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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (2,086)
  • Online Resource  (2,086)
  • Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (2,086)
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  • Online Resource  (2,086)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Transitioning to Clean Water and Sanitation (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783038977742 , 9783038977759
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (102 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Transitioning is a key co ...
    Note: English
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  • 2
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    Higher Education and Innovation : Design of an Innovative Teaching Module for an Intensive Programme on Aeolian Architecture (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783039437122 , 9783039437115
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (268 p.)
    Keywords: Humanities ; Education
    Abstract: This book highlights the design of an educational module for an innovative intensive program. The theme is very relevant in the contemporary approach to teaching activities. In fact, thanks to the didactic design, it is possible to obtain a strong relationship between teachers and learners, as required by the Bologna Process. It also allows a stronger definition of learning outcomes. After a general excursus on the subject, the manuscript refers to a recent experience carried out in the Aeolian Island for the Erasmus + Programme, called VVITA. In it, an international group of students and teachers spent a period in the Aeolian Islands, to focus on the features of local vernacular architecture. The attention has been addressed to the Aeolian House, which is a wonderful example of ante litteram sustainable architecture. On the island of Filicudi, one of the most beautiful of the archipelago, it has preserved its characteristics intact. The book is completed by teachers’ lectures and students’ final reports
    Note: English
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  • 3
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    Transitioning to Gender Equality (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783038978664 , 9783038978671
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (254 p.)
    Keywords: Humanities ; Social interaction ; Feminism & feminist theory
    Abstract: Gender Equality, the fifth UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG 5), aims for the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women and girls. It thereby addresses all forms of violence, unpaid and unacknowledged care and domestic work, as well as the need for equal opportunities for leadership at all levels of decision-making in political, economic and public life. Thus, the areas in which changes with regard to gender equality on a global scale are needed are very broad. In this volume, we focus on three main areas of inquiry, ‘Sexuality’, ‘Politics of Difference’ and ‘Care, Work and Family’, and raise the following transversal questions: How can gender be addressed in an intersectional perspective, linking gender to further categories of difference, which are involved in discrimination? In which ways are binary notions of gender taking part in inequality regimes and by which means can these binaries be questioned? How can we measure, control and portray progress with regard to gender equality and how do we, in doing so, define gender? Which multi-, inter- or transdisciplinary perspectives are needed for understanding the diversity of gender, in order to support a transition to 'gender equality'? Transitioning to Gender Equality is part of MDPI's new Open Access book series Transitioning to Sustainability. With this series, MDPI pursues environmentally and socially relevant research which contributes to efforts toward a sustainable world. Transitioning to Sustainability aims to add to the conversation about regional and global sustainable development according to the 17 SDGs. Set to be published in 2020/2021, the book series is intended to reach beyond disciplinary, even academic boundaries. MDPI supports the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. For use of the SDG logos and design, please see the according Guidelines for the use of the SDG logo, color wheel, and 17 icons
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  • 4
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    Biodiversity of Marine Microbes (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036510521 , 9783036510538
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (104 p.)
    Keywords: Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Abstract: The book entitled “Biodiversity of Marine Microbes” aims at highlighting the significance of marine microbes as primary producers, their contribution in complex ecological processes and their roles in biogeochemical cycles and ecosystem functioning. The book includes five research papers covering the diversity and composition of marine microbial communities representing all three domains of life in various marine environments, including coastal eutrophic areas, ice waters, and lagoons. One paper examines the diversity and succession of bacterial and archaeal communities from coastal waters in mesocosm experiments. The combination of classical tools with novel technological advances implemented in the methods of the papers offered an opportunity to answer fundamental questions and shed light on the complex and diverse life of marine microbes
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  • 5
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    Physics of Ionic Conduction in Narrow Biological and Artificial Channels (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036516462 , 9783036516455
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (306 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Technology: general issues
    Abstract: The book reprints a set of important scientific papers applying physics and mathematics to address the problem of selective ionic conduction in narrow water-filled channels and pores. It is a long-standing problem, and an extremely important one. Life in all its forms depends on ion channels and, furthermore, the technological applications of artificial ion channels are already widespread and growing rapidly. They include desalination, DNA sequencing, energy harvesting, molecular sensors, fuel cells, batteries, personalised medicine, and drug design. Further applications are to be anticipated.The book will be helpful to researchers and technologists already working in the area, or planning to enter it. It gives detailed descriptions of a diversity of modern approaches, and shows how they can be particularly effective and mutually reinforcing when used together. It not only provides a snapshot of current cutting-edge scientific activity in the area, but also offers indications of how the subject is likely to evolve in the future
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  • 6
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    Coral Reef Resilience (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036504544 , 9783036504551
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (112 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: undefined
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  • 7
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    Plasma: From Materials to Emerging Technologies (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036521251 , 9783036521268
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (132 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Interest in plasma as a tool in various technological processes has been growing for several decades. This is because of the special advantage of plasma, which is the immediate generation of chemically active radicals. There are also other advantages of plasma, which depend on its source, e.g., low or high temperature (dielectric barrier discharge vs. plasmatrons), large or small volume (electron beam chambers vs. microplasma), high or low homogeneity (low pressure RF plasma vs. corona discharge), etc. It is no wonder that plasma is used in so many areas, starting with the synthesis of ozone initiated by Werner von Siemens in 1857, through the activation of material surfaces and flow control by actuators and electrohydrodynamic pumps, to the latest applications related to medicine, environmental protection, and efforts to stop climate change. The objective of this book is to collect reports on the design and characterization of plasma methods which are or can be used in various types of technologies, especially those that solve contemporary problems regarding materials, energy, and the environment
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  • 8
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    Fiber Optic Sensors and Fiber Lasers (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036515182 , 9783036515175
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: The optical fiber industry is emerging from the market for selling simple accessories using optical fiber to the new optical-IT convergence sensor market combined with high value-added smart industries such as the bio industry. Among them, fiber optic sensors and fiber lasers are growing faster and more accurately by utilizing fiber optics in various fields such as shipbuilding, construction, energy, military, railway, security, and medical.This Special Issue aims to present novel and innovative applications of sensors and devices based on fiber optic sensors and fiber lasers, and covers a wide range of applications of optical sensors. In this Special Issue, original research articles, as well as reviews, have been published
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  • 9
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    Diagnostic Challenges in Sports Cardiology (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036512037 , 9783036512020
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (169 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: The foundations of sports cardiology include promoting physical activity and providing a safe environment for training and competition for all athletes at all levels, from professional to recreational. To combine these two aims, reliable tools to perform preparticipation screenings are needed. Moreover, those at high risk of potentially life-threatening events should be advised to limit their training load, while others should be reassured that there is no exercise-related cardiovascular risk. We are currently witnessing the advent of new portable devices for remote and mobile heart monitoring and several new and promising biochemical markers, which can support athletes’ diagnostic processes. In this Special Issue of the Diagnostics journal entitled “Diagnostic Challenges in Sports Cardiology”, we present a series of 13 manuscripts, including eight original works, three reviews, and two case reports, which give a glimpse into the current research topics in the area of sports cardiology
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  • 10
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    Asymmetry in Biological Homochirality (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036504421
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (102 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Chirality, or handedness, is a fundamental physical characteristic, which spans the length scales ranging from elementary particles to the chiral asymmetry of spiral galaxies. The way in which chirality in chemistry, or molecular handedness, may have emerged in a primitive terrestrial environment, and how it can be triggered, amplified, and transferred, are deeply challenging problems rooted in both fundamental scientific interests and the technological potentials for science and society. Chirality constitutes a unifying feature of the living world and is a prime driving force for molecular selection and genetic evolution in biology. In this book, we offer a selection of five distinct approaches to this problem by leading experts in the field. The selected topics range from protein chirality and its relevance to protein ageing, protein aggregation and neurodegeneration, entropy production associated with chiral symmetry breaking in closed systems, chiral oscillations in polymerization models involving higher-order oligomers, the mirror symmetry breaking in liquids and its implications for the development of homochirality in abiogenesis, the role of chirality in the chemical sciences, and some philosophical implications of chirality
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  • 11
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    Genome Mining and Synthetic Biology in Marine Natural Products Discovery (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036502540 , 9783036502557
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (92 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: In recent years, marine genomics has become a growning rapidly field, helped by the large amount of information that is becoming available to the international scientific community. Taking into account the current excitement in the field of marine biotechnology, this Special Issue entitled “Genome Mining and Synthetic Biology in Marine Natural Product Discovery” aims to to assess the impact of these molecular approaches on the discovery of bioactive compounds from marine organisms. The term “genome mining” is used to identify all bioinformatic investigations aimed at detecting the biosynthetic pathways of bioactive natural products and their possible functional and chemical interactions. Several studies are now reporting on marine organisms. Oceans cover nearly 70% of the Earth’s surface and host a huge ecological, chemical, and biological diversity. The natural conditions of the sea favor, in marine organisms, the production of a large variety of novel molecules with great pharmaceutical potential. Marine organisms are unique in their structural and functional features compared to terrestrial ones. Innovation in this field is very rapid, as revealed by the funding of several Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) and Horizon 2020 projects under the topic “Blue Growth”, with the urgent goal of discovering new drugs
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  • 12
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    Control and Automation (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036524467 , 9783036524474
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (136 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Control and automation systems are at the heart of our every day lives. This book is a collection of novel ideas and findings in these fields, published as part of the Special Issue on Control and Automation. The core focus of this issue was original ideas and potential contributions for both theory and practice. It received a total number of 21 submissions, out of which 7 were accepted. These published manuscripts tackle some novel approaches in control, including fractional order control systems, with applications in robotics, biomedical engineering, electrical engineering, vibratory systems, and wastewater treatment plants. This Special Issue has gathered a selection of novel research results regarding control systems in several distinct research areas. We hope that these papers will evoke new ideas, concepts, and further developments in the field
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  • 13
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    Toxicology and Biocompatibility of Nanomaterials (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036527390 , 9783036527383
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (146 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: This book entitled “Toxicology and Biocompatibility of Nanomaterials” covers some recent insights into adverse but beneficial effects of nanomaterials on human health and the environment. Renowned experts in the field contributed to this Special Issue to make this an interesting read for both scholars and students
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  • 14
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    〈em〉Neisseria gonorrhoeae〈/em〉 Infections (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036507903 , 9783036507910
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (102 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the obligate human pathogen“Neisseria gonorrhoeae”. This Gram-negative diplococcus is highly infective due to its virulence factors: pili, Por proteins, Opa proteins, Rmp proteins, lipooligosaccharides and IgA protease. Despite existing guidelines for its treatment, the incidence of the disease follows an increasing trend worldwide. This is mainly due to the appearance of antibiotic-resistant strains, inefficient diagnostic methods and poor sexual education. Without an effective vaccine available, the key priorities for the control of the disease include sexual education, contact notification, epidemiological surveillance, diagnosis and effective antibiotic treatment. This Special Issue focuses on some of these important issuesm such as the molecular mechanisms of the disease, diagnostic tests and different treatment strategies used to combat gonorrhea
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  • 15
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    Bio-Inspired Materials for Biomedical Applications (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036505282 , 9783036505299
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (92 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Evolved in a huge number of different materials and structures, nature represents a great inspiration for scientists and researchers, which continuously focuses attention on the development of novel approaches and functional biomaterials to mimic the complex architectures and functions of the human body. Bioinspired engineering is considered today as a valuable tool for the design of clinically relevant materials and structures for regenerative sciences and, in this direction, many progresses have been recently made by the scientific research in the biomedical field. This book aims at collecting some recent works addressed to the definition of novel bioinspired approaches in bioengineering and biotechnology, presenting interesting scientific results and a comprehensive overview of attracting materials in research papers and review articles
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  • 16
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    New Trends in Sport and Exercise Medicine (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036525020 , 9783036525037
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (248 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: The practice of regular physical activity has been proposed as a determinant in many disciplines, from wellness to physiotherapy; in fact, it reduces the risks of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Moreover, physical exercise decreases the incidence of some types of cancer, such as breast and colon cancer. Finally, rehabilitation protocols need correct exercise training to reach the complete “return to play” of patients. Unfortunately, the mechanisms associated with the beneficial effects of physical activity are still under study. Therefore, advances in all aspects of sport and exercise medicine will be relevant for physicians, recreational sport practitioners and elite athletes. This was the aim of this Special Issue, “New trends in sport and exercise medicine”, which achieved great success. Sixteen papers have been published, which are briefly described below. They range from mobile applications in physiotherapy to changes in bioactive lipids in half-marathoners. However, sport and exercise medicine are broad subjects and require more papers to clarify their different aspects. Therefore, we proposed a new Special Issue to continue on this path and gain new insights into sport and exercise medicine
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  • 17
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    Tribological Behavior of Functional Surface: Models and Methods (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036510361 , 9783036510378
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Material loss due to wear and corrosion and high resistance to motion generate high costs. Therefore, minimizing friction and wear is a problem of great importance. This book is focused on the tribological behavior of functional surfaces. It contains information regarding the improvement of tribological properties of sliding elements via changes in surface topography. Tribological impacts of surface texturing depending on the creation of dimples on co-acting surfaces are also discussed. The effects of various coatings on the minimization of friction and wear and corrosion resistance are also studied. Friction can be also reduced by introducing a new oil
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  • 18
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    Sustainability of Rural Tourism and Promotion of Local Development (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036519463 , 9783036519470
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (508 p.)
    Keywords: Development economics & emerging economies
    Abstract: This Special Issue contains articles include, but not limited to, empirical, analytical, or design-oriented approaches to the following topics: Monitoring of carrying capacity and mechanisms for managing tourist flows in rural areas; Systems and tools to measure the social, economic, and environmental sustainability of rural tourism; Integration between public tourism policies and private strategies in the promotion and implementation of sustainable practices; Policies for promoting public participation in the planning and development of sustainable rural tourism; The impacts of tourism on traditional agricultural activities; Identity enhancement of the territory and its productions; "Good practices" in the implementation of rural tourism sustainability
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  • 19
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    Monitoring and Assessment of Environmental Quality in Coastal Ecosystems (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036522357 , 9783036522364
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (90 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Environmental economics
    Abstract: Coastal ecosystems are dynamic, complex, and often fragile transition environments between land and oceans. They are exclusive habitats for a broad range of living organisms, functioning as havens for biodiversity and providing several important ecological services that link terrestrial, freshwater, and marine environments. Humans living in coastal zones have been strongly dependent on these ecosystems as a source of food, physical protection against storms and advancing sea, and a range of human activities that generate economic income. Notwithstanding, the intensification of human activities in coastal areas of the recent decades, as well as the global climatic changes and coastal erosion processes of the present, have had detrimental impacts on these environments. Maintaining the structural and functional integrity of these environments and recovering an ecological balance or mitigating disturbances in systems under the influence of such stressors are complex tasks, only possible through the implementation of monitoring programs and by assessing their environmental quality. In this book, distinct approaches to environmental quality monitoring and assessment of coastal environments are presented, focused on abiotic and biotic compartments, and using tools that range from ecological levels of organization to the sub-organismal and the ecosystem levels
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  • 20
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    Zooplankton Diversity and Pelagic Food Webs : Investigating Present and Past with Different Techniques (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783039435494 , 9783039435500
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (226 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Zooplankton are of key importance in the structure and functioning of aquatic food webs. They contribute to a large part of the functional and structural biodiversity of predator and prey plankton communities. Promptly responding to long-term and seasonal changes in the physical and chemical environment, they are sensitive indicators of patterns and mechanisms of impact drivers, both natural and human induced. In this volume, we aim to present evidence for both long-term and seasonal changes in zooplankton community structure and dynamics, investigating different approaches from population dynamics to advanced molecular techniques and reconstructing past communities from subfossil remains in lake sediments
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  • 21
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    Participation and Well Being Among Children and Youth With Childhood Onset Disabilities (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036514444 , 9783036514437
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (248 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Participation, defined as involvement in life situations, is important for children’s health and development. This Special Issue advances the knowledge about participation interventions and outcomes for children with disabilities in different settings and includes the perspectives of clinicians, families, and children. This is a collection of research from across the globe that advances knowledge in the following areas: - Participation interventions; - Measurement/assessment of participation outcomes; - Participation of special populations (i.e., ABI, ADHD, and ASD); and - Impact of participation on health and well being
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  • 22
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    UAVs for Vegetation Monitoring (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036521923 , 9783036521916
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (452 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: This book compiles a set of original and innovative papers included in the Special Issue on UAVs for vegetation monitoring, which proves the wide scope of UAVs in very diverse vegetation applications, both in agricultural and forestry scenarios, ranging from the characterization of relevant vegetation features to the detection of plant or crop stressors. New methods and techniques are developed and applied to diverse vegetation scenarios to meet the main challenge of sustainability
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  • 23
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    Freshwater Macroinvertebrates: Main Gaps and Future Trends (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036526232 , 9783036526225
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Freshwater macroinvertebrates play a crucial role in linking sediments and their processes to the food web. Indeed, environmental modifications (e.g., nitrogen deposition, salinity, and temperature increase), pollution (e.g., pesticides and heavy metals), and introduction of alien species are the main drivers of changes that are affecting their communities. This Special Issue aims to present the past and present knowledge on freshwater macroinvertebrates to understand their role as providers of ecosystem services, to highlight the effects of global changes on their community (in the short and long term), and to underline major gaps in their study. Finally, in order to tackle the currently unsustainable use of freshwater natural capital, we welcome ideas and expert opinions on the development of future research linked to national and international regulations
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  • 24
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    Plant Embryogenesis (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036514611 , 9783036514628
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Despite intense investigation of plant embryogenesis, there are still various open questions in this fascinating field. For example, our knowledge is still poor in relation to the spatiotemporal dynamics and the regulatory mechanisms of various embryonic events at all levels of whole plants, organs, tissues, cells, and molecules. We also need to understand the generality and diversity of embryonic features in a diverse range of species and also the bioengineering technologies to improve reproductive traits. Therefore, in this Special Issue, we show various articles, including original research papers and reviews, to expand our knowledge on plant embryogenesis, including works spanning from the various novel protocols of model plants to the regulations of somatic embryogenesis in agricultural plants
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  • 25
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    Recent Advancements in Metallic Glasses (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036508801 , 9783036508818
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (190 p.)
    Keywords: Information technology industries
    Abstract: The Special Issue “Recent Advancements in Metallic Glasses” presents ten original papers, considering both scientific and application issues related to metallic glasses. The papers are devoted to general consideration of the formation and defects of the glassy structure, defect evolution due to heat treatment, deformation behavior upon compression and high-pressure torsion, amorphous-crystalline transformation, hydrogenation behavior, and biomedical applications
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  • 26
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    Research, Literacy, and Communication Education: New Challenges Facing Disinformation (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036525143 , 9783036525150
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (272 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: The information that comes through digital media and social networks is increasing. This potential access to almost infinite information makes it difficult to select relevant content with a good understanding. It is therefore necessary to generate research that thoroughly analyses the phenomenon of communication and information in the digital age. For this reason, this monograph presents different research studies that highlight the need for greater media literacy and education in order to prevent the existence and dissemination of fake news. Citizens must know how to deal with disinformation and be able to detect the source of bad intentions behind information. Therefore, people need to be aware of the new communication challenges in order to determine what is important, which media they can trust, and where information has been misused or manipulated. In conclusion, society must be prepared to face new challenges related to misinformation. An educated and digitally literate society will be able to face these problems and be prepared to face the new communication challenges, including interaction with social networks, new audiences, new media, fake news, etc
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    The Physical Properties of the Groups of Galaxies (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036517735 , 9783036517742
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (250 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Galaxy groups consist of a few tens of galaxies bound in a common gravitational potential and contain a significant fraction of the overall universal baryon budget. Therefore, they are key to our understanding of how the bulk of matter in the Universe accretes and forms hierarchical structures and how different sources of feedback affect their gravitational collapse. However, despite their crucial role in cosmic structure formation and evolution, galaxy groups have received less attention compared to massive clusters. This is perhaps in part due to their rarity in being observed and properly characterized. With the advent of eROSITA, many thousands of galaxy groups will be detected by X-ray, complementing optical and SZ coverage. In this Special Issue we collected and organized the latest developments in our understanding of these systems and present future prospects from both observational and theoretical points of view
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    Marine Carotenoids in Inflammation and Cancer (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036525167 , 9783036525174
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (234 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: This Special Issue covers both the in vitro and in vivo evaluation of marine carotenoids with anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities as well as clinical trials conducted in humans. Among the properties of carotenoids discussed in this book, it is worth highlighting the potential of astaxanthin and its precursor metabolite, adonixanthin, since oral administration of these carotenoids has shown beneficial effects on glioblastoma for the first time by suppressing cell proliferation and migration. In addition, astaxanthin has been shown to inhibit Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric carcinoma cell motility and, consequently, cancer progression through the inhibition of cytoskeleton reorganization. In addition, a carotenoid-containing lipid extract of Gloeothece sp. has demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties in vitro
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    Mechanisms Driving Karyotype Evolution and Genomic Architecture (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036501567 , 9783036501574
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (248 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Understanding of the origin of species and their adaptability to new environments is one of the main questions in biology. This is fueled by the ongoing debate on species concepts and facilitated by the availability of an unprecedented large number of genomic resources. Genomes are organized into chromosomes, where significant variations in number and morphology are observed among species due to large-scale structural variants such as inversions, translocations, fusions, and fissions. This genomic reshuffling provides, in the long term, new chromosomal forms on which natural selection can act upon, contributing to the origin of biodiversity. This book contains mainly articles, reviews, and an opinion piece that explore numerous aspects of genome plasticity among taxa that will help in understanding the dynamics of genome composition, the evolutionary relationships between species and, in the long run, speciation
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    Risk-Informed Sustainable Development in the Rural Tropics (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036513706 , 9783036513690
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (470 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Many people live in rural areas in tropical regions. Rural development is not merely a contribution to the growth of individual countries. It can be a way to reduce poverty and to increase access to water, health care, and education. Sustainable rural development can also help stop deforestation and reduce livestock, which generate most of the greenhouse gas emissions. However, efforts to achieve a sustainable rural development are often thwarted by floods, drought, heat waves, and hurricanes, which local communities are not very prepared to tackle. Agricultural practices and local planning are still not very risk-informed. These deficiencies are particularly acute in tropical regions, where many Least Developed Countries are located and where there is, however, great potential for rural development. This Special Issue contains 22 studies on best practices for risk awareness; on local risk reduction; on several cases of soil depletion, water pollution, and sustainable access to safe water; and on agronomy, earth sciences, ecology, economy, environmental engineering, geomatics, materials science, and spatial and regional planning in 12 tropical countries
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    Toward Sustainability: Bike-Sharing Systems Design, Simulation and Management (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036517063 , 9783036517056
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (231 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: The goal of this Special Issue is to discuss new challenges in the simulation and management problems of both traditional and innovative bike-sharing systems, to ultimately encourage the competitiveness and attractiveness of BSSs, and contribute to the further promotion of sustainable mobility. We have selected thirteen papers for publication in this Special Issue
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    Visual Attention-Related Processing: Perspectives from Ageing, Cognitive Decline and Dementia (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036509846 , 9783036509853
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (142 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Neurosciences
    Abstract: Visual attention is essential for environmental interactions, but our ability to respond to stimuli gradually declines across the lifespan, and such deficits are even more pronounced in various states of cognitive impairment. Examining the integrity of related components, from elements of attention capture to executive control, will improve our understanding of related declines by helping to explain behavioural and neural effects, which will ultimately contribute towards our knowledge of the extent of dysfunctional attention processes and their impact upon everyday life. Accordingly, this Special Issue represents a body of literature that fundamentally advances insights into visual attention processing, featuring studies spanning healthy ageing, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia
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    Childhood Malnutrition (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036522678 , 9783036522685
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (180 p.)
    Keywords: Humanities ; Social interaction
    Abstract: This book covers a wide range of malnutrition manifestations across the globe. Malnutrition in any form has an serious, long-term impact on children’s development, health and well-being. It is an emerging public health problem that needs to be addressed through actions and policies.The Special Issue opens with an overview of global malnutrition data. It is followed by three articles on eating disorders: a systematic review of the correlation between vegetarian diets and eating disorders in adolescents and young adults, a review of the nutritional risks among adolescent athletes with disordered eating, and a systematic review of the neuroimaging findings in adolescents and young adults with anorexia nervosa.The next article is a review on the nutritional status of pediatric cancer patients at diagnosis and its correlations with treatment, clinical outcome and long-term growth and health of survivors.The need for more extensive assessment of children’ nutritional status in developing countries is explored in the next two articles: a presentation of anthropometry measurements among Nepali children living in orphanages and a report on the nutritional status, diet, and intestinal parasites in hosted Saharawi children.The next article focusses on the development of a disease-specific tool for determining malnutrition risk in pediatric and adolescent cystic fibrosis outpatients in Greece. The last two articles examine aspects of childhood obesity in two Mediterranean countries. First, sociodemographic determinants of childhood obesity in Spain are presented. The last article examines the effects of nutrition and physical activity habits and perceptions on adolescents’ Body Mass Index in Greece.We wish to thank everyone who contributed to this project, including the patients and families that participated in the studies presented in this book
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    Industrial and Technological Applications of Power Electronics Systems (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036508221 , 9783036508238
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (384 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Technology: general issues
    Abstract: The Special Issue "Industrial and Technological Applications of Power Electronics Systems" focuses on: - new strategies of control for electric machines, including sensorless control and fault diagnosis; - existing and emerging industrial applications of GaN and SiC-based converters; - modern methods for electromagnetic compatibility. The book covers topics such as control systems, fault diagnosis, converters, inverters, and electromagnetic interference in power electronics systems. The Special Issue includes 19 scientific papers by industry experts and worldwide professors in the area of electrical engineering
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    Extension of Healthy Life Span of Dialysis Patients in the Era of a 100-Year Life (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036523460 , 9783036523453
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Malnutrition is becoming a more prominent health problem, with an increasing number of elderly CKD patients being put on dialysis. In addition, the presence of inflammation, sarcopenia/frailty, diabetes, and CVD is a definite and independent risk factor associated with higher mortality in this population. Although the restriction of protein intake has been recommended to protect eGFR decline, hyperphosphatemia, and hyperkalemia in CKD patients, it might accelerate the loss of skeletal muscle and adipose mass, leading to a poor prognosis. Therefore, flexible responses are considered regarding whether protein restriction should be continued or loosened in pre-dialysis CKD patients. In undernourished elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis, sufficient calorie/protein intake is necessary to counteract the development of sarcopenia/frailty. It is expected that the application of new drugs including phosphate binders and potassium chelators may achieve both a high enough intake and balanced levels of phosphate and potassium. Furthermore, the improvement of deficient micronutrients and poor appetite is also necessary. Comprehensive care is essential for the wellbeing of elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis. The topicof this Special Issue is “Extension of Healthy Life Span of Dialysis Patients in the Era of a 100-Year Life”
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    Cellular Metals: Fabrication, Properties and Applications (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036510385 , 9783036510392
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (272 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Cellular solids and porous metals have become some of the most promising lightweight multifunctional materials due to their superior combination of advanced properties mainly derived from their base material and cellular structure. They are used in a wide range of commercial, biomedical, industrial, and military applications. In contrast to other cellular materials, cellular metals are non-flammable, recyclable, extremely tough, and chemically stable and are excellent energy absorbers. The manuscripts of this Special Issue provide a representative insight into the recent developments in this field, covering topics related to manufacturing, characterization, properties, specific challenges in transportation, and the description of structural features. For example, a presented strategy for the strengthening of Al-alloy foams is the addition of alloying elements (e.g., magnesium) into the metal bulk matrix to promote the formation of intermetallics (e.g., precipitation hardening). The incorporation of micro-sized and nano-sized reinforcement elements (e.g., carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide) into the metal bulk matrix to enhance the performance of the ductile metal is presented. New bioinspired cellular materials, such as nanocomposite foams, lattice materials, and hybrid foams and structures are also discussed (e.g., filled hollow structures, metal-polymer hybrid cellular structures)
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    Smart Cities and Positive Energy Districts: Urban Perspectives in 2020 (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036511887 , 9783036511894
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Since their creation eight years ago, the EERA Joint Programmes and their participating institutions have accumulated important knowledge on specific topics of the programmes they carried out. This includes Smart Cities and Positive Energy Districts, which are not only crucial topics tackled by EERA Joint Programme in the Smart Cities Workplan, but also in H2020 as well as Horizon Europe or national calls, focusing on innovative solutions based on interdisciplinary approaches, which are needed to face the highly complex challenges in coming years, from sustainable urban development to emergencies in cities due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The foreword of EERA JP in SC Special Issue 1|2018 highlighted the aim of the Special Issues series, which was, and still is, to support the growth of research networks in the EC framework. According to this, our ambition is to publish the most promising research and innovation projects which EERA JPonSC partners, and others, set up in the framework of H2020 Programme, to drive the attention to the fact that EERA JP on SC is one of the strong voices in research in Europe, capable of highlighting and integrating different solutions and points of view
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    Structure-Seabed Interactions in Marine Environments (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036522050 , 9783036522067
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: The phenomenon of soil–structure interactions in marine environments has attracted great attention from coastal geotechnical engineers in recent years. One of the reasons for the growing interest is the rapid development of marine resources (such as in the oil and gas industry, marine renewable energy, and fish farming industry) as well as the damage to marine infrastructure that has occurred in the last two decades. To assist practical engineers in the design and planning of coastal geotechnical projects, a better understanding of the mechanisms of soil–structure interactions in marine environments is desired. This Special Issue reports the recent advances in the problems of structure–seabed interactions in marine environment and provides practical engineers and researchers with information on recent developments in this field
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    New Perspectives in the Definition/Evaluation of Seismic Hazard through Analysis of the Environmental Effects Induced by Earthquakes (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036518770 , 9783036518787
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (424 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: The devastating effects caused by the recent catastrophic earthquakes that took place all over the world from Japan, New Zealand, to Chile, as well as those occurring in the Mediterranean basin, have once again shown that ground motion, although a serious source of direct damage, is not the only parameter to be considered, with most damage being the result of coseismic geological effects that are directly connected to the earthquake source or caused by ground shaking. The primary environmental effects induced by earthquakes as well as the secondary effects (sensu Environmental Seismic Intensity - ESI 2007 scale) must be considered for a more correct and complete evaluation of seismic hazards, at both regional and local scales. This Special Issue aims to collect all contributions that, using different methodologies, integrate new data produced with multi-disciplinary and innovative methods. These methodologies are essential for the identification and characterization of seismically active areas, and for the development of new hazard models, obtained using different survey techniques. The topic attracted a lot of interest, 19 peer-reviewed articles were collected; moreover, different areas of the world have been analyzed through these methodologies: Italy, USA, Spain, Australia, Ecuador, Guatemala, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia, China, Japan, and Nepal
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    Advanced Mathematics and Computational Applications in Control Systems Engineering (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036514529 , 9783036514512
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Control system engineering is a multidisciplinary discipline that applies automatic control theory to design systems with desired behaviors in control environments. Automatic control theory has played a vital role in the advancement of engineering and science. It has become an essential and integral part of modern industrial and manufacturing processes. Today, the requirements for control precision have increased, and real systems have become more complex. In control engineering and all other engineering disciplines, the impact of advanced mathematical and computational methods is rapidly increasing. Advanced mathematical methods are needed because real-world control systems need to comply with several conditions related to product quality and safety constraints that have to be taken into account in the problem formulation. Conversely, the increment in mathematical complexity has an impact on the computational aspects related to numerical simulation and practical implementation of the algorithms, where a balance must also be maintained between implementation costs and the performance of the control system. This book is a comprehensive set of articles reflecting recent advances in developing and applying advanced mathematics and computational applications in control system engineering
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    Evolutionary Computation 2020 (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036523941 , 9783036523958
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (442 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Intelligent optimization is based on the mechanism of computational intelligence to refine a suitable feature model, design an effective optimization algorithm, and then to obtain an optimal or satisfactory solution to a complex problem. Intelligent algorithms are key tools to ensure global optimization quality, fast optimization efficiency and robust optimization performance. Intelligent optimization algorithms have been studied by many researchers, leading to improvements in the performance of algorithms such as the evolutionary algorithm, whale optimization algorithm, differential evolution algorithm, and particle swarm optimization. Studies in this arena have also resulted in breakthroughs in solving complex problems including the green shop scheduling problem, the severe nonlinear problem in one-dimensional geodesic electromagnetic inversion, error and bug finding problem in software, the 0-1 backpack problem, traveler problem, and logistics distribution center siting problem. The editors are confident that this book can open a new avenue for further improvement and discoveries in the area of intelligent algorithms. The book is a valuable resource for researchers interested in understanding the principles and design of intelligent algorithms
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    Modelling and Control of Mechatronic and Robotic Systems (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036511221 , 9783036511238
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (404 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Currently, the modelling and control of mechatronic and robotic systems is an open and challenging field of investigation in both industry and academia. The book encompasses the kinematic and dynamic modelling, analysis, design, and control of mechatronic and robotic systems, with the scope of improving their performance, as well as simulating and testing novel devices and control architectures. A broad range of disciplines and topics are included, such as robotic manipulation, mobile systems, cable-driven robots, wearable and rehabilitation devices, variable stiffness safety-oriented mechanisms, optimization of robot performance, and energy-saving systems
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    Proteomics and Food Analysis: Principles, Techniques, and Applications (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036524412 , 9783036524405
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (112 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: This book, Proteomics and Food Analysis: Principles, Techniques, and Applications, edited by Dr. Mónica Carrera and published by MDPI, is an excellent collection of a wide range of proteomics approaches applied in food analysis
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    Design and Management of Manufacturing Systems (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036511467 , 9783036511474
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (452 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Although the design and management of manufacturing systems have been explored in the literature for many years now, they still remain topical problems in the current scientific research. The changing market trends, globalization, the constant pressure to reduce production costs, and technical and technological progress make it necessary to search for new manufacturing methods and ways of organizing them, and to modify manufacturing system design paradigms. This book presents current research in different areas connected with the design and management of manufacturing systems and covers such subject areas as: methods supporting the design of manufacturing systems, methods of improving maintenance processes in companies, the design and improvement of manufacturing processes, the control of production processes in modern manufacturing systems production methods and techniques used in modern manufacturing systems and environmental aspects of production and their impact on the design and management of manufacturing systems. The wide range of research findings reported in this book confirms that the design of manufacturing systems is a complex problem and that the achievement of goals set for modern manufacturing systems requires interdisciplinary knowledge and the simultaneous design of the product, process and system, as well as the knowledge of modern manufacturing and organizational methods and techniques
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    Sensor Networks in Structural Health Monitoring: From Theory to Practice (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036506326 , 9783036506333
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (164 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: The intense development of novel data-driven and hybrid methods for structural health monitoring (SHM) has been demonstrated by field deployments on large-scale systems, including transport, wind energy, and building infrastructure. The actionability of SHM as an essential resource for life-cycle and resilience management is heavily dependent on the advent of low-cost and easily deployable sensors Nonetheless, in optimizing these deployments, a number of open issues remain with respect to the sensing side. These are associated with the type, configuration, and eventual processing of the information acquired from these sensors to deliver continuous behavioral signatures of the monitored structures. This book discusses the latest advances in the field of sensor networks for SHM. The focus lies both in active research on the theoretical foundations of optimally deploying and operating sensor networks and in those technological developments that might designate the next generation of sensing solutions targeted for SHM. The included contributions span the complete SHM information chain, from sensor design to configuration, data interpretation, and triggering of reactive action. The featured papers published in this Special Issue offer an overview of the state of the art and further proceed to introduce novel methods and tools. Particular attention is given to the treatment of uncertainty, which inherently describes the sensed information and the behavior of monitored systems
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    Embedded Pharmacists in Primary Care (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036501703 , 9783036501710
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (94 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: As healthcare delivery moves from a provider-centric approach to a more patient-centric approach, systems and payers need to reimagine how care and team-based care is delivered to patients and reimbursed. Thus, the goal should be to see the right patient, by the right provider, in the right place, for the right price, and where appropriate, with the use of the right pharmaceutical(s) – “5 P’s”. There continues to be a reduction in physicians that are pursuing primary care roles in the United States, thus exacerbating the ability to meet patient demand. Most patient encounters begin with or end with the prescribing of medication. Thus, a future where pharmacists are embedded in primary care settings allows these pharmacists to collaborate at the point-of-prescribing (i.e., in-clinic) and provides tremendous benefits to providers and patients. The pharmacist workforce is educated at the doctoral level, yet vastly underutilized and can assist in a collaborative approach in primary care. The collection of articles in the Special Issue “Embedded Pharmacists in Primary Care” highlight examples of models that have included pharmacists in the ambulatory setting providing services in chronic disease management, comprehensive medication management, and care of specific conditions such as diabetes
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    Horticultural Crop Response to Different Environmental and Nutritional Stress (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036519487 , 9783036519494
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Environmental conditions and nutritional stress may greatly affect crop performance. Abiotic stresses such as temperature (cold, heat), water (drought, flooding), irradiance, salinity, nutrients, and heavy metals can strongly affect plant growth dynamics and the yield and quality of horticultural products. Such effects have become of greater importance during the course of global climate change. Different strategies and techniques can be used to detect, investigate, and mitigate the effects of environmental and nutritional stress. Horticultural crop management is moving towards digitized, precision management through wireless remote-control solutions, but data analysis, although a traditional approach, remains the basis of stress detection and crop management. This Special Issue summarizes the recent progress in agronomic management strategies to detect and reduce environmental and nutritional stress effects on the yield and quality of horticultural crops
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    3Ts in Gastrointestinal Microbiome Era: Technology, Translational Research and Transplant (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036527963 , 9783036527970
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 p.)
    Keywords: Public health & preventive medicine
    Abstract: We have entered a new era where some concepts of the complex community of microorganisms (microbiota comprising bacteria, fungi, viruses, bacteriophages and helminths) are being re-discovered and re-visited. Microbiota and human interaction is not new; they have shared a long history of co-existence. Nevertheless, the opportunities to understand the role of these microorganisms in human diseases and to design a potential treatment were limited. At present, thanks to development of innovative and cutting-edge molecular biological and microbiological technologies as well as clinical informatics and bioinformatics skills, microbiome application is moving into clinics. Approaches to therapy based on prebiotics, probiotics and lately on fecal microbiota transplantation has revolutionized medicine. Microbiota outnumbers our genes and is now regarded as another organ of the body. The gastrointestinal tract and gut microbiota display a well-documented symbiotic relationship. Disruption of intestinal microbiota homeostasis—called dysbiosis—has been associated with several diseases. Whether dysbiosis is a cause or consequence of disease initiation and progression still needs to be investigated in more depth. The aim of this book is to highlight recent advances in the field of microbiome research, which are now shaping medicine, and current approaches to microbiome-oriented therapy for gastrointestinal diseases. Dr. Rinaldo Pellicano Dr. Sharmila Fagoonee Guest Editors
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    Fungi and Fungal Metabolites for the Improvement of Human and Animal Nutrition and Health (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036514666 , 9783036514659
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (459 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: The purpose of this book was not to provide a comprehensive overview of the vast arena of how fungi and fungal metabolites are able to improve human and animal nutrition and health; rather, we, as Guest Editors, wished to encourage authors working in this field to publish their most recent work in this rapidly growing journal in order for the large readership to appreciate the full potential of wonderful and beneficial fungi. Thus, this Special Issue welcomed scientific contributions on applications of fungi and fungal metabolites, such as bioactive fatty acids, pigments, polysaccharides, alkaloids, terpenoids, etc., with great potential in human and animal nutrition and health
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    Diagnosis and Treatment of Musculoskeletal Disorders (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036526607 , 9783036526614
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (162 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Musculoskeletal disorders are a serious burden for patients and modern society. In Europe alone, 100,000,000 individuals suffer from musculoskeletal disorders and 40,000,000 affected workers cause losses due to work absence and a productivity loss of EUR 12 billion per year. Worldwide, musculoskeletal disorders are the second most common cause of pain and disability. Adequate diagnosis and early initiation of treatment are key elements in the care for patients suffering from musculoskeletal disorders, yet, for many musculoskeletal disorders, diagnostic tests lack appropriate accuracy. Treatment of musculoskeletal disorders is challenging as the mechanisms causing the complaints and mechanisms of action for the available treatment options are largely unknown. Moreover, these mechanisms and effectiveness might depend on specific patients’ characteristics and call for personalized strategies. This Special Issue invited researchers in the field to contribute to the state of the art in the diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. As many different healthcare professionals are involved in the diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders, the Special Issue published high-quality studies from different areas of healthcare. Studies reporting on original research (e.g., randomized controlled trials, cohort studies), but also systematic literature reviews and meta-analyses within the scope of the Special Issue were considered. Given recent debates around the effectiveness of surgical interventions for musculoskeletal disorders and concomitant risks for adverse side-effects, intervention studies on non-surgical treatment options were prioritized
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    Advances in Mineral Processing and Hydrometallurgy (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036520797 , 9783036520803
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (480 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: This is a Special Issue of Metals devoted to aspects of Advances in Mineral Processing and Hydrometallurgy. This includes a global call for article submissions that also included Characterization along with Recycling and Waste Minimization. As such, both primary and recycled aspects will be considered. Possible specific topics included Mineralogy, Geometallurgy, Thermodynamics, Kinetics, Comminution, Classification, Physical Separations, Liquid–Solid Separations, Leaching, Solvent Extraction, Ion Exchange, Activated Carbon, Precipitation, Reduction, Process Economics and Process Control. Suggested application areas were in Gold, Silver, PGM’s, Aluminum, Copper, Zinc, Lead, Nickel, and Titanium. Critical Metals articles on topics such as Lithium, Antimony Tellurium, Gallium, Germanium, Cobalt, Graphite, Indium, and Rare Earth were also welcome. As such, this Special Issue of Metals was well supported by diverse submissions and the final publication of high-quality peer-reviewed articles
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    Optical Thin Films and Structures : Design and Advanced Applications (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036508924 , 9783036508931
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Technology: general issues
    Abstract: The book is devoted to the design, application and characterization of thin films and structures, with special emphasis on optical applications. It comprises ten papers—five featured and five regular—authored by scientists all over the world. Diverse materials are studied and their possible applications are demonstrated and discussed—transparent conductive coatings and structures from ZnO doped with Al and Ga and Ti-doped SnO2, polymers and nanosized zeolite thin films for optical sensing, TiO2 with linear and nonlinear optical properties, organic diamagnetic materials, broadband optical coatings, CrWN glass molding coatings, and silicon on insulator waveguides
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    Appetite and Satiety Control-Gut Mechanisms (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036523484 , 9783036523477
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (454 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: The prevalence of obesity and its comorbidities, particularly type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular and hepatic disease and certain cancers, continues to rise worldwide. Paradoxically, despite an increasingly obesogenic environment, particularly in Western societies, undernutrition is also extremely common. The application of novel, sophisticated techniques, particularly related to imaging and molecular biology, has substantially advanced our understanding of the mechanisms controlling appetite and energy intake. This has led to a redefinition of many concepts, including the relative importance of central versus peripheral mechanisms, recognising that the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, particularly gut hormones, plays a critical role. Given the major advance in knowledge in the field, this Special Issue provides a comprehensive overview of the GI mechanisms underlying the regulation of appetite and energy intake, as a series of definitive reviews by international authorities. The reviews address gut-related mechanisms, including nutrient sensing, gut hormones and GI motility, gut-brain communication, including the roles of the vagus and the modulation of reward perception, the roles of diet and the microbiota, as well as the abnormalities associated with eating disorders, specifically obesity and anorexia of ageing, and the beneficial effects of bariatric surgery. The reviews cover both preclinical research and studies in humans, and are complemented by a number of important original papers
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    Cell Signaling in Model Plants (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036519548 , 9783036519555
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (278 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This book provides new and in-depth insights into molecular aspects of plant cell signaling in response to biotic, such as aphid- and grey mold disease-resistance, and abiotic stresses, such as soil salinity and drought stress, and additionally, functional analysis on signaling components involved in flowering, juvenility, GA signaling, and biosynthesis, and miRNA-regulated gene expression. Furthermore, plant acclimation was reported, with emphasis on mechanistic insights into the roles of brassinosteroids, cyclic AMP, and hydrogen sulfide, and the recent advances of transmembrane receptor-like kinases were refined. Clearly, plant cell signaling is an intensive topic and whether it is now or in the future, the emerging technology in functional analysis such as genome editing technologies, high-throughput technologies, integrative multiple-omics as well as bioinformatics can assist researchers to reveal novel aspects of the regulatory mechanisms of plant growth and development, and acclimation to environmental and biotic stresses. The achievement of such research will be useful in improving crop stress tolerances to increase agricultural productivity and sustainability for the food supply of the world
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    Computational Approaches: Drug Discovery and Design in Medicinal Chemistry and Bioinformatics (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036527796 , 9783036527789
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (387 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry
    Abstract: This book is a collection of original research articles in the field of computer-aided drug design. It reports the use of current and validated computational approaches applied to drug discovery as well as the development of new computational tools to identify new and more potent drugs
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    Design Space Exploration and Resource Management of Multi/Many-Core Systems (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036508764 , 9783036508771
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (218 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: The increasing demand of processing a higher number of applications and related data on computing platforms has resulted in reliance on multi-/many-core chips as they facilitate parallel processing. However, there is a desire for these platforms to be energy-efficient and reliable, and they need to perform secure computations for the interest of the whole community. This book provides perspectives on the aforementioned aspects from leading researchers in terms of state-of-the-art contributions and upcoming trends
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    Texture and Colour in Image Analysis (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036513782 , 9783036513775
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (278 p.)
    Keywords: Information technology industries
    Abstract: Research in colour and texture has experienced major changes in the last few years. This book presents some recent advances in the field, specifically in the theory and applications of colour texture analysis. This volume also features benchmarks, comparative evaluations and reviews
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    Fit-for-Purpose Land Administration Fit-for-Purpose Land Administration- Providing Secure Land Rights at Scale. Volume 1: Conceptual Innovations (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036520834 , 9783036520841
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (296 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: This Special Issue provides an insight, collated from 26 articles, focusing on various aspects of the Fit-For-Purpose Land Administration (FFPLA) concept and its application. It presents some influential and innovative trends and recommendations for designing, implementing, maintaining and further developing Fit-For-Purpose solutions for providing secure land rights at scale. The first group of 14 articles is published in Volume One and discusses various conceptual innovations related to spatial, legal and institutional aspects and its wider applications within land use management. The second group of 12 articles is published in Volume Two and focuses on case studies from various countries throughout the world, providing evidence and lessons learned from the FFPLA implementation process
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    Sustainable Business Models in Tourism (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036508887 , 9783036508894
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (286 p.)
    Keywords: Information technology industries
    Abstract: We invite you to read the Special Issue on business models in tourism, in the context of considering the principles of sustainable development. It is a collection of 14 articles published in a Special Issue of Sustainability MDPI in 2019–2021. The dynamic changes taking place in the world economy, social life, and the natural environment force entrepreneurs to change their business models. This also happens in the tourism business. The SARS-COV2 virus pandemic has increased the need for change. It is necessary to offer managers modern management tools that cover the broadest possible scope of integration of the elements of the conducted business activities, at the same time adjusted to the specificity of the market and needs of the natural environment in which the enterprises managed by them operate. This book, formulated in the light of the presented needs, aims to use the concept of business models and sustainability business models in the context of a tourism enterprise adapted to the existing conditions of tourist and spa activities
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    Remote Sensing Monitoring of Land Surface Temperature (LST) (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036514284 , 9783036514277
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (337 p.)
    Keywords: Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Abstract: This book is a collection of recent developments, methodologies, calibration and validation techniques, and applications of thermal remote sensing data and derived products from UAV-based, aerial, and satellite remote sensing. A set of 15 papers written by a total of 70 authors was selected for this book. The published papers cover a wide range of topics, which can be classified in five groups: algorithms, calibration and validation techniques, improvements in long-term consistency in satellite LST, downscaling of LST, and LST applications and land surface emissivity research
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    Sustainable Geotechnics—Theory, Practice, and Applications (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036514796 , 9783036514802
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (112 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Today, modern Geotechnical Engineers, who in the past would have considered the phenomena occurring in the (primarily soil) environment, are faced with developments in environmental sciences that are becoming increasingly more detailed and sophisticated, with the natural phenomena and processes surrounding the civil engineering infrastructure being modeled, designed, monitored, and assessed in a more holistic way. This book brings together the state of the art in geotechnics with a focus on sustainable design, resilience, construction, and monitoring of the performance of geotechnical assets from ground investigations, through foundation and drainage design to soil stabilization and reinforcement. Engineers and scientists working in the fields of green infrastructure, nature-based solutions, sustainable drainage, eco-engineering, hydro-geology, landscape planning, plant science, environmental biology or bio-chemistry, earth sciences, GIS, and remote sensing are represented here by articles that show significant geotechnical components or applications. Case studies showcasing the application of the sustainable development principles (e.g., reuse, recycle, reduce; stakeholder engagement; public health; UN Global Sustainability Goals) in Geotechnics are also included in this book
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    Scientific Advances in STEM: From Professor to Students (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036517759 , 9783036517766
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (362 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: This book collects the publications of the special Topic Scientific advances in STEM: from Professor to students. The aim is to contribute to the advancement of the Science and Engineering fields and their impact on the industrial sector, which requires a multidisciplinary approach. University generates and transmits knowledge to serve society. Social demands continuously evolve, mainly because of cultural, scientific, and technological development. Researchers must contextualize the subjects they investigate to their application to the local industry and community organizations, frequently using a multidisciplinary point of view, to enhance the progress in a wide variety of fields (aeronautics, automotive, biomedical, electrical and renewable energy, communications, environmental, electronic components, etc.). Most investigations in the fields of science and engineering require the work of multidisciplinary teams, representing a stockpile of research projects in different stages (final year projects, master’s or doctoral studies). In this context, this Topic offers a framework for integrating interdisciplinary research, drawing together experimental and theoretical contributions in a wide variety of fields
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    Wind Turbine Aerodynamics II (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036524726 , 9783036524733
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: This Special Issue is a collection of the latest research articles on various topics related to wind turbine aerodynamics, which includes wind turbine design concepts, tip loss correction study, wind turbine acoustics modelling, and the vertical axis wind turbine concept
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    Advances in Surface Modification and Treatment of Wood (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036509020 , 9783036509037
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Biopolymers including natural (e.g., polysaccharides, proteins, gums, natural rubbers, bacterial polymers), synthetic (e.g., aliphatic polyesters and polyphosphoester), and biocomposites are of paramount interest in regenerative medicine, due to their availability, processability, and low toxicity. Moreover, the structuration of biopolymer-based materials at the nano- and microscale along with their chemical properties are crucial in the engineering of advanced carriers for drug products. Finally, combination products including or based on biopolymers for controlled drug release offer a powerful solution to improve the tissue integration and biological response of these materials. Understanding the drug delivery mechanisms, efficiency, and toxicity of such systems may be useful for regenerative medicine and pharmaceutical technology. The main aim of the Special Issue on “Biopolymers in Drug Delivery and Regenerative Medicine” is to gather recent findings and current advances on biopolymer research for biomedical applications, particularly in regenerative medicine, wound healing, and drug delivery. Contributions to this issue can be as original research or review articles and may cover all aspects of biopolymer research, ranging from the chemical synthesis and characterization of modified biopolymers, their processing in different morphologies and hierarchical structures, as well as their assessment for biomedical uses
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    Plasma in Cancer Treatment (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036512099 , 9783036512082
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (358 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: In the last decade, research on cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has significantly advanced our understanding of the effect of CAP on cancer cells and their potential for cancer treatment. This effect is due to the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) created by plasma. This has been demonstrated for different cancer cell lines and the first clinical trials showed promising results. In addition, plasma could be combined with other treatments—such as immunotherapy—to boost its anticancer activity. The addition of new research tools to study the response of cancer cells to CAP—such as 3D in vitro, in ovo, and in vivo models and in silico approaches—as well as the use of -OMICS technologies could aid in unravelling the underlying mechanisms of CAP in cancer treatment. In order to progress towards widespread clinical application of CAP, an integrated study of the multidimensional effect of CAP in cancer treatment is essential. In this book, reviews and original research papers are published that provide new insights into the mechanisms of cold atmospheric plasma in cancer treatment, based on in vitro and in vivo experiments, clinical studies, as well as computer modeling
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    Modularity and Twinning in Mineral Crystal Structures (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036519173 , 9783036519166
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (90 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning
    Abstract: The articles published in this Special Issue reprint offer a sound update of research fields where the concepts of modular crystallography are important and provide unique keys to understand and to solve problems of structural crystallography. Polytypism, polysomatism, and twinning are fertile fields of research, and their basic principles—often coupled with the OD (order-disorder) theory—are powerful tools to solve and classify related crystal structures. Research on twinning and its consequences on structure and properties of crystalline materials is cutting-edge, e.g., dealing with relations between twin walls and piezoelectricity
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    Advanced Materials, Structures and Processing Technologies Based on Pulsed Laser (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036527031 , 9783036527024
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (83 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Pulsed lasers are lasers with a single laser pulse width of less than 0.25 s, operating only once in every certain time interval. Commonly used pulsed lasers are nanosecond, femtosecond, and picosecond lasers. A pulsed laser produces short pulses with a short interaction time with the material, which can largely avoid impact on the thermal movement of molecules and has a minimal thermal impact on the surrounding materials, thus having significant advantages in precision microfabrication. It is now widely used in flexible electronics, chips, medicine, and other fields, such as photographic resin curing, microwelding, vision correction, heart stent manufacturing, etc. However, as an emerging processing technology, the application prospects of pulsed lasers have yet to be fully expanded, and there is still a need to continuously explore the mechanisms of interaction with materials, to manufacture advanced functional structures, and to develop advanced process technologies
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    Sphingolipids : From Pathology to Therapeutic Perspectives - A Themed Honorary Issue to Prof. Lina Obeid (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783039439577 , 9783039439584
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (292 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Although sphingolipids are ubiquitous components of cellular membranes, their abundance in cells is generally lower than glycerolipids or cholesterol, representing less than 20% of total lipid mass. Following their discovery in the brain—which contains the largest amounts of sphingolipids in the body—and first description in 1884 by J.L.W. Thudichum, sphingolipids have been overlooked for almost a century, perhaps due to their complexity and enigmatic nature. When sphingolipidoses were discovered, a series of inherited diseases caused by enzyme mutations involved in sphingolipid degradation returned to the limelight. The essential breakthrough came decades later, in the 1990s, with the discovery that sphingolipids were not just structural elements of cellular membranes but intra- and extracellular signaling molecules. It turned out that their lipid backbones, including ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate, had selective physiological functions. Thus, sphingolipids emerged as essential players in several pathologies including cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, and autoimmune diseases. The present volume reflects upon the unexpectedly eclectic functions of sphingolipids in health, disease, and therapy. This fascinating lipid class will continue to be the subject of up-and-coming future discoveries, especially with regard to new therapeutic strategies
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    Photoactive Materials: Synthesis, Applications and Technology (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036509587 , 9783036509594
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Technology: general issues
    Abstract: This book presents a collection of 13 original research articles that focus on the science of light–matter interaction. This area of science has been led to some the greatest accomplishments of the past 100 years, with the discovery of materials that perform useful operations by collecting light or generating light from an outside stimulus. These materials are at the center of a multitude of technologies that have permeated our daily life; every day we rely on quantum well lasers for telecommunication, organic light emitting diodes for our displays, complementary metal–oxide–semiconductors for our camera detectors, and of course a plethora of new photovoltaic cells that harvest sunlight to satisfy our energy needs. In this book, top-rated researchers present their latest findings in the field of nano-particles, plasmonics, semi-conductors, magneto-optics, and holography
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    Sensors for Vital Signs Monitoring (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036517667 , 9783036517650
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (141 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Energy industries & utilities
    Abstract: Sensor technology for monitoring vital signs is an important topic for various service applications, such as entertainment and personalization platforms and Internet of Things (IoT) systems, as well as traditional medical purposes, such as disease indication judgments and predictions. Vital signs for monitoring include respiration and heart rates, body temperature, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, electrocardiogram, blood glucose concentration, brain waves, etc. Gait and walking length can also be regarded as vital signs because they can indirectly indicate human activity and status. Sensing technologies include contact sensors such as electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), photoplethysmogram (PPG), non-contact sensors such as ballistocardiography (BCG), and invasive/non-invasive sensors for diagnoses of variations in blood characteristics or body fluids. Radar, vision, and infrared sensors can also be useful technologies for detecting vital signs from the movement of humans or organs. Signal processing, extraction, and analysis techniques are important in industrial applications along with hardware implementation techniques. Battery management and wireless power transmission technologies, the design and optimization of low-power circuits, and systems for continuous monitoring and data collection/transmission should also be considered with sensor technologies. In addition, machine-learning-based diagnostic technology can be used for extracting meaningful information from continuous monitoring data
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    Recent Trends in Coatings and Thin Film–Modeling and Application (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036510149 , 9783036510156
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (508 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Over the past four decades, there has been increased attention given to the research of fluid mechanics due to its wide application in industry and phycology. Major advances in the modeling of key topics such Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids and thin film flows have been made and finally published in the Special Issue of coatings. This is an attempt to edit the Special Issue into a book. Although this book is not a formal textbook, it will definitely be useful for university teachers, research students, industrial researchers and in overcoming the difficulties occurring in the said topic, while dealing with the nonlinear governing equations. For such types of equations, it is often more difficult to find an analytical solution or even a numerical one. This book has successfully handled this challenging job with the latest techniques. In addition, the findings of the simulation are logically realistic and meet the standard of sufficient scientific value
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    Advances in Eating Disorders (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036505169 , 9783036505176
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (348 p.)
    Keywords: Humanities ; Social interaction
    Abstract: Eating disorders (ED) are a group of mental disorders characterized by an altered food intake and the presence of inappropriate behaviors and thoughts about weight and shape. All EDs lead to physical and psychosocial functioning impairments in the patients which, in turn, may contribute to the persistence of the disease. The severity of EDs has been highlighted by their chronicity, medical complications, comorbidity, and high rates of mortality. Therefore, to address this important health issue, the current Special Issue collected 21 articles (i.e., three reviews and 18 research articles) focusing on the most recent and relevant scientific findings regarding advances in ED, such as genetic and epigenetic factors, biomarkers, comorbidity, clinical phenotypes, neurocognition, treatment predictors, and treatment models and therapeutic targets. Altogether, we believe that the articles contained in this Special Issue have largely achieved the initial objective of providing increased knowledge about the pathogenesis, the risk factors, the maintenance factors, and the most appropriate treatments tools for ED
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    Sea Surface Temperature: From Observation to Applications (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036526003 , 9783036526010
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Environmental economics
    Abstract: This book covers a broad range of sea surface temperature studies from very different points of view and scales; the SST is observed from very local to regional and oceanic scales. The chapters of this book move from local and remote data sensing validation to local and regional trend analysis, and also give some insight into marine heatwaves and future climate scenarios
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    Molecular Electronics (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036516257 , 9783036516264
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (138 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: This is a Special Issue on Molecular Electronics which provides an overview of the field and will be useful for both theoreticians and experimentalists. Topics include protein-based electronics, field-induced trans-to-cis isomerisation, phonon thermal conductance, spin-dependent transport, attenuation factors, HOMO-LUMO gap corrections and nanofabrication techniques
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    Contemporary Teacher Education: A Global Perspective (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036516905 , 9783036516899
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Keywords: Humanities ; Education
    Abstract: The research in this Special Issue is an international collection of studies focusing on the current challenges and possibilities in teacher education. The contributors examine teacher education with theoretical and empirical approaches including both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The studies demonstrate that future teachers need high-level ethical and pedagogical skills to cope with the new challenges in education. With a research-based and holistic approach, we can educate good teachers for tomorrow's schools. Contributors to this collection of eleven articles reflect global issues in teacher education originating from Australia, Estonia, Finland, England, Portugal, and Sweden
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    Cares in the Age of Communication: Health Education and Healthy Lifestyles (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036506524 , 9783036506531
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Keywords: Humanities ; Social interaction
    Abstract: Nowadays, the power of internet and social media to share information and connect with others is a reality that has also changed the way people communicate about health information, but also to create and share health information with others. The loss of confidence in health professionals could be dangerous with regard to the diffusion of information about community health and possible alterations of procedures and systems designed to maintain and improve it. So, this situation about the Spreading health education through Social Media requires research and the design of new ways to approach social media users, especially, young people. Initiatives where health professionals must be the main actors and drive the communication initiatives focused on community health with the main goal of recovery the people confidence when they in health issues. Health education has an important challenge in front of all healthcare providers in multiple aspects of caring. Patients and people concerns about self-cares must be addressed and every one of us is an agent for change. This Special Issue collects 11 research studies focused to the promotion of health and healthy lifestyles through adequate communication strategies
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    Sports Performance and Health (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036512587 , 9783036512594
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (252 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Sports performance is primarily associated with elite sport, however, recreational athletes are increasingly attempting to emulate elite athletes. Performance optimization is distinctly multidisciplinary. Optimized training concepts and the use of state-of-the-art technologies are crucial for improving performance. However, sports performance enhancement is in constant conflict with the protection of athletes’ health. Notwithstanding the known positive effects of physical activity on health, the prevention and management of sports injuries remain major challenges to be addressed. Accordingly, this Special Issue on "Sports Performance and Health" consists of 17 original research papers, one review paper, and one commentary, and covers a wide range of topics related to fatigue, movement asymmetries, optimization of sports performance by training, technique, and/or tactics enhancements, prevention and management of sports injuries, optimization of sports equipment to increase performance and/or decrease the risk of injury, and innovations for sports performance, health, and load monitoring. As this Special Issue offers several new insights and multidisciplinary perspectives on sports performance and health, readers from around the world who work in these areas are expected to benefit from this Special Issue collection
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    Photovoltaic and Wind Energy Conversion Systems (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036508443 , 9783036508450
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (174 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Technology: general issues
    Abstract: In the first decades of the current millennium, the contribution of photovoltaic and wind energy systems to power generation capacity has grown extraordinarily all around the world; in some countries, these systems have become two of the most relevant sources to meet the needs of energy supply. This Special Issue deals with all aspects of the development, implementation, and exploitation of systems and installations that operate with both sources of energy
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    Marine Natural Products with Antifouling Activity (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036521459 , 9783036521466
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (158 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Marine fouling affects most man-made surfaces temporarily or permanently immersed in the sea, causing important economic costs. Intense research is aimed at methods for preventing or reducing fouling development. The most widespread solution to inhibit fouling is to make surfaces unsuitable for settlers by coating them with antifouling paints containing toxic compounds. Most such antifouling agents give undesirable effects on nontarget species, including commercially important ones. The search for new nontoxic antifouling technologies has become a necessity, particularly after the ban of organotin compounds such as tributyltin (TBT), once the most widespread and used antifouling agent. Alternative organic and metal-based biocides are now used in antifouling paints, but their possible toxic effects on the aquatic environment are not yet fully understood. A nontoxic alternative for antifouling protection comes from the possibility of adopting natural antifouling compounds that are and may be found in marine sessile invertebrates like sponges, bryozoans, corals, and tunicates and in marine microorganisms. Such metabolites can prevent their producers from being fouled on by other organisms or be responsible for specific metabolic functions that may interfere with biofouling species adhesion. As natural marine compounds, they may inhibit settlement through a nontoxic mechanism without adverse effects to the environment. Such compounds could be developed into active ingredients of new antifouling coatings. So far, a rather limited number of natural products antifoulants (NPAs) has been isolated from marine organisms, but a huge reservoir of compounds with potential antifouling activity is hidden in marine organisms. The Special Issue on Marine Natural Products with Antifouling Activity aims at the discovery of such compounds their activity, toxicity and potential application in environmentally friendly antifouling coatings
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    Host Immune Responses and Pathogenesis to Brucella spp. Infection (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036524184 , 9783036524191
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (162 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Brucellosis, caused by the facultative intracellular bacteria Brucella species, is one the most prevalent zoonosis worldwide. • The articles described in this book report several aspects of host-Brucella interactions. • The findings described here will help to advance in the comprehension of bacterial pathogenesis and contribute to the future development of drugs or vaccines to control brucellosis
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    Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia : Recent Advances and Future Challenges (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036505909 , 9783036505916
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (228 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an inherited disease that affects the blood vessels, and is characterized by direct connections between arteries and veins with no intervening capillaries. These abnormal vessels may appear in the skin as tiny red dilated blood vessels in the mouth, lips, fingers and toes. The presence of these vascular lesions in the mucosa can lead to spontaneous and recurrent nose bleeding, typically beginning in mid-childhood, and this is the most common clinical manifestation of HHT, occurring in over 90% of patients. Gastrointestinal bleeding, derived from mucocutaneous vascular lesions, affects approximately 25% of patients, almost always presenting after the age of 50. Chronic nasal and gastrointestinal bleeding can cause iron-deficiency anemia, and current therapeutic strategies are trying to minimize iron and blood transfusions. HHT patients also present large vascular lesions, known as arteriovenous malformations, that occur in internal organs like lungs, liver, and brain, and may result in life-threatening complications often related to the shunting of blood. This book not only highlights the current knowledge regarding diagnosis and treatment of HHT, but also the newest insights in the molecular basis of HHT, the understanding of which is essential for the development of new medicines or therapeutic strategies
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    A Systems Approach for River and River Basin Restoration (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039436316 , 9783039436323
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (204 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Communities increasingly find that the water quality, water levels, or some other resource indicator in their river basins do not meet their expectations. This discrepancy between the desired and actual state of the resource leads to efforts in river basin restoration. River basins are complex systems, and too often, restoration efforts are ineffective due to a lack of understanding of the purpose of the system, defined by the system structure and function. The river basin structure includes stocks (e.g., water level or quality), inflows (e.g., precipitation or fertilization), outflows (e.g., evaporation or runoff), and positive and negative feedback loops with delays in responsiveness, all of which function to change or stabilize the state of the system (e.g., the stock of interest, such as water level or quality). External drivers on this structure, together with goals and rules, contribute to how a river basin functions. This book reviews several new research projects to identify and rank the twelve most effective leverage points to address discrepancies between the desired and actual state of the river basin system. This book demonstrates that river basin restoration is most likely to succeed when we change paradigms rather than try to change the system elements, as the paradigm will establish the system goals, structure, rules, delays, and parameters
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    Ion and Molecule Transport in Membrane Systems (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036513591 , 9783036513607
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (368 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Membranes play an enormous role in our life. Biological cell membranes control the fluxes of substances in and out of cells. Artificial membranes are widely used in numerous applications including “green” separation processes in chemistry, agroindustry, biology, medicine; they are used as well in energy generation from renewable sources. They largely mimic the structure and functions of biological membranes. The similarity in the structure leads to the similarity in the properties and the approaches to study the laws governing the behavior of both biological and artificial membranes. In this book, some physico-chemical and chemico-physical aspects of the structure and behavior of biological and artificial membranes are investigated
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    Process Modeling in Pyrometallurgical Engineering (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036506548 , 9783036506555
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (642 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: The Special Issue presents almost 40 papers on recent research in modeling of pyrometallurgical systems, including physical models, first-principles models, detailed CFD and DEM models as well as statistical models or models based on machine learning. The models cover the whole production chain from raw materials processing through the reduction and conversion unit processes to ladle treatment, casting, and rolling. The papers illustrate how models can be used for shedding light on complex and inaccessible processes characterized by high temperatures and hostile environment, in order to improve process performance, product quality, or yield and to reduce the requirements of virgin raw materials and to suppress harmful emissions
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    Metal Additive Manufacturing – State of the Art 2020 (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036513249 , 9783036513232
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Additive Manufacturing (AM), more popularly known as 3D printing, is transforming the industry. AM of metal components with virtually no geometric limitations has enabled new product design options and opportunities, increased product performance, shorter cycle time in part production, total cost reduction, shortened lead time, improved material efficiency, more sustainable products and processes, full circularity in the economy, and new revenue streams. This Special Issue of Metals gives an up-to-date account of the state of the art in AM
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    Leaving a Violent Relationship (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036504223 , 9783036504230
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (134 p.)
    Keywords: Psychology
    Abstract: Intimate partner violence (IPV), defined as physical, sexual, emotional, and economic abuse and controlling behaviors inflicted within intimate partner relationships, is a global crisis that extends beyond national and sociocultural boundaries, affecting people of all ages, religions, ethnicities, and economic backgrounds. Though studies exist that seek to explain how people become trapped within violent relationships and what factors facilitate survival, escape and safety, this book provides fresh insights into this complex and multifaceted issue. People often ask of women in abusive relationships “why does she stay?” Critics suggest that this question carries implicit notions of victim blame and fails to hold to account the perpetrators of abuse. The studies described in this book, however, explore the question from the perspectives of survivors and represent a shift away from individual pathology to an approach based on the recognition of structural oppression, agency and resilience. Comprising eight chapters, new theoretical frameworks for the analysis of IPV are provided to guide practitioners and policy makers in improving services for vulnerable people in abusive relationships, and a range of studies into the experiences of a diverse range of survivors, including mothers in Portugal, women who experienced child marriage in Uganda, and refugees in the United States of America, generate findings which elucidate perspectives from marginalised and under-researched groups
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    Information Bottleneck : Theory and Applications in Deep Learning (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036508023 , 9783036508030
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (274 p.)
    Keywords: Information technology industries
    Abstract: The celebrated information bottleneck (IB) principle of Tishby et al. has recently enjoyed renewed attention due to its application in the area of deep learning. This collection investigates the IB principle in this new context. The individual chapters in this collection: • provide novel insights into the functional properties of the IB; • discuss the IB principle (and its derivates) as an objective for training multi-layer machine learning structures such as neural networks and decision trees; and • offer a new perspective on neural network learning via the lens of the IB framework. Our collection thus contributes to a better understanding of the IB principle specifically for deep learning and, more generally, of information–theoretic cost functions in machine learning. This paves the way toward explainable artificial intelligence
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    Host-Pathogen Interactions: Insects vs Fungi (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036510644 , 9783036510651
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (174 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Although many insects successfully live in dangerous environments exposed to diverse communities of microbes, they are often exploited and killed by specialist pathogens. In the process of the co-evolution of insects and entomopathogenic microorganisms, they develop various adaptive systems that determine the sustainable existence of dynamic host–parasite interactions at both the organismic and population levels
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    Operationalization of Remote Sensing Solutions for Sustainable Forest Management (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036509822 , 9783036509839
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (296 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: The great potential of remote sensing technologies for operational use in sustainable forest management is addressed in this book, which is the reprint of papers published in the Remote Sensing Special Issue “Operationalization of Remote Sensing Solutions for Sustainable Forest Management”. The studies come from three continents and cover multiple remote sensing systems (including terrestrial mobile laser scanning, unmanned aerial vehicles, airborne laser scanning, and satellite data acquisition) and a diversity of data processing algorithms, with a focus on machine learning approaches. The focus of the studies ranges from identification and characterization of individual trees to deriving national- or even continental-level forest attributes and maps. There are studies carefully describing exercises on the case study level, and there are also studies introducing new methodologies for transdisciplinary remote sensing applications. Even though most of the authors look forward to continuing their research, nearly all studies introduced are ready for operational use or have already been implemented in practical forestry
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    Applications of Internet of Things (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036511924 , 9783036511931
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (162 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: This book introduces the Special Issue entitled “Applications of Internet of Things”, of ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. Topics covered in this issue include three main parts: (I) intelligent transportation systems (ITSs), (II) location-based services (LBSs), and (III) sensing techniques and applications. Three papers on ITSs are as follows: (1) “Vehicle positioning and speed estimation based on cellular network signals for urban roads,” by Lai and Kuo; (2) “A method for traffic congestion clustering judgment based on grey relational analysis,” by Zhang et al.; and (3) “Smartphone-based pedestrian’s avoidance behavior recognition towards opportunistic road anomaly detection,” by Ishikawa and Fujinami. Three papers on LBSs are as follows: (1) “A high-efficiency method of mobile positioning based on commercial vehicle operation data,” by Chen et al.; (2) “Efficient location privacy-preserving k-anonymity method based on the credible chain,” by Wang et al.; and (3) “Proximity-based asynchronous messaging platform for location-based Internet of things service,” by Gon Jo et al. Two papers on sensing techniques and applications are as follows: (1) “Detection of electronic anklet wearers’ groupings throughout telematics monitoring,” by Machado et al.; and (2) “Camera coverage estimation based on multistage grid subdivision,” by Wang et al
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    Advances in Molecular Simulation (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036527109 , 9783036527116
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (288 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Molecular simulations are commonly used in physics, chemistry, biology, material science, engineering, and even medicine. This book provides a wide range of molecular simulation methods and their applications in various fields. It reflects the power of molecular simulation as an effective research tool. We hope that the presented results can provide an impetus for further fruitful studies
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    Progress on Nutrient Composition, Meat Standardization and Grading, Processing and Safety in Different Types of Meat Sources (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036525426 , 9783036525433
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (218 p.)
    Abstract: The alleged responsibility of meats and processed meat products for some of our population’s major health issues has created an opportunity for the promotion of meat analogs. This emerging competition forces the need for changes in livestock production systems for improving nutritive value and obtaining healthier and safer meat products. The morbidity and mortality attributed to Salmonella and other pathogens remain a public health issue. Hence, there is an urgent need for developing intervention technologies to control such pathogens. Beef is packaged with an array of healthy nutrients and is the highest valued livestock product. However, staples (e.g., pork, poultry) and some co-products can also be nutrient dense and/or provide a unique sensory experience with advantageous technological quality. Carcass yield is a major determinant of livestock value. Hence, objective technologies are strongly needed to effectively segregate the heterogeneous supply of carcasses into homogeneous groups in yield of cuts. Not all meats are created equal, and differences in their intrinsic characteristics may be expected when they are produced in different regions and under diverse production schemes. Nevertheless, reports aiming to characterize meats originated from different zones (e.g., tropical latitudes) are scarce. This Special Issue of Foods, “Progress on Nutrient Composition, Meat Standardization, Grading, Processing, and Safety for Different Types of Meat Sources”, comprising fourteen peer-reviewed papers, is now being released as a book that will serve as an invaluable reference in addressing the current dearth of knowledge regarding the aforementioned topics, and is also envisaged to serve in updating food scientists and stakeholders of the meat value chain globally
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    Magnesium and Microelements in Older Persons (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036514123 , 9783036514116
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (165 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: In recent years, the interest in magnesium and in microelements in older people has exponentially increased. The deficiency of either magnesium and microelements, in fact, is associated with several negative outcomes in older people. Therefore, in this book, we decided to report the most novel and important research findings regarding these important topics. In particular, authoritative authors in the field of nutritional research in older people reported their experience in magnesium research, including articles on metabolic and cardiovascular aspects of magnesium deficiency. Moreover, we speculated the importance of magnesium in infectious diseases, including COVID-19. In this book, we also report some important findings regarding other microelements, such as iron and sodium or potassium, extremely important in older people
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    Atmospheric Heavy Metal and Nitrogen Deposition Using Mosses as Biomonitors (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036515724 , 9783036515717
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (108 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Environmental economics ; Pollution control
    Abstract: The Special Issue “Atmospheric Heavy Metal and Nitrogen Deposition Using Mosses as Biomonitors” includes a collection of papers related on aspects of passive moss biomonitoring of air quality in various regions of the world regarding the pollution sources of potentially toxic elements, heavy metal air pollution in the lockdown period due to the COVID-19 pandemic, trends in element atmospheric deposition, and relevance for ecological integrity and human health. Most of the studies were carried out in the framework of the International Cooperative Program on Effects of Air Pollution on Natural Vegetation and Crops (ICP Vegetation) of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)
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    Marine Natural Products as Anticancer Agents (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036518206 , 9783036518190
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Cancer remains one of the most significant threats to human health and one of the deadliest diseases worldwide, making it crucial to develop new drugs. Over the last few decades, natural products have become one of the key drivers in the development of innovative cancer treatments. Despite drug development from terrestrial resources, the marine environment only recently emerged as a prolific source of unparalleled structurally active metabolites. Due to their excellent scaffold diversity, structural complexity, and ability to act on multiple cell signaling networks involved in carcinogenesis, marine natural products (MNPs) are ideal candidates to inspire the development of novel anticancer medicines. This book gathers nine publications of the Special Issue "Marine Natural Products as Anticancer Agents," providing an excellent overview of the chemical richness offered by marine organisms, such as sponges, myxobacteria, fungi, and soft corals. MNPs or derived products belong to distinct chemical classes, including terpenoids, alkaloids, cyclodepsipeptides, polyketides, and hydroxyphenylacetic acid derivatives. These compounds modulate cancer cell mechanisms in in vitro and in vivo models, exhibiting high specificity and great affinity to interact with biological targets linked to specific intracellular signaling pathways, including mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress induction, apoptosis, inflammation, migration, and invasion. This volume provides an exciting overview of marine natural products as potential therapeutic agents for cancer treatment
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    Integrated Water Resources Research : Advancements in Understanding to Improve Future Sustainability (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036502281 , 9783036502298
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (364 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Anthropogenic and natural disturbances to freshwater quantity and quality are a greater issue for society than ever before. To successfully restore water resources requires understanding the interactions between hydrology, climate, land use, water quality, ecology, and social and economic pressures. This Special Issue of Water includes cutting edge research broadly addressing investigative areas related to experimental study designs and modeling, freshwater pollutants of concern, and human dimensions of water use and management. Results demonstrate the immense, globally transferable value of the experimental watershed approach, the relevance and critical importance of current integrated studies of pollutants of concern, and the imperative to include human sociological and economic processes in water resources investigations. In spite of the latest progress, as demonstrated in this Special Issue, managers remain insufficiently informed to make the best water resource decisions amidst combined influences of land use change, rapid ongoing human population growth, and changing environmental conditions. There is, thus, a persistent need for further advancements in integrated and interdisciplinary research to improve the scientific understanding, management, and future sustainability of water resources
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    Applications of Finite Element Modeling for Mechanical and Mechatronic Systems (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036515557 , 9783036515564
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (392 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Modern engineering practice requires advanced numerical modeling because, among other things, it reduces the costs associated with prototyping or predicting the occurrence of potentially dangerous situations during operation in certain defined conditions. Thus far, different methods have been used to implement the real structure into the numerical version. The most popular uses have been variations of the finite element method (FEM). The aim of this Special Issue has been to familiarize the reader with the latest applications of the FEM for the modeling and analysis of diverse mechanical problems. Authors are encouraged to provide a concise description of the specific application or a potential application of the Special Issue
    Note: English
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 98
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    Advances in Autism Research (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036501628 , 9783036501635
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (400 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Neurosciences
    Abstract: This book represents one of the most up-to-date collections of articles on clinical practice and research in the field of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). The scholars who contributed to this book are experts in their field, carrying out cutting edge research in prestigious institutes worldwide (e.g., Harvard Medical School, University of California, MIND Institute, King’s College, Karolinska Institute, and many others). The book addressed many topics, including (1) The COVID-19 pandemic; (2) Epidemiology and prevalence; (3) Screening and early behavioral markers; (4) Diagnostic and phenotypic profile; (5) Treatment and intervention; (6) Etiopathogenesis (biomarkers, biology, and genetic, epigenetic, and risk factors); (7) Comorbidity; (8) Adulthood; and (9) Broader Autism Phenotype (BAP). This book testifies to the complexity of performing research in the field of ASD. The published contributions underline areas of progress and ongoing challenges in which more certain data is expected in the coming years. It would be desirable that experts, clinicians, researchers, and trainees could have the opportunity to read this updated text describing the challenging heterogeneity of Autism Spectrum Disorder
    Note: English
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Nursing and Society (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036517247 , 9783036517230
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (424 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: The year 2020 is considered by the World Health Organization to be the International Year of the Nurse and Midwife. This book supports the visibility of the contribution of nurses to society. We have included 30 articles on high-quality original research or reviews that provide solid new discoveries that expand current knowledge
    Note: English
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Battery Management Systems of Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles (2021)
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036510606 , 9783036510613
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (146 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: The topics of interest in this book include significant challenges in the BMS design of EV/HEV. The equivalent models developed for several types of integrated Li-ion batteries consider the environmental temperature and ageing effects. Different current profiles for testing the robustness of the Kalman filter type estimators of the battery state of charge are used in this book. Additionally, the BMS can integrate a real-time model-based sensor Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI) scheme for a Li-ion cell undergoing degradation, which uses the recursive least squares (RLS) method to estimate the equivalent circuit model (ECM) parameters. This book will fully meet the demands of a large community of readers and specialists working in the field due to its attractiveness and scientific content with a great openness to the side of practical applicability. This covers various interesting aspects, especially related to the characterization of commercial batteries, diagnosis and optimization of their performance, experimental testing and statistical analysis, thermal modelling, and implementation of the most suitable Kalman filter type estimators of high accuracy to estimate the state of charge
    Note: English
    URL: kostenfrei
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
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