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  • 2000-2004  (13)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (13)
  • Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
  • Trade  (13)
  • Economics  (13)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trade and Migration : Building Bridges for Global Labour Mobility (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264016408
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (162 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Échanges et migrations ; Pour une main d'oeuvre mobile à l'échelle mondiale
    DDC: 331.12791
    RVK:
    QU 400
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Trade ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Building on a recent groundbreaking OECD/IOM/World Bank seminar which brought together over 300 trade and migration officials, this book examines the main issues in the current debate on trade and migration as they relate to mode 4 and the current WTO services negotiations. It also explores possible ways forward for building greater understanding between the trade and migration policy communities on this important and timely issue, and seeks ways to unleash the potential of the temporary movement of service suppliers to bring significant gains to developed and developing countries alike.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264016408-en
    URL: Volltext
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    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Inhaltstext
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  • 2
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    A New World Map in Textiles and Clothing : Adjusting to Change (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264018556
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (234 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Textile et vêtement ; Faire face aux mutations
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Textile et vêtement : Faire face aux mutations
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von A new world map in textiles and clothing
    DDC: 338.4/7677
    RVK:
    QR 526
    RVK:
    QM 200
    Keywords: Textilindustrie ; Welttextilabkommen ; Handelsabkommen ; Internationaler Wettbewerb ; Strukturwandel ; Welt ; Entwicklungsländer ; OECD-Staaten ; Trade ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Textilindustrie ; Internationalisierung ; Bekleidungsindustrie ; Bekleidungshandel ; Außenhandel
    Abstract: In light of the elimination of quantitative import restrictions under the WTO at the end of 2004, A New World Map in Textiles and Clothing identifies the most recent market developments throughout the entire supply chain, from natural fibres to retail distribution. It outlines the policy and regulatory challenges in the fields of trade, labour adjustment, technology and innovation, and suggests a policy framework to help deal effectively with such changes as well as to capitalise on the trade opportunities that are being created through improved market access. “A highly useful contribution to the debate on policy challenges in textiles and clothing, the book stands out from the others in recognising the influence that trade policy measures continue to exert on investment and production decisions, and in providing a synthesis of key market developments and policy issues.” Munir Ahmad, Executive Director, International Textiles and Clothing Bureau “Policy makers in all textile and clothing trading countries would be wise to heed the sound advice proffered in this comprehensive and thorough, fact-based assessment." Laura Baughman, President, Trade Partnership Worldwide, LLC. “A must read for anybody interested in the future of textiles and clothing around the world. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the expected adjustment process in usefully underscoring the role of technology and innovation and the growing importance of the business facilitation agenda.” Carlos A. Primo Braga, Senior Adviser, International Trade Department, The World Bank
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264018556-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 3
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    Trade and Competition : From Doha to Cancun (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264102798
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (72 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 337
    RVK:
    QM 000
    Keywords: Trade ; Industry and Services ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This publication presents a synthesis of recent work of the OECD Joint Group on Trade and Competition focussing on the interface between these two policy domains against the backdrop of an increasingly globalised economy. A Global Forum hold on May 2003 presented an occasion to explore some of the complex issues arising at the trade and competition interface. It also contains a report of those discussions prepared by Dr. Simon Evenett of the World Trade Institute. This book is structured around a number of key themes, including capacity building, combatting hard core cartels, co-operation between competition authorities and core principles for a multilateral framework.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264102798-en
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  • 4
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    Agriculture and Trade Liberalisation : Extending the Uruguay Round Agreement (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264196292
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'agriculture et la libéralisation des échanges ; Élargir la portée des Accords d'Uruguay
    RVK:
    QS 200
    RVK:
    ZB 87400
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Trade ; Uruguay
    Abstract: This report provides information on the average tariff levels and on the use of tariff-rate quotas, export subsidies and export credits by selected OECD countries for temperate-zone agricultural products. The implications of further liberalisation of the various instruments over the medium term are examined. The effects of further trade liberalisation of agricultural markets over the medium-term depend significantly on the modalities and prevailing market conditions against which the liberalisation scenarios are compared. On market access, although the largest impact on world prices is from tariff reductions, each of the current trade policy instruments (i.e. out-of-quota tariffs, in-quota tariffs, and tariff rate quotas) would have to be liberalised to obtain the greatest impact. On export subsidies, their current use is already at levels much lower than Uruguay Round commitments, and elimination would have modest effects for most commodities (except dairy products). This situation could change and further discipline on their use would prevent back-tracking. Export credits used by certain countries are also found to distort trade, although the effects on world markets and average prices remain relatively small, due to the small share of trade facilitated by these programmes and their small per-unit effect. Disciplines are necessary, however, to avoid even greater use of all forms of export competition policies. Countries have embarked on a new round of multilateral trade negotiations on agriculture. The challenge facing policy makers is to build upon the foundations of the URAA to further reduce trade distortions. This requires strengthening the disciplines already established and addressing weaknesses of the current agreement, such as those that have been identified in this report.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264196292-en
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  • 5
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    Trade and Competition Policies : Options for a Greater Coherence (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264192492
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Politiques de la concurrence et des échanges ; Options pour une plus grande cohérence
    DDC: 382/.3
    RVK:
    QM 230
    Keywords: Governance ; Trade ; Industry and Services ; Electronic books ; Außenhandel ; Wettbewerbspolitik
    Abstract: The OECD Joint Group on Trade and Competition was established in 1996 to help deepen understanding of the complex issues arising at the interface of these two policy domains against a globalising backdrop and explore how best to ensure that both sets of policies are mutually supportive in promoting greater economic efficiency. This publication, the third to arise from Joint Group activities, brings together a series of working papers that Member countries’ trade and competition authorities have considered during the past two years. The objective of the publication is to share with a broader audience the tangible progress made recently by the two communities in the analysis of important issues at the interface between trade and competition policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264192492-en
    URL: Volltext
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    URL: Abstract
    URL: Volltext
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  • 6
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    Trade and Regulatory Reform : Insights from Country Experience (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264193628
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 382/.7/09177
    RVK:
    QM 000
    Keywords: Governance ; Trade ; Konferenzschrift 2000 ; Electronic books ; Welthandel ; Regulierung ; Liberalisierung
    Abstract: As trade barriers at the border have fallen through successive trade negotiations, domestic regulation has emerged as a source of residual but potentially significant trade barriers. Recognising the importance of participating in intensified global competition, countries increasingly see regulatory reform as an inescapable policy to ensure that the expected benefits of globalisation are realised and that differences in national regulatory systems do not become barriers to international trade and investment. In this light, OECD has undertaken a broad-ranging project on regulatory reform, for which market openness is seen as a key objective. The papers collected in this volume were presented at a workshop at OECD that aimed to share national experiences of regulatory reform and trade and to foster consensus-building on best practices. Such practices include enhanced transparency, non-discriminatory due process, independence of regulators and active implementation of competition policy. Other issues raised at the workshop included the challenges for developing countries in pursuing regulatory reform and enhancing market openness, and insights for multilateral trading rule-making emerging from country experiences. The discussions reveal the pervasiveness of the issues raised at the workshop. In examining the recent development of regulatory issues in trade policy making, this volume brings new light to experiences in some parts of Asia and the Western hemisphere as well as to the growing links among trade, regulation and governance.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264193628-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 7
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    The Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture : An Evaluation of its Implementation in OECD Countries (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264192188
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'Accord sur l'agriculture du cycle d'Uruguay ; Une évaluation de sa mise en oeuvre dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'Accord sur l'agriculture du cycle d'Uruguay : Une évaluation de sa mise en oeuvre dans les pays de l'OCDE
    RVK:
    QM 200
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Trade ; Uruguay ; OECD ; Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations ; Landwirtschaft ; Agrarpolitik
    Abstract: The Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture (URAA) was a turning point in the reform of the agricultural trade system. It imposed disciplines on trade-distorting domestic policies and established new rules in the areas of market access and export competition. How effective have the three disciplines contained in the URAA been in bringing about a reduction in the level of production-related support and protection? Which elements of the disciplines have proved effective and which ineffective? What policy lessons can be drawn from the experience so far? What might be inferred about opportunities and challenges for further trade liberalisation? This report provides some answers to these questions for all OECD countries. A key conclusion of the report is that the immediate quantitative effects of the URAA on trade and protection levels have been modest. The reasons for this include the weakness of many specific features of the URAA including implementation and methodological issues. Countries have already embarked on a new round of multilateral trade negotiations on agriculture. The challenge facing policy makers is to build upon the foundation of the URAA to further reduce trade distortions. This requires strengthening the disciplines already established under the URAA and addressing those weaknesses of the current agreement which have been identified in this study.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264192188-en
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  • 8
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    Trade in Services: Negotiating Issues and Approaches (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264194960
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Commerce des services; questions et enjeux des négociations
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Commerce des services: questions et enjeux des négociations
    RVK:
    QR 560
    Keywords: Trade ; Industry and Services ; Dienstleistungssektor ; Handel ; Handelshemmnis ; Markttransparenz ; Liberalisierung
    Abstract: The services sector plays a vital infrastructure role in national economies, employs more people than other sectors, and is the most dynamic sector of world trade. New negotiations under the WTO General Agreement on Trade in Services, which began in January 2000, offer an important opportunity to reap the benefits of greater openness in services markets worldwide. The papers in this volume, produced as part of the OECD Trade Directorate's services project, explore fundamental issues for the services negotiations: what are the barriers to trade in services? How can those barriers be addressed in negotiations to ensure meaningful results? How can services liberalisation be bolstered and underpinned by improved regulatory transparency? Ranging from the incidence and impact of economic needs tests, through quantitative and qualitative formulas for reducing the barriers to trade in services, to possible disciplines affording interested parties the opportunity to comment before regulations are enacted, this volume identifies and analyses innovative solutions to the challenges facing services negotiators.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264194960-en
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  • 9
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    The Development Dimensions of Trade (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264195837
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (154 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Échanges et développement ; Les enjeux
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Échanges et développement : Les enjeux
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    QM 000
    Keywords: Free trade Developing countries ; International economic integration ; International trade ; Development ; Trade ; Developing countries Commerce ; Developing countries Commercial policy ; Developing countries Economic conditions ; Developing countries Economic policy ; Welthandel ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung
    Abstract: The multilateral trading system has delivered successive rounds of trade liberalisation and established mechanisms to protect the interests of trading nations. The result has been growth for those nations that have recognised the importance of openness and established a domestic policy framework that complements the opportunities presented by trade liberalisation. How have some developing countries been able to turn globalisation to their advantage? What trade issues will need to be addressed if development is to be promoted more broadly? How can the multilateral trading system facilitate the development process? This publication provides an in-depth analysis of the development dimensions of trade, with particular emphasis on the integration of non-OECD countries into the global economy.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264195837-en
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  • 10
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    International Trade and Core Labour Standards (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264188006
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les échanges internationaux et les normes fondamentales du travail
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Comercio internacional y estándares laborales básicos
    DDC: 327
    RVK:
    QM 200
    RVK:
    QV 000
    Keywords: Employment ; Trade ; Electronic books ; Welthandel ; Arbeitsbedingungen ; Arbeitsrecht ; OECD ; Sozialklausel ; Außenwirtschaftspolitik ; Direktinvestition ; Handelsabkommen
    Abstract: What are the major developments with respect to trade and labour standards since the OECD’s 1996 study on Trade, Employment and Labour Standards? What is being done to promote these standards? What evidence is there of progress? What are the possible links between core labour standards, trade, foreign direct investment, economic development and employment? International Trade and Core Labour Standards addresses these and related questions. It also provides a current overview of key issues with respect to core labour standards and their relation to trade and employment, aiming to provide a common basis for constructive policy dialogue among the concerned parties in the future.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264188006-en
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  • 11
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    Regional Integration and Internal Reforms in the Mediterranean Area (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264182240
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Intégration régionale et réformes intérieures en Méditerranée
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Regional integration and internal reforms in the Mediterranean Area
    RVK:
    QG 730
    Keywords: Handelsliberalisierung ; Wirtschaftliche Anpassung ; Strukturwandel ; Mittelmeerraum ; Ägypten ; Tunesien ; Internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen ; Internationaler Wettbewerb ; EU-Staaten ; Mittelmeerraum ; Development ; Trade ; Europäische Union ; Maghreb ; Wirtschaftsbeziehungen
    Abstract: The trade liberalisation agreements signed between the European Union and the southern Mediterranean countries carry risks as well as benefits. They reveal structural weaknesses in the partner countries, including continued rent seeking, market segmentation, a weak modern private sector and inadequate fiscal systems. In the short term, since the agreements only cover industrial goods and not agriculture or services, there is a risk of job losses in the domestic industrial sector due to competition from the EU. The authors of this study highlight the opportunities the agreements offer for supporting reforms to encourage industrial restructuring through financial transfers, providing incentives for producers to diversify, and securing new markets. Achieving the reforms, however, will require political will in the southern Mediterranean countries and complementary reforms in the European Union to open its markets further to include those sectors currently excluded from the agreements. Moreover, as demonstrated by the authors' detailed analysis of the Egyptian and Tunisian cases, a regional response to the challenges posed by the agreements is likely to bring more benefits than a purely national response.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Intégration régionale et réformes intérieures en méditerranée
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264182240-en
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  • 12
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    Trade Measures in Multilateral Environmental Agreements (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264180611
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (216 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les mesures commerciales dans les accords multilatéraux sur l'environnement
    RVK:
    QT 000
    Keywords: Environment ; Trade ; Forschungsbericht ; Umweltpolitik ; Außenhandel ; Handelshemmnis ; Umwelt ; Vereinbarung ; Handelsabkommen ; Regelung
    Abstract: International conventions designed to combat global environmental problems -- known as Multilateral Environmental Agreements or MEAs -- often use trade measures, among other instruments. But in fact the term trade measures covers a variety of provisions, ranging from simple reporting requirements of transboundary movements to the use of trade sanctions imposed to change a country’s environmental behaviour. MEA use of trade measures has not been without controversy in both trade policy and environment policy circles. In order to try and disentangle the various strands of this important set of trade and environment issues, the OECD Joint Session of Trade and Environment Experts focused on the actual experience with the use of trade measures in three universally subscribed MEAs -- CITES (on endangered species), the Montreal Protocol (on ozone layer depleting substances) and the Basel Convention (on hazardous wastes). Whilst the case studies unsurprisingly reveal varying experiences, common issues and main themes, as well as a series of lessons learned, could nonetheless be drawn together from the case study analyses and have been assembled in the concluding chapter of this volume.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264180611-en
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  • 13
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    The European Union's Trade Policies and their Economic Effects (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264188532
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les politiques commerciales de l'Union européenne et leurs effets économiques
    RVK:
    QM 430
    Keywords: Free trade European Union countries ; Trade ; European Union countries Commerce ; European Union countries Commercial policy ; European Union countries Foreign economic relations ; Europäische Union ; Außenwirtschaftspolitik
    Abstract: This book retraces the Communities' external liberalisation efforts, and discusses, where relevant, the repercussions of internal liberalisation on foreign competitors. The aim of this book is to clarify, and when feasible, to quantify the economic effects of the EU’s trade policies. To this end, it provides an overview of past liberalisation efforts, reviews trade indicators in international comparison and lays out the future trade agenda of the Community. According to the empirical evidence provided in this volume, integration in Europe does not seem to have entailed much trade diversion, while trade is likely to have boosted area-wide income significantly. It is openness in general, rather than regional integration, that has favoured growth in Europe.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264188532-en
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