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  • 2000-2004  (212)
  • Social Issues/Migration/Health
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264106314
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (130 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Sécurité routière ; mieux protéger les enfants
    DDC: 363.125
    RVK:
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Transport ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This book outlines the progress that has been made in the last twenty years, as well as the need for ongoing change. It provides the latest statistics on children’s injuries, fatalities and trends in transport. It examines the most effective current strategies, identifies areas for improvement and makes a series of policy-related recommendations for improving children’s road safety.
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9789264108356
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (220 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Bébés et employeurs - Comment réconcilier travail et vie de famille (Volume 3) ; Nouvelle-Zélande, Portugal et Suisse
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Babies and Bosses; Políticas de Conciliação da Actividade Profissional e da Vida Familiar (Volume 3); Nova Zelândia, Portugal e Suíça
    DDC: 331.25
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; New Zealand ; Portugal ; Switzerland ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This study, part of a series on OECD countries, considers how a tax/benefit and childcare policies and workplace practices help determine parental labour market outcomes and may impinge on family formation in New Zealand, Portugal and Switzerland. The book makes recommendations for policy reform aimed at a better reconciliation of work and family commitments in these three countries.
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9789264016408
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (162 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Échanges et migrations ; Pour une main d'oeuvre mobile à l'échelle mondiale
    DDC: 331.12791
    RVK:
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Trade ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Building on a recent groundbreaking OECD/IOM/World Bank seminar which brought together over 300 trade and migration officials, this book examines the main issues in the current debate on trade and migration as they relate to mode 4 and the current WTO services negotiations. It also explores possible ways forward for building greater understanding between the trade and migration policy communities on this important and timely issue, and seeks ways to unleash the potential of the temporary movement of service suppliers to bring significant gains to developed and developing countries alike.
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264015609
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (332 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: The OECD Health Project
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Vers des systèmes de santé plus performants ; études thématiques
    DDC: 362.1/094
    RVK:
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This series of seven policy studies were the source material for the synthesis report of The OECD Health Project, Towards High-Performing Health Systems. They cover lessons from experience in health system reform, improving the technical quality of health care, income-related inequality in health care, matching supply with demand for physicians and nurses, excessive waiting times, costs and benefits of private health insurance, and ageing-related spending projections.
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264017214
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (228 p.)
    Series Statement: China in the Global Economy
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 339.22
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Economics ; China, People’s Republic ; Konferenzschrift 2003 ; Electronic books ; China ; Einkommensunterschied ; OECD ; Einkommensunterschied
    Abstract: China has experienced spectacular economic growth since 1978, averaging 8 to 9% per year. As a result, on average, people’s standard of living is far higher than ever before in China’s history. However, economic disparities have also widened very significantly during this period, raising questions about the appropriateness and sustainability of existing policies. This book includes the papers from a seminar held in Paris on 20-21 October 2003 to explore the causes of China's growing economic disparities. The seminar was organised by the OECD and the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) of China. The papers by Chinese and OECD experts look at the driving forces behind these trends and discuss possible policy responses. The collection presents many comparisons with income inequality trends in OECD countries, including geographic disparities, and looks at ways to improve Chinese data on income distribution.
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9789264108684
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (252 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Migration et emploi ; Les accords bilatéraux à la croisée des chemins
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Migration for employment
    DDC: 331.6/2/094
    RVK:
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Personalbeschaffung ; Internationales Abkommen ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Konferenzschrift ; Konferenzschrift ; Electronic books ; Konferenzschrift ; Electronic books ; OECD ; Ausländischer Arbeitnehmer ; Migration
    Abstract: This report opens with an overview of bilateral agreements and other forms of labour recruitment of foreigners in several OECD countries (Czech Republic, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Poland, Switzerland, United Kingdom and United States) as well as in the Philippines and Romania.  It then has a series of chapters describing the management and implementation of these practices and analysing the impact of these agreements on labour markets, economic development and migration policies of both sending and receiving countries.  It also examines the prospects for this type of migration. The Annex lists the principal agreements signed by OECD countries, by type of recruitment scheme (e.g. seasonal, contract workers, trainees and guest workers).
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264017382
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p.)
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi; Korea (Korean version)
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: With one of the most rapidly ageing populations in the OECD area, over the longer term, Korea faces the possibility of labour force contraction and related economic problems. This book examines the situation of older workers in Korea and what reforms are needed to keep more of them in the work force. It is part of a series of reports looking at Ageing and Employment Policies in individual OECD countries.
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264007451
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: The OECD Health Project
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'assurance-maladie privée dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This report provides the first-ever comparative analysis of the role and performance of private health insurance (PHI) in OECD countries. It analyses PHI markets and identifies policy issues arising from their interdependence with publicly financed health coverage schemes. The report assesses the impact of PHI against health policy objectives, paying special attention to the challenges and benefits associated with different insurance mixes. The analysis identifies strengths as well as areas where private health insurance might pose challenges to health system performance. This report shows how governments can help ensure that PHI markets make a positive contribution to the performance of health systems. Examples of useful practices for developing more efficient and equitable health insurance markets are also presented.
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264020313
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 362.6094897
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Finland
    Abstract: This report, part of a series covering around 20 OECD countries, contains a survey of the Finland's main barriers to employment for older workers, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to overcome these barriers, and a set of policy recommendations to further action by public authorities and social partners. These recommendations are designed to alleviate some of the pension and health care pressures governments are facing because of ageing populations.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264105812
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (344 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 331.2522
    RVK:
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Konferenzschrift 2002 ; Electronic books ; OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Altersversorgung ; Reform ; Osteuropa ; Rentenreform
    Abstract: This conference proceedings provided an opportunity for experts to compare public pension reform efforts in Central and Eastern Europe with those in other OECD countries. It looks at the reasons for pension reform, policy choices and constraints, the well-being of older people and distributional consequences of pension reform, and implementation of pension reform proposals.
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  • 11
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.15
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This report presents the recommendations of an international expert group on indicators for diabetes care. Based on a review of existing indicators and an assessment of gaps left open by existing indicators, the experts set out to select indicators to cover clinical processes of diabetes care as well as proximal and distal outcomes of care. The review led to a recommendation of nine indicators: annual HbA1c testing, annual LDL cholesterol testing, annual screening for nephropathy, annual eye exam, HbA1c control, LDL cholesterol control, lower extremity amputation rates, kidney disease in persons with diabetes, and cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes.
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 24 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.16
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Sweden
    Abstract: Until recently, an unemployed person in Sweden who participated in an active labour market programme earned entitlement to a further 60 weeks of unemployment insurance (UI) benefits. A "carousel" effect - cycling between periods of open unemployment and participation in active programmes - increasingly seen came to be seen as a factor making the active programmes less effective in promoting the transition to ordinary work. Following policy reforms in 2000 and 2001, participation in a programme no longer generates new UI entitlements. However, the public employment service (PES) can refer the unemployed to a new programme, the Activity Guarantee. This provides continuing income support, and engages participants in job-search and other activities in principle full-time until they find ordinary work. This paper summarises findings from two questionnaire surveys of the implementation of the Activity Guarantee. The first survey was addressed to PES case workers, who have direct ...
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  • 13
    Language: English
    Pages: 70 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.2
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Canada
    Abstract: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried out by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the second in this series, presenting the Canadian SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 31 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.12
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; France
    Abstract: While France has a universal public health insurance system, the coverage it provides is incomplete and the vast majority the French population has private complementary health insurance. Among OECD countries, the share of health care financed by private insurance is third highest behind the US and the Netherlands, two countries where private coverage is the primary source of payment for a large percentage of the population. France’s high rate of private insurance coverage is partly explained by historical factors and partly by the preferential tax treatment of employer-sponsored coverage. Because of the high rate of employerprovision – roughly half of all contracts are obtained through the workplace – coverage tends to vary with activity and industry classification. Historically, coverage was also positively related with income. In 2000, the French government introduced a new program, the Couverture Maladie Universelle (CMU), which extended eligibility for publicly funded ...
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  • 15
    Language: English
    Pages: 31 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.7
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the seventh in this series, presenting the Korean SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9789264108370
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (244 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Babies and Bosses - Reconciling Work and Family Life (Volume 3); New Zealand, Portugal and Switzerland
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Babies and Bosses; Políticas de Conciliação da Actividade Profissional e da Vida Familiar (Volume 3); Nova Zelândia, Portugal e Suíça
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Babies and Bosses - Reconciling Work and Family Life (Volume 3): New Zealand, Portugal and Switzerland
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Babies and Bosses: Políticas de Conciliação da Actividade Pro& 64257;ssional e da Vida Familiar (Volume 3): Nova Zelândia, Portugal e Suíça
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; New Zealand ; Portugal ; Switzerland ; Berufstätigkeit ; Kind ; Erziehung ; Familienleben ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Cette étude, qui s’inscrit dans une série couvrant différents pays de l’OCDE, examine comment, en Nouvelle-Zélande, au Portugal et en Suisse, les aides directes et fiscales à la garde des enfants et les pratiques des entreprises face à ce problème influent sur le comportement des parents sur le marché du travail et sur la constitution des familles. Elle formule des recommandations de réforme des politiques visant à aider les travailleurs à mieux concilier leurs engagements professionnels et familiaux.
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9789264106130
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Series Statement: Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi/Ageing and Employment Policies
    Series Statement: Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Luxembourg
    Abstract: Pour faire face au vieillissement rapide de la population, il est nécessaire de promouvoir de meilleures opportunités d'emploi pour les travailleurs âgés. On a déjà beaucoup fait état du besoin de réformer les régimes de pension de retraite et de préretraite. Pourtant, cela ne sera sans doute pas suffisant en soi pour relever significativement les taux d'emploi des plus âgés ni pour réduire le risque futur de pénurie de travailleurs. Les autorités publiques et les entreprises doivent sans tarder prendre des mesures pour adapter la fixation des salaires à une main-d'œuvre plus âgée, pour s'attaquer aux discriminations du fait de l'âge et pour améliorer les qualifications et les conditions de travail des travailleurs âgés. En outre, les travailleurs âgés devront changer d’attitude quant à la poursuite de leur activité et à l'acquisition de nouvelles compétences. On sait relativement peu de choses sur ce que les différents pays de l'OCDE sont en train de faire ou devraient faire dans ces domaines. Afin d'y remédier, l'OCDE a lancé une série de rapports dans une vingtaine de pays. Le rapport sur le Luxembourg est le cinquième de cette série, après ceux consacrés à la Suède, à la Belgique, à la Suisse et à l'Espagne. Chaque rapport national fait le tour des principales barrières qui restreignent l'emploi des travailleurs âgés et évalue la pertinence et l'efficacité des mesures existantes pour contrer ces barrières. Enfin, chaque ouvrage présente une série de recommandations sur les politiques que les autorités publiques et les partenaires sociaux devraient mener. Ce rapport, basé sur les actes d'un séminaire, est publié uniquement en français. Cependant, on trouvera dans ce volume la version anglaise du résumé et des principales recommandations.
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  • 18
    Language: English
    Pages: 91 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.20
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The OECD regularly produces estimates of tax burdens and benefit entitlements for a range of “typical household” situations. The results of these calculations (published in the Benefits and Wages and Taxing Wages series) are frequently used to compare countries’ tax-benefit systems and to assess progress towards specific policy objectives. This paper presents information on particular aspects of the structure of household populations across countries in order to help in the interpretation of results based on such “typical” family situations. A range of internationally comparable data sources are used to assess how relevant household circumstances such as family structure, labour market attachment and benefit coverage vary across countries. The results are used as a basis for clarifying the scope of tax-benefit indicators based on synthetically constructed household typologies. “Typical household” calculations cannot be used to address essential distributional issues such as how ...
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9789264020139
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (428 p.)
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
    Abstract: The papers in this conference proceedings address the various conceptual, measurement and statistical policy issues that arise when applying accounting frameworks to the concept of sustainable development.
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  • 20
    Language: English
    Pages: 34 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.11
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Slovak Republic
    Abstract: This paper analyses the Slovak health insurance system and the policy challenges it faces. It describes the structure of health coverage and health sector reforms being implemented by the Slovak government. It provides a preliminary assessment of the possible impact of such reforms, with a focus on the health insurance system and the possible introduction of private health insurance (PHI). It assesses how private health insurance would impact upon the health system, particularly equity, efficiency incentives facing providers and insurers, and responsiveness. The Slovak health system is based upon a mandatory Bismarck-style social health insurance system. Contributions are shared between employers and employees and the state contributes for the inactive population. Five non-profit and non-competing insurers operate nationwide, one of which covers two-thirds of the population. Individuals can freely enrol with any of the insurance companies and a risk equalisation system ...
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  • 21
    Language: English
    Pages: 42 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.13
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Turkey
    Abstract: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the thirteenth in this series, presenting the Turkish SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 44 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.18
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Netherlands
    Abstract: Private health insurance (PHI) is the sole source of primary health coverage for a third of the Netherlands’ population earning above a set income threshold. Social insurance (together with limited public (tax-based financing) is the main source of health coverage for the majority of the population. Most socially insured also purchase supplementary private health coverage. All citizens are eligible for a system of coverage for long-term care and care for the chronically ill. Thus, in the Netherlands, the source of health financing is determined according to the category of health risk, type of illness, as well as income level. Decisions have been made allocating the cost of more expensive long-term care and coverage of high-risk individuals and persons earning below a set level, to social or public insurance, or to PHI subsidised by a broader pool. From an equity perspective, the Dutch public/private financing mix appears to do well, although challenges remain. There appear to be ...
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  • 23
    Language: English
    Pages: 62 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.15
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Governments often look to private health insurance (PHI) as a possible means of addressing some health system challenges. For example, they may consider enhancing its role as an alternative source of health financing and a way to increase system capacity, or promoting it as a tool to further additional health policy goals, such as enhanced individual responsibility. In some countries policy makers regard PHI as a key element of their health coverage systems While private health insurance represents, on average, only a small share of total health funding across the OECD area, it plays a significant role in health financing in some OECD countries and it covers at least 30% of the population in a third of the OECD members. It also plays a variety of roles, ranging from primary coverage for particular population groups to a supporting role for public systems. This paper assesses evidence on the effects of PHI in different national contexts and draws conclusions about its ...
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  • 24
    Language: English
    Pages: 40 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.6
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Japan
    Abstract: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the sixth in this series, presenting the Japanese SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 25
    ISBN: 9789264016415
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trade and Migration; Building Bridges for Global Labour Mobility
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trade and Migration: Building Bridges for Global Labour Mobility
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Trade ; GATS ; Außenhandel ; Arbeitsmobilität ; Arbeitnehmer ; Migration
    Abstract: S’inspirant d’un important séminaire organisé récemment par l’OCDE, l’OIM et la Banque Mondiale qui réunissait plus de trois cents responsables des échanges et des migrations, cet ouvrage se penche sur les enjeux des discussions actuelles sur les échanges et les migrations relevant du « mode 4 » dans le cadre des négociations sur les services menées à l’OMC. Il analyse en outre les stratégies possibles pour favoriser une meilleure compréhension entre les décideurs chargés de l’élaboration des politiques commerciales et les responsables chargés des politiques migratoires. Cet ouvrage propose des solutions pour tirer le meilleur parti des mouvements temporaires de prestataires en procurant des gains appréciables aux pays développés comme aux pays en développement.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264016484
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (142 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Le projet de l'OCDE sur la santé
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Towards High-Performing Health Systems
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Gesundheitspolitik
    Abstract: Ce rapport présente une synthèse des études menées par l’OCDE dans le cadre du Projet sur la santé. On y trouvera des informations et des analyses sur des sujets aussi divers que les technologies médicales nouvelles et émergentes, les soins de longue durée, l’assurance-maladie privée, la maîtrise des dépenses de santé, l’équité d’accès aux soins selon le revenu, la planification des ressources humaines dans le domaine de la santé et leur productivité, et les délais d’attente pour la chirurgie non urgente. Ce rapport s’appuie sur l’expérience de nombreux pays ainsi que sur des données nouvelles relatives aux différences qui existent d’un pays à l’autre. Il constitue une feuille de route tout à fait actuelle pour améliorer les systèmes de santé.
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9789264103191
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (373 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Non-profit Sector in a Changing Economy
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le secteur à but non lucratif dans une économie en mutation
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: Las tendencias económicas recientes, que se reflejan en una mayor presión en términos económicos, la reforma del Estado benefactor, el surgimiento de la sociedad civil y la democracia participativa, han destacado la importancia creciente del sector sin fines de lucro en los países de la OCDE. Este sector, a menudo asociado con conceptos como “la economía social”, “el tercer sector”, “el sector de trabajo voluntario”, “el tercer sistema”, “el sector independiente” y, más recientemente, “la iniciativa empresarial social”, se ha enfrentado a una serie de retos cruciales. Entre ellos se encuentra el impulso para introducir criterios administrativos rigurosos, mientras que a la vez se mantiene la dimensión social única del sector y se fomenta la innovación social. Esta publicación ofrece una evaluación integral y transformadora de las nuevas tendencias en el ámbito de los estudios sobre el sector sin fines de lucro. Contiene contribuciones de expertos y académicos líderes en esta disciplina, y analiza los acontecimientos más significativos registrados en este sector en los países de la Unión Europea, Estados Unidos, Canadá, México y Australia. Asimismo, presenta un análisis comparativo y detallado de las herramientas y métodos empleados para financiar, supervisar y evaluar este sector de actividad económica y social. Este libro es una lectura fundamental para los diseñadores de políticas, practicantes en el sector y académicos interesados en conocer los más recientes acontecimientos teóricos y empíricos registrados en este sector en continua expansión.
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264015548
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Well-being of Nations; The Role of Human and Social Capital
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Du bien-être des nations ; Le rôle du capital humain et social
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Well-being of Nations: The Role of Human and Social Capital
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Du bien-être des nations : Le rôle du capital humain et social
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: DIE ROLLE VON HUMAN- UND SOZIALKAPITAL In unserer heutigen, sich rasch wandelnden Welt dürfte der Erfolg von Nationen, Individuen, gesellschaftlichen Gruppen und Gemeinwesen wohl mehr denn je von deren Fähigkeit abhängen, sich dem Wandel anzupassen, Wissen zu erwerben und auszutauschen. Der vorliegende Bericht trägt zur Klärung der Konzepte Human- und Sozialkapital bei und evaluiert deren Einfluss auf Wirtschaftswachstum und Wohlergehen. Der Begriff des Sozialkapitals, der erst seit kurzem in der Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaft existiert, ist bislang noch relativ wenig belegt. Der Bericht stützt sich daher auf eine Reihe empirischer Untersuchungen, die auf potentiell signifikante Beziehungen zwischen Human- und Sozialkapital hindeuten. Den verfügbaren Erkenntnissen zufolge können Human- und Sozialkapital einen entscheidenden Beitrag zu einer ganzen Reihe positiver Ergebnisse leisten, die von höheren Einkommen über stärkeren sozialen Zusammenhalt bis hin zu größerer Lebenszufriedenheit reichen. Auch wenn es keine Belege für systematische „Unterinvestitionen" weder in Human- oder Sozialkapital gibt, werden doch gewisse Bedenken hinsichtlich Verteilung und Qualität beider Kapitalformen geäußert und die Frage untersucht, wie sich diese Aspekte auf das Wohlergehen künftiger Generationen auswirken könnten. Kurzfristig verfügt die staatliche Politik nur über begrenzten Spielraum zur Beeinflussung von Qualität, Niveau und Verteilung des Human- und Sozialkapitals. Langfristig gibt es aber eine Reihe von Bereichen, in denen staatliche, private und ehrenamtliche Akteure zur Verbesserung des Human- und Sozialkapitals beitragen können.
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264589360
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Governance in the 21st Century
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La gouvernance au XXIe siècle
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Governance in the 21st Century (Korean version)
    Keywords: Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Mit dem Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts stehen weitere dramatische Umwälzungen in Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft an der Tagesordnung. Das zunehmende Zusammenwachsen internationaler Märkte, die Einführung grundlegend neuer Technologien sowie eine sich verstärkende Wissensintensität menschlicher Tätigkeit deuten auf eine außerordentlich komplexe Welt von morgen. Aber wer soll diese Entwicklungen steuern? Und in welche Bahnen sollen sie gelenkt werden? Welche organisatorischen und institutionellen Voraussetzungen und welche Entscheidungsstrukturen und -prozesse werden auf lokaler, nationaler und globaler Ebene benötigt, um diesen Herausforderungen begegnen zu können?Diese Veröffentlichung untersucht die Chancen und Risiken wirtschaftlicher, gesellschaftlicher und technologischer Natur, denen sich die Entscheidungsträger in den kommenden Jahren zu stellen haben werden, und erforscht die Grundlagen, die es der Gesellschaft erlauben, die Zukunft flexibler und mit der Teilnahme aller gesellschaftlichen Kräfte zu gestalten.
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  • 30
    Language: English
    Pages: 39 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.3
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Denmark
    Abstract: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the third in this series, presenting the Danish SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 31
    Language: English
    Pages: 39 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.1
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Australia
    Abstract: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the first in this series, presenting the Australian SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 32
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 56 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.10
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Ireland
    Abstract: This paper analyses the Irish private health insurance (PHI) market. It describes how PHI interacts with the public system, and assesses its contribution to equity, efficiency and responsiveness of the health system. The analysis identifies some of the factors affecting insurance market performance and its impact on the health system, including market characteristics, the regulatory and fiscal environment, health system organisation, and any actors’ incentives and behaviours. PHI plays a prominent role in Ireland. The health system is designed to offer comprehensive publicly funded health services to low-income groups, and universal public hospital coverage. Policies have encouraged the development of PHI to provide all individuals with a private alternative to the public system, as well as a means of funding cost-sharing and services not covered by the public system. With the implementation of the requirements of the Third EU Non-Life Directive, the PHI market, historically ...
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  • 33
    Language: English
    Pages: 51 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.16
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This report presents the consensus recommendations of an international expert panel on indicators for health promotion and primary care. Using a structured review process, the panel selected a set of 27 indicators to cover the three key areas health promotion, preventive care and diagnosis and treatment in primary care. The report describes the review process and provides a detailed discussion of the scientific soundness and policy importance of the 27 indicators as follows ...
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  • 34
    Language: English
    Pages: 44 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.11
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Spain
    Abstract: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the eleventh in this series, presenting the Spanish SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 35
    Language: English
    Pages: 36 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.17
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This report presents the consensus recommendations of an international expert panel on indicators for mental health care. Using a structured review process, the panel selected a set of 12 indicators to cover the four key areas treatment, continuity of care, coordination of care, and patient outcomes. The report describes the review process and provides a detailed discussion of the scientific soundness and policy importance of the 12 indicators as follows ...
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  • 36
    Language: English
    Pages: 40 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.4
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany
    Abstract: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the fourth in this series, presenting the German SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 37
    Language: English
    Pages: 110 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.13
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Dementia and its most common manifestation, Alzheimer’s disease, is a complex disorder that afflicts primarily the elderly, affecting an estimated 10 million people in OECD member countries. The complexity of the disease makes treating dementia extremely difficult, involving a wide variety of social and health care interventions. Typically, these two aspects of dementia care are examined separately. This paper adopts a conceptual model that examines both types of interventions and how they interact along the dementia care continuum. There are no effective health care treatments for stopping dementia, which is why the social care aspect plays an important role in treating the disease, with family members an integral part of this process. This paper shows that programs designed to help alleviate the burden of family members caring for a relative with dementia can have positive health benefits to both patient and family. In particular, the use of group-living, where dementia ...
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  • 38
    ISBN: 9789264108707
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Migration for Employment; Bilateral Agreements at a Crossroads
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Migration for Employment: Bilateral Agreements at a Crossroads
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Beschäftigungspolitik ; Ausländischer Arbeitnehmer ; Einwanderung ; Arbeitsvertrag ; Bilateraler Staatsvertrag
    Abstract: Cette publication dresse un panorama des pratiques des pays de l’OCDE relatives au recrutement de main-d’œuvre étrangère. Elle analyse les obstacles qui peuvent entraver la négociation d’accords de recrutement de main-d’œuvre. Elle présente également les perspectives liées à une éventuelle coopération en matière de migration de main d’œuvre ou de développement dans les pays d’origine. Ce rapport passe tout d’abord en revue les accords bilatéraux et les autres formes de recrutement de main-d'œuvre étrangère dans plusieurs pays de l'OCDE (Allemagne, États-Unis, France, Irlande, Italie, Pologne, République tchèque, Royaume-Uni et Suisse) ainsi qu'aux Philippines et en Roumanie. Il décrit la gestion et la mise en œuvre de ces pratiques, analyse leur impact sur les marchés du travail, le développement économique et les politiques migratoires des pays d'accueil et des pays d'origine. La publication examine aussi les perspectives de développement de ce type de migration. L'annexe contient une liste des principaux accords signés par les pays de l'OCDE, par type de recrutement.
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264015623
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (374 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Le projet de l'OCDE sur la santé
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Towards High-Performing Health Systems; Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Towards High-Performing Health Systems: Policy Studies
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Gesundheitswesen ; Entwicklungsmodell ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Internationaler Vergleich ; Gesundheitswesen ; Qualität ; Effizienz
    Abstract: Cette série de sept études thématiques a été reprise dans le rapport de synthèse du Projet de l’OCDE sur la santé : Vers des systèmes de santé plus performants. Elles dressent un bilan de l’expérience en matière de réforme des systèmes de santé, examinent les stratégies d’amélioration de la qualité technique des soins, étudient les problèmes d’inégalité liée au revenu devant l’accès aux soins, de déséquilibre entre l’offre et la demande de médecins et d’infirmières, de réduction des délais d’attente, pèsent les coûts et les avantages des systèmes privés d’assurance-maladie, et présentent des projections sur l’impact du vieillissement sur les dépenses de santé.
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  • 40
    ISBN: 9789264104754
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (51 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Asset Building and the Escape from Poverty; A New Welfare Policy Debate
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La formación de patrimonio y el escape de la pobreza ; Un nuevo debate sobre la política del bienestar social
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'asset building e l'uscita dalla povertà; Un nuovo dibattito sulla politica del welfare
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Asset Building and the Escape from Poverty: A New Welfare Policy Debate
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La formación de patrimonio y el escape de la pobreza : Un nuevo debate sobre la política del bienestar social
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'asset building e l'uscita dalla povertà: Un nuovo dibattito sulla politica del welfare
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development
    Abstract: Les pouvoirs publics des pays développés ont recours depuis longtemps à des mesures visant de manière directe ou indirecte (par la biais de la fiscalité) à encourager l’ensemble de la population à se constituer un capital grâce à l’épargne, l’accession à la propriété immobilière, les fonds de pension, l’investissement dans la formation (capital humain) ou l’entreprise. Bien souvent, ces mesures ne bénéficient pas aux pauvres. En effet, l’action publique ne stimule pas l’épargne pour ces catégories, elle a même plutôt un effet dissuasif. Pourtant, ce livre montre que les pauvres ont envie d’épargner et qu'ils parviennent à mettre de côté des sommes modestes, parfois au prix de sacrifices beaucoup plus importants que ne l’imaginent les décideurs et les catégories favorisées. Élargir les politiques de constitution du patrimoine aux pauvres peut être un élément décisif dans la lutte contre la pauvreté et l’aliénation sociale et économique. En terme de bien-être social, ces politiques ont des effets que la garantie de ressources ne saurait à elle seule générer. Cette publication fournit le contexte indispensable à un débat fructueux sur les mérites et les inconvénients de la constitution de patrimoine chez les pauvres. Elle définit les notions fondamentales sur lesquelles reposent les dispositifs de constitution de patrimoine, ainsi que les avantages qu’y voient ses tenants du point de vue de la politique sociale. Enfin, cette publication décrit des programmes et des projets concrets.
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  • 41
    Language: English
    Pages: 26 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.9
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Netherlands
    Abstract: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the ninth in this series, presenting the Dutch SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 42
    Language: English
    Pages: 49 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.17
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This report provides an overview of the limited empirical and theoretical research on take-up of welfare benefits, i.e. the extent to which people eligible for various types of benefits actually receive them. Focus is mainly on entitlement programmes, where take-up reflects both decisions of eligible individuals to apply for benefits and the accuracy of administrative decisions as to whether these individuals should get the benefit in question or not. Estimates of the extent of take-up of welfare benefits are based on a variety of approaches, and typically combine both administrative and survey data. Despite these methodological differences, and the very few OECD countries for which estimates are available, the evidence reviewed in this paper suggests that low take-up of welfare benefits occurs both across countries and programmes. Estimates typically span a range of between 40% and 80% in the case of social assistance and housing programmes, and between 60% and 80% for ...
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  • 43
    Language: English
    Pages: 46 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.19
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; European Union
    Abstract: Macro-based effective tax rate (ETR) measures do not provide information on the level or distribution of marginal effective tax rates thought to influence household behaviour. They also do not capture differences in average ETRs facing different population sub-groups. I use EUROMOD, an EUwide tax-benefit model, to derive distributions of average and marginal ETR measures for fourteen countries. Results for each country show how many and which types of individuals face different ETR levels. I consider effective tax burdens on labour income as well as the marginal tax rates faced by working men and women. Results are broken down to isolate the influence of income taxes, social contributions and various types of social benefits ...
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  • 44
    Language: English
    Pages: 149 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.16
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The purpose of the System of Health Accounts Changes in health systems and concomitant health policy questions have been challenging the traditional system of health expenditure statistics over the last couple of decades. What are the major factors accounting for health expenditure growth? What factors explain the differences between countries in expenditure growth? How to ensure sustainable financing? What are the major factors accounting for the differences in the structure of health spending? How are the changes in health spending structure and the performance of health systems related? In order to answer such questions, reliable, comparable and appropriately detailed health expenditure data are required. The System of Health Accounts intends to provide the foundation for health statistics that are able to meet these challenges. Box 1 What is the System of Health Accounts? The System of Health Accounts (SHA) proposes an integrated system of comprehensive and internationally ...
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  • 45
    Language: English
    Pages: 43 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.12
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Switzerland
    Abstract: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the twelfth in this series, presenting the Swiss SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 46
    Language: English
    Pages: 51 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.10
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Poland
    Abstract: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the tenth in this series, presenting the Polish SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264020467
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 305.26
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Norway ; Konferenzschrift 2003 ; Konferenzschrift 2003 ; Konferenzschrift 2003 ; Norwegen ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer ; Beschäftigungspolitik
    Abstract: This report, part of a series covering around 20 OECD countries, contains a survey of Norway's main barriers to employment for older workers, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to overcome these barriers, and a set of policy recommendations to further action by public authorities and social partners.  These recommendations are designed to alleviate some of the pension and health care pressures governments are facing because of ageing populations.
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264106475
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p.)
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 305.26
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Japan
    Abstract: This report, part of a series covering around 20 OECD countries, contains a survey of Japan's main barriers to employment for older workers, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to overcome these barriers, and a set of policy recommendations to further action by public authorities and social partners.  These recommendations are designed to alleviate some of the pension and health care pressures governments are facing because of ageing populations.
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  • 49
    ISBN: 9789264016620
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.)
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 305.26
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Czech Republic ; Tschechoslowakei ; Beschäftigungspolitik ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer
    Abstract: This report, part of a series covering around 20 OECD countries, contains a survey of the Czech Republic's main barriers to employment for older workers, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to overcome these barriers, and a set of policy recommendations to further action by public authorities and social partners.  These recommendations are designed to alleviate some of the pension and health care pressures governments are facing because of ageing populations.
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  • 50
    ISBN: 9789264016231
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: This report, part of a series covering around 20 OECD countries, contains a survey of the UK's main barriers to employment for older workers, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to overcome these barriers, and a set of policy recommendations to further action by public authorities and social partners. These recommendations are designed to alleviate some of the pension and health care pressures governments are facing because of ageing populations.
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264017047
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (130 p.)
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Italy
    Abstract: This report, part of a series covering around 20 OECD countries, contains a survey of the Italy's main barriers to employment for older workers, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to overcome these barriers, and a set of policy recommendations to further action by public authorities and social partners. These recommendations are designed to alleviate some of the pension and health care pressures governments are facing because of ageing populations.
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  • 52
    Language: English
    Pages: 41 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.5
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Hungary
    Abstract: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the fifth in this series, presenting the Hungarian SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 53
    Language: English
    Pages: 53 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.14
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This report presents the consensus recommendations of an international expert panel on indicators for cardiac care. Using a structured review process, the panel set out to select indicators to cover five key areas: primary prevention, secondary prevention of heart disease, acute coronary syndromes, cardiac interventions and congestive heart failure. In the event, no suitable indicators for primary prevention were retained, and this report proposes 17 indicators as follows: The report describes the review process and provides a detailed discussion of the scientific soundness and policy importance of the 17 indicators ...
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  • 54
    Language: English
    Pages: 52 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.21
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Most Western countries have a long tradition of employment service provision by public bodies and non-profit organisations, but not by for-profit organisations. The creation of a quasi-market arrangement is not a simple choice for government. This paper underscores the difficulties and discusses design options. It calls for a complex balancing act between regulation and the creation of room for market competition, between old and new instruments and procedures, and between efficiency and equity. It identifies as two key issues the need to actively create sufficient room for market competition, and the need for "positive creaming" which encourages providers to concentrate their efforts on the most disadvantaged target groups. The paper starts by stating the principles and preconditions for market competition, with a focus on possible quasi-market arrangements for strengthening service provision for the long-term unemployed in Flanders. It sets out four models for contracting with ...
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264015562
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (134 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: The OECD Health Project
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Vers des systèmes de santé plus performants
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This volume offers a synthesis of findings from recent OECD studies undertaken as part of the three-year Health Project, an initiative geared towards answering many of the key questions facing today’s health policy makers. It provides information and analysis on a wide variety of topics, such as new and emerging health-related technologies, long-term care, private health insurance, health-care cost control, equity of access across income groups, health workforce planning and productivity, and waiting times for elective surgery. Building on international experience and grounded in new data on cross-country differences, this report offers an up-to-date map of the road to performance improvement.
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  • 56
    Language: English
    Pages: 46 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.18
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This report presents the consensus recommendations of an international expert panel on indicators for patient safety. Using a structured review process, the panel set out to select indicators to cover the five key areas: areas hospital-acquired infections, sentinel events, operative and postoperative complications, obstetrics, and other care related adverse events...
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  • 57
    Language: English
    Pages: 38 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.8
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Mexico
    Abstract: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the eighth in this series, presenting the Mexican SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 58
    Language: English
    Pages: 52 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.18
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This paper presents results from an on-going joint European Commission / OECD project, aimed at monitoring the direct influence of tax and benefit instruments on household incomes. The project uses and extends OECD tax-benefit models to compute a range of work incentive indicators such as marginal effective tax rates on earned income. This paper provides a methodological background describing these extensions. It also discusses the usefulness of a range of indicators such as net replacement rates and marginal effective tax rates and to what extent they can be used to quantify possible work disincentives. The approaches are illustrated using detailed tax-benefit calculations for 2001 and comparing relevant indicators across 15 EU and 8 non-EU countries. The results presented in this paper permit the identification of family circumstances where (1) financial incentives to increase work are either small or missing altogether; or (2) resources provided by social transfers may be ...
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  • 59
    Language: English
    Pages: 90 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.14
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This study updates and extends a previous study on equity in physician utilisation for a subset of the countries analyzed here (Van Doorslaer, Koolman and Puffer, 2002). It updates results to 2000 for 13 countries and adds new results for eight countries: Australia, Finland, France, Hungary, Mexico, Norway, Switzerland and Sweden. Both simple quintile distributions and concentration indices were used to assess horizontal equity, i.e. the extent to which adults in equal need for physician care appear to have equal rates of medical care utilisation. With respect to physician utilisation, need is more concentrated among the worse off, but after “standardizing out” these need differences, significant horizontal inequity favoring the better off is found in about half of the countries, both for the probability and the total number of visits. The degree of pro-rich inequity in doctor use is highest in the US, followed by Mexico, Finland, Portugal and Sweden. In the majority ...
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  • 60
    ISBN: 9789264019423
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (104 p.)
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Appropriation et partenariat ; quel rôle pour la société civile dans les stratégies de réduction de la pauvreté ?
    DDC: 362.5091724
    RVK:
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Konferenzschrift ; Entwicklungsländer ; Bürgerliche Gesellschaft ; Armut
    Abstract: Partnership Forums are the means by which the OECD Development Assistance Committee provides a venue for non-governmental actors to express their points of view and to offer their own contributions to development policy and strategy. In December 2000, the DAC and the Development Centre held a Forum on ways of integrating civil society into policy formation in developing countries, and to identify obstacles to such involvement. Participants agreed that civil society's role in poverty-reduction strategies had been an important element in succesful implementation. This book contains 8 papers presented at the Forum, covering experience in a variety of countries with a variety of stakeholders. The wide-ranging discussion concluded that civil-society participation in policy making not only enhances efficiency in implementation, but also contributes to the creation of more pluralistic and democratic political systems.
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  • 61
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264105072
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les étudiants handicapés dans l'enseignement supérieur
    DDC: 371.91
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Canada ; France ; Germany ; Switzerland ; United Kingdom ; Electronic books ; Behinderung ; Student ; Internationaler Vergleich ; Behinderung ; Studium ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Access to institutions of higher education is as important for disabled people as it is for non-disabled students, since it can offer them the same opportunities for employment, social inclusion and poverty alleviation. Inclusive practices in schools also encourage the need for greater access in higher education. This book offers a detailed account of practices in Canada (Ontario), France and the United Kingdom, and provides additional information on the situation in Germany and Switzerland.
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  • 62
    ISBN: 9789264105386
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (92 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les maladies d'origine alimentaire dans les pays de l'OCDE ; état des lieux et coût économique
    DDC: 363.19/26
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Foodborne disease caused by microbiological hazards and chemical contaminants continues to be a growing public health concern, according to the World Health Organisation. This report provides information on the incidence and costs of foodborne disease, which represent a significant economic burden on consumers, the food industry and governments. There is a need to improve interdisciplinary approaches in order to better understand public health issues and their economic consequences. This will also allow policy makers to design appropriate prevention strategies to lower the risk
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  • 63
    ISBN: 9789264158245
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (220 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transformer le handicap en capacité ; Promouvoir le travail et la sécurité des revenus des personnes handicapées
    DDC: 362.40484
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This book examines a wide array of labour market and social protection programmes aimed at people with disabilities and analyses the relationship between policies and outcomes across twenty OECD countries.
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  • 64
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264099890
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Problèmes sociaux liés à la distribution et à la tarification de l'eau
    DDC: 363.61
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This book explores the interface between environmental and social elements of water pricing policies in OECD countries. It focuses on affordability of water services and social measures aimed at resolving these affordability problems. The book considers how environmental and social safeguards are addressed under different models of water utility ownership and management. Drawing on a case study in Mexico, the book explores social problems associated with the transition from one level of water service provision to another.
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264199446
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (256 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Au-delà du discours ; Politiques et pratiques de formation des adultes
    DDC: 379.1215
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Electronic books ; Erwachsenenbildung
    Abstract: This publication aims to identify what works in the policy and practice of adult learning, drawing on the experience of nine OECD countries: Canada, Denmark, Finland, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom (England). It defines the features of a desirable system of adult learning, including ways to motivate adults to learn and methods to deliver appropriate services. This book will be indispensable to policy makers and those involved in the practice of adult learning.
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  • 66
    ISBN: 9789264104204
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (232 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Bébés et employeurs - Comment réconcilier travail et vie de famille (Volume 2) ; Autriche, Irlande et Japon
    DDC: 331.25
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Austria ; Ireland ; Japan ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Raising children and having a career both rate highly as important life goals for many people. Helping parents to achieve these goals is vital for society: parental care plays a crucial role in child development and parental employment promotes economic prosperity. A failure to assist parents find their preferred work and family balance has implications for both labour supply and family decisions. This study considers how a wide range of policies, including tax/benefit policies, childcare policies, and employment and workplace practices, help determine parental labour market outcomes and family formation in Austria, Ireland and Japan.
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  • 67
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264100077
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 331.12/042/09479
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Estonia ; Latvia ; Lithuania ; Electronic books ; Baltikum ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Sozialpolitik ; OECD
    Abstract: This review analyses the key issues facing each of the Baltic States - Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania - given its specific economic and social trends. It provides detailed information and policy recommendations in five topical areas: labour law; "active" and "passive" labour market policies; pension reform; long-term care of the elderly; and social assistance benefits as a last resort. This publication is part of the OECD’s ongoing co-operation with non-member economies around the world.
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  • 68
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264199996
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'opinion publique contre la pauvreté
    DDC: 339.4/6
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Sustaining the fight against global poverty will be possible only if the "wider civil society", i.e. citizens in richer countries, actively and critically support international development co-operation efforts. The willingness undoubtedly exists: McDonnell, Solignac Lecomte and Wegimont (2003) found that public support in OECD DAC member countries for helping poor countries has remained consistently high for almost two decades. There is no aid fatigue. One indication is that donations from the public to development and emergency NGOs have been steadily increasing, although mostly in reaction to emergencies and natural disasters in developing countries. There is concern among the public about aid effectiveness, but it exists alongside continued high support for aid. However, people’s understanding of poverty and development issues remains very shallow. Similarly, public awareness about official development assistance (ODA) and development co-operation policies is low. Awareness does increase significantly as a result of global education, awareness raising campaigns and public debate, but the media remain a primary source of information about developing countries. However, there is some evidence of scepticism about the nature of the information. Against this background, official expenditure on global education and on information about national aid programmes, although it has been increasing in some OECD countries, remains very low. In particular, the adoption of the Millennium Development Goals so far largely remains an untapped opportunity to peg more vigorous efforts to inform and engage the public. The global anti-poverty consensus they are spearheading has hardly trickled down to national public debates, which remain (with a few noticeable exceptions) rather rare and unsophisticated. Still available evidence shows that citizens in OECD DAC member countries want more solidarity and justice in the world. They support international development co-operation, and if they were more and better informed, if their capacity to critically engage in the policy debate was stronger, they could be a precious constituency for its reform and improvement. There lies an opportunity for governments, especially those that have pledged to increase their ODA, to kick-start a virtuous circle of transparency and reform, and effectively rise to the challenge of global poverty reduction.
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264199972
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.)
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 331.39809485
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Sweden ; Schweden ; Beschäftigungspolitik ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer
    Abstract: With rapidly aging populations, old-age pension reform and early-retirement schemes alone may not suffice to provide adequate employment opportunities. Additional measures will clearly be needed on wage scales, job discrimination, skills acquisition, and working conditions. Attitudes will also have to change about working later in life. Little is known, however, about what countries have been or should be doing on those issues. This report on Sweden begins a series of around 20 OECD country reports intended to fill the gap. Each contains a survey of the main employment barriers confronting older people, an assessment of existing remedial measures, and policy recommendations for further action.
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  • 70
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 99 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.9
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This study presents a broad overview of health-system reforms in OECD countries over the past several decades. Reforms are assessed according to their impact on the following policy goals: ensuring access to needed health-care services; improving the quality of health care and its outcomes; allocating an “appropriate” level of pubic sector and economy-wide resources to health care (macroeconomic efficiency); and ensuring that services are provided in a cost-efficient and cost-effective manner (microeconomic efficiency).While nearly all OECD countries have achieved universal coverage of health-care risks, initiatives to address persistent disparities in access are now being undertaken in a number of countries. In light of new evidence of serious problems with health-care quality, many countries have recently introduced reforms intended to improve this, but it is too soon to generalise as to the relative effects of alternative approaches. A variety of instruments aimed at ...This paper is also published under OECD Economics Department Working Papers Series.
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  • 71
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 126 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.2
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: There is growing interest in the potential for preventive interventions to improve average health status in OECD countries and to tackle remaining health inequalities. The interest is in a wide range of interventions spanning not only health services but also measures to influence behaviour and lifestyles and action to improve the contribution of the social, economic and physical environments to health. These interventions are referred to in this paper as examples of a government’s ‘population health investment’effort. The paper notes the evidence on trends in health and health inequalities in OECD countries and reviews the general case for population health investments and the evidence on the effectiveness of selected interventions. It focuses on population health investment strategies and institutions in five member countries: Australia, Canada, Korea, Sweden and Switzerland. In particular, it reviews the methods of financing population health investments and levels of ...
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  • 72
    Language: English
    Pages: 40 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.1
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Denmark ; Sweden
    Abstract: Parental leave mandates are associated with high female employment rates, but with reductions in relative female wages if leave is of extended durations. If fathers were given longer periods of leave, would it shorten the career breaks of women? We analyze the impact of family policies of Denmark and Sweden on women’s career breaks due to childbirth. These countries are culturally similar and share the same type of welfare state ideology, but differ remarkably in pursued family policies. Compared to Denmark, leave provisions in Sweden are more generous in terms of both duration and payment rates, and allow for flexible use until the child is 8 years old. In both countries childcare coverage rates are high, but very young (age 0-2) Danish children are more likely to be in day-care than in Sweden. This setting provides us with a fruitful point of departure to analyze explicitly the effects of different family policy regimes on job retention of Danish and Swedish mothers. Our ...
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  • 73
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and OECD Development Centre
    ISBN: 9789264299993
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (252 p.)
    Series Statement: Etudes du Centre de Développement
    Series Statement: Études du Centre de développement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Public Opinion and the Fight against Poverty
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Entwicklungspolitik ; Öffentliche Meinung
    Abstract: Il ne sera possible de poursuivre la lutte contre la pauvreté dans le monde que si la « société civile » au sens large, c’est-à-dire les citoyens des pays riches, soutient activement et de façon déterminante les efforts internationaux de coopération pour le développement. La bonne volonté est là sans aucun doute. McDonnell, Solignac Lecomte et Wegimont (2003) montrent que dans les pays membres du CAD/OCDE, le soutien de l’opinion publique à l’aide consentie aux pays pauvres n’a pas faibli depuis près de vingt ans. Il n’y a pas de lassitude à l’égard de l’aide. On en veut pour preuve le fait que les dons aux ONG qui s’occupent d’aide d’urgence et de développement augmentent régulièrement même si, pour l’essentiel, ces dons répondent à des situations de crise ou à des catastrophes naturelles survenant dans des pays en développement. L’opinion publique s’interroge sur l’efficacité de l’aide mais parallèlement elle continue de la soutenir fortement. Cependant, les problèmes de pauvreté et de développement ne sont compris que de façon très superficielle. De même, les politiques en matière de coopération pour le développement et d’aide publique au développement (APD) sont peu connues du grand public. La prise de conscience progresse grâce à l’éducation, aux campagnes de sensibilisation et au débat public, mais les médias demeurent la première source d’information sur les pays en développement. On note cependant un certain scepticisme à l’égard de la nature de cette information. Dans ce contexte, les dépenses publiques consacrées à l’enseignement et à l’information sur les programmes d’aide nationaux ont beau augmenter dans certains pays de l’OCDE, elles demeurent dans l’ensemble à des niveaux très faibles. En particulier, l’adoption des Objectifs du millénaire pour le développement n’a pas été suffisamment mise à profit pour renforcer les efforts destinés à informer et susciter l’adhésion de l’opinion publique. Le consensus mondial contre la pauvreté dont ils sont le fer de lance ne se reflète guère dans les débats publics nationaux lesquels, à quelques exceptions près, sont relativement rares et superficiels. Cependant, les différents sondages et études sur l’attitude de l’opinion publique envers la coopération au développement dans les pays de l’OCDE montrent que les citoyens souhaitent sans ambiguïté plus de solidarité et de justice dans le monde. Ils sont favorables à la coopération internationale pour le développement et ils seraient sans doute de précieux soutiens pour sa réforme et son amélioration s’ils étaient plus et mieux informés et s’ils pouvaient participer plus directement au débat politique. Les gouvernements, en particulier ceux qui se sont engagés à accroître leur APD, ont là une occasion d’amorcer un cercle vertueux de transparence et de réforme et de relever le défi de la lutte contre la pauvreté dans le monde.
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  • 74
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Centre for Educational Research and Innovation
    ISBN: 9789264105089
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Disability in Higher Education
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Canada ; France ; Germany ; Switzerland ; United Kingdom ; Behinderung ; Student ; Integration ; Universität ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: L’accès aux établissements d’enseignement supérieur est aussi essentiel aux personnes handicapées qu’aux autres. Il s’agit d’offrir à chacun les mêmes chances en matière d’emploi et d’insertion sociale et de réduire la pauvreté. Par ailleurs, les pratiques d’intégration à l’école favorisent aussi une plus grande demande d’accès à l’enseignement supérieur. Cet ouvrage présente un panorama des pratiques du Canada (Ontario), de la France et du Royaume-Uni en la matière, ainsi que des éléments d’information sur la situation en Allemagne et en Suisse.
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  • 75
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264102965
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Combating Child Labour; A Review of Policies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Combating Child Labour: A Review of Policies
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Kinderarbeit ; Bekämpfung ; Internationale Organisation
    Abstract: La persistance du travail des enfants suscite un émoi considérable dans l’opinion publique. Malgré l’accroissement du nombre de ratifications de conventions internationales sur l’abolition du travail des enfants, 23 % des enfants âgés de 10 à 14 ans dans le monde continuent à travailler. Mais pourquoi les enfants doivent-ils encore travailler ? Et dans quelles conditions ? Quelles sont les implications du travail des enfants sur le développement à venir des pays concernés ? Quelles sont les meilleures politiques pour combattre le travail des enfants et comment peuvent-elles favoriser le développement économique ? Cet ouvrage essaye de répondre à ces questions. Après avoir mis en évidence la réalité du travail des enfants dans le monde, cette étude analyse les causes économiques de ce problème et l’efficacité des différents dispositifs et mesures mis en œuvre pour le combattre.
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  • 76
    ISBN: 9789264019430
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.)
    Series Statement: Etudes du Centre de Développement
    Series Statement: Études du Centre de développement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ownership and Partnership; What Role for Civil Society in Poverty Reduction Strategies?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ownership and Partnership: What Role for Civil Society in Poverty Reduction Strategies?
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Afrika ; Armut ; Bekämpfung ; Bürgerliche Gesellschaft
    Abstract: Les Forums des partenaires au développement sont un moyen pour le Comité d’aide au développement de l’OCDE d’offrir aux acteurs de la sphère non gouvernementale une tribune pour exprimer leurs points de vue et apporter leur contribution à l’élaboration des politiques et stratégies de développement. En décembre 2000, le CAD et le Centre de développement ont organisé un Forum consacré aux moyens susceptibles d’être mis en oeuvre pour associer la société civile à l'élaboration des politiques des pouvoirs publics dans les pays en développement et recenser les obstacles pouvant entraver ce processus. Les participants sont convenus que le concours de la société civile à la mise au point des stratégies de lutte contre la pauvreté a été l’un des facteurs importants de leur réussite. Les discussions ont montré que la participation de la société civile à l'élaboration des politiques des pouvoirs publics permet non seulement d’améliorer l’efficacité de sa mise en œuvre, mais en outre contribue à l’avènement de régimes politiques plus démocratiques et pluralistes. La lecture de cet ouvrage est essentielle pour les représentants des organisations de la société civile, les gouvernements des pays de l’OCDE et des pays en développement, ainsi que pour les personnes responsables, au sein d’organisations internationales, de la conception et de la mise en oeuvre de stratégies de lutte contre la pauvreté.
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  • 77
    ISBN: 9789264105393
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (104 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Foodborne Disease in OECD Countries; Present State and Economic Costs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Foodborne Disease in OECD Countries: Present State and Economic Costs
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Lebensmittelinfektion ; Pathogener Mikroorganismus ; Soziale Kosten
    Abstract: Bien que la situation se soit améliorée dans de nombreux domaines, les maladies dues à une contamination microbiologique ou chimique des aliments demeurent un problème de santé publique d'ampleur croissante, selon l'Organisation mondiale de la santé. Les coûts économiques des maladies d'origine alimentaire représentent un fardeau économique conséquent pour les consommateurs, l'industrie agroalimentaire et les pouvoirs publics. Cette étude examine l’incidence et les coûts économiques des maladies d’origine alimentaire. Il faut approfondir les travaux déjà menés et améliorer les approches interdisciplinaires afin de mieux comprendre ces questions de santé publique et leurs conséquences économiques. Cela permettra également aux responsables de la santé publique de concevoir des stratégies de prévention propres à diminuer les risques.
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  • 78
    ISBN: 9789264101234
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (332 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Emerging Risks in the 21st Century; An Agenda for Action
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Emerging Risks in the 21st Century: An Agenda for Action
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage explore les répercussions de l’évolution des grands risques depuis ces dernières années sur l’économie et la société du XXIe siècle en matière de catastrophes naturelles, maladies nouvelles, attentats terroristes et perturbations majeures d’infrastructures essentielles en s’intéressant à un éventuel accroissement de la vulnérabilité des grands systèmes. Cette publication privilégie cinq grands groupes de risques : les catastrophes naturelles, les accidents technologiques, les maladies infectieuses, la sécurité alimentaire et le terrorisme. Il propose aux pouvoirs publics et au secteur privé un certain nombre de recommandations susceptibles d’améliorer la gestion des risques systémiques émergents.
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  • 79
    ISBN: 9789264100213
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (112 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices et ouvrages de référence du CAD
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Poverty and Health
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development
    Abstract: L’investissement dans la santé constitue un vecteur important de développement économique, jusqu’ici sous-estimé; une amélioration notable de la situation sanitaire est un préalable indispensable pour permettre aux pays en développement de rompre le cycle de la pauvreté. Cet ouvrage publié conjointement par l’OCDE et l’OMS, cerne les composantes essentielles d’une approche de la santé favorable aux pauvres. Il s’adresse aux agents des organismes d’aide chargés d’élaborer et de mettre en œuvre les politiques relatives à un large éventail de domaines d’intervention ainsi qu’aux décideurs des pays partenaires.
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  • 80
    ISBN: 9789264299474
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Systems
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des systèmes de santé ; La Corée 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des systèmes de santé : La Corée 2003
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: How can the performance of the Korean health care system be improved? How have the July 2000 health sector reforms affected performance? This book investigates a set of policy challenges concerning the type of government interventions that are needed to promote health systems objectives in a mixed public-private context.
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  • 81
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 89 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.5
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The International Labour Organization (ILO) estimates that 19% of children aged 5-14 in Asia and the Pacific are economically active (ILO, 2002). These 127.3 million children constitute 60% of all child labourers worldwide. The aim of this study is to better understand child labour in South Asia through in-depth case studies of the child labour experience in three countries: Nepal, Pakistan, and Vietnam. Several themes about child labour emerge in examining data from these three countries. First, any discussion of child labour needs to consider wage work as well as unpaid work including household production activities. Children who work in one type of activity are more likely to work in other activities as well. Thus, focusing on only one aspect of child employment seriously understates child labour supply. Second, there is some evidence of important substitutions of child and adult labour across different household activities that may be very costly for the welfare of the ...
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  • 82
    Language: English
    Pages: 80 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.1
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This study presents the results of a joint analysis of patterns of consumption, expenditure, and unit expenditure for a core set of drugs aimed at preventing and treating cardiovascular disease. The current study examines the relationships among three pharmaceutical variables (expenditure, volume of drug use, and unit expenditure) classified according to eight therapeutic categories which are specific for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease and stroke. It covers an 11-year time period, and specifies relevant country-specific structural features in a sample of 12 OECD countries. The data presented in this report show how the three descriptive pharmaceutical variables vary across these countries. The study also contains a preliminary exploration of factors associated with variation in these variables across countries and through time. Findings for each of the eight cardiovascular disease and stroke drug therapeutic categories investigated in this study are ...
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  • 83
    Language: English
    Pages: 57 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.6
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Child development and child well-being are major concerns in many OECD countries and are the subject of ongoing work at the OECD. These concerns have led to a search for policies to offset poverty, deprivation, vulnerability, and the risk factors that can trigger a lifelong cycle of disadvantage. It is in this context that we carried out a review of the research literature on child outcomes and of the different social policies that may affect them. The paper is organized in four parts: (1) a summary of child outcomes of concern in various OECD countries; (2) a discussion of one particular outcome, child poverty, and its negative consequences for children; (3) a summary of the research linking different family types with different outcomes; and (4) the social policies that may lead to different positive and negative outcomes. Our main conclusions from this literature review is that knowledge-building is proceeding, in particular, with regard to child poverty and the policies ...
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 50 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.8
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Australia
    Abstract: Despite universal public insurance coverage, private health insurance (PHI) covers almost half of the Australian population – a high coverage rate in comparison with most other OECD countries. Reflecting the belief that a well-functioning health care system should be based on a mixed system of insurance and provision, Australia’s policy makers have encouraged the development of private financing and delivery arrangements operating in parallel to the public system. PHI is seen as a vehicle for enhancing individuals’ choice of provider and care options, and for reducing cost and demand pressures on public hospitals. Policy makers have intervened substantially in the private health insurance market. Regulation has promoted risk-pooling and incentive policies have stimulated the purchase of private cover. This paper analyses the Australian private health insurance market. It describes how PHI interacts with the public system, and assesses its contribution to equity, efficiency and ...
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  • 85
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 64 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.15
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Fertility rates have declined in most OECD countries to levels that are well below those needed to secure generation replacement. While attitudes towards this decline in fertility rates differ across countries, several OECD governments have introduced — or are considering — specific measures aimed at countering it. Such measures are often justified by government’s wish of either reducing some of the negative consequences of population ageing for society as a whole, or of removing obstacles that discourage those women wishing to have more children from doing so, because of the negative economic consequences of childbearing and of the length of the associated responsibilities. This paper provides a comparative overview of the evidence about the size, timing and nature of this decline in fertility rate across “mature” OECD countries, and about the effects of different measures introduced to deal with it. The first chapter of this paper reviews a range of indicators of the fertility ...
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9789264258242
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (236 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transforming Disability into Ability; Policies to Promote Work and Income Security for Disabled People
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transforming Disability into Ability: Policies to Promote Work and Income Security for Disabled People
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Behindertenpolitik ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage présente une analyse d'un large éventail de programmes du marché du travail et de protection sociale destinés aux personnes handicapées. En explorant la relation entre les politiques et leurs résultats pour vingt pays de l'OCDE, il permet au lecteur de mieux appréhender d’une part les problèmes que pose la politique de l'invalidité et d’autre part les éléments ou combinaisons d'éléments qui font qu’une politique est efficace. Enfin, le rapport conclut qu'une approche nouvelle et prometteuse de la politique de l'invalidité consisterait à s’inspirer davantage de la logique appliquée pour les régimes de chômage, c'est-à-dire : - mettre l'accent sur l'activation ; - promouvoir une intervention précoce individualisée ; - éliminer les contre-incitations au travail ; - instaurer une culture d'obligations mutuelles ; et impliquer les employeurs. Le rapport constate d'ailleurs que les politiques de nombreux pays comportent déjà certains des éléments importants de cette nouvelle approche.
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264102958
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Combattre le travail des enfants ; un bilan des politiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Combattre le travail des enfants : un bilan des politiques
    RVK:
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Kinderarbeit
    Abstract: Despite progressive ratification of international conventions on that issue, 23% of the world’s children aged 10-14 are at work. This important book seeks to answer fundamental questions about the phenomenon’s economic causes, the working conditions children endure, and implications of their labour for the economic outlook of the countries concerned. It moreover examines the effectiveness of various policies implemented to combat child labour and the beneficial effects such policies can have on economic development.
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  • 88
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 61 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.58
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany
    Abstract: This paper follows the framework developed in past OECD studies for analysis of social assistance programmes that aim to provide low-income clients with adequate financial support while simultaneously promoting their reintegration into labour market and, where necessary, mainstream society. Increasingly, jobless citizens in Germany rely on social assistance: a role for which the programme was never intended. Indeed, there are two other programmes that serve the unemployed in Germany, and this paper discusses social assistance in the context of its relationship to Unemployment Insurance and Assistance benefits. First, this study provides a concise overview of Germany’s public social system, and discusses federal relations inasmuch they have a bearing on the delivery of public assistance benefits. The study discusses the nature of benefits available to social assistance clients in general, and related support measures for particular client-groups, for example, lone parent families ...
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  • 89
    ISBN: 9789264199545
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (340 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le secteur à but non lucratif dans une économie en mutation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. El sector sin fines de lucro en una economía cambiante
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: Recent socio-economic trends, welfare state reform; the emergence of civil society and democracy have highlighted the growing significance of the non-profit sector – a sector between state and market – often associated with concepts such as ‘social economy’, ‘third sector’, ‘voluntary sector’, ‘third system’, ‘independent sector’ and, more recently, ‘social entrepreneurship’. This sector is facing a number of crucial new challenges such as management quality whilst both maintaining the sector's unique social dimension and fostering social innovation. Drawing on contributions from leading experts and academics, this report provides ground-breaking assessment of new trends; reviews the significant non-profit sector developments in EU countries, the US; Canada; Mexico and Australia; and provides tools on how to finance, monitor and evaluate the sector. This book, supported by statistical data, is for policy makers, practitioners, academics and the corporate sector.
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  • 90
    ISBN: 9789264101227
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (292 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les risques émergents au XXIe siècle ; Vers un programme d'action
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les risques émergents au XXIe siècle : Vers un programme d'action
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: The 21st Century has so far witnessed a host of large-scale disasters in various parts of the world including: windstorms, flooding, new diseases infesting both humans and animals, terrorist attacks and major disruptions to critical infrastructures. It is not just the nature of major risks that seems to be changing, but also the context in which risks are evolving as well as society’s capacity to manage them. This book explores the implications of these developments for economy and society in the 21st century, focussing in particular on the potentially significant increase in the vulnerability of major systems. It concentrates on five large risk clusters: natural disasters, technological accidents, infectious diseases, food safety and terrorism, identifies the challenges facing OECD countries and sets out recommendations for governments and the private sector as to how the management of emerging systemic risks might be improved.
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264100206
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: DAC Guidelines and Reference Series
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Pauvreté et santé
    Keywords: Armut ; Bekämpfung ; Gesundheit ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Medizinische Versorgung ; Grundbedürfnis ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Entwicklungsländer
    Abstract: Investment in health is a strategically important and often underestimated component of economic development. This study sets out a systematic approach to improving health in poor countries. For emerging countries, substantially improved health outcomes are a prerequisite to breaking out of the poverty cycle. This book on poverty and health, jointly published by the OECD and WHO, sets out the essential components of a broad-scope “pro-poor” health approach for action within the health system and beyond it. It is for development practitioners in the area of health issues.
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  • 92
    Language: English
    Pages: 30 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.14
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Canada
    Abstract: Decentralization looms large in any analysis of Canadian economic and social policy. This trend has been especially pronounced in the area of unemployment insurance (UI) and social assistance (SA) programmes. Provinces now manage SA programmes and retain 100% of any cost savings that they achieve, while the Federal government maintains full responsibility for the passive component of UI. Under a series of provincial-federal Labour Market Development Agreements, since 1997 most of Canada's provinces have taken over administrative responsibility for the employment benefit and support measures (EBSMs) targeted on UI beneficiaries. A number of articles have examined the implications for provincial SA systems of restrictive measures in the UI programme. This paper examines the possibility that provinces may shift actual and potential SA clients onto the insurance system (now called employment insurance, EI). It concludes that within the context of EBSMs, any cost-shifting of this ...
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  • 93
    Language: English
    Pages: 103 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.5
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The Ageing-Related Diseases study compares health care systems by examining treatment trends and health outcomes on a disease-by-disease basis. Most of the day-to-day decisions that determine health care system performance are made in treating specific diseases. Therefore, the ARD’s bottom-up approach to comparing health care system performance at the disease level, rather than the more common top-down approach, goes to the heart of health care system performance. This paper presents such an analysis for stroke. There is considerable variation in treatment trends for the same diseases across countries and much of this variation can be explained by differences in structural characteristics of health care systems. A diseaselevel analysis begins with an examination of these characteristics: the economic incentives, policies and regulations that affect individual providers’ decisions for treating a specific disease, defining a particular health care system’s approach. In order ...
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 67 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.9
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Pension systems are complex and comparing them across countries is therefore difficult. This paper adopts standard methodology to calculate prospective pension entitlements in nine countries. The modeling ncludes universal and resource-tested schemes, public and private earnings-related plans and mandatory efined contribution schemes. The results show gross pension benefits for workers on different levels of arnings and pension benefits net of tax. The paper also provides a detailed description of the parameters f the pension system. Retirement-income systems are about social protection, but this paper shows that countries interpret this oal very differently. Some focus on ensuring that pensioners have an adequate retirement income (in bsolute terms). Others base their systems on ensuring pensioners have an adequate income relative to their re-retirement income (or ‘replacement rate’). In Finland and the Netherlands, for example, mandatory ccupational pensions have no ceiling on ...
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  • 95
    Language: English
    Pages: 45 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.4
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Policy-makers responsible for publicly-funded drug programmes face continual pressures between the demand to accommodate a steady stream of new and more effective drugs and the ongoing requirement to control costs. In the face of these pressures, a growing number of OECD countries are applying ‘pharmacoeconomic assessment’ (health technology assessment for drugs) - to new drugs to guide decisions about accepting such products for reimbursement under their public programme, or to inform negotiations about pricing. This paper provides an analytical overview of the developing practice of pharmacoeconomic assessment in eleven OECD countries. It looks at the objectives of the activity, some of its processes and some of its impacts. It does this by drawing on a literature review and on an exploratory survey of the activities of pharmacoeconomic agencies in the eleven countries. It also reviews briefly the state of pharmacoeconomic assessment in the United States. The main conclusions are as ...
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  • 96
    Language: English
    Pages: 124 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.3
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The Ageing-Related Diseases study compares treatment trends and health outcomes on a disease-by-disease basis. Most of the day-to-day decisions that determine health care system performance are made in treating specific diseases. Therefore, the ARD’s bottom-up approach to comparing health care system performance at the disease level, rather than the more common top-down approach, goes to the heart of health care system performance. This paper presents such an analysis for ischaemic heart disease. There is considerable variation in treatment trends for the same diseases across countries and much of this variation can be explained by differences in structural characteristics of health care systems. A disease-level analysis begins with an examination of these characteristics: the economic incentives, policies and regulations that affect individual providers’ decisions for treating a specific disease, defining a particular health care system’s approach. In order to properly assess ...
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264100053
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (368 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Health Policy ; Health Services for the Aged economics ; Medical care Quality control ; Medical economics ; Medical policy ; Medical technology ; Older people Medical care ; Economic aspects ; Quality of Health Care ; Technology, Medical ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Gesundheitswesen ; Vergleich
    Abstract: What approach to treating certain ageing-related diseases works best and at what cost? That is, what combination of health care system characteristics, prevention, detection, technology and treatment, is the most cost-effective? The OECD Ageing-Related Diseases study investigated how health systems treat three diseases: ischemic heart disease, stroke and breast cancer. This book includes papers discussing the results of the OECD study with essays by leading experts, and uses a disease-based approach to comparing health-systems.
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264018815
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Social Issues in the Provision and Pricing of Water Services
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Wasserversorgung ; Preisentwicklung ; Soziale Situation
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage examine les liens entre les aspects environnementaux et sociaux des politiques de tarification de l’eau dans les pays de l’OCDE. Il met l’accent sur l’accessibilité financière des services et sur les mesures sociales visant à résoudre les problèmes qu’elle soulève. Il examine les mesures de protection sociale et environnementale prévues dans le cadre de différents régimes de propriété et modes de gestion des compagnies des eaux. Sur la base d’une étude de cas concernant le Mexique, il traite des problèmes sociaux posés par la transition entre un niveau de services donné et un autre.
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  • 99
    ISBN: 9789264104211
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Babies and Bosses - Reconciling Work and Family Life (Volume 2); Austria, Ireland and Japan
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Babies and Bosses - Reconciling Work and Family Life (Volume 2): Austria, Ireland and Japan
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Austria ; Ireland ; Japan ; Berufstätigkeit ; Kind ; Erziehung ; Familienleben ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Élever ses enfants et avoir une carrière professionnelle sont deux objectifs très importants dans la vie de la plupart des gens. Il est donc fondamental pour nos sociétés d’aider les parents à réaliser ces deux objectifs. En effet, l’attention des parents joue un rôle déterminant dans le développement des enfants et l’emploi des parents contribue à la prospérité économique d’un pays. Le déclin du nombre des enfants aura bien évidemment aussi des conséquences sur la constitution et la forme de nos sociétés futures. Ce volume présente un certain nombre de réformes politiques notamment des systèmes de fiscalité/prestations, les politiques de gestion des systèmes de garde des enfants, ainsi que les politiques de l’emploi et les pratiques des entreprises au regard de l’emploi parental qui pourraient être mises en place pour réconcilier travail et famille en Autriche, en Irlande et au Japon.
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264100664
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi/Ageing and Employment Policies
    Series Statement: Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Belgium
    Abstract: Pour faire face au vieilllissement rapide de la population, il est nécessaire de promouvoir de meilleures opportunités d'emploi pour les travailleurs âgés. On a déjà beaucoup fait état du besoin de réformer les régimes de pension de retraite et de préretraite. Pourtant, cela ne sera sans doute pas suffisant en soi pour relever significativement les taux d'emploi des plus âgés ni pour réduire le risque futur de pénurie de travailleurs. Les autorités publiques et les entreprises doivent sans tarder prendre des mesures pour adapter la fixation des salaires à une main-d’œuvre plus âgée, pour s'attaquer aux discriminations du fait de l'âge et pour améliorer les qualifications et les conditions de travail des travailleurs âgés. Un changement d’attitude s’impose aussi de la part des travailleurs âgés quant au travail à un âge plus tardif et à l’acquisition de nouvelles compétences. On sait relativement peu de choses sur ce que les différents pays de l'OCDE sont en train de faire ou devraient faire dans ces domaines. Afin d’y remédier, l’OCDE a lancé une série de rapports sur une vingtaine de pays, dont la Belgique. Chaque rapport national fait le tour des principales barrières qui existent concernant l'emploi des travailleurs âgés, évalue la pertinence et l'efficacité des mesures existantes pour contrer ces barrières et présente une série de recommandations sur les politiques que les autorités publiques et les partenaires sociaux devraient mener.
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