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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401723886
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXV, 384 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Text, Speech and Language Technology 7
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Computer science ; Linguistics ; Information storage and retrieval systems ; Artificial intelligence ; Computational linguistics ; Natural language processing (Computer science). ; User interfaces (Computer systems). ; Human-computer interaction.
    Abstract: The last decade has been one of dramatic progress in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP). This hitherto largely academic discipline has found itself at the center of an information revolution ushered in by the Internet age, as demand for human-computer communication and information access has exploded. Emerging applications in computer-assisted information production and dissemination, automated understanding of news, understanding of spoken language, and processing of foreign languages have given impetus to research that resulted in a new generation of robust tools, systems, and commercial products. This volume focuses on the use of Natural Language Processing (NLP) in Information Retrieval, the technology that grew out of library research to become our best hope in dealing with today's information overload. The book gives a broad overview of the work being done at the junction of these two important fields, and suggests directions for future explorations. It is organized into two loosely structured parts: The first part, consisting of Chapters 1 through 7, discusses research systems and evaluations that represent major avenues where the impact of NLP technologies in information retrieval is being explored. The second part (Chapters 8 through 14) describes specific implementations and prototypes of information systems where NLP techniques are used or proposed to assist in accurate retrieval, text categorization, question answering, and in organizing the results for the user. Audience: This book will be a valuable reference to researchers and practitioners in the fields of Natural Language Processing, Information Retrieval, and Computational Linguistics
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9780585283227
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 394 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Computer science ; Data structures (Computer science) ; Artificial intelligence ; Computational linguistics ; Information theory.
    Abstract: Qualitative reasoning about space and time - a reasoning at the human level - promises to become a fundamental aspect of future systems that will accompany us in daily activity. The aim of Spatial and Temporal Reasoning is to give a picture of current research in this area focusing on both representational and computational issues. The picture emphasizes some major lines of development in this multifaceted, constantly growing area. The material in the book also shows some common ground and a novel combination of spatial and temporal aspects of qualitative reasoning. Part I presents the overall scene. The chapter by Laure Vieu is on the state of the art in spatial representation and reasoning, and that by Alfonso Gerevini gives a similar survey on research in temporal reasoning. The specific contributions to these areas are then grouped in the two main parts. In Part II, Roberto Casati and Achille Varzi examine the ontological status of spatial entities; Anthony Cohn, Brandon Bennett, John Gooday, and Nicholas Gotts present a detailed theory of reasoning with qualitative relations about regions; Andrew Frank discusses the spatial needs of geographical information systems; and Annette Herskovits focuses on the linguistic expression of spatial relations. In Part III, James Allen and George Ferguson describe an interval temporal logic for the representation of actions and events; Drew McDermott presents an efficient way of predicting the outcome of plan execution; and Erik Sandewall introduces a semantics based on transitions for assessing theories of action and change. In Part IV, Antony Galton's chapter stands clearly between the two areas of space and time and outlines the main coordinates of an integrated approach
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401589697
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 378 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 67
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Computational linguistics
    Abstract: Marcus Contextual Grammars is the first monograph to present a class of grammars introduced about three decades ago, based on the fundamental linguistic phenomenon of strings-contexts interplay (selection). Most of the theoretical results obtained so far about the many variants of contextual grammars are presented with emphasis on classes of questions with relevance for applications in the study of natural language syntax: generative powers, descriptive and computational complexity, automata recognition, semilinearity, structure of the generated strings, ambiguity, regulated rewriting, etc. Constant comparison with families of languages in the Chomsky hierarchy is made. Connections with non-linguistic areas are established, such as molecular computing. Audience: Researchers and students in theoretical computer science (formal language theory and automata theory), computational linguistics, mathematical methods in linguistics, and linguists interested in formal models of syntax
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9789401586580
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 153 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, Series A: Philosophy and Methodology of the Social Sciences 22
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library A:, Rational Choice in Practical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science 22
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Economics ; Computer science ; Industrial organization (Economic theory) ; Econometrics ; Labor economics ; Microprocessors. ; Computer architecture. ; Industrial organization.
    Abstract: A new approach to explaining the existence of firms and markets, focusing on variability and coordination. It stands in contrast to the emphasis on transaction costs, and on monitoring and incentive structures, which are prominent in most of the modern literature in this field. This approach, called the variability approach, allows us to: show why both the need for communication and the coordination costs increase when the division of labor increases; explain why, while the firm relies on direction, the market does not; rigorously formulate the optimum divisionalization problem; better understand the relationship between technology and organization; show why the `size' of the firm is limited; and to refine the analysis of whether the existence of a sharable input, or the presence of an external effect leads to the emergence of a firm. The book provides a wealth of insights for students and professionals in economics, business, law and organization
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  • 5
    ISBN: 9789400916005
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics 20
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Computational linguistics ; Psycholinguistics
    Abstract: Computational Psycholinguistics: An Interdisciplinary Approach to the Study of Language investigates the architecture and mechanisms which underlie the human capacity to process language. It is the first such study to integrate modern syntactic theory, cross-linguistic psychological evidence, and modern computational techniques in constructing a model of the human sentence processing mechanism. The monograph follows the rationalist tradition, arguing the central role of modularity and universal grammar in a theory of human linguistic performance. It refines the notion of `modularity of mind', and presents a distributed model of syntactic processing which consists of modules aligned with the various informational `types' associated with modern linguistic theories. By considering psycholinguistic evidence from a range of languages, a small number of processing principles are motivated and are demonstrated to hold universally. It is also argued that the behavior of modules, and the strategies operative within them, can be derived from an overarching `Principle of Incremental Comprehension'. Audience: The book is recommended to all linguists, psycholinguists, computational linguists, and others interested in a unified and interdisciplinary study of the human language faculty
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400917088
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 245 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 63
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Computational linguistics ; Psycholinguistics ; Linguistics.
    Abstract: Parsing with Principles and Classes of Information presents a parser based on current principle-based linguistic theories for English. It argues that differences in the kind of information being computed, whether lexical, structural or syntactic, play a crucial role in the mapping from grammatical theory to parsing algorithms. The direct encoding of homogeneous classes of information has computational and cognitive advantages, which are discussed in detail. Phrase structure is built by using a fast algorithm and compact reference tables. A quantified comparison of different compilation methods shows that lexical and structural information are most compactly represented by separate tables. This finding is reconciled to evidence on the resolution of lexical ambiguity, as an approach to the modularization of information. The same design is applied to the efficient computation of long- distance dependencies. Incremental parsing using bottom-up tabular algorithms is discussed in detail. Finally, locality restrictions are calculated by a parametric algorithm. Students of linguistics, parsing and psycholinguistics will find this book a useful resource on issues related to the implementation of current linguistic theories, using computational and cognitive plausible algorithms
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9789401587310
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 270 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 69
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Computer science ; Genetic epistemology ; Semantics ; Logic ; Philosophy of mind ; Artificial intelligence ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Neurosciences. ; Cognitive psychology.
    Abstract: This book presents the Proceedings of the Second International Colloquium on Cognitive Science, held at San Sebastian in May, 1991, to discuss from an interdisciplinary point of view topics which are at the intersection of philosophy and cognitive science. With a total of eleven papers from leading scholars in the field, the volume provides many different theoretical approaches to the study of Categories, Consciousness and Reasoning. The book is addressed to researchers, specialists, advanced students and scholars in the fields of epistemology, philosophy of mind, psychology, semantics, logic and artificial intelligence
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