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  • 1985-1989  (20)
  • Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands  (20)
  • Social sciences  (9)
  • Law  (7)
  • Science.  (4)
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Language
Years
Year
Author, Corporation
Publisher
Keywords
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Anthropology and International Health : South Asian Case Studies (1989)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400922310
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 314 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Culture, Illness, and Healing 15
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Public health ; Anthropology
    Abstract: In this book I present a series of eleven essays written between 1978 and 1987 on subjects relevant to the anthropology of health and international health. The issues addressed in these essays were investigated during 38 months of fieldwork in rural southwest peninsular India (197 4-86) and 15 months of fieldwork in southwest Sri Lanka (1983-84 ). ;During various periods of this time I conducted ethnographic fieldwork, explored the feasibility of participatory community research, facilitated the development of a postgraduate health education training program, and served as a consultant to various international health organizations. The essays document my ongoing attempts to integrate academic interests in the anthropology of health with applications of anthropology for international health and development. The volume is divided into four sections structured around the themes of: ethnophysiology, illness ethnography, pharmaceutical related behavior, and health communication. Included are studies of fertility and pregnancy (Chapters 1 and 2), states of malnutrition and approaches to nutrition education (Chapters 5 and 11 ), diarrheal disease and water boiling behavior (Chapters 6 and 1 0), and lay perceptions of fertility control methods and medicines (Chapters 3 and 7). Emerging from these studies is a recognition that perceptions of ethnophysiology and contingent health concerns signifi­ cantly influence health behavior and the use as well as demand for traditional and modern health resources.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-2231-0
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    On Law and Reason (1989)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9781402083815
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 443 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 8
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Philosophy of law ; Law—Philosophy. ; Law—History.
    Abstract: 'This is an outline of a coherence theory of law. Its basic ideas are: reasonable support and weighing of reasons. All the rest is commentary.’ These words at the beginning of the preface of this book perfectly indicate what On Law and Reason is about. It is a theory about the nature of the law which emphasises the role of reason in the law and which refuses to limit the role of reason to the application of deductive logic. In 1989, when the first edition of On Law and Reason appeared, this book was ground breaking for several reasons. It provided a rationalistic theory of the law in the language of analytic philosophy and based on a thorough understanding of the results, including technical ones, of analytic philosophy. That was not an obvious combination at the time of the book’s first appearance and still is not. The result is an analytical rigor that is usually associated with positivist theories of the law, combined with a philosophical position that is not natural law in a strict sense, but which shares with it the emphasis on the role of reason in determining what the law is. If only for this rare combination, On Law and Reason still deserves careful study. On Law and Reason also foreshadowed and influenced a development in the field of Legal Logic that would take place in the nineties of the 20th century, namely the development of non-monotonic (‘defeasible’) logics for the analysis of legal reasoning. In the new Introduction to this second edition, this aspect is explored in some more detail
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-8381-5
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Major Companies of the USA 1988/89 (1988)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400912977
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 1022 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-1297-7
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The New Asylum Seekers: Refugee Law in the 1980s : The Ninth Sokol Colloquium on International Law (1988)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401763899
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 218 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Studies in Human Rights
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; International law.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-6389-9
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Development of American Federalism (1987)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400932739
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (256p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Political science.
    Abstract: I The Origins of Federal Governments -- 1 The Origin of Federal Government -- 2 The Invention of Centralized Federalism -- 3 Dutch and American Federalism -- II The Measurement of Federalism -- 4 Disharmony in Federal Government -- 5 The Measurement of American Federalism -- 6 The Relation Between Structure and Stability in Federal Governments -- III Federal Institutions -- 7 The Senate and American Federalism -- 8 The Decline and Rise of the Militia -- 9 Administrative Centralization -- 10 Presidential Action in Congressional Nominations -- 11 Party Organization.
    Abstract: The chapters of this book have diverse origins. They were written over the period 1954-1984. Several (i.e., three, four, seven, and ten) were originally published in scholarly journals. Several (i.e., one, eight, nine, and eleven) are excerpts from my previous books: Soldiers of the States and Federalism: Origin, Operation and Significance. And several (i.e., two, five, and six) were written for conferences and are now published here for the first time. Despite the fact that this history suggests they are quite unrelated, these chapters do indeed center on one theme: the continuity of American federalism. In order to emphasize that theme, I have written an introduction and an initial commentary for each chapter. These commen­ taries, taken together, with the introduction, constitute the exposition of the theme. Some of these chapters (four, six, and ten) were written with my students, Ronald Schaps, John Lemco, and William Bast. They did much of the research and analysis so the credit for these chapters belongs to them as much as to me. Chapter five is based quite closely on William Paul Alexander's dissertation for the Ph. D. degree at the University of Rochester, 1973.
    Description / Table of Contents: I The Origins of Federal Governments1 The Origin of Federal Government -- 2 The Invention of Centralized Federalism -- 3 Dutch and American Federalism -- II The Measurement of Federalism -- 4 Disharmony in Federal Government -- 5 The Measurement of American Federalism -- 6 The Relation Between Structure and Stability in Federal Governments -- III Federal Institutions -- 7 The Senate and American Federalism -- 8 The Decline and Rise of the Militia -- 9 Administrative Centralization -- 10 Presidential Action in Congressional Nominations -- 11 Party Organization.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-3273-9
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Status of Soviet Civil Science : Proceedings of the Symposium on Soviet Scientific Research, NATO Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium, September 24-26, 1986 (1987)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400936478
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (308p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Regional planning ; History ; Social sciences ; Culture. ; Ethnology.
    Abstract: 1. Education -- 1.1 The Soviet Scientific-Technical Revolution: Education of Cadres -- 1.2 Soviet Secondary School Mathematics and Science Programs -- 1.3 Commentary -- 2. Scientific Organization -- 2.1 Soviet Organization of International Scientific Contacts -- 2.2 The Academy of Sciences and the Restructuring of R&D in The Soviet Union -- 2.3 Recent Developments in the Administration of Branch Ministry Research -- 2.4 Commentary -- 3. Information and Instrumentation -- 3.1 Information Flows in Soviet Research and Development -- 3.2 Information Channels for Science and Technology -- 3.3 Computer Networks in the Soviet Scientific Community -- 3.4 Franco-Soviet Exchanges in Science and Technology: Instrumentation -- 3.5 Commentary -- 4. Scientific Experience: Case Studies -- 4.1 Cosmic Physics: A Case Study -- 4.2 Soviet Science in the Materials World -- 4.3 Research in Small Groups: The Case of Positron Annihilation -- 4.4 Low Temperature Chemistry -- 4.5 Cross Fertilisation in Medicine: The Case of Leishmaniasis -- 4.6 Soviet Science and Technology: A Crosscutting Overview -- 4.7 Commentary -- 5. Experience of Exchanges -- 5.1 The US-USSR Agreement on Cooperation in the Fields of Science and Technology: 1972–1982 -- 5.2 Scientific Exchange with the USSR under the Agreement between the Royal Society and the USSR Academy of Sciences -- 5.3 Experience with Canadian/Soviet Scientific Collaboration -- 6. Future Trends -- 6. Future Trends.
    Abstract: This volume represents one outcome of the initiatives, taken from time to time by the NATO Science Committee, to add to the work of supporting civil science within the Alliance by mounting open meetings or other projects dealing with some topical aspect of science and technology policy. Past examples have included the 20th anniversary meeting of the establish­ ment of the Science Committee in 1978 which made a review of the achieve­ ments of the various programmes. It proved to be a valuable opportunity to take stock of the impact of science and technology on Western societies and was a particularly useful occasion for a critical analysis of the changing nature and social role of science and technology. In contrast, the Science Committee Conferences in 1973, and 1976, on the 'Technology of Efficient Energy Utilization' and on 'Thermal Energy Storage' were responses of the Committee to specific technological problems, engendered by the then acute energy supply position. A similar technologically oriented study was made in 1975 of the 'Rational Use of Potentially Scarce Metals'. These initiatives were the counterpoint to the bulk of the continuing work of the Committee in funding scientific mobility in the Alliance, as support to civil science. This latter is done competitively in response to unsolicited applications. The Committee hopes to demon­ strate, by its special activities, its flexibility and responsiveness to the evolving activities, technologists and policy makers.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Education1.1 The Soviet Scientific-Technical Revolution: Education of Cadres -- 1.2 Soviet Secondary School Mathematics and Science Programs -- 1.3 Commentary -- 2. Scientific Organization -- 2.1 Soviet Organization of International Scientific Contacts -- 2.2 The Academy of Sciences and the Restructuring of R&D in The Soviet Union -- 2.3 Recent Developments in the Administration of Branch Ministry Research -- 2.4 Commentary -- 3. Information and Instrumentation -- 3.1 Information Flows in Soviet Research and Development -- 3.2 Information Channels for Science and Technology -- 3.3 Computer Networks in the Soviet Scientific Community -- 3.4 Franco-Soviet Exchanges in Science and Technology: Instrumentation -- 3.5 Commentary -- 4. Scientific Experience: Case Studies -- 4.1 Cosmic Physics: A Case Study -- 4.2 Soviet Science in the Materials World -- 4.3 Research in Small Groups: The Case of Positron Annihilation -- 4.4 Low Temperature Chemistry -- 4.5 Cross Fertilisation in Medicine: The Case of Leishmaniasis -- 4.6 Soviet Science and Technology: A Crosscutting Overview -- 4.7 Commentary -- 5. Experience of Exchanges -- 5.1 The US-USSR Agreement on Cooperation in the Fields of Science and Technology: 1972-1982 -- 5.2 Scientific Exchange with the USSR under the Agreement between the Royal Society and the USSR Academy of Sciences -- 5.3 Experience with Canadian/Soviet Scientific Collaboration -- 6. Future Trends -- 6. Future Trends.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-3647-8
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Introduction to Optimization Methods and their Application in Statistics (1987)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400931534
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Science.
    Abstract: 1 An introduction to optimization methods -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 The optimization problem -- 1.3 Some simple examples -- 1.4 Minimization procedures -- 1.5 Constrained minimization -- 1.6 Summary -- 2 Direct search methods -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Univariate search methods -- 2.3 Multiparameter search methods -- 2.4 Summary -- 3 Gradient methods -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 The method of steepest descent -- 3.3 The Newton—Raphson method -- 3.4 The Davidon—Fletcher—Powell method -- 3.5 The Fletcher—Reeves method -- 3.6 Summary -- 4 Some examples of the application of optimization techniques to statistical problems -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Maximum likelihood estimation -- 4.3 Maximum likelihood estimation for incomplete data -- 4.4 Summary -- 5 Optimization in regression problems -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Regression -- 5.3 Non-linear regression -- 5.4 Log-linear and linear logistic models -- 5.5 The generalized linear model -- 5.6 Summary -- 6 Optimization in multivariate analysis -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Maximum likelihood factor analysis -- 6.3 Cluster analysis -- 6.4 Multidimensional scaling -- 6.5 Summary -- Appendix: exercises -- References.
    Abstract: Optimization techniques are used to find the values of a set of parameters which maximize or minimize some objective function of interest. Such methods have become of great importance in statistics for estimation, model fitting, etc. This text attempts to give a brief introduction to optimization methods and their use in several important areas of statistics. It does not pretend to provide either a complete treatment of optimization techniques or a comprehensive review of their application in statistics; such a review would, of course, require a volume several orders of magnitude larger than this since almost every issue of every statistics journal contains one or other paper which involves the application of an optimization method. It is hoped that the text will be useful to students on applied statistics courses and to researchers needing to use optimization techniques in a statistical context. Lastly, my thanks are due to Bertha Lakey for typing the manuscript.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 An introduction to optimization methods1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 The optimization problem -- 1.3 Some simple examples -- 1.4 Minimization procedures -- 1.5 Constrained minimization -- 1.6 Summary -- 2 Direct search methods -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Univariate search methods -- 2.3 Multiparameter search methods -- 2.4 Summary -- 3 Gradient methods -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 The method of steepest descent -- 3.3 The Newton-Raphson method -- 3.4 The Davidon-Fletcher-Powell method -- 3.5 The Fletcher-Reeves method -- 3.6 Summary -- 4 Some examples of the application of optimization techniques to statistical problems -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Maximum likelihood estimation -- 4.3 Maximum likelihood estimation for incomplete data -- 4.4 Summary -- 5 Optimization in regression problems -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Regression -- 5.3 Non-linear regression -- 5.4 Log-linear and linear logistic models -- 5.5 The generalized linear model -- 5.6 Summary -- 6 Optimization in multivariate analysis -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Maximum likelihood factor analysis -- 6.3 Cluster analysis -- 6.4 Multidimensional scaling -- 6.5 Summary -- Appendix: exercises -- References.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-3153-4
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Electronic Mass Media in Europe. Prospects and Developments : A Report from the FAST Programme of the Commission of the European Communities (1987)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400939493
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (538p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Computer engineering ; Social sciences ; Political science. ; Sociology. ; Electrical engineering.
    Abstract: France -- Les nouveaux réseaux d’images en France -- Tendances de l’audiovisuel en France a l’horizon 2000 -- Les médias électroniques, une chance pour les quotidiens francais? -- Great-Britain -- The development of transmission systems in the U.K. A fifteen-year forecast -- Impact of new communication technologies on media industry in the European Community: audio-visual media in Britain -- West-Germany -- The evolution of media infrastructure in the Federal Republic of Germany -- Future trends of the electronic textmedia in West-Germany -- The Netherlands -- Development of transmission facilities for electronic media in the Netherlands -- Future trends of audio-visual media in the Netherlands -- Future trends of electronic textmedia in the Netherlands -- Belgium -- Propos sur les nouveaux médias en Belgique francophone. Prévisions 1995 -- The development of the audio-visual and electronic textmedia in Flanders, respectivily Belgium -- Denmark -- Future media trends in Denmark -- Greece -- Future media trends in Greece -- Ireland -- The impact of new communication technologies on the media industry in the Republic of Ireland -- Italy -- Impact of new communication technologies in the media industry in Italy -- Luxembourg -- Future media trends in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg -- North-American Perspective -- Future development of new media in the European Community. Some implications drawn from the North-American experience -- Japanese Perspective -- The impact of new communication technologies on the media industry in Japan.
    Description / Table of Contents: FranceLes nouveaux réseaux d’images en France -- Tendances de l’audiovisuel en France a l’horizon 2000 -- Les médias électroniques, une chance pour les quotidiens francais? -- Great-Britain -- The development of transmission systems in the U.K. A fifteen-year forecast -- Impact of new communication technologies on media industry in the European Community: audio-visual media in Britain -- West-Germany -- The evolution of media infrastructure in the Federal Republic of Germany -- Future trends of the electronic textmedia in West-Germany -- The Netherlands -- Development of transmission facilities for electronic media in the Netherlands -- Future trends of audio-visual media in the Netherlands -- Future trends of electronic textmedia in the Netherlands -- Belgium -- Propos sur les nouveaux médias en Belgique francophone. Prévisions 1995 -- The development of the audio-visual and electronic textmedia in Flanders, respectivily Belgium -- Denmark -- Future media trends in Denmark -- Greece -- Future media trends in Greece -- Ireland -- The impact of new communication technologies on the media industry in the Republic of Ireland -- Italy -- Impact of new communication technologies in the media industry in Italy -- Luxembourg -- Future media trends in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg -- North-American Perspective -- Future development of new media in the European Community. Some implications drawn from the North-American experience -- Japanese Perspective -- The impact of new communication technologies on the media industry in Japan.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-3949-3
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Autocracy (1987)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401577410
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 231 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Finance ; History ; Political science. ; Finance, Public.
    Abstract: I. Introduction -- II. Coups and Their Prevention -- III. War -- IV. ‘Popular’ Risings -- V. Legitimacy and Ethics -- VI. The Uses of Dictatorship -- VII. Becoming a Dictator -- VIII. The Problem of Succession -- IX. Democracy and Despotism -- Envoy.
    Abstract: My first serious thought about a scientific approach to politics was in Communist China. When the Communists seized China, the American Department of State, which was planning to recognize them, left its entire diplomatic establishment in place. At the time, I was a Vice Consul in Tientsin, so I found myself living under the Communists. While the Department of State was planning on recognizing the Communists, the Communist plans were obscure. In any event, they weren't going to recognize us in the Consulate­ General until formal relations were established between the two governments, so I had a great deal of leisure. As a man who then intended to spend his life as a political officer in the Department of State, I decided to fill in this time by reading political science. I rapidly realized, not only that the work was rather unsatisfactory from a scientific standpoint, but also that it didn't seem to have very much relevance to the Communist government under which I was then living. ! I was unable to solve the problem at the time, and after a number of vicissitudes which included service in Hong Kong and South Korea, neither of which was really a model of democracy, I resigned and switched over to an academic career primarily concerned with that mixture of economics and political science which we call Public Choice. Most of my work in Public Choice has dealt with democratic governments.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. IntroductionII. Coups and Their Prevention -- III. War -- IV. ‘Popular’ Risings -- V. Legitimacy and Ethics -- VI. The Uses of Dictatorship -- VII. Becoming a Dictator -- VIII. The Problem of Succession -- IX. Democracy and Despotism -- Envoy.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-7741-0
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chromosomes Today : Proceedings of the Ninth International Chromosome Conference held in Marseille, France, 18-21 June 1986 (1987)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401091664
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XX, 317 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Science.
    Abstract: Molecular Cytogenetics -- Genetics of Heterochromatin in Drosophila and Maize -- Chromosome Accomodation to Integration of Foreign DNA -- Rapidly Evolving Bkm DNA is Associated with Hypervariable Domains -- Chromosomes of Drosophila -- Molecular Dissection of the Drosophila Chromosome -- Polytene Chromosomes of Drosophila -- Structure and Function of Y Chromosomal Genes in Drosophila -- Chromosomes and Evolution -- A Model for Heterochromatin Dispersion and the Evolution of C-Band Patterns -- The Role of Chromosomes in Speciation: A new Interpretation -- Chromosome Evolution in Marsupials -- Comparative gene Mapping and Primate Evolution -- Chromosomes and Malignant Changes -- Chromosomal Abnormalities in Malignant Lymphoid cell Proliferations. Recent Advances -- Retroviruses with two Oncogenes -- PH1 Chromosome: Cytogenetics and Molecular Aspects -- Sex Chromosomes -- Conservation in toto of the Mammalian X-Linkage Group as A Frozen Accident -- The Genetic Basis of Testis Determination in Man -- A Molecular Analysis of the Human Y Chromosome -- An Evolutionaryly Conserved Early Replicating Segment on the sex Chromosomes of Man and the Great Apes -- Meiosis and Aneuploidy -- Meiotic Behavior of Sex Chromosomes; what is Normal? -- DNAse I Hypersensitivity Characterizes the XY Pairing Region at Meiosis in Man -- Chromosome Behaviour at Female Meiosis in two Murine (Robertsonian) Trisomies -- Meiotic Chromosome Pairing in the Human Male. Experience from Surface Spread Synaptonemal Complexes -- The Oocyte Spindle and Predisposition to Aneuploidy in Mice -- Nucleolus Organiser -- The Molecular Organization of the Human Ribo-Somal Gene -- Nucleolus Organizer Regions and Nucleoli: Cytological Findings -- Relations Between Nucleoli and Nucleolus-Organizing Regions During the cell Cycle -- Nucleolar Organisers in Plants -- Immunocytochemical Localization of RNA Poly-Merase I in the Fibrillar Centers of Nucleoli -- Distribution of Rdna and of Its Transcription Sites in the Nucleolus of the Human Sertoli cell -- Association of Ribosomal Genes in the Human Oocyte At Meiotic Prophase. Cytogenetic Consequences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Molecular CytogeneticsGenetics of Heterochromatin in Drosophila and Maize -- Chromosome Accomodation to Integration of Foreign DNA -- Rapidly Evolving Bkm DNA is Associated with Hypervariable Domains -- Chromosomes of Drosophila -- Molecular Dissection of the Drosophila Chromosome -- Polytene Chromosomes of Drosophila -- Structure and Function of Y Chromosomal Genes in Drosophila -- Chromosomes and Evolution -- A Model for Heterochromatin Dispersion and the Evolution of C-Band Patterns -- The Role of Chromosomes in Speciation: A new Interpretation -- Chromosome Evolution in Marsupials -- Comparative gene Mapping and Primate Evolution -- Chromosomes and Malignant Changes -- Chromosomal Abnormalities in Malignant Lymphoid cell Proliferations. Recent Advances -- Retroviruses with two Oncogenes -- PH1 Chromosome: Cytogenetics and Molecular Aspects -- Sex Chromosomes -- Conservation in toto of the Mammalian X-Linkage Group as A Frozen Accident -- The Genetic Basis of Testis Determination in Man -- A Molecular Analysis of the Human Y Chromosome -- An Evolutionaryly Conserved Early Replicating Segment on the sex Chromosomes of Man and the Great Apes -- Meiosis and Aneuploidy -- Meiotic Behavior of Sex Chromosomes; what is Normal? -- DNAse I Hypersensitivity Characterizes the XY Pairing Region at Meiosis in Man -- Chromosome Behaviour at Female Meiosis in two Murine (Robertsonian) Trisomies -- Meiotic Chromosome Pairing in the Human Male. Experience from Surface Spread Synaptonemal Complexes -- The Oocyte Spindle and Predisposition to Aneuploidy in Mice -- Nucleolus Organiser -- The Molecular Organization of the Human Ribo-Somal Gene -- Nucleolus Organizer Regions and Nucleoli: Cytological Findings -- Relations Between Nucleoli and Nucleolus-Organizing Regions During the cell Cycle -- Nucleolar Organisers in Plants -- Immunocytochemical Localization of RNA Poly-Merase I in the Fibrillar Centers of Nucleoli -- Distribution of Rdna and of Its Transcription Sites in the Nucleolus of the Human Sertoli cell -- Association of Ribosomal Genes in the Human Oocyte At Meiotic Prophase. Cytogenetic Consequences.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-9166-4
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  • 11
    Online Resource
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    Satellite Remote Sensing for Resources Development (1986)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401173643
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 930.1
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Archaeology
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. General Aspects of the Use of Satellite Remote Sensing for Resources Exploration in Developing Countries2. Present Status of Microwave Remote Sensing from Space with Respect to Natural Resources Monitoring -- 3. SPOT: The First Operational Remote Sensing Satellite -- 4. Spacelab Metric Camera Experiments -- 5. Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) and Related Technologies -- 6. Selected Features of the SEASAT Satellite -- 7. First Results of the European Spacelab Photogrammetric Camera Mission -- 8. Thematic Mapping of Natural Resources with the Modular Optoelectronic Multispectral Scanner (MOMS) -- 9. Availability of Remotely Sensed Data and Information from the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Satellite Data Services Division -- 10. A Future Outlook -- 11. Interpretation and Application of Spaceborne Imaging Radar Data to Geologic Problems -- List of Participants.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-7364-3
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wildlife Conservation Evaluation (1986)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400940918
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Science.
    Abstract: One Introduction -- 1 Wildlife conservation evaluation: attributes, criteria and values -- 2 Assessing representativeness -- 3 Ecological succession and the evaluation of non-climax communities -- Two Approaches in different geographical areas -- 4 Evaluation of tropical land for wildlife conservation potential -- 5 Evaluation methods in the United States -- 6 Selection of important areas for wildlife conservation in Great Britain: the Nature Conservancy Council’s approach -- 7 Wildlife conservation evaluation in the Netherlands: a controversial issue in a small country -- 8 Evaluation at the local scale: a region in Scotland -- Three Specific habitats and groups of organisms -- 9 Forest and woodland evaluation -- 10 Evaluating the wildlife of agricultural environments: an aid to conservation -- 11 Ornithological evaluation for wildlife conservation -- 12 Assessments using invertebrates: posing the problem -- Four General principles -- 13 Conservation evaluation in practice -- 14 Design of nature reserves -- References -- Author index.
    Abstract: In the mid 1970s two events led me to get to know the Yorkshire Dales better than I had previously. Since 1964 I had been to the Malham Tarn Field Centre with groups of students, first from the University of Edinburgh and then from the University of York, and my family very much enjoyed the summer days we spent amid this magnificent hill scenery. In 1976, the British Ecological Society and the National Trust jointly worked on a survey of the biological interest of the National Trust properties of the Kent, East Anglian and Yorkshire Regions. Malham Tarn itself, and the surrounding farms, formed one of the twenty properties of the Yorkshire Region. I spent the bank holiday, that commemorated the Queen's Silver Jubilee, at Malham, looking fairly closely at the National Trust's landholding there. Miss Sarah Priest, who also looked at the National Trust properties, and I produced a report in late 1977, attempting both to describe and to evaluate the nature resources of the National Trust in Yorkshire. In the following year, 1978, the Nature Conservancy Council wanted to survey the whole of the upland area that was known as the Malhaml Arncliffe SSSI (Site of Special Scientific Interest). A contract to look at such an exciting area, considering where boundaries should go, and looking to see if there were important areas of habitat that should be brought within the SSSI, was a superb practical antidote to an office in the University.
    Description / Table of Contents: One Introduction1 Wildlife conservation evaluation: attributes, criteria and values -- 2 Assessing representativeness -- 3 Ecological succession and the evaluation of non-climax communities -- Two Approaches in different geographical areas -- 4 Evaluation of tropical land for wildlife conservation potential -- 5 Evaluation methods in the United States -- 6 Selection of important areas for wildlife conservation in Great Britain: the Nature Conservancy Council’s approach -- 7 Wildlife conservation evaluation in the Netherlands: a controversial issue in a small country -- 8 Evaluation at the local scale: a region in Scotland -- Three Specific habitats and groups of organisms -- 9 Forest and woodland evaluation -- 10 Evaluating the wildlife of agricultural environments: an aid to conservation -- 11 Ornithological evaluation for wildlife conservation -- 12 Assessments using invertebrates: posing the problem -- Four General principles -- 13 Conservation evaluation in practice -- 14 Design of nature reserves -- References -- Author index.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-4091-8
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  • 13
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    The Law on Medicines : Volume 1 A Comprehensive Guide (1986)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400941410
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXIII, 362 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Public health laws ; Surgery ; Conflict of laws. ; International law. ; Comparative law. ; Medical laws and legislation. ; Private international law.
    Abstract: 1 Historical background and introduction -- 2 The administration of the Act -- 3 Medicinal products and other articles -- 4 The licensing system -- 5 Licences and certificates relating to products -- 6 Licences for activities -- 7 Controls over the sale and distribution of medicines -- 8 Wholesale sales -- 9 Retail sale of medicines for human use -- 10 Dispensing medicines -- 11 Sales, supplies and administration by exempted users -- 12 Herbal remedies -- 13 Homoeopathy and similar systems of medicine -- 14 Medicinal products for administration to animals -- 15 Medicated animal feeding stuffs -- 16 The packaging and labelling of medicines -- 17 The quality of medicinal products reaching the consumer -- 18 Promotion of sales of medicinal products -- 19 Advertisements and representations directed to practitioners -- 20 Advertisements directed to the public -- 21 Pharmacies -- Appendix 1: Definitions of words and phrases used in the Act and subordinate legislation -- Appendix 2: Recommended warning and advisory labels for dispensed medicines -- Appendix 3: Code of ethics of the Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain -- Appendix 3B: Guide to good dispensing practice -- Appendix 3C: Guide to the self-assessment of professional practice activites -- Appendix 4: NHS limited list.
    Abstract: The Medicines Act 1968 together with its delegated legislation comprehensively controls the manufacture, packaging, labelling, distribution and promotion of medicines for both human and animal use in the United Kingdom. It also controls the import and export of such medicines. It replaced a patchwork of controls which evolved over a century. Since its enactment, more than 150 items of delegated legislation (orders and regulations) have been made under its provisions and about 130 are still operative. The sheer physical bulk of this mass of material causes difficulty, not only in comprehension but also in finding the detail so often required. The situation is exacerbated by the fact that some pieces of legislation have been amended several times. My principal aim is to provide a reference book which contains all of the provisions of the Act and its various orders, regulations as amended to date. The material is arranged to facilitate the search for detail. In order to assist the reader in finding his way through this maze, Chaper 1 consists of a survey of the situation which existed before the Act came into being, together with a synopsis of the present controls. This should enable the reader to appreciate the changes which have occurred and how the system works.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Historical background and introduction2 The administration of the Act -- 3 Medicinal products and other articles -- 4 The licensing system -- 5 Licences and certificates relating to products -- 6 Licences for activities -- 7 Controls over the sale and distribution of medicines -- 8 Wholesale sales -- 9 Retail sale of medicines for human use -- 10 Dispensing medicines -- 11 Sales, supplies and administration by exempted users -- 12 Herbal remedies -- 13 Homoeopathy and similar systems of medicine -- 14 Medicinal products for administration to animals -- 15 Medicated animal feeding stuffs -- 16 The packaging and labelling of medicines -- 17 The quality of medicinal products reaching the consumer -- 18 Promotion of sales of medicinal products -- 19 Advertisements and representations directed to practitioners -- 20 Advertisements directed to the public -- 21 Pharmacies -- Appendix 1: Definitions of words and phrases used in the Act and subordinate legislation -- Appendix 2: Recommended warning and advisory labels for dispensed medicines -- Appendix 3: Code of ethics of the Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain -- Appendix 3B: Guide to good dispensing practice -- Appendix 3C: Guide to the self-assessment of professional practice activites -- Appendix 4: NHS limited list.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-4141-0
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  • 14
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    The Law on Medicines : Volume 3 Distribution and Selling (1986)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401098588
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (256p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Public health laws ; Medical laws and legislation.
    Abstract: Division 5: Controls over Sale, Supply and Administration of Medicines -- III Further Provisions Relating to Dealings with Medicinal Products -- The Medicines (Administration of Radioactive Substances) Regulations 1978 -- The Medicines (Bal Jivan Chamcho Probition) (No.2) Order 1977 -- The Medicines (Prohibition of Non-medicinal Antimicrobial Substances) Order 1977 -- The Medicines (Chloroform Prohibition) Order 1979 as amended -- The Medicines (Phenacetin Prohibition) Order 1979 -- The Medicines (Stilbenes and Thyrostatic Substances Prohibition) Order 1982 -- Divison 6: Controls over Sale, Supply and Administration of Veterinary Products -- The Medicines (Restriction on the Administration of Veterinary Medicinal Products) Regulations 1983 -- The Medicines (Veterinary Drugs) (General Sale List) Order 1984 -- The Medicines (Veterinary Drugs) (Prescription Only) Order 1985 -- The Medicines (Exemptions from Restrictions on the Retail Sale or Supply of Veterinary Drugs) Order 1984 as amended -- Division 7: Quality of Medicines and Medicated Animal Feeding Stuffs -- VIII British Pharmacopoeia and other Publications -- II Certificate of Analysis or Examination of Animal Feeding Stuff (1) -- Division 8 Pharmacies -- IV Pharmacies.
    Abstract: The Medicines Act 1968 together with its delegated legislation comprehensively controls the manufacture, packaging, labelling, distribution and promotion of medicines for both human and animal use in the United Kingdom. It also controls the import and export of such medicines. It replaced a patchwork of controls which evolved over a century. Since its enactment, more than 150 items of delegated legislation (orders and regulations) have been made under its provisions and about 130 are still operative. The sheer physical bulk of this mass of material causes difficulty, not only in comprehension but also in finding the detail so often required. The situation is exacerbated by the fact that some pieces of legislation have been amended several times. My principal aim is to provide a reference book which contains all of the provisions of the Act and its various orders, regulations as amended to date. The material is arranged to facilitate the search for detail. In order to assist the reader in finding his way through this maze, Chaper 1 consists of a survey of the situation which existed before the Act came into being, together with a synopsis of the present controls. This should enable the reader to appreciate the changes which have occurred and how the system works.
    Description / Table of Contents: Division 5: Controls over Sale, Supply and Administration of MedicinesIII Further Provisions Relating to Dealings with Medicinal Products -- The Medicines (Administration of Radioactive Substances) Regulations 1978 -- The Medicines (Bal Jivan Chamcho Probition) (No.2) Order 1977 -- The Medicines (Prohibition of Non-medicinal Antimicrobial Substances) Order 1977 -- The Medicines (Chloroform Prohibition) Order 1979 as amended -- The Medicines (Phenacetin Prohibition) Order 1979 -- The Medicines (Stilbenes and Thyrostatic Substances Prohibition) Order 1982 -- Divison 6: Controls over Sale, Supply and Administration of Veterinary Products -- The Medicines (Restriction on the Administration of Veterinary Medicinal Products) Regulations 1983 -- The Medicines (Veterinary Drugs) (General Sale List) Order 1984 -- The Medicines (Veterinary Drugs) (Prescription Only) Order 1985 -- The Medicines (Exemptions from Restrictions on the Retail Sale or Supply of Veterinary Drugs) Order 1984 as amended -- Division 7: Quality of Medicines and Medicated Animal Feeding Stuffs -- VIII British Pharmacopoeia and other Publications -- II Certificate of Analysis or Examination of Animal Feeding Stuff (1) -- Division 8 Pharmacies -- IV Pharmacies.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-9858-8
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  • 15
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    The Future of European Defence : Proceedings of the second international Round Table Conference of the Netherlands Atlantic Commission on May 24 and 25, 1985 (1986)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401733311
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 130 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Political science Philosophy ; Political science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: 1. Introduction -- 2. The State of the Alliance -- 3. The Strategic Realities of the Atlantic Alliance — A United States View -- 4. The Strategic Realities of the Atlantic Alliance — A European View -- 5. The Economic Realities of the Alliance -- 6. A New Approach to European Security -- 7. Europe’s Technological Self-Assertion -- 8. The Political Realities of the Transatlantic Relationship -- 9. A Realistic Look at Arms Control -- 10. The Speakers.
    Abstract: In May 1985 the Netherlands Atlantic Commission organized its Second International Round Table Conference in the Ridderzaal at the Binnenhof in The Hague. The Conference was attended by 52 direct participants from the United States of America, the United Kingdom, France, the Federal Republic of Germany and The Netherlands. Amongst these were prominent representatives of politics, science, media and peace groups. Under the chairmanship ofMr. Piet Dankert, former President of the European Parliament and former Vice Chairman of the Netherlands Atlantic Commission, and in the presence of 200 observers, the participants discussed the most topical themes of the European security debate. The themes of discussion were each introduced by an outstanding member of the international political scene. The verbatim texts and subsequent discussions have been edited and printed according to the order of the Conference. The editors have furthermore added for the sake of completeness a discourse by Ambassador Maynard Glitman, US negotiator in Geneva on Intermediate Range Nuclear Forces, on the principles and prospects of the US negotiating position. This discourse was held during the annual Study Conference of the Netherlands Atlantic Commission at October 11th, 1985. The Atlantic Commission wishes to express its gratitude to the Algemene Loterij Nederland and the European Cultural Foundation for providing funds for its second international Round Table Conference.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3331-1
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  • 16
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    Support Networks in a Caring Community : Research and Policy, Fact and Fiction (1985)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400951419
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 245 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Sociology.
    Abstract: I: Context -- Foreword -- Social support networks: a literature study -- II: Addresses -- From welfare state to caring society?: the promise of informal support networks -- Combining lay and professional resources to promote human welfare: prospects and tensions -- Economic developments in social security and welfare programmes: the Dutch case -- The significance of the built environment: how to develop new construction designs that could play a part in creating a more caring society -- Social policy and social care: divisions of responsibility -- III: Selected Papers -- Suitable cases for treatment? Couples seeking help for marital difficulties -- The social services as “network organizers” -- Supporting the informal carers -- Conflicts as property: fear of crime, criminal justice and the caring community -- Problems and possibilities in informal care for the impaired elderly -- Community care capacity: a view from Israel -- Mediating structures and the linkage of social care and individual responsibility -- The eighth decade: family structure and support networks in the community -- Supportive relationships and loneliness: suggestions for the improvement of support networks as guidelines for research and policy -- IV: Conclusions -- Conference recommendations -- V: Appendices -- Appendix A: Conference participants -- Appendix B: Papers presented.
    Abstract: The historic Binnenhof, seat of the Dutch government in The Hague, provided the setting (January 1985) for a conference in which participants from eleven countries met to consider the theme: Support networks in a caring community: research and policy, fact and fiction. At the outset, conference leadership - provided by Professors J.M.L. Jonker (The Netherlands) and R.A.B. Leaper (United Kingdom) urged the conferees not to allow their enthusiasm for informal support networks to combine with the pervasive awareness of the failures of welfare states into a simplistic stance of advocacy, with a consequent appeal to politicians to direct state funds accordingly. Legitimate criticisms of the responses of welfare states to the needs of citizens were to be seen as the context for discussion, not the substance of conference deliberations. More specifically, if it is now apparent to many people that governmental assistance of individuals with social needs can lead to an undesirable dependency on the part of increasingly passive citizens, that awareness does not lend logical support to an ideological position that governmental expenditures are pern~c~ous per se - to be replaced as rapidly as possible by a return to reliance on self, family, friends and associations that are developed voluntarily and financed by those who are sufficiently interested.
    Description / Table of Contents: I: ContextForeword -- Social support networks: a literature study -- II: Addresses -- From welfare state to caring society?: the promise of informal support networks -- Combining lay and professional resources to promote human welfare: prospects and tensions -- Economic developments in social security and welfare programmes: the Dutch case -- The significance of the built environment: how to develop new construction designs that could play a part in creating a more caring society -- Social policy and social care: divisions of responsibility -- III: Selected Papers -- Suitable cases for treatment? Couples seeking help for marital difficulties -- The social services as “network organizers” -- Supporting the informal carers -- Conflicts as property: fear of crime, criminal justice and the caring community -- Problems and possibilities in informal care for the impaired elderly -- Community care capacity: a view from Israel -- Mediating structures and the linkage of social care and individual responsibility -- The eighth decade: family structure and support networks in the community -- Supportive relationships and loneliness: suggestions for the improvement of support networks as guidelines for research and policy -- IV: Conclusions -- Conference recommendations -- V: Appendices -- Appendix A: Conference participants -- Appendix B: Papers presented.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-5141-9
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  • 17
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    The Soviet System of Justice: Figures and Policy (1985)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401769945
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 374 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Law in Eastern Europe
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Criminology
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-6994-5
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  • 18
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    International Humanitarian Assistance : Disaster Relief Actions in International Law and Organization (1985)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401769747
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 244 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Private international law. ; Conflict of laws. ; International law. ; Comparative law. ; School management and organization. ; School administration.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-6974-7
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  • 19
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    A Geography of Public Relations Trends : Selected Proceedings of the 10th Public Relations World Congress “Between People and Power”, Amsterdam 3 - 7 June 1985 (1985)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401705752
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 494 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Phonology. ; Communication.
    Abstract: one The state of the art -- 1 The state of the art -- two The flow of information -- 2 Coping with information -- 3 Global information: the right to communicate -- 4 Measuring PR effectiveness -- 5 Intermediating writing: a new language, a new approach -- 6 Information industry: the impact of electronics on PR -- 7 Journalism: gatekeeper or pontiff -- 8 Managing communication in government -- three Organizational communication -- 9 Internal communication for greater involvement -- 10 Communicating within a multinational -- 11 Corporate culture -- 12 Meetings as a tool of internal PR -- 13 Methods of internal communication -- 14 Employees relations: social auditing and motivation -- four Changes in society -- 15 Implications of social and technological changes -- 16 How professional PR may contribute to strategic leadership -- 17 A look at the future, an overview of PR in the nineties -- 18 A look at the future from the continents -- 19 Complexity in international relations -- 20 Survival of the individual in the information society -- 21 PR in crises -- 22 Competition, overlaps and interrelations between various disciplines -- 23 The role of PR in an organisation -- five The profession and its ethics -- 24 Reliability of the PR profession -- 25 Management and moral standards -- 26 Consultants and their code of conduct -- 27 Public relations ethics in practice -- six Trends in education -- 28 A report on the seminar -- 29 The scientific setting of PR -- 30 Theoretical and practical objectives in PR education -- 31 PR education at universities -- 32 A college model -- 33 A university model -- 34 The Berlin model -- 35 Didactics of the case-study method in PR curricula -- 36 Systematics in PR case-studies -- 37 Student participation in research projects -- seven Developments in public relations -- 38 Worldwide marketing trends -- 39 Lobbyists: the unelected lawmakers -- 40 Sponsoring sports and culture -- 41 Significance of minority forces -- 42 Role of women in PR -- 43 Selling a sell-out: PR for mergers -- 44 Planning information for financial communities -- 45 Emergence of soft values -- 46 Communicating with colleagues: the organisation of a PR congress -- 47 Speaking out for ourselves -- 48 Recognizing the PR profession -- 49 Fund raising -- 50 Famous PR cases -- Biographies.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0575-2
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  • 20
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    Coffee : Volume 1: Chemistry (1985)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400949485
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Science.
    Abstract: 1 Introduction -- 1. Origins -- 2. The Coffee Plant -- 3. Producing Countries -- 4. Agricultural Practices -- 5. Processing at Origin -- 6. Roasted Coffee -- 7. Soluble (Instant) Coffee -- 8. Decaffeination -- 9. Composition -- 10. Physiological Effects -- 11. Coffee Quality -- 12. Coffee Substitutes -- References -- 2 Water and Mineral Contents -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Water Content of Green Coffee -- 3. Water Content of Parchment Coffee -- 4. Water Content of Roasted Coffee -- 5. Water Content of Instant Coffee -- 6. Water Content of Coffee Extracts -- 7. Mineral Content of Green and Roasted Coffee -- 8. Mineral Content of Instant Coffee -- 9. Trace Elements in Coffees -- References -- 3 Carbohydrates -- 1. Carbohydrates of Green Coffee -- 2. Carbohydrates of Roasted Coffee -- 3. Carbohydrates of Coffee Brews, Extracts and Instant Coffee -- 4. Some Physical Properties of Coffee Carbohydrates -- 5. Determination of Carbohydrates -- References -- 4 Nitrogenous Components -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Alkaloids (Caffeine) -- 3. Trigonelline -- 4. Nicotinic Acid -- 5. Proteins and Free Amino Acids -- References -- 5 Chlorogenic Acids -- 1. Introduction and Brief History -- 2. Chlorogenic Acids Nomenclature -- 3. Chemical Synthesis -- 4. Physical Properties -- 5. Origin and Function -- 6. Chlorogenic Acids Extraction and Analysis -- 7. Chlorogenic Acids Content in Green Coffee Beans -- 8. Chlorogenic Acids Content of Roasted Beans and Soluble Powders -- 9. Organoleptic Properties -- References -- 6 Lipids -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Coffee Oil -- 3. Coffee Wax -- References -- 7 Volatile Components -- 1. Preamble -- 2. Methodology -- 2.5. Summary -- 3. The Nature of the Volatile Components of Coffee -- References -- 8 Carboxylic Acids -- 1. The Role of Acids in Infusions -- 2. The Acid Content of Green Coffee -- 3. The Acid Content of Roasted Coffee -- 4. The Acid Content of Dried Coffee Extracts (Instant Coffees) -- 5. Determination of Acids -- 6. The Origins of Acids Found in Coffee Infusions -- References.
    Abstract: The term 'coffee' comprises not only the consumable beverage obtained by extracting roasted coffee with hot water, but also a whole range of intermediate products starting from the freshly harvested coffee cherries. Green coffee beans are, however, the main item of international trade (believed second in importance only to oiI), for processing into roasted coffee, instant coffee and other coffee products, prepared for local consumers. The scientific and technical study of coffee in its entirety therefore involves a wide range of scientific disciplines and practical skills. It is evident that green coffee is a natural product of great compositional complexity, and this is even more true for coffee products deriving from the roasting of coffee. The present volume on the chemistry of coffee seeks to provide the re ader with a full and detailed synopsis of present knowledge on the chemical aspects of green, roasted and instant coffee, in a way which has not been attempted before, that is, within the confines of a single volume solely devoted to the subject. Each chapter is directed towards a separate generic group of constituents known to be present, ranging individually over carbohydrate, nitrogenous and lipid components, not forgetting the important aroma components of roasted coffee, nor the water present and its significance, together with groups of other important components.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Introduction1. Origins -- 2. The Coffee Plant -- 3. Producing Countries -- 4. Agricultural Practices -- 5. Processing at Origin -- 6. Roasted Coffee -- 7. Soluble (Instant) Coffee -- 8. Decaffeination -- 9. Composition -- 10. Physiological Effects -- 11. Coffee Quality -- 12. Coffee Substitutes -- References -- 2 Water and Mineral Contents -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Water Content of Green Coffee -- 3. Water Content of Parchment Coffee -- 4. Water Content of Roasted Coffee -- 5. Water Content of Instant Coffee -- 6. Water Content of Coffee Extracts -- 7. Mineral Content of Green and Roasted Coffee -- 8. Mineral Content of Instant Coffee -- 9. Trace Elements in Coffees -- References -- 3 Carbohydrates -- 1. Carbohydrates of Green Coffee -- 2. Carbohydrates of Roasted Coffee -- 3. Carbohydrates of Coffee Brews, Extracts and Instant Coffee -- 4. Some Physical Properties of Coffee Carbohydrates -- 5. Determination of Carbohydrates -- References -- 4 Nitrogenous Components -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Alkaloids (Caffeine) -- 3. Trigonelline -- 4. Nicotinic Acid -- 5. Proteins and Free Amino Acids -- References -- 5 Chlorogenic Acids -- 1. Introduction and Brief History -- 2. Chlorogenic Acids Nomenclature -- 3. Chemical Synthesis -- 4. Physical Properties -- 5. Origin and Function -- 6. Chlorogenic Acids Extraction and Analysis -- 7. Chlorogenic Acids Content in Green Coffee Beans -- 8. Chlorogenic Acids Content of Roasted Beans and Soluble Powders -- 9. Organoleptic Properties -- References -- 6 Lipids -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Coffee Oil -- 3. Coffee Wax -- References -- 7 Volatile Components -- 1. Preamble -- 2. Methodology -- 2.5. Summary -- 3. The Nature of the Volatile Components of Coffee -- References -- 8 Carboxylic Acids -- 1. The Role of Acids in Infusions -- 2. The Acid Content of Green Coffee -- 3. The Acid Content of Roasted Coffee -- 4. The Acid Content of Dried Coffee Extracts (Instant Coffees) -- 5. Determination of Acids -- 6. The Origins of Acids Found in Coffee Infusions -- References.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-4948-5
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