 7.3. Order-Disorder Transitions -- 7.4. Onset of Molecular Rotation -- 7.5. Ferroelectricity -- 7.6. Transitions in Rare-Earth Metals -- 7.7. Liquid-Gas Critical Points -- 7.8. Models of Cooperative Transitions -- 8 Miscellaneous Problems in Specific Heats -- 8.1. Specific Heat Near Phase Transitions -- 8.2. Specific Heat at Saturated Vapor Pressure -- 8.3. Relaxation of Rotational and Vibrational Specific Heats -- 8.4. Defects in Solids -- 8.5. Surface Effects -- 8.6. Compilations of Specific-Heat Data -- 8.7. Tabulations of Specific-Heat Functions -- Appendix (Six-Figure Tables of Einstein and Debye Internal-Energy and Specific-Heat Functions) -- Author Index.
    Abstract: This work was begun quite some time ago at the University of Oxford during the tenure of an Overseas Scholarship of the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851 and was completed at Banga­ lore when the author was being supported by a maintenance allowance from the CSIR Pool for unemployed scientists. It is hoped that significant developments taking place as late as the beginning of 1965 have been incorporated. The initial impetus and inspiration for the work came from Dr. K. Mendelssohn. To him and to Drs. R. W. Hill and N. E. Phillips, who went through the whole of the text, the author is obliged in more ways than one. For permission to use figures and other materials, grateful thanks are tendered to the concerned workers and institutions. The author is not so sanguine as to imagine that all technical and literary flaws have been weeded out. If others come across them, they may be charitably brought to the author's notice as proof that physics has become too vast to be comprehended by a single onlooker. E. S. RAJA GoPAL Department of Physics Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 12, India November 1965 v Contents Introduction ................................................................. .
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-9081-7
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  • 74
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    Complex Numbers (1960)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468477306
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Mathematics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Algebraic Theory of Complex Numbers -- 1. Number Systems -- 2. The Algebraic Theory -- 2. Geometrical Representations -- 3. Roots of Unity -- 4. Elementary Functions of a Complex Variable -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Sequences -- 3. Series -- 4. Power Series -- 5. TheFunctions ez, cos z, sin z -- 6. The Logarithm -- Answers to Exercises.
    Abstract: THE purpose of this book is to present a straightforward introduction to complex numbers and their properties. Complex numbers, like other kinds of numbers, are essen­ tially objects with which to perform calculations according to certain rules, and when this principle is borne in mind, the nature of complex numbers is no more mysterious than that of the more familiar types of numbers. This formal approach has recently been recommended in a Reportt prepared for the Mathematical Association. We believe that it has distinct advantages in teaching and that it is more in line with modern algebraical ideas than the alternative geometrical or kinematical definitions of ..; - 1 that used to be proposed. On the other hand, an elementary textbook is clearly not the place to enter into a full discussion of such questions as logical consistency, which would have to be included in a rigorous axiomatic treatment. However, the steps that had to be omitted (with due warning) can easily be filled in by the methods of abstract algebra, which do not conflict with the 'naive' attitude adopted here. I should like to thank my friend and colleague Dr. J. A. Green for a number of valuable suggestions, especially in connection with the chapter on convergence, which is a sequel to his volume Sequences and Series in this Library.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-7730-6
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  • 75
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    Linear Equations (1958)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468414936
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 77 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Mathematics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Science.
    Abstract: 1. Vectors -- 1. Notation -- 2. Definition of vectors -- 3. Addition of vectors -- 4. Multiplication by a scalar -- 5. Geometrical interpretation -- 6–7. Linear dependence of vectors -- 8. A basis for the set of n-vectors -- 9. The vector space spanned hy a finite set of vectors -- Exercises on chapter I -- 2. The Solution of a System of Equations: the Regular Case -- 1–2. Regular systems. Notations and statement of results -- 3–4. Elementary operations on systems -- 5–7. Proof of the Main Theorem -- 8–9. Illustrations to the Main Theorem -- 10. The linear dependence of n + 1 vectors in n dimensions -- 11. The construction of a basis -- Exercises on chapter II -- 3. Matrices -- 1–2. Definition of a matrix -- 3. The effect of matrices on vectors -- 4. Equality of matrices -- 5. Addition of matrices and multiplication hy a scalar -- 6. Multiplication of square matrices -- 7. The zero-matrix and the unit-matrix -- 8. Multiplication of matrices of any shape -- 9. The transpose of a matrix -- Exercises on chapter III -- The Solution of a System of Equations: the General Case -- 1–2. The general system and the associated homogeneous system -- 3. The inverse of a regular matrix -- 4. Computation of the inverse matrix -- 5. Application to the solution of regular systems -- 6. The rank of a matrix -- 7. The solution of homogeneous systems -- 8. Illustrations -- 9. The solution of general systems -- 10. Illustrations -- 11. Geometrical interpretation -- Exercises on chapter IV -- 5. Determinants -- 1. Motivation -- 2. The 2-dimensional case -- 3. The 3-dimensional case -- 4. The rule of signs in the 3-dimensional case -- 5. Permutations -- 6. The Kronecker ?-symbol -- 7. determinant of an n × n matrix -- 8. Co factor s and expansions -- 9. Properties of determinants -- 10. An expression for the cofactors -- 11. Evaluation of determinants -- 12. A formula for the inverse matrix -- 13. Cramer’s Rule -- 14. The Multiplication Theorem -- 15. A determinantal criterion for the linear dependence of vectors -- 16. A determinantal expression for the rank of a matrix -- Exercises on chapter V -- Answers to the exercises.
    Abstract: LINEAR equations play an important part, not only in mathe­ matics itself, but also in many fields in which mathematics is used. Whether we deal with elastic deformations or electrical networks, the flutter of aeroplane wings or the estimation of errors by the method of least squares, at some stage in the cal­ culation we encounter a system of linear equations. In each case the problem of solving the equations is the same, and it is with the mathematical treatment of this question that this book is concerned. By meeting the problem in its pure state the reader will gain an insight which it is hoped will help him when he comes to apply it to his field of work. The actual pro­ cess of setting up the equations and of interpreting the solution is one which more properly belongs to that field, and in any case is a problem of a different nature altogether. So we need not concern ourselves with it here and are able to concentrate on the mathematical aspect of the situation. The most important tools for handling linear equations are vectors and matrices, and their basic properties are developed in separate chapters. The method by which the nature of the solution is described is one which leads immediately to a solu­ tion in practical cases, and it is a method frequently adopted when solving problems by mechanical or electronic computers.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-1493-6
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  • 76
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    Modern Viola Technique (1939)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468478389
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 134 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Da Capo Press Music Reprint Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Music.
    Abstract: Introduction: The Left Hand. The Right Hand. The Stroke -- The Viola d’Amore: Yesterday and Today -- The First Study: A Presentation of Fundamental Diatonic Principles in Each Position. The Development of Tonal Concentration -- The Second Study: The Diatonic Principle with Varied Fingerings in Position Changes -- The Third Study: The Diatonic Principle Introduced on the Different Degrees of the Scale. Varied Fingerings -- The Fourth Study: The Development of Resiliency and Elasticity in General Finger Action with Emphasis on Fourth-Finger Manipulation -- The Fifth Study: Application of the Principles of the First Study in Broken-Third Sequences -- The Sixth Study: Finger Dexterity and Independence in Position Changes on Each String -- The Seventh Study: Broken Chords in Each Position Utilized Fundamentally for the Development of Intonation and Intervalic Concentration -- The Eighth Study: The Diminished Fifth and Augmented Fourth in Chromatically Treated Diminished Chord Formations. A Further Treatment of Intonation and Intervalic Cognizance -- The Ninth Study: Triads on Each String Especially Designed for Hand Expansion and Fourth-Finger Development -- The Tenth Study: The Principles of the Seventh Study in an Extended Compass -- The Eleventh Study: A Rhythmical Elaboration on Broken Chords in Extended Positions on the Seven Diatonic Degrees -- The Twelfth Study: The Final Development of the Seventh and Tenth Studies -- The Thirteenth Study: Broken Chords on Each String for the Development of Individual Finger Gliding and Dexterity in Hand Shifting -- The Fourteenth Study: The Development of Finger Resiliency and Elasticity in Position Changes -- Appendix: Viola and Viola d’Amore Literature for Concert and Study.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-7838-9
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