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  • Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer  (10)
  • Philosophy (General)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    ISBN: 9783662455333
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 317 p. 2 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: China Academic Library
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Tang, Yijie, 1927 - 2014 Confucianism, Buddhism, Daoism, Christianity and Chinese culture
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; China ; Religion ; Philosophie ; Kultur ; China ; Konfuzianismus ; Taoismus ; Buddhismus ; Christentum ; China ; Konfuzianismus ; Buddhismus ; Taoismus ; Christentum ; Religiöser Pluralismus ; Religiöse Identität ; Kulturelle Identität ; China ; Kulturphilosophie ; Religionsphilosophie
    Abstract: This book collects the 25 most important articles written by Professor Tang since the 1980s, dealing extensively with issues of Confucianism, Buddhism, Daoism, Christianity and Chinese culture. In these articles, Professor Tang proves his value as a worthy successor to the Chinese philosophical tradition, while also open to the latest trends of thought both at home and abroad. The late Professor Tang Yijie (1927-2014) was a prominent professor at Peking University and China’s top scholar on philosophy and Chinese studies. He spearheaded the Confucian Canon project (**), which seeks to compile all known classical works on Confucianism, comparable in scope and significance to the Complete Library of the Four Treasuries (****), the largest collection of books on Chinese history, which was commissioned by the Qianlong Emperor in the 18th century. Throughout his life, Professor Tang published scores of books and more than one hundred articles, offering enlightening insights into how to deal with issues that have historically troubled and continue to trouble people in modern society. Among his numerous innovations, Professor Tang is especially remembered for introducing the concept of “harmony in diversity”(****). In the context of “the clash of civilizations” championed by Samuel P. Huntington, Tang argued for harmony in diversity, holding that this principle can offer some clues to help enable peoples, nations, and regions with different cultural traditions to develop together while remaining unique. note: * represents Chinese character, please refer to BCC file.
    Description / Table of Contents: Confucianism & Constructive PostmodernismThe Contemporary Significance of Confucianism -- Towards a Chinese Hermeneutics -- Emotion in Pre-Qin Ruist Moral Theory: An Explanation of Dao Begins in Qing -- Some Reflections on New Confucianism in Chinese Mainland Culture of the 1990s -- The Problem of Harmonious Communities in Ancient China -- An Inquiry into the Possibility of a Third-Phase Development of Confucianism -- Immanence and Transcendence in Chinese Chan Buddhism -- The Introduction of Indian Buddhism into China: A Perspective on the Meaning of Studies in Comparative Philosophy and Comparative Religion -- Relationships Between Traditional and Imported Thought and Culture in China: The Importation of Buddhism -- On the Dao De Jing (Tao Te Ching) -- The Origin and Characteristics of Daoism (Taoism) -- The Daoist Religion of China -- The Attempt of Matteo Ricci to Link Chinese and Western Cultures -- The Possible Orientations of Chinese Culture in the Context of Globalization -- Prospects for the Study of History of Chinese Philosophy, and the Issue of the True, the Good and the Beautiful in China’s Traditional Philosophy -- Questions Concerning the Categorical System of Traditional Chinese Philosophy -- New Progress in the Study of the History of Chinese Philosophy -- A Reconsideration of the Question of “the True, the Good, and the Beautiful” in Traditional Chinese Philosophy -- Chinese Traditional Cultures and Corporate Management -- A Study of the Question of Chinas Cultural Development -- The Enlightenment and its Difficult Journey in China -- The Coexistence of Cultural Diversity: Sources of the Value of Harmony in Diversity -- On the Clash and Coexistence of Human Civilization -- Constructing Chinese Philosophy in Sino-European Cultural Exchange.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    ISBN: 9783662445754
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 226 p. 2 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: China Academic Library
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Pan, Guangdan, 1898 - 1967 Socio-biological implications of Confucianism
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; China ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Geburtenregelung ; Eugenik ; China ; Ethnische Identität ; Religiöse Identität ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Konfuzianismus ; Geschichte ; China ; Familie ; Sozialethik ; Bevölkerungspolitik ; Konfuzianismus ; Geschichte 1800-1950
    Abstract: This book is a collection of English articles by Pan Guangdan, one of China’s most distinguished sociologists and eugenicists and also a renowned expert in education. Pan is a prolific scholar, whose collected works number some fourteen volumes. Pan's daughters Pan Naigu, Pan Naimu and Pan Naihe-all scholars of anthropology and sociology-began editing their father's published works and surviving manuscripts around 1978. The collected articles, written between 1923 and 1945, are representative of Pan’s insights on sociobiology, ethnology and eugenics, covering topics such as Christianity, opium, domestic war and China-Japan relations. The title of the book is taken from the fascinating two-part article “Socio-biological Implications in Confucianism”, which essentially reworks Confucius as a kind of “forefather” of socio-biological and eugenic thinking, showing Pan's promotion of “traditional” values. These articles, mostly published in Chinese Students’ Monthly and The China Critic, offer an excellent point of entry into Pan's ideas on population and eugenics, his polemics on family and marriage, and his intellectual positioning and self-fashioning. This collection is of great reference value, allowing readers to gain an overall and in-depth understanding of the development of Pan's academic thought, and to explore the spiritual world of the scholars brought together by The China Critic who were dedicated to rebuilding the Chinese culture and bridging the West and the East
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    ISBN: 9783642548659
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 167 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Sun, Zhenbin Language, discourse, and praxis in ancient China
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Philosophy ; Ethik ; Sprachphilosophie ; Konfuzianismus
    Abstract: This book investigates Chinese comprehension and treatment of the relationship between language and reality. The work examines ancient Chinese philosophy through the pair of concepts known as ming-shi. By analyzing the pre-Qin thinkers’ discourse on ming and shi, the work explores how Chinese philosophers dealt with issues not only in language but also in ontology, epistemology, ethics, axiology, and logic. Through this discourse analysis, readers are invited to rethink the relationship of language to thought and behavior. The author criticizes and corrects vital misunderstandings of Chinese culture and highlights the anti-dualism and pragmatic character of Chinese thoughts. The rich meaning of the ming-shi pair is displayed by revealing its connection to other philosophical issues. The chapters show how discourse on language and reality shapes a central characteristic of Chinese culture, the practical zhi. They illuminate the interplay of Chinese theories of language and Dao as Chinese wisdom and worldview. Readers who are familiar with pragmatics and postmodernism will recognize the common points in ancient Chinese philosophy and contemporary Western philosophy, as they emerge through these chapters. The work will particularly appeal to scholars of philosophy, philosophy of language, communication studies and linguistics
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9783662471975
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 188 p. 8 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Logic in Asia: Studia Logica Library
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Modality, semantics and interpretations
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Artificial intelligence ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Artificial intelligence ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Logik
    Abstract: This contributed volume includes both theoretical research on philosophical logic and its applications in artificial intelligence, mostly employing the concepts and techniques of modal logic. It collects selected papers presented at the Second Asia Workshop on Philosophical Logic, held in Guangzhou, China in 2014, as well as a number of invited papers by specialists in related fields. The contributions represent pioneering philosophical logic research in Asia.
    Abstract: This contributed volume includes both theoretical research on philosophical logic and its applications in artificial intelligence, mostly employing the concepts and techniques of modal logic. It collects selected papers presented at the Second Asia Workshop on Philosophical Logic, held in Guangzhou, China in 2014, as well as a number of invited papers by specialists in related fields. The contributions represent pioneering philosophical logic research in Asia
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    ISBN: 9783642450884
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 172 p. 8 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics 13
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Cotton, Matthew Ethics and technology assessment: a participatory approach
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Technology Philosophy ; Industrial engineering ; Environmental law ; Environmental economics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Technology Philosophy ; Industrial engineering ; Environmental law ; Environmental economics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Technikphilosophie ; Ethik ; Technikphilosophie ; Ethik
    Abstract: Whether it is nuclear power, geo-engineering or genetically modified foods, the development of new technologies can be fraught with complex ethical challenges and political controversy which defy simple resolution. In the past two decades there has been a shift towards processes of Participatory Technology Assessment designed to build channels of two-way communication between technical specialists and non-expert citizens, and to incorporate multiple stakeholder perspectives in the governance of contentious technology programmes. This participatory turn has spurred a need for new tools and techniques to encourage group deliberation and capture public values, moral and choices. This book specifically examines the ethical dimensions of controversial technologies, and discusses how these can be evaluated in a philosophically robust manner when the ones doing the deliberating are not ethicists, legal or technical experts. Grounded in philosophical pragmatism and drawing upon empirical work in partnership with citizen-stakeholders, this book presents a model called “Reflective Ethical Mapping” - a new meta-ethical framework and toolbox of techniques to facilitate citizen engagement with technology ethics
    Description / Table of Contents: AcknowledgementsList of abbreviations -- Risk and public involvement in technology governance -- Ethics and technology -- Pragmatism, public deliberation and technology ethics -- Ethical tools -- Reflective Ethical Mapping -- Opening up ethical dialogue -- Judging and deciding -- Conclusions.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    ISBN: 9783642353475
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 284 p. 71 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Weinert, Friedel, 1950 - The march of time
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Science Philosophy ; Science (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Science Philosophy ; Science (General) ; Zeit ; Naturphilosophie ; Naturwissenschaften ; Zeit ; Naturphilosophie ; Naturwissenschaften
    Abstract: The aim of this interdisciplinary study is to reconstruct the evolution of our changing conceptions of time in the light of scientific discoveries. It will adopt a new perspective and organize the material around three central themes, which run through our history of time reckoning: cosmology and regularity; stasis and flux; symmetry and asymmetry. It is the physical criteria that humans choose - relativistic effects and time-symmetric equations or dynamic-kinematic effects and asymmetric conditions - that establish our views on the nature of time. This book will defend a dynamic rather than a static view of time
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Evolving Conceptions of Time in the Light of Scientific Discoveries -- Introduction -- 2 Time and Cosmology -- Greek Astronomy -- Plato and Aristotle -- The Need for Physical Time -- Kant’s Cosmology -- Time and Causality -- The Topology of Time -- The Metric of Time -- Some Advances in the Theory of Time in Classical Physics -- Time in Modern Physics -- The Measurement of Time in Quantum Mechanics -- Why Measurement? -- On Permissible Inferences from Scientific Theories -- 3 Flux and Stasis.-Parmenidean Stasis and Heraclitean Flux -- Idealism About Time -- Realism About Time -- Relationism About Time -- The Theory of Relativity and the Block Universe -- Minkowski Spacetime and the Block Universe -- An Alternative Representation of Minkowski Space-Time -- Space-Time and Invariance -- The General Theory of Relativity -- Substantivalism and Relationism About Space-Time --  4 Symmetry and Asymmetry -- Fundamental Equations and Human Experience -- Entropy and Order -- Reversibility and Irreversibility -- The Role of Boundary Conditions -- The Emergence of Time -- Time in Basic Quantum Mechanics -- Time Travel Scenarios -- 5 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9783642311819
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 306 p, digital)
    Series Statement: China Academic Library
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Hu, Shi, 1891 - 1962 English writings of Hu Shih ; 2: Chinese philosophy and intellectual history
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; History ; Philosophy
    Abstract: Hu Shih (1891-1962), Chinese philosopher, historian and diplomat. In the 1910s, Hu studied at Cornell University and later Columbia University, both in the United States. At Columbia, he was greatly influenced by his professor, John Dewey, and became a lifelong advocate of pragmatic evolutionary change. He received his Ph.D. in Philosophy in 1917 and returned to lecture at Peking University. Hu soon became one of the leading and most influential intellectuals during the May Fourth Movement and later the New Culture Movement. His most widely recognized achievement during this period was as a key contributor to Chinese liberalism and language reform in his advocacy for the use of written vernacular Chinese. Hu Shih was the Republic of China¡¯s Ambassador to the United States of America (1938¨C1942) and later Chancellor of Peking University (1946¨C1948). In 1939 Hu Shih was nominated for a Nobel Prize in literature and in 1958 became president of the ¡°Academia Sinica¡± in Taiwan, where he remained until his death in Nangang at the age of 71.This diverse collection brings together his English essays, speeches and academic papers, as well as book reviews, all written between 1919 and 1962. English Writings of Hu Shih represents his thinking and insights on such topics as scientific methodology, liberalism and democracy, and social problems. It can also serve as a helpful resource for those who study Hu Shih and his views on ancient and modern China
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    ISBN: 9783642311840
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 198 p, digital)
    Series Statement: China Academic Library
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Hu, Shi, 1891 - 1962 English writings of Hu Shih ; 1: Literature and society
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; History ; Philosophy
    Abstract: Hu Shih (1891-1962), Chinese philosopher, historian and diplomat. In the 1910s, Hu studied at Cornell University and later Columbia University, both in the United States. At Columbia, he was greatly influenced by his professor, John Dewey, and became a lifelong advocate of pragmatic evolutionary change. He received his Ph.D. in Philosophy in 1917 and returned to lecture at Peking University. Hu soon became one of the leading and most influential intellectuals during the May Fourth Movement and later the New Culture Movement. His most widely recognized achievement during this period was as a key contributor to Chinese liberalism and language reform in his advocacy for the use of written vernacular Chinese. Hu Shih was the Republic of China’s Ambassador to the United States of America (1938-1942) and later Chancellor of Peking University (1946-1948). In 1939 Hu Shih was nominated for a Nobel Prize in literature and in 1958 became president of the “Academia Sinica” in Taiwan, where he remained until his death in Nangang at the age of 71.This diverse collection brings together his English essays, speeches and academic papers, as well as book reviews, all written between 1919 and 1962. English Writings of Hu Shih represents his thinking and insights on such topics as scientific methodology, liberalism and democracy, and social problems. It can also serve as a helpful resource for those who study Hu Shih and his views on ancient and modern China
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    ISBN: 9783642382598
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 274 p, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Values of our times
    DDC: 121.8
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Aufsatzsammlung ; China ; Wertphilosophie ; Ethik ; Philosophische Anthropologie
    Abstract: Philosophers have gradually accepted axiology as one branch of philosophy. As a basic category belonging to axiology and philosophy, "value" is the general abstraction of concrete value formation in various fields including utility, ethics and appreciation of the beauty. The problem of value is essentially a problem of historical activities of practice in human society. The axiology based on the scientific practice view insists on the principle of unification between theory and practice, truth and value. In research of axiology, the relation between subjectivity and objectivity of values is a problem that must be solved in the first place. The modern conversation of value philosophy is the academic and practical demands of the value philosophy research in China. Value evaluation is an important part of the axiology. In order to deepen the research of value philosophy and to promote the development of current value philosophy, we must have scientific mode of thinking suitable for the nature of value. It is the base of value relation, the origin of value needs, the process of value creation and actualization and the fundamental way to proving ones value as a human being
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents; 1 Introduction: A New Approach to Contemporary Studies on Axiology; 1…Axiology and Traditional Chinese Philosophies; 2…Learn From and Build Upon the Western Thoughts on Values; 2.1 The Essence and Importance of the Issue of Values: The Finding and Limitations of Russell; 2.2 Inspiration Drawn from Western Value Studies and Utilized in China; 3…Change in Axiology Studies; 4…Conclusions; 4.1 In the World of Human Kind, Truth is Monistic While Value is Pluralistic; Part IThe Gist of Values and Contemporary Philosophy; 2 Value and Time; 1…Time Dimension of Value
    Description / Table of Contents: 2…Past, Present and Future3…Temporality of Value; 3 ''To Be'' of Value: A Direction of the Research into the Essence of Value; 1…The difficulty to define ''value''; 2…''Value'' unable to be materialized; 3…The new research with a focus on ''to be'' of value; 4 The Course of Human Subjectivity; 1From Material Noumenon to Human Subjectivity; 2The Meaning and Characteristics of Human Subjectivity; 3The Process of the Development of Human Subjectivity; 4The Subjectivity of the Individual and of Mankind; 5 Value is Human Being Itself and Human Self-realization
    Description / Table of Contents: 1One: The Value is the Human Being Itself2Second: Value is Human Self-Realization; 3Three: Three Dimensions and Highest Good; 6 A Philosophy That Addresses Chinese Issues; 7 The Formation of Value and Modern Axiological Questions: From the Perspective of Being and Nothingness; Abstract; Sec1; Sec2; Sec3; 8 Change from Abstract Value Philosophy to Realistic Value Philosophy; 1…Reflection on Abstract Value Philosophy Paradigm; 2…Realistic Value Philosophy New Idea; References; 9 Wanted: Dialogue at the Level of Value Beliefs Among Chinese, Western and Marxist Philosophies
    Description / Table of Contents: 1Dialogue at the Levels of "Knowledge," "Methodology" and "Value Beliefs"2The Shortage of Dialogue at the Level of Value Beliefs: a Serious Flaw in Communication Among Chinese, Western and Marxist Philosophies; 3Dialogue at the Level of Value Beliefs: The Question of Modernity that has to be Tackled in Developing Modern Chinese Philosophy; References; Part IITowards the Depth of Human Life; 10 Interactivity Between Virtue and Wisdom; 1…Mutual Accompany Between Morality and Wisdom; 2…Mutual Construction Between Virtue and Wisdom; 3…Mutual Promotion Between Virtue and Wisdom
    Description / Table of Contents: 11 On the Transformation of Value Orientation of Commodity Symbols: Some Philosophical Considerations on Spiritual Transformation of Consumptive Activities1…The Appearance of a Consumer Society and its Problems; 2…The Solution of the Problem: The Transformation of Consumptive Value Orientation is the Key; 3…The Meaning of Spiritual Consumption; References; 12 The Social Self-criticism on the Threshold of Evaluation: Thinking on the Thought of Marx's Social Self-criticism; 1…The Thought of Marx's Social Self-criticism; 2…The Criticism, Self-criticism and Social Self-criticism
    Description / Table of Contents: 3…The Authority Evaluation Activity of the State, The Public Evaluation Activity of the Society and the Ways of the Social Self-criticism
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    ISBN: 9783642299285
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 290 p. 11 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics 2
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Philosophy and cognitive science
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Artificial intelligence ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Artificial intelligence ; Konferenzschrift 2011 ; Kognition ; Modell ; Philosophie ; Philosophie ; Kognitionswissenschaft ; Wissenschaftstheorie ; Modellierung ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Kognitionswissenschaft ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Kognitionswissenschaft
    Abstract: The book addresses a number of recent topics at the crossroad of philosophy and cognitive science, taking advantage of both the western and the eastern perspectives and conceptions that emerged and were discussed at the PCS2011 Conference recently held in Guangzhou. The ever growing cultural exchange between academics and intellectual belonging to different cultures is reverberated by the juxtaposition of papers, which aim at investigating new facets of crucial problems in philosophy: the role of models in science and the fictional approach; chance seeking dynamics and how affordances work; abductive cognition; visualization in science; the cognitive structure of scientific theories; scientific representation; mathematical representation in science; model-based reasoning; analogical reasoning; moral cognition; cognitive niches and evolution.
    Description / Table of Contents: Title Page; Preface; Contents; Scientific Models Are Not Fictions; Introduction; Models Are Not Fictions. The Inconsistency of the Argument of Imperfect Fit; Models Are Distributed and Never Abstracts: Model-Based Science as Epistemic Warfare; Perception-Action Common Coding as an Example of "On-Line" Manipulative Abduction; Fictions or Epistemic Weapons?; Are the In-Vitro Model or a Geometrical Diagram Fictions? Dynamic vs. Static View of Scientific Models; Confounding Static and Dynamic Aspects of the Scientific Enterprise; Resemblance and Feyerabend's Counterinduction
    Description / Table of Contents: Galileo's Modeling VindicatedConclusion; References; An Examination of the Thesis of Models as Representations; Introduction; Models as Instantiations vs. Representations; The Problems for the Structural View of Models; Other Approaches; Mental Models and the Elements of Modeling; Conclusion; References; On Animal Cognition: Before andAfter the Beast-Machine Controversy; Introduction; Between Avicenna and Peirce-Magnani: Estimation and Abduction in Animal; Avicenna's Sheep and Wolf; Peirce's and Magnani's Poor Chicken; The Analogy between Abduction and Estimation
    Description / Table of Contents: The Beast-Machine ControversyCartesian Denial of Animal Soul; Aristotelians' Attack against the Animal Automatism; Empiricists' Double Strategy; Instinct or Intelligence: A False Dilemma; References; From Mindless Modeling to Scientific Models; Introduction; Models without Modelers?; Embodied Models of Agency Recognition: An Eco-Cognitive Necessity; Emerging Animal Models as Abductive Representations; Emerging Models: Useful Instruments or Fictions?; Camouflage as the Strategic Use of Models in Nature; The Naturalness of Scientific Models
    Description / Table of Contents: All Human Knowledge Is a (Sometimes) Virtuous Distortion (and a Model Too)Both Emerging Models and Scientific Models Prepare for Mathematical Abstraction; From Emerging Models to Scientific Models; Conclusion; References; The Greenhouse Metaphor and the Greenhouse Effect: A Case Study of a Flawed AnalogousModel; The Roles of Metaphors; The Greenhouse Metaphor; The Nature of Heat; The Role of the Ocean; The Illusion to Instant Responses; The Need for a Conceptual Change; References; A Study of Model and Representation Based on a Duhemian Thesis; The Thesis of Duhem; Methods Rather Than Minds
    Description / Table of Contents: Models and RepresentationModels and Structure; Models and Fiction; Conclusion; References; From the Received View to the Model-Theoretic Approach; To Give Up the Received View; The Model-Theoretic View of the Structure of Scientific Theories; F. Suppe's and C. Van Fraasen's State-Space Model; Suppes' Semantic Model by Using Set Theory; The Model-Theoretic Approach of the Sneedean School in Philosophy of Science; Conclusion; References; Cognitive Chance Discovery: From Abduction to Affordance; Introduction; Abduction; Incomplete Knowledge Reasoning -Abduction and Induction; Abductive Discovery
    Description / Table of Contents: Computational Abduction
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