Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • 1975-1979  (326)
  • 1965-1969  (271)
  • Dordrecht : Springer  (368)
  • London : Cass  (213)
Material
Language
Years
Year
  • 101
    ISBN: 0714630802
    Language: English
    Pages: XI, 253 S.
    DDC: 320.53209624
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 102
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400999091
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (480p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Episteme, A Series in the Foundational, Methodological, Philosophical, Psychological, Sociological, and Political Aspects of the Sciences, Pure and Applied 7
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Physics—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: 1 / Background -- 1.0.1 Greek Geometry and Philosophy -- 1.0.2 Geometry in Greek Natural Science -- 1.0.3 Modern Science and the Metaphysical Idea of Space -- 1.0.4 Descartes’ Method of Coordinates -- 2 / Non-Euclidean Geometries -- 2.1 Parallels -- 2.2 Manifolds -- 2.3 Projective Geometry and Projective Metrics -- 3 / Foundations -- 3.1 Helmholtz’s Problem of Space -- 3.2 Axiomatics -- 4 / Empiricism, Apriorism, Conventionalism -- 4.1 Empiricism in Geometry -- 4.2 The Uproar of Boeotians -- 4.3 Russell’s Apriorism of 1897 -- 4.4 Henri Poincaré -- 1. Mappings -- 2. Algebraic Structures. Groups -- 3. Topologies -- 4. Differentiable Manifolds -- Notes -- To Chapter 1 -- To Chapter 2 -- 2.1 -- 2.2 -- 2.3 -- To Chapter 3 -- 3.1 -- 3.2 -- To Chapter 4 -- 4.1 -- 4.2 -- 4.3 -- 4.4 -- References.
    Abstract: Geometry has fascinated philosophers since the days of Thales and Pythagoras. In the 17th and 18th centuries it provided a paradigm of knowledge after which some thinkers tried to pattern their own metaphysical systems. But after the discovery of non-Euclidean geometries in the 19th century, the nature and scope of geometry became a bone of contention. Philosophical concern with geometry increased in the 1920's after Einstein used Riemannian geometry in his theory of gravitation. During the last fifteen or twenty years, renewed interest in the latter theory -prompted by advances in cosmology -has brought geometry once again to the forefront of philosophical discussion. The issues at stake in the current epistemological debate about geometry can only be understood in the light of history, and, in fact, most recent works on the subject include historical material. In this book, I try to give a selective critical survey of modern philosophy of geometry during its seminal period, which can be said to have begun shortly after 1850 with Riemann's generalized conception of space and to achieve some sort of completion at the turn of the century with Hilbert's axiomatics and Poincare's conventionalism. The philosophy of geometry of Einstein and his contemporaries will be the subject of another book. The book is divided into four chapters. Chapter 1 provides back­ ground information about the history of science and philosophy.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 103
    ISBN: 9789400998605
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (396p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 124
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I. Semantics of Natural Language -- Grammar and Meaning -- Sense and Science -- Variable-Free Semantics for Negations with Prosodic Variation -- Informational Independence in Tntensional Context -- II. Mathematical Logic -- A Note on Distributive Normal Forms -- On the Metaphysics of the Real Line -- A Generalization of the Infinitely Deep Languages of Hintikka and Rantala -- III. Applications of Formal Methods -- On the Possibilities of Information Evaluation of Graphical Communications -- On Formal Aspects of Distributive Justice -- Some Reflections on Method in the Theory of Social Choice -- IV. Philosophical Logic -- A Problem about Permission -- Possible Worlds and Formal Semantics -- Continuity and Similarity in Cross-Identification -- V. Epistemology -- Serious Possibility -- On Knowing, Knowing that One Knows and Consciousness -- Knowing that One Sees -- VI. Philosophical Aesthetics -- Anything Viewed -- VII. History of Philosophy -- The ‘Master Argument’ of Diodorus -- Plato in infinitum remisse incipit esse albus -- A Problem for Kant -- Subjects, Predicates, Isomorphic Representation, and Language Games -- Husserl and Heidegger on the Role of Actions in the Constitution of the World -- Index of Names -- Tabula Gratulatoria.
    Abstract: Jaakko Hintikka was born on January 12th, 1929. He received his doctorate from the University of Helsinki under the supervision of Professor G. H. von Wright at the age of 24 in 1953. Hintikka was appointed Professor of philosophy at the University of Helsinki in 1959. Since the late 50s, he has shared his time between Finland and the U.S.A. He was appointed Professor of philosophy at Stanford University in 1964. As from 1970 Hintikka has been permanent research professor of the Academy of Finland. He has published 13 books and about 200 articles, not to mention the various editorial and organizational activities he has played an active role in. The present collection of essays has been edited to honour Jaakko Hintikka on the occasion of his fiftieth birthday. By dedicating a Festschrift to Jaakko Hintikka, the contributors wish to pay homage to this remarkable man whom they see not only as a scholar of prodigious energy and insight, but as a friend, colleague and former teacher. The contributors hope the essays collected here will bring pleasure to the man they are intended to honour. All of the essays touch upon topics Hintikka has taken an direct or indirect interest in, ranging from technical problems of mathematical logic and applications of formal methods through philosophical logic, philosophy of language, epistemology and history of philosophy to philosophical aesthetics.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 104
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400998667
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (426p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 58
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 58
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Objective Criteria of Scientific Progress? Inductivism, Falsificationism, and Relativism -- I: The LSE Position -- The Popperian Approach to Scientific Knowledge -- The Ways in Which the Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes Improves on Popper’s Methodology -- ‘Crucial’ Experiments: A Case Study -- The Objective Promise of a Research Programme -- II: Reflections on the LSE Position -- Popper vs Inductivism -- In Defence of Aristotle: Comments on the Condition of Content Increase -- Evidential Support, Falsification, Heuristics, and Anarchism -- Science and the Search for Truth -- Philosophy of Science and Its Rational Reconstructions -- Towards a New Theory of Scientific Inquiry -- Some Critical Comments on Current Popperianism on the Basis of a Theory of System Sets -- The Problem of Verisimilitude -- Objectivism vs Sociologism -- III: The LSE Reply -- Research Programmes, Empirical Support, and the Duhem Problem: Replies to Criticism -- Corroboration and the Problem of Content-Comparison -- Unified Bibliography for Parts I And III -- IV: Two Brief Rejoinders -- The Gong Show — Popperian Style -- Reply to Watkins -- Biographical Notes -- Author Index.
    Abstract: This collection of essays has evolved through the co-operative efforts, which began in the fall of 1974, of the participants in a workshop sponsored by the Fritz Thyssen Foundation. The idea of holding one or more small colloquia devoted to the topics of rational choice in science and scientific progress originated in a conversation in the summer of 1973 between one of the editors (GR) and the late Imre Lakatos. Unfortunately Lakatos himself was never able to see this project through, but his thought-provoking methodology of scientific research programmes was ably expounded and defended by his successors. Indeed, this volume continues and deepens the debate inaugurated in Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge (edited by Imre Lakatos and Alan Musgrave), a book which grew out of a conference held in 1965. That debate has continued during the years that have passed since that conference. The group of discussions about the place of rationality in science which have been held between those who emphasize the history of science (with Feyerabend and Kuhn as the most prominent exponents) and the critical rationalists (Popper and his followers), with Imre Lakatos defending a middle ground, these discussions were seen by almost all commentators as the most important event in the philosophy of science in the last decade. This problem area constituted the central theme of our Thyssen workshop. The workshop operated in the following manner.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 105
    ISBN: 9789401094313
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (416p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, An International Series in the Philosophy and Methodology of the Social and Behavioral Sciences 15
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library 15
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Social sciences Methodology ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Abstract: 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Do Scientists Need Epistemology? -- 1.2 Towards a Philosophy of Applied Science -- 1.3 Management Science and the Philosophy of Applied Science -- 1.4 Conclusion -- 2 Systems Analysis as a Tool of Philosophical Investigation -- 2.1 In Need of an Expanded Analytical Superstructure -- 2.2 The Essence of the Systems Approach -- 2.3 Incorporating and Externalizing Value Judgements -- 2.4 The Method of Neutralizing Systems -- 2.5 Management Science as a System: Normative or Positive? -- 2.6 Reduction of Value Judgements -- 2.7 Institutionalized Facts as Values -- 2.8 Institutions as Systems -- 3 Philosophy and Evolution of Logic from a Systems Point of View -- 3.1 Some Ontological Considerations -- 3.2 On the Nature of Logic -- 3.3 Historical Development of Modern Logic -- 3.4 Some Highlights in the Evolution of Semantics -- 4 Modern Deductive Logic -- 4.1 Sentence Logic or the Theory of Truth Functions -- 4.2 Predicate Logic -- 4.3 Multivalued and Modal Logic -- 4.4 Imperative Arguments and Deontic Modalities -- 5 The Controversy Around Inductive Logic -- 5.1 Essence and Early Evolution of Induction -- 5.2 Modern Views on Induction -- 5.3 Probability and Its Interpretation -- 5.4 Conclusion -- 6 Decision Theory and the Economists’ Methodological Endeavors -- 6.1 An Appraisal of Carnap’s Inductive Logic -- 6.2 Formal Decision Theory and Its Evolution -- 6.3 Information Economics as an Extension of Decision Theory -- 6.4 Episterno-Economics -- 6.5 Other Methodological Explorations by Economists -- 7 Philosophy of Science and the Systems Approach -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Epistemology: The Received View -- 7.3 Reaction and Alternatives -- 7.4 The Systems Approach, Its Criticism, and Its Potential -- 7.5 Systems Approach as a Methodology -- Dictionaries, Encyclopedias, and Indices -- Some Journals of Philosophy, Applied and Social Sciences -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: This book has been written primarily for the applied and social scientist and student who longs for an integrated picture of the foundations on which his research must ultimately rest; but hopefully the book may also serve philosophers interested in applied disciplines and in systems methodology. If integration was the major motto, the need for a method­ ology, appropriate to the teleological peculiarities of all applied sciences, was the main impetus behind the conception of the present work. This need I felt a long time ago in my own area of analytical and empirical research in accounting theory and management science; later I had the opportunity to teach, for almost a decade, graduate seminars in Methodology which offered particular insight into the methodological needs of students of such applied disciplines as business administration, education, engineering, infor­ matics, etc. Out of this effort grew the present book which among other things tries, on one side, to illuminate the difference and relationship between methods of cognition and methods of decision and on the other, to sketch a framework suitable for depicting means-end relationships in a holistic setting. I believe that a systems methodology which incorporates recent endeavours of deontic logic, decision theory, information economics and related areas would be eminently suited to break the ground for such a future framework. Yet systems theory has two major shortcomings which might prevent it from evolving into the desired methodology of applied science.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 106
    ISBN: 9789400997615
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (518p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Vienna Circle Collection 4a
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; History ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Memories of Hans Reichenbach -- 1. Autobiographical Sketches for Academic Purposes -- 2. Memories of Wendeli Erné, Hans Reichenbach’s Sister -- 3. At the End of School Days: A Look Backward and a Look Forward (1909) -- 4. Letter from Reichenbach to His Four Years Older Brother Bernhard -- 5. From a letter of Bernhard Reichenbach to Maria Reichenbach (1975) -- 6. Memories of Ilse Reichenbach, Hans Reichenbach’s Sister-in-Law -- 7. Memories of Uncle Hans: Nino Erné -- 8. Hans’ Speech at the Funeral of His Father -- 9. Aphorisms of a Docent Formally Admitted to Teach at a University (1924) -- 10. University Student: Carl Landauer -- 11. University Student: Hilde Landauer -- 12. Memories of Hans Reichenbach, 1928 and Later: Sidney Hook -- 13. A Young University Teacher [from a letter of Carl Hempel to Maria Reichenbach, March 21, 1976] -- 14. A Professor in Turkey, 1936: Memories of Matild Kamber -- 15. Concerning Reichenbach’s Appointment to the University of California at Los Angeles: Charles Morris -- 16. Memories of Hans Reichenbach: Rudolf Carnap -- 17. Memories of Hans Reichenbach: Herbert Feigl -- 18. Recollections of Hans Reichenbach: Ernest Nagel -- 19. U.C.L.A.: Donald Kalish -- 20. U.C.L.A.: Paul Wienpahl -- 21. U.C.L.A.: Norman Dalkey -- 22. U.C.L.A.: Hermann F. Schott -- 23. A Blind Student Recalls Hans Reichcnbach: H. G. Burns -- 24. Recollections of Hans Reichenbach: David Brunswick -- 25. U.C.L.A., 1945–1950: Cynthia Schuster -- 26. U.C.L.A., 1949: W. Bruce Taylor -- 27. 1950: Donald A.Wells -- 28. U.C.L.A., 1951–53: Ruth Anna Putnam -- 29. Memories of Hans Reichenbach: Frank Leroi -- 30. Hans Reichenbach’s Definitive Influence on Me: Adolf Grünbaum -- 31. At the Chapel, 1953: Abraham Kaplan -- 32. Hans Reichenbach, a Memoir: Wesley C. Salmon -- 33. Memories of Hans Reichenbach: Maria Reichenbach -- I / Early Writings on Social Problems -- Student Years: Introductory Note to Part I (M.R.) -- 1. The Student (1912–13) -- 2. The Student Body and Catholicism (1912) -- 3. The Free Student Idea: Its Unified Contents (1913) -- 4. Why do we Advocate Physical Culture? (1913) -- 5. The Meaning of University Reform (1914) -- 6. Platform of the Socialist Students’ Party (1918) -- 7. Socializing the University (1918) -- 8. Report of the Socialist Student Party, Berlin and Notes on the Program (1918) -- II / Popular Scientific Articles -- 9. The Nobel Prize for Einstein (1922) -- 10. Relativity Theory in a Matchbox: A Philosophical Dialogue (1922) -- 11. Tycho Brahe’s Sextants (1926) -- 12. The Effects of Einstein’s Theory (1926) -- 13. An Open Letter to the Berlin Funkstunde Corporation (1926) -- 14. Laying the Foundations of Chemistry: The Work of Marcellin Berthelot (1927) -- 15. Memories of Svante Arrhenius (1927) -- 16. A New Model of the Atom (1927) -- 17. On the Death of H. A. Lorentz (1928) -- 18. Philosophy of the Natural Sciences (1928) -- 19. Space and Time: From Kant to Einstein (1928) -- 20. Causality or Probability? (1928) -- 21. The World View of the Exact Sciences (1928) -- 22. New Approaches in Science: Physical Research (1929) -- 23. New Approaches in Science: Philosophical Research (1929) -- 24. New Approaches in Science: Mathematical Research (1929) -- 25. The New Philosophy of Science (1929) -- 26. Einstein’s New Theory (1929) -- 27. Johannes Kepler (1930) -- 28. The Present State of the Sciences: The Exact Natural Sciences (1930) -- 29. One Hundred Against Einstein (1931) -- 30. Is the Human Mind Capable of Giange? (An Interview) (1932) -- III / General Scientific Articles -- 31. Metaphysics and Natural Science (1925) -- 32. Bertrand Russell (1929) -- 33. The Philosophical Significance of Modern Physics (1930) -- 34. The Königsberg Conference on the Epistemology of the Exact Sciences (1930) -- 35. The Problem of Causality in Physics (1931) -- 36. The Physical Concept of Truth (1931) -- 37. Heinrich Scholz’History of Logic (1931) -- 38. Aims and Methods of Modern Philosophy of Nature (1931) -- 39. Kant and Natural Science (1933) -- 40. Carnap’sLogical Structure of the World (1933) -- 41. Theory of Series and Gödel’s Theorems (Sections 17–22) (1948) -- IV / Ethical Analysis -- 42. The Freedom of the Will (1959) -- 43. On the Explication of Ethical Utterances (1959) -- Bibliography of Writings of Hans Reichenbach -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: These two volumes form a full portrait of Hans Reichenbach, from the school boy and university student to the maturing and creative scholar, who was as well an immensely devoted teacher and a gifted popular writer and speaker on science and philosophy. We selected the articles for several reasons. Many of them have not pre­ viously been available in English; many are out of print, either in English or in German; some, especially the early ones, have been little known, and deal with subject-matters other than philosophy of science. The genesis and evolu­ tion of Reichenbach's ideas appeared to be of deep interest, and so we in­ cluded papers from four decades, despite occasional redundancy. We were, for example, pleased to include his extensive review article from the encyclo­ pedic Handbuch der Physik of 1929 on 'The Aims and Methods of Physical Knowledge', written at a time of creative collaboration between Reichenbach's Berlin group and the Vienna Circle of Schlick and Carnap. Reichenbach was a pioneer, opening new pathways to the solution of age-old problems in many fields: space, time, causality, induction and probability - philosophical analysis and interpretation of classical physics, relativity and quantum physics - logic, language, ethics, scientific explanation and methodology, critical appreciation and reconstruction of past metaphysical thinkers and scientists from Plato to Leibniz and Kant. Indeed, his own philosophical journey was initiated by his passage from Kant to anti-Kant.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 107
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400998018
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (314p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 57
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 57
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of mind
    Abstract: General Introduction -- 1. The Theory of Persons Sketched -- One. Mind/Body Identity -- 2. The Relation of Mind and Body -- 3. The Identity Theory -- 4. Radical Materialism -- 5. Materialism without Identity -- Two. Toward a Theory of Persons -- 6. Problems Regarding Persons -- 7. Language Acquisition I: Rationalists vs. Empiricists -- 8. Language Acquisition II: First and Second Languages and the Theory of Thought and Perception -- 9. Propositional Content and the Beliefs of Animals -- 10. Mental States and Sentience -- Three. Sentience and Culture Psychophysical Interaction -- 11. Psychophysical Interaction -- 12. The Nature and Identity of Cultural Entities -- 13. Action and Ideology -- References -- General Index -- Index of References.
    Abstract: Persons and Minds is an inquiry into the possibilities of materialism. Professor Margolis starts his investigation, however, with a critique of the range of contemporary materialist theories, and does not find them viable. None of them, he argues, "can accommodate in a convincing way the most distinctive features of the mental life of men and oflower creatures and the imaginative possibilities of discovery and technology" (p. 8). In an extraordinarily rich analysis, Margolis carefully considers and criticizes mind-body identity theories, physicalism, eliminative materialism, behaviorism, as inadequate precisely in that they are reductive. He argues, then, for ramified concepts of emergence, and embodiment which will sustain a philosophically coherent account both of the distinctive non-natural character of persons and of their being naturally embodied. But Margolis provokes us to ask, what is an em­ bodied mind? The crucial context for him is not the plain physical body as such, but culture. "Persons", he writes, "are in a sense not natural entities: they exist only in cultural contexts and are identifiable as such only by refer­ ence to their mastery of language and of whatever further abilities presuppose such mastery" (p. 245). The hallmark of persons, in Margolis's account, is their capacity for freedom, as well as their physical endowment. Thus he writes, " . . . their characteristic powers - in effect, their freedom - must inform the order of purely physical causes in a distinctive way" (p. 246).
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 108
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400957961
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Chapman and Hall Mathematics Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Optimization problems; introduction -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Transportation network -- 1.3 Production allocation model -- 1.4 Decentralized resource allocation -- 1.5 An inventory model -- 1.6 Control of a rocket -- 1.7 Mathematical formulation -- 1.8 Symbols and conventions -- 1.9 Differentiability -- 1.10 Abstract version of an optimal control problem -- References -- 2 Mathematical techniques -- 2.1 Convex geometry -- 2.2 Convex cones and separation theorems -- 2.3 Critical points -- 2.4 Convex functions -- 2.5 Alternative theorems -- 2.6 Local solvability and linearization -- References -- 3 Linear systems -- 3.1 Linear systems -- 3.2 Lagrangean and duality theory -- 3.3 The simplex method -- 3.4 Some extensions of the simplex method -- References -- 4 Lagrangean theory -- 4.1 Lagrangean theory and duality -- 4.2 Convex nondifferentiable problems -- 4.3 Some applications of convex duality theory -- 4.4 Differentiable problems -- 4.5 Sufficient Lagrangean conditions -- 4.6 Some applications of differentiable Lagrangean theory -- 4.7 Duality for differentiable problems -- 4.8 Converse duality -- References -- 5 Pontryagin theory -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Abstract Hamiltonian theory -- 5.3 Pointwise theorems -- 5.4 Problems with variable endpoint -- References -- 6 Fractional and complex programming -- 6.1 Fractional programming -- 6.2 Linear fractional programming -- 6.3 Nonlinear fractional programming -- 6.4 Algorithms for fractional programming -- 6.5 Optimization in complex spaces -- 6.6 Symmetric duality -- References -- 7 Some algorithms for nonlinear optimization -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Unconstrained minimization -- 7.3 Sequential unconstrained minimization -- 7.4 Feasible direction and projection methods -- 7.5 Lagrangean methods -- 7.6 Quadratic programming by Beale’s method -- 7.7 Decomposition -- References -- Appendices -- A.1 Local solvability -- A.2 On separation and Farkas theorems -- A.3 A zero as a differentiable function -- A.4 Lagrangean conditions when the cone has empty interior -- A.5 On measurable functions -- A.6 Lagrangean theory with weaker derivatives -- A.7 On convex functions.
    Abstract: In a mathematical programming problem, an optimum (maxi­ mum or minimum) of a function is sought, subject to con­ straints on the values of the variables. In the quarter century since G. B. Dantzig introduced the simplex method for linear programming, many real-world problems have been modelled in mathematical programming terms. Such problems often arise in economic planning - such as scheduling industrial production or transportation - but various other problems, such as the optimal control of an interplanetary rocket, are of similar kind. Often the problems involve nonlinear func­ tions, and so need methods more general than linear pro­ gramming. This book presents a unified theory of nonlinear mathe­ matical programming. The same methods and concepts apply equally to 'nonlinear programming' problems with a finite number of variables, and to 'optimal control' problems with e. g. a continuous curve (i. e. infinitely many variables). The underlying ideas of vector space, convex cone, and separating hyperplane are the same, whether the dimension is finite or infinite; and infinite dimension makes very little difference to the proofs. Duality theory - the various nonlinear generaliz­ ations of the well-known duality theorem of linear program­ ming - is found relevant also to optimal control, and the , PREFACE Pontryagin theory for optimal control also illuminates finite dimensional problems. The theory is simplified, and its applicability extended, by using the geometric concept of convex cones, in place of coordinate inequalities.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 109
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400957909
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (80 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Outline Studies in Biology
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Introduction -- 2 Solute transport at the cellular level -- 2.1 Driving forces -- 2.2 Carriers and pumps -- 2.3 Energy sources for active transport -- 2.4 Sensitive cells -- 3 Symplast and apoplast -- 3.1 The parallel pathways -- 3.2 Radial barriers — the endodermis -- 3.3 Transfer cells -- 4 The xylem pathway -- 4.1 Xylem structure -- 4.2 Ion movement in the xylem -- 4.3 Regulation of leaf nutrient content -- 5 The phloem pathway -- 5.1 Experiments to determine the pathway of assimilate translocation -- 5.2 Structural design of the sieve element -- 5.3 Composition of phloem sap -- 5.4 Movement in the phloem -- 5.5 Physiology of the phloem -- 6 Driving forces for long-distance transport -- 6.1 Transpiration and the cohesion theory -- 6.2 Postulated mechanisms for phloem transport -- References.
    Abstract: Plants, in addition to their role as primary synthesizers of organic com­ pounds, have evolved as selective accumulators of inorganic nutrients from the earth's crust. This ability to mine the physical environment is restricted to green plants and some microorganisms, other life forms being direct1y or indirect1y dependent on this process for their supply of mineral nutrients. The initial accumulation of ions by plants is of ten spatially separated from the photosynthetic parts, necessitating the transport to these parts of the inorganic solutes thus acquired. The requirement for energy-rich materials by the accumulation process is provided by a transport in the opposite direction of organic solutes from the photosynthetic areas. These transport phenomena in plants have been studied at the cellular level, the tissue level, and the whole plant level. The basic problems of analysing the driving forces and the supply of energy for solute transport remain the same for alI systems, but the method of approach and the type of results obtained vary widely with the experimental material employed, reflecting the variation of the solute transporting properties which have se1ectively evolved in response to both internal and external environmental pressures.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 110
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400996601
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées International Archives of the History of Ideas 89
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 89
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: History
    Abstract: I. The Publication of the Supplément -- II. The Rationalist and Empirical Spirit -- III. Anti-mechanism and Sensibility -- IV. Utility and Reform -- Conclusion -- Index of Contributors.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 111
    ISBN: 9789400998223
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (316p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies of Classical India 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern
    Abstract: I. Preface -- Notes to the Preface -- II. The Introduction to the Kha??anakha??akh?dya Translation and Commentary -- Notes to the Translation.
    Abstract: Srihar~a is recognised as one of the greatest exponents of what is generally known as the Sarpkara school of Advaita Vedanta. The Advaita Vedanta of Sarpkara has been commented upon, explained, expounded and developed in its various ramifications by several generations of scholars, commentators and original thinkers for over a thousand years. Even today it is claimed to be one of the two traditional schools of Indian Philosophy which have survived and have modern adherents while most other schools have died of old age on Indian soil. The only other school that has survived is the Nyaya-Vaise~ika or what is now called the Navya-nyaya. Both Advaita Vedanta and Navya-nyaya have attracted the attention of modern scholars and philosophers (of both India and abroad), who are acquainted with Western philosophy and whose interest in the study of Indian philosophy has not simply been limited to the history of Indian thought or Indology. Modern exponents of Advaita Vedanta are numerous. With a few notable exceptions, however, most modern authors of Vedanta try to expound and modernise the Advaita system from either a speculative and personal point of view or from a superficial viewpoint of Kantian philosophy or Hegelian Absolutism. Such a method has seldom achieved the sophistication and respectability that is normally expected in the context of modern (chiefly western) philosophic activity.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 112
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400998766
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (293p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sovietica, Publications and Monographs of the Institute of East-European Studies at the University of Fribourg / Switzerland and the Center for East Europe, Russia and Asia at Boston College and the Seminar for Political Theory and Philosophy at the University of Munich 40
    Series Statement: Sovietica 40
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Political science Philosophy ; Political science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: One / Marxism and Ethical Theory: A Brief History -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Feuerbachian and Marxian humanism -- 3. Engels, Kautsky, and neo-Kantian ethical theory -- 4. Marx and Hegelian ethical theory -- Two / Soviet Philosophy: The Ambiguous Inheritance of Materialism -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Feuerbachian materialism as a critique of Hegel -- 3. Marxian naturalism and materialism -- 4. Engels, Plekhanov, and Lenin on dialectical materialism -- 5. Dialectical materialism and the critique of dialectical idealism in Soviet thought -- Three / The Origins of Soviet Ethical Theory -- Four / Ethical Theory and its Object, Morality -- 1. Morality as an aspect of social consciousness -- 2. The science of ethics and its object -- 3. Universal norms and class norms of morality -- Five / Discussions of Value Theory in Soviet Marxism -- 1. The origins of the discussion and the distinction of value from fact -- 2. Analyses of value -- 3. Value judgments and truth -- 4. Good and evil -- 5. Conclusion: Soviet theories of value and metanormative naturalism -- Six / Society and the Individual -- 1. Social utilitarianism -- 2. The concept of interest -- 3. Duty, responsibility, and freedom -- 4. Patriotism -- Seven/Historical Progress and Intrinsic Value -- 1. The problem of a criterion of progress in Soviet philosophy -- 2. The criterion of progress in Marx’s philosophy of history -- 3. Philosophy of history and cosmology in Marx -- 4. Cosmos and value, society and progress -- Eight / Soviet Criticisms of ‘Bourgeois’ Ethical Theory -- 1. Kantian ethics and Soviet deontological theories -- 2. The influence of Hegel on Soviet ethical theory -- 3. The critique of neopositivist ethical theory -- 4. The critique of existentialist ethical theory -- Nine / Conclusions -- References -- Selected Bibliography.
    Abstract: A survey of the intellectual history of Marxism through its several phases and various national adaptations suggests, for any of at least three reasons, that the attempt to provide a widely acceptable summary of 'Marxist ethics' must be an enterprise with little prospect of success. First, a number of prominent Marxists have insisted that Marxism can have no ethics because its status as a science precludes bias toward, or the assumption of, any particular ethical standpoint. On this view it would be no more reasonable to expect an ethics of Marxism than of any other form of social science. Second, basing themselves on the opposite assumption, an equally prominent assortment of Marxist intellectuals have lamented the absence of a coherently developed Maryist ethics as a deficiency which must be remedied. ! Third, less com­ monly, Marxism is sometimes alleged to possess no developed ethical theory because it is exclusively committed to advocacy of class egoism on behalf 2 of the proletariat, and is thus rooted in a prudential, not a moral standpoint. The advocacy of proletarian class egoism - or 'revolutionary morality- may, strictly speaking, constitute an ethical standpoint, but it might be regarded as a peculiar waste of time for a convinced and consistent class egoist to develop precise formulations of his ethical views for the sake of convincing an abstract audience of classless and impartial rational observers which does not happen to exist at present.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 113
    ISBN: 9789400997929
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (244p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books on Philosophy of Science, Methodology and Epistemology Published in Connection with the University of Western Ontario Philosophy of Science Programme 13b
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 13b
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Abstract: Policy-Formation with Issue-Processing and Transformation of Issues -- A Diagrammatic Exposition of the Logic of Collective Action -- Decision-Theoretic Analysis of Rawls’ Original Position -- The Social Contract: Individual Decision or Collective Bargain? -- On Relating Individual and Social Decisions -- Distributive Justice -- Toward a Theory of Sociality -- Evolution and Fine-Grained Environmental Runs -- Power in Electoral Games -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: 1. INTRODUCTION In the Spring of 1975 we held an international workshop on the Foundations and Application of Decision Theory at the University of Western Ontario. To help structure the workshop into ordered and manageable sessions we distri­ buted the following statement of our goals to all invited participants. They in turn responded with useful revisions and suggested their own areas of interest. Since this procedure provided the eventual format of the sessions, we include it here as the most appropriate introduction to these collected papers result­ ing from the workshop. The reader can readily gauge the approximation to our mutual goals. 2. STATEMENT OF OBJECTIVES AND RATIONALE (Attached to this statement is a bibliography; names of persons cited in the statement and writing in this century will be found referenced in the biblio­ graphy - certain 'classics' aSide. ) 2. 1. Preamble We understand in the following the Theory of Decisions in a broader sense than is presently customary, construing it to embrace a general theory of decision-making, including social, political and economic theory and applica­ tions. Thus, we subsume the Theory of Games under the head of Decision Theory, regarding it as a particularly clearly formulated version of part of the general theory of decision-making.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 114
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400996984
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (334p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Selected Studies in Phenomenology and Existential Philosophy 7
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology
    Abstract: Section One The Arena of Society -- Issues in Phenomenology and Critical Theory -- Renovating the Problem of Politics -- Structuralism Revisited: Lévi-Strauss and Diachrony -- Action, Interaction and Reflection in the Ontology of Ortega y Gasset -- Section Two The World of the Image -- The Phenomenological Approach to Poetry -- The Image/Sign Relation in Husserl and Freud -- Eidos: Universality in the Image or in the Concept? -- Section Three The Roots of Perception -- Some Reflections on Perceptual Consciousness -- Remarks on Wilfrid Sellars’ Paper on Perceptual Consciousness -- Perception, Knowledge and Contemplation -- Section Four Threshold Issues -- Psychopathology and Human Evil: Toward a Theory of Differentiation -- The Phenomenology of Guilt and the Theology of Forgiveness -- “Hermeneutics,” “Death of God” and “Dissolution of the Subject”: A Phenomenological Appraisal -- Authentic Time -- Life, Death and Self-Deception -- List of Contributors.
    Abstract: One of the greatest and oldest of images for expressing living change is that of the movement of waters. Rivers particularly, in their relentless motion, in the constant searching direction of their travel, in the confluence of tributaries and the division into channels by which identity is constituted and dispersed and once more reestablished, have stood as metaphors for movements in a variety of realms-politics, religion, literature, thought. Among philosophic movements, phenomenology and existential­ ism are discernible as one such movement of ideas analogous in configuration to the flow of a river in its channel or network of channels. The course taken by the stream of phenomenology and existential philosophy in North America is easily seen from the contents of the six volumes of collected papers from the annual meetings of the Society for Phenomenology and Existential Philo­ sophy that have preceded the present selection. What soon becomes clear in general, and is evident as well in the present volume, is that phenomenological and existential philosophies are far from being homogeneous, are far from showing an identity as to the sources from which they derive their energy, or the themes that they carry forward toward clarification. And yet there is a con­ fluence, a convergence of orientation, sympathy, and conceptuality, INTRODUCTION 4 SO that problematics harmonize and complement and mutually enrich.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 115
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401712828
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 458 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Monographs on Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, Philosophy of Science, Sociology of Science and of Knowledge, and on the Mathematical Methods of Social and Behavioral Sciences 113
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 113
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Dispositions and Definitions -- Counterfactuals and Dispositions -- Disposition Concepts and Extensional Logic -- In Defense of Dispositions -- Dispositions Revisited -- Dispositions, Grounds, and Causes -- Some Ways of Operationally Introducing Dispositional Predicates with Regard to Scientific and Ordinary Practice -- Dispositional Explanation -- Universals and Dispositions -- Disposition -- A World of Dispositions -- Capacities and Natures -- Powers -- Notes on the Doctrine of Chances -- The Propensity Interpretation of Probability -- Dispositional Probabilities -- Propensities and Probabilities -- Subjunctives, Dispositions, and Chances -- Dispositions and Occurrences -- Dispositions, Occurrences, and Ontology -- Belief and Disposition -- Beliefs as States -- Dispositions, Realism, and Explanation -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: This anthology consists of a collection of papers on the nature of dis­ positions and the role of disposition concepts in scientific theories. I have tried to make the collection as representative as possible, except that problems specifically connected with dispositions in various special sciences are relatively little discussed. Most of these articles have been previously published. The papers by Mackie, Essler and Trapp, Fetzer (in Section 11), Levi, and Tuomela appear here for the first time, and are simultaneously published in Synthese 34, No. 4, which is a special issue on dispositions. Of the previously published material it should be emphasized that the papers by Hempel and Fisk have been extensively revised specially for this anthology. The papers are grouped in four sections, partlyon the basis of their content. However, due to the complexity of the issues involved, there is considerable overlap in content between the different sections, especially between Sections land 11. I wish to thank Professors James Fetzer and Carl G. Hempel for helpful advicc in compiling this anthology.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 116
    ISBN: 9789400998285
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (308p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences A Yearbook 2
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Science—History.
    Abstract: I Science and Technology The Conceptual Distinction Reconsidered -- Physics — Natural Science or Technology? -- Goal Direction of Scientific Research -- II The Interrelation between Science and Technology A Close-up View at Determining Factors -- Millwrights and Engineers, Science, Social Roles, and the Evolution of the Turbine in America -- Science, Technology and Economics: The Invention of Radio as a Case Study -- On the Relation between Technology and Science — Goals of Knowledge and Dynamics of Theories. The Example of Combustion Technology, Thermodynamics and Fluidmechanics -- III Science and Technology in Their Social Context -- Technology Academised: Education and Training of the Engineer in the 19th Century -- The Coming of the Assembly Line to Europe -- Ideologies of ‘Art’ and ‘Science’ in Medicine: The Transition from Medical Care to the Application of Technique in the British Medical Profession -- IV The Scientification of Technology -- The ‘Scientification’ of Technology -- The Relation between Science and Technology — A Sociological Explanation.
    Abstract: The interrelations of science and technology as an object of study seem to have drawn the attention of a number of disciplines: the history of both science and technology, sociology, economics and economic history, and even the philosophy of science. The question that comes to mind is whether the phenomenon itself is new or if advances in the disciplines involved account for this novel interest, or, in fact, if both are intercon­ nected. When the editors set out to plan this volume, their more or less explicit conviction was that the relationship of science and technology did reveal a new configuration and that the disciplines concerned with 1tS analysis failed at least in part to deal with the change because of conceptual and methodological preconceptions. To say this does not imply a verdict on the insufficiency of one and the superiority of any other one disciplinary approach. Rather, the situation is much more complex. In economics, for example, the interest in the relationship between science and technology is deeply influenced by the theoretical problem of accounting for the factors of economic growth. The primary concern is with technology and the problem is whether the market induces technological advances or whether they induce new demands that explain the subsequent diffusion of new technologies. Science is generally considered to be an exogenous factor not directly subject to market forces and, therefore, appears to be of no interest.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 117
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400996854
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Social History 3
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: History ; Political science.
    Abstract: I. The Prehistory of the Marxian Concept of the Asiatic Mode of Production -- The Legacy of Aristotle -- Travellers’ Tales -- Oriental Despotism and French Politics, the First Phase: A Negative Model for Europe -- Oriental Despotism and French Politics, the Second Phase: A Positive Model for Europe -- Empires Belonging to Space and not to Time -- The Contribution of Political Economy: The Relation of Private Property to Progress -- II. The Marxian Concept of the Asiatic Mode of Production -- Marx’s Perception of the Non-Western World -- Alternative Interpretations: The Question of the Continuity or Discontinuity of Marx’s Model of Asiatic Society -- Marx’s Analysis of Asiatic Society in the General Perspective of his Social Theory -- The City in East and West -- The Ancient East -- The Asiatic Village System: Passport to the Future? -- The Contribution of Engels to the Marxian Analysis of the Non-Western World -- ‘Asiatic Feudalism’ -- The Asiatic Mode of Production and Sino-Soviet Relations -- The Impact of the Sino-Soviet Rift -- III. The Asiatic Mode of Production in Relation to the Place of Geographical Factors in Historical Materialism -- Marx on the Role of Geographical Factors in Historical Development -- Engels’ Account of Laws of Nature -- The ‘Geographical Deviation’: Plekhanov -- The ‘Geographical Deviation’: Wittfogel -- Historical Materialism Versus Geographical Determinism: Stalin and Beyond -- The Revolt of the Soviet Geographers against Stalin 129 -- The Reassessment of the Place of Geographical Factors in Historical Materialism -- A Note on the Population Factor -- IV. Marxist Perspectives on Russian History: The Practical Application of the Concept of the Asiatic Mode of Production -- Marx’s Conception of the Character of the Russian State: Russia Contrasted with Europe -- Marx and the Service-State Theory of Russian History: A Parallel Theory of the Non-European Character of Russian History -- Russian History in European Dress: The Orthodox Marxist Approach -- Plekhanov on Russian History: The Alternative Marxist Approach -- Modernisation in a Non-Western Milieu: Trotsky on Russia’s Past and Present -- V. The Asiatic Mode of Production in Relation to the Marxist Analysis of Progress and Modernisation -- The Unilinear Schema of Social Development -- The Hegelianised Version of the Unilinear Schema -- Chronological and Logical Problems Associated with the Progressive Ranking of Socio-Economic Formations -- The Multilinear Schema of History as Found in Marx -- Variations of the Multilinear Schema as Applied to Pre-Capitalist Societies -- The Dynamics of Modernisation in the Non-Western World: Towards a New Marxist Historiography -- VI. Epilogue -- Select Bibliography -- Works by Marx and Engels -- Other Works Consulted.
    Abstract: Wherever possible in this monograph I have referred to English trans­ lations of works originally appearing in other languages. Where this has not been possible, for example with Russian material, I have followed the Library of Congress system of transliteration, but omitted the diacritics. I have also retained the conventional use of 'y' for the ending of certain Russian proper names (e.g., Trotsky not Trotskii). In accordance with the policy of using existing English translations, I have referred to the Martin Nicolaus translation of Marx's Grundrisse, which is relatively faithful to the text. (The Grundrisse, although the Dead Sea Scroll of Marxism, bear all the characteristics of a rough draft, characteristics which are preserved in the Nicolaus translation.) The term 'Marxian' has been employed in the conventional way in this book, to distinguish the views of Marx and Engels from those of their 'Marxist' followers. In preparing this work I have received bibliographical assistance from Professor Israel Getzler, now of the Hebrew University, and critical assistance from Mr Bruce McFarlane of the University of Adelaide and especially from Professor Eugene Kamenka of the Aus­ tralian National University. Professor Jean Chesneaux of the Sorbonne, as one of the leading participants in the more recent debates discussed here, provided me with some further insight into the issues, and Pro­ fessor K.A. Wittfogel of Columbia also supplied some valuable in­ formation.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 118
    ISBN: 9789400998483
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (320p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series in Philosophy 12
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 12
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern
    Abstract: Introduction: Through the Looking Glass -- Sellars on Practical Inference -- Sellars’ Defense of Altruism -- Basic Propositions, Empiricism and Science -- Sellarsian Scientific Realism Without Sensa -- The Problem of the Two Images -- Scientific Realism -- Peirce’s Conception of Truth -- Ordinary Knowledge and Scientific Realism -- Rules, Meaning and Behavior: Reflections on Sellars’ Philosophy of Language -- Linguistic Roles and Proper Names -- Sellars on Proper Names and Belief Contexts -- Rules, Roles, and Ontological Commitment: An Examination of Sellars’ Analysis of Abstract Reference 229 -- Logic: The Fundamentals of a Sellarsian Theory.
    Abstract: In early November 1976 a workshop on the Philosophy of Wilfrid Sellars was held at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Blacks­ burg, Virginia. Sponsored by the Department of Philosophy and Religion, the College of Arts and Sciences and the Research Division of the University and organized by Professor Joseph C. Pitt, its aim was to provide a forum in which views of Professor Sellars could be discussed by a group of scholars fully acquainted with this work. Aside from the twelve invited participants, the workshop was attended by interested parties from as far away as Canada. The papers contained in the volume rep­ resent the results of the discussions held that weekend. With two excep­ tions the contents are extensively rewritten and revised versions of infor­ mal talks and presentations. (Rosenberg's paper is here in its original complete version. Rottschaefer was unable to attend. ) This collection is not then the proceedings but the final product derived from work initiated that weekend. The papers reftect both the spirit of the workshop and the work of Professor Sellars in that they represent the fruits of an intense and multi-faceted dialogue. Professor Sellar~' presence and whole hearted participation left us all with more than enough food for thought and a deepened appreciation of both the man and his philosophy. Special thanks are due Thomas Gilmer, Associate Dean of Research for The College of Arts and Sciences and Randal M.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 119
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400997950
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (252p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Vienna Circle Collection 9
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Science—Philosophy. ; Mathematical logic.
    Abstract: The Infinite in Mathematics and its Elimination (1930) -- Preface -- Analytic Table of Contents -- 1. Basic Facts of Cognition -- II. Symbolism and Axiomatics -- III. Natural Number and Set -- IV. Negative Numbers, Fractions and Irrational Numbers -- V. Set Theory -- VI. The Problem of Complete Decidability of Arithmetical Questions -- VII. The Antinomies -- Remarks on the Controversy about the Foundations of Logic and Mathematics (1931) -- Questions of Logical Principle in the Investigation of the Foundations of Mathematics (ca. 1931) -- Bibliography of the Published Writings of Felix Kaufman -- Bibliography of Works cited in the Present Volume -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: The main item in the present volume was published in 1930 under the title Das Unendliche in der Mathematik und seine Ausschaltung. It was at that time the fullest systematic account from the standpoint of Husserl's phenomenology of what is known as 'finitism' (also as 'intuitionism' and 'constructivism') in mathematics. Since then, important changes have been required in philosophies of mathematics, in part because of Kurt Godel's epoch-making paper of 1931 which established the essential in­ completeness of arithmetic. In the light of that finding, a number of the claims made in the book (and in the accompanying articles) are demon­ strably mistaken. Nevertheless, as a whole it retains much of its original interest and value. It presents the issues in the foundations of mathematics that were under debate when it was written (and in some cases still are); , and it offers one alternative to the currently dominant set-theoretical definitions of the cardinal numbers and other arithmetical concepts. While still a student at the University of Vienna, Felix Kaufmann was greatly impressed by the early philosophical writings (especially by the Logische Untersuchungen) of Edmund Husser!' He was never an uncritical disciple of Husserl, and he integrated into his mature philosophy ideas from a wide assortment of intellectual sources. But he thought of himself as a phenomenologist, and made frequent use in all his major publications of many of Husserl's logical and epistemological theses.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 120
    ISBN: 9789400998384
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (351p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, An International Series in the Philosophy and Methodology of the Social and Behavioral Sciences 17
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library 17
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Social sciences Methodology ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Abstract: 1 / Philosophy and Ethical Principles -- Rule Utilitarianism and Decision Theory -- Marx and the Utility Approach to the Ethical Foundation of Microeconomics -- Endogenous Changes in Tastes: A Philosophical Discussion -- 2 / Social and Collective Choice Theory -- Nice Decision Schemes -- The Distribution of Rights in Society -- Acceptable Social Choice Lotteries -- Social Decision, Strategic Behavior, and Best Outcomes -- Cyclically Mixed Preferences—A Necessary and Sufficient Condition for Transitivity of the Social Preference Relation -- Comparative Distributive Ethics: An Extension of Sen’s Examination of the Pure Distribution Problem -- Rawls’s Theory of Justice: An Impossibility Result -- Arrow’s Impossibility Theorem: Some New Aspects -- Two Proofs of the Gibbard-Satterthwaite Theorem on the Possibility of a Strategy-Proof Social Choice Function -- 3 / Special Topics in Social Choice -- Ethics, Institutions and Optimality -- Complexity and Social Decision Rules -- Discrete Optimization and Social Decision Methods -- The Equity Principle in Economic Behavior -- The Distributive Justice of Income Inequality -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: Ethics, as one of the most respectable disciplines of philosophy, has undergone a drastic and revolutionary change in recent time. There are three main trends of this development. The first trend can be described as a tendency towards a rigorous formal and analytical language. This means simply that ethics has created beside its own formalized set­ theoretical language a variety of new formalized, logical and mathemati­ cal methods and concepts. Thus ethics has become a formalized meta­ or epidiscipline which is going to replace the traditional concepts, principles and ethical methods in the realm of social sciences. It is clear that a formalized form of ethics can be used more easily in social, economic and political theories if there are ethical conflicts to be solved. This first trend can be regarded as a conditio sine qua non for application in, and imposing ethical solutions on, social scientific theories. The second trend may be characterized as an association- or unification-tendency of a formalized and analytical ethics with decision theory. Decision theory as a new interdiscipline of social sciences is actually an assemblage of a variety of subtheories such as value-utility theory, game theory, collective decision theory, etc. Harsanyi has called this complex of subtheories a general theory of human behavior. Analytical or formal ethics is actually using this general theory of human behavior as a vehicle simply because this theory deals from the beginning with conflict solution, i. e.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 121
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400998308
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 154 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Monographs on Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, Philosophy of Science, Sociology of Science and of Knowledge, and on the Mathematical Methods of Social and Behavioural Sciences 123
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 123
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Logic ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: 1. Introduction -- 1. Concept Explication -- 2. Objectives and Survey -- 2. Cognitive Rationality -- 1. On the Explication of the Concept of Rationality -- 2. Cognitive Rationality and Patterns of Expectation -- 3. Inductive Reasoning and Inductive Probability Theory -- 3. Logico-Mathematical Preliminaries -- 1. Logical Vocabulary -- 2. Set-theoretical Vocabulary -- 3. Some Elements of Probability Theory -- 4. Formally Rational Expectation in a Paradigmatic Context -- 1. Paradigmatic Contexts -- 2. Two Conditions for Rational Expectation -- 3. A Framework for a Paradigmatic Context -- 4. First Analysis of a Rational Expectation Pattern -- 5. A Framework for a Paradigmatic Context (continued) -- 6. Third Formal Condition for Rational Expectation -- 7. Decidable Contexts -- 5. Generalized Carnapian Systems -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Constitutive Principles and Definition of GC-systems -- 3. General Analysis of GC-systems -- 4. Analysis of Positive Inductive GC-systems (0 〈 ? 〈 oo) -- 5. Analysis of Negative Inductive GC-systems (? 〈 0) -- Appendix to Section 2 (Proof of T2) -- 6. Hintikka and Universalized Carnapian Systems -- 1. Introduction -- 2. NH-systems -- 3. Hintikka-systems (H-systems) -- 4. Some Fundamental Properties of H-systems -- 5. An Urn-model for H-systems -- 6. The Equivalence of NH- and SH-systems: Universalized Carnapian systems (UC-systems) -- 7. Analysis of UC-systems -- 8. Fundamental Discussion Related to Applications -- 9. Finite Parameters for H-systems -- 10. Reformulation of H-systems; k ? ? -- 11. GH-systems and G UC-systems -- 12. Survey of Systems -- Appendix to Section 2 (Proof of T1 ) -- 7. Rational Expectation in Multinomial Contexts -- 1. Carnap’s Intended Application -- 2. The Multinomial Context -- 3. Formally Rational Patterns for Open Multinomial Contexts -- 4. Material Conditions of Adequacy; UC-systems as Expectation Pattern for Open Multinomial Contexts -- 5. Constitutional Distributions for Open Multinomial Contexts -- 6. The Hypergeometric Context -- 8. Some Problems and Related Topics -- 1. PER-systems -- 2. On Weakening WPERR -- 3. *UC*-systems and k ? ? -- 4. Confirmation Theory -- 5. Falsification -- 6. Rules of Acceptance in UC-systems -- 9. Concluding Remarks -- References -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects -- Recurring Symbols -- Conditions/Principles/Axioms -- Definition of Systems.
    Abstract: 3 in philosophy, and therefore in metaphilosophy, cannot be based on rules that avoid spending time on pseudo-problems. Of course, this implies that, if one succeeds in demonstrating convincingly the pseudo-character of a problem by giving its 'solution', the time spent on it need not be seen as wasted. We conclude this section with a brief statement of the criteria for concept explication as they have been formulated in several places by Carnap, Hempel and Stegmiiller. Hempel's account ([13J, Chapter 1) is still very adequate for a detailed introduction. The process of explication starts with the identification of one or more vague and, perhaps, ambiguous concepts, the so-called explicanda. Next, one tries to disentangle the ambiguities. This, however, need not be possible at once. Ultimately the explicanda are to be replaced (not necessarily one by one) by certain counterparts, the so-called explicata, which have to conform to four requirements. They have to be as precise as possible and as simple as possible. In addition, they have to be useful in the sense that they give rise to the formulation of theories and the solution of problems. The three requirements of preciseness, simplicity and usefulness. have of course to be pursued in all concept formation.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 122
    ISBN: 9789400998858
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (170p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 128
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I: The Trace Theory of Memory -- One / An Introduction to Trace Theory -- Two / Trace Theory Criticized -- II: Broadening The Attack -- One / Another Problem for Trace Theory -- Two / Stimulus-Response and Information Processing Computer Theories of Memory -- III: Trace Theory as Philosophy -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: The subject of the following study is theories of memory. The first part is a study of one broad type of theory which is very widely adhered to at this time. It enjoys great popularity among neuro­ physiologists, neuropsychologists, and, more generally, among scientifically oriented people who have directed their attention to questions about memory. Further, this way of looking at the matter is not confined to scientific professionals. Indeed, we can find popularized versions of the view in magazines like Time and Reader's Digest. So in the first part of the book, I will give a presentation of the view in its general form. The theory will be presented in such a way as to reveal the features which make it tempting, which make it seem to be a very natural way to explain the phenomena of memory. (And, clearly, from the number of adherents the view has won, it is tempting, and it does seem to be to go about explaining memory. ) After setting forth a natural way this generalized version of the theory, I will next present material by various authors who hold this view. This will allow the reader to get some idea of the different forms which the theory (the 'memory trace' or 'engram' theory) takes. The last step is a critic­ ism of the theory. In the second part of the book, the attack on trace theory will be strengthened by a further criticism.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 123
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400998537
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (230p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in the History of Modern Science 3
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; medicine Philosophy ; Medical ethics ; History ; Medicine—Philosophy. ; Bioethics.
    Abstract: Section I Essay on Some Problems Concerning the Normal and the Pathological (1943) -- Preface to the Second Edition (1950) -- One. Is the Pathological State Merely a Quantitative Modification of the Normal State? -- I. Introduction to the problem -- II. Auguste Comte and ‘Broussais’s principle’ -- III. Claude Bernard and experimental pathology -- IV. The conceptions of René Leriche -- V. Implications of the theory -- Two. Do Sciences of the Normal and the Pathological Exist? -- I. Introduction to the problem -- II. A critical examination of certain concepts: the normal, anomaly, and disease; the normal and the experimental -- III. Norm and average -- IV. Disease, cure, health -- V. Physiology and pathology -- Conclusion -- Section II New Reflections on the Normal and the Pathological (1963–1966) -- Twenty years later… -- I. From the social to the vital -- II. On organic norms in man -- III. A new concept in pathology: error -- Epilogue -- Notes to Section I -- Bibliography to Section I -- Notes to Section II -- Bibliography to Section II -- Glossary of Medical Terms -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: by MICHEL FOUCAULT Everyone knows that in France there are few logicians but many historians of science; and that in the 'philosophical establishment' - whether teaching or research oriented - they have occupied a considerable position. But do we know precisely the importance that, in the course of these past fifteen or twenty years, up to the very frontiers of the establishment, a 'work' like that of Georges Canguilhem can have had for those very people who were separ­ ated from, or challenged, the establishment? Yes, I know, there have been noisier theatres: psychoanalysis, Marxism, linguistics, ethnology. But let us not forget this fact which depends, as you will, on the sociology of French intellectual environments, the functioning of our university institutions or our system of cultural values: in all the political or scientific discussions of these strange sixty years past, the role of the 'philosophers' - I simply mean those who had received their university training in philosophy department- has been important: perhaps too important for the liking of certain people. And, directly or indirectly, all or almost all these philosophers have had to 'come to terms with' the teaching and books of Georges Canguilhem. From this, a paradox: this man, whose work is austere, intentionally and carefully limited to a particular domain in the history of science, which in any case does not pass for a spectacular discipline, has somehow found him­ self present in discussions where he himself took care never to figure.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 124
    ISBN: 9789401576345
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 333 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series in Philosophy 13
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 13
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics
    Abstract: Mill’s Theory of Justice -- The Interest in Liberty on the Scales -- On the Nature of Moral Values -- The Basic Structure as Subject -- Relevance -- Act-Utilitarian Agreements -- Intrinsic value -- The Goals of Action -- What is Moral Relativism? -- Intending -- Doing the Best One Can -- Are Epistemic Concepts Reducible to Ethical Concepts? -- Moral Reasons and Reasons To Be Moral -- Moral and Other Realisms: Some Initial Difficulties -- Meta-Ethics and Meta-Epistemology -- Some Problems in the Definition and Justification of Punishment -- Bibliographies -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: This Festschrift seeks to honor three highly distinguished scholars in the Department of Philosophy, University of Michigan: William K. Frankena, Charles L. Stevenson, and Richard B. Brandt. Each has made significant con­ tributions to the philosophic literature, particularly in the field of ethics. Michigan has been fortunate in having three such original and productive moral philosophers serving ob its faculty simultaneously. Yet they stand in a long tradition of excellence, both within the Department and in the University. Let us trace that tradition briefly. The University of Michigan opened in 184l.lts Department of Literature, Science, and the Arts at first resembled a typical American college ofthat period, with religious and ethical indoctrination playing a central role in course offerings. But when Henry Tappan, a Presbyterian clergyman and Professor of philosophy, became President in 1852, he succeeded in shifting the emphasis from indoctrination to inquiry and scholarship. Though he was dismissed for his policies in 1863, Tappan's efforts to establish a broad and liberal curriculum prevailed. Michigan was to take its place among the leading educational institutions in this country, and to achieve an international reputation as a research center. Several past philosophers are worthy of mention here. George Sylvester Morris, an absolute idealist, joined the Department in 1881, having served from 1870 as Chairman of the Department of Modern Languages and Literature. He assumed the Chairmanship of Philosophy in 1884.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 125
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401724685
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 417 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Introduction -- 2. An outline of the anatomy -- 3. Respiration, circulation and excretion -- 4. Feeding and digestion -- 5. Reproduction and growth -- 6. Endocrinology -- 7. An inventory of the sense organs -- 8. What an octopus sees -- 9. Touch and the role of proprioception in learning -- 10. Effectors and motor control -- 11. Learning and brain lesions: 1: Mainly tactile learning -- 12. Learning and brain lesions: 2: Visual learning -- References -- Author index.
    Abstract: between the organ systems of cephalopods and those of less ambitious molluscs. Octopus does, as we would predict, live close to the limits set by its own physiology. The circulation, to take one example, is barely adequate for such an active animal, mainly because of the absence of any system for pack­ aging the blood pigment; haemocyanin in solution is a poor oxygen carrier. Cephalopod blood can transport less than 5 millilitres of oxygen per 100 ml of blood (compared with about 15 vol% in fish) and the whole supercharged system of triple hearts, high blood pressure and pulsating blood vessels succeeds only in returning blood that retains less than 30% of its dissolved oxygen by the time it reaches the gills. This at rest; the effect of exercise is immediate and surprisingly long­ lasting even in octopuses as small as 300 g, which must very swiftly run into oxygen debt when they flee from predators or pursue their prey (Sections 3.2.2, 3.2.4). Digestion, too would seem to be limiting. As with other molluscs, digestion in Octopus is based on secretion­ absorption cycles by a massive diverticulum of the gut, an adequate system in a less hectic past, but scarcely appropriate in a predator that must be an opportunist in the matter of feeding. Octopus feeds mainly at night, and spends a great deal of every day sitting at home.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 126
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400997752
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (392p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Language Library, Texts and Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 4
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Semiotics. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Conditionals, Generic Quantifiers, and Other Applications of Subgames -- Ambiguous Coreference With Quantifiers -- Negative Coreference: Generalizing Quantification for Natural Language -- Syntactic Domains for Semantic Rules -- Variable Binding and Relative Clauses -- Adverbs of Space and Time -- Time Schemes, Tense Logic and the Analysis of English Tenses -- A System of Chronological Tense Logic -- Semantics versus Pragmatics -- Implication Reversal in a Natural Language -- Structure and Function of the Grammatical Component of the Text-Structure World-Structure Theory -- Questions and Answers in a Context-dependent Montague Grammar -- The Introduction of Truth Predicates into First-Order Languages -- List of Participants.
    Abstract: The essays in this collection are the outgrowth of a workshop, held in June 1976, on formal approaches to the semantics and pragmatics of natural languages. They document in an astoundingly uniform way the develop­ ments in the formal analysis of natural languages since the late sixties. The avowed aim of the' workshop was in fact to assess the progress made in the application of formal methods to semantics, to confront different approaches to essentially the same problems on the one hand, and, on the other, to show the way in relating semantic and pragmatic explanations of linguistic phenomena. Several of these papers can in fact be regarded as attempts to close the 'semiotic circle' by bringing together the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic properties of certain constructions in an explanatory framework thereby making it more than obvious that these three components of an integrated linguistic theory cannot be as neatly separated as one would have liked to believe. In other words, not only can we not elaborate a syntactic description of (a fragment of) a language and then proceed to the semantics (as Montague pointed out already forcefully in 1968), we cannot hope to achieve an adequate integrated syntax and semantics without paying heed to the pragmatic aspects of the constructions involved. The behavior of polarity items, 'quantifiers' like any, conditionals or even logical particles like and and or in non-indicative sentences is clear-cut evidence for the need to let each component of the grammar inform the other.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 127
    ISBN: 9789400997899
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (476p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books on Philosophy of Science, Methodology, and Epistemology Published in Connection with the University of Western Ontario Philosophy of Science Programme 13a
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 13a
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Abstract: The ‘Tracing Procedure’ and a Theory of Rational Interaction -- Variety Among Hierarchies of Preference -- Conflict and Structure in Multi-Level Multiple Objective Decision-Making systems -- Inadequacies in the Decision Analysis Model of Rationality -- Counterfactuals and Two Kinds of Expected Utility -- Coordination Theory -- A Piagetian Approach to Decision and Game Theory -- Axiomatizing the Logic of Decision -- On Indeterminate Probabilities -- Irrelevance -- On a Decision Theoretic Method for Social Decisions -- Consensus and Comparison: A Theory of Social Rationality -- Conjoint Measurement: A Brief Survey -- The Minimax Theory and Expected-Utility Reasoning -- Newcomb’s Many Problems -- Newcomb’s Problem, Dominance and Expected Utility -- The Copernican Revelation -- Prolegomena to a Theory of Rational Motives -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: 1. INTRODUCTION In the Spring of 1975 we held an international workshop on the Foundations and Application of Decision Theory at the University of Western Ontario. To help structure the workshop into ordered and manageable sessions we distri­ buted the following statement of our goals to all invited participants. They in turn responded with useful revisions and suggested their own areas of interest. Since this procedure provided the eventual format of the sessions, we include it here as the most appropriate introduction to these collected papers result­ ing from the workshop. The reader can readily gauge the approximation to our mutual goals. 2. STATEMENT or OBJECTIVES AND RATIONALE (Attached to this statement is a bibliography; names of persons cited in the statement and writing in this century will be found referenced in the biblio­ graphy - certain 'classics' aside. ) 2. 1. Preamble We understand in the following the Theory of Decisions in a broader sense than is presently customary, construing it to embrace a general theory of deciSion-making, induding social, political and economic theory and applica­ tions. Thus, we subsume the Theory of Games under the head of Decision Theory, regarding it as a particularly clearly formulated version of part of the general theory of decision-making.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 128
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400998797
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (208p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sovietica, Publications and Monographs of the Institute of East-European Studies at the University of Fribourg / Switzerland and the Center for East Europe, Russia and Asia at Boston College and the Seminar for Political Theory and Philosophy at the University of Munich 41
    Series Statement: Sovietica 41
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Political science Philosophy ; Political science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: A. Aleksandr Bogdanov -- B. Toward a New Approach to Bogdanov and the Russian Machists -- C. Studying Bogdanov -- D. The Philosophy of Living Experience -- I. The Contemporary Problem of Philosophy and Philosophy’s Career -- A. Philosophy and Life -- B. The Rise and Development of Worldviews -- C. “What is Materialism?” -- D. Ancient and Modern Materialisms -- II. Empiriocriticism -- A. Empiriocriticism Depicted -- B. Empiriocriticism Criticized -- C. The Social Roots of Empiriocriticism -- III. Dialectical Materialism -- A. Bogdanov’s Dialectic -- B. Dialectics Prior to Marx and the Meaning of the Idealist Dialectic -- C. The Materialist Dialectic and Marx’s Truly Active Worldview -- D. Joseph Dietzgen and the Russian Dialectical Materialists -- E. The Real Dialectic and the Task of Philosophy -- IV. Empiriomonism -- A. “Labor Causality” -- B.The Elements of Experience -- C. Objectivity -- D. Sociomorphism -- E. Substitution -- F. The “Empiriomonistic” Worldpicture -- V. The Science of the Future -- Conclusion -- Notes.
    Abstract: A. ALEKSANDR BOGDANOV On April 7, 1928 the career of one of the most extraordinary figures of Russian and early Soviet intellectual life came to an abrupt and premature end. In the process of an experiment on blood transfusion, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Malinovsky, better known as Bogdanov, had exchanged his blood with that of a critically ill malaria victim in hopes of saving both the patient and his blood. The outcome of this may be guessed: both doctor and patient died forthwith. ! Although an extraordinary venture on Bogdanov's part, for it was part of a search for the means to immortality,2 the transfusion experiment was only one of a host of startling things he had done in his thirty years in Russian politics and public life. In actuality, the activities and achievement of his two years as director of the Soviet Union's first institute for the study of blood transfusion seem virtually insignificant beside the events of earlier years. 3 It would be fair to say that Aleksandr Bogdanov stood in a singularly prominent position in the political and intellectual life of Russia from the turn of the century to 1930. Politically, he had been Lenin's only serious rival for leadership among the Bolsheviks before 1917. In the early years of the Soviet regime, Bogdanov stood head and shoulders above any other public figure operating outside the ranks of the Party. Only a handful of men, i. e.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 129
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400997691
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (351p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science 7
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 7
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Process Philosophy and Quantum Dynamics -- Formal Languages and the Foundations of Physics -- Is the Hilbert space language too rich? -- Generalized Quantum Mechanics -- Quantum Logic -- The Operational Approach to Quantum Mechanics -- Completeness of Quantum Logic -- Quantum Logical Calculi and Lattice Structures -- An Operational Approach to Quantum Probability -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: In two earlier volumes, entitled The Logico-Algebraic Approach to Quan­ tum Mechanics (hereafter LAA I, II), I have presented collections of research papers which trace out the historical development and contem­ porary flowering of a particular approach to physical theory. One might characterise this approach as the extraction of an abstract logico-algebraic skeleton from each physical theory and the reconstruction of the physical theory as construction of mathematical and interpretive 'flesh' (e. g. , measures, operators, mappings etc. ) on this skeleton. The idea is to show how the specific features of a theory that are easily seen in application (e. g. , 'interference' among observables in quantum mechanics) arise out of the character of its core abstract structure. In this fashion both the deeper nature of a theory (e. g. , in what precise sense quantum mechanics is strongly statistical) and the deeper differences between theories (e. g. clas­ sical mechanics, though also a 'mechanics', is not strongly statistical) are penetratingly illuminated. What I would describe as the 'mainstream' logico-algebraic tradition is captured in these two collections of papers (LAA I, II). The abstract, structural approach to the characterisation of physical theory has been the basis of a striking transformation, in this century, in the understanding of theories in mathematical physics. There has emerged clearly the idea that physical theories are most significantly characterised by their abstract structural components.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 130
    ISBN: 9789400997998
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (284p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books on Philosophy of Science, Methodology, and Epistemology Published in Connection with the University of Western Ontario Philosophy of Science Programme 14
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 14
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Galileo’s Scientific Method: a Reexamination -- Some Tactics in Galileo’s Propaganda for the Mathematization of Scientific Experience -- Galileo Galilei and the Doctores Parisienses -- Descartes as Critic of Galileo -- Galileo and the Causes -- Galileo: Causation and the Use of Geometry -- Galileo’s Matter Theory -- The Conception of Science in Galileo’s Work.
    Abstract: The essays in this volume (except for the contribution of Dr. Le Grand) are extremely revised versions of papers originally delivered at a workshop on Galileo held in Blacksburg, Virginia in October, 1975. The meeting was organized by Professor Joseph Pitt and sponsored by the Department of Philosophy and Religion, The College of Arts and Sciences, and the Division of Research of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. The papers that follow deal with problems OIf Galileo's philosophy of science, specific and general problems connected with his methodology, and with historical and conceptual questions concerning the relationship of his work to that of contemporaries and both earlier and later scientists. New perspectives take many forms. In this book the 'newness' has, for the most part, two forms. First, in the papers by Wisan, Shea, Le Grand and Wallace (the concerns will also appear in some of the other contributions), greatly enriched historical discoveries of how Galileo's science and its method­ ology developed are provided. It should be stressed that these papers are attempts to recapture a deep sense of the kind of science Galileo was creating. Other papers in the volume, for example, those by McMullin, Machamer, Butts and Pitt, underscore the importance of this historical venture by discussing various aspects of the philosophical background of Galileo's thought. The historical and philosophical evaluations and analyses compliment one another.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 131
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400996915
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXII, 545 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Collection Fondée par H. L. van Breda et Publiée Sous le Patronage des Centres D’Archives-Husserl 76
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 76
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology
    Abstract: One Philosophy as Descriptive Psychology -- I. Acts, Contents and the Relations between Them -- II. Genetic and Descriptive Psychology -- III. Philosophy as Analysis of Origins -- IV. The A Priori Sciences and the Problem of their Founding -- V. Brentano and Husserl -- VI. Preliminary Conclusions -- Two Philosophy as Descriptive Eidetic Psychology -- I. Acts, Objects and the Relations between Them -- II. Genetic and Descriptive Psychology -- III. The New Theory of Abstraction -- IV. Logic and Psychology -- V. Philosophy as Analysis of Origins -- VI. Conclusions -- Intermezzo from Descriptive Psychology to Transcendental Phenomenology -- I. The Negative Aspect of the Reduction — The Epoche -- II. The Positive Aspect of the Reduction — The Residue -- III. From Descriptive Psychology to Transcendental Phenomenology -- Three Philosophy as Transcendental Phenomenology -- I. An Analysis of the Phenomenological Fundamental Consideration -- II. Psychological and Transcendental Epistemology -- III. Psychology and Transcendental Phenomenology -- IV. Transcendental Phenomenology and the A Priori Sciences -- V. Conclusion -- Translation Table -- Name Index.
    Abstract: Although this book is a translation from Dutch, the chief obstacle to be overcome was Husser!'s (German) technical terminology. As I sought English equivalents for German phenomenological terms, I made thankful use of Dorion Cairns' Guidefor Translating Husserl as well as existing translations of Husser!'s works, especially J. N. Findlay's rendering of Logische Untersuchungen. Since the technical terminology in the various translations and English studies of Husser! is far from uniform, I had to devise my own system of equivalents for key Husserlian terms. As I translated the quotations from Husserl's works into English, I did consult the available translations and draw on them, but I endeavored to keep the technical vocabulary uniform -sometimes by fresh translations of the passages quoted and sometimes by slight alterations in the existing translations. I made these changes not so much out of any basic disagreement with other translators as out of a desire to keep the terminology uniform throughout the book. 1 For the benefit of German and French readers not entirely at home with the English phenomeno logical vocabulary, I have included a small translation table in which my English equivalents for some central German terms are listed. Words with cognates or well-established phenomenological terms as their English equivalents have not been included. Finally, I should like to express my thanks to Prof.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 132
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400997776
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (526p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 119
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: On Clear and Obscure Styles of Philosophical Writing -- Symbolomania and Pragmatophobia -- On the Content and Object of Representations -- Actions and Products. Comments on the Border Area of Psychology, Grammar, and Logic -- Issues in the Logic of Adjectives -- A Survey of Logical and Semantic Problems -- The Reistic or Concretistic Approach -- Comments on the Meaning of Words -- The Controversy Over Designata -- Token-reflexive Words Versus Proper Names -- Connotation and Denotation -- Proposition as the Connotation of Sentence -- Intensional Expressions -- Concerning the So-called Empty Names -- Issues in the Philosophy of Proper Names -- Truth and the Concept of Language -- Ambiguity and the Language of Science -- Significano ‘per se’ and ‘per aliud’ in Anselm -- An Analysis of the Concept of Sign -- The Controversy over the Limits of the Applicability of Logical Methods -- Puzzles of Existence -- Vague Words -- Names and Predicates translated by P. T. Geach -- On the Antinomy of the Liar and the Semantics of Natural Language -- Normal and Non-normal Classes in Current Language -- Normal and Non-Normal Classes Versus the Set-Theoretical and the Mereological Concept of Class -- The Semantics of Open Concepts -- Languages and Theories Adequate to the Ontology of the Language of Science -- A Functional Approach to the Logical Semiotics of Natural Language -- The Principle of Transparency and Semantic Antinomies -- The Semantic Functions of Oblique Speech -- The Semantic Conception of Truth in the Methodology of Empirical Sciences translated by Z. Wójcicka -- The Attribute and the Class translated by B. Stanosz -- Analyticity and Apriority -- Sources of the Texts -- Biographical and Bibliographical Notes.
    Abstract: In the Introduction to the Polish-language version of the present book I expressed the hope that Polish studies in semiotics would before long be numerous enough to make possible another anthology on semiotics in Poland containing material published since 1970. That hope has in fact come true. The fact that semiotic research has been gaining momentum in this country is reflected in the growing interest in the discipline, in expanding international contacts, and in the steady increase in the number of publications. Thus, 1972 saw the setting up of the Department of Logical Semiotics, headed by the present writer, at Warsaw University Institute of Phi­ losophy. The seminar on semiotics, which I started in 1961, had met more than two hundred times by the end of 1976; since 1968, meetings have been held jointly with the Polish Semiotic Society. Another semi­ nar, confined to university staff and concerned with logical semiotics, which was inithted in 1970, had met more than fifty times by the end of 1976. The former seminar often plays host to foreign visiting pro­ fessors; so far scholars from Australia, Belgium, Britain, Canada, Czechoslovakia, France, the German Democratic Republic, Italy, the Netherlands, the Soviet Union, and the United States have attended.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 133
    ISBN: 9789400998209
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Language Library, Texts and Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 2
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Semiotics. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Aims -- 1.2 Beyond Syntax -- 1.3 Bloomfield’s Dilemma -- 1.4 The Research Strategy of the Isolable Subsystem -- 1.5 Theories of Language vs. Language Analysis -- 1.6 Theories of Logic -- 1.7 Logico-Linguistics -- 2. Information and Language -- 2.1 Information States -- 2.2 Input and Output -- 2.3 Information Automata -- 2.4 Language Automata -- 2.5 Black-Box Methodology -- 2.6 The What-Do-You-Know? Game -- 2.7 The Behavior-Analytic Interpretation of Language Automata -- 2.8 The Linguistic Priority of the Language Automaton -- 2.9 Languages -- 2.10 Summary -- 3. On Describing Languages -- 3.1 Descriptive Strategies -- 3.2 Descriptive Equivalence -- 3.3 Language Descriptions as Scientific Theories -- 3.4 Basic Evidence Propeties -- 3.5 The Evidence-Gathering Process -- 4. Language and Deductive Logic -- 4.1 Idealizations -- 4.2 Logical Relationships -- 4.3 Properties of the Logical Relationships -- 4.4 Logics -- 4.5 Informative Languages have Incomplete Logics -- 4.6 Quasi-logical Relationships -- 4.7 Quasi-logical Relationships are often Logical -- 4.8 Logic in the Evidence-Gathering Process -- 5. Semantics, Axiomatics -- 5.1 Semantically Structuralizable Languages -- 5.2 Examples of Artifical Semantically Structuralizable Languages -- 5.3 A Fragment of English -- 5.4 Semantics and Deductive Logic -- 5.5 Axiomatic Language Descriptions -- 5.6 Other Language Families -- 5.7 Logic as a Branch of Linguistics -- 5.8 Syntax, Semantics, Pragmatics -- 6. Meaning -- 6.1 Purports and Imports -- 6.2 Purport-Import Glossaries -- 6.3 Specialized Glossaries -- 6.4 Synonymy -- 7. Language and Inductive Logic -- 7.1 Credibility Weights -- 7.2 Probability Weights -- 7.3 Deductive Logic in Probability-Weighted Languages -- 7.4 The Semantics of Probability-Weighted Languages -- 7.5 Plausible Inference -- 7.6 Statistical Inference -- 7.7 Inductive Reasoning -- 7.8 Extended Semantics -- 8. ‘If-Then’: A Case Study in Logico-Linguistic Analysis -- 8.1 Preliminary Statement of Hypotheses to be Tested -- 82 History of Hypothesis A -- 8.3 History of Hypothesis B -- 8.4 History of Other Hypotheses -- 8.5 Delineation of Constructions of Interest -- 8.6 The Working Hypothesis of Extended Semantic Structuralizability -- 8.7 Exact Statement of Hypothesis A -- 8.8 Exact Statement of Hypothesis B -- 8.9 Remarks on Hypothesis B -- 8.10 Contraposition -- 8.11 Methodological Review -- 8.12 The Hypothetical Syllogism -- 8.13 Further Inference Patterns -- 8.14 The Paradoxes of Material Implication -- 8.15 The Second Paradox Re-examined Dynamically -- 8.16 Modus Ponens and Modus Tollens -- 8.17 Order of Premises -- 8.18 Incompatible Conditionals -- 8.19 Self-Contradictory Conditionals -- 8.20 Aristole’s Slip -- 8.21 Incompleteness of the Rules Governing Conditionals -- 8.22 Logically Disjunct Conditionals -- 8.23 Negations of Conditionals -- 8.24 Conjunctions of Conditionals -- 8.25 Conditionals Containing Other Conditionals -- 8.26 Lewis Carroll’s Barbershop Paradox -- 8.27 Disjunctions of Conditionals -- 8.28 Conclusions about If—then -- 8.29 Further Case Studies -- 8.30 Concluding Remark -- 9. Problem Areas and Computer Applications -- 9.1 Choice of Linguistic Unit -- 9.2 Ambiguity -- 9.3 Context-Dependence -- 9.4 Linguistic Incompleteness -- 9.5 Non-declarative Sentences -- 9.6 Physical Realizability -- 9.7 Automatic Question-Answering -- 9.8 Enthymemes, Analyticity -- 9.9 Further Computer Applications -- 9.10 Artificial Intelligence -- 9.11 The Future -- References.
    Abstract: In 1962 a mimeographed sheet of paper fell into my possession. It had been prepared by Ernest Adams of the Philosophy Department at Berkeley as a handout for a colloquim. Headed 'SOME FALLACIES OF FORMAL LOGIC' it simply listed eleven little pieces of reasoning, all in ordinary English, and all absurd. I still have the sheet, and quote a couple of the arguments here to give the idea. • If you throw switch S and switch T, the motor will start. There­ fore, either if you throw switch S the motor will start, or, if you throw switch T the motor will start . • It is not the case that if John passes history he will graduate. Therefore, John will pass history. The disconcerting thing about these inferences is, of course, that under the customary truth-functional interpretation of and, or, not, and if-then, they are supposed to be valid. What, if anything, is wrong? At first I was not disturbed by the examples. Having at that time consider­ able personal commitment to rationality in general and formal logic in par­ ticular, I felt it my duty and found myself easily able (or so I thought) to explain away most of them. But on reflection I had to admit that my expla­ nations had an ad hoc character, varying suspiciously from example to example.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 134
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401197854
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (157p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Tulane Studies in Philosophy 26
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy, Modern. ; Metaphysics. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: I. Faith and Counterfaith -- II. The Positive Function of Atheism -- III. Transcendence of the Finite -- IV. The Rational Basis of Theism -- V. The Idea of God -- VI. Evil and Transfiguration -- VII. Incarnation.
    Abstract: Professor Errol E. Harris presented the first three chapters of Atheism and Theism as public lectures at Tulane University on January 20-22, 1975. The lecture series was made possible by a grant from the Franklin J. Matchette Foundation of New York City. Those of us who had the pleasure of hearing the lectures formed the judgment that they deserved publication to reach a wider audience and to assure a more permanent reeord. We invited Professor Harris to allow us to publish his lectures in Tulane Studies in Philosophy. On his part, he de­ veloped the themes of the lectures into a more comprehensive and lasting work. With Professor Harris's approval, we are taking the unprecedented step of devoting Volume XXVI of Tulane Studies in Philosophy to the publication of Atheism and Theism. We are certain that it will advance the fundamentally philosophical argument surrounding theism and Christianity. We are also convinced that it will add substantialIy to the prestige of our series of annua1 volumes of philosophy, now in its twenty-sixth year. 'Ve wish to express our thanks to the Franklin J. Matchette Foundation for the original grant sup­ porting the lectures and to Professor Harris for presenting first the lectures and then the book. R. C. W. A. J. R.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 135
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400998742
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (198p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series in Philosophy 14
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 14
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: One: Attributes -- One/Attribute-Agreement and the Problem of Universals -- Two/Predication and Universals -- Three/Resemblance and Universals -- Four/Abstract Reference and Universals -- Five/Towards A Realistic Ontology -- Two: Substances -- Six/Two theories of substance -- Seven/The Bundle Theory -- Eight/Bare Substrata -- Nine/Towards A Substance-Theory Of Substance -- Epilogue -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: In this book I address a dichotomy that is as central as any in ontology - that between ordinary objects or substances and the various attributes (Le. , properties, kinds, and relations) we associate with them. My aim is to arrive at the correct philosophical account of each member of the dichotomy. What I shall argue is that the various attempts to understand substances or attri­ butes in reductive terms fail. Talk about attributes, I shall try to show, is just that - talk about attributes; and, likewise, talk about substances is just tha- talk about substances. The result is what many will find a strange combina­ tion of views - a Platonistic theory of attributes, where attributes are univer­ sals or multiply exemplifiable entities whose existence is independent of "the world of flux", and an Aristotelian theory of substance, where substances are basic unities not reducible to metaphysically more fundamental kinds of things. Part One is concerned with the ontology of attributes. After distinguishing three different patterns of metaphysical thinking about attributes, I examine, in turn, the phenomena of predication, resemblance, and higher order quanti­ fication. I argue that none of these phenomena by itself is sufficient to establish the inescapability of a Platonistic interpretation of attributes. Then, I discuss the phenomenon of abstract reference as it is exhibited in the use of abstract singular terms.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 136
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400999008
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (179p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in McBRIDE, WILLIAM LEON TECHNOLOGY SHAPES, BUT DOES IT FIX? 1979
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 24
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 24
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Technology Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy. ; Technology—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Division One / A Program in the Philosophy of Technology -- 1. The Experience of Technology: Human-Machine Relations -- 2. A Phenomenology of Instrumentation: Perception Transformed -- 3. A Phenomenology of Instrumentation: The Instrument as Mediator -- 4. A Phenomenology of Instrumentation: Technics and Telos -- Division Two / Implications of Technology -- 5. The Existential Import of Computer Technology -- 6. Technology and the Transformation of Experience -- 7. Vision and Objectification -- 8. Bach to Rock, a Musical Odyssey -- Division Three / Pioneers in the Philosophy of Technology -- 9. Heidegger’s Philosophy of Technology -- 10. Technology and the Human: Hans Jonas -- 11. The Secular City and the Existentialists -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: Depending on how one construes the kinship relations, technology has been either the stepchild of philosophy or its grandfather. In either case, technology has not been taken into the bosom of the family, but has had to wait for attention, care and feeding, while the more unclear elements - science, art, politics, ethics - were being nurtured (or cleaned up). Don Ihde puts technology in the middle of things, and develops a philosophy of technology that is at once distinctive, revealing and thought­ provoking. Typically, philosophy of technology has existed at, or beyond, the margins of the philosophy of science, and therefore the question of technology has come to be posed (when it is) either by historians of technology or by social critics. The philosophy of technology, as analysis and critique of the concepts, methodologies, implicit epistemologies and ontologies of technological praxis and thought, has remained underdeveloped. When philosophy does turn its attention to the insistent presence of technology, it inevitably casts the question in one or another of the dominant modes of philosophical interpretation and reconstruction. Thus, the logic of technological thinking and practice has been a subject of some systematic work (e. g. , in the Praxiology of Kotarbinski and Kotarbinska, among others). And the question of technology's relation to science has been posed in the framework of the nomological model of explanation in the sciences - e. g.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 137
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400996953
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (252p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Collection Fondée Par H. L. Van Breda et Publiée Sous Le Patronage des Centres D’Archives-Husserl 77
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 77
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology
    Abstract: I. Introduction -- 1. The Lifeworld and Intersubjectivity -- 2. Typification -- 3. Social Action -- 4. Social Interaction -- 5. Provinces of Meaning -- 6. Relevance -- II. Some Fundamentals of Phenomenology -- III. Schutz’s Reflections on Relevance -- 1. Introductory Remarks -- 2. The Kinds of Relevance -- 3. Interdependency of the Kinds of Relevance -- 4. The Formation of the Stock of Knowledge -- 5. Disturbances of Sedimentation -- 6. The Structure of the Stock of Knowledge -- 7. The Articles and Relevance -- IV. Critical Remarks on Schutz’s Theory -- 1. Introduction: Synopsis of Critical Remarks -- 2. Reflection -- 3. Typification -- 4. Critique of Schutz’s Reflections on Relevance -- 5. Summary of Critical Remarks -- V. The Founding of Relevance -- 1. Typification and Relevance -- 2. Foundedness -- 3. The Relevances -- 4. Relevance and Judging -- VI. Relevance, Science, and the Social Sciences -- 1. The Province of Scientific Theory -- 2. The Domain of the Social Sciences -- 3. Critical Remarks -- 1. Schutz’s Works -- 2. Husserl’s Works -- 3. Other Works.
    Abstract: The following is neither exclusively the study of a philosopher nor a problem, and yet is both as well. Alfred Schutz is now recogniz­ ed to have been a profoundly insightful philosopher who explor­ ed the nature of social reality and the social sciences. His works are exercising a great influence in a wide range of problems and disciplines, the latter including the social sciences themselves. All of this is testimony to the sagacity and penetrating character of his analyses as well as the fruitfulness and soundness of his con­ cepts. Philosophy proceeds, however, by not merely accepting the work of great philosophers, but by engaging them in critical philosophic dialogue. It is time for this interchange to begin with respect to Schutz's work. To some extent, then, this work is di­ rected to that task. It does not undertake a systematic treat­ ment of the whole of Schutz's philosophy, for much more work in many aspects of his thought is yet to be done before such a pro­ ject can reasonably be undertaken. Yet, the issue of concern in this study is, I now believe, the philosophic center of the whole of Schutz's work.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 138
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400998711
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (157p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 126
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Logic ; Philosophy and science.
    Abstract: 1 / The Hilbert Space Formulation of Quantum Physics -- 1.1 The Hilbert Space -- 1.2 The Lattice of Subspaces of Hilbert Space -- 1.3 Projection Operators -- 1.4 States and Properties of a Physical System -- 2 / The Logical Interpretation of the Lattice Lq -- 2.1 The Quasimodular Lattice Lq -- 2.2 The Relation of Commensurability -- 2.3 The Material Quasi-implication -- 2.4 The Relation between Lattice Theory and Logic -- 3 / The Material Propositions of Quantum Physics -- 3.1 Elements of a Language of Quantum Physics -- 3.2 Argument-rules for Compound Propositions -- 3.3 Commensurability and Incommensurability -- 3.4 The Material Dialog-game -- 4 / The Calculus of Effective Quantum Logic -- 4.1 Formally True Propositions -- 4.2 Formal Dialogs with Material Commensurabilities -- 4.3 The Formal Dialog-game -- 4.4 The Calculus Qeff of Effective Quantum Logic -- 5 / The Lattice of Effective Quantum Logic -- 5.1 The Quasi-implicative Lattice Lqi -- 5.2 Properties of the Lattice Lqi -- 5.3 The Relation between Lqi and the Lattice Li -- 5.4 The Relation between Lqi and the Lattice Lq -- 6 / The Calculus of Full Quantum Logic -- 6.1 Value-definite Material Propositions -- 6.2 The Value-definiteness of Compound Propositions -- 6.3 The Extension of the Calculus Qeff -- 6.4 The Principle of Excluded Middle -- Concluding Remarks: Classical Logic and Quantum Logic.
    Abstract: In 1936, G. Birkhoff and J. v. Neumann published an article with the title The logic of quantum mechanics'. In this paper, the authors demonstrated that in quantum mechanics the most simple observables which correspond to yes-no propositions about a quantum physical system constitute an algebraic structure, the most important proper­ ties of which are given by an orthocomplemented and quasimodular lattice Lq. Furthermore, this lattice of quantum mechanical proposi­ tions has, from a formal point of view, many similarities with a Boolean lattice L8 which is known to be the lattice of classical propositional logic. Therefore, one could conjecture that due to the algebraic structure of quantum mechanical observables a logical calculus Q of quantum mechanical propositions is established, which is slightly different from the calculus L of classical propositional logic but which is applicable to all quantum mechanical propositions (C. F. v. Weizsacker, 1955). This calculus has sometimes been called 'quan­ tum logic'. However, the statement that propositions about quantum physical systems are governed by the laws of quantum logic, which differ from ordinary classical logic and which are based on the empirically well-established quantum theory, is exposed to two serious objec­ tions: (a) Logic is a theory which deals with those relationships between various propositions that are valid independent of the content of the respective propositions. Thus, the validity of logical relationships is not restricted to a special type of proposition, e. g. to propositions about classical physical systems.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 139
    ISBN: 9789400998254
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (488p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 122
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Logic ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I Proof Theory -- Some Facts from the Theory of Proofs and Some Fictions from General Proof Theory -- Proofs and the Meaning and Completeness of the Logical Constants -- Theory of Quantification and ‰-calculi -- Two Kinds of Extensions of Primitive Recursive Arithmetic -- Equality in the Presence of Apartness -- II Infinitary Languages -- Game-Theoretical Semantics and Back-and-Forth -- Infinitary Languages N?? and Generalized Partial Isomorphisms -- III Set Theory and Model Theory -- Generalizing Set-Theoretical Model Theory and an Analogue Theory on Admissible Sets -- Hierarchies of Model Theoretic Definability — An Approach to Second Order Logics -- Open Problems in the Theory of Ultrafilters -- IV Generalized Quantifiers -- The Reals Cannot Be Characterized Topologically with Strictly Local Properties and Countability Axioms -- On the Expressive Power of the Language Using the Henkin Quantifier -- Remarks on Free Quantifier Variables -- V Recursion Theory -- Recursion in 3E and a Splitting Theorem -- Retracts of Post’s Numbering and Effectivization of Quantifiers -- VI Logic and Natural Language -- Quantifiers in Natural Languages: Some Logical Problems, I -- Models for Natural Languages -- Backwards-Looking Operators in Tense Logic and in Natural Language -- VII Philosophical Logic -- Paradoxes in a Semantic Perspective -- Hintikka’s Possible Worlds and Rigid Designators -- On the Content Analysis of Two Normative Notions -- Singular Terms, Existence and Truth: Some Remarks on a First Order Logic of Existence -- VIII Truthlikeness -- On Distance From the Truth as a True Distance -- Truthlikeness in First-Order Languages -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: The Fourth Scandinavian Logic Symposium and the First Soviet-Finnish Logic Conference were held in JyvaskyIa, Finland, June 29-July 6, 1976. The Conferences were organized by a committee which consisted of the editors of the present volume. The Conferences were supported financially by the Ministry of Education of Finland, by the Academy of Finland, and by the Division of Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science of the International Union of History of Science. The Philosophical Society of Finland and the Jyvaskyla Summer Festival gave valuable help in various practicalities. 35 papers by authors representing 10 countries were presented at the two meetings. Of those papers 24 appear here. THE EDITORS v TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE v PART 1/ PROOF THEORY GEORG KREISEL / Some Facts from the Theory of Proofs and Some Fictions from General Proof Theory 3 DAG PRAWITZ / Proofs and the Meaning and Completeness of the Logical Constants 25 v. A. SMIRNOV / Theory of Quantification and tff-calculi 41 LARS SVENONIUS/Two Kinds of Extensions of Primitive Recursive Arithmetic 49 DIRK VAN DALEN and R. STATMAN / Equality in the Presence of Apartness 95 PART II / INFINITARY LANGUAGES VEIKKO RANTALA / Game-Theoretical Semantics and Back-and- Forth 119 MAARET KAR TTUNEN / Infinitary Languages N oo~.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 140
    ISBN: 9789400997127
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 441 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idees 91
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 91
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: History
    Abstract: I. The Presuppositions of Whig Historical Writing -- A. The ‘pre-Namier’ period and the growing criticism of the features of Whig historical interpretation: anachronism, finalism and historical continuity -- B. The Relativization of Constitutional History -- II. Whig Historiography in the Nineteenth Century. A. Myth about a Myth? -- A. Medieval studies in the first half of the nineteenth century: F. Palgrave, J. Allen and H. Hallam -- B. The Glorious Revolution and George III; Cromwell and the Civil War -- C. Medieval studies in the second half of the nineteenth century: The Oxford School: W. Stubbs, E.A. Freeman and J.R. Green -- III. Tradition Discredited -- A. The Crisis within the House of Commons -- B. Old liberalism as conservative realism -- C. Whiggery versus Gladstonian liberalism -- D. The New Liberalism: idealism and realism. Efficiency used as an ideology against tradition -- IV. Law and History: F. W. Maitland -- A. Maitland’s road to History -- B. Law and History incompatible? -- C. Maitland versus anachronisms -- V. A Liberal Revaluation of the Tudor Monarchy: A.F. Pollard -- A. A.F. Pollard and English historiography -- B. A Liberal Revaluation of the New Monarchy: English Freedom and its Fettered Birth -- C. Parliament’s unparliamentary origin and evolution -- D. Tollardism’: The Reformation Parliament -- VI. Administrative History: T.F. Tout -- A. Administrative history as a reaction to Whig historiography -- B. Administrative history: a mirror of the times -- C. T.F. Tout and the French Histoire Événementielle -- D. T.F. Tout and his Administrative History -- E. The Reaction: the limits of administrative history and the illusions of specialization -- Bibliography of A.F. Pollard’s Writings -- Sources and literature -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: Several ofthe themes of this study have been treated in earlier publica­ tions, some by means of a general analysis and some through a detailed handling of problems raised by a particular theme or historian. Both the more general theoretical treatment of the theme and the concrete historiographical treatment are, I think, indispensable aids to the proper understanding of the development of historical scholarship in nineteenth-and twentieth-century England. There are a number of problems in a concrete historiographical approach: there is first the mass of historians to be faced, and then the immense amount of historical themes dealt with in various periods. As a guideline through the tangle of themes we chose the historiography on the development of the English parliament. We can only hope that we have made a responsible choice of the historians concerned. Un­ fortunately it was not always possible for us to give extensive biogra­ phies of some of the more recent historians, as several 'papers' are still firmly in the possession of families, and a number of them mus- despite of years - still be labelled 'confidential.' The Pollard Papers in the London Institute of Historical Research thus remained inaccessible. Fortunately the lack was partly compen­ sated by some important material being found apart from these Papers.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 141
    ISBN: 9789400996724
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (108p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales D’Histoire Des Idees / International Archives of the History of Ideas, Series Minor 19
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales D'Histoire Des Idées Minor 19
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of mind. ; History.
    Abstract: I. The Historical Background of Sartor Resartus -- 1. The Kantian Compromise -- 2. Kant, Fichte, and the Dilemma of Idealism -- II. Sartor Resartus and the Historicity of Idealism -- 1. The Style of Dogmatic Idealism -- 2. Carlyle’s “British Reader” and the Structure of Sartor Resartus -- III. Carlyle and Hegel -- List of Texts Cited.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 142
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400998452
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (448p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Episteme, A Series in the Foundational, Methodological, Philosophical, Psychological, Sociological, and Political Aspects of the Sciences, Pure and Applied 6
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I Metascience: Philosophical Analysis of Scientific Truth -- 1 The Problem of Physical Explanation -- 2 Probability and Causality in Quantum Physics -- 3 Meaning and Scientific Status of Causality -- 4 Methodology of Modern Physics -- 5 Metaphysical Elements in Physics -- 6 Is the Mathematical Explanation of Physical Data Unique? -- II Fundamental Problems of 20th Century Physics -- 7 Probability, Many-Valued Logics and Physics -- 8 On the Frequency Theory of Probability -- 9 Can Time Flow Backwards? -- 10 Causality in Quantum Electrodynamics -- 11 Relativity: An Epistemological Appraisal -- 12 Philosophical Problems Concerning the Meaning of Measurement in Physics -- 13 Bacon and Modern Physics: a Confrontation -- III Science and Human Affairs -- 14 Western Culture, Scientific Method and the Problem of Ethics -- 15 Physical versus Historical Reality -- 16 The New View of Man in His Physical Environment -- 17 Science and Human Affairs -- 18 The New Style of Science -- IV Issues Beyond the Boundaries of Present Science -- 19 Phenomenology and Physics -- 20 Physics and Ontology -- 21 Faith and Physics -- 22 Metaethics -- 23 The Pursuit of Significance -- 24 Note on Quantum Mechanics and Consciousness -- 25 Religious Doctrine and Natural Science -- List of Publications.
    Abstract: This book is intended for people interested in physics and its philosophy. for those who regard physics as an essential component of modern culture rather than merely a tool for industry or war. Indeed this volume is addressed to those students, teachers and research workers who enjoy learning, teaching or doing physics, and are in the habit of pausing once in a while to ponder over key physical concepts and hypotheses and to wonder whether received theories are as perfect as textbooks would have us believe and, if not, how they might be improved. Henry Margenau, recently retired from Yale University as Eugene Higgins Professor of Physics and Philosophy, is the most important philosopher of physics of his generation, and indeed one of the most eminent philosophers of science of our century. He introduced and elucidated the notion of the correspondence rule. He claimed and showed, in the heyday of positivism, that physics has metaphysical presuppositions. He was the first to realize that quantum mechanics can do without von Neumann's projection postulat- and that was as far back as 1936. He clarified the physics and the philosophy of Pauli's exclusion principle at a time when it seemed mysterious. He was the first physicist to publish a philosophical paper in a physics journal, which he did as early as 1941. He was also one of the rare scientists who proclaimed the need for a scientific approach to value theory and ethics.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 143
    ISBN: 9789400998551
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (446p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Vienna Circle Collection 4b
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; History ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: V / Philosophy of Physics -- 44. The Present State of the Discussion on Relativity (1922) -- 45. The Theory of Motion According to Newton, Leibniz, and Huyghens (1924) -- 46. The Relativistic Theory of Time (1924) -- 47. The Causal Structure of the World and the Difference between Past and Future (1925) -- 48. The Aims and Methods of Physical Knowledge (1929) -- 49. Current Epistemological Problems and the Use of a Three-Valued Logic in Quantum Mechanics (1951) -- 50. The Logical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics (1952) -- 51. The Philosophical Significance of the Wave-Particle Dualism (1953) -- VI/Probability and Induction -- 52a. The Physical Presuppositions of the Calculus of Probability (1920) -- 52b. Appendix: A Letter to the Editor (1920) -- 53. A Philosophical Critique of the Probability Calculus (1920) -- 54. Notes on the Problem of Causality [A Letter from Erwin, Schrödinger to Hans Reichenbach] (1924) -- 55. Causality and Probability (1930) -- 56. The Principle of Causality and the Possibility of Its Empirical Confirmation (1932) -- 57. Induction and Probability: Remarks on Karl Popper’s The Logic of Scientific Discovery (1935) -- 58. The Semantic and the Object Conceptions of Probability Expressions (1939) -- 59. A Letter to Bertrand Russell (March 28, 1949) -- Bibliography of Writings oF Hans Reichenbach -- Index of Names to Volumes One and Two.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 144
    ISBN: 9789400998681
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (308p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 8
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Phenomenology ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Introductory Essay -- Phenomenology and Philosophy in Japan -- I / Present Day Phenomenology in Japan -- Husserl’s Manuscript ‘A Nocturnal Conversation’: His Phenomenology of Intersubjectivity -- The Paradox of the Phenomenological Method -- The Potential Plurality of the Transcendental Ego of Husserl and Its Relevance to the Theory of Space -- Philosophy and Phenomenological Intuition -- Is Time Real? -- Phenomenology and Grammar: A Consideration of the Relation Between Husserl’s Logical Investigations and Wittgenstein’s Later Philosophy -- Phänomenologische Betrachtung vom Begriff der Welt -- Wahrheit und Unwahrheit oder Eigentlichkeit und Uneigentlichkeit: Eine Bemerkung zu Heideggers Sein und Zeit -- II / Phenomenology in the Japanese Inheritance -- The Kyoto School of Philosophy and Phenomenology -- Affective Feeling -- The Concrete World of Action in Nishida’s Later Thought -- Appendix: Selected Bibliography of the Major Phenomenological Works Translated into Japanese and of the Major Phenomenological Writings by Japanese Authors (Hirotaka Tatematsu) -- Index of Names.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 145
    ISBN: 9789400998940
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (216p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, An International Series in the Philisophy and Methodology of the Social and Behavioral Sciences 19
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library 19
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Social sciences Methodology ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Abstract: The Evaluation of Revolutions -- The Evaluation of Revolutions: a Comment on Michael Scriven’s Paper -- Systems Analysis in Politics and Its Critics -- A Note on Mr. Easton’s Revolutions -- The Economics of Revolution -- Self-Interest in Times of Revolution and Repression: Comment on Professor Tullock’s Analysis -- Ethics and Politics -- Reply to Professor Taylor -- Ethics and Politics: a Rejoinder to Professor Rapoport -- The Logic and Metaphysics of Evaluation in Political Theory: a Response to Professor Rapoport -- Attending to Interdependencies -- Politics, Political Philosophy and the Politics of Philosophy -- On the Choice between Reform and Revolution -- Commentary on Professor Nielsen’s Paper.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 146
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400996632
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives 90
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 90
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: History
    Abstract: I. Introduction -- II. Politics in Shakespeare -- III. Macbeth and the Tyrannical Man -- IV. Bastards and Usurpers -- V. “Ciphers to this Great Accompt” -- VI. “The English Solomon” -- VII. Bacon’s “Wisdom of the Ancients” -- VIII. Rembrandt and the Human Condition.
    Abstract: It was probably Rousseau who first thought of dreams as ennobling experiences. Anyone who has ever read Reveries du Promeneur Solitaire must be struck by the dreamlike quality of Rousseau's meditations. This dreamlike quality is still with us, and those who experience it find themselves ennobled by it. Witness Martin Luther King's famous "1 have a dream. " Dreaming and inspiration raise the artist to the top rung in the ladder ofhuman relations. That is probably the prevailing view among educated people of our time. Rousseau made that view respectable and predominant. Yet in another sense, the problem is much older. It is the problem of political philosophy and poetry, the problem of Socrates and Aristophanes, of Plato and Homer. Yet, while antiquity usually gives the crown to philosophy, since Rous­ seau, the alternative view tends to prevail. The distinction is not, however, a formal one. Sir Philip Sidney enlisted Plato on the side of poetry. The true distinction is between imagination and reason. If reason is to rule, as Aristotle points out,l the most architectonic of the sciences, that is political science, should rule. It is political philosophy which must determine the nature of the arts which will help or which will hinder the good of the city or the polity. That does not mean that a mere professor should stand in judgment of Shake­ speare, Bacon, and Rembrandt. It means that ifhe studies these three great artists, he is not over-stepping disciplinary limits.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 147
    ISBN: 9789400997837
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (357p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Medicine 7
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; medicine Philosophy ; Medical ethics ; Medicine—Philosophy. ; Bioethics.
    Abstract: Prometheus Unbound? A New World in the Making -- Section I / Humanity, History, and Medicine -- The System of Anthropina -- Philosophy and Medicine in Medieval and Renaissance Italy -- Care of the Healthy and the Sick from the Attending Physician’s Perspective: Envisioned and Actual (1977) -- The Conflict Between the Desire to Know and the Need to Care for the Patient -- The Execution of Euthanasia: The Right of the Dying to a Re-Formed Health Care Context -- Section II / Philosophy of Organism -- Teleology and Darwin’s The Origin of Species: Beyond Chance and Necessity? -- Individuals and Their Kinds: Aristotelian Foundations of Biology -- The Organism According to Process Philosophy -- Whitehead and Jonas: On Biological Organisms and Real Individuals -- The Redefinition of Death -- Section III/ Science, Infirmity, and Metaphysics -- Descartes and Mastery of Nature -- The Philosopher and the Scientist: Comments on the Perception of the Exact Sciences in the Work of Hans Jonas -- Life, Disease, and Death: A Metaphysical Viewpoint -- Ontology and the Body: A Reflection -- Intentionality and the Mind/Body Problem -- Epilogue -- Metaphor and the Ineffable: Illumination on “The Nobility of Sight” -- Bibliography of the Works of Hans Jonas -- Notes on Contributors.
    Abstract: This Festschrift is presented to Professor Hans Jonas on the occasion of his seventy-fifth birthday, as affirmation of the contributors' respect and admiration. As a volume in the series 'Philosophy and Medicine' the contributions not only reflect certain interests and pursuits of the scholar to whom it is dedi­ cated, but also serve to bring to convergence the interests of the contributors in the history of humanity and medicine, the theory of organism, medicine in the service of the patient's autonomy, and the metaphysical, i.e., phenome­ nological foundations of medicine. Notwithstanding the nature of such personal gifts as the authors' contributions (which, with the exception of the late Hannah Arendt's, appear here for the first time), the essays also transcend the personal and serve to elaborate specific themes and theses disclosed in the numerous writings of Hans Jonas. The editor owes a personal debt of gratitude to many, including Hannah Arendt, who offered their assistance during the preparation of the volume.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 148
    ISBN: 9789401743846
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 349 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Private international law. ; Conflict of laws. ; International law. ; Comparative law.
    Abstract: Contributors -- I: General Introduction -- II: Dutch Law -- III: English Law -- IV: French Law -- V: German Law -- VI: Greek Law -- VII: Italian Law -- VIII: Luxembourg Law -- IX: Scandinavian Law -- X: Socialist Law -- XI: Civil Procedure -- XII: Private International Law -- XIII: Problems of Migrant Workers in Europe.
    Abstract: In the last few years European Family Law has undergone considerable changes. Although in the past law reform was slow, since 1969 the impetus for reform has gathered momentum. It is no exaggeration to say that the changes that have occurred in Europe in the last six or seven years have radically altered the very concept of the family in Europe. As a distinguished scholar and former editor of the Family Law volume of the International Encyclopaedia of Com­ parative Law, Professor Max Rheinstein, has put it: 'These transformations are not fully completed anywhere. They have gone farthest in the countries of highest industrialization and in those of socialist rule. But they have set in wherever industrialization has obtained a foothold. The degree of 'modernization' offamily law may indeed be used as an index of a society's degree of Westernization. 'l Yet, such is the force of traditional patterns of thought that, although we are aware of distinct changes in various legal systems, the underlying and implied assumption is that family law can still move within the traditional framework. This is not surprising for, until comparatively recently at least family law was not thought of as a suitable subject of unification. It was claimed that there is a peculiar and distinct element which derives from the mores and innermost beliefs of each people, from a sort of family Volksgeist that renders impossible the approximation or unification of family law.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 149
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401732437
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (367 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Historical Library, Texts and Studies in the History of Logic and Philosophy 17
    Series Statement: Synthese Historical Library 17
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy, classical ; History ; Philosophy, Ancient.
    Abstract: 1. The early history of the theory of irrationals -- Part, 2. The pre-Euclidean theory of proportions -- 3. The construction of mathematics within a deductive framework -- Postscript -- 1 The prevailing view -- 2 My own view -- 3 Elements of a Pythagorean theory about the areas of parallelograms -- 4 How to find a square with the same area as a given rectangle -- 5 Conclusion -- Index of names.
    Abstract: When this book was first published, more than five years ago, I added an appendix on How the Pythagoreans discovered Proposition 11.5 of the 'Elements'. I hoped that this appendix, although different in some ways from the rest of the book, would serve to illustrate the kind of research which needs to be undertaken, if we are to acquire a new understanding of the historical development of Greek mathematics. It should perhaps be mentioned that this book is not intended to be an introduction to Greek mathematics for the general reader; its aim is to bring the problems associated with the early history of deductive science to the attention of classical scholars, and historians and philos­ ophers of science. I should like to conclude by thanking my translator, Mr. A. M. Ungar, who worked hard to produce something more than a mechanical translation. Much of his work was carried out during the year which I spent at Stanford as a fellow of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences. This enabled me to supervise the work of transla­ tion as it progressed. I am happy to express my gratitude to the Center for providing me with this opportunity. Arpad Szabo NOTE ON REFERENCES The following books are frequently referred to in the notes. Unless otherwise stated, the editions are those given below. Burkert, W. Weisheit und Wissensclzaft, Studien zu Pythagoras, Philo­ laos und Platon, Nuremberg 1962.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 150
    ISBN: 9789401745130
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Private international law. ; Conflict of laws. ; International law. ; Comparative law.
    Abstract: Official Opening Session -- Speech by Prof. Dr. E. Krings, Chairman of the Congress -- Speech by Prof. Dr. W. Delva, Dean of the Faculty of Law, State University of Ghent -- Speech by Mr. R. van Elslande, Minister of Justice of Belgium -- Speech by Prof. Dr. M. Storme, Secretary General of the Congress -- General Reports -- Les principes fondamentaux du droit judiciaire privé -- Internationales Prozessrecht -- L’administration de la preuve en droit judiciaire -- Appellate proceedings -- Accessibility of legal procedures for the underprivileged: Legal aid and advice -- La Humanización del proceso (I) -- La Humanización del proceso (II) -- Accelerating the process of law -- ‘Small claim courts’ -- Le rôle et la compétence du juge -- Selección y nombramiento de jueces -- Tareas del Ministerio Publico en el proceso civil -- Jurists and paraprofessionals -- Summary Report on the Working Days -- Official Closing Ceremony -- Speech by Prof. Dr. M. Storme, Secretary General of the Congress -- Speech by Mr. A. Devreker, Rector of the University of Ghent -- Speech by Mr. L. Tindemans, Prime Minister of Belgium -- Speech by Prof. Dr. E. Krings, President of the Congress -- List of Participants -- Supporting Institutions.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 151
    ISBN: 9789401569095
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXII, 302 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Medicine 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; medicine Philosophy ; Medical ethics ; Medicine—Philosophy. ; Bioethics.
    Abstract: Section I / American Legal Perspectives on Insanity: Some Roots in the Nineteenth Century -- American Medico-Legal Traditions and Concepts of Mental Health: The Nineteenth Century -- Philosophical Reflections in the Nineteenth Century Medicolegal Discussion -- Section II / Mental Illness and Mental Complaints: Some Conceptual Presuppositions -- How Much Neurosis Should We Bear? -- Psychic Health, Mental Clarity, Self-Knowledge and Other Virtues -- Models and Mental Illness -- Disease Viewed as a Symbolic Category -- Health and Disease: The Holistic Approach -- Section III / Phenomenological and Speculative Views of Mental Illness -- A Metabletic-Philosophical Evaluation of Mental Health -- Synchronism and Therapy -- Commemorative Remarks in Honor of Erwin W. Straus -- Bibliography of the Works of Erwin W. Straus -- Environments of the Mind -- Luminosity: The Unconscious in the Integrated Person -- Body, Mind, and Conditions of Novelty: Some Remarks on Leonard C. Feldstein’s Luminosity -- Section IV / Acting Freely and Acting in Good Health -- Motivational Disturbances and Free Will -- Towards an Understanding of Motivational Disturbance and Freedom of Action: Comments on ‘Motivational Disturbances and Free Will’ -- Section V / The Myth of Mental Illness: A Further Examination -- The Concept of Mental Illness: Explanation or Justification? -- Szasz on Mental Illness -- Section VI / Reappraising the Concepts of Mental Health and Disease -- H. Tristram Engelhardt Jr. / Chairman’s Remarks -- Closing Reflections -- Notes on Contributors.
    Abstract: The concept 'health' is ambiguous [18,9, 11]. The concept 'mental health' is even more so. 'Health' compasses senses of well-being, wholeness, and sound­ ness that mean more than the simple freedom from illness - a fact appreci­ ated in the World Health Organization's definition of health as more than the absence of disease or infirmity [7]. The wide range of viewpoints of the con­ tributors to this volume attests to the scope of issues placed under the rubric 'mental health. ' These papers, presented at the Fourth Symposium on Philos­ ophy and Medicine, were written and discussed within a broad context of interests concerning mental health. Moreover, in their diversity these papers point to the many descriptive, evaluative, and, in fact, performative functions of statements concerning mental health. Before introducing the substance of these papers in any detail, I want to indicate the profound commerce between philosophical and psychological ideas in theories of mental health and disease. This will be done in part by a consideration of some conceptual developments in the history of psychiatry, as well as through an analysis of some of the functions of the notions of mental illness and health. 'Mental health' lays a special stress on the wholeness of human intuition, emotion, thought, and action.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 152
    ISBN: 9789401744652
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 172 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Law of the sea. ; International law. ; Aeronautics—Law and legislation.
    Abstract: I: The Regulatory Framework of International Ratemaking -- II: Character of Iata -- III: Organization and Activities of Iata -- IV: Government Control of International Rate-Making -- V: The Making of Iata Fares and Rates -- VI: Non-Iata International Air Tariffs -- VII: The North Atlantic Battlefield -- VIII: Alternatives to the Present International Ratemaking System -- Postscriptum -- Appendices -- A. Books and Theses -- B. Articles -- C. Cases -- D. International Agreements -- E. Documents -- (i) ECAC -- (ii) IATA -- (iii) ICAO -- (iv) USA -- (v) Others.
    Abstract: Ratemaking in international air transport is a matter of vital importance for airlines, consumers and Governments. For airlines, because the level of international air fares and rates forms one of the bases of their profit-making ability. For consumers, because that level determines whether they can afford the use of international air transport. For Governments, because they, as the guardians of the interests of both the airlines and the consumers, have the task to strike a just balance between those interests. International air fares and rates are of two kinds: scheduled and non-scheduled. The International Air Transport Association (lATA), the trade association of the world's scheduled international airlines, determines, under Governmental supervision and control, uniform fares and rates for scheduled international air services. These services account for approximately seventy-five percent of total international air traffic. The remaining twenty-five percent consists of non­ scheduled, or charter international air services. International charter air fares and rates are by and large set by the free forces of the marketplace, and compete with scheduled international (lATA) air fares and rates. This book studies both scheduled and charter international air fares and rates. It examines the role of airlines, airline asso­ ciations and Governments in the international ratemaking process. Furthermore, it analyses the competitive relationship between charter and scheduled international air fares and rates.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 153
    ISBN: 0714630810
    Language: English
    Pages: XI, 263 p
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Fyfe, Christopher [Rezension von: Barker, Anthony J., The African Link: British Attitudes to the Negro in the Era of the Atlantic Slave Trade, 1550-1807] 1980
    DDC: 305.8/96/041
    RVK:
    Keywords: Slave trade ; Blacks Public opinion ; Public opinion History
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 154
    ISBN: 0714629197
    Language: English
    Pages: 310 S.
    Angaben zur Quelle: 1
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 155
    ISBN: 0714630276
    Language: English
    Pages: XIV, 325 S.
    Series Statement: [Cass library of African studies / General studies] ; 155
    RVK:
    Keywords: Königreich ; Politischer Wandel ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Afrika ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 156
    ISBN: 0714630047
    Language: English
    Pages: XVI, 130 S.
    Edition: 1. publ.
    DDC: 301.44/46/091724
    RVK:
    Keywords: Intelectuales - Rusia ; Intellectuelen ; Intellectuels ; Élite (Sciences sociales) ; Intellektueller ; Entwicklungsländer ; Intellectuals ; Intellektueller ; Pays en voie de développement ; Entwicklungsländer ; Asien ; Asia Intellectual life ; Developing countries Social policy ; Malaysia Intellectual life ; Entwicklungsländer ; Intellektueller ; Entwicklungsländer
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 157
    ISBN: 0714630500
    Language: English
    Pages: VII, 267 S.
    DDC: 959.004992
    RVK:
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 158
    ISBN: 0714624810
    Language: English
    Pages: XXX, 328 S. , Kt.
    Edition: 2. ed., new impr.
    Series Statement: Cass library of African law 4
    Series Statement: Cass library of African law
    RVK:
    Keywords: Recht ; Volkskunde ; Südafrika
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 159
    Language: English
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Geschichte ; Wirtschaft ; Subsaharisches Afrika ; Subsaharisches Afrika ; Wirtschaft ; Geschichte
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 160
    Book
    Book
    London : Cass
    ISBN: 0714630780
    Language: English
    Pages: VII, 120 S. , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Library of peasant studies 4
    Series Statement: Library of peasant studies
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Bauer ; Sowjetunion ; Sowjetunion ; Bauer
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 161
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    London : Cass
    ISBN: 0203989228
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (vi, 125 p)
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2009 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Library of peasant studies ; no. 4
    Parallel Title: Print version The Russian Peasant, 1920 And 1984 : Library of Peasant Studies
    DDC: 301.44/43
    Keywords: Peasantry ; Soviet Union Rural conditions
    Description / Table of Contents: Book Cover; Half-Title; Title; Copyright; Contents; Editors' Introduction; Introduction; Note on the Sources of George Orwell's 1984; On the Russian Peasantry; The Soviet Countryside 1917-1924; The Journey of my Brother Alexei to the Land of Peasant Utopia; The Journey of my Brother Alexei to the Land of Peasant Utopia; Russian Terms; Bibliography;
    Note: Includes bibliography: p. 119-120 , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 162
    ISBN: 9789401012393
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (215p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Episteme, A Series in the Foundational, Methodological, Philosophical, Psychological, Sociological, and Political Aspects of the Sciences, Pure and Applied 3
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Information theory ; Computer science ; Science Philosophy
    Abstract: 1. A Category-Theoretic Approach to Systems in a Fuzzy World -- 1. Machines in a Category -- 2. Fuzzy Machines -- 2. Parallelism, Slides, Schemas, and Frames -- 1. Parallelism -- 2. Slides and Schemas -- 3. Frames and Schemas -- 4. Development -- 5. More on Parallelism -- 3. The Fundamental Duality of System Theory -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Networks -- 3. Duality -- 4. Conclusion -- 4. Towards a Systems Methodology of Social Control Processes -- 5. States and Events -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Properties and Predicates -- 3. Definition of a State Function -- 4. Law Statements -- 5. Lagrangian Law Schemata -- 6. State Spaces -- 7. Law Statements and Transformation Formulas -- 8. Events and Processes -- 9. Event Space -- 10. The Category of Events -- 11. Concluding Remarks -- 6. Understanding Social and Economic Change in the United States -- 1. System Dynamics -- 2. Dynamics to Be Represented -- 3. Social and Economic Issues -- 4. Structure of the Model -- 5. Status, Schedule, Procedure -- 7. Pattern Discovery in Activity Arrays -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Sampling Procedure -- 3. Evaluation of Masks -- 4. Reduction of ST-Structures -- 5. Conclusions -- 8. A Purposive Behavior Model -- 9. Complexity and System Descriptions -- 10. Concerns, Comments, and Suggestions -- 1. Educational Concerns -- 2. Useful Mathematical Models -- 3. Problems of Applied Mathematics -- 4. Modeling -- 5. State Modeling of Objects -- 6. Questions.
    Abstract: For many years I have believed in a particular style of education for myself. The idea is to focus on matters that you want to learn about, find a modest amount of money, and then organize a symposium of those matters, inviting knowledgeable individuals to participate - and, by extension - to come and help with my education. The Eighth George Hudson Symposium held at Plattsburgh, New York on April 11-12, 1975 was another attempt on my part to learn something. The ostensible reason for the Symposium was explained in the Announce­ ment of the Symposium as follows: Systems Theory is currently one of the exciting areas of intellectual activity, attracting persons from diverse disciplines. In fact, it has almost become the prototype of inter­ disciplinary effort. As such, it needs the interchange of ideas, viewpoints, and opinions as a necessary condition for growth. This Symposium was convened to bring together a number of persons- some of them experts and some beginners - for two days of con­ centrated interaction on Systems Theory. The breadth of the interests of the invited speakers can be noted from their "home" disciplines but space limitations forestall any attempt to document their actual current interests which range from brain function to political institutions to technoethics. The speakers were chosen for their expository and interactive ability as well as for their work in Systems Theory and ample time has been allowed for discussion with them.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 163
    ISBN: 0714630047
    Language: English
    Pages: XVI, 130 S.
    DDC: 305.552091724
    RVK:
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 164
    ISBN: 9789401734639
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 187 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 6
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Phenomenology ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Inaugural Lecture -- Pensée et Prédication -- I — The Irreducible / In the Individual or in Human Communication? -- The Unique Individual and His Other -- The Irreducible Alienation of the Self -- A Time to Exist on One’s Own -- Love of Self: Obstacle or Privileged Means of Encountering Another? -- II — The Irreducible Personal Nucleus in Human Communication -- Participation or Alienation? -- The Dialectical Conception of Self-Determination -- Phenomenology of Personalistic Morality -- The Self and the Other in the Thought of Edith Stein -- III — The Irreducible Factor in Human Creativity: Causality, Language, Cognition and Interpretation -- Otherness and Causality -- Le Langage Entre Soi et Autrui -- The ‘Founded Act’ and the Apperception of Others -- Empathy, A Return to Reason -- The Creative Self and the Other in Man’s Self-Interpretation.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 165
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400999978
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology
    Abstract: The "Cartesian Meditations" translation is based primarily on the printed text, edited by Professor S. Strasser and published in the first volume of Husserliana: Cartesianische Meditationen und Pariser Vorträge, ISBN 90-247-0214-3. Most of Husserl's emendations, as given in the Appendix to that volume, have been treated as if they were part of the text. The others have been translated in footnotes. Secondary consideration has been given to a typescript (cited as "Typescript C") on which Husserl wrote in 1933: "Cartes. Meditationen / Originaltext 1929 / E. Husserl / für Dorion Cairns". Its use of emphasis and quotation marks conforms more closely to Husserl’s practice, as exemplified in works published during his lifetime. In this respect the translation usually follows Typescript C. Moreover, some of the variant readings n this typescript are preferable and have been used as the basis for the translation. Where that is the case, the published text is given or translated in a foornote. The published text and Typescript C have been compared with the French translation by Gabrielle Pfeiffer and Emmanuel Levinas (Paris, Armand Collin, 1931). The use of emphasis and quotation marks in the French translation corresponds more closely to that in Typescript C than to that in the published text. Often, where the wording of the published text and that of Typescript C differ, the French translation indicates that it was based on a text that corresponded more closely to one or the other - usually to Typescript C. In such cases the French translation has been quoted or cited in a foornote
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 166
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400957329
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (63 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Outline Studies in Biology
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Energy and basal metabolism -- 2 Regulation of enzyme activity -- 3 Carbohydrates -- 4 Lipids and fatty acids -- 5 Protein and amino acids -- 6 Vitamins -- 7 Diet and hormone interactions -- 8 Application of knowledge.
    Abstract: Though the major emphasis of this book will be references to several basic texts are given at the to provide the nutritionist with a biochemical end of the introduction. approach to his experimental and practical To facilitate easy reference, the book has problems, it is hoped that the book will also be been divided into chapters according to the of use to the biochemist and physiologist to roles of the basic nutrients in metabolism. demonstrate how dietary nutrition manipula­ Within chapters, discussion will include such tion can be used as a powerful tool in solving topics as the effects of nutrients on metabolism, problems in both physiology and biochemistry. the fate of nutrien ts, the roles of various tissues There will be no attempt to write an all-encom­ and interaction of tissues in utilizing nutrients, passing treatise on the relationship between and the biochernical mechanisms involved. biochemistry and nutrition; rather, it is hoped Toward the end of the book, several example that the suggestions and partial answers offered problems will be presented, which we hope will here will provide the reader with a basis for provide the reader with the opportunity to approaching problems and designing experi­ form testable hypotheses and design experi­ ments.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 167
    ISBN: 9789401011297
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (268p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Monographs on Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, Philosophy of Science, Sociology of Science and of Knowledge and on the Mathematical Methods of Social and Behavioral Sciences 91
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 91
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: 1. The Problem of Universals Then and Now -- 1. The Problem -- 2. Platonism and Nominalism -- 3. Historical Background -- 4. Epistemological Discussion of Platonism and Nominalism -- 5. Constructive Conceptualism -- 6. The Three Ontological Positions -- 7. Summary -- 2. Towards a Rational Reconstruction of Kant’s Metaphysics of Experience -- I: Kant’s Riddle of Experience -- 1. On Rational Reconstructions of Philosophical Theories -- 2. The Place of Kant’s Theory of Experience within His Theoretical Philosophy -- 3. Synthetic a priori Propositions -- 4. The Existential Hypothesis in Kant’s Fundamental Question -- 5. The Influence of Isaac Newton, Chr. Wolff and D. Hume upon Kant’s Conception of Science -- 6. Kant’s Antinomy of Experience -- 7. Kant’s Project for a Solution: Synthetic a priori Statements as the Way out of the Dilemma -- 8. A Remark on the Relation between the ‘Regressive’ and the ‘Progressive’ Argument -- II: The Logical Structure of the Progressive Argument -- 1. The Aim of the Progressive Argument -- 2. Kant as a Rationalist Precursor of the Theory of Eliminative and Enumerative Induction -- 3. Kant’s Theory of Structural Reduction or a priori Elimination (The Modal Argument) -- 4. Empirical Confirmation and Consolidation -- 5. The Gap in Kant’s Argument -- 6. Concluding Remarks -- 3. A Model Theoretic Explication of Wittgenstein’s Picture Theory -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Intensional Relational Systems, Model Worlds, Categorical Identity -- 3. Isomorphism, Homomorphism, Picture, Truth and Falsity -- 4. Logical Spaces, Isomorphism between Logical Spaces, Logically Adequate and Inadequate Pictures -- 5. Application of the Picture Theory to Language -- 4. Phenomenalism and Its Difficulties -- 1. Philosophy of Quantum Mechanics and Phenomenalism -- 2. A Characterization of Phenomenalism -- 3. Motives for Phenomenalism -- 4. Difficulties in Carrying out the Phenomenalistic Programme -- 5. Conclusion -- 5. Ontology and Analyticity -- 1. The Ontological Problem -- 2. The Problem of Analytic Statements -- 3. Concluding Remarks -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: These two volumes contain all of my articles published between 1956 and 1975 which might be of interest to readers in the English-speaking world. The first three essays in Vol. 1 deal with historical themes. In each case I as far as possible, meets con­ have attempted a rational reconstruction which, temporary standards of exactness. In The Problem of Universals Then and Now some ideas of W.V. Quine and N. Goodman are used to create a modern sketch of the history of the debate on universals beginning with Plato and ending with Hao Wang's System L. The second article concerns Kant's Philosophy of Science. By analyzing his position vis-a-vis I. Newton, Christian Wolff, and D. Hume, it is shown that for Kant the very notion of empirical knowledge was beset with a funda­ mental logical difficulty. In his metaphysics of experience Kant offered a solution differing from all prior as well as subsequent attempts aimed at the problem of establishing a scientific theory. The last of the three historical papers utilizes some concepts of modern logic to give a precise account of Wittgenstein's so-called Picture Theory of Meaning. E. Stenius' interpretation of this theory is taken as an intuitive starting point while an intensional variant of Tarski's concept of a relational system furnishes a technical instrument. The concepts of inodel world and of logical space, together with those of homomorphism and isomorphism be­ tween model worlds and between logical spaces, form the conceptual basis of the reconstruction.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 168
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401011730
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (302p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in the History of Modern Science 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science Philosophy ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: 1. Background -- I. Ludwig Feuerbach: Father of German Materialism -- II. Reaction in the Fifties -- 2. The Scientific Materialists and their Works -- III. Karl Vogt: Sounding the Alarm -- IV. Jacob Moleschott: ‘Für das Volk’ -- V. Ludwig Büchner: Summarizer and Spokesman -- VI. Heinrich Czolbe: Irreführender Materialist -- 3. Issues -- VII. Of Philosophy and Science -- VIII. Controversies in Biology -- IX. Materialism and Society -- Concluding Remarks -- Notes.
    Abstract: A comprehensive study of German materialism in the second half of the nineteenth century is long overdue. Among contemporary historians the mere passing references to Karl Vogt, Jacob Moleschott, and Ludwig Buchner as materialists and popularizers of science are hardly sufficient, for few individuals influenced public opinion in nineteenth-century Germany more than these men. Buchner, for example, revealed his awareness of the historical significance of his Kraft und Stoff in comments made in 1872, just seventeen years after its original appearance. A philosophical book which has undergone twelve big German editions in the short span of seventeen years, which further has been issued in non-German countries and languages about fifteen to sixteen times in the same period, and whose appearance (although its author was entirely unknown up to then) has called forth an almost unprecedented storm in the press, . . . such a book can be nothing ordinary; the world-calling it enjoys at present must be justified through its wholly special characteristics or by the merits of its form and content. ' Vogt, Moleschott and Buchner explicitly held that their materialism was founded on natural science. But other materialists of the nineteenth century also laid claim to the scientific character of their own thought. It is likely that Marx and Engels would have permitted their brand of materialism to have been called scientific, provided, of course, that 'scientific' was understood in their dialectical meaning of the term. Socialism, Engels maintained, had become a science with Marx.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 169
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401095211
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (475p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 54
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 54
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Logic ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Section 1 — Testing Theories of Empirical Phenomena -- to Section 1 -- 1.1. Symmetric Tests of the Hypothesis That the Mean of One Normal Population Exceeds That of Another -- 1.2. Statistical Tests as a Basis for ‘Yes—No’ Choices -- 1.3. Prediction and Hindsight as Confirmatory Evidence -- 1.4. On Judging the Plausibility of Theories -- Section 2 — Causes and Possible Worlds -- to Section 2 -- 2.1. Causal Ordering and Identifiability -- 2.2. On the Definition of the Causal Relation -- 2.3. Spurious Correlation: A Causal Interpretation -- 2.4. Cause and Counterfactual (with Nicholas Rescher) -- Section 3 — The Logic of Imperatives -- to Section 3 -- 3.1. The Logic of Rational Decision -- 3.2. The Logic of Heuristic Decision Making -- Section 4 — Complexity -- to Section 4 -- 4.1. Theory of Automata: Discussion -- 4.2. Aggregation of Variables in Dynamic Systems (with Albert Ando) -- 4.3. The Theory of Problem Solving -- 4.4. The Organization of Complex Systems -- Section 5 — Theory of Scientific Discovery -- to Section 5 -- 5.1. Thinking by Computers -- 5.2. Scientific Discovery and the Psychology of Problem Solving -- 5.3. The Structure of Ill-Structured Problems -- 5.4. Does Scientific Discovery Have a Logic? -- 5.5. Discussion: The Meno Paradox -- Section 6 — Formalizing Scientific Theories -- to Section 6 -- 6.1. The Axioms of Newtonian Mechanics -- 6.2. Discussion: The Axiomatization of Classical Mechanics -- 6.3. Definable Terms and Primitives in Axiom Systems -- 6.4. A Note on Almost-Everywhere Definability -- 6.5. The Axiomatization of Physical Theories -- 6.6. Ramsey Eliminability and the Testability of Scientific Theories (with Guy J. Groen) -- 6.7. Identifiability and the Status of Theoretical Terms -- Name Index.
    Abstract: We respect Herbert A. Simon as an established leader of empirical and logical analysis in the human sciences while we happily think of him as also the loner; of course he works with many colleagues but none can match him. He has been writing fruitfully and steadily for four decades in many fields, among them psychology, logic, decision theory, economics, computer science, management, production engineering, information and control theory, operations research, confirmation theory, and we must have omitted several. With all of them, he is at once the technical scientist and the philosophical critic and analyst. When writing of decisions and actions, he is at the interface of philosophy of science, decision theory, philosophy of the specific social sciences, and inventory theory (itself, for him, at the interface of economic theory, production engineering and information theory). When writing on causality, he is at the interface of methodology, metaphysics, logic and philosophy of physics, systems theory, and so on. Not that the interdisciplinary is his orthodoxy; we are delighted that he has chosen to include in this book both his early and little-appreciated treatment of straightforward philosophy of physics - the axioms of Newtonian mechanics, and also his fine papers on pure confirmation theory.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 170
    ISBN: 9789401011556
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (792p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, An International Series in the Philosophy and Methodology of the Social and Behavioral Sciences 13
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library 13
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Social sciences Methodology ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Abstract: 1 Equilibrium -- Equilibrium with Respect to a Simple Market -- On the Role of Complete, Transitive Preferences in Equilibrium Theory -- Equilibrium in a Market with Incomplete Preferences where the Number of Consumers May Be Finite -- Continuity in General Nonconvex Economies (with Applications to the Convex Case) -- Are Core Allocations Obtainable as Exchange Equilibria? -- Equivalence of Competitive and Relative-Core Allocations on a Measure Space of Economic Agents -- Non-Stable Cores of Exchange Economies -- Does Perfect Competition in Spatial Markets Maximize Welfare? -- Walras’ Theory of Capital Formation and the Existence of a Temporary Equilibrium -- 2 Critique of Equilibrium Theory -- Theories of General Economic Equilibrium and Maximum Efficiency -- Towards a Neo-Austrian Theory of Exchange -- Competitive and Controlled Price Economies: the Arrow-Debreu Model Revisited -- 3 Extensions of Equilibrium Theory-Imperfect Competition, Uncertainty, and Money -- Equilibrium and Linear Complementarity — an Economy with Institutional Constraints on Prices -- Marketing Costs and Imperfect Competition in General Equilibrium -- Oligopoly and Its Macroeconomic Implications -- Risk and Uncertainty. Their Importance for the Homogeneity of Demand and Supply Functions and the Dichotomy between Real and Monetary Economies -- Notes on the Economic Consequences of Uncertain Product Quality -- Corporate Policy, Uncertainty, and the Stock Market -- Efficiency, Inessentiality and the ‘Debreu Property’ of Prices -- 4 Problems in Dynamics -- An Approach to the Analysis of Dynamic Processes in Economic Systems -- On Adjustment Dynamics-An Exercise in Traverse -- On the Long-Run Behaviour of a Competitive Firm -- Dynamic Models and Economic Growth -- 5 Disequilibrium and Macroeconomic Theory -- The Qualitative Effects of False Trading -- Non-Tâtonnement and Disequilibrium Adjustments in Macroeconomic Models -- Existence of an Under-Employment Equilibrium -- A Neokeynesian Model of Price and Quantity Determination in Disequilibrium -- The Specification of Disequilibrium in Flow of Funds Models -- Consumption, Income, and Liquidity -- A Model of Dynamic Keynesian Equilibrium -- Many-Good Multiplier Analysis under Traditional, Classical and Neo-Keynesian Conditions -- Stochastic Disequilibrium in a Labor Contracts Economy -- Expectations, the Real Rate of Interest, and Labor Market Behavior in a Macromodel -- Optimal International Adjustment for a Country in a State of Fundamental Dynamic Disequilibrium -- International Trade and Payments when Markets Fail to Clear -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: This volume is the result of a conference held at the Institute for Advanced Studies, Vienna. There is still a gap reflected both in fundamental meth­ odological differences and in the style of analysis between the Walrasian (and Edgeworthian) tradition of general equilibrium theory and the theo­ retical and policy problems raised in the framework of Keynesian and post-Keynesian macroeconomics. The conference succeeded in bringing together economic theorists working in fields ranging from abstract prob­ lems of mathematical equilibrium analysis to applied macroeconomic theory, and it is hoped that the present volume will contribute to bridging the above-mentioned hiatus. As organizer of the meeting and editor of its proceedings I want to thank the Institute for Advanced Studies for providing facilities and funds. I am also sincerely grateful to all my colleagues from the Institute for their generous help, in particular to Mrs Monika Herkner without whose assistance and organizational talent the conference would certainly not have been the success it in fact - in the opinion of all participants - turned out to have been. Furthermore, I wish to express my gratitude towards all participants in the meeting and contributors to the volume whose patient support of the whole enterprise proved indispensable. To Mrs Elfriede Auracher I am deeply indebted for her skillful and effective general management of the editorial work and her invaluable assistance in compiling the indexes.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 171
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401169066
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Outline Studies in Biology
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Basic ideas about molecular shape -- 1.1 Shapes of biopolymers -- 1.2 Conformational principles -- 1.3 Shapes in equilibrium -- 2 The building units -- 2.1 Pyranose (six membered) forms -- 2.2 Furanose (five membered) forms -- 2.3 Other forms -- 2.4 Conformation and configuration: isomers and derivatives -- 2.5 Sugar shapes in hydrolysis of carbohydrate chains -- 2.6 Prediction of shapes -- 2.7 Natural building units -- 3 The linkages -- 3.1 Linkage structures and patterns -- 3.2 Linkage conformation -- 3.3 Chain conformation: order versus disorder -- 4 Simple carbohydrate chains of the periodic type -- 4.1 Conformational families -- 4.2 Occurrence, properties and function of the ribbon family -- 4.3 Occurrence, properties and function of the hollow helix family -- 4.4 Loosely jointed linkages and chains -- 5 More complex carbohydrate chains -- 5.1 Periodic chains with mixed linkages -- 5.2 Interrupted chain sequences -- 5.3 Aperiodic sequences -- References.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 172
    ISBN: 9789401012423
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (438p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Monographs on Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, Philosophy of Science, Sociology of Science and of Knowledge, and on the Mathematical Methods of Social and Behavioral Sciences 116
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 116
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: 1 Scientific Realism and Psychology -- Notes -- 2 Human Action -- 1. Actions as Achievements -- 2. Actions and Events -- 3. Actions and Action Statements -- Notes -- 3 Mental Episodes -- 1. The Stream of Consciousness and the Myth of the Given -- 2. Sellars’ Analogy Account of Mental Episodes -- 3. Analogy and the Language of Thought -- 4. Rules of Language -- 5. Conceptuality and Mental Episodes -- Notes -- 4 Concept Formation in Psychology -- 1. Psychological Concepts as Theoretico- Reportive Concepts -- 2. Conceptual Functionalism and Postulational Concept Formation -- 3. Theoretical Analyticity and Mental Episodes -- 4. The Indispensability of Mental Episodes -- Notes -- 5 Psychological Dispositions -- 1. A Realist Account of Dispositions -- 2. Propositional Attitudes as Dispositions -- Notes -- 6 Wanting, Intending, and Willing -- 1. Wanting and Intending -- 2. Trying -- 3. A Formalization of First-Order and Second-Order Propositional Attitudes -- Notes -- 7 Conduct Plan and Practical Syllogism -- 1. Conduct Plan -- 2. Practical Syllogism -- 3. Practical Syllogism as a Schema for Understanding Behavior -- 4. Extended Uses of Practical Syllogism -- Notes -- 8 Explanation of Human Action -- 1. Action-Explanations -- 2. Causality and Intentional-Teleological Explanation of Action -- Notes -- 9 Deductive Explanation and Purposive Causation -- 1. Deductive Explanation -- 2. Purposive Causation -- 3. Action-Explanations Reconsidered -- Notes -- 10 Basic Concepts of Action Theory -- 1. Basic Actions and Action Tokens -- 2. Complex Actions -- 3. Intentionality -- Notes -- 11 Propensities and Inductive Explanation -- 1. Propensities -- 2. Screening Off and Supersessance as Explanatory Notions -- 3. Explanatory Ambiguity and Maximal Specificity -- 4. An Analysis of Inductive Explanation -- Notes -- 12 Probabilistic Causation and Human Action -- 1. Probabilistic Causes -- 2. Actions, Propensities, and Inductive- Probabilistic Explanation -- Notes -- References -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: This book presents a unified and systematic philosophical account of human actions and their explanation, and it does it in the spirit of scientific realism. In addition, various other related topics, such as psychological concept formation and the nature of mental events and states, are dis­ cussed. This is due to the fact that the key problems in the philosophy of psychology are interconnected to a high degree. This interwovenness has affected the discussion of these problems in that often the same topic is discussed in several contexts in the book. I hope the reader does not find this too frustrating. The theory of action developed in this book, especially in its latter half, is a causalist one. In a sense it can be regarded as an explication and refin~ment of a typical common sense view of actions and the mental episodes causally responsible for them. It has, of course, not been possible to discuss all the relevant philosophical problems in great detail, even if I have regarded it as necessary to give a brief treatment of relatively many problems. Rather, I have concentrated on some key issues and hope that future research will help to clarify the rest.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 173
    ISBN: 9789401011327
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (312p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Monographs on Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, Philosophy of Science, Sociology of Science and of Knowledge and on the Mathematical Methods of Social and Behavioral Sciences 91
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 91
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: 1. The So-Called Circle of Understanding -- 2. ’The Problem of Causality’ -- 3. Explanation, Prediction, Scientific Systematization and Non-Explanatory Information -- 1. Introduction -- 2. On Possible Conventions Governing the Use of ’Explanation’ and ’Prediction’ -- 3. An Additional Argument of Plausibility in favour of the Counterthesis -- 4. A Systematic Approach -- 5. Non-Explanatory Information -- 4. The Problem of Induction: Hume’s Challenge and the Contemporary Answers -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Humean Challenge -- 3. Deductivism: K. Popper -- 4. Inductivism 1 -- 5. Inductivism 2 -- 6. Concluding Remarks -- 5. Carnap’s Normative Theory of Inductive Probability -- 6. Logical Understanding and the Dynamics of Theories -- 7. Structures and Dynamics of Theories: Some Reflections on J.D. Sneed and T.S. Kuhn -- 8. Language and Logic -- 1. Preface -- 2. The Functions of ‘Is’ -- 3. ‘All’, ‘Something’, and ‘Nothing’ -- 4. ‘I’, ‘You’, ‘He’, ‘She’, ‘It’ -- 5. ‘Not’, ‘And’, ‘Or’, ‘If …Then’ -- 6. Logical Truth -- 7. ‘The’ -- 8. ‘It is Possible That … ’, ‘It is Necessary That …’ -- 9. Remarks on the Completeness of Logical Systems Relative to the Validity-Concepts of P. Lorenzen and K. Lorenz -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: These two volumes contain all of my articles published between 1956 and 1975 which might be of interest to readers in the English-speaking world. The first three essays in Vol. 1 deal with historical themes. In each case I have attempted a rational reconstruction which, as far as possible, meets con­ temporary standards of exactness. In The Problem of Universals Then and Now some ideas of W.V. Quine and N. Goodman are used to create a modem sketch of the history of the debate on universals beginning with Plato and ending with Hao Wang's System :E. The second article concerns Kant's Philosophy of Science. By analyzing his position vis-a-vis I. Newton, Christian Wolff, and D. Hume, it is shown that for Kant the very notion of empirical knowledge was beset with a funda­ mental logical difficulty. In his metaphysics of experience Kant offered a solution differing from all prior as well as subsequent attempts aimed at the problem of establishing a scientific theory. The last of the three historical papers utilizes some concepts of modem logic to give a precise account of Wittgenstein's so-called Picture Theory of Meaning. E. Stenius' interpretation of this theory is taken as an intuitive starting point while an intensional variant of Tarski's concept of a relational system furnishes a technical instrument. The concepts of model world and of logical space, together with those of homomorphism and isomorphism be­ tween model worlds and between logical spaces, form the conceptual basis of the reconstruction.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 174
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401099240
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (370p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Treatise on Basic Philosophy 3
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Ontology ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: of Ontology I -- 1. Ontological Problems -- 2. The Business of Ontology -- 3. Is Ontology Possible? -- 4. The Method of Scientific Ontology -- 5. The Goals of Scientific Ontology -- 6. Ontology and Formal Science -- 7. The Ontology of Science -- 8. Ontological Inputs and Outputs of Science and Technology -- 9. Uses of Ontology -- 10. Concluding Remarks -- 1. Substance -- 1. Association -- 2. Assembly -- 3. Entities and Sets -- 4. Concluding Remarks -- 2. Form -- 1. Property and Attribute -- 2. Analysis -- 3. Theory -- 4. Properties of Properties -- 5. Status of Properties -- 6. Concluding Remarks -- 3. Thing -- 1. Thing and Model Thing -- 2. State -- 3. From Class to Natural Kind -- 4. The World -- 5. Concluding Remarks -- 4. Possibility -- 1. Conceptual Possibility -- 2. Real Possibility -- 3. Disposition -- 4. Probability -- 5. Chance Propensity -- 6. Marginalia -- 7. Concluding Remarks -- 5. Change -- 1. Changeability -- 2. Event -- 3. Process -- 4. Action and Reaction -- 5. Panta Rhei -- 6. Concluding Remarks -- 6. Spacetime -- 1. Conflicting Views -- 2. Space -- 3. Duration -- 4. Spacetime -- 5. Spatiotemporal Properties -- 6. Matters of Existence -- 7. Concluding Remarks -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: In this Introduction' we shall sketch the business of ontology, or metaphysics, and shall locate it on the map of learning. This has to be done because there are many ways of construing the word 'ontology' and because of the bad reputation metaphysics has suffered until recently - a well deserved one in most cases. 1. ONTOLOGICAL PROBLEMS Ontological (or metaphysical) views are answers to ontological ques­ tions. And ontological (or metaphysical) questions are questions with an extremely wide scope, such as 'Is the world material or ideal - or perhaps neutral?" 'Is there radical novelty, and if so how does it come about?', 'Is there objective chance or just an appearance of such due to human ignorance?', 'How is the mental related to the physical?', 'Is a community anything but the set of its members?', and 'Are there laws of history?'. Just as religion was born from helplessness, ideology from conflict, and technology from the need to master the environment, so metaphysics - just like theoretical science - was probably begotten by the awe and bewilderment at the boundless variety and apparent chaos of the phenomenal world, i. e. the sum total of human experience. Like the scientist, the metaphysician looked and looks for unity in diversity, for pattern in disorder, for structure in the amorphous heap of phenomena - and in some cases even for some sense, direction or finality in reality as a whole.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 175
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401568937
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 187 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Selected Studies in Phenomenology and Existential Philosophy 6
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology
    Abstract: Section One Phenomenology and Natural Science -- Hermeneutics of Experimental Science in the Context of the Life-World -- Husserl and the Mind-Brain Relation -- Section Two Phenomenology and Social Science -- Ethnomethodology as a Phenomenological Approach in the Social Sciences -- Mind and Institution -- Alfred Schutz Symposium: The Pregivenness of Sociality -- Husserl and His Influence on Me -- Section Three Phenomenology and Marxism -- Consciousness, Praxis, and Reality: Marxism vs. Phenomenology -- Meaning and Freedom in the Marxist Conception of the Economic -- Section Four Phenomenology and Formal Science -- Objectivity in Logic: A Phenomenological Approach -- Notes on Contributors.
    Abstract: Historically, philosophy has been the point of origin of the various sciences. However, once developed, the sciences have increasingly become autonomous, although often taking some paradigm from leading philosophies of the era. As aresult, in recent times the relationship of philosophy to the sciences has been more by way of dialogue and critique than a matter of spawning new sciences. This volume of the Selected Studies brings together a series of essays which develop that dialogue and critique with special reference to the insights of phenomenological philosophy. Phenomenology in its own way has been interfaced with the sciences from its outset. Perhaps the most widely noted relation, due in part to Edmund Husserl's characterization of the beginning steps of phenomenology as a "descriptive psychology," has been with the various psychologies. It is weIl known that the early Gestaltists were influenced by Husserl and, later, the Existential psychologies acknowledged the impact of Martin Heidegger and Jean-Paul Sartre, to mention but two philosophers. And, of course, Husserl's lifetime concern for the foundations of logic and mathe­ maties, especially as these (the former in particular) were developed into a foundational "theory of science," has figured prominently in these dialogues. 2 INTRODUCTION Less directly but more currently, the impact of phenomenology upon the disciplines has begun to be feIt in a whole range of the sciences.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 176
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401011235
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (700p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Monographs on Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, Philosophy of Science, Sociology of Science and of Knowledge, And on the Mathematical Methods of Social and Behavioral Sciences 88
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 88
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: One Methodology and History -- I. The Subject Matter of the Methodology of Sciences -- II. The Subject Matter of the Methodology of History -- III. The Scope of the Subject Matter (Domain) of Historical Research -- Two Patterns of Historical Research -- Grounds for Classification -- IV. Pragmatic Reflection -- V. Critical Reflection -- VI. Erudite and Genetic Reflection -- VII. Structural Reflection -- VIII. Logical Reflection -- IX. Dialectical Reflection -- Three the Objective Methodology of History -- X. Historical Facts -- XI. The Process of History (Causality and Determinism) -- XII. The Process of History (Historical Regularities) -- Four the Pragmatic Methodology of History. Theory of Source-Based and Non-Source-Based Knowledge -- XIII. The Nature of Historical Cognition -- XIV. Questions and Answers. a General Reconstruction of Historical Research -- XV. Theory of Source-Based Knowledge -- XVI. Theory of Non-Source-Based Knowledge -- XVII. The Functions of Source-Based and Non-Source-Based Knowledge -- Five the Pragmatic Methodology of History: the Methods of Reconstruction of the Process of History -- XVIII. The Authenticity of Sources and the Reliability of Informants -- XIX. Methods of Establishing Historical Facts -- XX. Quantitative Methods in Historical Research -- XXI. The Procedure of Explanation in Historical Research -- XXII. Construction and Synthesis -- Six the Apragmatic Methodology of History -- XXIII. The Nature and Instruments of Historical Narration -- XXIV. Components of Narratives: Historical Statements and Laws -- XXV. Elements of Historical Narratives: Evaluations -- XXVI. The Methodological Structure of Historical Research -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: No discipline has been more praised or more criticized than the writing of history. Cioero claimed that history teaches men how to live. Aris­ totle denied it the very name of science and regwded poetry as the higher wisdom. At various times history has been assigned a command­ ing or a demeaning statIUs in the hierarchy of sciences. Today one can admire the increasing precision and sophistication of the methods used by historia:ns. On the other hand, Thucydides' History of the PeZo­ ponesian War still serves as the ideal model of how to reconstruct the historical past. Even those who deny the possibility of an objective reconstruction of the past would themselves likie to be recorded by historians, "objectively" or not. Dislike of history and fear of its verdict are not incompatible with reverence and awe for its practitioners, the historians. So man's attitude to history is ambiguous. The controversy about history continues. Widely differing issues are at stake. Historians themselves, however, are the least engaged in the struggle. Rarely does a historian decide to open the door of his study and join in the melee about the meaning of history. More often he slams it shut and returns to his studies, oblivious of the fact that with the passage of thne the gap between his scientific work and its audience might widen. The historian does not shun the battle, he merely chooses his own battleground.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 177
    ISBN: 9789401011389
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (416p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science 9
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 9
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Logic ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I/Mathematical Logic -- Constructions ‘by Finite’ -- Some Eastern Two Cardinal Theorems -- Functional Interpretation and Kripke Models -- Axioms for Intuitionistic Mathematics Incompatible with Classical Logic -- II/Foundations of Mathematical Theories -- Ineffability Properties of Cardinals II -- Non-Standard Analysis -- Some Purely Mathematical Results Inspired by Mathematical Logic -- Interpretability of Elementary Theories -- III/Category Theory -- Categorical Foundations and Foundations of Category Theory -- IV/Computability Theory -- Re Sets Higher Up (Dedicated to J. B. Rosser) -- Computable Numberings -- On the Basic Notions in the Theory of Induction -- Basic Concepts of Computer Science and Logic -- Structural Relations between Programs and Problems -- Algorithmic Logic, a Tool for Investigations of Programs -- V/Philosophy of Logic and Mathematics -- On a Semantical Language Hierarchy in a Constructive Mathematical Logic -- VI/On The Concept of a Set -- Large Sets -- What is the Iterative Conception of Set? -- VII/Philosophy of Logic -- Do-it-yourself Semantics for Classical Sequent Calculi, including Ramified Type Theory -- Some Philosophical Problems of Hintikka’s Possible Worlds Semantics -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: The Fifth International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science was held at the University of Western Ontario, London, Canada, 27 August to 2 September 1975. The Congress was held under the auspices of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science, Division of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science, and was sponsored by the National Research Council of Canada and the University of Western Ontario. As those associated closely with the work of the Division over the years know well, the work undertaken by its members varies greatly and spans a number of fields not always obviously related. In addition, the volume of work done by first rate scholars and scientists in the various fields of the Division has risen enormously. For these and related reasons it seemed to the editors chosen by the Divisional officers that the usual format of publishing the proceedings of the Congress be abandoned in favour of a somewhat more flexible, and hopefully acceptable, method of pre­ sentation. Accordingly, the work of the invited participants to the Congress has been divided into four volumes appearing in the University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science. The volumes are entitled, Logic, Foundations of Mathematics and Computability Theory, Foun­ dational Problems in the Special Sciences, Basic Problems in Methodol­ ogy and Linguistics, and Historical and Philosophical Dimensions of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 178
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401011266
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (743p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Monographs on Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, Philosophy of Science, Sociology of Science and of Knowledge, and on the Mathematical Methods of Social and Behavioral Sciences 87
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 87
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Methodology and Metascience -- The Problem of the Rationality of Fallible Methods of Inference -- The Problem of Justifying Analytic Sentences -- Axiomatic Systems from the Methodological Point of View -- The Problem of Probabilistic Justification of Enumerative Induction -- Enumerative Induction and the Theory of Games -- On Testability in Empirical Sciences -- On the Theoretical Sense of the So-Called Observational Terms and Sentences -- The Pragmatic Foundations of Semantics -- Mathematical and Empirical Verifiability -- Meaning and Functional Reason -- On a Certain Condition of Semantic Theory of Knowledge -- On the Difference between Deductive and Non-Deductive Sciences -- On Ostensive Definitions -- The Controversy: Deductivism versus Inductivism -- Concepts and Problems in General Methodology and Methodology of the Practical Sciences -- The Foundations of a Methodological Analysis of Mill’s Methods -- Semantic Representation of the Probability of Formulas in Formalized Theories -- Classification as a Kind of Distance Function. Natural Classifications -- The Physical Magnitude and Experience -- Probabilistic Definition on the Example of the Definition of Genotype -- Analytic Sentences in the Semantic System -- The Model of Empirical Sciences in the Concepts of the Creators of Marxism -- On the Empirical Meaningfulness of Sentences -- A Model-Theoretic Approach to the Problem of Interpretation of Empirical Languages -- Empirical Meaningfulness of Quantitative Statements -- The Problem of Analyticity -- A Method of Deciding between N Statistical Hypotheses -- Interpretations of the Maximum Likelihood Principle -- Two Concepts of Information -- Semantical Criteria of Empirical Meaningfulness -- Basic Concepts of Formal Methodology of Empirical Sciences -- Rational Belief, Probability and the Justification of Inductive Inference.
    Abstract: The anthology presents a selection of methodological writings pub­ lished by Polish logicians after World War 11 (the first of them dated 1947). All the papers belong to what may be called Logical Methodology or Logical Theory of Science. The epithet 'logical' characterizes rather the general point of view than the particular methods employed by the authors. Apart from articles which make an essential use of different formal (logical and mathematical) methods, there are many which do not involve any formal apparatus whatsoever. The problems the papers deal with may be characterized as problems of the general methodology of empirical science. The papers do not consider the methodological problems of formal (mathematical) knowledge, and, as a rule, they are concerned with empirical science as a whole and not with some of its specific branches. The topics covered by the selected writings include the main issues and controversies discussed within the contemporary methodology of science. A considerable part of the anthology is con­ cerned with the semantics of empirica1languages and considers problems such as interpretation of observational and theoretical terms, analyticity, empirical meaningfulness, etc. Another group of papers deals with the problem of induction and examines various ways of its justification. Some articles discuss the nature and the status of methodology itself. The materials have been selected so as to make up a whole representative of what has been done in this field in Poland since 1945. The book comprises 33 articles by 20 authors.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 179
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401011174
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (521p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Monographs on Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, Philosophy of Science, Sociology of Science and of Knowledge, and on the Mathematical Methods of Social and Behavioral Sciences 82
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 82
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Abstract: I. The Formulation of the Research Problem and the Choice of the Right Methods -- II. Social Phenomena and Processes -- III. Concepts and Indicators -- IV. Kinds of Propositions -- V. Substantiation of Statements. Empirical Verification of Hypotheses -- VI. Explanation of Events -- VII. Construction of Theories -- VIII. Prediction of Events and Practical Applications of Research Results -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: This is the first part of a textbook for students of sociology, and for those students of other social sciences who wish to make use in their work of the research methods elaborated in the course of the develop­ ment of empirical sociology over the last few decades. The development of empirical sociological research in our country and the growing demand both for a practical application of its results and for graduates of sociological studies in various fields of social practice testifies to a much broader trend. It is evidence of a desire to base our understanding and conscious transformation of social phenom­ ena on a sound, scientific perception of social processes and the mechanisms governing them. The increasing volume of studies in Poland is accompanied by a growing need for a particular type of re­ search method, namely one in which questions addressed to the socio­ logist would be answered in a manner as free as possible of conclusions based on impressions and defining as unambiguously as possible both the limits of the generality and the degree of validity of the inferences drawn from the results of the research. These conditions are met by the so-called standardized methods of investigating social phenomena which, together with statistical methods of analyzing collected material, consti­ tute the principal means of conducting sociological research in the world today.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 180
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401011884
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (204p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Monographs on Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, Philosophy of Science, Sociology of Science and of Knowledge, and on the Mathematical Methods of Social and Behavioral Sciences 109
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 109
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: 1/Introduction -- A. General Plan of the Book -- B. Sets and Notation -- C. Kinds and Attributes -- D. Laws and Law-Sentences -- 2/Explanations, Identities, and Theories -- A. Scientific Explanations -- B. Identities -- C. Theories -- 3/Theories with Structured Wholes -- A. Introduction -- B. An Example from Chemistry -- C. The Languages of the Theories -- D. Structures and Homogeneity -- E. Laws of T1 -- 4/Microreductions: Set Theoretical Form -- A. Thing-Identities -- B. Explanations of the Law Sentences of T2 -- C. Attribute-Correlations -- 5/Microreductions with Identities -- A. Thing-Identities -- B. Attribute-Identities -- C. Summary of the Reduction Conditions -- D. Some Possible Objections and Problems -- E. Reasonable Modifications -- 6/Unified Theories and Unified Science -- A. Microreductions and Unified Science -- B. Unified Theories -- C. Unification by Microreduction -- 7/Complications and Obstacles -- A. Variety of Structures and Theories -- B. Hierarchical Structures -- C. Tokenism -- D. Social Theories and Social Structures -- 8/Scientific Progress and Unity of Science -- A. General Aspects of Scientific Progress -- B. Development and Evolution -- C. Problems and Prospects -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: The first section of this chapter describes the major goals of this investiga­ tion and the general strategy of my presentation. The remaining three sections review some requisite background material and introduce some terminology and notation used in the book. Section B contains a brief review of some of the ideas and notation of elementary logic and set theory. Section C contains an introductory discussion of kinds and at­ tributes. Section D presents some basic ideas about laws and law­ sentences. A. GENERAL PLAN OF THE BOOK Basic scientific research is directed towards the goals of increasing our knowledge of the wor1d and our understanding of the wor1d. Knowledge increases through the discovery and confirmation of facts and laws. Understanding results from the explanation of known facts and laws, and through the formulation of general, systematic theories. Other things being equal, we tend to feeI that our understanding of a c1ass of phenomena increases as we develop increasingly general and intuitively unified theories of that c1ass of phenomena. It is therefore natural to consider the possibility of one very general, unified theory which, at least in principle, governs all known phenomena. The dream of obtaining such a theory, and the understanding that it would provide, has motivated an enormous amount of research by both scientists and philosophers.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 181
    ISBN: 9789401012843
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (342p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 34
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 34
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I. General Problems -- A Plea for Freeing the History of Scientific Discoveries from Myth -- Progress and Rationality in Research: Science from the Viewpoint of Popperian Methodology -- The Problems of Scientific Validation -- Science and Analogy -- Inductive Method and Scientific Discovery -- Scientific Discovery from the Viewpoint of Evolutionary Epistemology -- The Analytical (Quantitative) Theory of Science and its Implications for the Nature of Scientific Discovery -- Difficulties Inherent in a Pedagogy of Discovery in the Teaching of the Sciences -- Discovery and Vocation -- II. Case Studies -- Two Scientific Discoveries: Their Genesis and Destiny -- Logical and Psychological Aspects of the Discovery of the Circulation of the Blood -- The Discovery of Duodenal Ancylostoma and of its Pathogenic Power -- Weber and Maxwell on the Discovery of the Velocity of Light in Nineteenth Century Electrodynamics -- Cognitive Psychology, Scientific Creativity, and the Case Study Method -- Biographical Notes -- Name Index.
    Abstract: The 1977 lectures of the International School for the History of Science at Erice in Sicily were devoted to that vexing but inexorable problem, the nature of scientific discovery. With all that has been written, by scientists themselves, by historians and philosophers and social theorists, by psycholo­ gists and psychiatrists, by logicians and novelists, the problem remains elusive. Happily we are able to bring the penetrating lectures from Erice that summer to a wider audience in this volume of theoretical investigations and detailed case studies. The ancient and lovely town of Erice in Northwest Sicily, 750 m above the sea, was famous throughout the Mediterranean for its temple of the goddess of nature, Venus Erycina, said to have been built by Daedalus. As philosophers and historians of the natural sciences, we hope that the stimulating atmo­ sphere of Erice will to some extent be transmitted by these pages. We are especially grateful to that generous and humane physician and historian of science, Dr. Vincenzo Cappelletti, himself a creative scientist, for his collaboration in bringing this work to completion. We admire his intelligent devotion to fostering creative interaction between scientists and historians of science as Director of the School of History of Science within the great Ettore Majorana Centre for Scientific Culture at Erice, as well as for his imaginative leadership of the Istituto della Encic10pedia Italiana.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 182
    ISBN: 9789401093217
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (219p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Genetic Epistemology 83
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 83
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Economics Methodology ; Science—Philosophy. ; Economics—History.
    Abstract: I/From Constitutive Functions to Constituted Functions -- 1. The Coordination of Pairs -- 2. From Constitutive Functions to Equivalence Classes -- 3. From Regularities to Proportionalities -- 4. An Example of Causal and Spatial Functions -- 5. From Coproperties to Covariations: The Equalization and Estimation of Inequalities -- 6. The Composition of Differences: Unequal Partitions -- 7. An Example of the Composition of the Variations of Variations -- II/The Quantification of Constituted Functions -- 8. The Functional Relation between the Increase and the Decrease of Both Sides of a Rectangle Having a Constant Perimeter — The Transformations of the Perimeter of a Square -- 9. Serial Regularities and Proportions -- 10. The Relation between the Size of a Wheel and the Distance Travelled -- 11. The Establishment of a Functional Relation among Several Variables: Distance Travelled, Wheel Size and Rotational Frequency -- 12. The Inverse Proportional Relationship between Weight W and Distance D (Arm of a Lever) in the Equilibrium of a Balance -- 13. Conclusion of Chapters 8 to 12: The General Evolution of Behaviors -- III/Theoretical Problems -- 14. Analyses to Aid in the Epistemological Study of the Notion of Function -- 15. General Conclusions.
    Abstract: Years ago, prompted by Grize, Apostel and Papert, we undertook the study of functions, but until now we did not properly understand the relations between functions and operations, and their increasing interactions at the level of 'constituted functions'. By contrast, certain recent studies on 'constitutive functions', or preoperatory functional schemes, have convinced us of the existence of a sort of logic of functions (springing from the schemes of actions) which is prior to the logic of operations (drawn from the general and reversible coordinations between actions). This preoperatory 'logic' accounts for the very general, and until now unexplained, primacy of order relations between 4 and 7 years of age, which is natural since functions are ordered dependences and result from oriented 'applications'. And while this 'logic' ends up in a positive manner in formalizable structures, it has gaps or limitations. Psychologically, we are interested in understanding the system­ atic errors due to this primacy of order, such ·as the undifferentiation of 'longer' and 'farther', or the non-conservations caused by ordinal estimations (of levels, etc. ), as opposed to extensive or metric evaluations. In a sense which is psychologically very real, this preoperatory logic of constitutive functions represents only the first half of operatory logic, if this can be said, and it is reversibility which allows the construction of the other half by completing the initial one-way structures.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 183
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401010429
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 273 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Social History 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: History
    Abstract: I. A Georgian Menshevik -- II. A Menshevik in the Duma -- III. A Siberian Zimmerwaldist -- IV. A Democrat in the Revolution -- 1. A Revolutionary Defensist -- 2. Leader of the Soviet -- 3. Minister Tsereteli -- 4. The Last Compromise -- 5. Swan Song -- V. A Georgian Internationalist -- 1. A Separatist in spite of Himself -- 2. A Georgian Diplomat -- 3. Towards Isolation -- VI. Conclusion.
    Abstract: About Tsereteli relatively little has been written in historical literature. A study of his political career fits well into the current, gradually widening interest in the men who were the losers in the Russian revolution. A biography of Tsereteli is certainly not out of place alongside S. H. Baron's biography of Plekhanov, I. Getzler's work on Martov and the biography of Aksel'rod by A. Ascher. While Plekhanov, Martov and Aksel'rod laid down the theoretical principles of Menshe­ vism, Tsereteli was certainly their superior in the field of practical politics. The quantity and quality of the available source material is un­ equally divided over the different periods of Tsereteli's life. There is very little more about his youth than the brief notes which he himself made much later in his life, and the recollections which Boris Niko­ laevskii and Tsereteli's sister Eliko noted down from things he said. There is quite a lot of material about the student movement in Moscow between I900 and I902, in which he took an active part, so that it is possible to get a good general picture. Since the students often acted anonymously, however, it is not easy to determine Tsereteli's role.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 184
    ISBN: 9789401708371
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 324 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books on Philosophy of Science, Methodology, and Epistemology Published in Connection with the University of Western Ontario Philosophy of Science Programme 11
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 11
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I / Problems in the Methodology of Science -- Methodology and Systematic Philosophy -- Identity by Sense in Empirical Sciences -- Towards a General Semantics of Empirical Theories -- II / Identifiability Problems -- Identifiability and the Status of Theoretical Terms -- Definability and Identifiability: Certain Problems and Hypotheses -- On Identifiability in Extended Domains -- Prediction and Identifiability -- III / Foundations of Probability and Induction -- An Argument for Comparative Probability -- On the Truthlikeness of Generalizations -- A Third Dogma of Empiricism -- Causal Thinking in Judgment under Uncertainty -- IV / The Concept of Randomness -- A Survey of the Theory of Random Sequences -- Mises Redux -- V / Foundational Problems in Linguistics -- Foundations of Philosophical Pragmatics -- On Problems of Speech Act Theory -- VI / The Prospects of Transformational Grammar -- Transformations and Categories in Syntax -- Consequence of Speaking -- Formal Properties of Phonological Rules -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: The Fifth International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science was held at the University of Western Ontario, London, Canada, 27 August to 2 September 1975. The Congress was held under the auspices of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science, Division of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science, and was sponsored by the National Research Council of Canada and the University of Western Ontario. As those associated closely with the work of the Division over the years know well, the work undertaken by its members varies greatly and spans a number of fields not always obviously related. In addition, the volume of work done by first rate scholars and scientists in the various fields of the Division has risen enormously. For these and related reasons it seemed to the editors chosen by the Divisional officers that the usual format of publishing the proceedings of the Congress be abandoned in favour of a somewhat more flexible, and hopefully acceptable, method of pre­ sentation. Accordingly, the work of the invited participants to the Congress has been divided into four volumes appearing in the University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science. The volumes are entitled, Logic, Foundations of Mathematics and Computability Theory, Foun­ dational Problems in the Special Sciences, Basic Problems in Methodol­ ogy and Linguistics, and Historical and Philosophical Dimensions of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 185
    ISBN: 9789401011860
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (301p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences A Yearbook 1
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Social history.
    Abstract: I: The Institutionalisation of the Sciences: Changing Concepts and Approaches in the History and Sociology of Science -- The Social Construction of Scientific Knowledge -- The Social Construction of Science: Institutionalisation and Definition of Positive Science in the Latter Half of the Seventeenth Century -- Problems of a Historical Study of Science -- Scientific Ideology and Scientific Process: The Natural History of a Conceptual Shift -- II: Social Relations of Cognitive Structures in the Sciences -- Ontological and Epistemological Commitments and Social Relations in the Sciences: The Case of the Arithmomorphic System of Scientific Production -- Cognitive Norms, Knowledge- Interests and the Constitution of the Scientific Object: A Case Study in the Functioning of Rules for Experimentation -- Changes in the Social and Intellectual Organisation of the Sciences: Professionalisation and the Arithmetic Ideal -- What Does a Proof Do If It Does Not Prove? A Study of the Social Conditions and Metaphysical Divisions Leading to David Bohm and John von Neumann Failing to Communicate in Quantum Physics -- III: Social Goals, Political Programmes and Scientific Norms -- The Political Direction of Scientific Development -- Scientific Purity and Nuclear Danger: The Case of Risk-Assessment -- Creation vs Evolution: The Politics of Science Education.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 186
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401012683
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (139p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Monographs on Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, Philosophy of Science, Sociology of Science and of Knowledge, and on the Mathematical Methods of Social and Behavioral Sciences 120
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 120
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Abstract: 1. Action Modalities -- 1. Some Remarks on the Language L -- 2. On the Semantics of a First-Order Language -- 3. The Semantics for L -- 4. Necessity for something that an Agent does -- 5. Counteraction Conditionality -- 6. Some Defined Action Concepts -- 7. On the Logic of L -- 8. Act Relations -- 9. Act Relations and N-Equality -- 10. Consequences of Action -- 2. Intentions and Reasons -- 11. Belief -- 12. Norms and Normative Positions -- 13. Singular Norms and Intentions to do -- 14. Sets and Systems of Norms -- 15. Intentional Action -- 16. Transmission of Intention -- 17. Acting with a Further Intention -- 18. Reasons for Action and Wants -- 19. Valuations and Value Positions -- 20. Attitudes -- 3. Activities and Proceedings -- 21. Action Complexes -- 22. Structure of Activities: Two Examples -- 23. Finite Automata -- 24. Transmission of Agency -- 25. Determinism and Agency -- 26. Intervention in Norm-Governed Worlds -- 27. Grammars -- 28. Organizations -- 29. L-Grammars and L-Organizations -- 30. Role Structures -- 4. Control, Influence and Interaction -- 31. Control in Relation to an Agent -- 32. On the Power to Act -- 33. Influence and Social Power -- 34. On the Measurement of Influence -- 35. Control over an Agent -- 36. On Communication and Control -- 37. Action in Consequence Relations -- 38. Interaction -- 39. Social Groups and Social Systems -- 40. The Basis of Social Order -- 5. Social Dynamics -- 41. Information-Feedback Control: An Example -- 42. Elementary Information-Feedback Control Loops -- 43. A Dynamic System Model -- 44. Application of the Model to N-Agent Actions -- 45. Elementary Dynamics -- 46. Two-Agent Dynamic Action -- 47. Interdependent Decision -- 48. Interdependent Decision: Metagames -- 49. Metagames and Incomplete Information -- 50. Teleological Systems -- 6. Action-Explanations -- 51. Understanding and Knowledge of Facts -- 52. Understanding and Knowledge of Intentions and Actions -- 53. Meaning and Understanding -- 54. Essential Explanations -- 55. Counterfactuals and Causal Explanations -- 56. Counterfactuals and Explanation of Actions -- 57. Functional Explanation -- 58. Laws and Explanation of Actions -- 59. Free Will and the Validity of Laws -- 60. Agents.
    Abstract: This book is intended as a contribution to the foundations of the sciences of man, especially the social sciences. It has been argued with increasing frequency in recent years that the vocabulary of social science is to a large extent an action vocabulary and that any attempt to systematize concepts and establish bases for understanding in the field cannot, therefore, succeed unless it is firmly built on action theory. I think that these claims are sub­ stantially correct, but at the same time it seems to me that action theory, as it is relevant to social science, still awaits vital contributions from logic and philosophy. For example, it has often been said, rightly I believe, that situa­ tions in which two or more agents interact constitute the subject-matter of social science. But have we got an action theory which is rich enough or com­ prehensive enough to allow us to characterize the interaction situation? I think not. Once we have such a theory, however, we should be able to give an accurate account of central social phenomena and to articulate our concep­ tions about the nature of social reality. The conceptual scheme advanced in this book consists, in the first instance, of solutions to a number of characterization problems, i. e. problems which may be expressed by questions of the form "What is the nature of . . .
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 187
    ISBN: 9789401012768
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (548p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, An International Series in the Philosophy and Methodology of the Social and Behavioral Sciences 16
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library 16
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Social sciences Methodology ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Abstract: I: Approaches to Real-Life Situations: Problems of Improvement -- Editors’ Introduction -- Cognitive Processes and Societal Risk Taking -- Cognitive Processes and Societal Risk Taking/Comments -- The Use of Credible Intervals in Temperature Forecasting: Some Experimental Results -- Decisions Concerning Job Choice -- The Application of Multi-Attribute Utility Models to some Uncertain Decision Situations in Areas of Business and Public Policy -- Influence of Attribute Formulation on the Evaluation of Apartments by Multi-Attribute Utility Procedures -- Modelling Preferences among Distributions Using Fuzzy Relations -- Subjective Probability Elicitation: A Comparison of Performance Variables -- Rewarding Expertise in Probability Assessment -- The Psychology of the Ouija Board -- II: Analysis and Improvement of Models and Methods -- Editors’ Introduction -- Application of Multi-Attribute Utility Theory 165 -- Applications of Multi-Attribute Utility Theory/Comments -- “Motivational” Components of Utility -- Methods for Aggregating Opinions -- Methods for Aggregating Opinions/Comments -- The Continuous Ranked Probability Score in Practice -- Calibration of Probabilities: The State of the Art -- Calibration of Probabilities: The State of the Art/Comments -- Consistency of Future Event Assessments -- A Study of Intransitive Preferences Using a Think Aloud Procedure -- III: Perspectives for Further Inquiry in Decision Theory -- Editors’ Introduction -- Measurement and Interpretation of Beliefs -- Measurement and Interpretation of Beliefs/Comments -- Decision Making and Cognition -- Decision Making and Cognition/Comments -- Cognitive Functions in Decision Making -- Optimal Policies, Degradation, and Cognition -- Optimal Policies, Degradation, and Cognition/Comments -- Decision Making and Numerical Structuring -- Bayesian Statistics and Efficient Information Processing Constrained by Probability Models -- Praxiology and Decision Theory -- Cultural Differences in Viewing Uncertainty and Assessing Probabilities -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: It is only just recently that people have the tools to judge how well they are doing when making decisions. These tools were conceptualized in the seventeenth century. Since then many people have worked to sharpen the concepts, and to explore how these can be applied further. The problems of decision-making and the theory developed correspondingly have drawn the interest of mathematicians, psychologists, statisticians, economists, philosophers, organizational experts, sociologists, not only for their general relevance, but also for a more intrinsic fascination. There are quite a few institutionalized activities to disseminate results and stimulate research in decision-making. For about a decade now a European organizational structure, centered mainly around the psy­ chological interest in decision-making. There have been conferences in Hamburg, Amsterdam, Uxbridge, Rome and Darmstadt. Conference papers have been partly published+. The organization has thus stabilized, and its re­ latively long history makes it interesting to see what kind of developments occurred, within the area of interest.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 188
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401010955
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (414p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The Van Leer Jerusalem Foundation Series 1
    Series Statement: Jerusalem Van Leer Foundation 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of mind. ; Self.
    Abstract: Introduction: Against the Elitism of Excessive Scholarship -- Notes -- One: Man as Machine -- Notes -- I. Positivism is to be rejected out of hand -- Notes -- II. Reductionism is an attractive metaphysics -- Notes -- III. Explanation is not elimination -- Notes -- IV. In praise of methodological pluralism -- V. In praise of idle speculation -- Notes -- Two: Man as Animal -- Notes -- VI. Man-as-animal is not the animal-in-man -- Notes -- VII. The philosophical weakness of neo-Darwinism -- Notes -- VIII. The subtlety of behaviorism is sham -- Notes -- IX. Behaviorism as a stern moralizing -- Notes -- X. Anti-intellectualism explained -- Notes -- Three: Man as Rational -- Notes -- XI. Greek metaphysics today -- Notes -- XII. Science and pseudo-science are entangled -- Notes -- XIII. Science is traditionally based on a myth -- Notes -- XIV. The myth that science is utterly rational -- Notes -- XV. Social science without the myth of science -- Notes -- Four: Man as Social -- Notes -- XVI. The rationality of science is partial -- Notes -- XVII. Assuming too much rationality is silly -- Notes -- XVIII. Equality is hard to define -- Notes -- XIX. Psychologism and collectivism explain away each other -- Notes -- XX. A non-reductionist demarcation between psychology and sociology -- Notes -- Five: Man in the Image of God -- Notes -- XXI. Utopias of psychologism and of collectivism are identical -- Notes -- XXII. Skepticism rehabilitated -- Notes -- XXIII. Culture is no burden -- Notes -- XXIV. An image of the democratic man -- Notes -- XXV. Towards a rational philosophical anthropology -- Notes -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: The thesis of the present volume is critical and dual. (1) Present day philosophy of man and sciences of man suffer from the Greek mis­ taken polarization of everything human into nature and convention which is (allegedly) good and evil, which is (allegedly) truth and fal­ sity, which is (allegedly) rationality and irrationality, to wit, the polar­ ization of all fields of inquiry, the natural and social sciences, as well as ethics and all technology, whether natural or social, into the totally positive and the totally negative. (2) Almost all philosophy and sci­ ences of man share the erroneous work ethic which is the myth of man's evil nature - the myth of the beast in man, the doctrine of original sin. To mediate or to compromise between the first view of human nature as good with the second view of it as evil, sociologists have devised a modified utilitarianism with deferred gratification so­ called, and the theory of the evil of artificial competition (capitalist and socialist alike) and of keeping up with the Joneses. Now, the mediation is not necessary. For, the polarization makes for abstract errors which are simplistic views of rationality, such as reductionism and positivism of all sorts, as well as for concrete errors, such as the disposition to condemn repeatedly those human weaknesses which are inevitable, namely man's inability to be perfectly rational, avoid all error, etc. , thus setting man against himself as all too wicked.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 189
    ISBN: 9789401010504
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Melbourne International Philosophy Series 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ontology. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Philosophy, Modern.
    Abstract: 1. Act, Content, and Object of the Presentation -- 2. Act, Content, and Object of the Judgment -- 3. Names and Presentations -- 4. The “Presented” -- 5. So-called “Objectless” Presentations -- 6. The Difference between Content and Object -- 7. Description of the Object of a Presentation -- 8. The Ambiguity of the Term ‘Characteristic’ -- 9. The Material Constituents of the Object -- 10. The Formal Constituents of the Object -- 11. The Constituents of the Content -- 12. The Relationship between the Object and the Content of a Presentation -- 13. The Characteristic -- 14. Indirect Presentations -- 15. The Objects of General Presentations.
    Abstract: Twardowski's little book - of which I here offer a translation - is one of the most remarkable works in the history of modern philosophy. It is concise, clear, and - in Findlay's words - "amazingly rich in ideas. "l It is therefore a paradigm of what some contemporary philosophers approvingly call "analytic philosophy. " But Twardowski's book is also of considerable historical significance. His views reflect Brentano's ear­ lier position and thus shed some light on this stage of Brentano's philo­ sophy. Furthermore, they form a link between this stage, on the one hand, and those two grandiose attempts to propagate rationalism in an age of science, on the other hand, which are known as Meinong's theory of entities and HusserI's phenomenology. Twardowski's views thus point to the future and introduce many of the problems which, through the influence of Meinong, HusserI, Russell, and Moore, have become standard fare in contemporary philosophy. In this introduc­ tion, I shall call attention to the close connection between some of Twardowski's main ideas and the corresponding thoughts of these four philosophers. 1. IDEAS AND THEIR INTENTIONS Twardowski's main contention is clear. He claims that we must dis­ tinguish between the act, the content, and the object of a presentation. The crucial German term is 'V orstellung. ' This term has a corresponding verb and allows for such expressions as 'das V orgestellte.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 190
    ISBN: 9789401010344
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (260p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Packull, Werner O. [Rezension von: Lienhard, Marc, The Origins and Characteristics of Anabaptism/Les Debuts et les Caracteristiques de L' Anabaptisme] 1978
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales D’histoire Des Idees / International Archives of the History of Ideas 87
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 87
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: History
    Abstract: Table of Contents/Table des Matieres -- I. Origins and Typology/Origines et Typologie -- The Radical Reformation, political pluralism, and the Corpus Christianum -- The origins of anabaptism: Ascetic and charismatic elements exemplifying continuity and discontinuity -- Ursprünge und Strömungen des Täufertums in Österreich -- The influence of Jacob Strauss on the Anabaptists. A problem in historical methodology -- Reublin and Brötli, the revolutionary beginnings of Swiss Anabaptism -- II. Special Essays: Places and Figures of Anabaptism/Etudes Particulieres: Lieux et Figures de L’Anabaptisme -- Sattler et Loyola: Ou deux formes de radicalisme religieux au XVIº siècle -- Zwingli et Calvin, Critiques de la confession de Schleitheim -- Anfänge und Aspekte der Theologie Hubmaiers -- Karlstadt und die Entstehung der Straßburger Täufergemeinde -- Les autorités civiles et les anabaptistes: Attitudes du magistrat de Strasbourg (1526–1532) -- Melchior Hoffman and Strasbourg Anabaptism -- Notule sur la situation de L’Eglise strasbourgeoise en 1529 -- Exposition de documents originaux concernant les anabaptistes à Strasbourg au i6e siècle -- List of abbreviations/Liste des abréviations -- Bibliography/Bibliographie -- List of collaborators/Liste des collaborateurs.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 191
    ISBN: 9789401010276
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idees / International Archives of the History of Ideas 84
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 84
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy, modern ; History
    Abstract: Table Des Matieres -- Première Section -- La Tradition Catholique -- Deuxième Section. Les Physiques Eucharistiques -- I. René Descartes -- Chapitre premier -- Chapitre second -- II. Robert Desgabets -- Chapitre troisième -- Conclusion -- 1. Biblographie de dom Robert Desgabets -- 2. Inventaire du manuscrit 366 de la Bibliothèque de Chartres -- 3. Deux textes inédits de dom Desgabets -- 4. Bibliographie de la première section -- 5. Note sur la Bibliographie de la deuxième section -- Indices -- Index des principales notions -- Index des noms propres -- Addendum.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 192
    ISBN: 9789401011969
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (328p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Episteme, A Series in the Foundational, Methodological, Philosophical, Psychological, Sociological and Political Aspects of the Sciences, Pure and Applied 5
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Include the Observer in the Wave Function? -- On the Possible Connections between Quantum Mechanics and Gravitation -- The Quantum Probability Calculus -- Quantum Logics and Ideal Measurements of the First Kind -- A First Lecture on Quantum Mechanics -- Essay on the Development of the Statistical Theory of the Calculus of Probability -- The Quantum Mechanical One-System Formalism, Joint Probabilities and Locality -- On Propositions and Physical Systems -- Towards a Proper Quantum Theory -- On the Intuitive Understanding of Non-Locality as Implied by Quantum Theory -- Four Ideas of David Bohm on the Relationship between Quantum Mechanics and Relativity -- The Role of Quantum Mechanics in the Set-up of a Mathematical Government among Molecular Populations -- Hidden Parameters, Hidden Probabilities -- The Recent Attempts to Verify Quantum Mechanics -- Spin Correlation Measurement in Proton-Proton Scattering and Comparison with the Theories of the Local Hidden Variables.
    Abstract: The articles collected in this volume were written for a Colloquium on Fifty Years of Quantum Mechanics which was held at the University Louis Pasteur of Strasbourg on May 2-4, 1974, in commemoration of the original work by De Broglie in 1924. It is our hope that this volume will convey to the reader the idea that quantum mechanics, besides being a fundamental tool for scien­ tific workers today, is also a source of a number of questions and thoughts about the interpretation of the foundation of quantum mechanics itself. This gives rise to problems of a philosophical and logical character and has repercussions on other domains such as the theory of gravitation. Besides the papers presented at the Colloquium, an article has been included by D. Bohm and B. Hiley. This compensates, perhaps, for the article of S. Kochen, whose manuscript unfortunately did not reach us in time for inclusion in ~his volume. A few months after this Colloquium we learned of the death of Professor Jauch, who had taken a lively and crucial part in its discussions. We have been extremely saddened by the news of his death, and would like to express our long standing indebtedness to him as a physicist.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 193
    ISBN: 9789401011358
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (464p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Monographs on Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, Philosophy of Science, Sociology of Science and of Knowledge, and on the Mathematical Methods of Social and Behavioral Sciences 103
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 103
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Abstract: A -- Some problems of formal methodology -- Approximate truth and truthlikeness -- A multiple sentential logic for empirical theories -- An axiomatic foundation for the logic of inductive generalization -- A two-dimensional continuum of a priori probability distributions on constituents -- Inductive logic and theoretical concepts -- A pragmatic approach to the formalization of empirical theories -- Uncertainty, probability and empirical knowledge -- The concept of empirical data -- Interpretation of theoretical terms: In defence of an empiricist dogma -- Definability problems in the methodology of science -- Laws, identities and reduction -- On logical analysis of methods -- Axiomatization in expected utility theory -- A logical model for game-like situations and the transformation of game-like situations -- Indeterminate probabilities -- Theoretical laws -- Causality, ontology and subsumptive explanation -- On the introduction of intensions into set theory -- Types of information and their role in the methodology of science -- Classification and ranking models in the discrete data analysis -- What have physicists learned from experience about inductive inference? -- B (Papers presented by title) -- Verisimilitude: Popper, Miller and Hattiangadi -- On a general scheme of causal analysis -- Logic of quantum mechanics -- On possibilities and limits of the application of inductive methods -- Correspondence principle and the idealization -- Pragmatic meaning and truth -- Semantic complementarity in quantitative empirical sciences -- Marx’s concept of law of science -- The impossibility theorem for universal theory of prediction -- Scientific knowledge-formation -- The methodology of behavioral theory construction: Nomological-deductive and axiomatic aspects of formalized theory -- Intertheory relations on the formal and semantical level.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 194
    ISBN: 9789401011419
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (444p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science 10
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 10
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Logic ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I/Foundations of The Physical Sciences -- Genesis and Observership -- The Methodology of Physics and Topology -- Axiomatics and the Search for the Foundations of Physics -- II/The Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics -- What is Philosophically Interesting about Quantum Mechanics? -- Completeness and Realism in Quantum Mechanics -- III/Foundations of biology -- The Ontological Status of Species as Evolutionary Units -- Theories and Observations of Developmental Biology -- Organic Determinism and Teleology in Biological Research -- Explicit and Implicit Semantic Content of the Genetic Information -- IV/Foundations of Psychology -- Consciousness and the Brain -- Causality and Action -- Methodological Aspects of Analysis of Activity -- V/The Status of Learning Theories -- A Survey of Contemporary Learning Theories -- Conditioning as the Perception of Causal Relations -- Leanable Functions -- VI/Foundations of The Social Sciences -- The Methodology of Social Knowledge and the Problem of the Integration of the Sciences -- VII/Justice and Social Change -- Welfare Inequalities and Rawlsian Axiomatics -- Nonlinear Social Welfare Functions: A Rejoinder to Prof. Sen -- Non Linear Social Welfare Functions: A Reply to Prof. Harsanyi -- The Measurement of Social Inequality -- VIII/Rationality in Social Sciences -- Advances in Understanding Rational Behavior -- Towards a Unified Decision Theory: A Non-Bayesian Approach -- On the Rationale of the Bayesian Approach: Comments on Prof. Watkins’s Paper -- The Dual Function of Rationality -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: The Fifth International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science was held at the University of Western Ontario, London, Canada, 27 August to 2 September 1975. The Congress was held under the auspices of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science, Division of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science, and was sponsored by the National Research Council of Canada and the University of Western Ontario. As those associated closely with the work of the Division over the years know weIl, the work undertaken by its members varies greatly and spans a number of fields not always obviously related. In addition, the volume of work done by first rate scholars and scientists in the various fields of the Division has risen enormously. For these and related reasons it seemed to the editors chosen by the Divisional officers that the usual format of publishing the proceedings of the Congress be abandoned in favour of a somewhat more flexible, and hopefully acceptable, method of pre­ sentation. Accordingly, the work of the invited participants to the Congress has been divided into four volumes appearing in the University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science. The volumes are entitled, Logic, Foundations of Mathematics and Computability Theory, Foun­ dational Problems in the Special Sciences, Basic Problems in Methodol­ ogy and Linguistics, and Historical and Philosophical Dimensions of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 195
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401011082
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (420p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The Van Leer Jerusalem Foundation Series 2
    Series Statement: Jerusalem Van Leer Foundation 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Political science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy. ; Political science.
    Abstract: George Lichtheim: Sketch for an Intellectual Portrait -- Marx, Marxism and Method -- Friedrich Engels — Marxism’s Founding Father: Nine Premises to a Theme -- West-European Marxism Today -- Trotsky, Marxism and the Revolution of Backwardness -- The Contexts of Maoism -- Marxism in Russia -- Marxism and Ethics — A Reconsideration -- The Concept of Totality in Lukács and Adorno -- Dialectic without Mediation. On Sartre’s Variety of Marxism and Dialectic -- PCI Strategy and the Question of Revolution in the West -- Zionist Marxism -- Marxism in the Arab World: The Cases of the Egyptian and Syrian Regimes -- Marxism in the Arab World -- Practice and Theory — Kant, Marx, Lukács -- Czechoslovak Marxism in the Reform Period -- Marxism: The Polish Experience -- The Concept of the Asiatic Mode of Production and Contemporary Marxism -- The Student Movement: Marxism as Symbolic Action -- Marxism in Latin America -- Appendix: George Lichtheim — In Memoriam.
    Abstract: The essays included in this volume are based on papers delivered at the International Symposium on Varieties of Marxism, held at the Van Leer Jerusalem Foundation on June 16-19,1974, and dedicated to the memory of George Lichtheim. When the idea of such a symposium was first raised, the organizers planned to have George Lichtheim as one of the main speakers at the event. In our last and brief meeting in London, I suggested this to him and Lichtheim gave his consent to attend the symposium, though at that time no date was yet fixed. His tragic death a few months later left a gap not only in the program of the symposium but in Marxist studies generally; it was felt that per­ haps one way of paying tribute to his contribution to the study of a subject so near to his mind would be to name the symposium in his memory and devote an introductory paper to an attempt at an intel­ lectual portrait of George Lichtheim as an historian of ideas. The volume as published includes all papers delivered at the sym­ posium, with the excep,tion of the papers of J. L. Talmon (Jerusalem) on 'Marxism and Nationalism' and Gajo Petrovic (Zagreb) on 'Yugo­ slav Marxism'. Appended is also a short obituary written by me on Lichtheim for the journal Political Science published by the American Political Science Association.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 196
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401011846
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (335p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, The Structure of Appearance 53
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 53
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: One/On The Theory Of Systems -- I. Constructional Definition -- II. The General Apparatus -- III. Extralogical Bases -- Two I On Qualities and the Concrete -- IV. Approach to the Problems -- V. The System of the ‘Aufbau’ -- VI. Foundations of a Realistic System -- VII. Concreta and Qualification -- VIII. Size and Shape -- Three/On Order, Measure, and Time -- IX. The Problem of Order -- X. Topology of Quality -- XI. Of Time and Eternity -- Index to Special Symbols.
    Abstract: With this third edition of Nelson Goodman's The Structure of Appear­ ance, we are pleased to make available once more one of the most in­ fluential and important works in the philosophy of our times. Professor Geoffrey Hellman's introduction gives a sustained analysis and appreciation of the major themes and the thrust of the book, as well as an account of the ways in which many of Goodman's problems and projects have been picked up and developed by others. Hellman also suggests how The Structure of Appearance introduces issues which Goodman later continues in his essays and in the Languages of Art. There remains the task of understanding Good­ man's project as a whole; to see the deep continuities of his thought, as it ranges from logic to epistemology, to science and art; to see it therefore as a complex yet coherent theory of human cognition and practice. What we can only hope to suggest, in this note, is the b. road Significance of Goodman's apparently technical work for philosophers, scientists and humanists. One may say of Nelson Goodman that his bite is worse than his bark. Behind what appears as a cool and methodical analysis of the conditions of the construction of systems, there lurks a radical and disturbing thesis: that the world is, in itself, no more one way than another, nor are we. It depends on the ways in which we take it, and on what we do.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 197
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401010672
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Social History 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: History
    Abstract: One Bruno Bauer as a Young Hegelian -- I. The problem -- II. Literature on Bruno Bauer -- III. Bauer’s life until the publication of Strauss’ Leben Jesu -- IV. The split in the Hegelian school — emergence of the Young Hegelians -- V. Bruno Bauer as a theologian and critic of Strauss -- VI. Bauerian Critique of the Gospels -- VII. Bruno Bauer as commentator on Hegel -- VIII. Bauer’s conception of religion and history -- IX. Bauer’s political conception -- Two Karl Marx and Bruno Bauer -- I. The personal relations and literary collaboration between Bauer and Marx -- II. Bauerian motifs in Marx’s conception of religion -- III. Bauer’s influence on Marx’s dissertation -- IV. Bauerian motifs in Marx’s conception of alienation -- V. The impact of Bauerian ideas on Marx’s conception of ideology -- VI. Marx, Feuerbach, Bauer -- VII. The polemic between Marx and Bauer.
    Abstract: The present work is aimed at filling a hiatus in the literature dealing with the Young Hegelians and the early thought of Karl Marx. Despite the prevalent view in the past few decades that Bruno Bauer played an important part in the radical activity of Hegel's young disciples in the eighteen forties in Germany, no comprehensive work has so far been published on the relations between Bauer and Marx. In 1927 Ernst Bar­ nikol promised to write a monograph on the subject, but he never did. For the purpose of this study I perused material in numerous library collections and I would like to express my gratitude to the staff of the following institutions: Tel Aviv University Library, the Library and Archive of the International Institute of Social History in Am­ sterdam, the Heidelberg University Library, the Library of Gottingen University, the Tiibingen University Library, Frankfurt University Library, the State Library at Marburg, the Manuscript Department of the State Archives in Berlin.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 198
    ISBN: 9789401010306
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (344p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Institute of Social Studies, Series on the Development of Societies 2
    Series Statement: Institute of Social Studies Series on Development of Societies 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Political science.
    Abstract: I. Introduction ‘Penetration’ and the East African Context -- The Concept of Political Penetration -- ‘Penetration’ and Rural Development in the East African Context -- II. The Colonial Legacy and the Dynamics of Political Control -- Teso in Transformation: colonial penetration in Teso District, Eastern Uganda, and its contemporary significance -- Local Participation in National Politics: Ugugo, Tanzania -- The Legitimacy of the Uganda Government in Buganda -- III. Institutions and Strategies for Rural Development -- Creating and Expanding Organizations for Rural Development -- Economics, Incentives and Development Penetration -- Leadership and Institutions for Rural Development: a case study of Nzega District -- IV. District Politics and Rural Transformation -- Promoting Agrarian Change: penetration and response in Murang’a, Kenya -- Political Engineering and Social Change: a case study of Bukoba District, Tanzania -- Improving Nutrition in Bukedi District, Uganda -- V. The Dynamics of Rural Societies -- Staff Kulaks and Peasants: a study of a political field -- The Social Structure of the Agricultural Extension Services in the Western Province of Kenya -- Legitimacy and Coercion in Bena Politics and Development -- A Low Status Group in Centre-Periphery Relations: Mbai Sya Eitu -- VI. Conclusion -- Recurring Penetration Strategies in East Africa.
    Abstract: The gestation period of this collection has been lengthy even by academic stan­ dards. Some of our long-suffering contributors prepared their original drafts for a workshop held in Nairobi in 1967, and although they have all up-dated their contributions they are still essentially reporting on research conducted in the late 1960s. However, we feel that their various findings and analyses of the issues they respectively treat have a continuing validity in our comprehension of the problem of rural development. Other contributions reporting on more recent work have been incorporated at different times since, most of them not commissioned especially for this symposium but all adding something to our understanding of the problem. The slow accumulation of material which makes up this fmal collection parallels an evolution in our own collective thinking, if indeed not that of most students of 'development' over the past decade. The progression has not been towards fmal clarification of the complex and changing East African realities, nor towards formulation of an accepted model for their analysis; rather, it has been marked by the questioning of the initial, somewhat simplistic assumptions with which some of us started out and a continuing debate and widening polar­ ization of views about the significance of that process of government 'pene­ tration' of the rural areas which is our focus, about the positive or negative value of 'development' policies in East Africa and, indeed, about the appropri­ ate theoretical approaches to the study of 'development' in general.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 199
    ISBN: 9789401010221
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (122p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Hornbostel Opera Omnia 2
    Series Statement: Hornborstel Opera Omnia 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Music
    Abstract: / Contents -- I Chronologische Bibliographie der veröffentlichten Schriften Erich M. von Hornbostels / Chronological bibliography of Erich M. von Hornbostel’s published writings -- II Hornbostel Opera Omnia: Gesamtbibliographie der zitierten Literatur / Comprehensive bibliography of references.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 200
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401011440
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (212p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Vienna Circle Collection 8
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I. The Nature of the Axiom of Reducibility (1928) -- II. A Logical Analysis of the Concept of Probability (1930) -- III. The Concept of Identity (1936) -- IV. Moritz Schlick’s Significance for Philosophy (1936) -- V. Hypotheses (before 1936?) -- VI. Is Logic a Deductive Theory? (1938) -- VII. The Relevance of Psychology to Logic (1938) -- VIII. What is Logical Analysis? (1939) -- IX. Fiction (1950) -- X. A Note on Existence (1952) -- XI. A Remark on Experience (I950’s) -- XII. The Linguistic Technique (after 1953) -- XIII. Belief and Knowledge (1950’s) -- XIV. Two Accounts of Knowing (1950’s) -- Bibliography of Works by Friedrich Waismann -- Index of Names.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...