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  • 2015-2019  (428)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (293)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing.  (135)
  • London : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
  • Science and Technology  (428)
Datasource
Material
Language
Years
Year
Author, Corporation
Publisher
Keywords
Subjects(RVK)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Developing Minds in the Digital Age : Towards a Science of Learning for 21st Century Education (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264723016 , 9789264406964 , 9789264634312
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (260 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Educational Research and Innovation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Kuhl, Patricia, 1946 - Developing minds in the digital age
    DDC: 016.403
    Keywords: Bildung ; Digitalisierung ; Learning, Psychology of ; Learning Social aspects ; Educational technology ; Educational Technology ; Education ; Science and Technology ; Psychologie de l'apprentissage ; Apprentissage - Aspect social ; Technologie éducative ; Educational technology ; Learning, Psychology of ; Learning - Social aspects ; Computerunterstütztes Lernen
    Abstract: This book highlights new scientific research about how people learn, including interdisciplinary perspectives from neuroscience, the social, cognitive and behavioural sciences, education, computer and information sciences, artificial intelligence/machine learning, and engineering. These new developments offer fascinating new perspectives, based on technological advances, which enable a re-examination of longstanding problems in learning, raise new questions, and offer new approaches to the study of learning. This report seeks to catalyse discussions on the implications of these research findings for education practice and policy, and in turn, on how knowledge and experience from real-world education practice and policy could challenge and inform research agendas and theory building.
    DOI: 10.1787/562a8659-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Finland leads the climate charge in the Arctic Council (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe La Finlande mène l’offensive contre le changement climatique au Conseil de l’Arctique
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Environment ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Trade ; Finland
    DOI: 10.1787/7a1697b8-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    What are the OECD Principles on AI? (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Quels sont les Principes de l’OCDE sur l’IA ?
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/6ff2a1c4-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Quels sont les Principes de l’OCDE sur l’IA ? (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe What are the OECD Principles on AI?
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/f4b17318-fr
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Research and Development Statistics: Business enterprise R-D expenditure by size class and by source of funds - ISIC Rev 4 (Edition 2019) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This table presents research and development (R&D) expenditure statistics performed in the business enterprise sector by industry according to the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) revision 4. and by source of funds (business enterprise, government, other national funds, and funds from abroad). Data at the industry level are presented from 2005, year when the first countries converted their data from ISIC rev.3.1 to the current ISIC rev. 4 classification. This breakdown between industries is, in principle, made at the enterprise level, although some countries are able to break down R&D data for multi product enterprises between their main lines of business. National statistical regulations prevent publication of results where there are very few firms in the given category, hence the many gaps in the tables. Depending on the country, R&D institutes serving enterprises are either classified with the industry concerned, or grouped under “Research and Development” (ISIC rev.4, Division 72). When these R&D institutes are classified with the industry served, the evaluation of R&D in these industries is more accurate and more comparable between countries for the industries concerned. This results, however, in an underestimation of the percentage of BERD performed by the service sector as compared with other countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/8faa9e3c-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Research and Development Statistics: Business enterprise R-D expenditure by industry - ISIC Rev. 4 (Edition 2019) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Business enterprise R-D expenditure by industry presents research and development (R&D) expenditure statistics performed in the business enterprise sector by industry according to the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) revision 4.
    DOI: 10.1787/5be80e5d-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Research and Development Statistics: R-D personnel by sector of employment and field of science (Edition 2019) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: R-D personnel by sector of employment and field of science presents research and development (R&D) personnel statistics for total R&D personnel by sector of employment and field of science, in full-time equivalent on R&D; Researchers by sex, sector of employment and field of science, in full-time equivalent on R&D; Researchers by sex, sector of employment and field of science, in headcounts. Sectors of employment include business enterprise, government, higher education, private non-profit and total. Breakdown by field of science includes natural sciences, engineering, medical sciences, agricultural sciences, social sciences, and humanities. Data are presented from 1981 onwards and are expressed in terms of units for personnel with full-time equivalent on R&D activities as well as headcounts.
    DOI: 10.1787/8bbc9cd4-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Main Science and Technology Indicators (Edition 2019/2) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Main Science and Technology provides a set of indicators that reflect the level and structure of the efforts undertaken by OECD Member countries and selected non-member economies in the field of Science and Technology from 1981 onwards. Indicators cover resources devoted to research and development (R&D), researchers, patent families, technology balance of payments and international trade in highly R&D-intensive industries.
    DOI: 10.1787/b6dd1eea-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Research and Development Statistics: Gross domestic expenditure on R-D by sector of performance and source of funds (Edition 2019) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Gross domestic expenditure on R-D by sector of performance and source of funds contains research and development (R&D) expenditure statistics. Data include gross domestic R&D expenditure by sector of performance (business enterprise, government, higher education, private non-profit, and total intramural) and by source of funds (business enterprise, government - including public general university funds -, higher education, private non-profit and funds from abroad - including funds from enterprises and other funds from abroad). Data are presented from 1981 onwards.
    DOI: 10.1787/8fcd46a7-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Research and Development Statistics: Government budget appropriations or outlays for RD (Edition 2019) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The Government budget appropriations or outlays for R&D includes statistics on Government appropriations or outlays of R&D by socio-economic objective (SEO), using the NABS 2007 classification i.e: exploration and exploitation of the earth, environment, exploration and exploitation of space, transport, telecommunication and other infrastructures, energy, industrial production and technology, health, agriculture, education, culture, recreation, religion and mass media, political and social systems, structures and processes, general advancement of knowledge: R&D financed from General University Funds (GUF), General advancement of knowledge: R&D financed from sources other than GUF, Defence. Data are presented from 1981 onwards and expressed in units of expenditure in million of national currency, million of dollars in constant prices as well as current prices.
    DOI: 10.1787/cde9516a-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Research and Development Statistics: Business enterprise R-D expenditure by size class and by source of funds - ISIC Rev 3 (Edition 2019) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Business enterprise R-D expenditure by size class and by source of funds comprises statistics on research and development (R&D) expenditure performed in the business enterprise sector. Data include total business enterprise intramural expenditure on R&D by size class and source of funds including funds from abroad, business enterprise, private non-profit, sub-total government. Data are presented from 1998 onwards.
    DOI: 10.1787/8010fdea-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    ICT Access and Use by Businesses (Edition 2019) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Telecommunications and Internet Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The ICT Access and Usage by Businesses database provides a selection of 42 indicators, based on the 2nd revision of the OECD Model Survey on ICT Access and Usage by Businesses. The selected indicators originate from two sources: 1. An OECD data collection on the following OECD and accession countries: Australia, Canada, Colombia, Japan, Korea, Mexico, New Zealand, Switzerland and the United States. Data collection methodology followed by these countries is available in each respective country metadata file. 2. Eurostat Statistics on Businesses for the OECD countries that are part of the European Statistical system. For those countries, indicators shown in this database refer to the original indicator as published by EUROSTAT -see the correspondence table-. Please refer to Eurostat methodology to access the methodological information. For all countries, breakdowns used correspond to those of EUROSTAT, unless otherwise stated in the metadata.
    DOI: 10.1787/340cf74a-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Patents by regions (Edition 2019) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Patent Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This dataset includes statistics on patent counts by regions where EPO and PCT filings are presented according to the region of the inventors/applicants residence (Territorial Level 3), including total patents and selected technology domains such as ICT, nanotechnology, biotechnology as well as environment-related technologies. Reference regions are available by inventor’s country of residence and applicants country of residents. Data are presented from 1978 onwards.
    DOI: 10.1787/af15a2a6-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Research and Development Statistics: R&D personnel in the business enterprise sector by main activity (Edition 2019) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This table presents research and development (R&D) statistics on personnel in the business enterprise sector. Measured in full-time equivalent are the number of total R&D personnel and researchers in the business enterprise sector by industry according to the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) revision 4. Data at the industry level are presented from 2000, first year from which some countries converted their data from ISIC rev.3.1 to the current ISIC rev. 4 classification.
    DOI: 10.1787/1691126b-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Rethinking innovation for a sustainable ocean economy (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264311053
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 189 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rethinking innovation for a sustainable ocean economy
    Keywords: Meeresnutzung ; Meeresschutz ; Umwelttechnik ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Welt ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Meeresnutzung ; Umwelttechnik ; Technischer Fortschritt
    Abstract: This new OECD report on the ocean economy emphasises the growing importance of science and technologies in improving the sustainable economic development of our seas and ocean. Marine ecosystems sit at the heart of many of the world’s global challenges: food, medicines, new sources of clean energy, climate regulation, job creation and inclusive growth. But we need to safeguard and improve the health of marine ecosystems to support our ever-growing use of marine resources. Innovation in science and technology will play a key role in reconciling these two objectives. This report identifies three priority areas for action based on a number of in-depth case studies: 1) approaches that produce win-win outcomes for ocean business and the ocean environment across a range of marine and maritime applications; 2) the creation of ocean-economy innovation networks; and 3) new pioneering initiatives to improve measurement of the ocean economy.
    Note: Literaturangaben , Acrobat Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264311053-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    L’expérimentation sociale en Finlande (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Experimental Finland
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Education ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Finland
    DOI: 10.1787/25c99df3-fr
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    La transformation numérique, ou la métamorphose d’une chenille en papillon (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Going digital and creating that butterfly
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/79e2b091-fr
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Digital planet: How smart technologies can help us solve our climate and infrastructure challenges (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Planète numérique : les technologies intelligentes peuvent nous aider à faire face aux problèmes climatiques et d’infrastructures
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    DOI: 10.1787/a33bcbb6-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    AI: Getting the plumbing right (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    DOI: 10.1787/a2d182c1-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Biais artificiels (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Artificial Bias
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/dbb6baa1-fr
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Going digital and creating that butterfly (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe La transformation numérique, ou la métamorphose d’une chenille en papillon
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/55f2d16e-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Les travailleurs des plateformes en ligne sont-ils vraiment leur propre patron ? (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (5 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Are platform workers really their own boss?
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Employment ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/eb4aa9cb-fr
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trois atouts qui doivent permettre à la Finlande de garder une longueur d’avance (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Three reasons why Finland can stay on top
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Education ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; Finland
    DOI: 10.1787/0433bd05-fr
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Technologie : où sont les femmes ? (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Where are all the women in tech?
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/65317b01-fr
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Science and AI: Don’t forget the human factor… (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Science et intelligence artificielle : n’oublions pas le facteur humain…
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    DOI: 10.1787/260fcaf4-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Artificial Bias (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Biais artificiels
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/ff3c6202-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 27
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    Online Resource
    Bioeconomy 101: Making rubber tyres from dandelions (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Environment ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/d619efca-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Are platform workers really their own boss? (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Les travailleurs des plateformes en ligne sont-ils vraiment leur propre patron ?
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Employment ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/22b57a7f-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Le plastique n’est plus fantastique (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe The last (plastic) straw?
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Environment ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; Finland
    DOI: 10.1787/c9cab69d-fr
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 30
    Online Resource
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    Planète numérique : les technologies intelligentes peuvent nous aider à faire face aux problèmes climatiques et d’infrastructures (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Digital planet: How smart technologies can help us solve our climate and infrastructure challenges
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    DOI: 10.1787/03b5bf66-fr
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 31
    Online Resource
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    The last (plastic) straw? (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Le plastique n’est plus fantastique
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Environment ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; Finland
    DOI: 10.1787/c4f7842f-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 32
    Online Resource
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    Societal intelligence (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/5415bc07-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 33
    Online Resource
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    Broadband database (Edition 2019) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Telecommunications and Internet Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The broadband database on information and communication technology (ICT) contains indicators on wireless and fixed broadband usage, access and diffusion to OECD households, individuals and businesses.
    DOI: 10.1787/cdacdf78-en
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    Research and Development Statistics: Business enterprise R-D expenditure by industry and by type of cost - ISIC Rev 4 (Edition 2019) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This table presents research and development (R&D) expenditure statistics performed in the business enterprise sector by industry according to the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) revision 4. and by type of costs (current expenditure, capital expenditure). Data at the industry level are presented from 2005, year when most of the countries converted their data from ISIC rev.3.1 to the current ISIC rev. 4 classification. This breakdown between industries is, in principle, made at the enterprise level, although some countries are able to break down R&D data for multi product enterprises between their main lines of business. National statistical regulations prevent publication of results where there are very few firms in the given category, hence the many gaps in the tables. Depending on the country, R&D institutes serving enterprises are either classified with the industry concerned, or grouped under “Research and Development” (ISIC rev.4, Division 72). When these R&D institutes are classified with the industry served, the evaluation of R&D in these industries is more accurate and more comparable between countries for the industries concerned. This results, however, in an underestimation of the percentage of BERD performed by the service sector as compared with other countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/223e5564-en
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  • 35
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    Telecommunications database (Edition 2019) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Telecommunications and Internet Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The Telecommunications Database is produced in association with the biennial publication OECD Communications Outlook. The Database provides time-series data covering thirty OECD Member countries. It contains both telecommunication and economic indicators. The data are provided for the years 1980 to 2009, where available.
    DOI: 10.1787/7b8e8d18-en
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  • 36
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    Patents by main technology and by International Patent Classification (IPC) (Edition 2019) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Patent Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This dataset comprises statistics on patents by main technology and International Patent Classification (IPC). EPO, USPTO, PCT and Triadic Patent Families are in fact presented according to classes of the International Patent Classification (IPC class up to 4 characters) and for selected technology domains such as ICT, nanotechnology, biotechnology as well as environment-related technologies. Data are presented from 1976 onwards.
    DOI: 10.1787/069dfead-en
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  • 37
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    Research and Development Statistics: Gross domestic expenditure on R-D by sector of performance and field of science (Edition 2019) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This table contains research and development (R&D) expenditure statistics on gross domestic R&D expenditure by sector of performance (business enterprise, government, higher education, private non-profit, and total intramural) and by field of science (natural sciences, engineering, medical sciences, agricultural sciences, social sciences, and humanities). Data are covering the years 1981 to 2009.
    DOI: 10.1787/30e18e71-en
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  • 38
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    Research and Development Statistics: R-D personnel by sector of employment and qualification (Edition 2019) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This table presents research and development (R&D) personnel statistics. Number of R&D personnel is provided in headcounts and/or full-time equivalent on R&D by sex, sector of employment (business enterprise, government, higher education, and private non-profit) and by formal qualification (university and other diplomas by ISCED classification).Data are presented from 1981 onwards.
    DOI: 10.1787/42174403-en
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  • 39
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    ICT Access and Usage by Households and Individuals (Edition 2019) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Telecommunications and Internet Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The ICT Access and Usage by Households and Individuals database provides a selection of 78 indicators, based on the of 2nd revision of the OECD Model Survey on ICT Access and Usage by Households and Individuals. The selected indicators originate from two sources: 1. An OECD data collection on the following OECD and accession countries: Australia, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Israel, Japan, Korea, Mexico, New Zealand and the United States. Data collection methodology followed by these countries is available in each respective country metadata file. 2. Eurostat Statistics on Households and Individuals for the OECD countries that are part of the European Statistical system. For those countries, indicators shown in this database refer to the original indicator as published by EUROSTAT -see the correspondence table-. Please refer to Eurostat methodology to access the methodological information. For all countries, breakdowns used correspond to those of EUROSTAT, unless otherwise stated in the metadata.
    DOI: 10.1787/09f01bff-en
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  • 40
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    Main Science and Technology Indicators (Edition 2019/1) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Main Science and Technology provides a set of indicators that reflect the level and structure of the efforts undertaken by OECD Member countries and selected non-member economies in the field of Science and Technology from 1981 onwards. Indicators cover resources devoted to research and development (R&D), researchers, patent families, technology balance of payments and international trade in highly R&D-intensive industries.
    DOI: 10.1787/49386a8a-en
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  • 41
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    Research and Development Statistics: R-D expenditure by sector of performance and type of R-D (Edition 2019) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The R&D expenditure by sector of performance and type of R&D table comprises statistics on current domestic R&D and gross domestic R&D expenditures by sector of performance (business enterprise, government, higher education, private non-profit, and total intramural) and by type of R&D within each sector (basic research, applied research, experimental development, non-specified, and total activity) as well as type of costs incurred (sub-totals current costs, total costs). Data are presented from 1981 onwards and are expressed in terms of units of expenditure such as million nationa currency, million dollars in constant prices as well as million dollars in current prices.
    DOI: 10.1787/673491b4-en
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  • 42
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    Where are all the women in tech? (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Technologie : où sont les femmes ?
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/7f4c0ab2-en
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  • 43
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    Going digital: Back to the future (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe La transformation numérique : Retour vers le futur
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    DOI: 10.1787/1249c88f-en
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  • 44
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    Research and Development Statistics: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R-D by sector of performance and type of cost (Edition 2019) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R-D by sector of performance and type of cost presents research and development (R&D) expenditure statistics. Data include gross domestic R&D expenditure by sector of performance (business enterprise, government, higher education, private non-profit, and total intramural) and by type of costs (current expenditures: labour costs, other current costs; and capital expenditures: land and buildings, and instruments and equipment). Data are presented from 1981 onwards.
    DOI: 10.1787/320deffd-en
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  • 45
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    Steelmaking capacity by economy (Edition 2019) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Statistics on Measuring Globalisation
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Excess capacity is one of the main challenges facing the global steel sector. The OECD Steelmaking Capacity database contains data on crude steelmaking capacity by economy and provides researchers and policymakers with an important tool for analysing steel capacity developments.
    DOI: 10.1787/f6ebc80c-en
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  • 46
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    Indicators of international co-operation (Edition 2019) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Patent Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This dataset presents statistics on Indicators of international co-operation in patents (EPO, USPTO & PCT): where EPO stands for European Patent Office, USPTO for US Patent and Trademark Office and PCT for Patent Cooperation Treaty. Those indicators analyze to cross-border ownership of patents reflecting international flows of knowledge from the inventor country to the applicant countries and international flows of funds for research (multinational companies) and co-inventions representing the international collaboration in the inventive process. Data are divided in terms of Patent office & Triadic Patent families (application filed under EPO, patent grants at the USPTO, patent application filed under the PCT), type of international Cooperation in Patenting (foreign ownership, domestic ownership, % of patents invented abroad), reference date (application date, priority date, date of grant) and partner country. Data are presented as annual datapoints from 1976 onwards.
    DOI: 10.1787/b0b70fc7-en
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  • 47
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    Research and Development Statistics: Gross domestic expenditure on R-D by sector of performance and socio-economic objective (Edition 2019) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Gross domestic expenditure on R-D by sector of performance and socio-economic objective presents data on gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) by socio-economic objective (SEO), using the NABS 2007 classification i.e.: exploration and exploitation of the earth, environment, exploration and exploitation of space, transport, telecommunication and other infrastructures, energy, Industrial production and technology, health, agriculture, education, culture, recreation, religion and mass media, political and social systems, structures and processes, general advancement of knowledge, and defence. Data are presented from 1981 onwards and measured by units for expenditure such as current prices, constant prices and PPP.
    DOI: 10.1787/3851145e-en
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  • 48
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    Research and Development Statistics: R-D personnel by sector of employment and occupation (Edition 2019) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: R-D personnel by sector of employment and occupation contain research and development (RD) personnel statistics. Number of R&D personnel is provided in both headcounts and full-time equivalent on RD by sex, sector of employment (business enterprise, government, higher education, and private non-profit) and by occupation (researchers, technicians and other support staff). Data are presented from 1981 onwards.
    DOI: 10.1787/5a746fa4-en
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  • 49
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    STAN R&D: Research and development expenditure in industry - ISIC Rev. 4 (Edition 2019) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: STAN: OECD Structural Analysis Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This table presents comprehensive and internationally comparable time-series on industrial R&D expenditures broken down in up to 100 manufacturing and services sectors in ISIC Revision 4 for OECD countries and selected non-member economies, from 1987 onwards. Compatible with those used in other OECD databases, the industry list now covers a number of service and technological sectors of interest. OECD estimates adjust for deficiencies and anomalies in the official data.
    DOI: 10.1787/19494b00-en
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  • 50
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    Industry concentration in Europe and North America (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 53 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD productivity working papers no. 18 (January 2019)
    Series Statement: OECD productivity working papers
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report presents new evidence on industry concentration trends in Europe and in North America. It uses two novel data sources: representative firm-level concentration measures from the OECD MultiProd project, and business-group-level concentration measures using matched Orbis-Worldscope-Zephyr data. Based on the MultiProd data, it finds that between 2001 and 2012 the average industry across 10 European economies saw a 2-3-percentage-point increase in the share of the 10% largest companies in industry sales. Using the Orbis-Worldscope-Zephyr data, it documents a clear increase in industry concentration in Europe as well as in North America between 2000 and 2014 of the order of 4-8 percentage points for the average industry. Over the period, about 3 out of 4 (2-digit) industries in each region saw their concentration increase. The increase is observed for both manufacturing and non-financial services and is not driven by digital-intensive sectors.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/2ff98246-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 51
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    Productivity and innovation at the industry level : what role for global value chain integration? (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD productivity working papers no. 19 (October 2019)
    Series Statement: OECD productivity working papers
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Productivity growth has declined in most advanced economies in the past two decades and there are signs that the pace of global value chain (GVC) integration has slowed in the post-crisis period. This paper explores the role of GVCs - international trade in intermediate inputs - for multi-factor productivity growth using a range of cross-country industry-level data sources. We find that greater participation in GVCs is associated with faster domestic productivity growth at the industry level. We estimate that if GVCs had continued to grow at their pre-crisis trend, productivity growth would have been around 1 percentage point faster over the subsequent five years in both manufacturing and services. We also find that the productivity-enhancing direction of trade differs between sectors. For manufacturing sectors, greater use of intermediate inputs from foreign sources (backward participation) is linked with faster productivity growth, reflecting the beneficial effects of having access to better quality or cheaper inputs. For services sectors, it is more the sales of intermediates (forward participation) that is associated with productivity gains, in line with the traditional role of services in foreign trade as providing inputs to other activities. Looking by partner country, GVC participation with higher productivity countries is particularly productivity enhancing. We also find that GVC integration spurs greater domestic innovation activity.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/a5cec52c-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Good Governance for Critical Infrastructure Resilience (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264591134 , 9789264410503 , 9789264988521
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (108 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Risk Management Policies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Good governance for critical infrastructure resilience
    Keywords: Infrastrukturpolitik ; Good Governance ; Risikomanagement ; Energy ; Environment ; Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Critical infrastructures are the backbone of modern, interconnected economies. The disruption of key systems and essential services - such as telecommunications, energy or water supply, transportation or finance - can cause substantial economic damage. This report looks at how to boost critical infrastructure resilience in a dynamic risk landscape, and discusses policy options and governance models to promote up-front resilience investments. Based on an international survey, the report analyses the progressive shift of critical infrastructure policies from asset protection to system resilience. The findings are reflected in a proposed Policy Toolkit for the Governance of Critical Infrastructure Resilience, which can guide governments in taking a more coherent, preventive approach to protecting and sustaining essential services.
    DOI: 10.1787/02f0e5a0-en
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  • 53
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    Digital Government in Peru : Working Closely with Citizens (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264726840
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (84 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Digital government in Peru
    Keywords: E-Government ; Digitalisierung ; Peru ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Peru
    Abstract: This digital government study explores the state of the digitalisation of the public sector in Peru. It addresses recent efforts to build an institutional and legal framework to support the digital transformation of the public sector. It also discusses the design and delivery of, and access to, public services, and the role that digital technologies can play in improving them. Finally, this report assesses the state of data governance and open data in Peru’s public sector.
    DOI: 10.1787/0c1eb85b-en
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    Going Digital: Shaping Policies, Improving Lives (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264312012 , 9789264312029 , 9789264312036
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Vers le numérique : Forger des politiques au service de vies meilleures
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Going Digital: Den digitalen Wandel gestalten, das Leben verbessern
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Going digital
    RVK:
    MS 1170
    Keywords: Digitalisierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Digitalisierung
    Abstract: Digital technologies and data are transformational. People, firms and governments live, interact, work and produce differently than in the past, and these changes are accelerating rapidly. How can we realise the immense promises of digital technologies and data for growth and well-being in a fast evolving world? This report charts the road ahead. It identifies seven policy dimensions that allow governments – together with citizens, firms and stakeholders – to shape digital transformation to improve lives. It also highlights key opportunities, challenges and policies related to each dimension, offers new insights, evidence and analysis, and provides recommendations for better policies in the digital age.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264312012-en
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  • 55
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    Risk Governance Scan of Kazakhstan (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264737457
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (108 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Risk Management Policies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Risk governance scan of Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Katastrophenschutz ; Katastrophe ; Kasachstan ; Environment ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Sicherheit ; Strategie
    Abstract: This report presents the governance framework in Kazakhstan for managing disaster risks. A wide range of disaster risks are present throughout the national territory, primarily floods, landslides, avalanches, but also extreme cold and heatwaves. The report reviews how the central government sets up a national strategy to manage these disaster risks, and how a national risk governance framework is formulated and executed. It examines the role of the private sector and other non-governmental actors in contributing to resilience at a national and subnational level.
    DOI: 10.1787/cb82cae9-en
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  • 56
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    Rapport sur les données ouvertes publiques : Encourager la maturité des politiques de données ouvertes pour un impact durable (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264449961 , 9789264995673 , 9789264518797
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (284 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Open Government Data Report: Enhancing Policy Maturity for Sustainable Impact
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Ce rapport offre un aperçu détaillé de l’état des politiques de données ouvertes dans les pays membres de l’OCDE et de ses partenaires, se basant principalement sur les données récoltées par les enquêtes de l’OCDE sur les données publiques ouvertes en 2013, 2014 et 2016, sur celles des revues de pays et des analyses comparatives faîtes par l’OCDE. Le rapport analyse les politiques de données ouvertes en utilisant un cadre analytique conforme à l’indice OURdata sur les données publiques ouvertes, utiles et réutilisables et à la Charte internationale des données ouvertes (International Open Data Charter). Il évalue les efforts déployés par les gouvernements pour renforcer la disponibilité, l'accessibilité et la réutilisation des données publiques ouvertes. Le rapport soutient qu’au-delà de l'engagement des pays à ouvrir des données gouvernementales de qualité, la création de valeur publique nécessite la mobilisation des différentes communautés d'utilisateurs de l'ensemble de l'écosystème, tel que les journalistes, les organisations de la société civile, les entrepreneurs, les grandes entreprises technologiques privées et les universités. Le rapport souligne également le fait que les politiques de données ouvertes sont des éléments de transformations numériques plus larges et que les politiques de données du secteur public nécessitent une interaction avec d'autres programmes publics, tels que celles du gouvernement ouvert, de l'innovation, l'emploi, l'intégrité, la budgétisation publique, le développement durable, la mobilité urbaine et les transports. Il met aussi l’accent sur la pertinence de mesurer les impacts des données ouvertes afin de soutenir l'analyse de rentabilisation (i.e. le business case) des données publiques ouvertes.
    DOI: 10.1787/12ea5027-fr
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    Measuring the Digital Transformation : A Roadmap for the Future (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264311992 , 9789264312043 , 9789264312050
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (260 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Cómo medir la transformación digital : Hoja de ruta para el futuro
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Measuring the digital transformation
    RVK:
    MS 1170
    Keywords: Digitalisierung ; Messung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Digitalisierung
    Abstract: Measuring the Digital Transformation: A Roadmap for the Future provides new insights into the state of the digital transformation by mapping indicators across a range of areas – from education and innovation, to trade and economic and social outcomes – against current digital policy issues, as presented in Going Digital: Shaping Policies, Improving Lives. In so doing, it identifies gaps in the current measurement framework, assesses progress made towards filling these gaps and sets-out a forward-looking measurement roadmap. The goal is to expand the evidence base, as a means to lay the ground for more robust policies for growth and well-being in the digital era.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264311992-en
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  • 58
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    Unpacking E-commerce : Business Models, Trends and Policies (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264784185 , 9789264689626 , 9789264963399
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (114 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Unpacking e-commerce
    Keywords: Online-Handel ; Geschäftsmodell ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Science and Technology ; Trade ; Electronic Shopping ; Online-Shop ; Geschäftsmodell
    Abstract: As digital transformation has accelerated, the e-commerce landscape has become increasingly dynamic. New players have emerged at the same time that established actors have taken on new roles; some barriers to e-commerce at the firm, individual and country levels have been overcome, while other barriers have emerged. Innovative business models have transformed buyer-seller relationships and pushed out the frontier of what is possible to buy and sell online. This report analyses new and emerging e-commerce business models, examines e-commerce trends along a range of dimensions, and offers new insights on the policies needed to exploit the opportunities and mitigate the challenges of unlocking the potential of e-commerce for all.
    DOI: 10.1787/23561431-en
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    How's Life in the Digital Age? : Opportunities and Risks of the Digital Transformation for People's Well-being (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264311800 , 9789264313330 , 9789264313323
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (172 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als How's life in the digital age?
    Keywords: Lebensqualität ; Digitalisierung ; Sozialer Indikator ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: This report documents how the ongoing digital transformation is affecting people’s lives across the 11 key dimensions that make up the How’s Life? Well-being Framework (Income and wealth, Jobs and earnings, Housing, Health status, Education and skills, Work-life balance, Civic engagement and governance, Social connections, Environmental quality, Personal security, and Subjective well-being). A summary of existing studies highlights 39 key impacts of the digital transformation on people’s well-being. The review shows that these impacts can be positive as digital technologies expand the boundaries of information availability and enhance human productivity, but can also imply risks for people’s well-being, ranging from cyber-bullying to the emergence of disinformation or cyber-hacking. In sum, making digitalisation work for people’s well-being would require building equal digital opportunities, widespread digital literacy and strong digital security. Continued research and efforts in improving statistical frameworks will be needed to expand our knowledge on the many topics covered in this report.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264311800-en
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    An Introduction to Online Platforms and Their Role in the Digital Transformation (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264559547
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (216 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als An introduction to online platforms and their role in the digital transformation
    Keywords: Digitale Plattform ; Digitalisierung ; Science and Technology ; Dienst ; Internet ; Digitalisierung
    Abstract: Online platforms support so many of our daily activities that we have become dependent on them in our personal and professional lives. We rely on them to buy and sell goods and services, to find information online and to keep in touch with each other. We use them for entertainment, news, transportation, accommodation, finding jobs and employees, finding apps and for many other purposes. Online platforms have also raised new and important policy questions, but the businesses themselves can be more complex than they appear so they are not always well understood. This report contains detailed profiles of twelve of the world’s leading platform companies and derives insights from those profiles about what platforms actually do, how they do it, and why they succeed financially. For example, the report finds that although platforms tend to have a number of economic characteristics in common, they also vary so greatly that they cannot be compartmentalised into just a few categories, let alone a single sector. Moreover, they do not all succeed for the same reasons. In addition, although the major Chinese platforms still have a low profile within the OECD, they are in the process of expanding globally and deserve more attention.
    DOI: 10.1787/53e5f593-en
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  • 61
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    Science et intelligence artificielle : n’oublions pas le facteur humain… (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Details
    Language: French
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Science and AI: Don’t forget the human factor…
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    DOI: 10.1787/8a3c8067-fr
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  • 62
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    Experimental Finland (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Education ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Finland
    DOI: 10.1787/336216c4-en
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  • 63
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    Unconventional monetary policy and productivity : evidence on the risk-seeking channel from us corporate bond markets (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 48 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD productivity working papers no. 17 (January 2019)
    Series Statement: OECD productivity working papers
    Keywords: Unconventional monetary policy ; productivity ; capital reallocation ; bond markets ; United States ; United States ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: We examine the relationship between lax monetary policy, access to high-yield bond markets and productivity in the US between 2008 and 2016. Using monetary policy surprises, obtained from changes in interest rates futures in narrow windows around FOMC announcements, we isolate the increased access to high-yield bond markets relative to investment-grade bond markets that is due to unconventional monetary policy (UMP). We find that through the risk-taking channel, UMP has increased investors’ appetite for high-yield US corporate bonds, thereby increasing access to high-yield bond markets for firms with a higher risk profile. Since the relationship between credit ratings and firm-level productivity is U-shaped, the aggregate effect on productivity is a priori unclear. Turning to the real economy, we thus analyse whether this additional access to finance had an effect on aggregate productivity by altering the reallocation of resources across firms. Our results show that unconventional monetary policy induced less investment in tangible capital by high-productive firms. However, before drawing conclusions on the net effects of UMP on aggregate productivity, we discuss a number of issues that this paper could not deal with due to data limitations, including prominently whether this apparent misallocation may have been offset by a shift in the composition of investments towards more intangible investment.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/06d2cce0-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 64
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    Educating 21st century children : emotional well-being in the digital age (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264959941
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (280 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Educational research and innovation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Educating 21st century children
    Keywords: Kinder ; Kinderbetreuung ; Digitalisierung ; Sozialer Indikator ; Zufriedenheit ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: What is the nature of childhood today? On a number of measures, modern children’s lives have clearly improved thanks to better public safety and support for their physical and mental health. New technologies help children to learn, socialise and unwind, and older, better-educated parents are increasingly playing an active role in their children's education. At the same time, we are more connected than ever before, and many children have access to tablets and smartphones before they learn to walk and talk. Twenty-first century children are more likely to be only children, increasingly pushed to do more by “helicopter parents” who hover over their children to protect them from potential harm. In addition to limitless online opportunities, the omnipresent nature of the digital world brings new risks, like cyber-bullying, that follow children from the schoolyard into their homes. This report examines modern childhood, looking specifically at the intersection between emotional well-being and new technologies. It explores how parenting and friendships have changed in the digital age. It examines children as digital citizens, and how best to take advantage of online opportunities while minimising the risks. The volume ends with a look at how to foster digital literacy and resilience, highlighting the role of partnerships, policy and protection.
    DOI: 10.1787/b7f33425-en
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    Innovation, Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability in Latvia (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264449756 , 9789264312524 , 9789264727359
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Food and Agricultural Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Inovācijas, lauksaimniecības produktivitāte un ilgtspējība Latvijā
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation, agricultural productivity and sustainability in Latvia
    Keywords: Agrartechnik ; Innovation ; Agrarproduktion ; Produktivität ; Nachhaltigkeit ; !09137510X!f ; Agriculture and Food ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Latvia
    Abstract: Latvia, a member of the European Union since 2004, is a small, dynamic and open economy that has successfully transitioned from central planning to a market economy. The reforms undertaken have driven progress, although from generally low levels and at a slower pace in agriculture than for the economy as a whole. This report examines the conditions under which farms and businesses in the food and agriculture sector in Latvia undertake innovation to become more productive and environmentally sustainable. It identifies opportunities as well as challenges that need to be addressed. These include economy wide skills shortage, emigration and population decline and urban concentration of population and services. At the sectoral level, these include the use of agricultural payments to support a large number of non-commercial farms and the high level of unpaid farm labour. To meet these challenges, agricultural innovation can be harnessed to improve the sector’s productivity, as well as the sustainability and efficiency of the food system. This report provides a series of recommendations that should allow agricultural policies to contribute to a well-functioning innovation system that can meet the challenges that lie ahead.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264312524-en
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    The Path to Becoming a Data-Driven Public Sector (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264433045 , 9789264625273 , 9789264317635
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Axer le secteur public sur les données : marche à suivre
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The path to becoming a data-driven public sector
    RVK:
    MF 7080
    Keywords: Öffentlicher Sektor ; Digitalisierung ; E-Government ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Denmark ; Ireland ; Korea, Democratic People's Republic of ; Portugal ; Sweden ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: Twenty-first century governments must keep pace with the expectations of their citizens and deliver on the promise of the digital age. Data-driven approaches are particularly effective for meeting those expectations and rethinking the way governments and citizens interact. This report highlights the important role data can play in creating conditions that improve public services, increase the effectiveness of public spending and inform ethical and privacy considerations. It presents a data-driven public sector framework that can help countries or organisations assess the elements needed for using data to make better-informed decisions across public sectors.
    DOI: 10.1787/059814a7-en
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    Mesurer l’innovation dans l’éducation 2019 (Version abrégée) : Quels changements dans les pratiques scolaires ? (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264926493 , 9789264581647 , 9789264323919
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (164 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: La recherche et l'innovation dans l'enseignement
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Measuring Innovation in Education 2019: What Has Changed in the Classroom?
    Keywords: Education ; Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Pour améliorer l'éducation, il est capital de comprendre et de mesurer l'innovation. La base de connaissances internationales en matière d'éducation serait sensiblement élargie en assurant un suivi systématique de l'évolution des pratiques au sein des classes et dans les établissements d'éducation, du développement professionnel des enseignants, de l'utilisation des ressources pédagogiques, et des pratiques de communication des établissements d'enseignement avec leur communauté. On pourrait aussi comprendre comment sont associées les évolutions et l'innovation d'un côté et de meilleurs résultats en matière d'éducation de l'autre. Les décideurs politiques seraient ainsi à même de mieux cibler les interventions et les ressources, et d'obtenir rapidement un retour d'informations permettant de déterminer si les réformes ont modifié les pratiques éducatives conformément aux attentes. Par ailleurs, cela permettrait de mieux comprendre les conditions propices à l'innovation dans l'éducation ainsi que ses répercussions. Cette nouvelle édition de Mesurer l'innovation dans l'éducation examine ce qui a changé (ou pas) pour les étudiants pendant la dernière decénnie dans les systèmes éducatifs de l'OCDE et couvre environ 150 pratiques éducatives dans sa version originale (et un peu moins dans cette version française abrégée). Elle met en lumière l'innovation systémique dans l'enseignement primaire et secondaire, en mettant l'accent sur l'innovation pédagogique. L'utilisation de la technologie s'est-elle propagée? Les évaluations sont-elles devenues plus fréquentes? Les élèves ont-ils plus d'autonomie dans leur apprentissage? Est-ce qu'on leur demande de plus en plus de mémoriser des faits et des procédures? Est-ce que plus d’élèves ont des enseignants qui participent eux-même à des activités d’apprentissage? Voici quelques-unes des questions auxquelles répond ce livre. Des premiers pas vers l’établissement d’un lien entre l’innovation et les performances éducatives sont également réalisés. Ce livre intéressera toutes les parties prenantes désireuses de comprendre l'évolution des pratiques éducatives. Cette version abrégée ne contient, outre le résumé, que les chapitres où la majorité des indicateurs comprennent les systèmes éducatifs francophones. La version intégrale du rapport est disponible en anglais sur le site de l’OCDE.
    DOI: 10.1787/6d211378-fr
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    Artificial Intelligence in Society (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264545199 , 9789264925434 , 9789264366039
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (139 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Künstliche Intelligenz in der Gesellschaft
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 사회 속의 인공지능
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe L’intelligence artificielle dans la société
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Artificial intelligence in society
    Keywords: Künstliche Intelligenz ; Gesellschaft ; Finance and Investment ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The artificial intelligence (AI) landscape has evolved significantly from 1950 when Alan Turing first posed the question of whether machines can think. Today, AI is transforming societies and economies. It promises to generate productivity gains, improve well-being and help address global challenges, such as climate change, resource scarcity and health crises. Yet, as AI applications are adopted around the world, their use can raise questions and challenges related to human values, fairness, human determination, privacy, safety and accountability, among others. This report helps build a shared understanding of AI in the present and near-term by mapping the AI technical, economic, use case and policy landscape and identifying major public policy considerations. It is also intended to help co-ordination and consistency with discussions in other national and international fora.
    DOI: 10.1787/eedfee77-en
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    University-Industry Collaboration : New Evidence and Policy Options (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264778375
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als University-industry collaboration
    Keywords: Forschungskooperation ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; OECD ; Forschungskooperation
    Abstract: This report discusses challenges and opportunities in assessing the impacts of science-industry knowledge exchange on innovation. The report provides new evidence on joint industry-science patenting activity and academic start-ups, as well as on the impact of geographical proximity between research institutions and industry on local innovation. The report explores the complex set of knowledge-transfer channels, such as collaborative research, co-patenting, academic spinoffs, and their relative importance across science fields and industry sectors. It also experiments with using labour force survey data to assess the contributions of graduates in social sciences to different industries. Different policy mixes are used in OECD countries to stimulate science-industry knowledge transfer. This report presents a taxonomy of 21 policy instruments, which include grants for collaborative university-industry research and financial support to university spin-offs, and discusses their possible positive and negative interactions. Based on a number of country case studies, the report also sheds light on new policy approaches to support spin-off creation. The report also explores recent trends on the governance of public research of high relevance to science-industry knowledge transfer using newly developed policy indicators for 35 OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/e9c1e648-en
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    Shaping the Digital Transformation in Latin America : Strengthening Productivity, Improving Lives (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264762428
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (102 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Perfilando la transformación digital en América Latina : Mayor productividad para una vida mejor
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report discusses policies and approaches to spur sustainable and inclusive digital transformation in the LAC region across seven action areas: enhancing access to digital technologies; strengthening their effective use; enabling digital innovation; ensuring quality jobs for all; promoting an inclusive digital society; strengthening trust; and fostering market openness. The report also aims to contribute to the preparation of an action plan that will support the region’s efforts to reap the benefits of the digital transformation. This publication was prepared to support the discussions of the OECD Latin America and the Caribbean Regional Programme’s Third Ministerial Summit on Productivity “Harnessing the Digital Transformation to Boost Productivity in in Latin America and the Caribbean”. It draws on OECD work on carried out in the context of the Going Digital project, as well as a range of work specific to the LAC region, such as the OECD-IDB report Broadband Policies for Latin America and the Caribbean, the OECD Reviews of Telecommunication Policies in Mexico and Colombia, and the OECD Going Digital Reviews of Colombia and Brazil.
    DOI: 10.1787/8bb3c9f1-en
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    ¿Cómo va la vida en la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina? (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264182752 , 9789264736351 , 9789264773646
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe How's Life in the Province of Córdoba, Argentina?
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Argentina
    Abstract: Este informe evalúa el bienestar en los cuatro aglomerados urbanos más grandes de la provincia de Córdoba (Argentina) y proporciona recomendaciones de políticas para fortalecer las prácticas de desarrollo regional y, en última instancia, mejorar el bienestar de las personas. Utilizando alrededor de 30 indicadores, el informe analiza el desempeño de los aglomerados de Córdoba en 12 dimensiones de bienestar en comparación con 391 regiones de 36 países de la OCDE y 98 regiones de Brasil, Perú, Colombia y Costa Rica. El informe también documenta las desigualdades de bienestar entre los cuatro aglomerados de Córdoba y sugiere tres áreas prioritarias en las que la provincia debería enfocarse para abordar los desafíos de bienestar: i) asegurar que los indicadores de bienestar sirven para guiar la toma de decisiones en el futuro; ii) continuar fortaleciendo y modernizando el sistema estadístico provincial para expandir la base y uso de evidencia; y iii) fortalecer los mecanismos e instituciones de gobernanza para promover un desarrollo regional efectivo, eficiente e inclusivo.
    DOI: 10.1787/91dd813a-es
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    Vers le numérique : Forger des politiques au service de vies meilleures (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264815834 , 9789264924369 , 9789264592131
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Going Digital: Shaping Policies, Improving Lives
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Going Digital: Den digitalen Wandel gestalten, das Leben verbessern
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Ce rapport aide les décideurs politiques à optimiser les bénéfices de la transformation numérique pour tous, à favoriser la croissance et améliorer le bien-être. Il reflète les travaux réalisés dans le cadre du projet de l’OCDE sur la transformation numérique durant la période 2017-18 et d’autres travaux de l’OCDE dans ce domaine. Le rapport identifie les vecteurs de la transformation numérique, ainsi que des questions à mieux cerner. Il offre une vision économique et sociale holistique de ses implications sur les tendances clés, leurs effets, et les questions politiques qui en découlent, lesquelles doivent être coordonnées à travers des domaines différents. En outre, le rapport établit un agenda numérique ambitieux pour l’OCDE et au-delà.
    DOI: 10.1787/7cba1873-fr
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    How's Life in the Province of Córdoba, Argentina? (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264704541 , 9789264980709 , 9789264779822
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe ¿Cómo va la vida en la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina?
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als How's life in the province of Córdoba, Argentina?
    Keywords: Lebensqualität ; Sozialer Indikator ; Regionalökonomik ; Stadtökonomik ; Cordoba (Argentinien, Provinz) ; Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Argentina
    Abstract: This report assesses well-being in the four largest urban agglomerations of the province of Córdoba and provides policy recommendations to strengthen regional development practices, and ultimately improve people’s well-being. Using around 30 statistical indicators, the report analyses the performance of Córdoba’s agglomerations in 12 well-being dimensions in comparison with 391 regions of 36 OECD countries and 98 regions of Brazil, Peru, Colombia and Costa Rica. The report also documents the well-being inequalities between Córdoba’s four agglomerations and suggests three priorities areas which the province should focus on to tackle well-being challenges: i) Ensure that well-being indicators guide future decision-making; ii) Continue strengthening and modernising the provincial statistical system to expand the evidence-base; and, iii) Strengthen governance arrangements for more effective, efficient and inclusive regional development policy outcomes.
    DOI: 10.1787/97f189b1-en
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    La Finlande mène l’offensive contre le changement climatique au Conseil de l’Arctique (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Details
    Language: French
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Finland leads the climate charge in the Arctic Council
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Environment ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Trade ; Finland
    DOI: 10.1787/f9d9a33d-fr
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    Three reasons why Finland can stay on top (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Trois atouts qui doivent permettre à la Finlande de garder une longueur d’avance
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Education ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; Finland
    DOI: 10.1787/0c8b59ac-en
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    Digital Government Review of Sweden : Towards a Data-driven Public Sector (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264489158 , 9789264584877 , 9789264554290
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (124 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Digital government review of Sweden
    Keywords: E-Government ; Schweden ; Agriculture and Food ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Sweden ; Schweden ; Behörde ; E-Government
    Abstract: This digital government review asseses the state of data-driven policies and initiatives in the Swedish public sector. It explores the underlying institutional governance and co-ordination arrangements for digital government in the country, and their impact on policy implementation. It also discusses data-sharing and managing initiatives, data governance and open government data practices. The review looks at how Sweden could better share knowledge, promote innovation and improve collaboration both across the public sector and with external stakeholders. Finally, it highlights how the government can use data to build a closer relationship with citizens in order to address policy challenges, improve public service delivery, and, ultimately, strengthen public trust.
    DOI: 10.1787/4daf932b-en
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    Electrifying postal delivery vehicles in Korea (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: International Transport Forum policy papers no. 73
    Series Statement: Decarbonising transport
    Series Statement: International Transport Forum policy papers
    Keywords: Postsektor ; Kurierdienst ; Motorrad ; Elektrofahrzeug ; Südkorea ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Transport ; Korea, Republic of ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report evaluates the costs and benefits of replacing postal delivery motorcycles with electric vehicles in eight Korean cities. It compares operating costs, safety performance, and environmental impacts based on data collected from a field trial with both vehicle types. In addition to the economic analysis, qualitative aspects are also discussed based on the findings of a focus group study. The results from the pilot programme provide an evidence base for policy initiatives in the delivery sector in Korea and beyond.
    DOI: 10.1787/fb9f5812-en
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  • 78
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    Supporting entrepreneurship and innovation in higher education in Austria (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264816244 , 9789264679412 , 9789264874848
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (138 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Supporting entrepreneurship and innovation in higher education in Austria
    Keywords: Gründungsausbildung ; Innovation ; Hochschule ; Technologiepolitik ; Hochschulmanagement ; Österreich ; Education ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Austria
    Abstract: The Austrian higher education system has consistently recognised the need to become more entrepreneurial and innovative with a view to supporting the economic, social and cultural development of the country and its regions. Over the past decades, the government has been implementing a broad reform agenda to provide strategic funding, diversify higher education institutions (HEIs) and promote an allocation of students that improves the quality of services and empowers them vis à vis the future of work and society. This review illustrates policy actions promoting the development of entrepreneurial and innovative activities in the Higher Education System and individual HEIs. In addition, based on information gathered during study visits, the review discusses strategies and practices adopted by Austrian HEIs to innovate, engage, and generate value for their own ecosystems and networks. The review is part of a series of national reports implementing the HEinnovate framework. HEinnovate is a holistic framework that the OECD and the European Commission have developed to promote the “entrepreneurial and innovation agenda” in higher education.
    DOI: 10.1787/1c45127b-en
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  • 79
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    Health in the 21st Century : Putting Data to Work for Stronger Health Systems (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264793385 , 9789264597532 , 9789264355514
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (210 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Health in the 21st century
    Keywords: Gesundheitspolitik ; Datenverarbeitung ; Big Data ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Digitalisierung ; Gesundheitswesen
    Abstract: This report explores how data and digital technology can help achieve policy objectives and drive positive transformation in the health sector while managing new risks such as privacy, equity and implementation costs. It examines the following topics: improving service delivery models; empowering people to take an active role in their health and their care; improving public health; managing biomedical technologies; enabling better collaboration across borders; and improving health system governance and stewardship. It also examines how health workforces should be equipped to make the most of digital technology. The report contains findings from surveys of OECD countries and shares a range of examples that illustrate the potential benefits as well as challenges of the digital transformation in the health sector. Findings and recommendations are relevant for policymakers, health care providers, payers, industry as well as patients, citizens and civil society.
    DOI: 10.1787/e3b23f8e-en
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  • 80
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    Manuel d’Oslo 2018 : Lignes directrices pour le recueil, la communication et l’utilisation des données sur l’innovation, 4ème édition (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264871311 , 9789264640115 , 9789264335356
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (284 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Mesurer les activités scientifiques, technologiques et d'innovation
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Oslo Manual 2018: Guidelines for Collecting, Reporting and Using Data on Innovation, 4th Edition
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Oslo vadovas 2018: Duomenų apie inovacijas rinkimo, teikimo ir naudojimo gairės, Ketvirtasis Leidimas Mokslinės, technologinės ir inovacinės veiklos vertinimas
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Qu'est-ce que l'innovation et comment s'y prendre pour la mesurer ? Comprendre l'échelle des activités d'innovation, les caractéristiques des entreprises innovantes, ainsi que les facteurs internes et systémiques en jeu est une condition préalable essentielle à la mise en œuvre et l'analyse des politiques destinées à stimuler l'innovation. Paru pour la première fois en 1992, le Manuel d'Oslo s'est imposé comme une référence internationale pour la collecte et l'utilisation des données sur l'innovation. Pour cette quatrième édition, le manuel a été étoffé afin de couvrir un éventail plus large de phénomènes liés à l'innovation et de tenir compte de l'expérience acquise au fil des cycles récents des enquêtes connexes réalisées dans les pays de l'OCDE, dans les économies partenaires et par d'autres organisations.
    DOI: 10.1787/c76f1c7b-fr
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  • 81
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    Safety Assessment of Foods and Feeds Derived from Transgenic Crops, Volume 3 : Common bean, Rice, Cowpea and Apple Compositional Considerations (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264913608 , 9789264386464 , 9789264424371
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (152 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Novel Food and Feed Safety
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Safety assessment of foods and feeds derived from transgenic crops ; volume 3: Common bean, rice, cowpea and apple compositional considerations
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: This volume compiles the consensus documents developed by the OECD Working Group for the Safety of Novel Foods and Feeds from 2015 to 2019. It deals with the composition of common bean, rice, cowpea and apple, four important crops for agriculture and food consumption worldwide. The science-based information collated here is intended for use during the regulatory assessment of food/feed products derived from modern biotechnology, i.e. issued from transgenic plants. Compositional considerations are provided for each species, including tables detailing the key nutrients, anti-nutrients, possible toxicants, allergens and other metabolites contained in the products. This essential information and solid data can be used in the comparative approach as part of the novel food/feed safety assessment. It should be of value to crop breeders and applicants for commercial uses of novel foods and feeds, to regulators and risk assessors in national authorities, as well as the wider scientific community. More information can be found at BioTrack Online.
    DOI: 10.1787/f04f3c98-en
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  • 82
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    Pharmaceutical Residues in Freshwater : Hazards and Policy Responses (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264977419 , 9789264504684 , 9789264535442
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (136 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Water
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Pharmaceutical residues in freshwater
    Keywords: Arzneimittel ; Wasserversorgung ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Wasserverschmutzung ; Arzneimittel
    Abstract: This report calls for a better understanding of the effects of pharmaceutical residues in the environment, greater international collaboration and accountability distribution, and policy actions to prevent and remedy emerging concerns. Laboratory and field tests show traces of oral contraceptives causing the feminisation of fish and amphibians, and residues of psychiatric drugs altering fish behaviour. Antimicrobial resistance, linked to the overuse of antibiotics, has rapidly escalated into a global health crisis. Unless adequate measures are taken to manage the risks, pharmaceutical residues will increasingly be released into the environment as ageing populations, advances in healthcare, and intensification of meat and fish production spur the demand for pharmaceuticals worldwide. The report outlines a collective, life-cycle approach to managing pharmaceuticals in the environment. A policy mix of source-directed, use-orientated and end-of-pipe measures, involving several policy sectors, can help to improve health and protect the environment.
    DOI: 10.1787/c936f42d-en
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  • 83
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    Digital opportunities for better agricultural policies (2019)
    [Paris] : OECD | Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264641297 , 9789264563414 , 9789264887855
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (232 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Parallel Title: Available in another form
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Digital opportunities for better agricultural policies
    Keywords: Agrarpolitik ; Digitalisierung ; Landwirtschaft ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Recent digital innovations provide opportunities to deliver better policies for the agriculture sector by helping to overcome information gaps and asymmetries, lower policy-related transaction costs, and enable people with different preferences and incentives to work better together. Drawing on ten illustrative case studies and unique new data gathered via an OECD questionnaire on agri-environmental policy organisations' experiences with digital tools, this report explores opportunities to improve current agricultural and agri-environmental policies, and to deliver new, digitally enabled and information-rich policy approaches. It also considers challenges that organisations may face to make greater use of digital tools for policy, as well as new risks which increased use of digital tools may bring. The report provides practical advice on how policy makers can address challenges and mitigate risks to ensure digital opportunities for policy are realised in practice. Finally, the report briefly considers the broader regulatory and policy environment underpinning digitalisation of the agriculture sector, with the view to ensuring that use of digital tools for agricultural and agri-environmental policy remains coherent with the digitalisation of agriculture more generally.
    Note: Literaturangaben
    DOI: 10.1787/571a0812-en
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  • 84
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    Digital Innovation : Seizing Policy Opportunities (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264674011
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (88 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Digital innovation
    Keywords: Digitalisierung ; Innovation ; Technologiepolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Digitalisierung ; Innovation ; Technologiepolitik
    Abstract: This report discusses how the digital transformation – digital technologies, data and software, AI-based analytics and other advances – is changing innovation processes and outcomes. It highlights the general trends across the economy and factors behind sector-specific dynamics, including increasing use of data as a key input for innovation, the expanding possibilities for experimentation offered by virtual simulation, 3D printing and other digital technologies, and the growing focus on services innovation enabled by digital technologies. In view of such changes, this report evaluates how innovation policies should adapt to foster innovation and inclusive development in the digital age, and identifies priority areas for policy action. It also explores novel innovation policy approaches implemented by countries to foster digital technology adoption and collaborative innovation.
    DOI: 10.1787/a298dc87-en
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  • 85
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    Inovācijas, lauksaimniecības produktivitāte un ilgtspējība Latvijā (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264864689
    Language: Latvian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (215 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Innovation, Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability in Latvia
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Latvia
    Abstract: Latvijai, kas ir Eiropas Savienības dalībvalsts kopš 2004. gada, ir maza, dinamiska un atvērta ekonomika, kas veiksmīgi pārgājusi no centrālās plānošanas uz tirgus ekonomiku. Uzsāktās reformas ir veicinājušas progresu, lai gan kopumā no zema starta līmeņa un lauksaimniecībā lēnākā tempā nekā ekonomikā kopumā. Šajā ziņojumā aplūkoti apstākļi, kādos Latvijas pārtikas un lauksaimniecības nozares saimniecības un uzņēmumi veic inovācijas, lai kļūtu produktīvāki un videi draudzīgāki. Tajā apzinātas iespējas, kā arī problēmas, kas vēl jārisina. To skaitā ir prasmju nepietiekamība, emigrācija un iedzīvotāju skaita samazināšanās, kā arī iedzīvotāju un pakalpojumu koncentrācija pilsētās, kas skar visu tautsaimniecību. Nozares līmenī ir problēmas ar lauksaimniecības atbalsta maksājumu izmantošanu nekomerciālu saimniecību atbalstam un augsts neapmaksātā darbaspēka līmenis lauku saimniecībās. Risinot šīs problēmas, lauksaimniecības inovācijas var izmantot, lai uzlabotu nozares produktivitāti, kā arī pārtikas sistēmas ilgtspēju un efektivitāti. Šajā pārskatā sniegti vairāki ieteikumi, kas ļautu lauksaimniecības politikai veicināt labi funkcionējošu inovācijas sistēmu, kura spētu risināt nākotnes problēmas.
    DOI: 10.1787/279bde8c-lv
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  • 86
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    L’intelligence artificielle dans la société (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264686823 , 9789264943124 , 9789264353343
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (175 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Künstliche Intelligenz in der Gesellschaft
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 사회 속의 인공지능
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Artificial Intelligence in Society
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Le paysage technique de l’intelligence artificielle (IA) s’est métamorphosé depuis 1950, lorsqu’Alan Turing s’interrogeait pour la première fois sur la capacité des machines à penser. Aujourd’hui, l’IA transforme les économies et les sociétés. Elle promet de générer des gains de productivité, d’améliorer le bien-être et de contribuer à apporter des solutions aux défis mondiaux que sont, par exemple, le changement climatique, l’épuisement des ressources et les crises sanitaires. Cependant, à l’heure où ces applications sont adoptées à travers le monde, leur utilisation soulève un certain nombre d’interrogations et de difficultés ayant trait, entre autres, aux valeurs humaines, à l’équité, à la détermination humaine, à la protection de la vie privée, à la sécurité et à la responsabilité. Le présent rapport contribue à faire émerger une compréhension commune de l’IA, sous sa forme actuelle et dans son évolution à court terme, à travers des relevés du paysage technique, économique, pratique et réglementaire de l’IA et la mise en évidence de grandes considérations de politique publique. Il contribue également à un débat coordonné et cohérent entre les diverses enceintes nationales et internationales.
    DOI: 10.1787/b7f8cd16-fr
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  • 87
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    OECD Review of Higher Education, Research and Innovation: Portugal (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264308138 , 9789264390973 , 9789264814479
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (268 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD review of higher education, research and innovation
    Keywords: Hochschule ; Innovation ; Technologie ; Hochschulpolitik ; Produktivität ; Portugal ; Education ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Portugal ; Portugal ; Hochschule ; Innovation ; Technologie ; Hochschulpolitik
    Abstract: Portugal aims to develop a more innovative, inclusive and productive economy, and to ensure that the ensuing benefits are widely distributed, regionally and socially. This report assesses the extent to which Portugal’s higher education, research and innovation system is well configured to help Portugal achieve its vision of inclusive innovation, and identify which policy options might help it achieve its goals. The assessment and the related recommendations focus on: 1) governance, strategy and funding in higher education, research and innovation; 2) the missions, profiles and use of resources of higher education institutions; 3) undergraduate and master’s level education activities; 4) doctoral training activities; 5) academic careers; 6) high-skill employment and business innovation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264308138-en
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  • 88
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    The Space Economy in Figures : How Space Contributes to the Global Economy (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264987272 , 9789264805958 , 9789264550100
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The space economy in figures
    Keywords: Raumfahrt ; Luftfahrtindustrie ; Welt ; Education ; Energy ; Environment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Raumfahrt ; Luft- und Raumfahrtindustrie
    Abstract: The space economy is expanding and becoming increasingly global, driven by the development of ever-more governmental space programmes around the world, the multiplication of commercial actors in value chains, durable digitalisation trends, and new space systems coming of age. This report describes these emerging trends using new and internationally comparable data and indicators. It highlights the growing importance of space activities for the economy, for developing country strategies (based on original official development assistance statistics), for the pursuit of knowledge and scientific discoveries, and for society in general. To get the most out of space investments and promote sustained socio-economic growth, this report provides some recommendations to countries in building up their statistical evidence on space actors and activities.
    DOI: 10.1787/c5996201-en
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  • 89
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    Enhancing Access to and Sharing of Data : Reconciling Risks and Benefits for Data Re-use across Societies (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264704626 , 9789264317208 , 9789264660656
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (135 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Enhancing access to and sharing of data
    Keywords: Informationsmanagement ; Datenverarbeitung ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report examines the opportunities of enhancing access to and sharing of data (EASD) in the context of the growing importance of artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things. It discusses how EASD can maximise the social and economic value of data re-use and how the related risks and challenges can be addressed. It highlights the trade-offs, complementarities and possible unintended consequences of policy action – and inaction. It also provides examples of EASD approaches and policy initiatives in OECD countries and partner economies.
    DOI: 10.1787/276aaca8-en
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  • 90
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    The Supply of Medical Isotopes : An Economic Diagnosis and Possible Solutions (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264544703 , 9789264457188 , 9789264625099
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (130 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The supply of medical isotopes
    Keywords: Medizinprodukt ; Strahlentherapie ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Nuklearmedizin
    Abstract: This report explores the main reasons behind the unreliable supply of Technetium-99m (Tc-99m) in health-care systems and policy options to address the issue. Tc-99m is used in 85% of nuclear medicine diagnostic scans performed worldwide – around 30 million patient examinations every year. These scans allow diagnoses of diseases in many parts of the human body, including the skeleton, heart and circulatory system, and the brain. Medical isotopes are subject to radioactive decay and have to be delivered just-in-time through a complex supply chain. However, ageing production facilities and a lack of investment have made the supply of Tc-99m unreliable. This report analyses the use and substitutability of Tc-99m in health care, health-care provider payment mechanisms for scans, and the structure of the supply chain. It concludes that the main reasons for unreliable supply are that production is not economically viable and that the structure of the supply chain prevents producers from charging prices that reflect the full costs of production and supply.
    DOI: 10.1787/9b326195-en
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  • 91
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    Impacts of technology use on children : Exploring literature on the brain, cognition and well-being (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (45 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.195
    Keywords: Education ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Children in the 21st century are avid users of technology - more so than generations past. This rise in use has led to much attention on the consequences of technology use, and how this impacts children’s brains and their socio-emotional, cognitive and physical development. Much of the research in these fields, especially brain-based research, is in its infancy. Furthermore, it often shows very small correlations between technology use and child outcomes; whether technology causes these outcomes is unclear, and small effect sizes bring questions about real-life implications for children. Despite these issues, policy-makers in various countries have set guidelines for technology use in children, which are often restriction-focused. This paper explores some of the literature on the effects of technology use on children in terms of their brain, cognitive, socio-emotional and physical development, and summarises what is clearly demonstrated in the literature. It also highlights where more quality research is needed to better understand the impact of technology on children, and support the development of effective, evidence-based guidelines.
    DOI: 10.1787/8296464e-en
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  • 92
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    La transformation numérique : Retour vers le futur (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Details
    Language: French
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Going digital: Back to the future
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    DOI: 10.1787/6518df3d-fr
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  • 93
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    Innovation, Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability in China (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264085299 , 9789264307162 , 9789264307179
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Food and Agricultural Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation, agricultural productivity and sustainability in China
    Keywords: Innovation ; Agrartechnik ; Umwelttechnik ; Agrarproduktion ; Produktivität ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; China ; Agriculture and Food ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: The expansion of agricultural production in China has been remarkable, but at the expense of the sustainable use of its natural resources. To counter this, as well as to face problems due to rising labour costs and a rapidly ageing rural population, agricultural production must concentrate on a smaller number of more productive farms. It is in this light that this report reviews recent policy developments to assess whether they have been conducive to productivity growth and environmental sustainability. It finds that the conditions for structural change and innovation at the farm level in China could be further improved by securing the long-term stability of land rights as well as reducing transaction costs. Greater policy coherence with agri-environmental policy objectives could also be achieved through stricter enforcement of environmental regulations. Finally, the agricultural innovation system could play a greater role by placing the focus on public agricultural R&D in areas such as the environment and resource conservation, and in other areas which do not attract much private sector investment.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264085299-en
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  • 94
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    Digital Government Review of Morocco : Laying the Foundations for the Digital Transformation of the Public Sector in Morocco (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264298729
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (132 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Revue du gouvernement numérique du Maroc : Jeter les bases de la transformation numérique du secteur public au Maroc
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Digital government review of Morocco
    Keywords: E-Government ; Öffentlicher Sektor ; Internet ; Marokko ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Morocco
    Abstract: Morocco aims to become a major industrial hub in Africa. To do so, it is taking steps to transform its administration and ensure the sustainable growth of its emerging digital economy and society. This review analyses the efforts under way to integrate digital technologies in the public sector, and provides policy advice to support the Kingdom of Morocco in implementing a strategic digital government policy.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264298729-en
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  • 95
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    Promoting the Digital Transformation of African Portuguese-Speaking Countries and Timor-Leste (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264307131 , 9789264311107 , 9789264311114
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (136 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Promovendo a Transformação Digital dos Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa e Timor-Leste (PALOP-TL)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Promoting the digital transformation of African Portuguese-speaking countries and Timor-Leste
    Keywords: E-Government ; Digitalisierung ; Lusofones Afrika ; Timor Leste ; Governance ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Timor-Leste ; Afrika ; Portugiesisches Sprachgebiet ; Timor ; E-Government ; Digitalisierung
    Abstract: The public sectors of African Portuguese-speaking countries and Timor-Leste (PALOP-TL) have made significant progress in mobilising digital technologies to promote internal efficiency, simplify government procedures and improve the delivery of public services. Nevertheless, fully harnessing these technologies to improve growth, opportunities for income and employment, and public service delivery requires a more profound shift from efficiency-driven to citizen-driven approaches. This cross-country review of the digital transformation of the public sectors in Angola, Cabo Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, Sao Tome and Principe and Timor-Leste reviews progress towards digital government and suggests strategies for enabling more effective, collaborative and sustainable digital government policies and approaches in PALOP-TL countries. These recommendations address three main areas: digital solutions for the delivery of core government functions, foundations for a digital government transformation, and digital services for citizens and businesses.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264307131-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    The long flight towards clean aviation (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Energy ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Transport ; Economics ; Industry and Services
    DOI: 10.1787/5777cef8-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 97
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    What is a systems approach? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    DOI: 10.1787/51e1a91d-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 98
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    OECD Observer Roundtable on local firms and automation (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (10 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/edb193aa-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 99
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    ICT Access and Use by Businesses (Edition 2018) (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Telecommunications and Internet Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The ICT Access and Usage by Businesses database provides a selection of 42 indicators, based on the 2nd revision of the OECD Model Survey on ICT Access and Usage by Businesses. The selected indicators originate from two sources: 1. An OECD data collection on the following OECD and accession countries: Australia, Canada, Colombia, Japan, Korea, Mexico, New Zealand, Switzerland and the United States. Data collection methodology followed by these countries is available in each respective country metadata file. 2. Eurostat Statistics on Businesses for the OECD countries that are part of the European Statistical system. For those countries, indicators shown in this database refer to the original indicator as published by EUROSTAT -see the correspondence table-. Please refer to Eurostat methodology to access the methodological information. For all countries, breakdowns used correspond to those of EUROSTAT, unless otherwise stated in the metadata.
    DOI: 10.1787/34cec850-en
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  • 100
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    Broadband database (Edition 2018) (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Telecommunications and Internet Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The broadband database on information and communication technology (ICT) contains indicators on wireless and fixed broadband usage, access and diffusion to OECD households, individuals and businesses.
    DOI: 10.1787/9849a7ec-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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