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  • 2000-2004  (53)
  • 1985-1989  (22)
  • Dordrecht : Springer  (75)
  • Boston, MA : Safari
  • Social sciences  (75)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402028823
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 199 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The International Library of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Ethics 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Environmental sciences ; Political science Philosophy ; Environment. ; Political philosophy.
    Abstract: The purpose of this study is to question whether liberal political theories ought to inform the way policymakers and administrators analyze risk in proposed courses of environmental practice. In order to explore the relationship of liberal theory to rational practice in environmental policy, this project examines the risk analysis used to approve the genetically engineered bovine growth hormone in American agricultural policy. The Political Theories of Risk Analysis suggests that American environmental public policy is attempting to assess danger with an incomplete notion of utility, to eliminate the hazards of society with an inadequate contractual justification of political authority, and to publicly debate accepted levels of risk with an unfulfilled critical social theory. Because environmental risk analyses are incorrectly perceived as technically rational and socially apolitical, they result in practices that are muddled and misdirected. Making theoretical foundations explicit, however, could lead to improved practice. Public policy and administrative decisions regarding agricultural biotechnologies should and can function with more concern for democratic values. The Political Theories of Risk Analysis is for environmental scientists, philosophers, public policy planners, applied ethicists, political scientists and environmentalists
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9781402028717
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXVI, 405 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Medicine 82
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: medicine Philosophy ; Medicine ; Life sciences ; Social sciences ; Philosophy. ; Law—Philosophy. ; Law. ; Medicine—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This book deals with the essential philosophical/ethical dimension that concerns the ends and goods entrusted to medicine. It shows that medicine cannot be reduced to its scientific and technical aspects and that the constitutive philosophical aspects of medicine presently are in a state of crisis. Medicine, besides being a scientifically based art of diagnosing and curing infirmities of many kinds, also possesses an essential philosophical and ethical dimension. It turns into anti-medicine if it no longer stands in the service of those goods and ends that are entrusted to it. Their nature is in no way known by natural science but can be clarified by philosophy. Consequently, medicine suffers from philosophical diseases of different degrees of gravity if its theory and practice are based on errors about its proper ends. The cure from the life-threatening philosophical diseases of medicine lies in a critique of philosophical mistakes that influence the theory and practice of medicine and in an understanding and practical implementation of those ethically relevant goods that constitute its true ends. At a time when these goods are by no means universally recognized or embodied in laws of medicine, some basic philosophical understanding of them and of the foundations of medical ethics is urgently required. The purpose of this volume is to provide this largely neglected part of general and medical education
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9781402027659
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer-11648
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Series Statement: Studies of Organized Crime 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    RVK:
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Criminal Law ; Political Science ; Sociology ; Criminology
    Abstract: The History of Organised Crime -- to Part I: The History of the Concept -- The Mafia and the ‘Problem of the Mafia’: Organised Crime in Italy, 1820-1970 -- Multiple Underworlds in the Dutch Republic of the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries -- ‘Many a Lord is Guilty, Indeed For Many a Poor Man's Dishonest Deed’: Gangs of Robbers in Early Mode -- Banditry in Corsica: The Eighteenth to Twentieth Centuries -- From Thievish Artel to Criminal Corporation: The History of Organised Crime in Russia -- Urban Knights and Rebels in the Ottoman Empire -- Comparative Synthesis of Part I -- Contemporary Patterns of Organised Crime -- to Part II: Sources and Literature -- Organised Crime in Italy: Mafia and Illegal Markets – Exception and Normality -- Crossing Borders: Organised Crime in the Netherlands -- Organised Crime in Germany: A Passe-Partout Definition Encompassing Different Phenomena -- How Organised is Organised Crime in France? -- Spain: The Flourishing Illegal Drug Haven in Europe -- The Nature and Representation of Organised Crime in the United Kingdom -- The Czech Republic: A Crossroads for Organised Crime -- Organised Crime in Poland: Its Development from ‘Real Socialism’ to Present Times -- Illegal Markets and Organised Crime in Switzerland: A Critical Assessment -- Organised Crime in Albania: The Ugly Side of Capitalism and Democracy -- Contemporary Russian Organised Crime: Embedded in Russian Society -- The Turkish Mafia and the State -- Comparative Synthesis of Part II -- Organised Crime Control Policies -- to Part III: The Initiatives of the European Union and the Council of Europe -- The Paradox of Effectiveness: Growth, Institutionalisation and Evaluation of Anti-Mafia Policies in Italy -- Organised Crime Policies in the Netherlands -- Organised Crime Policies in Germany -- The Control of Organised Crime in France: A Fuzzy Concept but a Handy Reference -- Organised Crime Control Policies in Spain: A ‘Disorganised’ Criminal Policy for ‘Organised’ Crime -- The Making of the United Kingdom's Organised Crime Control Policies -- Denmark on the Road to Organised Crime -- Organised Crime Policies in the Czech Republic: A Hard Road from Under-Estimation to the European Standard -- The Development of Organised Crime Policies in Poland: From Socialist Regime to ‘Rechtsstaat’ -- Organised Crime Policies in Switzerland: Opening the Way for a New Type of Criminal Legislation -- Organised Crime Control in Albania: The Long and Difficult Path to Meet International Standards and Develop Effective Policies -- Anti-Organised Crime Policies in Russia -- Comparative Synthesis of Part III -- Organised Crime Control Policies -- Comparative Synthesis of Part III -- General Conclusion -- General Conclusion.
    Abstract: This volume represents the first attempt to systematically compare organised crime concepts, as well as historical and contemporary patterns and control policies in thirteen European countries. These include seven ‘old’ EU Member States (Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, The Netherlands, Spain and the United Kingdom), two ‘new’ members (the Czech Republic and Poland), a candidate country (Turkey), and three non-EU countries (Albania, Russia and Switzerland). Based on a standardised research protocol, thirty-three experts from different legal and social disciplines provide insight through detailed country reports. On this basis, the editors compare organised crime patterns and policies in Europe and assess EU initiatives against organised crime. Its informed analyses and unprejudiced assessments will make Organised Crime in Europe an indispensable resource for scholars, students, practitioners, and policy-makers interested in understanding the complex phenomenon of organised crime and its related control policies in Europe.
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9781402029035
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 367 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Social Indicators Research Series 24
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Quality of Life ; Quality of Life Research ; Social sciences ; Political science. ; Sociology.
    Abstract: The theme of the Fifth International Conference, organized by the International Society for Quality of Life Studies, was "challenges for the quality of life in the contemporary world". There are new threats and new prospects with regard to the quality of life in each generation, and securing and improving the quality of life constitute a never-ending task. Research related to these problems is of interest to specialists in science and politics as well as to a broader public consisting of those who are concerned with questions of the quality of life, happiness, life satisfaction, life domains, social quality, well-being, societal goals, cultural and economic challenges. The first set of contributions to this volume offers a discussion about the goal of the quality of life. This discussion is currently held in modernized as well as in developing countries. The second section focuses on scientific institutions and procedures, which are necessary for monitoring the quality of life in a valid and reliable manner. The third part deals with challenges for the quality of life in the economy and working life. The fourth section presents a series of contributions on cultural challenges for the quality of life; family, divorce, the well-being of children and the significance of values are considered. The fifth section is devoted to fundamental options and restrictions for the quality of life and answers the question of what we can do to improve our satisfaction with life
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  • 5
    ISBN: 9781402029240
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 142 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Public international law. ; Social sciences ; Criminal Law ; Criminology ; International law.
    Abstract: This book contains part of the revised papers presented at the ISPAC International Conference on Crime and Technology held in Courmayeur on November 2003. It presents a multidisciplinary approach to an emerging topic and addresses two main questions: "How do crime and criminals change because of technology?" and "What are the challenges offered that could make the fight against cyber criminals more effective and reduce the opportunities for computer crimes and computer-related crimes?" The authors are well-known policymakers, practitioners and researchers. In their interpretations and answers to the questions posed they focus either on general issues or on details that shed light on the relationships between crime and technology. The challenge remains on the capability of legislation, law enforcement and research to take the best from technology and use it to combat crime and at the same time to oppose the use of technology by criminals in committing their crimes. This process needs flexibility in legislation, better training in law enforcement and good quality research oriented to help policy solutions and, finally, a good partnership between public authorities, law enforcement, private authorities and consumers associations. This book is of interest to academics and to personnel working in international organizations or in law enforcement areas. Ernesto U. Savona is Professor of Criminology at Università Cattolica in Milan, Director of TRANSCRIME (Joint Research Centre on Transnational Crime) Università di Trento/ Universita Cattolica. President of the European Society of Criminology (2003/2004) and Editor of the European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research. Author of books and articles on changes in crime and their implications for criminal policies he is the co-ordinator of two research projects (MARC and IKOC) under the sixth Framework Programme of the European Commission
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401703895
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 492 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Social Indicators Research Series 19
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Quality of Life ; Medical research. ; Quality of Life Research ; Public health ; Economic policy ; Sociology.
    Abstract: Since initiating the journal Social Indicators Research in 1974, Alex C. Michalos has been a pioneer in social indicators and quality-of-life research. This collection of nineteen articles provides an overview of nearly 30 years of work, including papers drawn from diverse sources and papers never published before. Topics range over quality of life investigations connected to the problems of combining social, economic and environmental indicators, measuring the status of women in Canada, housing and migration, health and human well-being, older peoples' well-being, leisure activities and health, impact of public services, police services, criminal victimization, feminism and ethnic relations on the quality of life. The final paper, on multiple discrepancies theory (MDT), is the author's unique contribution to an empirically testable new foundation for theories of utility, satisfaction and happiness
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400709898
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 207 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Advances in Group Decision and Negotiation 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Industrial management ; Social sciences Methodology ; Social sciences ; Decision making. ; Operations research ; Anthropology ; Management. ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Abstract: How People Negotiate brings together a set of negotiation stories, accompanied by an integrative overview. This volume provides cases and theoretical elaboration and includes a comprehensive overview of research on negotiation. Some negotiation stories are exotic and strange: they come from a large number of countries, ranging from China, to African Countries, to the Ancient Middle East. Others are drawn from Western settings such as France, Germany, and USA. The negotiations described take various forms: negotiating with oneself, negotiating one's own way through bicycle traffic or animals appearing to negotiate with each other. The stories begin with Abraham negotiating with the Lord about the fate of Sodom, the first-ever recorded account of negotiations. The negotiations in this volume present something new and unusual. They are catchy, intriguing, exciting, intellectually challenging and original. They give us a new perspective on negotiating, tell us something about the world we live in, and - by means of a worthwhile detour - they teach us about ourselves
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9789401701976
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 278 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 92
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Epistemology. ; Social sciences ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Semiotics. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Concepts of Meaning includes contributions from well-known philosophers of language and semanticists. It is a useful collection for students in philosophy of language, semantics and epistemology. This work discusses new research in semantics, theory of truth, philosophy of language and theory of communication from a trans-disciplinary perspective. An integrated theory of linguistic behavior should provide a framework to make behavior intelligible. This work addresses issues such as sentence meaning, utterance meaning, speaker's intention and reference, linguistic context, circumstances and background theories. Readers will learn that interpretation is a result of a complex pattern
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9789400710658
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 342 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: European Studies of Population 12
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Management science. ; Economics ; Population ; Demography ; Sociology. ; Population—Economic aspects.
    Abstract: The book is theoretically driven and combines demographic and sociological approaches with rational choice theory to explain assortative mating. Using life-history data from a broad range of industrialized countries and longitudinal statistical models, the book analyzes the process of spouse selection in the life courses of single men and women. The countries included vary widely in important characteristics such as demographic behavior and institutional characteristics. The life course approach explicitly recognizes the dynamic nature of partner decisions, the importance of educational roles and institutional circumstances as young men and women move through their life paths, and the accumulation of advantages and disadvantages experienced by individuals
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401707213
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 218 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, Series A: Philosophy and Methodology of the Social Sciences 36
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library A:, Rational Choice in Practical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science 36
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Economics ; Law Psychological aspects ; Decision making. ; Economic theory. ; Operations research ; Criminology ; Psychology. ; Econometrics.
    Abstract: Olof Dahlbäck's book breaks new ground for the analysis of crime from a rationality perspective by presenting models and methods that go far beyond those with which researchers have hitherto been equipped. The book examines single crimes, individual criminality, and societal crime, and it discusses thoroughly the general decision theoretical presuppositions necessary for analyzing these various types of crime. An expected utility maximization model for a single discrete choice regarding the commission of a crime is the foundation of most of the analyses presented. A version of this model is developed that permits interpersonal comparisons, and this basic model is used when deriving more complex models of crime as well as when analyzing the potential for such derivations. The rigorous, powerful methods suggested provide considerable opportunities for improving research and for seeing old problems in a new light
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400709850
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 199 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies of Organized Crime 3
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Criminology ; Sociology. ; Political science.
    Abstract: In the current processes of political, economic and cultural changes serious cross-border forms of organized crime receive unprecedented attention as spectacular global media events, as 'threats' of all sorts, and as priority targets of criminal policy and political agendas. Most books on 'global organized crime' focus on one particular region, topic or event, and are written from one specific theoretical and disciplinary framework. The renowned scholars who have contributed to this volume present up-to-date expertise on regions as distant and different as Russia, Colombia, the Netherlands, Israel, Peru and Britain. They tackle phenomena such as international drug trafficking, alien and women smuggling, terrorism, East European organized crime and financial crimes. They show not only how these issues are interrelated, but also the way in which they interact with social, economic and political legitimate structures. The contributors critically question the policies and strategies currently pursued. They explore different theoretical arguments from the perspective of their own disciplines, which include economics, criminology, political science and anthropology
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  • 12
    ISBN: 9789401703253
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 214 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The Springer Series on Demographic Methods and Population Analysis
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Economics ; Economic theory. ; Public health ; Statistics ; Population ; Aging Research ; Demography ; Population—Economic aspects. ; Econometrics.
    Abstract: African Americans constitute one of the most interesting and dynamic components of the population of the United States. Unfortunately, an accurate assessment of their demographic characteristics is beset by inaccuracies in the underlying data. Using a novel strategy that combines record linkage and demographic/statistical analysis, the authors produce an internally consistent and robust set of estimates of the African-American population during the period 1930-1990. They interpret the record that emerges, with special reference to longevity trends and differentials. This work is of particular interest to demographers, sociologists and students of ethnic studies
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- 1: Background and Plan of Study -- 2: Data Conundrums -- 3: Ascertaining True Ages at Death Through a Matching Study -- 4: Understanding the Sources of Age Misreporting -- 5: Reconstructing the Size of the Population by Age and Sex -- 6: Mortality and Fertility Trends -- 7: Childhood Conditions that Predict Survival to Advanced Ages -- References -- Index.
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  • 13
    ISBN: 9789401702812
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 537 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Social Indicators Research Series 14
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Applied psychology ; Quality of Life ; Cross-cultural psychology. ; Quality of Life Research ; Economic policy ; Microeconomics ; Anthropology ; Sociology. ; Ethnopsychology.
    Abstract: This is the first volume ever published to examine the objective and subjective qualities of Korean life from both comparative and dynamic perspectives. It presents non-Western policy alternatives to enhancing the quality of citizens' lives, distinguishing Korea as an Asian model of economic prosperity and political democracy. The book is intended for academics, policy makers and the general public interested in recent developments in Korea
    Description / Table of Contents: From the contents: Introduction -- I: The Transformation of Korean Life -- II: Quality of Life across Life Domains -- III: Quality of Life across Population Groups -- IV: The Quality of Korean Life in Comparative Perspective -- Index of Authors.
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401701235
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 204 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, Series A: Philosophy and Methodology of the Social Sciences 35
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library A:, Rational Choice in Practical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science 35
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Social sciences Methodology ; Decision making. ; Operations research ; Anthropology ; Sociology. ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Abstract: Generating Images of Stratification is a self-contained presentation of a theoretical research program that deals with a significant explanatory problem relating to social inequality and that constructs generative theoretical models in doing so. In more detail: -Self-contained presentation - In respect to the background sociological facts and theoretical ideas and also the formal methods the book provides clear and simple accounts accompanied by examples. - A theoretical research program - The emphasis is on theory development, involving a series of theoretical models constructed within a core framework of principles and methods. - Deals with a significant explanatory problem relating to social inequality - We know from research that how people perceive the stratification system of a society depends upon their position in that system. So the problem is: What process generates this regularity and thereby explains empirical generalizations about the social structuration of images? - Constructs generative theoretical models - The book is an extended presentation of "generative theory" in sociology, a formal method of producing effective theoretical explanations. Generating Images of Stratification is of interest to mathematical sociologists and formal theorists in sociology; sociologists interested in social stratification; methodologists, both in sociology and in other fields; philosophers of social science; and theoretical scientists and mathematicians who are interested in applying their analytical tools to social science topics
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9789401730082
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 494 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Space Studies 6
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Environmental toxicology ; Economics ; Ecotoxicology. ; Observations, Astronomical. ; Astronomy—Observations. ; Computer science ; Social sciences ; Management science. ; Automotive engineering. ; Business. ; Astronomy ; Environmental chemistry.
    Abstract: The Symposium's broad ranging theme is analysed and discussed from many viewpoints - engineering, science, policy, law, business, finance and management. Different ways in which small satellites may create larger business opportunities are examined, ranging from telecommunications systems to Earth observation applications and technology demonstrators. Information satisfying the needs of consumers is the key to success. Small satellites, which are Responsive, Adaptable and Cost Effective, will define the new space RACE. The Proceedings of this Symposium are invaluable to all people in industry, government and academia who are using space in innovative ways
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9789401598804
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 322 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Space Studies 7
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Economics ; Industrial management ; Social sciences ; Business. ; Management science. ; Law of the sea. ; International law. ; Automotive engineering. ; Management. ; Aeronautics
    Abstract: What will be the future directions of human spaceflight? That was the key question addressed at this Symposium - in an atmosphere of realism mixed with idealism. Building on the foundations of the International Space Station, will it be space tourism, habitats in space, mining an asteroid on a collision course with Earth, bases on the Moon, or the colonisation of Mars? What robotic missions will be essential before crewed missions can be launched? How will these be financed? And when might it all happen? Many ideas from the USA, Canada, Europe, Russia and Japan were put forward on the "whys" and the "hows" of our future exploration of the final frontier and what is likely to be needed to make dreams come true. The Proceedings of this Symposium are invaluable to all people in industry, government and academia who are interested in the future of human spaceflight. ISU WWW Server: http://www.isunet.edu. Further information on ISU Symposia may also be obtained by e-mail from symposiumisu.isunet.edu
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9789401002714
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 189 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Social Indicators Research Series 16
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Quality of Life ; Psychopharmacology ; Quality of Life Research ; Sociology. ; Philosophy. ; Psychiatry.
    Abstract: This book is concerned with the universality of wellbeing indicators. It provides contributions from international scholars in the field of quality of life and subjective well-being. The book provides substantial conceptual coverage on issues relating to the universality of subjective wellbeing including detailed discussion of central underlying mechanisms and processes involved in subjective wellbeing. The main topics covered include: the theoretical bases for the measurement of quality of life, the affective dimension in quality of life, the roles of homeostasis and personality in the processes of quality of life assessment and maintenance, the impact of factors including residential care, economic wealth, and work-related variables on subjective wellbeing. The book is of interest to all who want to develop their understanding of the universality, assessment, development and maintenance of subjective wellbeing
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9789401733816
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 307 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: European Studies of Population 11
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Economics ; Statistics ; Public health ; Epidemiology ; Population ; Demography ; Business. ; Management science. ; Biometry. ; Population—Economic aspects.
    Abstract: The Life Table covers various important issues in life table construction and use. G. Wunsch presents a non-technical overview of the life table in the first chapter. G. Calot and A. Franco then give a detailed account of the estimation of the probability of dying between two consecutive ages, taking migration and the distribution of population at risk into account. E. Valkovics compares various methods of decomposing the difference in life expectancies. J. Anson deals with the problem of finding suitable indicators summarising the age distribution of mortality. Two chapters, respectively by G. Caselli and by E. Tabeau, F. Willekens, and F. van Poppel, are devoted to age, period, and cohort effects in mortality. Three chapters then deal more specifically with mortality by cause of death. F. Meslé first discusses the problem of adequately registering these causes. A.E. Kunst, J.P. Mackenbach, H. Lautenbach, F.B. Oei, and F. Bijlsma examine the gains in life expectancy obtained by eliminating major causes of death, taking into account competing causes of death. J. Duchêne presents an introduction to multi-state morbidity-mortality models by cause. The competing risks model is thoroughly analysed by M. Mouchart and J.M. Rolin. E. Camboid and J.M. Robine show how the life table model can be extended for the assessment of the global health level of a population. The book ends with a concluding chapter by Jon Anson, which puts life table analysis in a broader sociological perspective
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9789401599481
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 167 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Argumentation Library 6
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Social sciences ; Philosophy. ; Linguistics.
    Abstract: This volume discusses two distinct perspectives on the analysis of argumentative discourse: the dialectical and the rhetorical perspective. Both theoretical approaches have a long and eminent history, which is also complex. After their first development in Antiquity, remarkable changes have taken place in the way in which dialectic and rhetoric, and their relationship, have been viewed. This volume intends to open a thorough discussion of the two approaches, their commonalities and differences, and the ways in which, in some combination or other, they can be used to further the development of sound analytic tools for dealing with argumentation. Dialectic and Rhetoric: The Warp and Woof of Argumentation Analysis contains essays by prominent scholars in dialetic and rhetoric: J.A.E. Bons, Frans H. van Eemeren, Jean Goodwin, Hanns Hohmann, Peter Houtlosser, Scott Jacobs, Erik C.W. Krabbe, Fred J. Kauffeld, Michael Leff, and Edward Schlappa. All authors explain certain views on the role that dialetic and rhetoric can play, alone or in combination, in conceptualizing and analyzing argumentative discourse. The collection of essays as a whole is meant to be an inspiration to all those interested in improving the quality of the analysis of argumentative discourse
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- 1. And Always the Twain Shall Meet -- 2. Reasonable Argument Before Aristotle: The Roots of the Enthymeme -- 3. Meeting in the House of Callias: an Historical Perspective on Rhetoric and Dialectic -- 4. Rhetoric and Dialectic: Some Historical and Legal Perspectives -- 5. The Relation Between Dialectic and Rhetoric in a Classical and a Modern Perspective -- 6. Evaluating Argumentative Discourse from a Rhetorical Perspective: Defining `Person' and `Human Life' in Constitutional Disputes over Abortion -- 7. Designing Issues -- 8. Pivotal Issues and Norms in Rhetorical Theories of Argumentation -- 9. Messages, Functional Contexts, and Categories of Fallacy: Some Dialectical and Rhetorical Considerations -- 10. Strategic Maneuvering: Maintaining a Delicate Balance -- The Contributors -- Index of Names.
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401598606
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 189 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Library of Ethics, Law, and the New Medicine 15
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Emerging infectious diseases ; General practice (Medicine). ; Infectious diseases. ; Family medicine ; Immunology ; Anthropology ; Diseases.
    Abstract: In the mid-1990s new treatment options introduced a new era of AIDS. This book is a sophisticated study of the shaping of this new era. Well informed by ethnographic as well as statistical data, it reveals the complex and ambiguous processes of change in the field of HIV/AIDS and beyond. The investigation leads from the changing conceptions of disease and body to the re-defined roles of patients and physicians, and eventually treats the shifts in the production and diffusion of knowledge that the health care system underwent. In doing so, the book captures the new era of AIDS from multiple perspectives and through the voices of physicians as well as people with HIV. It offers an accessible and engaging account of the wide-ranging responses this illness caused. As an original and timely contribution to questions of considerable currency in medicine and the social sciences, the book meets the interests of specialists, professionals, researchers and students alike
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401724203
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 161 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Education ; Social sciences ; Educational sociology. ; Sociology.
    Abstract: The most pressing challenge facing contemporary educators and social theorists is how to deal with new configurations of family without slipping into nostalgia or deficit models. New Times: New Families reframes the nuclear family in a way that will challenge traditional theorizations. It takes the reader on a wide-ranging journey towards a new kind of family, drawing upon theorists such as Bourdieu, Wilden, and Deleuze & Guattari. Unlike other `family' oriented texts, this book reframes family in provocative and unexpected ways. As a result it has the potential to elicit vigorous debate amongst postgraduate students and other researchers involved in family and cultural studies
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401002578
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (288p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Social Indicators Research Series 15
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Endogenous growth (Economics) ; Quality of Life ; Economic growth. ; Quality of Life Research ; Sociology. ; Economic development.
    Abstract: This book is concerned with the question of inequality - which points to a major structural problem in intra-national and inter-national respect. It covers the tension between the rich and poor in less developed countries as well as within richer countries in the process of globalisation. The main topics are the scope of disparities between the rich and poor, people's perception of wealth and poverty, and the concomitants of inequality which shape this relationship and influence its socio-economic consequences. In the tradition of social reporting, the book brings together authors from 15 countries, documenting a broad range of the international inequality debate. The results are related to the trends of socio-economic development, to statistical problems of measuring inequality, and to socio-political problems of integrating society in the facing the challenge of dividing forces. The book is of interest for everybody who wants to understand the tensions of modern world
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401599702
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 335 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Social Indicators Research Series 17
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Quality of Life ; Quality of Life Research ; Public health ; Sociology.
    Abstract: The knowledge base in the domains of quality of life, well-being, and subjective well-being is continuing to grow at a rapid rate. In light of this growth, and the interest it reflects on the part of scholars, practitioners, and policy makers internationally, this book will play an important role in bringing scholars and students up to date on diverse topics and promoting and encouraging research in the field of quality-of-life (QOL) studies. Unlike most other similar publications quality of life studies is broadly construed to involve all of the social and health sciences. This volume has much to offer the reader. The papers reflect a diversity of disciplinary and methodological perspectives, it contains material on (a) the monitoring, assessing, and modelling of quality of life, (b) matters of policy, finance, marketing, and business, and (c) papers devoted to the determinants and correlates of well-being and quality of life
    Description / Table of Contents: From the contents:Section I: Monitoring, Assessing and Modeling Quality of Life -- Section II: Policy, Finance, Marketing, and Business -- Section III: Determinants and Correlates of Well-Being and Quality of Life -- Unequal Perceived Quality of Life among Elderly Italians: Different Satisfaction Levels in Different Spheres of Life.
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  • 24
    ISBN: 9789401598729
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXII, 195 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Social Indicators Research Series 10
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Quality of Life ; Public international law. ; Quality of Life Research ; Criminology ; Sociology. ; International law.
    Abstract: Based on large research material collected in Hungary, Macedonia, Serbia and Bulgaria Social change, Gender and Violence is the book which explores the impact of transition from communism and war on everyday life of women and men, as well as the way how everyday life and gender related changes affect women's vulnerability to domestic violence and trafficking in women. The book also explores the impact of micro level changes on development of civil society, women's movement, and legal and policy changes regarding violence against women. This is a unique book, which tries to look at violence against women as connected to oppression of both women and men. It argues that violence against women in post-communist and war affected societies is significantly connected to the increase of social stratification, economic hardship, unemployment, instability, uncertainty and related social stresses, changes in gender identity and structural inequalities brought by new world order. Using largely accounts of more than hundred interviewed people, the author shows vividly how, in post-communist societies, the contradictions of capitalism are interlaced with the mostly negative relics of communism. Moreover, the book shows how contradictory processes in post-communist societies have led to a rather paradoxical result: political pluralism and a capitalist economic system generated both violence against women and a women's movement, albeit not the conditions for a reduction of violence
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction. -1. Social Change and War in Post-Communist Society -- 2. Like a Mirror Image -- 3. Gender in Transition -- 4. Domestic Violence -- 5. Sex Trafficking in Women -- 6. Civil Society, Feminism and Institutional Changes -- Conclusion -- References -- Index.
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  • 25
    ISBN: 9789401002516
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 239 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Social Indicators Research Series 13
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Quality of Life ; Management science. ; Quality of Life Research ; Economics ; Political science. ; Sociology.
    Abstract: Global Instability: Uncertainty and New Visions in Political Economy presents a series of papers that address the political consequences of globalization for states and their populations, while exploring the issue of alternatives to the model of globalization we are presently experiencing. The focus moves from the world of international agreements to the national and sub-national dilemmas that are posed by attempting to manage a set of global developments within a given territory. The initial chapter, by Daniel Drache, explores a still-born post-war international organization, the International Trade Organization, that offers a different vision of how a globally integrated economy might operate. A number of papers then explore the challenges posed by today's globalization, including currency instability in an environment of financial deregulation, the rights conferred on investors by the North American Free Trade Agreement, and the progressive liberalization of trade in services built into the General Agreement on Trade in Services
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401716796
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 250 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The GeoJournal Library 71
    Series Statement: GeoJournal Library 71
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Curriculum planning ; Science Study and teaching ; Social sciences Methodology ; Social sciences ; Curriculums (Courses of study). ; Science education. ; Learning. ; Instruction. ; Human Geography ; Education—Curricula. ; Sociology—Methodology. ; Science—Study and teaching. ; Learning, Psychology of.
    Abstract: This book draws together for the first time expertise in cultural geography and geographical education that synthesises the main ideas in these fields to improve our cultural understanding of the world and to demonstrate how such understanding may be interwoven into the geography curricula at different levels of education. Its aim is to inject more intercultural understanding and education into people's lives. This is achieved by focusing on key aspects such as geography and culture, geography and citizenship, pedagogic implications and future directions for inter-cultural learning, understanding, and education. Through contributions from international researchers and educators, this publication demonstrates how the study of geography can assist people in different social and cultural groups to sustain their lifeworlds, and, wherever possible, improve them for future generations of citizens. Therefore, geography can be effective in the promotion of lifelong learning for groups of people who interact in both real and virtual worlds in the twenty-first century
    Description / Table of Contents: From the contents: Preface -- List of Contributors -- Section 1: Introduction -- Section 2: Geography and Culture -- Section 3: Geography and Citizenship -- Section 4: Pedagogic Implications -- Section 5: Future Directions.
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401599047
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XX, 281 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Social Indicators Research Series 12
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Psychology, clinical ; Consciousness ; Quality of Life ; Social psychology. ; Quality of Life Research ; Sociology. ; Clinical psychology. ; Personality. ; Difference (Psychology).
    Abstract: This book summarizes much of the research in subjective well-being and integrates this research into a parsimonious theory. The theory posits that much of the research on subjective well-being can be construed in terms of the personal strategies that people use to `optimise' their happiness and life satisfaction. These strategies include bottom-up spillover, top-down spillover, horizontal spillover, balance, re-evaluation, goal selection, and goal implementation
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401597432
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXI, 506 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Medicine 69
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Medicine ; Ethics ; Public health ; Social sciences ; Philosophy. ; Sociology.
    Abstract: This volume is written for scholars and analysts in the field of health policy, philosophy of health care, and biomedical ethics, particularly the ethics of resource allocation and the just distribution of scarce resources. The book provides students and scholars with an improved understanding of solidarity as a fundamental value in health care and social care, by comparing it with traditional approaches to justice, fairness, and individual freedom. In addition, the reader is provided with empirical evidence of the socio-cultural views of solidarity, which may contribute to a better understanding of its determinants at the national level. The book has strong applied and policy dimensions. By giving examples of the way solidarity can be institutionalised and practised, the book may make an important contribution to the debate on health care reform and health care policy in Europe as well as the United States
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  • 29
    ISBN: 9789401598439
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 174 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Computer science ; Library science ; Social sciences ; User interfaces (Computer systems). ; Human-computer interaction.
    Abstract: Interdisciplinary inquiry has become more pervasive in recent decades, yet we still know little about the conduct of this type of research or the information problems associated with it. This book is one of few empirical studies of interdisciplinary knowledge practices. It examines how interdisciplinary scientists discover and exchange information and knowledge, highlighting how the boundaries between disciplines affect how information is used and how knowledge is constructed. It is written for scholars and practitioners with an interest in developing information systems and research environments to foster innovative scientific work. Target groups include researchers in information science, science studies, communication, as well as research administrators and information professionals
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  • 30
    ISBN: 9789401006200
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 284 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Contemporary Trends and Issues in Science Education 14
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Education ; Science Study and teaching ; Humanities ; Science education. ; Social sciences ; Science—Study and teaching.
    Abstract: This book provides an overview of the theory and practice of science communication. It covers the whole area and illustrates it by looking at the experience of research workers in science communication and those whose task is to put science communication into practice. It deals with modes of informal communication such as science centres, television programs, and journalism and the research that informs practitioners about the effectiveness of their programs. It aims to meet the needs of those studying science communication as well as the increasing numbers of people who are employed in science centres and museums but have no formal training in this field. It is envisaged that the book will form a readily accessible source of expertise for communicators
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  • 31
    ISBN: 9789401715041
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IV, 394 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, Series A: Philosophy and Methodology of the Social Sciences 31
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library A:, Rational Choice in Practical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science 31
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Economics ; Economic theory. ; Philosophy and science. ; Social sciences ; Philosophy. ; Econometrics. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: In a ground-breaking series of articles, one of them written by a Nobel Laureate, this volume demonstrates the evolutionary dynamic and the transformation of today's democratic societies into scientific-democratic societies. It highlights the progress of modeling individual and societal evaluation by neo-Bayesian utility theory. It shows how social learning and collective opinion formation work, and how democracies cope with randomness caused by randomizers. Nonlinear `evolution equations' and serial stochastic matrices of evolutionary game theory allow us to optimally compute possible serial evolutionary solutions of societal conflicts. But in democracies progress can be defined as any positive, gradual, innovative and creative change of culturally used, transmitted and stored mentifacts (models, theories), sociofacts (customs, opinions), artifacts and technifacts, within and across generations. The most important changes are caused, besides randomness, by conflict solutions and their realizations by citizens who follow democratic laws. These laws correspond to the extended Pareto principle, a supreme, socioethical democratic rule. According to this principle, progress is any increase in the individual and collective welfare which is achieved during any evolutionary progress. Central to evolutionary modeling is the criterion of the empirical realization of computed solutions. Applied to serial conflict solutions (decisions), evolutionary trajectories are formed; they become the most influential causal attractors of the channeling of societal evolution. Democratic constitutions, legal systems etc., store all advantageous, present and past, adaptive, competitive, cooperative and collective solutions and their rules; they have been accepted by majority votes. Societal laws are codes of statutes (default or statistical rules), and they serve to optimally solve societal conflicts, in analogy to game theoretical models or to statistical decision theory. Such solutions become necessary when we face harmful or advantageous random events always lurking at the edge of societal and external chaos. The evolutionary theory of societal evolution in democracies presents a new type of stochastic theory; it is based on default rules and stresses realization. The rules represent the change of our democracies into information, science and technology-based societies; they will revolutionize social sciences, especially economics. Their methods have already found their way int ...
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  • 32
    ISBN: 9789401006026
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (282p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 221
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 221
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Evolutionary biology. ; Evolution (Biology) ; History ; Social sciences
    Abstract: This book provides both for academic historians and the general reader a broad perspective on Darwin's impact in the Spanish- and Portuguese-speaking worlds. In Latin American countries with black and Amerindian populations, evolutionary theory was quickly mobilized for theorizing racial differences, while in Spain attention was focused on class differentiation, explained by a series of Darwinian, Social Darwinist, and Eugenic hypotheses. The wide variety of approaches to evolutionary and social theory in countries whose culture was very similar points illuminates those issues thought to be of particular significance for national identity, whether political, ethnic, or racial
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401597173
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 341 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: European Studies of Population 10
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Population ; Demography ; Population—Economic aspects.
    Abstract: The first aim of Transitions to Adulthood in Europe is to describe the similarities and differences in the timing and kind of transition among the post-war cohorts in Austria, Britain, Flanders (Belgium), France, Germany, Italy, The Netherlands, Norway, Poland, and Spain. A comparative description allows consideration of whether trends across Europe are converging or whether inter-country differences persist. A second aim of this volume is to bring together the results of individual-level studies from these ten European countries, analysing the impact of selected determinants on the transition to adulthood. The focus in particular is on those factors that gave rise to the Second Demographic Transition. Almost all studies make use of the Fertility and Family Survey data, a survey co-ordinated in the 1990s by the Population Activities Unit of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations. Comparing the results of these country-specific analyses sheds an intriguing light on the various ways in which these determinants operate in different economic and cultural contexts
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9789401734134
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (III, 175 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Criminology ; Political science.
    Abstract: The Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI), which perpetrated the "biggest bank fraud in history", was founded by Agha Hassan Abedi and initially registered in Luxembourg in 1972. Its other center of operations was the Cayman Islands and eventually it operated in 73 counries. In the summer of 1991, it was shuttered by the Bank of England. Its many crimes included illegally buying American banks using "straw men" and courting powerful American politicos, laundering drug profits, plundering deposits to conceal grotesque losses on treasury trading, and making illicit loans totaling around a billion dollars that were not expected to be serviced. BCCI also ran accounts for both international terrorists and several national Intelligence Services. What follows in this book are essays dealing with certain aspects of BCCI's misbehaviour and various odd structures, as well as a most important document from Luxembourg's Civil Court, detailing charges against BCCI's auditor, Price Waterhouse subsequently PricewaterhouseCoopers. Readership: advanced students, researchers, attorneys and accountants interested in transnational financial crime
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401598378
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 458 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Social Indicators Research Series 8
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Quality of Life ; Quality of Life Research ; Ethics ; Marketing ; Sociology.
    Abstract: This handbook provides students of quality-of-life (QOL) research with an understanding of how QOL research can be conducted from an ethical marketing perspective - a perspective based on positive social change. The handbook covers theoretical, philosophical, and measurement issues in QOL research. The handbook also approaches selected QOL studies in relation to various populations in various life domains. The marketing approach is highly pragmatic because it allows social and behavioral scientists from any discipline to apply marketing concepts to plan social change and assess the impact of intervention strategies on the QOL of targeted populations
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  • 36
    ISBN: 9789401705677
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 193 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Public Policy and Public Administration 6
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Industrial management ; Social sciences ; Economic policy ; Political science. ; Management.
    Abstract: How can we approach the Commission's role as co-manager of policy implementation? Why should we expect the Commission to be pulled into domestic policy execution and to accumulate something like an implementation management capacity? How should we conceptualise the Commission's linkage with post-decision management issues? Finally, how does the Commission's involvement in the application of EU policies, if any, significantly change everything? Such questions are answered in this study, which is concerned with what may be called the implementation management capacity of the European Commission. Simply put, this is the role the Commission plays in the implementation of large-scale European spending programmes. While it is true that the Commission's predominant prerogatives are to draft legislation and facilitate bargaining, it also has a role in post-decision policy management. This role is of increasing importance for the emerging governance of the European Union. Readership: social scientists, journalists and all those interested in the role of the European Commission in shaping EU policies
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401735056
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 284 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Criminology ; Political science.
    Abstract: This annual report of The World Geopolitics of Drugs (1998/1999) is even more indispensable than earlier ones for the simple and regrettable reason that it is the last report. Everyone who studies the international traffic in narcotics, or writes about it, or is merely concerned with it as a responsible citizen, is forever in the debt of Alain Labrousse and his coworkers at the OGD in Paris, and his rapporteurs around the globe. This report, just like all the previous ones, is encyclopedic, there is nothing that is not taken into account. Those who read it will immediately understand its extraordinary value
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  • 38
    ISBN: 9789401722292
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIV, 159 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Social Indicators Research Series 7
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Consciousness ; Quality of Life ; Social work ; Social psychology. ; Public international law. ; Quality of Life Research ; Sociology. ; Personality. ; Social service. ; Difference (Psychology). ; International law.
    Abstract: This book is an outcome of a very innovative and unique endeavor: that of the international project "Measuring and Monitoring Children's Well-Being", which involved some 80 experts from 27 countries working together for four years to redefine the concept of children's well-being and to suggest new indicators - beyond survival and basic needs - to measure and monitor the status of children. The reader will find a sound rationale for conducting such studies and for a consistent and thorough attempt to study and monitor children's well-being. Furthermore, the book presents the most extensive analysis to date of the current field of child well-being indicators and the various projects and studies that are currently under way. A newly defined context for children's well-being is presented, as well as a set of five "new" domains and some 49 indicators that are recommended for measuring and monitoring children's well-being. Finally, the book discusses how such indicators could be used in the communities where children are living and in the policy making process in order to promote children's well-being. Readership: Sociologists, anthropologists, social psychologists, social workers, social paedagogues, social paediatricians and other child-related professionals
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  • 39
    ISBN: 9789401141628
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 277 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The GeoJournal Library 55
    Series Statement: GeoJournal Library 55
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Endogenous growth (Economics) ; Geography ; Social sciences ; Political science. ; Economic growth. ; Sociology.
    Abstract: This book provides an authoritative assessment of the `transitions' or `transformations' currently under way in Central and Eastern Europe. In order to explore this abundant set of diverse and complex processes, it has adopted a particular perspective, which consists of examining the historical specificity of these processes - particularly the simultaneity of political and economic transitions - and, at the same time, how the social sciences have approached and interpreted them and how, in return, they have undergone the impact of these processes. The book offers, on the one hand a number of new substantial insights into these transformations, in particular on the questions of what `democratic consolidations' actually consist of, as well as the political economy, in a strict sense, of these transitions, focusing on the precise characterization of the market economies which have emerged from these processes. On the other hand, it also constitutes an in-depth critical appraisal, unequalled so far, of the methodological principles, models of explanation, and fallacies, of the main approaches or paradigms competing within this research field, especially the `strategic' approach of the classical transitology, and the path dependence approach, with its more avant-garde flavor. Thus, the analyses and discussions presented in this collection of essays exceed widely the empirical fields of East European transformations, and of transitology on the whole; as a result this innovating book should usefully contribute to destabilizing routine ways of thinking of social scientists and students far beyond the communities of specialists in these questions. Audience: This book will be of interest to academics, researchers, and students in the field of political science, sociology, economics, history, political geography, international affairs, and European and Eastern European studies. In addition specialists, professionals and civil servants of international organizations and public administrators interested in aspects of the economic development, economic aid, and enlargement of the European Union may find this volume invaluable
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  • 40
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401729406
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Argumentation Library 3
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Artificial intelligence ; Social sciences ; Law of the sea. ; International law. ; Aeronautics—Law and legislation.
    Abstract: Scare Tactics, the first book on the subject, provides a theory of the structure of reasoning used in fear and threat appeal argumentation. Such arguments come under the heading of the argumentum ad baculum, the `argument to the stick/club', traditionally treated as a fallacy in the logic textbooks. The new dialectical theory is based on case studies of many interesting examples of the use of these arguments in advertising, public relations, politics, international negotiations, and everyday argumentation on all kinds of subjects. Many of these arguments are amusing, once you see the clever tactic used; others are scary. Some of the arguments appear to be quite reasonable, while others are highly suspicious, or even outrageously fraudulent. In addition to the examples taken from logic textbooks, other cases treated come from a variety of sources, including political debates, legal arguments, and arguments from media sources, like magazine articles and television ads. The purpose of this book is to explain how such arguments work as devices of persuasion, and to develop a method for analyzing and evaluating their reasonable and fallacious uses in particular cases. The book shows how such arguments share a common structure, revealing several distinctive forms of argument nested within each other. Based on its account of this cognitive structure, the new dialectical theory presents methods for identifying, analyzing, and evaluating these arguments, as they are used in specific cases. The book is a scholarly contribution to argumentation theory. It is written in an accessible style, and uses many colorful and provocative examples of fear and threat appeal arguments that are suitable for classroom discussions. The matters treated will be of interest to professionals and students in law, critical thinking, advertising, speech communication, informal logic, cognitive science, rhetoric, and media studies
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401142854
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 292 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Public Policy and Public Administration 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Economic policy ; Political science. ; Sociology.
    Abstract: This work analyzes the implementation of controversial public policy. A single, overarching model provides the framework for testing competing theories, ranging from Max Weber's bureaucracy theory and Woodrow Wilson's theory of administration to more recent ideas on how the legislature controls the bureaucracy. The model combines ideas about policy implementation drawn from different disciplines: political science, public administration, sociology and economics. The author uses a novel empirical test design to measure agency performance and deviations from political decisions taken in three Dutch local authorities. In contrast to more conventional implementation studies, this work adopts a `few variables, many cases' approach. The model and empirical tests, which are fully clarified in the book, together offer a novel framework for the analysis of complex implementation processes. A previous version of the book (written in Dutch) was awarded the prestigious Van Poelje prize of the Dutch Association for Public Administration and the 1996 annual award of the Dutch Political Science Association
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401009638
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 257 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Public Policy and Public Administration 5
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Ontology ; Economic policy ; Political science.
    Abstract: Research on government institutions is one of the most exciting intellectual areas in political science and policy studies today. Increasingly it is recognized by scholars in these fields that effective and legitimate policies depend on the design and maintenance of complex institutional arrangements. This book brings together some of the leading scholars in institutional research in The Netherlands. Their work addresses such perennially difficult questions in institutional research such as: How do we understand institutional change? How do we measure the effects of institutions on societal sectors and public policy? How do the normative foundations of government institutions influence their functioning? What are the principles of effective and legitimate institutional design? Through analysis of well-researched examples ranging from the fabled Dutch `poldermodel', through the transformation of the welfare state, through privatizations of the Dutch telecommunications industry, to the work of welfare officials, these authors demonstrate the interpenetration of normative, empirical and design issues in institutional theory. The book is intended for scholars and graduate students in political science, public policy, public administration, and law
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401140287
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 187 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Social Indicators Research Series 5
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Endogenous growth (Economics) ; Quality of Life ; Social work ; Economic growth. ; Quality of Life Research ; Social sciences ; Political science. ; Sociology. ; Social service. ; Economic development.
    Abstract: Most Asian countries have shown a strong commitment to rapid economic development. Economists have argued that the fruits from economic development will be spread equitably throughout the population. In the absence of a strong tradition of social rights, social development in Asia has long been taken for granted. This collection documents social development in the Asian countries of China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, South Korea, Thailand and India and concludes that social development has lagged behind economic development. This has given rise to `distorted development' in many countries. Serious development problems of poverty and inequalities have lingered even in these economically advanced countries of Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Singapore. These problems have been exacerbated in the wake of the Asian economic crisis. In order to harmonize social development with economic growth, Asian states ought to be more proactive in their development agendas. As a text on social development in Asia, this book is primarily intended for practitioners and students of social work, social administration, and social policy. It is also relevant for students and practitioners of sociology, economics, and public policy
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9789401595124
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 141 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: European Studies of Population 8
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Population ; Demography ; Population—Economic aspects.
    Abstract: The aim of Diversity in Family Formation is to examine changes in the start of the family formation process. Rather than giving a rough overview of demographic changes in many countries, a comparison of differences in changes in family formation and fertility behaviour between Belgium and The Netherlands is interesting for various reasons. First, even though the economic and cultural differences between these countries are relatively small there is one important difference: Belgium is predominantly Catholic, whereas The Netherlands has about equal proportions of Catholics and Protestants. Second, if the Second Demographic Transition implies that there is one common pattern of change in different European countries and that differences across countries are due to the fact that countries are in a different stage of the transition process, and if it is assumed that the transition process started earlier in Protestant countries than in Catholic countries, one would expect The Netherlands to be in a further stage of the transition process than Belgium. Thus an in-depth comparison of changes in family formation and fertility behaviour between both countries may give us more insight in the question of whether there is one common transition process. The comparison of fertility and family survey-data in both countries brings us to the core question of whether there is one common explanation for differences between countries in various types of fertility and family behaviour under consideration, namely fertility regulation, the choice of living arrangement after leaving the parental home, and the labour force participation of mothers
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401718509
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 224 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Argumentation Library 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Social sciences
    Abstract: This book is distinguished from others on the market by its determination to base what it has to say on samples of actual argument. Outstanding features of the book include: criticism of logical theory for encouraging faulty and misleading readings of an argument; an approach to the informal fallacies and the enthymeme that is based on the recognition of the limitations of the requirement that an argument be reconstructed as a sequence of premises and conclusion; a treatment of certain paradoxes and of the Geltier problem that argues that there is something to resolve only because of the unwarranted assumption that formal logic is taken to have applications to fields other than itself; an emphasis on developing an alternative conflict resolution conception of argumentation. Many of the essays in this book are written in response to what other scholars in the field have said. However, the book addresses anyone who wonders, as the author does, about what can be achieved by argumentation and why it can be achieved
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  • 46
    ISBN: 9789401142779
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 326 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Social Indicators Research Series 3
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Quality of Life ; Japanese language ; Economic policy. ; Social sciences Methodology ; Quality of Life Research ; Economics ; Management science. ; Business. ; Sociology—Methodology. ; Asia—Languages.
    Abstract: As Japan comes to grips with a decade of economic malaise after its spectacular post-war growth record, how will Japanese society react? Contributors to this volume examine the challenges ahead for Japan in the fields of politics, economics, sociology, environment and business. This multidisciplinary inquiry looks for areas of continuity and for new directions in government, business and social policy and practice. Also examined is how Western students should approach the study of Japan; what new directions should institutions take to ensure that students learn about the `real' Japan? Written by Canadian academics, the articles in this volume will be of interest to academics and policy-makers studying or teaching about contemporary Japan
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401142915
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 267 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Social Indicators Research Series 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Industrial management ; Quality of Life ; Quality of Life Research ; Marketing ; Political science. ; Sociology. ; Management.
    Abstract: This volume is concerned with quality of life, and focuses on subjective well-being (people's own evaluations of their lives in terms of happiness and satisfaction). The first section focuses on theories of subjective well-being, and on testing these theories. The second section of the volume concentrates on how work, unemployment, and income influence subjective well-being. The third section of the book concerns two important institutions that have an impact on people's well-being - the health care and political systems. Authors from diverse disciplines present their views and research concerning quality of life, and focus on subjective well-being (people's happiness and satisfaction). The chapters cover topics ranging from theories of happiness, and data bearing on these theories, to the organization of the political system. Income, work, health care, and leisure are considered as they influence well-being. The effects of temperament, people's values and goals, and life events are also treated. There is an international flavor to the volume, with authors from several nations and data gathered from diverse societies. The findings of the volume are relevant to academic researchers as well as to those working in applied areas who want to improve quality of life
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  • 48
    ISBN: 9789401712354
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 347 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The GeoJournal Library 52
    Series Statement: GeoJournal Library 52
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Geography ; Endogenous growth (Economics) ; Population ; Economic growth. ; Regional economics ; Human Geography ; Economic geography. ; Spatial economics. ; Economic development. ; Population—Economic aspects.
    Abstract: This book examines the impact of globalization on frontier cities, and how various frontier cities in different regions have responded to these forces. The volume includes a number of theoretical chapters exploring various aspects of global change, including the economic, spatial and geopolitical dimensions. A longer section includes a number of case studies of frontier cities that have adapted to these changes. A number of countries as well as city types, from small towns to frontier metropolises, are examined, providing a broad overview of developmental alternatives. Emphasis is placed on the importance of initiatives from below, that is, efforts that do not depend on the planning and budgetary resources of national governments, since these are generally no longer forthcoming in an era of government down-sizing. Audience: The book will appeal to students in planning, geography, economics and regional studies, as well as to local officials who are concerned with urban development strategies, and their prospects in the new millennium
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  • 49
    ISBN: 9789401595742
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 161 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Public Policy and Public Administration 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Endogenous growth (Economics) ; Industrial management ; Economic growth. ; Management. ; Political science. ; International education . ; Comparative education. ; Economic development. ; Technological innovations.
    Abstract: This book is a cross-national comparative study of university-industry R&D collaborations in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan. It examines a phenomenon of increasing importance in advanced industrial societies - the partnership of higher educational institutions with industry to commercialize the results of scientific and technological research. The volume provides extensive detail about the historical traditions that have shaped the attitudes and public policy towards technology transfer within each of these nations. Current statistical data is provided to illustrate the extent of university-industry R&D collaborations in each nation. The particular problems faced by each nation in their efforts to increase the levels of transfer are discussed. The volume highlights the process of how each nation adopts the successful policies of the other nations. Readers interested in science and technology policies, research and development policies, or the impact of technology transfer policies on universities, will find much of value in this volume
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  • 50
    ISBN: 9789401594868
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 379 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Public Policy and Public Administration 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Information Systems ; Industrial management ; Management information systems. ; Computer science. ; Economic policy ; Political science. ; Public administration. ; Management. ; Electronic data processing—Management.
    Abstract: Tremendous changes are affecting the institutions of government in many Western European countries. Globalisation, European integration, economic, technological, and societal developments have a major influence on public policies and governmental performance. These developments have furthered a framework in which governmental and non-governmental actors are linked by both reciprocal connections and more complex network relationships. This volume attempts to identify and analyse the effects, the change, and the formation of government institutions in relation to the above-mentioned developments. More specifically the following topics are discussed: the European Union as a system of multi-level governance, national government institutions and policies, change of government institutions and changing state-society relations, new public management reforms, ICT and changing organizational boundaries, political institutions and policy-oriented learning, management of public-private partnerships, interactive policy making, and structural legal institutions. This volume will be of particular interest to administrators, researchers, policy makers, and students in the field of public administration and public policy
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  • 51
    ISBN: 9789401725477
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 580 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Constitutional law ; History ; Political science.
    Abstract: This Handbook of Democratic Government is the first compact and comprehensive data collection which simultaneously provides comparative and complete information on the composition of governments between 1945 and 1998 in 48 countries across the democratic world. Parties, ministries, competences, ministers and parliamentary support are listed, as well as duration, type of government and reasons for termination. This information is provided for 48 parliamentary democracies, covering the whole period 1945-1998. Also included is additional comparative information on institutions and governance, based on the countries' constitutions and related basic laws. The data are organised in such a manner that every researcher can use them as a basic data set, ready to be transformed according to the particular needs dictated by the research undertaken. Various levels of analysis are possible, both cross-nationally and across time, ranging from individual ministers and separate ministries to specific parties, governments or countries. This data collection will save researchers in the field of comparative politics valuable time and resources as it can be utilised in connection with, or in addition to, other data sources
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  • 52
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401594929
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXVI, 340 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Social Indicators Research Series 6
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Industrial management ; Quality of Life ; Quality of Life Research ; Sociology. ; Management. ; Personnel management.
    Abstract: This book places current and future work team practices in historical context. Researchers from 10 countries have contributed chapters that represent developments specific to their regions and that illustrate the way ideas spread around the world. Some principles of effective teaming were independently discovered in different countries, and some principles emerged from the work of researchers like Trist, Emery, and Lewin and spread around the world. But all of the practices were driven by the dynamic tension between the psychology of the employee and business necessities. Theories and cases describe autonomous work groups, self-managed work teams, cell teams, and other collaborative work structures. Contributions to the design of such structures came from psychology, management, sociology, industrial engineering, and manufacturing. Because of the challenges inherent in reorganising work around teams instead of individuals, organizations are at different stages in evolving into 21st century work systems
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  • 53
    Online Resource
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401715522
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (284 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The GeoJournal Library 54
    Series Statement: GeoJournal Library 54
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences Methodology ; Social sciences ; Instruction. ; Learning. ; Teaching. ; Human Geography ; Learning, Psychology of. ; Sociology—Methodology. ; Teachers—Training of.
    Abstract: Geographers regard fieldwork as a vital instrument for understanding our world through direct experience, for gathering basic data about this world, and as a fundamental method for enacting geographical education. The range of international geography and educational experts who contributed to this volume has demonstrated that the concept of fieldwork has a considerable history in the field of geography. They have demonstrated that the theoretical aspects of fieldwork have been interpreted differently in regions around the world, but the importance of fieldwork remains strong globally. A fresh look at the pedagogic implications for fieldwork in formal education offers ideas both for promoting it in geographical education and for maintaining its place in the geography curriculum. Audience: Forward-looking geographers and educators now recognise that alternative strategies, especially those involving the use of information technology, should be developed to reaffirm the centrality of fieldwork in geographical and wider education
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  • 54
    ISBN: 9789400910539
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (472p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Behavioral Science
    Series Statement: NATO ASI Series, D: Behavioural and Social Sciences 53
    Series Statement: Nato Science Series D:, Behavioural and Social Sciences 53
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Economic policy ; Family. ; Criminology. ; Social groups.
    Abstract: I Introduction: Research On Organization and Accountability For State Intervention -- 1. Independent Representation of Children in Protection Proceedings -- 2. Adolescent Childbearing and Prevention Strategies: Battleground for Testing the Limits of Government Intervention -- 3. The American Indian Child Welfare Act: Achievements and Recommendations -- 4. Policy Development as a Hegemonic Strategy: Example of the Child and Family Services Act in Ontario -- 5. Decentralizing Child Welfare Services: An Assessment of Service Impact, Costs and the Morale of Staff -- 6. Managing the Family Contacts of Children Absent in Care, Professional and Legislative Issues: The Experience of England and Wales -- 7. Efficiency in Foster Family Care: Proceeding with Caution -- 8. The State as Parent: Assessing Outcomes in Child Care -- 9. Child Care Placement Outcomes -- II Introduction: Research On Young Persons In Conflict With The Law -- 10. Social Change, Legal Transformation, and state Intervention: Youth Justice in the Arab Republic of Egypt -- 11. The Scottish Children’s Hearing System: Community or State Control? -- 12. Custodial Control or Community Alternative?: An Examination of the Impact of the 1982 Criminal Justice Act in One Local Authority -- 13. Evaluating Conflicts Between Intention and Outcome Within Changing Canadian Juvenile Justice Policy: Just Listen to What the Data Says! -- 14. Tackling the Conflict: A Framework Analysis of Dispute Settlement -- 15.Closed Units in Institutions for Children -- 16.Law Policies and Implications for the Youth Welfare System: The Hamburg Example -- 17. Hind the Gap: The Creation of the Non-Divertible -- 18. Deviant Interventions or Deviant Youth? -- III Introduction: Research On Child Abuse -- 19. Child Abuse, Social Theory, and Everyday State Practices -- 20. Intrafamilial Child Sexual Abuse: State Intervention in Canada -- 21. Sexual Abuse Prevention Training: Issues of State Intervention -- 22. False Allegations of Child Sexual Abuse: Implications for Policy and Practice -- 23. The Use of Criminal Sanctions in Child Abuse and Neglect -- IV Introduction: Research On Children In Care -- 24. Evaluation of Foster-Family-Based Treatment in Comparison with Other Programs: A Preliminary Analysis -- 25. Foster Care Breakdown: A Study of a Special Teenager Fostering Scheme -- 26. Intensive Home-Based Family Treatment: Client Outcomes and Issues for Program Design -- 27. A Belgian Approach to Work Rehabilitation -- 28. Research on Trends in Intervention on Behalf of Children and Youth in Aarhus, Denmark -- 29. In Care, In Contact? -- 30. The Effectiveness of Permanent Substitute Family Placement for Older Children in Care -- 31. An Examination of Long Term Foster Family Care for Children and Youth -- 32. Patterns of Care: The First Twelve Months -- 33. Effectiveness Analysis of Residential Child Care Services in Belgium -- 34. Integrating Professional and Community Resources for Young Persons -- 35. The Transition From Long Term Care to Adoption -- Authors -- Name Index.
    Abstract: The thirty-five chapters in this book are edited versions of papers presented at the Advanced Research Workshop, State Intervention on Behalf of Children and Youth, which took place in Maratea, Italy, February 20-24, 1989. The Workshop was attended by leading child welfare researchers from most of the Western countries. Represented were scholars and practitioners from disciplines as diverse as law, social work, neurology, economics, political science, education, psychology, and psychiatry. This variety of disciplines considerably enriched the discussions at the Workshop and is reflected in a set of interesting and, we believe, potentially useful research papers. This book is divided into four sections, each dealing with dominant themes of state intervention. The first section deals with research on organizing for state intervention and related ways of providing accountability. The second section deals with research on young persons in conflict with the law, the third with research on child abuse and the final section with research on children in care. Many of the matters addressed in these papers relate to more than one of the topical theme headings and, therefore, might well have been located in different sections of the volume. Each section is introduced by an introductory statement that provides an overview of the papers and issues addressed, and suggests an agenda of research work to be undertaken. These introductions are based largely on workshop discussions and do not necessarily represent the views of their identified authors.
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  • 55
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400910096
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (324p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, An International Series in the Philosophy and Methodology of the Social and Behavioral Sciences 49
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library 49
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Cartography ; Econometrics ; Regional economics ; Human Geography ; Geography. ; Spatial economics.
    Abstract: I/Dynamic Choice Models -- Dynamic Models of Choice Behaviour: some Fundamentals and Trends -- Is Spatial Behaviour Service-Sensitive? An Empirical Test -- Using Consumer Panels to Model Travel Choices -- Robustness in Modelling Dynamics of Choice -- Inference from Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Data for Dynamic Behavioural Processes -- An Assessment of Attrition in a Multi-Wave Panel of Households -- Spatial Interaction and Discrete Choice: Statics and Dynamics -- II/Dynamic Urban Models -- Spatial Dynamics and Urban Models -- Some Properties of Spatial-Structural-Economic-Dynamic Models -- Urban Structures, Dynamic Modelling and Clustering -- A Stochastic Model of Intraurban Supply and Demand Structures -- Spatial Systems Modelling: from Land Use Planning to a Geographical Theory Approach -- Measuring and Simulating the Structure and Form of Cartographic Lines -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: Thi s book ari ses from The Fourth European Coll oqui urn on Theoret i ca 1 and Quant itat i ve Geography wh i ch was he 1 din Ve 1 dhoven, The Netherlands in September 1985. It contains a series of papers on spatial choice dynamics and dynamical spatial systems which were presented at the colloquium, together with a few other soll icited ones. The book is intended primarily as a state-of-the art review of mainly European research on these two fastly growing problem areas. As a consequence of this decision, the book contains a selection of papers that differs in terms of focus, level of sophistication and conceptual background. Evidently, the dissimination of ideas and computer software is a time-related phenomenon, which in the European context is amplified by differences in language, the profile of geography and the formal training of geographers. The book reflects such differences. It would have been impossible to produce this book without the support of the various European study groups on theoretical and quantitative geography. Without their help the meetings from which this volumes originates would not have been held in the first place. We are also indebted to the Royal Dutch Academy of Science for partly funding the colloquium, and to SISWO and TNOjPSC for providing general support in the organisation of the conference.
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  • 56
    ISBN: 9789400923911
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (308p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The GeoJournal Library 12
    Series Statement: GeoJournal Library 12
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Environmental sciences ; Environmental economics ; Human Geography ; Environment.
    Abstract: Section I: Regional Studies -- 1. The recreational use and abuse of the coastline of Florida -- 2. Management strategies for coastal conservation in South Wales, U.K. -- 3. Recreational uses and problems of Port Phillip Bay, Australia -- 4. Recreation in the coastal areas of Singapore -- 5. The Azov Sea coast as a recreational area -- 6. The influence of ethnicity on recreational uses of coastal areas in Guyana -- 7. Recreational uses in the coastal zone of central Chile -- 8. Recreational uses of Québec coastlines -- Section II: Coastal Recreation in Adverse Environments -- 9. Recreational use of the Washington State coast -- 10. Pacific coast recreational patterns and activities in Canada -- 11. The recreational use of the Norwegian coast -- 12. Patterns and impacts of coastal recreation along the Gulf coast of Mexico -- 13. Wetlands recreation: Louisiana style -- 14. The natural features of the Caspian Sea western coasts in the context of their prospective recreational use -- Section III: Planning for Recreation -- 15. Construction of a recreational beach using the original coastal morphology, Koege Bay, Denmark -- 16. Tourist planning along the coast of Aquitaine, France -- 17. Sydney’s southern surfing beaches: characteristics and hazards -- 18. Twenty five years of development along the Israeli Mediterranen coast: goals and achievements -- 19. Differential response of six beaches at Point Pelee (Ontario) to variable levels of recreational use -- 20. Anthropogenic effects on recreational beaches -- 21. Formulating policies using visitor perceptions of Biscayne National Park and seashore -- Section IV: Miscellaneous -- 22. Marine recreation in North America -- 23. Beach resort morphology in England and Australia: a review and extension.
    Abstract: Human clustering in coastal areas The coastal zone has gained a solid reputation as a place vocated for recreational activities and this is generally related to the presence of the sea. The relationship, however, does not appear univocal or simple: the sea can be perceived as a hostile element by humans and the more general question of whether the presence of the shore is in itself a favourable, repulsive, or irrelevant factor to settlement is a debatable point, at least for pre-industrial societies. Back in the early part of the 19th century, Friedrich Hegel regarded oceans and rivers as unifying elements rather than dividing ones, thus implying a trend towards the concentration of human settlements along them. 'The sea', he wrote, 'stimulates 1 courage and conquest, as well as profit and plunder', although he realized that this did not equally apply to all maritime peoples. In Hegel's view, different approaches to the sea were mainly the results of cultural factors and, in fact, he recognized that some people living in coastal areas perceive the sea as a dangerous and alien place and the shore as aftnis terrae.
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  • 57
    ISBN: 9789400927131
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 393 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Culture, Illness, and Healing 12
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Anthropology
    Abstract: Medicines in Context: an Introduction -- The Transaction of Medicines -- Introductory Note -- Commercial Pharmaceutical Medicine and Medicalization: a Case Study from El Salvador -- Traditional Practitioners and Western Pharmaceuticals in Sri Lanka -- Medicines and Rural Health Services: an Experiment in the Dominican Republic -- Buying Drugs in Addis Ababa: a Quantitative Analysis -- ‘Casi como doctor’: Pharmacists and their Clients in a Mexican Urban Context -- The Articulation of Formal and Informal Medicine Distribution in South Cameroon -- The Rise of the Modern Jamu Industry in Indonesia: a Preliminary Overview -- The Meaning of Medicines -- Introductory Note -- Culture and Pharmaceutics: Some Epistemological Observations of Pharmacological Systems in Ancient Europe and Medieval China -- The Use of Herbal and Biomedical Pharmaceuticals on Mauritius -- The Power of Medicines in East Africa -- Traditional Medication at Pregnancy and Childbirth in Madura, Indonesia -- The Reinterpretation and Distribution of Western Pharmaceuticals: an Example from the Mende of Sierra Leone -- Cultural Meanings of Oral Rehydration Salts in Jamaica -- Penicillin: an Ancient Ayurvedic Medicine -- Cultural Constructions of Efficacy -- Conclusion -- Pharmaceutical Anthropology: Perspectives for Research and Application -- List of Contributors -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: Western pharmaceuticals are flooding the Third World. Injections, capsules and tablets are available in city markets and village shops, from 'traditional' practitioners and street vendors, as well as from more orthodox sources like hospitals. Although many are aware of this 'pharmaceutical invasion', little has been written about how local people perceive and use these products. This book is a first attempt to remedy that situation. It presents studies of the ways Western medicines are circulated and understood in the cities and rural areas of Africa, Asia and Latin America. We feel that such a collection is long overdue for two reasons. The first is a practical one: people dealing with health problems in developing countries need information about local situations and they need examples of methods they can use to examine the particular contexts in which they are working. We hope that this book will be useful for pharmacists, doctors, nurses, health planners, policy makers and concerned citizens, who are interested in the realities of drug use. Why do people want various kinds of medicine? How do they evaluate and choose them and how do they obtain them? The second reason for these studies of medicines is to fill a need in medical anthropology as a field of study. Here we address our colleagues in anthropol­ ogy, medical sociology and related disciplines.
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  • 58
    ISBN: 9789400927315
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (342p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Culture, Illness, and Healing 14
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Anthropology
    Abstract: 1. Patterns of Continuity and Change -- 2. Infection, Innovation and Residence: Illness and Misfortune in the Torricelli Foothills from 1800 -- 3. Western Medicine and the Continuity of Belief: the Maisin of Collingwood Bay, Oro Province -- 4. Doktas and Shamans among the Sambia of Papua New Guinea -- 5. Illness and Ideology: Aspects of Health Care on Goodenough Island -- 6. Health Care and Medical Pluralism: Cases from Mount Hagen -- 7. The Place of Western Medicine in Ponam Theories of Health and Illness -- 8. The Amele and Dr Braun: a History of Early Experience with Western Medicine in Papua New Guinea -- 9. Medical Pluralism among the Yangoru Boiken -- 10. The Doctor and the Curer: Medical Theory and Practice in Kove -- 11. Gender in the Diet and Health of the Wopkaimin -- 12. Complementarity in Medical Treatment in a West New Britain Society -- 13. Modernity and Medicine among the Maring -- List of Contributors -- References -- Index of Subjects.
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  • 59
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400927254
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (572p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Culture, Illness and Healing 13
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; medicine Philosophy ; Medical ethics ; Anthropology ; Medicine—Philosophy. ; Sociology. ; Bioethics.
    Abstract: I: The Social Sciences and Biomedicine -- Relationships between Society, Culture, and Biomedicine: Introduction to the Essays -- II: Mind, Body, Values, and Society -- Tenacious Assumptions in Western Medicine -- Mind and Body as Metaphors: Hidden Values in Biomedicine -- Psyche, Soma, and Society: The Social Construction of Psychosomatic Disorders -- III: Reproducing Medical Perception and Practice -- Medical Students and the Cadaver in Social and Cultural Context -- Patients, Physicians and Context: Medical Care in the Home -- Discourse, Descriptions and Diagnoses: Reproducing Normal Medicine -- IV: Medicine Evolving, Medicine Adapting -- Space and Time in British General Practice -- Thinking Prevention: Concepts and Constructs in General Practice -- Clinical Science and Clinical Expertise: Changing Boundaries Between Art and Science in Medicine -- V: Medical Construction of life Cycle Processes -- Babyhood: The Social Construction of Infant Care as a Medical Problem in England in the Years Around 1900 -- Menopause as Process or Event: The Creation of Definitions in Biomedicine -- On the Boundary of Life and Death: The Definition of Dying by Medical Residents -- VI: Biomedical Knowledge and Practice Across Cultures -- A Nation at Risk: Interpretations of School Refusal in Japan -- Medical Practice in Response to a Folk Illness: The Treatment of Nervios in Costa Rica -- VII: Constructing the “Ordinary” out of the “Extraordinary” -- Physicians and the Disclosure of Undesirable Information -- The Technological Imperative in Medical Practice: The Social Creation of a “Routine” Treatment -- The Social Construction of a Machine: Ritual, Superstition, Magical Thinking and Other Pragmatic Responses to Running a CT Scanner -- List of Contributors -- Author Index.
    Abstract: The culture of contemporary medicine is the object of investigation in this book; the meanings and values implicit in biomedical knowledge and practice and the social processes through which they are produced are examined through the use of specific case studies. The essays provide examples of how various facets of 20th century medicine, including edu­ cation, research, the creation of medical knowledge, the development and application of technology, and day to day medical practice, are per­ vaded by a value system characteristic of an industrial-capitalistic view of the world in which the idea that science represents an objective and value free body of knowledge is dominant. The authors of the essays are sociologists and anthropologists (in almost equal numbers); also included are papers by a social historian and by three physicians all of whom have steeped themselves in the social sci­ ences and humanities. This co-operative endeavor, which has necessi­ tated the breaking down of disciplinary barriers to some extent, is per­ haps indicative of a larger movement in the social sciences, one in which there is a searching for a middle ground between grand theory and attempts at universal explanations on the one hand, and the context-spe­ cific empiricism and relativistic accounts characteristic of many historical and anthropological analyses on the other.
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400939851
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, Series A: Philosophy and Methodology of the Social Sciences 3
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library A:, Rational Choice in Practical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science 3
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Social sciences Methodology ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Abstract: 1. Introduction -- 2. Preliminaries -- 3. Social Welfare Function, Social Choice Function and Voting Procedures -- 4. First Problem: Cyclic Majorities -- 4.1. The Condorcet paradox -- 4.2. How to conceal the problem: the amendment procedure -- 4.3. How common are the cycles -- 4.4. Solutions based on ordinal preferences -- 4.5. Solution based on scoring function: the Borda count -- 4.6. More general majority cycles -- 5. Second Problem: How to Satisfy the Condorcet Criteria -- 5.1. Condorcet criteria -- 5.2. Some complete successes -- 5.3. Some partial successes -- 5.4. Complete failures -- 5.5. Some probability considerations and the plausibility of the Condorcet criteria -- 5.6. The majority winning criterion -- 6. Third Problem: How the Avoid Perverse Response to Changes in Individual Opinions -- 6.1. Monotonicity and related concepts -- 6.2. Successes -- 6.3. Failures -- 6.4. The relevance of the monotonicity criteria -- 7. Fourth Problem: How to Honour Unanimous Preferences -- 7.1. Unanimity and Pareto conditions -- 7.2. Successes -- 7.3. A partial failure and a total failure -- 7.4 Relevance and compatibility with other criteria -- 8. Fifth Problem: How to Make Consistent Choices -- 8.1. Choice set invariance criteria -- 8.2. Performances with respect to consistency -- 8.3. Performances with respect to WARP and PI -- 8.4. The relevance of the criteria -- 9. Sixth Problem: How to Encourage the Sincere Revelation of Preferences -- 9.1. Manipulability -- 9.2. Performance with respect to manipulability -- 9.3. The difficulty of manipulation -- 9.4. Agenda-manipulability -- 9.5. Sincere truncation of preferences -- 10. Social Choice Methods Based on More detailed information about Individual Preferences -- 10.1. The von Neumann-Morgenstern utility and classes of interpersonal comparability -- 10.2. Old and new methods -- 10.3. An assessment -- 11. Asking for Less Than Individual Preference Orderings -- 11.1. Constructing a social preference order for a subset of alternatives -- 11.2. Results based on individual choice functions -- 12. Why Is There So Much Stability and How Can We Get More of It? -- 12.1. Explanations of stability -- 12.2. Improving the performance of the voting procedures -- 13. From Committees to Elections -- 13.1. Proportional and majoritarian systems -- 13.2. Criteria for proportional systems -- 13.3. Voting power -- 14. Conclusions -- Name Index.
    Abstract: In many contexts of everyday life we find ourselves faced with the problem of reconciling the views of several persons. These problems are usually solved by resorting to some opinion aggre­ gating procedure, like voting. Very often the problem is thought of as being solved after the decision to take a vote has been made and the ballots have been counted. Most official decision making bodies have formally instituted procedures of voting but in informal groups such procedures are typically chosen in casu. Curiously enough people do not seem to pay much attention to which particular procedure is being resorted to as long as some kind of voting takes place. As we shall see shortly the procedure being used often makes a great difference to the voting outcomes. Thus, the Question arises as to which voting procedure is best. This book is devoted to a discussion of this problem in the light of various criteria of optimality. We shall deal with a number of procedures that have been proposed for use or are actually in use in voting contexts. The aim of this book is to give an evaluation of the virtues and shortcomings of these procedures. On the basis of this evaluation the reader will hopefully be able to determine which procedure is optimal for the decision setting that he or she has in mind.
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  • 61
    ISBN: 9789400937116
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (232p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Culture, Illness, and Healing 8
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Anthropology ; Public health.
    Abstract: The Life History Approach to Mental Retardation -- Sarah: The Life Course of a Down’s Syndrome Child -- Life History in Progress: A Retarded Daughter Educates Her Mother -- You Are What You Drink: Evidence of Socialized Incompetence in the Life of a Mildly Retarded Adult -- It Wasn’t Fair: Six Years in the Life of Larry B -- Living in the Real World: Process and Change in the Life of a Retarded Man -- A Case of Delabeling: Some Practical and Theoretical Implications -- Social Support and Individual Adaptation: A Diachronic Perspective -- Theodore V. Barrett: An Account of Adaptive Competence -- Conclusions: Themes in an Anthropology of Mild Mental Retardation -- List of Contributors.
    Abstract: Mental retardation in the United States is currently defined as " ... signif­ icantly subaverage general intellectual functioning existing concurrently with deficits in adaptive behavior, and manifested during the development period" (Grossman, 1977). Of the estimated six million plus mentally retarded individuals in this country fully 75 to 85% are considered to be "func­ tionally" retarded (Edgerton, 1984). That is, they are mildly retarded persons with no evident organic etiology or demonstrable brain pathology. Despite the relatively recent addition of adaptive behavior as a factor in the definition of retardation, 1.0. still remains as the essential diagnostic criterion (Edgerton, 1984: 26). An 1.0. below 70 indicates subaverage functioning. However, even such an "objective" measure as 1.0. is prob­ lematic since a variety of data indicate quite clearly that cultural and social factors are at play in decisions about who is to be considered "retarded" (Edgerton, 1968; Kamin, 1974; Langness, 1982). Thus, it has been known for quite some time that there is a close relationship between socio-economic status and the prevalence of mild mental retardation: higher socio-economic groups have fewer mildly retarded persons than lower groups (Hurley, 1969). Similarly, it is clear that ethnic minorities in the United States - Blacks, Mexican-Americans, American Indians, Puerto Ricans, Hawaiians, and others - are disproportionately represented in the retarded population (Mercer, 1968; Ramey et ai., 1978).
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400937598
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (336p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Monographs 6
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences - Monographs, Continued As Sociology of the Sciences Library 6
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Sociology. ; Linguistics. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I: Schools of Thought: Some Theoretical Observations -- Toward a Definition of Schools of Thought -- The Cognitive Divergence of Schools of Thought -- The Implications of the System of Cognitive Divergence -- Social Divergence -- Schools vs. Disciplines: Autonomy and Institutionalization -- Schools and the Legitimation of Scientific Results -- Schools in Academic Science -- The Dual Legitimation System -- Cognitive Consequences of the Dual Legitimation System -- Opportunities for Divergence: Center and Periphery -- Opportunities for Divergence: The Leader’s Status -- Schools of Thought in Linguistics -- II: The Idea System of the Early Comparative Grammarians -- Early Comparative Grammarians: Philosophical and Theoretical Beliefs -- The Schleicherian Synthesis: To Save the Phenomena -- Linguistic Methodology Before 1870 -- III: Linguistics at the German University -- The Idea of Higher Education and the Growth of Linguistics -- The Organization of Teaching and Research -- Linguistics and Philology: Modes of Institutionalization -- IV: The Neogrammarian Doctrine -- The Neogrammarian Inheritance: Linguistic Methodology -- A Method in Search of a Theory -- V: The Neogrammarian Revolution From Above -- The Problem -- A School of Thought as a Bid for Scientific Authority -- The Institutional Setting -- The Neogrammarian “Revolution from Above” -- Cognitive Repercussions of Institutional Changes -- VI: The Idealist Reaction -- Causality and Explanation in Linguistics: the Denial of Science -- Language as Art and the Idea of Linguistic Study -- The Denial of Linguistics: Neo-Idealists and the Crisis of Learning -- VII: Saussure’s Revolution From Within -- The Road to Synchrony: Overdetermination and Its Obstacles -- The Construction of a Linguistic Fact -- Structuralism: Language as an Autonomous Object -- VIII: Schools on the Periphery -- Saussure as a Marginal Man? -- Linguistics on the Periphery -- IX: Conclusions -- Notes and References.
    Abstract: This book is based on the assumption that the development of science has to be understood both as a social and as an intellectual process. The division between internal and external history, between history of ideas and sociology of science, has been harmful not only to our understanding of scientific rationality but also to our understanding of the social processes of scientific development. Just as philosophy of science must be informed by its history, so also must sociology of science be both historically and philosophically informed. Proceeding on this assumption, I examine in detail the contents of linguistic ideas and the changes they underwent, as well as the institutional processes of disciplinary development and school formation. The development of linguistics in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries has provided me with a convenient locus for a study of the processes of cognitive change and continuity in the context of modern academically institutionalized science. This book examines first the idea system and the institutionalization of historical and comparative linguistics in the first half of the nineteenth century, and then focusses on the for­ mation and development of three schools of thought: the Neogrammarians, the Neo-Idealists, and the Geneva School of Ferdinand de Saussure.
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  • 63
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400938953
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 325 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, An International Series in the Philosophy and Methodology of the Social and Behavioral Sciences 50
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library 50
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Social sciences Methodology ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Abstract: I / Philosophy and Logic -- On Some Limits and Resources of Common-Sense Psychology -- Probability and Proportions -- Why Substitutional Quantification Does Not Express Existence -- II / Methodology of Social Sciences -- Ideology and Science -- Some Imperfections in the Scientific Communication System and a Possible Remedy -- Value-Free vs. Value-Conscious Social Sciences -- III / Economics and Social Issues -- Public Bads and Socio-Moral Reasoning: The Case of the New Social Movements in Germany -- The Impact of Computers on Job Opportunities: An Analysis of Employment Trends, 1972–1982 -- Insurance without Utility Theory -- IV / Game and Decision Theory -- Three Theorems on the Theory of Cardinal Utility and Random Choice -- Chairman Paradoxes under Approval Voting -- Some Recent Developments in Game Theory -- Foundations of Preference -- What Does Arrow’s Impossibility Theorem Tell Us? -- Choice Processes, Computability and Complexity: Computable Choice Functions -- Curriculum Vitae Werner Leinfellner -- Werner Leinfellner:Selected Bibliograph -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: This collection of articles contains contributions from a few of Werner Leinfellner's many friends and colleagues. Some of them are former students of Werner's. Others were colleagues of his at various American and European universities. Further, some have come to know Werner through his research, his long-standing editorship of Theory and Deci­ sion and his extensive participation in international conferences and congresses. The following articles are new to this volume. The areas covered are those in which Werner continues to play an active professional role. We offer them as a tribute to the many and multi-faceted contributions to the scientific enterprise for which Werner Leinfellner is so widely known. We believe such a festschrift to be fitting and long overdue. Because of the breadth of Werner's professional associations, it was difficult to select representatives from among his many spheres of influence. We apologize to the many scholars who could not be in­ cluded because of time and space considerations. Finally, we wish to express appreciation to Dean John Guilds of the University of Arkansas for providing financial support early on in the evolution of this project, to Jennifer Bauman for her bravura performance in copy-editing the manuscripts, and to our publisher at Reidel for bringing this volume to press.
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  • 64
    ISBN: 9789401568760
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 269 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Culture, Illness and Healing 10
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Public health ; Anthropology
    Abstract: I. Introduction -- II. History and Social Structure of North Yemen -- III. A Short History of Qat and Its Use -- IV. A Social Institution -- V. The Qat Experience -- VI. The Agriculture and Economics of Qat -- VII. The Botany, Chemistry and Pharmacology of Qat -- VIII. Qat and the Question of Addiction -- IX. Qat and Health -- X. Conclusion -- Name Index.
    Abstract: This book concerns the use of the drug qat in North Yemen (Yemen Arab Republic), a country lying on the southwestern corner of the Arabian Peninsula. However, because this substance is so interwoven into the fabric of society and culture, it is also necessarily about Yemen itself. The history and culture of South Arabia are still relatively unknown to the rest of the world, and the drug qat, so widely used there, is equally unknown. Thus, the material we present here should be of interest to all of those concerned with drug use, those who wish to understand more about Yemen and the Middle East, and to the Yemenis themselves. Another purpose is to develop some general understandings about sub­ stance uses and their effects which are less clouded by the mass hysteria and political considerations which often obscure drug issues in our own society. Examination of drug-use patterns in a country where millions of people are users on a regular basis, and where there has been familiarity with the drug for several hundred years, offers an opportunity to achieve perspectives not possible in countries with different attitudes and without such histories. I am not sanguine about the prospects of our abilities to learn from others or from the past, but I do not think we should abandon hope of doing so.
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  • 65
    ISBN: 9789400937239
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (364p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Culture, Illness, and Healing 9
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Epidemiology ; Anthropology ; Public health.
    Abstract: Section I: Historical and Theoretical Perspectives -- Introduction: Medical Anthropology and Epidemiology -- Early Work in Anthropology and Epidemiology: From Social Medicine to the Germ Theory, 1840 to 1920 -- Anthropology and Epidemiology in the Twentieth Century: A Selective History of Collaborative Projects and Theoretical Affinities, 1920 to 1970 -- Section II: Infectious Diseases -- Epidemiological Research on Infectious Disease: Quantitative Rigor or Rigormortis? Insights from Eth-nomedicine -- Ethnicity, Ecology, and Mortality Transitions in Northwestern Thailand -- The AIDS Epidemic in San Francisco: Epidemiological and Anthropological Perspectives -- Section III: Non-Infectious Diseases -- Migration and Hypertension: An Ethnography of Disease Risk in an Urban Samoan Community -- The Meaning of Lumps: A Case Study of the Ambiguities of Risk -- Section IV: Psycho-Social Conditions -- Colonial Stress in the Canadian Arctic: An Ethnography of Young Adults Changing -- Respondent-Identified Reasons for Change and Stability in Alcohol Consumption as a Concomitant of the Aging Process -- Identifying Psychosocial Disorders in Children: On Integrating Epidemiological and Anthropological Understandings -- List of Contributors -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: Over the past two decades increasing interest has emerged in the contribu­ tions that the social sciences might make to the epidemiological study of patterns of health and disease. Several reasons can be cited for this increasing interest. Primary among these has been the rise of the chronic, non-infectious diseases as important causes of morbidity and mortality within Western populations during the 20th century. Generally speaking, the chronic, non­ infectious diseases are strongly influenced by lifestyle variables, which are themselves strongly influenced by social and cultural forces. The under­ standing of the effects of the behavioral factors in, say, hypertension, thus requires an understanding of the social and cultural factors which encourage obesity, a sedentary lifestyle, non-compliance with anti-hypertensive medica­ tions (or other prescribed regimens), and stress. Equally, there is a growing awareness that considerations of human behavior and its social and cultural determinants are important for understanding the distribution and control of infectious diseases. Related to this expansion of epidemiologic interest into the behavioral realm 'has been the development of etiological models which focus on the psychological, biological and socio-cultural characteristics of hosts, rather than exclusive concern with exposure to a particular agent or even behavioral risk. Also during this period advances in statistical and computing techniques have made accessible the ready testing of multivariate causal models, and so have encouraged the measurement of the effects of social and cultural factors on disease occurrence.
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  • 66
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401719308
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVIII, 368 p) , digital
    Edition: Fifth Revised Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Economics ; Management science. ; Business.
    Abstract: 1: World Organizations -- 1. The International Monetary Fund -- 2. The World Bank Group -- 3. The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade -- 4. The Commodity Agreements. The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) -- 2: European Organizations -- 5. Benelux -- 6. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development -- 7. The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance -- 8. The European Communities -- 9. The European Free Trade Association -- Conclusion.
    Abstract: Der Worte sind genug gewechse/t, lasst mich auch endlich Taten sehn. J.W. GOETHE Since the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), which are analysed in Part 1, are spe­ cialized agencies linked by special agreements with the United Nations, a few words about the UN and two of the other specialized agencies, the Food and Agriculture Organization and the International Labour Organization, are called for. This is followed by a short account of the Bank for International Settlements, which is also referred to in connection with the IMF and the IBRD. The rest of this introduction is devoted to some non-European attempts at economic integration (which have not yet been very successful) and to the regional development banks. 1. The United Nations (UN) The United Nations comprises 159 countries (September 1986) which have accepted the Charter of the United Nations, which was signed at San Francisco on 26 June 1945 by fifty-one states and came into force on 24 October 1945. The aims of the organization include the maintenance of peace and security, the promotion of better standards of living and the encouragement of economic and social progress for all nations by means of international cooperation. The principal organs of the UN are: The General Assembly The Security Council The Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) The Trusteeship Council The International Court of Justice The Secretariat.
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  • 67
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400935037
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIX, 201 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Anthropology
    Abstract: Shame and Feelings of Modesty -- The “Location” of the Feeling of Shame and Man’s Way of Existing -- I. The Preconditions for the Occurrence of Shame of the Body -- II. Shame and Related Feelings -- III. Basic Forms of the Feeling of Shame and Theories of its Origin -- IV. The Sexual Feeling of Shame and its Function -- V. Psychic and Bodily Feeling of Shame in Man and Woman -- Repentance and Rebirth -- Exemplars of Person and Leaders -- I. Some General Comments concerning Personal Exemplars and Leaders -- II. The Mind of the Person in the Formation of Human Groups. The Vehicles of the Effectiveness of Personal Exemplars (The Formation of Fate). Models of Personal Exemplars -- III. The Saint -- IV. The Genius -- V. The Hero -- VI. The Leading Mind of Civilization -- VII. The Master in the Art of Living -- Bibliography of English Translations of the Works of Max Scheler.
    Abstract: From the mysterious powers and forces peculiar to both individual and community that can turn our lives into either good or bad lives, I wish to point to two such powers being at the same time different in their own nature and yet closely related to each other: The powers that emerge from exemplary persons and leaders. Understood as basic to both sociology and the philosophy of history, it comes to us as no surprise that the problem of exemplary persons and leaders - along with the questions of the qualities types, selections and education of leaders; forms of unison existing be­ tween leaders and their followers, all of which belonging to the subdivisions of this problem - must be a burning problem for a people whose historical leaders from all walks of life have, in part, been swept away by wars and revolutions. This fact we also find in all salient epochs of history characterized more or less by changes in leadership. It is precisely for this reason that in our own time every group appears to struggle ever so hard with this problem, namely, who their leaders should be. This pertains equally to a group within a party, to a class, to occupations, to unions, to various schools or present-day youth movements, and even to religious and ecclesias­ tical groupings. Beyond any comparison, there is yearning everywhere for lead­ ership.
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  • 68
    ISBN: 9789400946262
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, An International Series in the Philosophy and Methodology of the Social and Behavioral Sciences 48
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library 48
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Regional planning ; Social sciences Methodology ; Sociology—Methodology. ; Ethnology. ; Culture.
    Abstract: I. Basic Characteristics of Socialist Economic Organizations -- 1 Organizational and Economic Principles of Socialist Public Production Management -- 2 Management of the National Economy: Organizational Structure -- II. Organizational System: Principles and Methods of Design -- 3 The Management Staff and Rationalization of an Enterprise -- 4 Design of Management Organizational Structure: Processes and Techniques -- III. The Development of Management Organization Structure -- 5 The Management Organization Structure of a Large-Scale Industrial Complex: the KAMAZ Case -- 6 Matrix Organization for Technological Innovation Management: the Case of UralElectroTyazhMash (UETM) -- 7 The Management System of the Goal-Oriented Environmental Protection Program in the Latvian SSR -- References.
    Abstract: This book is the result of extensive studies by the authors in the fields of research in. and analysis and design of. the system of management of production organizations under a socialist econ­ omy. The management of the national economy in the USSR is developed on a planned basis. This work is part of the general state-sponsored strategy of economic development which is dis­ cussed and laid down by the Congresses of the CPSU (Communist Party of the Soviet Union) and is then translated into concrete decisions of the government and other bodies of economic and regional management. The general policies on management improvement are closely scrutinized by these bodies. the leaders of the Party and the State. and the Soviet press. In the recent years this work has acquired special importance. The party and economic management of all levels. scientists. and experts are faced with the task of introducing. in a short period of time. radical changes in the plan­ ning and operating. creating thereby a holistic management sys­ tem based on scientific recommendations and effective practical experience.
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  • 69
    ISBN: 9789400946743
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (416p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 183
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Social sciences ; Sociology.
    Abstract: Introduction: Chaim Perelman’s Address at the Ohio State University -- I: Argument -- The Changing Strategies of Argumentation from Ancient to Modern Times -- Implications of Perelman’s Theory of Argumentation for Theory of Persuasion -- Arguing: The Art of Being Human -- An Axiological Analysis of Chaim Perelman’s Theory of Practical Reasoning -- Judging the Quality of Audiences and Narrative Rationality -- Mecum meditari: Demolishing Doubt, Building a Prayer -- Problematology and Rhetoric -- II: Justice -- Justice and Justification in the New Rhetoric -- The Rational and the Reasonable: Dialectic or Parallel Systems? -- Pragmatic Justification and Perelman’s Philosophical Rhetoric -- The Evolution of Judicial Justification: Perelman’s Concept of the Rational and the Reasonable -- Perelman and the Philosophy of Law -- III: Social Application -- Reason and Rhetorical Practice: The Inventional Agenda of Chaim Perelman -- The Universal Audience Revisited -- The Contemporary Emergence of the Jurisprudential Model: Perelman in the Information Age -- Perelman on Justice and Political Institutions -- Social Ontology and Responsive Law -- The Teflon President: The Relevance of Chaim Perelman’s Formulations for the Study of Political Communication -- The Concrete-Universal: A Social Science Foundation for the New Rhetoric -- About the Contributors -- About the Editors -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: This anthology of original essays has been nearly .two and one-half years in the making, and reflects the generous effort of many persons. To begin with, we thank the contributors to the volume, who not only cooperated with regards to their own works, but who also provided valuable advice concerning the over-all volume. One of the contributors was outstanding in his assistance and warrants special mention: we thank Professor Michel Meyer, for his encouragement, counsel, and dedication to see this project to comple­ tion. We would also like to thank Professor Jaakko Hintikka for his encouragement and Mrs. Kuipers of Reidel for her patience and under­ standing along the way. A project such as this could never have been completed without the unique assistance of members of the Department of Communication, Ohio State University: Ms. Kimberly Pasi and Mr. Charles Mawhirtcr. Also, special thanks are due to our graduate research assistant Ms. Susan Jasko, for her proofreading and bibliographic work. The pressures of developing a Festschrift are considerable and could not have been met without the cooperation and enthusiasm of Mrs. Perelman, especially in allowing us to publish Professor Perelman's address to Ohio State University as our introduction.
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  • 70
    ISBN: 9789400946163
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (414p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, An International Series in the Philosophy and Methodology of the Social and Behavioral Sciences 47
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library 47
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Social sciences Methodology ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Abstract: I. Rationality and Uncertainty in Decision Theory -- Rationality and Uncertainty -- Practical Certainty and the Acceptance of Empirical Statements -- A New Basis for Decision Theory -- Some Questions about Bayesian Decision Theory -- Regret, Recrimination and Rationality -- II. Utility and Uncertainty -- Determination of Cardinal Utility According to an Intrinsic Invariant Model -- The Present State of Utility Theory -- A Characterization of Decision Matrices that Yield Instrumental Expected Utility -- Associative Means and Utility Theory -- On Utility Functions in a Financial Context -- The Generalized Means Model (GMM) for Non-Deterministic Decision Making -- Individual Cardinal Utility, Interpersonal Comparisons, and Social Choice -- Surviving Implications of Expected Utility Theory -- Consistency and Expected Utility Theory -- Aggregate Revealed Preferences and Random Utility Theory -- Concave Additively Decomposable Representing Functions and Risk Aversion -- III. Information and Utility -- Concepts of Information Based on Utility -- Information Utility — Statistical and Semantical Features -- IV. Risk Propensity and Decision -- Assessing Risk Propensity -- What Naive Decision Makers can Tell Us About Risk -- A Measure of Risk Aversion in Terms of Preferences -- State-Dependent Utility and Risk Aversion -- V. Decision Making Under Uncertainty -- The Impact of Uncertainty on the Optimal Decision of Risk Neutral Firms -- Strategic Planning Models and Risk Management.
    Abstract: The Second International Conference on Foundations of Utility and Risk Theory was held in Venice, June 1984. This volume presents some of the papers delivered at FUR-84. (The First International Conference, FUR-82, was held in Oslo and some of the papers presented on that occasion were published by Reidel in the volume Foundations of Utility and Risk Theory with Applications, edited by Bernt P. Stigum and Fred Wenst~p). The theory of choice under uncertainty involves a vast range of controversial issues in many fields like economics, philosophy, psychology, mathematics and statistics. The idea of discussing these problems in international conferences has been successful: two conferences have been held and others will follow. The climate of the debate has changed in the meantime, partly as a result of these conferences. It is no more only a question of attacking or defending the neo-Bernoullian assumptions, but also of proposing wider generalizations and including new elements in the analysis of the decision process. For instance Amartya Sen - comparing the two current notions of rationality, internal consistency and self-interest pursuit introduces the concept of reasoning and considers the irrationality which may result from the failure of a positive correspondence between reasoning and choice or from a limited capacity of reasoning. Rationality is also considered with respect to the controversial axiom of strong independence. John C. Harsanyi introduces the concept of practical certainty, i. e.
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  • 71
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400954243
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (544p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 93
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 93
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Anthropology ; Sociology. ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: I: Problems and Theories in the Social Sciences -- I.1. Objectivism Versus Relativism -- 1 / The Notion of a Social Science -- 2 / Social Perception and Social Change -- 3 / Realism and the Supposed Poverty of Sociological Theories -- 4 / Rationality and Relativism -- 5 / Popper on the Difference between the Natural and the Social Sciences -- I.2. Philosophy of Anthropology -- 6 / The Emergence of Social Anthropology from Philosophy -- 7 / On Theories of Fieldwork and the Scientific Character of Social Anthropology -- 8 / Limits to Functionalism and Alternatives to It in Anthropology -- 9 / On the Objectivity of Anthropology -- 10 / The Problem of Ethical Integrity in Participant Observation -- 11 / Anthropology as Science and the Anthropology of Science and of Anthropology -- 12 / Epistle to the Anthropologists -- 13 / On the Limits of Symbolic Interpretation in Anthropology -- 14 / The Problem of the Ethnographic Real -- 15 / Anthropologists and the Irrational -- 16 / Freeman on Mead -- II: Applications and Implications -- II.1 Society and the Arts -- 17 / The Objectivity of Criticism of the Arts -- 18 / The Rationality of Creativity -- II.2. Society and Technology -- 19 / Technology and the Structure of Knowledge -- 20 / The Social Character of Technological Problems -- 21 / Is Technology Unnatural? -- 22 / Utopia and the Architect -- II.3. Society and social control -- 23 / Nationalism and the Social Sciences -- 24 / Explorations in the Social Career of Movies: Business and Religion -- 25 / Methodological and Conceptual Problems in the Study of Pornography and Violence -- Sources -- List of Publications -- Indexes.
    Abstract: I. C. Jarvie was trained as a social anthropologist in the center of British social anthropology - the London School of Economics, where Bronislaw Malinowski was the object of ancestor worship. Jarvie's doctorate was in philosophy, however, under the guidance of Karl Popper and John Watkins. He changed his department not as a defector but as a rebel, attempting to exorcize the ancestral spirit. He criticized the method of participant obser­ vation not as useless but as not comprehensive: it is neither necessary nor sufficient for the making of certain contributions to anthropology; rather, it all depends on the problem-situation. And so Jarvie remained an anthro­ pologist at heart, who, in addition to some studies in rather conventional anthropological or sociological molds, also studied the tribe of social scien­ tists, but also critically examining their problems - especially their overall, rather philosophical problems, but not always so: a few of the studies in­ cluded in this volume exemplify his work on specific issues, whether of technology, or architecture, or nationalism in the academy, or moviemaking, or even movies exhibiting excessive sex and violence. These studies attract his attention both on account of their own merit and on account of their need for new and powerful research tools, such as those which he has forged in his own intellectual workshop over the last two decades.
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  • 72
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400952638
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (324p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, An International Series in the Philosophy and Methodology of the Social and Behavioral Sciences 43
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library 43
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Social sciences Methodology ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Abstract: I -- Analytical Action Theory: Breakthroughs and Deadlocks -- One Action — Two Theories? Comments on I. Thalberg -- The Contradictory Aims of Action Theory. Comments on I. Thalberg -- II -- The Concept of ‘Action’ in Sociological Analysis -- Comments on Jonathan H. Turner, ‘The Concept of “Action” in Sociological Analysis’ -- Action, and Social Action. Comments on J. H. Turner -- III -- Social Action -- Analytical Action Theory as a Conceptual Basis of Social Science. Comments on Raimo Tuomela’s Paper ‘Social Action’ -- We-Intentions and Process-Oriented Problems of Social Action. Comments on Raimo Tuomela’s Paper ‘Social Action’ -- Reply to Seebaß and Miller -- IV -- Remarks on the Concept of Communicative Action -- Habermas on Communicative Action -- Understanding as an Aim and Aims of Understanding. Comments on Jürgen Habermas -- Critique of Habermas’s Theory of Communicative Action -- V -- Max Weber’s Distinction Between Means-End Rationality and Value-Rationality — Rationale, Scope, Difficulties -- Value-Rationality and the Distinction Between Goal-Oriented and Value-Oriented Behavior in Weber -- Value-Rationality in Weber. Comments on Johannes Weiß: ‘Max Weber’s Distinction Between Means-End Rationality and Value-Rationality — Rationale, Scope, Difficulties’ -- VI -- Rationality and Valuation -- Epistemology and the Rationality of Beliefs and Valuations. Comments on Audi -- Rationality in the Light of the Epistemological Analogy. Comments on Robert Audi’s ‘Rationality and Valuation’ -- Reply to Döbert and Vossenkuhl -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: The papers contained in this volume are based on the contributions to an international, interdisciplinary Symposium entitled 'Analytical and Sociologi­ cal Action Theories' which took place in Berlin (West) on September 1-3, 1982. Each part comprises a main paper followed by two (in Part IV three) papers commenting on it. On the whole there is an equal division into philo­ sophical and sociological papers. In particular each main paper receives both inter- and innerdisciplinary comments. The Berlin Symposium was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Bonn) and, to a smaller extent, by the Freie UniversiHit Berlin; both grants are acknowledged gratefully. Berlin and Helsinki, May 1984 GOTTFRIED SEEBASS RAIMO TUOMELA vii GOTTFRIED SEEBASS INTRODUCTION I. It is a striking fact that the extended efforts of both sociologists and analytical philosophers to work out what is termed a 'theory of action' have taken little, if any, account of each other. Yet of the various reasons for this that come to mind none appears to be such as to foil any hopes for fruitful interdisciplinary exchange. Being concerned, apparently, with the same set of phenomena, viz. individual and social actions, the two theories can reasonably be expected to be partially overlapping as well as competitive and complementary. Accordingly each can eventually be shown by the other to need completion or revision. Whether or to what extent this is the case is subject to inquiry and discussion.
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  • 73
    ISBN: 9789400952058
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (496p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, An International Series in the Philosphy and Methodology of the Social and Behavioral Sciences 38
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library 38
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences Methodology ; Social sciences ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Abstract: I. Major Problems of the USSR Economy at the Modern Stage -- 1. Fundamentals of Planning the Development of the National Economy of the USSR -- 2. Modern State of the Economy of the USSR -- 3. Urgent Problems of Management of the USSR Economy -- 4. A Brief History -- II. Problems of Optimum of the National Economy of the USSR -- 5. Some Problems of the Theory of Optimal Functioning of the Socialist Economy -- 6. Various Notions of the National Economic Criterion of Optimality of the Socialist Economy -- 7. The Local Criterion of Optimality -- III. Main Elements of the System of Comprehensiv Planning and Management of the Socialist Economy -- 8. Main Elements of the System of Comprehensive Planning the Socialist Economy -- 9. Methodological Problems of National Economic Prediction -- 10. Problems of the Optimal Forward Planning of the Development of the National Economy of the USSR -- 11. Fundamentals of the System of Models of Medium-Term National Economic Planning -- 12. Multistep Approach to Optimization of Planning the Development of the National Economy of the USSR -- 13. Balance Intersectoral Models -- IV. Models of the Optimal Forward Planning of the Development of the National Economy of the USSR -- 14. The Sectoral Mathematical Models of Forward Optimal Planning -- 15. The Model of the Transport Complex -- 16. The Mathematical Model of the Upper Level of the National Economy -- 17. Models of Economic Regions -- 18. A Set of Models for Predicting the Social and Economic Results from Realization of the Optimal Plan -- 19. The Procedure of Elaboration of the Optimal Socially Balanced Plan of Developing the National Economy -- V. A Set of the Medium-Term Planning Models for Developing the National Economy -- 20. A set of the Medium-Term Planning Models for Developing the National Economy -- 21. A Dynamic Single-Sector Model with Structural Non-equilibrium -- VI. The Multistep System of Models for Optimization of Planning the Development of the National Economy of the USSR -- 22. The Multistep Optimization of Planning the Development of the National Economy with the Local Criterion of a General Form -- 23. Analysis of the Multistep Optimization with Some Concrete Forms of the Local Criterion -- 24. Analysis of the Intersectoral Model in the Multistep System of Planning the Development of the National Economy -- VII. Some National Economic Models of Planning and Management -- 25. Some Models of Territorial Production Planning -- 26. Some Models of Planned Price Formation -- VIII. The Automated System of Plan Calculations (ASPC) of the State Planning Committee of the USSR -- 27. The Functional Structure of the Automated System of Plan Calculations -- 28. Features of Functioning of the ASPC of the State Planning Committee of the USSR in Various Regimes -- 29. Planning the “Capital Construction” Block in the National Economic Plan of the USSR -- 30. Planning in the “Logistics Support” Block -- 31. Planning in the “Prime Cost and Profit” Block -- 32. Planning in the “Labor and Personnel” Block of Sectoral Subsystems and Complexes -- 33. Project Decisions for a Complex of Software Subsystems of the ASPC of the USSR State Planning Committee -- IX. Conclusion.
    Abstract: Rapid methodological progress is now taking place in the USSR in the solution of the problems of developing both society and economy. A considerable proportion of the total methodological problems of the USSR economy are dealt with in the present monograph. This work is intended for economists, managers and specialists in methodology, sociology and applied mathematics, and it may also be useful to researchers into operations as well as to politicians, philosophers and wide circles of readers interested in the present and future problems of the USSR economy. Readers will find here, I hope, answers to many questions. At the same time this work can be used as a manual for students and post-graduate students investigating countries with centrally planned economies. For his monograph the author has used the material originally developed for a special course of lectures called "Macromodels of Planning". Some sections of the book correspond to the subjects of courses on "Mathematical Programming" and "Operations Research" as well as to the subjects of special courses on "Methods of Vector Optimization", "Stochastic Programming", "Parametric Programming" and "Decomposition Methods of Programming", read by the author from 1971 to 1976 to the graduates and post­ graduates of the department of applied mathematics and management processes at Leningrad University.
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  • 74
    ISBN: 9789400953826
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, An International Series in the Philosophy and Methodology of the Social and Behavioral Sciences 44
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library 44
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Social sciences Methodology ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Abstract: 1. Behavior Settings as a Basis for Social System Accounts -- 2. The Usefulness of Behavior Settings for Classifying and Describing Human Activities in a Community -- 3. Behavior Settings and Objective Social Indicators -- 4. The Classification of Behavior Settings in Social System Accounts -- 5. The Classification of Roles in Social System Accounts -- 6. The Classification of Stocks of Physical Capital and Consumer Durables in Social System Accounts -- 7. The Classification and Delineation of Communities and Regions in Social System Accounts -- 8. A Behavior Setting Approach to Microanalytical Simulation Models at the Community Level -- 9. Some Broader Implications of Behavior Settings for the Social Sciences -- 10. Social System Accounts Based on Behavior Settings: Some Next Steps -- References -- Appendix I. Behavior Settings, Ecological Psychology, and Eco-Behavioral Science: Some Annotated References to the Basic Literature -- Appendix II. Selected Publications and Unpublished Manuscripts by Karl A. Fox and Associates Making Use of Behavior Setting Concepts -- Author Index.
    Abstract: This book results from a research program on which I have spent most of my time since 1974. It addresses two of the major problems facing social system account ing: how to measure and account for nonmarket activities and how to combine social and economic indicators. The solution I propose is accounts based on behavior settings, a concept originated by Roger G. Barker more than thirty years ago. Behavior settings are the natural units of social activity into which people sort themselves to get on with the busi­ ness of daily life--grocery stores, school classes, reI i­ gious services, meetings, athletic events, and so on. The descriptive power of behavior settings has been established in surveys of complete communities in the United States and England, of high schools ranging in size from fewer than 100 to more than 2000 students, of rehabilitation centers in hospitals, and of several other types of organizations. Behavior settings are empirical facts of everyday life. A description of a community or an organization in terms of behavior settings corresponds to common experi­ ence. In many cases, small establishments are behavior settings; the paid roles in behavior settingsare occupa­ tions; and the buildings and equipment of establishments are the buildings and equipment of behavior settings.
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  • 75
    ISBN: 9789400952515
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (536p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Culture, Illness, and Healing, Studies in Comparative Cross-Cultural Research 7
    Series Statement: Culture, Illness and Healing 7
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Anthropology ; Public health.
    Abstract: Culture-Bound or Construct-Bound? The Syndromes and DSM-III -- Sorting the Culture-Bound Syndromes -- I: Folk Illnesses of Psychiatric Interest in which some Evidence Supports the Hypothesis of a Neurophysiological Shaping Factor -- A. The Startle Matching Taxon -- The Resolution of the Latah Paradox -- Paradox Lost: The Latah Problem Revisited -- Latah II — Problems with a Purely Symbolic Interpretation: A Reply to Michael G. Kenny -- Shamans and Imu: Among Two Ainu Groups — Toward a Cross-Cultural Model of Interpretation -- Commentary -- B. The Sleep Paralysis Taxon -- Uqamairineq and Uqumanigianiq: Eskimo Sleep Paralysis -- The Old Hag Phenomenon as Sleep Paralysis: A Biocultural Interpretation -- Commentary -- II: Folk Illnesses of Psychiatric Interest in which a Neurophysiological Shaping Factor is only Suspected -- A. The Genital Retraction Taxon -- Koro — A Cultural Disease -- Koro in a Nigerian Male Patient: A Case Report -- The Koro Pattern of Depersonalization in an American Schizophrenic Patient -- Indigenous Koro, A Genital Retraction Syndrome of Insular Southeast Asia: A Critical Review -- Commentary -- B. The Sudden Mass Assault Taxon -- Ethno-Behaviorism and the Culture-Bound Syndromes: The Case of Amok -- Sudden Mass Assault with Grenade: An Epidemic Amok Form from Laos -- The Amok Syndrome in Papua and New Guinea -- Amok -- Commentary -- C. The Running Taxon -- Pibloktoq (Hysteria) Among the Polar Eskimo: An Ethnopsychiatric Study -- Grisi Siknis in Miskito Culture -- The Transformation of Arctic Hysteria -- Commentary -- III: Folk Illnesses Usually Listed as Culture-Bound Psychiatric Syndromes which should Probably No Longer be so Considered -- A. The Fright Illness Taxon -- The Folk Illness Called Susto -- Saladera — A Culture-Bound Misfortune Syndrome in the Peruvian Amazon -- Lanti, Illness by Fright Among Bisayan Filipinos -- Mogo Laya, A New Guinea Fright Illness -- Commentary -- B. The Cannibal Compulsion Taxon -- Windigo Psychosis: The Anatomy of an Emic-Etic Confusion -- Commentaries and Replies -- Commentary -- Append -- Glossary of ‘Culture-Bound’ or Folk Psychiatric Syndromes -- Charles C. Hughes -- List of Contributors -- to the Index.
    Abstract: In the last few years there has been a great revival of interest in culture-bound psychiatric syndromes. A spate of new papers has been published on well known and less familiar syndromes, and there have been a number of attempts to put some order into the field of inquiry. In a review of the literature on culture-bound syndromes up to 1969 Yap made certain suggestions for organizing thinking about them which for the most part have not received general acceptance (see Carr, this volume, p. 199). Through the seventies new descriptive and conceptual work was scarce, but in the last few years books and papers discussing the field were authored or edited by Tseng and McDermott (1981), AI-Issa (1982), Friedman and Faguet (1982) and Murphy (1982). In 1983 Favazza summarized his understanding of the state of current thinking for the fourth edition of the Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry, and a symposium on culture-bound syndromes was organized by Kenny for the Eighth International Congress of Anthropology and Ethnology. The strong­ est impression to emerge from all this recent work is that there is no substantive consensus, and that the very concept, "culture-bound syndrome" could well use some serious reconsideration. As the role of culture-specific beliefs and prac­ tices in all affliction has come to be increasingly recognized it has become less and less clear what sets the culture-bound syndromes apart.
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