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  • 2020-2024
  • 1970-1974  (147)
  • Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands  (145)
  • Frankfurt am Main :Suhrkamp,
  • Stuttgart : Kohlhammer
  • Philosophy (General)  (106)
  • Social sciences  (41)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Phenomenological Realism of the Possible Worlds : The ‘A Priori’, Activity and Passivity of Consciousness, Phenomenology and Nature Papers and Debate of the Second International Conference Held by the International Husserl and Phenomenological Research Society New York, N. Y., September 4-9, 1972 (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401021630
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 386 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 3
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Phenomenology ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Inaugural Lecture -- Imaginado Creatrix: The Creative versus the Constitutive Function of Man, and the Possible Worlds -- I / The A Prior -- Welcoming Remarks -- Life-world and A Priori in Husserl’s Later Thought -- The Transcendental A Priori in Husserl and Kant -- The Affective A Priori -- Special Contribution to the Debate: The Life-World and the A Priori — Opposites or Complementaries? -- Special Contribution to the Debate: The A Priori of Taste -- Consciousness and Action in Ingarden’s Thought -- The A Priori in Ingarden’s Theory of Meaning -- Discussion -- II / Activity and Passivity of Consciousness -- The Activity of Consciousness: Husserl and Bergson -- Problems of Continuity in the Perceptual Process -- The A Priori Moment of the Subject-Object Dialectic in Transcendental Phenomenology: The Relation-ship between A Priori and Ideality -- Special Contribution to the Debate: Passivity and Activity of Consciousness in Husserl -- III / Phenomenology and Nature -- Sense-Experience: A Stereoscopic View -- Freedom, Self-Reflection and Inter-subjectivity or Psychoanalysis and the Limits of the Phenomenological Method -- Discussion -- Constitution and Intentionality in Psychosis -- Scientific Information Function and Ingarden’s Theory of Forms in the Constitution of the Real World -- Discussion -- Complementary Essays -- Le platonisme de Husserl -- Art, Imagination, and the A Priori.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2163-0
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hegel and the History of Philosophy : Proceedings of the 1972 HEGEL SOCIETY OF AMERICA Conference (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401016575
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (256p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern
    Abstract: I. “The Pilgrimage of Truth through Time: The Conception of the History of Philosophy in G.W.F. Hegel” -- II. “Hegel as Historian of Philosophy” -- III. “The History of Philosophy and the Phenomenology of Spirit” -- IV. “Hegelianism and Platonism” -- V. “On Hegel’s Platonism” -- VI. “Cartesian Doubt and Hegelian Negation” -- VII. “Liebniz and Hegel on Language” -- VIII. “Hegel’s Critique of Kant” -- IX. “Kant and Hegel on Practical Reason” -- X. “Moral Autonomy in Kant and Hegel” -- XI. “Hegel and Solovyov” -- XII. “Hegel and Peirce”.
    Abstract: The papers published here were given at the second biennial conference of the Hegel Society of America, held at the University of Notre Dame, November 9-11, 1972. They appear in an order which reflects roughly two headings: (1) Hegel's conception of the history of philosophy in general, and (2) his relation to individual thinkers both before and after him. Given the importance of the history of philosophy for Hegel, and the far-reaching impact of his thought upon subsequent philosophy, it becomes immediately apparent that we have here only a beginning. At the conference, cries went up "Why not Hegel and Aristotle, Aquinas, HusserI and Hart­ mann?" Indeed, why not? The answer, of course, might be given by Hegel himself : if we wish to accomplish anything, we have to limit ourselves. We trust that future conferences and scholarship will bring to light these relationships and the many more which testify to Hegel's profound presence in the mainstream of past and present thought. It is furthermore no accident that the renaissance of Hegelian studies has brought with it a rebirth of the history of philosophy as something relevant to our own problems. For Hegel, the object of philosophy is alone the truth, the history of philosophy is philosophy itself, and this truth which it gives us cannot be what has passed away.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. “The Pilgrimage of Truth through Time: The Conception of the History of Philosophy in G.W.F. Hegel”II. “Hegel as Historian of Philosophy” -- III. “The History of Philosophy and the Phenomenology of Spirit” -- IV. “Hegelianism and Platonism” -- V. “On Hegel’s Platonism” -- VI. “Cartesian Doubt and Hegelian Negation” -- VII. “Liebniz and Hegel on Language” -- VIII. “Hegel’s Critique of Kant” -- IX. “Kant and Hegel on Practical Reason” -- X. “Moral Autonomy in Kant and Hegel” -- XI. “Hegel and Solovyov” -- XII. “Hegel and Peirce”.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-1657-5
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Reason and Conduct in Hume and his Predecessors (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401164320
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (190p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern
    Abstract: One : Moral Philosophy and its Method -- I. Aim of Moral Philosophy -- II. Method -- III. Justification of the Method -- Two : Impressions and Ideas -- I. Impressions and Ideas Differ in Kind -- II. Distinctions in Kind -- III. The Criterion of Force and Vivacity -- IV. The Criterion of Substantial Existence -- V. Impressions are Paradigmatic; Ideas are Derivative -- VI. The Role of Force and Vivacity -- VII. Further Confirmation Provided by the Missing Shade of Blue -- Three : Hume’s Analysis of Reason -- I. Three Senses of Reason -- II. Causal Reasoning -- III. Distinctions of Reason -- IV. Reason as the Comparison of Ideas -- Four : Reason and Conduct in Hume’s Predecessors -- I. Ralph Cudworth -- II. Samuel Clarke -- III. William Wollaston -- Five : Hume contra the Rationalists -- I. Introduction -- II. Critique of Wollaston -- III. Critique of Clarke -- Six : Reason and the Will -- I. Introduction -- II. The Alleged Combat Between Reason and Passion -- Seven : Reason and Moral Conduct -- I. How Moral Rules are Obtained : The Three Stages in Hume’s Argument -- II. The First Stage : The “Is-Ought” Passage -- III. The Second Stage : Examining the Impressions which Give Rise to Moral Distinctions -- IV. The Third Stage : Proving that Moral Rules Can only be Obtained from the Moral Impressions Identified in the Second Stage -- Conclusion.
    Abstract: Can reason play a significant role in making moral distinctions and in generating moral precepts? In this book I attempt to provide Hume's answers to these questions in the light of his employment of the 'Experimen­ tal Method', his doctrine of perceptions, and his analysis of reason. In addition to this, attention is paid to some of Hume's rationalist predeces­ sors - most notably, Samuel Clarke and William Wollaston - in order to assess Hume's critique of the rationalists. Regarding the preparation of this book I wish to thank Professor Ronald J. Butler who introduced me to Hume's writings. Professors W. J. Huggett, R. F. McRae, and F. E. Sparshott each read the original draft of this book and provided me with extremely valuable comments and criticisms. My wife Barbara Tweyman and my mother Fay Tweyman provided me with constant support throughout the time I was preparing this book, and for this, as well as for many other things, I will always be grateful. My father-in-law, the late Joseph Millstone, a man I dearly loved and respected, also provided me with support during the time I was working on this book. His death is for me an incalculable loss, and his memory is something I will always cherish.
    Description / Table of Contents: One : Moral Philosophy and its MethodI. Aim of Moral Philosophy -- II. Method -- III. Justification of the Method -- Two : Impressions and Ideas -- I. Impressions and Ideas Differ in Kind -- II. Distinctions in Kind -- III. The Criterion of Force and Vivacity -- IV. The Criterion of Substantial Existence -- V. Impressions are Paradigmatic; Ideas are Derivative -- VI. The Role of Force and Vivacity -- VII. Further Confirmation Provided by the Missing Shade of Blue -- Three : Hume’s Analysis of Reason -- I. Three Senses of Reason -- II. Causal Reasoning -- III. Distinctions of Reason -- IV. Reason as the Comparison of Ideas -- Four : Reason and Conduct in Hume’s Predecessors -- I. Ralph Cudworth -- II. Samuel Clarke -- III. William Wollaston -- Five : Hume contra the Rationalists -- I. Introduction -- II. Critique of Wollaston -- III. Critique of Clarke -- Six : Reason and the Will -- I. Introduction -- II. The Alleged Combat Between Reason and Passion -- Seven : Reason and Moral Conduct -- I. How Moral Rules are Obtained : The Three Stages in Hume’s Argument -- II. The First Stage : The “Is-Ought” Passage -- III. The Second Stage : Examining the Impressions which Give Rise to Moral Distinctions -- IV. The Third Stage : Proving that Moral Rules Can only be Obtained from the Moral Impressions Identified in the Second Stage -- Conclusion.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-6432-0
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cosmogony and Creation in Balinese Tradition (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401505161
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 179 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Bibliotheca Indonesica 9
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences
    Abstract: I. Introduction -- II. The Six Best Sources of Information -- 1. Introduction and Table of Contents -- 2. Text, Translation and Notes -- III. The Litany of The Resi Bhujangga -- 1. Introduction and Table of MSS used -- 2. Text, Translation and Notes -- IV. Kanda MPAT (The Four Elder Brothers/Sisters) -- Drawings -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Summary of Weck’s main findings with balians, a–y -- 3. The Four and the others priests, z 1–11 -- 4. The Four in Recent Publications,1–7 -- V. Mainly on Panca-Kosika (The Five Seers) -- 1. Pañca-Kosika in the Writings from the Past -- 2. Pañca-Kosika in the texts and in the rituals of Bali’s various priests, A–Y -- 3. The most recent Publications about the four, Z 1–4 -- 4. The seers Kosika, Garga, Métri, Pratanjala individually -- VI. Final Word -- Final Word -- Manuscripts Consulted.
    Abstract: Life is stranger than fiction. Considerably so. Judge from this: The Javanese develop a feeling towards their afterbirth, wbich is not thrown away at birth in the heathenish Western way, but which gets a decent burial and has the name: ari-ari, younger brother (- sister) . I know of a Javanese schoolgirl who wTote in an essay: "How couldn't I have tender feelings towards the spot where my ari-ari lies buried?" The Balinese are in the happy position of having no less than four elder brothers (sisters). The 'concomitants of physical birth', being the amniotic fluid, the blood, the vernix caseosa and the afterbirth together are the baby's kanda mpat, bis four elder brothers, or her elder ~isters in the case of a girl. Though the first three, due to their liquid state, mostly disappear and receive little care, the ari-ari is carefully buried under a round riverstone of about one foot in diameter, for a boy at the one side of the steps leading to the sleeping house, for a girl at the other side. The innumerable writipgs, partially or completely dealing with the kanda mpat, do not weary from inculcating their readers that the four are helpful as long as one gives them the (material) food and reverential thoughts they are entitled to, in which case they from their side behave as true eIder brothers. U. however, one neglects and ignores them, they punish their younger brother.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. IntroductionII. The Six Best Sources of Information -- 1. Introduction and Table of Contents -- 2. Text, Translation and Notes -- III. The Litany of The Resi Bhujangga -- 1. Introduction and Table of MSS used -- 2. Text, Translation and Notes -- IV. Kanda MPAT (The Four Elder Brothers/Sisters) -- Drawings -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Summary of Weck’s main findings with balians, a-y -- 3. The Four and the others priests, z 1-11 -- 4. The Four in Recent Publications,1-7 -- V. Mainly on Panca-Kosika (The Five Seers) -- 1. Pañca-Kosika in the Writings from the Past -- 2. Pañca-Kosika in the texts and in the rituals of Bali’s various priests, A-Y -- 3. The most recent Publications about the four, Z 1-4 -- 4. The seers Kosika, Garga, Métri, Pratanjala individually -- VI. Final Word -- Final Word -- Manuscripts Consulted.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-0516-1
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  • 5
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    Max Scheler (1874-1928) Centennial Essays (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401164344
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (186p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern
    Abstract: The Articulated Unity of Being in Scheler’s Phenomenology. Basic Drive and Spirit -- Thought, Values, and Action -- Person, Death, and World -- Peace and Pacifism -- Metaphysics and Art. Translated by Manfred S. Frings -- The Meaning of Suffering. Translated by Daniel Liderbach, S.J. -- Bibliography (1963–1974) -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: It is the purpose of these essays to commemorate the one hundredth birthday of the philosopher Max Scheler. On this centennial occasion it may be appropriate to recall the first two major works of the philosopher's life. Scheler is known mostly as the author of a monumental work on ethics, entitled: Der Formalismus in der Ethik und die materiale Wertethik (Formalism in Ethics and Non-Formal Ethics of Values), which is the only existing foundation of ethics written by a European philosopher in this century. Although its two parts were published separately (1913/1916) because of circumstances during World War I, all manuscripts had been finished by Scheler prior to the outbreak of the war. His ethics has been translated into various languages, including a recent translation in English. In the same year (1913) Scheler also published another major work which dealt with the phenomenology of sympathetic feelings, and which is translated into English under the title of the enlarged second and following editions: The Nature of Sympathy.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Articulated Unity of Being in Scheler’s Phenomenology. Basic Drive and SpiritThought, Values, and Action -- Person, Death, and World -- Peace and Pacifism -- Metaphysics and Art. Translated by Manfred S. Frings -- The Meaning of Suffering. Translated by Daniel Liderbach, S.J. -- Bibliography (1963-1974) -- Index of Names.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-6434-4
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  • 6
    Online Resource
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    Kant’s Theory of Knowledge : Selected Papers from the Third International Kant Congress (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401022941
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (226p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern
    Abstract: I Aspects of Kant’s Method in the Theory of Knowledge -- Are Transcendental Deductions Impossible? -- The Ptolemaic Counter-Revolution -- II Linguistic and Transcendental Themes -- From Kant to Peirce: The Semiotical Transformation of Transcendental Logic -- B 132 Revisited -- Phenomena and Noumena: On the Use and Meaning of the Categories -- III Analytic and Synthetic Judgments -- Concepts, Objects and the Analytic in Kant -- Non-Pure Synthetic A Priori Judgments in the Critique of Pure Reason -- Extensional and Intensional Interpretation of Synthetic Propositions A Priori -- On Kant, Frege, Analyticity and the Theory of Reference -- IV Space -- The Meaning of ‘space’ in Kant -- Absolute Space and Absolute Motion in Kant’s Critical Philosophy -- Onthe Subjectivity of Objective Space -- V Causality and the Laws of Nature -- Transcendental Affinity — Kant’s Answer to Hume -- The Conception of Lawlikeness in Kant’s Philosophy of Science -- The Status of Kant’s Theory of Matter -- VI The Thing in Itself -- Kant’s Theory of the Structure of Empirical Scientific Inquiry and Two Implied Postulates Regarding Things in Themselves -- The Unknowability of Things in Themselves -- Noumenal Causality -- VII Kant and Some Modern Critics -- Kant and Anglo-Saxon Criticism -- On Kant and the Refutation of Subjectivism 208.
    Abstract: The Third International Kant Congress met in Rochester, New York, March 30 to April 4, 1970. The Proceedings, published by D. Reidel Publishing Company in 1972, contained 76 complete papers and 30 ab­ stracts in three languages. Since this large volume covered many phases of Kant's philosophy from a wide variety of standpoints, it is unlikely that the entire contents of it will be of interest to anyone philosopher. I have therefore selected from that volume the 20 papers that seem to me to be most likely to be of interest to English-speaking philosophers who are, to use a fairly vague description, in the 'analytical tradition'. The topics treated here are those which are most relevant to current philosoph­ ical debate in the theory of knowledge, philosophy of mind, and the philosophy of science. The division of papers under the seven principal topics, however, is in some respects a little arbitrary. I hope this little volume, published 250 years after Kant's birth, will show philosophers who are not already convinced that Kant is one of the most contemporary of the great philosophers of the past. I believe that the efforts of the authors of the papers will show that there can be genuine Kantian contributions towards the solution of problems that have fre­ quently been handled in opposition to, or obliviousness of, the eighteenth­ century philosopher who did more than anyone else to formulate the problems which still worry philosophers in the analytic tradition.
    Description / Table of Contents: I Aspects of Kant’s Method in the Theory of KnowledgeAre Transcendental Deductions Impossible? -- The Ptolemaic Counter-Revolution -- II Linguistic and Transcendental Themes -- From Kant to Peirce: The Semiotical Transformation of Transcendental Logic -- B 132 Revisited -- Phenomena and Noumena: On the Use and Meaning of the Categories -- III Analytic and Synthetic Judgments -- Concepts, Objects and the Analytic in Kant -- Non-Pure Synthetic A Priori Judgments in the Critique of Pure Reason -- Extensional and Intensional Interpretation of Synthetic Propositions A Priori -- On Kant, Frege, Analyticity and the Theory of Reference -- IV Space -- The Meaning of ‘space’ in Kant -- Absolute Space and Absolute Motion in Kant’s Critical Philosophy -- Onthe Subjectivity of Objective Space -- V Causality and the Laws of Nature -- Transcendental Affinity - Kant’s Answer to Hume -- The Conception of Lawlikeness in Kant’s Philosophy of Science -- The Status of Kant’s Theory of Matter -- VI The Thing in Itself -- Kant’s Theory of the Structure of Empirical Scientific Inquiry and Two Implied Postulates Regarding Things in Themselves -- The Unknowability of Things in Themselves -- Noumenal Causality -- VII Kant and Some Modern Critics -- Kant and Anglo-Saxon Criticism -- On Kant and the Refutation of Subjectivism 208.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2294-1
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  • 7
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    Whitehead’s Categoreal Scheme and Other Papers (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401196208
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: I. An Approximative Logical Structure for Whitehead’s Categoreal Scheme -- II. On Hartshorne’s Creative Synthesis and Event Logic -- III. On the Whiteheadian God -- IV. On Coordinate Divisions in the Theory of Extensive Connection -- V. On Abstractive Hierarchies -- VI. Steps towards a Pragmatic Protogeometry -- VII. On Mathematics and the Good -- VIII. On the Logical Structure of the Ontological Argument -- IX. On Boche?ski’s Logic of Religious Discourse -- X. On Gurwitsch’s Theory of Intentionality.
    Abstract: The philosophical papers comprising this volume range from process metaphysics and theology, through the phenomenological study of intentionality, to the foundations of geometry and of the system of real numbers. New light, it is thought, is shed on all these topics, some of them being of the highest interest and under intensive investigation in contemporary philosophical discussion. Metaphysi­ cians, process theologians, semanticists, theorists of knowledge, phenomenologists, and philosophers of mathematics will thus find in this book, it is hoped, helpful materials and methods. The categoreal scheme of Whitehead's Process and Reality is discussed rather fully from a logical point of view in the first paper [I] in the light of the author's previous work on the logico-metaphysical theory of events. The clarification that results is thought to provide a new depth and precision to the problem of interpreting one of the most difficult books in the recent history of metaphysics and cosmol­ ogy. A detailed examination of some aspects of Hartshorne's recent Creative Synthesis and Philosophic Method is given in II. This book is perhaps the most significant work on process philosophy since Process and Reality itself, and its logical underpinnings thus merit a full critical discussion.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. An Approximative Logical Structure for Whitehead’s Categoreal SchemeII. On Hartshorne’s Creative Synthesis and Event Logic -- III. On the Whiteheadian God -- IV. On Coordinate Divisions in the Theory of Extensive Connection -- V. On Abstractive Hierarchies -- VI. Steps towards a Pragmatic Protogeometry -- VII. On Mathematics and the Good -- VIII. On the Logical Structure of the Ontological Argument -- IX. On Boche?ski’s Logic of Religious Discourse -- X. On Gurwitsch’s Theory of Intentionality.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-9620-8
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  • 8
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    Volume III - Europe : Constitutions of Nations (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401711494
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 648 p) , online resource
    Edition: Revised Third Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Constitutional law ; Social sciences
    Abstract: INTERNATIONAL STATUS Albania is a member of the United Nations (December 14, 1955). It is a member of other international organizations. It was a member of the League of Nations. Albania became independent on November 28, 1912, after centuries of Ottoman domination. Its existence was recognized internationally after the First Balkan War on July 28, 1913, and an international control commission drew up a constitution in 1914, providing for a monarchy with a National Assembly most of whose members were elected by the people. 4 Albania Although a neutral state, Albania became involved in the First World War, after which, in January 1920, the Albanian chiefs drew up a new constitution providing for a monarchy. In 1925, Albania was proclaimed a republic and a new constitution, based on the United States constitution, was promulgated. In 1928, the President became King and a new consti­ tution followed. On April 7, 1939, Italy occupied Albania and imposed a constitution providing that Albania was a monarchy under the House of Savoy. On April6, 1941, martial law was proclaimed throughout the country. After the Italian capitulation in 1943, Albania was occupied by Germany. The Albanian Communist Party was founded in November 1941, and the bases of the communist regime were laid at the second national confer­ ence in July 1943 of the Movement for National Liberation, created by the Party to unite and control all the forces opposing foreign occupation. This conference created Councils of National Liberation.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1149-4
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  • 9
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    The Idea of God : A Whiteheadian Critique of St. Thomas Aquinas’ Concept of God (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401180931
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: I. The Tension in Patristic Theology -- II. God’s Being and the Logic of Knowing -- III. God’s Will and Ontological Arbitrariness -- IV. Power and Creativity — Part I -- V. Power and Creativity — Part II -- VI. Simplicity and Perfection -- VII. Trinitarian Theology -- VIII. Redemption and Process Theism.
    Abstract: Thinking about God is historical thinking and that in two senses : the idea of God has a history, and those who think about God think through an historically formed mind. The task of the theologian, is not the attempt to move outside his historicity - such an attempt constitutes a fallacy and not a virtue - but to accept its implications and limitations. Methodologically this means that the theologian must point to the historical perspectives that underlie the idea of God in its development and, in his own constructive thought, must work self-consciously with an historical perspective informed by the psychological and cosmological understanding of his own time. This book centers on that idea which traditionally has been associated with the very godness of God - the idea of divine abso­ luteness - and puts certain historical, logical, religious and, finally, cosmological questions to it. The roots of that idea lie in Greek thought, which entered Christian theology via the early church is much indication, particularly in Patristic fathers; even so, there trinitarian thought, that the Biblical heritage is pushing theological thlnking towards a social or relative concept of divine being (ch. 1).
    Description / Table of Contents: I. The Tension in Patristic TheologyII. God’s Being and the Logic of Knowing -- III. God’s Will and Ontological Arbitrariness -- IV. Power and Creativity - Part I -- V. Power and Creativity - Part II -- VI. Simplicity and Perfection -- VII. Trinitarian Theology -- VIII. Redemption and Process Theism.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-8093-1
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  • 10
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    Moral Rightness (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401015967
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics
    Abstract: I. Confirming Answers to Moral Questions -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Right and the Good According to Lewis -- 3. Evaluative Sentences Analyzed -- 4. Ambiguities in Moral Questions -- II. Toward an Approach to Ethical Justification -- 5. Lewis’ Approach to Ethical Justification -- 6. Rationality as More Than Consistency -- 7. An Initial Look at Another Approach -- 8. What is Intrinsically Good and Why: The Outline of an Argument -- 9. Justification and Morality Enforcement -- III. The Fundamental Imperative of Rationality -- 10. Absolute, Objective, and Subjective Rationality -- 11. The Ideal Observer Standpoint -- 12. Rationality Where Probabilities Differ -- 13. The Rationale -- 14. Rationality, Prudential Goodness, and an Alleged Paradox -- IV. The Maximum Social Goodness Imperative -- 15. The Golden Rule -- 16. “Social Goodness” Defined -- 17. What Counts as an Act -- 18. The General Use -- 19. The General Use as Morally Fundamental -- V. The Ideal Observer Moral Code -- 20. The Ideal Observer Criterion -- 21. The Need for Simplicity, Ease of Application, and Uniformity -- 22. Exceptions to the Rules -- 23. Borderline Cases -- 24. Conflicting Rules -- 25. A Comparison with Classical Utilitarianism -- 26. A Comparison with the “Ideal Moral Code” Criterion -- VI. The Plausibility of Justification -- 27. A Foreword on Justice -- 28. The Ideal Observer Moral Code vs. a Discriminatory Moral Code -- 29. Final Formulation of the Approach to Justification -- 30. Conclusion -- Works Referred To.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Confirming Answers to Moral Questions1. Introduction -- 2. The Right and the Good According to Lewis -- 3. Evaluative Sentences Analyzed -- 4. Ambiguities in Moral Questions -- II. Toward an Approach to Ethical Justification -- 5. Lewis’ Approach to Ethical Justification -- 6. Rationality as More Than Consistency -- 7. An Initial Look at Another Approach -- 8. What is Intrinsically Good and Why: The Outline of an Argument -- 9. Justification and Morality Enforcement -- III. The Fundamental Imperative of Rationality -- 10. Absolute, Objective, and Subjective Rationality -- 11. The Ideal Observer Standpoint -- 12. Rationality Where Probabilities Differ -- 13. The Rationale -- 14. Rationality, Prudential Goodness, and an Alleged Paradox -- IV. The Maximum Social Goodness Imperative -- 15. The Golden Rule -- 16. “Social Goodness” Defined -- 17. What Counts as an Act -- 18. The General Use -- 19. The General Use as Morally Fundamental -- V. The Ideal Observer Moral Code -- 20. The Ideal Observer Criterion -- 21. The Need for Simplicity, Ease of Application, and Uniformity -- 22. Exceptions to the Rules -- 23. Borderline Cases -- 24. Conflicting Rules -- 25. A Comparison with Classical Utilitarianism -- 26. A Comparison with the “Ideal Moral Code” Criterion -- VI. The Plausibility of Justification -- 27. A Foreword on Justice -- 28. The Ideal Observer Moral Code vs. a Discriminatory Moral Code -- 29. Final Formulation of the Approach to Justification -- 30. Conclusion -- Works Referred To.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-1596-7
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  • 11
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    Metaphysics : A Critical Survey of its Meaning (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401019743
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (158p) , online resource
    Edition: Second enlarged edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: I. The Origin of the Concept of Metaphysics -- 1. Reimer’s Theory -- 2. Aristotle’s Metaphysics -- II. The Tradition of the Concept of Metaphysics -- 1. Ancient Interpretations -- 2. Arabian School -- 3. Early Scholastics -- 4. Middle Scholastics -- 5. Later Scholastics -- 6. Wolffian School -- III. Kant and Metaphysics -- 1. The Stages of Kant’s Philosophy -- 2. Critique and Metaphysics -- 3. The Stages of Metaphysics -- 4. The System of Critical Metaphysics -- 5. The Supremacy of Practical Reason and the Poverty of Speculative Philosophy -- IV. Metaphysics and Dialectic -- 1. Hegel -- 2. Engels -- V. Metaphysics in Recent Philosophy -- 1. Bergson -- 2. Heidegger -- VI. The Logical Positivists’ View of Metaphysics -- VII. Conclusion.
    Abstract: In the summer of 1960 I visited Oxford and stayed there several months. This book was written as some slight memorial of my days in that ancient seat of learning. It is my pleasant duty to acknowledge the great debt I own to Mr. D. Lyness in the task of putting it into English. In addition I remember with gratitude Dr. J. L. Ackrill of Brasenose College, who gave me unfailing encouragement, and also Dr. R. A. Rees of Jesus College, who read my manuscript through and subjected it to a minute revision. Lastly for permission to quote from Sir W. D. Ross' translation of Aristotle's Metaphysics, I have to thank the editors of Oxford University Press. Kyoto, Japan T.A. 61 Sep.19 . To answer the readers' complaints that the first edition did not ex­ plain the author's attitude towards metaphysics, one more chapter on new positivism was written in 1966, but the publication was delayed till the second edition. Special thanks are due to Mr. E. B. Brooks for his assistance in writing English, to Prof. Philip P. Wiener, and to Dr. R. A. Rees, both for some kind services. T. A. Okayama 1973 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION I I. THE ORIGIN OF THE CONCEPT OF METAPHYSICS I. Reimer's Theory 3 2. Aristotle's Metaphysics 6 II. THE TRADITION OF THE CONCEPT OF METAPHYSICS Ancient Interpretations 1.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. The Origin of the Concept of Metaphysics1. Reimer’s Theory -- 2. Aristotle’s Metaphysics -- II. The Tradition of the Concept of Metaphysics -- 1. Ancient Interpretations -- 2. Arabian School -- 3. Early Scholastics -- 4. Middle Scholastics -- 5. Later Scholastics -- 6. Wolffian School -- III. Kant and Metaphysics -- 1. The Stages of Kant’s Philosophy -- 2. Critique and Metaphysics -- 3. The Stages of Metaphysics -- 4. The System of Critical Metaphysics -- 5. The Supremacy of Practical Reason and the Poverty of Speculative Philosophy -- IV. Metaphysics and Dialectic -- 1. Hegel -- 2. Engels -- V. Metaphysics in Recent Philosophy -- 1. Bergson -- 2. Heidegger -- VI. The Logical Positivists’ View of Metaphysics -- VII. Conclusion.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-1974-3
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  • 12
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    Positivism and Christianity : A Study of Theism and Verifiability (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401020145
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (194p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Laura, Ronald S. Books in review 1976
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Religion—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I. Statement of the Issues -- A. Overview of the Positivist stand upon theism -- B. Exposition of the Positivist stand on the issues -- C. Appendix: Unintelligible words and unintelligible sentences -- II. Theism without belief in God -- A. Religious belief construed as a moral commitment -- B. Religious belief construed as “slanting” -- C. Religious belief construed as the contemplating of a “symbol picture” -- Discussion -- III. Testability and Factual Significance -- A. The search for a criterion of factual significance -- B. Formulations and difficulties -- C. Further problems -- Retrospect -- IV. Are Theological Sentences Testable? -- A. Terrestrial falsifiability -- B. Eschatological verifiability -- C. Terrestrial verifiability -- Retrospect -- V. Dilemmas -- A. Summary of the argument -- B. Objections and dilemmas -- Selected bibliography.
    Abstract: This essay is conceived as a critical exposition of the central issues that figure in the ongoing conversation between Logical Positivists and neo­ Positivists on the one hand and Christian apologists on the other. My expository aim is to isolate and to describe the main issues that have emer­ ged in the extended discussion between men of Positivistic turn of mind and men sympathetic to the claims of Christianity. My critical aim is to select typical, influential stands that have been taken on each of these issues, to assess their viability, and to isolate certain dilemmas which discussion of these issues has generated. I am convinced that the now commonly rejected verifiability theory of meaning is very commonly misunderstood and has been rejected by and large for the wrong reasons. Before it is cast off-if it is to be cast off-what is needed is a reconsideration of that theory and of the objections that its several formulations have elicited. Furthermore, at least partially because of a misconstruing of the verifiability doctrine, there have been some interesting-though in my opinion unsuccessful-claims advanced about the testability-status of sentences expressive of Christian belief. Moreover, in their haste to vindicate Christianity, some apologists have been fairly cavalier, in my opinion, about what "Christianity" involves. This volume offers what I hope will be a clear statement and analysis of the principle points at issue between Positivism and Christianity, together with my own assessment of where the argument stands now.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Statement of the IssuesA. Overview of the Positivist stand upon theism -- B. Exposition of the Positivist stand on the issues -- C. Appendix: Unintelligible words and unintelligible sentences -- II. Theism without belief in God -- A. Religious belief construed as a moral commitment -- B. Religious belief construed as “slanting” -- C. Religious belief construed as the contemplating of a “symbol picture” -- Discussion -- III. Testability and Factual Significance -- A. The search for a criterion of factual significance -- B. Formulations and difficulties -- C. Further problems -- Retrospect -- IV. Are Theological Sentences Testable? -- A. Terrestrial falsifiability -- B. Eschatological verifiability -- C. Terrestrial verifiability -- Retrospect -- V. Dilemmas -- A. Summary of the argument -- B. Objections and dilemmas -- Selected bibliography.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2014-5
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  • 13
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    From Substance to Subject : Studies in Hegel (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401020770
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (142p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern
    Abstract: One / Correlation and Totality -- Two / The Beginning and the Result -- Three / Potentiality and Actuality -- Four / Necessity and Freedom -- Five / The Process and the System -- Six / The First and the Second Synthesis -- Seven / Abstraction and Concreteness.
    Description / Table of Contents: One / Correlation and TotalityTwo / The Beginning and the Result -- Three / Potentiality and Actuality -- Four / Necessity and Freedom -- Five / The Process and the System -- Six / The First and the Second Synthesis -- Seven / Abstraction and Concreteness.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2077-0
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  • 14
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    The Art of Rhetoric in Alexandria : Its Theory and Practice in the Ancient World (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401017053
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (184p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Logic ; Philosophy, Ancient.
    Abstract: I: The Cross Roads of the East -- A Greek Outpost -- Economic Problems -- Cultural and Scientific Growth -- The Alexandrian Canon -- II: Temperament and Audiences of Alexandria -- Ethnic Differences -- Dion’s Description of the Alexandrians -- Persecution and Violence -- III: Spokesmen for Truth: The Secular Speakers -- Well-known Orators -- The Boule -- The Embassies -- The Court Room -- IV: Spokesmen for Truth (Continued): Christian Preachers -- The Early Church -- Early Preaching -- Origen and the Homily -- Other Preachers -- Athanasius -- V: Greco-Roman Education -- Elementary and Secondary Education -- Papyrological Clues to Education -- Rhetorical Models -- Sophists -- Theoretical Treatises -- The Catechetical School -- Secular Teachers -- VI: Summary and Conclusions -- Demise of Rhetoric -- In Retrospect.
    Description / Table of Contents: I: The Cross Roads of the EastA Greek Outpost -- Economic Problems -- Cultural and Scientific Growth -- The Alexandrian Canon -- II: Temperament and Audiences of Alexandria -- Ethnic Differences -- Dion’s Description of the Alexandrians -- Persecution and Violence -- III: Spokesmen for Truth: The Secular Speakers -- Well-known Orators -- The Boule -- The Embassies -- The Court Room -- IV: Spokesmen for Truth (Continued): Christian Preachers -- The Early Church -- Early Preaching -- Origen and the Homily -- Other Preachers -- Athanasius -- V: Greco-Roman Education -- Elementary and Secondary Education -- Papyrological Clues to Education -- Rhetorical Models -- Sophists -- Theoretical Treatises -- The Catechetical School -- Secular Teachers -- VI: Summary and Conclusions -- Demise of Rhetoric -- In Retrospect.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-1705-3
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  • 15
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    Conflict and Compromise : The Strategy, Politics and Diplomacy of the French Blockade, 1914-1918 (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401019927
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (216p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Anthropology
    Abstract: I. Prologue: the British-Dominated Maritime Blockade -- II. Outward Unity and Inner Tension: the Formation of an Economic Warfare Strategy -- III. Domestic Dissension and Opposition: the Blockade as an Example of Wartime Bureaucratization -- IV. Belligerent-Neutral Diplomatic Relations: Consignment and Rationing as the Dual Focus of Northern Blockade Diplomacy -- V. Interallied Tension: French Disapprobation of the British-Controlled Northern Blockade -- VI. the Swiss Blockade System: Interaction of Diplomacy, Strategy and Domestic Priorities -- VII. Policy of Increased Pressure Toward Switzerland :Blockade Diplomacy Hampered by Allied Disagreement -- VIII. Preclusive Purchases: a Case Study in Domestic Frustration of Blockade Objectives -- IX. Toward an Integral Blockade: French Blockade Stalemate Resolved by American Adherence to French Economic Objectives -- X. Epilogue: American Dominance as the Catalyst of Blockade Uniformity and Neutral Concessions -- Conclusion.
    Abstract: The historical literature on the first world war has devoted relatively little attention to the Allied blockade of the Central Powers. The few published studies have concentrated either on the blockade's naval aspects or exclusively on the British contribution. Little effort has been made heretofore to distinguish the French role. This study focuses on the French contribution to the diplomatic, as contrasted with the maritime, blockade of the Central Powers. It discusses primarily French relations with the so-called European border neutral states : principally Switzerland, but also the Netherlands and the three Scandinavian countries. Only in the diplomatic aspects of the Allied blockade program did the French play a distinctive role. Their token contribution to maritime blockade activity remained subordinate to the British. An examination of Franco-neutral rela­ tions involves not only a study of those diplomatic contacts per se but also a comparison of French and British tactics as a reflection of differing economic warfare concepts. This study also investigates the development of a French blockade organization to meet the demands of this new weapon, the diplomatic blockade.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Prologue: the British-Dominated Maritime BlockadeII. Outward Unity and Inner Tension: the Formation of an Economic Warfare Strategy -- III. Domestic Dissension and Opposition: the Blockade as an Example of Wartime Bureaucratization -- IV. Belligerent-Neutral Diplomatic Relations: Consignment and Rationing as the Dual Focus of Northern Blockade Diplomacy -- V. Interallied Tension: French Disapprobation of the British-Controlled Northern Blockade -- VI. the Swiss Blockade System: Interaction of Diplomacy, Strategy and Domestic Priorities -- VII. Policy of Increased Pressure Toward Switzerland :Blockade Diplomacy Hampered by Allied Disagreement -- VIII. Preclusive Purchases: a Case Study in Domestic Frustration of Blockade Objectives -- IX. Toward an Integral Blockade: French Blockade Stalemate Resolved by American Adherence to French Economic Objectives -- X. Epilogue: American Dominance as the Catalyst of Blockade Uniformity and Neutral Concessions -- Conclusion.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-1992-7
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  • 16
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    Emmanuel Levinas : The Problem of Ethical Metaphysics (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401020442
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (231p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology
    Abstract: I. Early Themes -- Being and Beginning -- Laziness and Fatigue -- Being-in-general: il y a -- Dasein and Hypostasis -- Need, Desire and the World -- II Husserl and the Problem of Ontology -- Phenomenological Method and Ontology -- Naturalistic Ontology and Psychologism -- The Problem of Intentionality -- The Meaning of Essences -- The Phenomenological Reduction -- Intentionality as Movement -- The Break with Husserl -- III. From Self to Same -- The Self as Life -- Human Corporeity and Need -- Life and the Elemental -- Habitation -- Art and the Elemental -- IV. The Foundation of Ethical Metaphysics -- What Separated Being Means -- Totality and Exteriority -- The Face and the Problem of Appearance -- The Break with Ontology -- The Idea of the Infinite -- Metaphysics and Justice -- V. Beyond Temporality -- Violence and Time -- Being-towards-death -- The Phenomenology of Love -- The Phenomenon of Transcendence -- Fecundity -- Temporality and Infinity -- VI. What is Language -- Language and Discourse -- An Alternative View of Language -- The Trace -- Responsibility -- VII. Philosophy and the Covenant -- What Judaism Means -- Historical Method and Traditional Texts -- The Phenomenon of Atonement -- Jewish Messianism: The Break with Totality -- The Temptation of Modernity -- The Meaning of Society -- VIII. Conclusions -- The Objectivity of Values -- Morality and Metaphysics -- Language -- The Idea of the Infinite -- Key to special terminology.
    Abstract: Emmanuel Levinas recounts the main events of his life in a brief essay, "Signature," appended to a collection of essays on social, political and religious themes entitled Dillicile Uberti. He was born in I905 in Lithu­ ania and in I9I7, while living in the Ukraine, experienced the collapse of the old regime in Russia. In I923 he came to the University of Strasbourg where Charles Blondel, Halbwachs, Pradines, Carteron and later Gueroult were teaching. He was deeply influenced by those of his teachers who had been adolescents during the time of the Dreyfus affair and for whom this issue assumed critical importance. Continuing his studies at Freiburg from I928-I929, he served an apprenticeship in phenomenology with Jean Hering. Subsequent encounters with Leon Brunschwicg and regular conversations with Gabriel Marcel served to distinguish, to sharpen and bring into the foreground, his own unique point of view. He also attests a long friendship with Jean Wahl. To­ gether with Henri Nerson he undertook a study of Talmudic sources under the guidance of a teacher who communicated the traditional Jewish mode of exegesis. It is no accident that Levinas begins his autobiographical account, which is indeed no more than a spare outline of events and formative influences, with the information that the Hebrew Bible directed his thinking from the time of his earliest child­ hood in Lithuania.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Early ThemesBeing and Beginning -- Laziness and Fatigue -- Being-in-general: il y a -- Dasein and Hypostasis -- Need, Desire and the World -- II Husserl and the Problem of Ontology -- Phenomenological Method and Ontology -- Naturalistic Ontology and Psychologism -- The Problem of Intentionality -- The Meaning of Essences -- The Phenomenological Reduction -- Intentionality as Movement -- The Break with Husserl -- III. From Self to Same -- The Self as Life -- Human Corporeity and Need -- Life and the Elemental -- Habitation -- Art and the Elemental -- IV. The Foundation of Ethical Metaphysics -- What Separated Being Means -- Totality and Exteriority -- The Face and the Problem of Appearance -- The Break with Ontology -- The Idea of the Infinite -- Metaphysics and Justice -- V. Beyond Temporality -- Violence and Time -- Being-towards-death -- The Phenomenology of Love -- The Phenomenon of Transcendence -- Fecundity -- Temporality and Infinity -- VI. What is Language -- Language and Discourse -- An Alternative View of Language -- The Trace -- Responsibility -- VII. Philosophy and the Covenant -- What Judaism Means -- Historical Method and Traditional Texts -- The Phenomenon of Atonement -- Jewish Messianism: The Break with Totality -- The Temptation of Modernity -- The Meaning of Society -- VIII. Conclusions -- The Objectivity of Values -- Morality and Metaphysics -- Language -- The Idea of the Infinite -- Key to special terminology.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2044-2
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  • 17
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    Hegel’s Philosophy of Right, with Marx’s Commentary : a Handbook for Students (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401020541
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 87 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Philosophy, modern ; Law—Philosophy.
    Abstract: General Introduction -- The Place of Hegel in the History of Philosophy -- The Importance of Hegel’s Philosophy -- The Importance of Hegel’s “Philosophy of Right” -- Hegel’s “System” -- The Dialectic -- Hegel’s Terminology -- Analysis of Hegel’s “Philosophy of Right” -- The Preface to the ‘Philosophy of Right’ -- The Introduction to the P.R. (§§ I-33) -- I. Abstract Right (§§ 4–104) -- II. Morality (§§ 105–141) -- III. Ethical Life (§§ 142–360) -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: GEORG WILHELM FRIEDRICH HEGEL (1770-1831) THE PLACE OF HEGEL IN THE HIS TOR Y OF PHILOSOPHY In order to gain a proper perspective of Hegel's place in the history of philo­ sophy, it might be useful to focus on one key concept which has evolved significantly in meaning, from the time of Aristotle to Hegel. I am speaking of the philosophical concept of the "category. " In Aristotle's system, there were ten categories (or "predicaments") of reality or being. These included substantiality, time, place, quantity, quality, and other aspects of knowable beings. The most notable thing about these categories is that they all have to do with what we would call "objective" realities. That is, none of them purport to describe subjective or mental states or conditions. In modern philosophy (i. e. , philosophy since the time of Descartes), there was a swing of the pendulum in the opposite direction, from objectivity to subjectivity - culminating in the twelve new "categories" of Kant. All of Kant's categories were subjective ways oflooking at reality: We can organize objective phenomena into universal unities; therefore the first Kantian cate­ gory is "unity. " We can separate objective phenomena into particular divi­ sions; therefore the second category is "plurality. " And so forth. With Hegel, the modern trend to subjectivism is arrested, and we have, not surprisingly, a new type of "category" - the category of the unity of thought and being, of self and other, of subject and object.
    Description / Table of Contents: General IntroductionThe Place of Hegel in the History of Philosophy -- The Importance of Hegel’s Philosophy -- The Importance of Hegel’s “Philosophy of Right” -- Hegel’s “System” -- The Dialectic -- Hegel’s Terminology -- Analysis of Hegel’s “Philosophy of Right” -- The Preface to the ‘Philosophy of Right’ -- The Introduction to the P.R. (§§ I-33) -- I. Abstract Right (§§ 4-104) -- II. Morality (§§ 105-141) -- III. Ethical Life (§§ 142-360) -- Index of Names.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2054-1
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  • 18
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    The Open Society in Theory and Practice (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401020565
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 334 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Sociology.
    Abstract: 1. Preliminary Reflections on the Open Society: Bergson, Popper, Voegelin -- 2. Political Obligation and the Open Society -- 3. Political Society and the Open Society: Bergsonian Views -- 4. The Open World and Culture Change: Sacred and Secular Trends -- 5. Visions and Explanations, Four Perspectives on Education and Work -- 6. Some Views of the Closed Society -- 7. Authoritarian Regimes — Developing Open Societies? -- 8. Liberalism and the Open Society -- 9. The Liberal Theory of the Open Society -- 10. Imperfect Legitimacy -- 11. The Revolt Against the Open Society and the Phenomenon of Delegitimization: The Case of the American New Left -- 12. Marxism and the Open Society -- 13. Ideology, Openness and Freedom -- 14. The Higher Reaches of the Lower Orders: A Critique of the Theories of B. F. Skinner -- 15. Psychiatric Responsibility in the Open Society -- 16. Neither Sticks Nor Stones -- 17. The Ecology of Openness.
    Abstract: From June 28 until July 4, 1972, a group of scholars, all of them acade­ micians committed to the critical study of man and society which may be called political theory, met at The Rockefeller Foundation's VillaSerbelloni in Bellagio, Italy, to present papers on and discuss the subject of "The Open Society. " These papers, as revised, are published here, most of them for the first time. They reflect no consensus of view, nor were they intended to do so. That such a consensus did not emerge from the conference is not in our judgment a cause for regret; it may rather be regarded as a manifestation of a healthy and desirable plurality of approaches which itself indirectly tells us something important about the nature of the open society. All the papers deal in different contexts and from a variety of philosophi­ cal and theoretical perspectives with the interrelated themes of openness and the open society. Some of the panelists are skeptical of the capacity of modern industrial, or "post-industrial," society, with its heavy emphasis upon technological rationality to foster authentic openness under currently prevailing assumptions about man and nature.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Preliminary Reflections on the Open Society: Bergson, Popper, Voegelin2. Political Obligation and the Open Society -- 3. Political Society and the Open Society: Bergsonian Views -- 4. The Open World and Culture Change: Sacred and Secular Trends -- 5. Visions and Explanations, Four Perspectives on Education and Work -- 6. Some Views of the Closed Society -- 7. Authoritarian Regimes - Developing Open Societies? -- 8. Liberalism and the Open Society -- 9. The Liberal Theory of the Open Society -- 10. Imperfect Legitimacy -- 11. The Revolt Against the Open Society and the Phenomenon of Delegitimization: The Case of the American New Left -- 12. Marxism and the Open Society -- 13. Ideology, Openness and Freedom -- 14. The Higher Reaches of the Lower Orders: A Critique of the Theories of B. F. Skinner -- 15. Psychiatric Responsibility in the Open Society -- 16. Neither Sticks Nor Stones -- 17. The Ecology of Openness.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2056-5
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  • 19
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    Symbol and Interpretation (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401015943
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 101 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: I: Symbol and Language -- On Multiple Realities -- Language and the Symbol -- Conclusion -- II: Mircea Eliade: Structural Hermeneutics and Philosophy -- The Symbol as a Dimension of Consciousness -- The Method for Establishing the Symbol as a Valid Form -- Conclusion -- III: Paul Ricoeur: The Anthropological Necessity of a Special Language -- The Question -- Philosophy of the Will -- An Answer -- Conclusion -- IV: Myth, Structure and Interpretation -- From Evolution to Structure -- Structural Hermeneutics -- Archaic Ontology -- Conclusion -- V: Toward a Theoretical Foundation for a Correlation Between Literary and Religious Discourse -- Background -- Theory of Language: The Possibility of a Phenomenological Model -- Hermeneutics: the Interpretation of Special Languages -- Conclusion -- VI: Socio-Political Symbolism and the Transformation of Consciousness -- The Conflict of Rationality: Operational and Dialectical -- Utopian Symbolism -- Symbol, Seriality, and the Group Resolve -- Symbol, Structure and Philosophical Anthropology -- Conclusion.
    Abstract: For the past four or five years much of my thinking has centered up­ on the relationship of symbolic forms to philosophic imagination and interpretation. As one whose own philosophic speculations began at. the end of a cultural epoch under methodologies dominated either by neo-Kantianism or schools of logical empiricism the symbol as a prod­ uct of a cultural imagination has been diminished; it has been neces­ sary for those who wanted to preserve the symbol to find appropriate philosophical methodologies to do so. In the following chapters we shall attempt to show, through a consideration of a series of recent interpretations of the symbol, as well as through constructive argu­ ment, that the symbol ought to be considered as a linguistic form in the sense that it constitutes a special language with its own rubrics and properties. There are two special considerations to be taken ac­ count of in this argument; first, the definition of the symbol, and sec­ ond, the interpretation of the symbol. Although we shall refrain from defining the symbol explicitly at this point let it suffice to state that our definition of the symbol is more aesthetic than logical (in the technical sense of formal logic ), more cultural than individual, more imaginative than scientific. The symbol in our view is somewhere at the center of culture, the well-spring which testifies to the human imagination in its poetic, psychic, religious, social and political forms.
    Description / Table of Contents: I: Symbol and LanguageOn Multiple Realities -- Language and the Symbol -- Conclusion -- II: Mircea Eliade: Structural Hermeneutics and Philosophy -- The Symbol as a Dimension of Consciousness -- The Method for Establishing the Symbol as a Valid Form -- Conclusion -- III: Paul Ricoeur: The Anthropological Necessity of a Special Language -- The Question -- Philosophy of the Will -- An Answer -- Conclusion -- IV: Myth, Structure and Interpretation -- From Evolution to Structure -- Structural Hermeneutics -- Archaic Ontology -- Conclusion -- V: Toward a Theoretical Foundation for a Correlation Between Literary and Religious Discourse -- Background -- Theory of Language: The Possibility of a Phenomenological Model -- Hermeneutics: the Interpretation of Special Languages -- Conclusion -- VI: Socio-Political Symbolism and the Transformation of Consciousness -- The Conflict of Rationality: Operational and Dialectical -- Utopian Symbolism -- Symbol, Seriality, and the Group Resolve -- Symbol, Structure and Philosophical Anthropology -- Conclusion.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-1594-3
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  • 20
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    Whitehead’s Categoreal Scheme and Other Papers (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401016100
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (163p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: I. An Approximative Logical Structure for Whitehead’s Categoreal Scheme -- II. On Hartshorne’s Creative Synthesis and Event Logic -- III. On the Whiteheadian God -- IV. On Coordinate Divisions in the Theory of Extensive Connection -- V. On Abstractive Hierarchies -- VI. Steps towards a Pragmatic Protogeometry -- VII. On Mathematics and the Good -- VIII. On the Logical Structure of the Ontological Argument -- IX. On Boche?ski’s Logic of Religious Discourse -- X. On Gurwitsch’s Theory of Intentionality.
    Abstract: The philosophical papers comprising this volume range from process metaphysics and theology, through the phenomenological study of intentionality, to the foundations of geometry and of the system of real numbers. New light, it is thought, is shed on all these topics, some of them being of the highest interest and under intensive investigation in contemporary philosophical discussion. Metaphysi­ cians, process theologians, semanticists, theorists of knowledge, phenomenologists, and philosophers of mathematics will thus find in this book, it is hoped, helpful materials and methods. The categoreal scheme of Whitehead's Process and Reality is discussed rather fully from a logical point of view in the first paper [I] in the light of the author's previous work on the logico-metaphysical theory of events. The clarification that results is thought to provide a new depth and precision to the problem of interpreting one of the most difficult books in the recent history of metaphysics and cosmol­ ogy. A detailed examination of some aspects of Hartshorne's recent Creative Synthesis and Philosophic Method is given in II. This book is perhaps the most significant work on process philosophy since Process and Reality itself, and its logical underpinnings thus merit a full critical discussion.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. An Approximative Logical Structure for Whitehead’s Categoreal SchemeII. On Hartshorne’s Creative Synthesis and Event Logic -- III. On the Whiteheadian God -- IV. On Coordinate Divisions in the Theory of Extensive Connection -- V. On Abstractive Hierarchies -- VI. Steps towards a Pragmatic Protogeometry -- VII. On Mathematics and the Good -- VIII. On the Logical Structure of the Ontological Argument -- IX. On Boche?ski’s Logic of Religious Discourse -- X. On Gurwitsch’s Theory of Intentionality.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-1610-0
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  • 21
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    Nomic Inference : An Introduction to the Logic of Scientific Inquiry (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401507882
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (331p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I. Analytical Philosophy of Science -- A. What is the Philosophy of Science? -- B. Methods of Analytical Philosophy -- C. Methods of Analytical Philosophy of Science -- D. The Analytical Account of Science -- E. Philosophical Analysis of Science and a Theory of Science -- II. What Science is: An Introductory Consideration -- A. Science and Non-Science -- B. Science and Common Sense -- C. Some Distinguishing Features of Science -- D. Distinctive Aspects of Control on Scientific Inferences -- E. Empiricist Background and Significance -- III. Ampliative Science -- (I) Discovery -- (II) Acceptance -- IV. Subsumptive Science A. Systemization -- A Broad Distinction: Ampliative and Subsumptive Inference -- B. Nomic Inferences: Introductory Background -- C. Nomic Inferences with Singular Conclusions -- D. Explanation, a Species of Nomic Inference -- E. A Detour: The Causal Relation -- F. Back to Explanation Again -- G. Patterns of Nomic Inference -- H. Summary -- V. Other Aspects of Nomic Inference -- A. Are There non-Nomic Explanations? -- B. Functional (Teleological) Accounts -- C. Derivations: Nomic Inferences with Nomic Conclusions -- D. Probabilistic Nomic Inference -- E. Summary -- VI. Nomic Statements (I): Scientific Laws -- A. Introduction: Necessary Truth, Logic and Factual Science -- B. Universal Laws -- C. Statistical Laws -- D. Summary -- VII. Nomic Statements (II): Theories, Models, Analogy -- A. Theory and Observational Laws -- B. The Formal Structuring of Theories -- C. Models -- D. Formalization and Scientific Theory -- E. Analogical Content in Theories -- F. Recapitulation: What is a Scientific Theory? -- VIII. Glimpses Beyond -- A. Overview -- B. Conventionalistic Trends -- C. Incommensurability; Non-reduction and Non-accumulation of Scientific Knowledge -- D. Non-methodism -- E. The History and Philosophy of Science.
    Abstract: Those who speak of the philosophy of science do not all have the same sort of study in mind. For some it is speculation about the overall nature of the world. Others take it to be basic theory of knowledge and perception. And for still others, it is a branch of philosophical analysis focused speci­ is meant to be a study falling under fically on science. The present book this last category. Generally, such a study has two aspects: one, methodological, dealing with the logical structure of science, the other, substantive, dealing with scientific concepts. Our concern here is primarily methodological; and, where discussion veers at times towards substantive matters, this will be largely for the purpose of illustrating underlying methodological points. It should also be added that our considerations will be of a general sort, intended to apply to all of science with no special concern for any particular divisions. Except in an incidental manner, therefore, we shall give no primary attention to special problems in the methodology of the social sciences or in the philosophy of physics or of biology. And if we draw the larger portion of our examples from the physical rather than from the behavioral sciences, this is done merely for simplicity, succinctness, and similar conveniences of exposition rather than out of specialized concern for any particular area.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Analytical Philosophy of ScienceA. What is the Philosophy of Science? -- B. Methods of Analytical Philosophy -- C. Methods of Analytical Philosophy of Science -- D. The Analytical Account of Science -- E. Philosophical Analysis of Science and a Theory of Science -- II. What Science is: An Introductory Consideration -- A. Science and Non-Science -- B. Science and Common Sense -- C. Some Distinguishing Features of Science -- D. Distinctive Aspects of Control on Scientific Inferences -- E. Empiricist Background and Significance -- III. Ampliative Science -- (I) Discovery -- (II) Acceptance -- IV. Subsumptive Science A. Systemization -- A Broad Distinction: Ampliative and Subsumptive Inference -- B. Nomic Inferences: Introductory Background -- C. Nomic Inferences with Singular Conclusions -- D. Explanation, a Species of Nomic Inference -- E. A Detour: The Causal Relation -- F. Back to Explanation Again -- G. Patterns of Nomic Inference -- H. Summary -- V. Other Aspects of Nomic Inference -- A. Are There non-Nomic Explanations? -- B. Functional (Teleological) Accounts -- C. Derivations: Nomic Inferences with Nomic Conclusions -- D. Probabilistic Nomic Inference -- E. Summary -- VI. Nomic Statements (I): Scientific Laws -- A. Introduction: Necessary Truth, Logic and Factual Science -- B. Universal Laws -- C. Statistical Laws -- D. Summary -- VII. Nomic Statements (II): Theories, Models, Analogy -- A. Theory and Observational Laws -- B. The Formal Structuring of Theories -- C. Models -- D. Formalization and Scientific Theory -- E. Analogical Content in Theories -- F. Recapitulation: What is a Scientific Theory? -- VIII. Glimpses Beyond -- A. Overview -- B. Conventionalistic Trends -- C. Incommensurability; Non-reduction and Non-accumulation of Scientific Knowledge -- D. Non-methodism -- E. The History and Philosophy of Science.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-0788-2
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  • 22
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    The Abdication of Philosophy - The Abdication of Man : A Critical Study of the Interdependence of Philosophy as Critical Theory and Man as a Free Individual (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401508957
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, Modern.
    Abstract: 2. Introduction -- 3. What is Philosophy? -- 4. What is Man? -- 5. Contemporary Forms of the Abdication of Philosophy and Contemporary Forms of Human Thinking and Human Existence -- 6. The Abdication of Philosophy and the Problem of Freedom -- 7. Conclusion.
    Abstract: We live in a time of functionalism, operationalism and technologism with all its levelling, depersonalising and dehumanising effects. In such an age, the question arises of philosophy as critical, reflective theory about the world, man's position and purpose in the world and the relationship between philosophy and man as a free individual. This book makes an attempt to give an answer to this question. It has been written from great concern as to the future destiny of mankind, in the light of various contemporary attempts at the abolition of philosophy and at merging it in practice, as this practice is seen by the respective thinker or school of thought. This work may be seen as representing an answer to such attempts, as they are made, for instance, by the advocates of linguistic analysis or by representatives of the so-called Frankfurt School respectively. By an analysis of Western thought in general with emphasis on the present, the author of this book seeks to show that the abdication of philosophy as critical, reflective theory leads to the abdication of man as a critical, reflective individual, one that is free to dissent and to say No to the system. Man is perverted and alienated from his true nature. He is forced to conform and to lead an "unauthentic existence" within the system.
    Description / Table of Contents: 2. Introduction3. What is Philosophy? -- 4. What is Man? -- 5. Contemporary Forms of the Abdication of Philosophy and Contemporary Forms of Human Thinking and Human Existence -- 6. The Abdication of Philosophy and the Problem of Freedom -- 7. Conclusion.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-0895-7
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  • 23
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    Being and Not-Being : An Introduction to Plato’s Sophist (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401020121
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ontology. ; Philosophy, Ancient. ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: § 1 Approach to Plato -- § 2 Parmenides, Plato and the Sophists -- § 3 The seventh Division and the Statement of the Problem: 233D–237B -- § 4 Absolute Not-being: 237B–239C -- § 5 The Being of Images: 239C–240C -- § 6 False Logos and the Challenge to Parmenides: 240C–242B -- § 7 Being — the Pluralists: 242B–244B -- § 8 Being — the Monists (Parmenides): 244B–245E -- § 9 Being — Materialists and Idealists: 245E–248A -- § 10 Being, Forms and Motion: 248A–249D -- § 11 Can we define Being?: 249D–251A -- § 12 The Communion of Forms and the “Late Learners”: 251A– 252E -- § 13 Dialectic and Meta-dialectic: 252E–254B -- § 14 The very great Kinds — Introduction: 254B–D -- § 15 The very great Kinds — Part 1: 254D–255E -- § 16 Comment on Part -- § 17 The very great Kinds — Part 2: 255E–257A -- § 18 Motion and Rest once more: 256B6-C4 -- § 19 The Not-Beautiful, the Not-Just and the Not-Tall: 257B–258C -- § 20 The very great Kinds — Conclusion: 258C–259D -- § 21 The Problem of Falsity and the Possibility of Discourse: 259D–261C -- § 22 The Nature of Logos: 261C–262E -- § 23 True and False: 262E–263D -- § 24 The Being of false Logos.
    Abstract: The present monograph on Plato's Sophist developed from series of lectures given over a number of years to honours and graduate phi­ losophy classes in the University of Waterloo. It is hoped that it will prove a useful guide to anyone trying to come to grips with, and gain a perspective of Plato's mature thought. At the same time my study is addressed to the specialist, and I have considered at the appropriate places a good deal of the scholarly literature that has appeared during the last thirty years. In this connection I regret that some of the pub­ lications which came to my notice after my work was substantially completed (such as KamIah's and Sayre's) have not been referred to in my discussion. As few philosophy students nowadays are familiar with Greek I have (except in a few footnotes) translated as well as transliterated all Greek terms. Citations from Plato's text follow Cornford's admirable trans­ lation as closely as possible, though the reader will find some significant deviations. The most notable of these concerns the key word on which I have rendered throughout as "being," thus avoiding Cornford's "existence" and "reality" which tend to prejudge the issues which the dialogue raises.
    Description / Table of Contents: § 1 Approach to Plato§ 2 Parmenides, Plato and the Sophists -- § 3 The seventh Division and the Statement of the Problem: 233D-237B -- § 4 Absolute Not-being: 237B-239C -- § 5 The Being of Images: 239C-240C -- § 6 False Logos and the Challenge to Parmenides: 240C-242B -- § 7 Being - the Pluralists: 242B-244B -- § 8 Being - the Monists (Parmenides): 244B-245E -- § 9 Being - Materialists and Idealists: 245E-248A -- § 10 Being, Forms and Motion: 248A-249D -- § 11 Can we define Being?: 249D-251A -- § 12 The Communion of Forms and the “Late Learners”: 251A- 252E -- § 13 Dialectic and Meta-dialectic: 252E-254B -- § 14 The very great Kinds - Introduction: 254B-D -- § 15 The very great Kinds - Part 1: 254D-255E -- § 16 Comment on Part -- § 17 The very great Kinds - Part 2: 255E-257A -- § 18 Motion and Rest once more: 256B6-C4 -- § 19 The Not-Beautiful, the Not-Just and the Not-Tall: 257B-258C -- § 20 The very great Kinds - Conclusion: 258C-259D -- § 21 The Problem of Falsity and the Possibility of Discourse: 259D-261C -- § 22 The Nature of Logos: 261C-262E -- § 23 True and False: 262E-263D -- § 24 The Being of false Logos.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2012-1
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  • 24
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    Beyond Epistemology : New Studies in the Philosophy of Hegel (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401020169
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (254p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: I. “Hegel: How, and How Far, is Philosophy Possible?” -- II. “Hegel’s Theory of Religious Knowledge” -- III. “On Artistic Knowledge: A Study in Hegel’s Philosophy of Art” -- IV. “Hegel: Truth in the Philosophical Sciences of Society, Politics, and History” -- V. “Hegel and the Natural Sciences” -- VI. “Reflexive Asymmetry: Hegel’s Most Fundamental Methodological Ruse” -- VII. “Phenomenology: Hegel and Husserl” -- VIII. “Hegel and Hermeneutics” -- IX. Appendix. “Reason and Religious Truth”: Hegel’s Foreword to H. FR. W. Hinrichs’ Die Religion im inneren Verhältnisse zur Wissenschaft (1822), translated by A. V. Miller, with Introduction by Merold Westphal -- Contributors.
    Abstract: This book approaches Hegel from the standpoint of what we might call the question of knowledge. Hegel, of course, had no "theory of knowledge" in the narrow and abstract sense in which it has come to be understood since Locke and Kant. "The examination of knowledge," he holds, "can only be carried out by an act of knowledge," and "to seek to know before we know is as absurd as the wise resolution of Scholasticus, not to venture into the water until he had learned to swim. " * While Hegel wrote no treatise exclusively devoted to epistemology, his entire philosophy is nonetheless a many-faceted theory of truth, and thus our title - Beyond Epistemology - is meant to suggest a return to the classical meaning and relation of the terms episteme and logos. I had originally planned to include a lengthy introduction for these essays, setting out Hegel's general view of philosophic truth. But as the papers came in, it became clear that I had chosen my contributors too well; indeed, they have all but put me out of business. In any case, it gives me great pleasure to have been able to gather this symposium of outstanding Hegel scholars, to provide for them a forum on a common theme of great importance, and especially, thanks to Arnold Miller, to have Hegel himself among them. Frederick G. Weiss Charlottesville, Va. • The Logic of Hegel, trans. from the Etu;yclopaedta by William Wallace. 2nd ed.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. “Hegel: How, and How Far, is Philosophy Possible?”II. “Hegel’s Theory of Religious Knowledge” -- III. “On Artistic Knowledge: A Study in Hegel’s Philosophy of Art” -- IV. “Hegel: Truth in the Philosophical Sciences of Society, Politics, and History” -- V. “Hegel and the Natural Sciences” -- VI. “Reflexive Asymmetry: Hegel’s Most Fundamental Methodological Ruse” -- VII. “Phenomenology: Hegel and Husserl” -- VIII. “Hegel and Hermeneutics” -- IX. Appendix. “Reason and Religious Truth”: Hegel’s Foreword to H. FR. W. Hinrichs’ Die Religion im inneren Verhältnisse zur Wissenschaft (1822), translated by A. V. Miller, with Introduction by Merold Westphal -- Contributors.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2016-9
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  • 25
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    Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401020183
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVII, 210 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy, modern
    Abstract: I. Anthropological Didactic -- Book I. On the Cognitive Powers -- Book II. The Feeling of Pleasure and Displeasure -- Book III. On the Appetitive Power -- II. Anthropological Characterization -- A. The Character of the Person -- B. On the Character of the Sexes -- C. On the Character of Nations -- D. On the Character of Races -- E. On the Character of the Species -- Notes.
    Abstract: In a footnote to the Preface of his A nthropology Kant gives, if not altogether accurately, the historical background for the publication of this work. The A nthropology is, in effect, his manual for a course of lectures which he gave "for some thirty years," in the winter semesters at the University of Konigsberg. In 1797, when old age forced him to discontinue the course and he felt that his manual would not compete with the lectures themselves, he decided to let the work be published (Ak. VII, 354, 356). The reader will readily see why these lectures were, as Kant says, popular ones, attended by people from other walks of life. In both content and style the Anthropology is far removed from the rigors of the Critiques. Yet the Anthropology presents its own special problems. The student of Kant who struggles through the Critique of Pure Reason is undoubtedly left in some perplexity regarding specific points in it, but he is quite clear as to what Kant is attempting to do in the work. On finishing the Anthropology he may well find himself in just the opposite situation. While its discussions of the functioning of man's various powers are, on the whole, quite lucid and even entertaining, the purpose of the work remains somewhat vague. The questions: what is pragmatic anthropology? what is its relation to Kant's more strictly philosophical works? have not been answered satisfactorily.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Anthropological DidacticBook I. On the Cognitive Powers -- Book II. The Feeling of Pleasure and Displeasure -- Book III. On the Appetitive Power -- II. Anthropological Characterization -- A. The Character of the Person -- B. On the Character of the Sexes -- C. On the Character of Nations -- D. On the Character of Races -- E. On the Character of the Species -- Notes.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2018-3
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  • 26
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    The Philosophy of Language : Historical Foundations and Contemporary Issues (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401020251
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 173 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: One Historical Foundations of the Philosophy of Language -- One The Origin of the Philosophy of Language -- Two The Foundation of the Philosophy of Language -- Chater Three The Exploration of the Range of Language -- Four Language and the Rise of the Modern Era -- Two Contemporary Issues in the Philosophy of Language -- One Language and Precision -- Two Ordinary Language -- Three The Eminence of Language -- Four The Structure of Language -- Conclusion -- Conclusion.
    Abstract: This book deals with the philosophy of language and with what is at issue in the philosophy of language. Due to its intensity and diversity, the philosophy of language has attained the position of first philosophy in this century. To show this is the task of Part Two. But the task can be accomplished only if it is first made clear how language came to be a problem in and for philosophy and how this development has influ­ enced and has failed to influence our understanding of language. This is done in Part One. What is at issue in the philosophy of language today is the question regarding the source of meaning. More precisely the question is whether we have access to such a source. Again Part One presents the necessary foil for Part Two in showing how meaning was thought to originate in Western history and how the rise of the philosophy of language and the eclipse of the origin of meaning occurred jointly. Today the question of meaning has come to a peculiarly elaborate and fruitful issue in the philosophy of language, and the fate of the philosophy of language is bound up with the future possibilities of meaning.
    Description / Table of Contents: One Historical Foundations of the Philosophy of LanguageOne The Origin of the Philosophy of Language -- Two The Foundation of the Philosophy of Language -- Chater Three The Exploration of the Range of Language -- Four Language and the Rise of the Modern Era -- Two Contemporary Issues in the Philosophy of Language -- One Language and Precision -- Two Ordinary Language -- Three The Eminence of Language -- Four The Structure of Language -- Conclusion -- Conclusion.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2025-1
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  • 27
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    The Meaning of Meaninglessness (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401020336
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 146 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: 1. The Diversity of Meaning -- 2. The Unity of Meaning -- 3. Meaning and Meaninglessness -- 4. The Tragic Sense of Meaninglessness -- 5. Back to Square One.
    Abstract: What does "meaningless" mean? On the one hand, it signifies simply the absence or lack of meaning. "Zabool" is meaningless just because it doesn't happen to mean anything. "Green flees time­ lessly" is meaningless, despite a certain semblance of sense, because it runs afoul of certain fundamental rules of linguistic construction. On the other hand, "meaningless" characterizes that peculiar psycho­ logical state of dread and anxiety much discussed, if not discovered, by the French shortly after the Second World War. The first is primarily linguistic, focusing attention on emotionally neutral questions of linguistic meaning. The second is nonlinguistic, indicating a painful probing of the social psychology of an era, a clinical and literary analysis of 20th century Romanticism. On the one hand, a job for the professional philosopher; on the other hand, a task for the literary critic and the social historian. Is any useful purpose served in trying to combine these two, very different concerns? As the title of this book suggests, I think there is.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. The Diversity of Meaning2. The Unity of Meaning -- 3. Meaning and Meaninglessness -- 4. The Tragic Sense of Meaninglessness -- 5. Back to Square One.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2033-6
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  • 28
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    Porphyry’s Place in the Neoplatonic Tradition : A Study in Post-Plotinian Neoplatonism (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401016049
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 173 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Philosophy, Ancient.
    Abstract: One -- 1. Soul’s Connection with the Body -- 2. Separation of Soul from Body -- 3. From Soul to Nous -- 4. The Fate of the Soul after Death -- 5. An Evaluation of Eschatology in Porphyry and Plotinus -- Two -- 6. Theurgy in the de Mysteriis of Iamblichus -- 7. Causality in Theurgy -- 8. Theurgy in Proclus -- 9. The Theoretical Attitude of the Neoplatonists to Theurgy -- Postscript -- General Conclusion -- Appendix i List of Porphyry’s Works Relevant to the Soul -- Appendix ii The ??????/????? -- Indices.
    Abstract: This book is a slightly emended version of a dissertation presented at the University of Hull in 1972. I realise only too well the deficiencies of style, presentation and material which this involves. The title implies a more final note than I had intended in my treatment of Porphyry. On reflexion, however, it seemed the most suited to convey the general purpose of my enquiries. A more rounded assessment of Porphyry can come only after some more basic work has been completed. An edition of his philosophical fragments, to which I am now turning my attention, is a prerequisite. lowe, of course, a great deal to all those who have written on Neo­ platonism. I am particularly indebted to Prof. Willy Theiler under whose guidance I studied in Bern. Conversation with him always resulted in new directions of enquiry and I was constantly stimulated by his breadth of knowledge. I must also thank Prof. A. H. Armstrong who has constantly encouraged me and helped me to look more deeply into a number of problems. Welcome, too, was a detailed criticism of Part Two by Dr. R. T. Wallis. Their criticism and advice have not always been followed and the responsibility for the faults and weak­ nesses of this book rests on myself.
    Description / Table of Contents: One1. Soul’s Connection with the Body -- 2. Separation of Soul from Body -- 3. From Soul to Nous -- 4. The Fate of the Soul after Death -- 5. An Evaluation of Eschatology in Porphyry and Plotinus -- Two -- 6. Theurgy in the de Mysteriis of Iamblichus -- 7. Causality in Theurgy -- 8. Theurgy in Proclus -- 9. The Theoretical Attitude of the Neoplatonists to Theurgy -- Postscript -- General Conclusion -- Appendix i List of Porphyry’s Works Relevant to the Soul -- Appendix ii The ??????/????? -- Indices.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-1604-9
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  • 29
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    The Christian Philosophy of William Temple (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401020428
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (324p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; History ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: 1. Introduction -- A. Purpose and Plan -- B. The Unity of Temple’s Christian Philosophy -- C. The Major Influences on Temple’s Life and Thought -- I The Construction of a Christian Philosophy -- 2. The Philosophic Enterprise -- 3. The Knowledge Venture -- 4. The Understanding of Reality -- 5. The Relevance of Christian Philosophy -- II A Christian Philosophy of Personality: Human and Divine -- 6. Process and Personality -- 7. Human Personality -- 8. Divine Personality -- 9. Justification for Theism -- 10. From Theism to a Metaphysics of the Incarnation -- III A Christian Philosophy of Personal and Social Morality -- 11. Personal Ethics -- 12. The Need of Ethics for Religion -- 13. Christian Social Thought -- IV A Christian Philosophy of History -- 14. The Historical Process -- 15. History and Eternity -- V Evaluation and Reconstruction of Temple’s Christian Philosophy -- 16. Philosophy and the Christian Faith -- 17. Human Personality -- 18. The Category of the Personal and the Problem of God -- 19. The Person in Relation to Society -- 20. God and the Meaning of History.
    Abstract: A. PURPOSE AND PLAN William Temple was trained as a philosopher and lectured on phi­ losophy at Oxford (1904), but his concern for labor, education, journalism, and the Church of England led him away from philosophy as a profession. Enthroned in 1942 as Archbishop of Canterbury, Temple persisted in applying his Christian position to the solution of the problems of the day. He will be remembered for his contributions in many areas of life and thought: his work in the ecumenical movement, and his writings in theology and social ethics attest to the variety and depth of his concern, but of special significance is his contribution toward the construction of a distinctly Christian philosophy relevant to the twentieth century. Although Temple did not work out a systematic formulation of his Christian philosophy, the bases for a Christian philosophy are never­ theless evident in his position. It is the purpose of the present work to enter sympathetically and critically into the major facets of Temple's position and to weave together, as far as is legitimate, the separate strands of his thought into a meaningful, even if not a completely unified, Christian philosophy. The intent is not simply to present Temple's conclusions on a variety of philosophical and theological issues; rather, Temple's position is developed systematically, and the arguments for the conclusions at which he arrived are carefully ex­ pounded.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. IntroductionA. Purpose and Plan -- B. The Unity of Temple’s Christian Philosophy -- C. The Major Influences on Temple’s Life and Thought -- I The Construction of a Christian Philosophy -- 2. The Philosophic Enterprise -- 3. The Knowledge Venture -- 4. The Understanding of Reality -- 5. The Relevance of Christian Philosophy -- II A Christian Philosophy of Personality: Human and Divine -- 6. Process and Personality -- 7. Human Personality -- 8. Divine Personality -- 9. Justification for Theism -- 10. From Theism to a Metaphysics of the Incarnation -- III A Christian Philosophy of Personal and Social Morality -- 11. Personal Ethics -- 12. The Need of Ethics for Religion -- 13. Christian Social Thought -- IV A Christian Philosophy of History -- 14. The Historical Process -- 15. History and Eternity -- V Evaluation and Reconstruction of Temple’s Christian Philosophy -- 16. Philosophy and the Christian Faith -- 17. Human Personality -- 18. The Category of the Personal and the Problem of God -- 19. The Person in Relation to Society -- 20. God and the Meaning of History.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2042-8
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  • 30
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    The Problem of Knowledge : Prolegomena to an Epistemology (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401016421
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 131 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of mind ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Finding descriptive titles for books devoted to central issues in philosophy can often become a problem; it is very difficult to be original. Thus the title that I have given to this book is far from novel, having already been used several times by other authors. Nevertheless, I think that I can fairly claim to have employed it in a way that no one else has done before. Concerning my subtitle, some comments are in order. I have added it to emphasize my views regarding the nature and scope of epistemology. In particular, I wish to draw attention to the fact that I conceive its subject matter quite broadly. Rather than equating it, as is often done, with "theory of knowledge," I believe that epistemology should concern itself with the philosophical investigation of human belief in general. The two categories of human belief of most importance to the epistemologist are knowledge and what I shall call in the book "reasonable belief. " In my opinion a complete epistemology must take account of both, attempting to resolve the problems that are peculiar to each. For reasons that I give in the book I believe that knowledge and its problems must be the first concern of the epistemologist. Only after he has developed a satisfactory theory of knowledge can he tum, with any hope of success, to the formu­ lation of a theory of reasonable belief
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-1642-1
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  • 31
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    Imagination and Reason in Plato, Aristotle, Vico, Rousseau and Keats : An Essay on the Philosophy of Experience (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401020398
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 76 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Metaphysics.
    Abstract: I. Introduction -- II. Plato: Author of the Philosopher’s Tragedy -- III. Aristotle: The Artful in Nature and the Natural in Art -- IV. Vico: Poetic and Rational Metaphysics -- V. Rousseau’s Men: As Nature Makes Them, and as They make Themselves -- VI. John Keats: An Eagle and a Truth -- VII. Imagination, Reason, and the Precarious Nature of Existence -- Bibliographical Note.
    Abstract: The present essay grew out of an inte:rest in exploring the relationship be­ tween "imagination" and "reason" in the history of naturalistic thinking. The essay tries to show something of the spirit of naturalism coming to terms with the place of imagination and reason in knowing, making, and doing as activities of human experience. This spirit is discussed by taking as its point of departure the thinking of five writers: Plato, Aristotle, Giam­ battista Vieo, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and John Keats. Plato and Aristotle are considered as spokesmen of reason in a world which appeared to be dominated by non-reason. They found it essential for human beings to try to learn how to distinguish between the work of imagin­ ation and the work of reason. In trying to make such a distinction, it becomes clear that imagination has its legitimate place, along with reason, in human activity. Or we might say that determining the place which each has is a continuing problem when human beings take seriously what is involved in shaping mind and character.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. IntroductionII. Plato: Author of the Philosopher’s Tragedy -- III. Aristotle: The Artful in Nature and the Natural in Art -- IV. Vico: Poetic and Rational Metaphysics -- V. Rousseau’s Men: As Nature Makes Them, and as They make Themselves -- VI. John Keats: An Eagle and a Truth -- VII. Imagination, Reason, and the Precarious Nature of Existence -- Bibliographical Note.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2039-8
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  • 32
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    A Desirable World : Essays in Honor of Professor Bart Landheer (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401020831
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (232p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Anthropology
    Abstract: Biography and the Thoughtworld of the West -- Structure and Authority in International Relations -- Boundaries in Society -- In dit volle land -- De veranderende mens -- A Gandhian Perspective of Social Change -- Gaan wij met de technische ontwikkeling de goede kant uit? -- Erziehungsziel und offene Pädagogik -- Civilizations: A Proposed Conception -- 1790: A Turning Point in the Life of a Word -- Dialoog en wereldsamenleving -- Demokratische Elemente in Theorie und Praxis des Johannes Althusius -- De Praagse Lente, een concrete utopie -- Die Wittelsbacher in Holland -- On the Transcendence of National Socialization related Reductions of Man, Space, and the “Others” -- Waar begint “Vredesopbouw” -- Internationale verhandelingen en ethiek -- Bij de eerste evaluatie van DD 2 -- Is theoretische bezinning op de staat nog zinvol? -- Peace through Power: Towards an International Polity -- Réflexions sur les droits de l’homme en rapport avec les derniersuis développements de la science et de la technique -- Die Umkehrbarkeit von Völkerrechtsregeln -- Falende ontwapening en de theorie van de internationale betrekkingen: een onderzoeksvoorstel -- Research on International Organizations in Poland -- Neue Tendenzen in der internationalen Gewerkschaftsbewegung -- Loyaliteit, verraad en het oorlogsprobleem -- Integration Theory and International Relations Theory: A Connection to Establish -- Hoe kan Nederland zich inzetten voor de vrede? -- About the Authors -- Selective Bibliography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Biography and the Thoughtworld of the WestStructure and Authority in International Relations -- Boundaries in Society -- In dit volle land -- De veranderende mens -- A Gandhian Perspective of Social Change -- Gaan wij met de technische ontwikkeling de goede kant uit? -- Erziehungsziel und offene Pädagogik -- Civilizations: A Proposed Conception -- 1790: A Turning Point in the Life of a Word -- Dialoog en wereldsamenleving -- Demokratische Elemente in Theorie und Praxis des Johannes Althusius -- De Praagse Lente, een concrete utopie -- Die Wittelsbacher in Holland -- On the Transcendence of National Socialization related Reductions of Man, Space, and the “Others” -- Waar begint “Vredesopbouw” -- Internationale verhandelingen en ethiek -- Bij de eerste evaluatie van DD 2 -- Is theoretische bezinning op de staat nog zinvol? -- Peace through Power: Towards an International Polity -- Réflexions sur les droits de l’homme en rapport avec les derniersuis développements de la science et de la technique -- Die Umkehrbarkeit von Völkerrechtsregeln -- Falende ontwapening en de theorie van de internationale betrekkingen: een onderzoeksvoorstel -- Research on International Organizations in Poland -- Neue Tendenzen in der internationalen Gewerkschaftsbewegung -- Loyaliteit, verraad en het oorlogsprobleem -- Integration Theory and International Relations Theory: A Connection to Establish -- Hoe kan Nederland zich inzetten voor de vrede? -- About the Authors -- Selective Bibliography.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2083-1
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  • 33
    Book
    Book
    Max Weber : Gesellschaft, Politik und Geschichte (1974)
    Frankfurt am Main :Suhrkamp,
    Details
    ISBN: 3-518-07653-1
    Language: German
    Pages: 280 S.
    Edition: 1. Aufl.
    Series Statement: Suhrkamp-Taschenbuch Wissenschaft 53
    Series Statement: Suhrkamp-Taschenbuch Wissenschaft
    DDC: 300.1
    RVK:
    MR 4000
    RVK:
    MQ 3911
    RVK:
    MQ 3912
    RVK:
    MR 4972
    RVK:
    NB 6315
    Keywords: Weber, Max 〈1864-1920〉 ; Weber, Max ; Geschiedschrijving ; Marxisme ; Politieke filosofie ; Sociologie ; Geschichtsschreibung ; Marxismus ; Politische Philosophie ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Soziologie ; Social sciences ; Politisches Denken. ; Geschichtsdenken. ; Sozialwissenschaften. ; Aufsatzsammlung ; 1864-1920 Weber, Max ; Politisches Denken ; 1864-1920 Weber, Max ; Geschichtsdenken ; 1864-1920 Weber, Max ; Sozialwissenschaften
    URL: http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=001291153&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
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    HU Berlin
  • 34
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    The Commentary of Conrad of Prussia on the De Ente et Essentia of St. Thomas Aquinas : Introduction and Comments (1974)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401509152
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 203 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Religion. ; Religion—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I. Introduction -- 1. The man, Conrad of Prussia -- 2. The manuscript -- 3. Conrad’s division of the De Ente et Essentia -- 4. The transcription -- 5. Unlocated quotations -- 6. The date of composition of Conrad’s commentary -- 7. Good and bad, worthwhile nonetheless -- 8. Other commentaries on the De Ente et Essentia -- II Conrad’s Commentary -- Prooemium Conradi de Prusya -- Lectio I -- Lectio II -- Lectio III -- Lectio IV -- Lectio V -- Lectio VI -- Lectio VII -- Lectio VIII -- Lectio IX -- Lectio X -- Lectio XI -- Lectio XII -- Lectio XIII -- Lectio XIV -- Lectio XV -- Lectio XVI -- III. Comments on Conred’s Commentary -- Conrad’s prooemium -- 1. The nature of philosophy -- 2. How the De Ente et Essentia is related to other parts of philosophy -- 3. The four causes of the De Ente Essentia -- Conrad’s lectiones -- Opening comment -- Lectio I -- Lectio II -- Lectio III -- Lectio IV -- Lectio V -- Lectio VI -- Lectio VII -- Lectio VIII -- Lectio IX -- Lectio X -- Lectio XI -- Lectio XII -- Lectio XIII -- Lectio XIV -- Lectio XV -- Lectio XVI -- Concluding comment.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-0915-2
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  • 35
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    Punishment and Desert (1973)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401020275
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (170p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: I. Moral Justification -- II. Definitions,Justification and Punishment -- a. ‘Punishment’ is an activity-word -- b. Punishment involves some imposition -- c. Punishment is meted out for moral wrongs -- d. Punishment is inflicted on offenders -- e. Must punishment be administered by an authority? -- f. Punishment as a moral notion -- III. The Concept of Desert -- a. The deserving -- b. The deserved -- c. The grounds of desert -- IV. Getting What One Deserves -- The authority to punish -- V. Desert, Punishment and Justice -- a. Justice vs. utility -- b. Justice and mercy -- c. Justice and forgiveness -- VI. Punishment and Responsibility -- a. Problems of determining responsibility -- b. Responsibility as alterability -- c. The elimination of responsibility -- d. Moral and legal responsibility -- VII. Getting as Much as One Deserves -- a. Scaling deserts -- b. Lex talionis -- c. An alternative -- d. Institutionalized penalties -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: Superficial acquaintance with the literature on punishment leaves a fairly definite impression. There are two approaches to punishment - retributive and utilitarian - and while some attempts may be made to reconcile them, it is the former rather than the latter which requires the reconciliation. Taken by itself the retributive approach is primitive and unenlightened, falling short of the rational civilized humanitarian values which we have now acquired. Certainly this is the dominant impression left by 'popular' discussions of the SUbject. And retributive vs. utilitarian seems to be the mould in which most philosophical dis­ cussions are cast. The issues are far more complex than this. Punishment may be con­ sidered in a great variety of contexts - legal, educational, parental, theological, informal, etc. - and in each of these contexts several im­ portant moral questions arise. Approaches which see only a simple choice between retributivism and utilitarianism tend to obscure this variety and plurality. But even more seriously, the distinction between retributivism and utilitarianism is far from clear. That it reflects the traditional distinction between deontological and teleological ap­ proaches to ethics serves to transfer rather than to resolve the un­ clarity. Usually it is said that retributive approaches seek to justify acts by reference to features which are intrinsic to them, whereas utilitarian approaches appeal to the consequences of such acts. This, however, makes assumptions about the individuation of acts which are difficult to justify.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Moral JustificationII. Definitions,Justification and Punishment -- a. ‘Punishment’ is an activity-word -- b. Punishment involves some imposition -- c. Punishment is meted out for moral wrongs -- d. Punishment is inflicted on offenders -- e. Must punishment be administered by an authority? -- f. Punishment as a moral notion -- III. The Concept of Desert -- a. The deserving -- b. The deserved -- c. The grounds of desert -- IV. Getting What One Deserves -- The authority to punish -- V. Desert, Punishment and Justice -- a. Justice vs. utility -- b. Justice and mercy -- c. Justice and forgiveness -- VI. Punishment and Responsibility -- a. Problems of determining responsibility -- b. Responsibility as alterability -- c. The elimination of responsibility -- d. Moral and legal responsibility -- VII. Getting as Much as One Deserves -- a. Scaling deserts -- b. Lex talionis -- c. An alternative -- d. Institutionalized penalties -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2027-5
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  • 36
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    Winston Churchill and the German Question in British Foreign Policy, 1918-1922 (1973)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401510967
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (193p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Political science. ; Economic policy.
    Abstract: I: Peacemaking with Germany, 1918–1919 -- i. The Conclusion of an Armistice: “Effectual Guarantees” or Unconditional Surrender -- ii. Responsibility and Retribution -- iii. Safeguards and Security: Churchill’s attitude to Allied military occupation, and his attempts to create an independent Rhineland -- iv. Easing the Blockade: Churchill’s Aldwych Club speech and his plan to counter the spread of Bolshevism in Germany -- v. Churchill’s Critique of the Paris Peace Conference -- II: The Russo-German Question, 1918–1920 -- i. The Menace of Russo-German Conjunction -- ii. The Case for Preventive War -- iii. The Military Situation in Russia: Churchill’s assessments and their impact upon his attitude towards Germany, January-April 1919 -- iv. The anti-Bolshevists Fail to Sustain their Offensive: Churchill suggests an Anglo-German modus vivendi as a complementary check against conjunction, May–December 1919 -- v. Churchill Resolves to Abandon the anti-Bolshevist Cause, January–February 1920 -- vi. “The Very Great and Imminent Danger” of Polish Collapse, July–August 1920: Churchill again proposes an Anglo-German agreement to deter conj unction -- vii. Conjunction Averted -- III: Foundations for a German Policy, 1920–1922 -- i. Two Proposals for Securing an Agreed Anglo-French German Policy -- ii. Churchill and Lloyd George dispute the Merits of a Coercive Approach -- iii. The Perils of Pragmatism -- iv. The Ascendancy of British Interests -- Conclusion.
    Abstract: It was in the early summer of 1906 that Violet Bonham Carter first met Winston Churchill: an encounter which left an "indelible im­ pression" upon her. "I found myself," she recalled, sitting next to this young man who seemed to me quite different from any other young man I had ever met. For a long time he remained sunk in abstraction. Then he appeared to become aware of my existence. He turned on me a lowering gaze and asked me abruptly how old I was. I replied that I was nineteen. "And I," he said almost despairingly, "am thirty-two already. Younger than anyone else who counts, though," he added, as if to comfort himself. Then savagely: "Curse ruthless time! Curse our own mortality! How cruelly short is the allotted span for all we must cram into it!" And he burst forth into an eloquent diatribe on the shortness of human life, the immensity of possible human accomplishment - a theme so well exploited by the poets, prophets and philosophers of all ages that it might seem difficult to invest it with a new life and startling significance. Yet for me he did so, in a torrent of magnificent language which appeared to be both effortless and inexhaustible and ended up with the words I shall always remember: "We are all worms. But I do believe that I am a glow worm.
    Description / Table of Contents: I: Peacemaking with Germany, 1918-1919i. The Conclusion of an Armistice: “Effectual Guarantees” or Unconditional Surrender -- ii. Responsibility and Retribution -- iii. Safeguards and Security: Churchill’s attitude to Allied military occupation, and his attempts to create an independent Rhineland -- iv. Easing the Blockade: Churchill’s Aldwych Club speech and his plan to counter the spread of Bolshevism in Germany -- v. Churchill’s Critique of the Paris Peace Conference -- II: The Russo-German Question, 1918-1920 -- i. The Menace of Russo-German Conjunction -- ii. The Case for Preventive War -- iii. The Military Situation in Russia: Churchill’s assessments and their impact upon his attitude towards Germany, January-April 1919 -- iv. The anti-Bolshevists Fail to Sustain their Offensive: Churchill suggests an Anglo-German modus vivendi as a complementary check against conjunction, May-December 1919 -- v. Churchill Resolves to Abandon the anti-Bolshevist Cause, January-February 1920 -- vi. “The Very Great and Imminent Danger” of Polish Collapse, July-August 1920: Churchill again proposes an Anglo-German agreement to deter conj unction -- vii. Conjunction Averted -- III: Foundations for a German Policy, 1920-1922 -- i. Two Proposals for Securing an Agreed Anglo-French German Policy -- ii. Churchill and Lloyd George dispute the Merits of a Coercive Approach -- iii. The Perils of Pragmatism -- iv. The Ascendancy of British Interests -- Conclusion.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-1096-7
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  • 37
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    Heidegger and Jaspers on Nietzsche : A Critical Examination of Heidegger’s and Jaspers’ Interpretations of Nietzsche (1973)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401024433
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (229p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology
    Abstract: General Problems in Nietzsche Interpretation -- Special Problems in Jaspers’ Nietzsche Interpretation -- Special Problems in Heidegger’s Nietzsche Interpretation -- An Alternative Interpretation: A Fundamental Dualism -- I. Nietzsche as a Man and as a Philosopher -- The Relevance of Nietzsche’s Life to His Thought -- Nietzsche’s Extremism and Honesty: A Theory of Communication -- Nietzsche: Poet, Philosopher, Psychologist or Social Critic -- Summary -- II. Nietzsche’s Metaphysics and Epistemology -- Being and Becoming -- The Will to Power -- Nietzsche’s Doctrine of Truth -- Eternal Recurrence -- Transvaluation and Nihilism -- Some Concluding Remarks -- III. Nietzsche’s Philosophical Anthropology -- Nietzsche’s Theory of Man and the Will to Power -- The Death of God and Nihilism -- The Superman -- Nietzsche’s Ethics and the Transvaluation of All Values -- Eternal Recurrence, Truth and Truths -- Nietzsche’s Anthropocentrism -- Some Concluding Remarks -- IV. an Evaluation of Heidegger’s and Jaspers’ Interpretations -- How Jaspers Reads His Own Philosophy into Nietzsche’s -- How Heidegger Reads His Own Philosophy into Nietzsche’s -- Parallels-Nietzsche and Jaspers: An Expanded View -- Parallels-Nietzsche and Heidegger: An Expanded View -- Doctrines versus Contradictions -- V. an Alternative Interpretation: a Funda- Mental Dualism in Nietzsche’s Thought -- Nietzsche’s Metaphysics and Epistemology -- Nietzsche’s Philosophical Anthropology -- The Question of Telos -- Some Concluding Remarks -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: GENERAL PROBLEMS IN NIETZSCHE INTERPRETATION Every philosopher presents special problems of interpretation. With Nietzsche these problems are especially crucial. The very richness of Nietzsche's thought and expression becomes a trap for the incautious or imaginative mind. Perhaps the greatest temptation for the in­ terpreter of Nietzsche is to attempt to "systematize" his thought into a consistent whole. Any such attempt necessarily results in distortion, for there is a fluidity in Nietzsche's thought which does not lend itself to strict categorization. This is not to deny that there are certain organic patterns in his philosophy. These patterns emerge, however, as Jaspers correctly insists, only upon careful, critical comparison of pertinent passages drawn from the entire corpus of Nietzsche's works. No single passage can be taken as a definitive statement of Nietzsche's views of any particular subject. Frequently, by presenting two or three especially relevant quotations from the author being considered, the correctness of his interpretation. With Nietz­ a critic can support sche, however, such a procedure is inadequate, for in many cases other passages can be found which will support an alternative, if not oppo­ site, interpretation. Nor is this difficulty alleviated by vast compi­ lations of relevant passages, for then one could gain just as much, and quite likely more, from re-reading Nietzsche's works themselves.
    Description / Table of Contents: General Problems in Nietzsche InterpretationSpecial Problems in Jaspers’ Nietzsche Interpretation -- Special Problems in Heidegger’s Nietzsche Interpretation -- An Alternative Interpretation: A Fundamental Dualism -- I. Nietzsche as a Man and as a Philosopher -- The Relevance of Nietzsche’s Life to His Thought -- Nietzsche’s Extremism and Honesty: A Theory of Communication -- Nietzsche: Poet, Philosopher, Psychologist or Social Critic -- Summary -- II. Nietzsche’s Metaphysics and Epistemology -- Being and Becoming -- The Will to Power -- Nietzsche’s Doctrine of Truth -- Eternal Recurrence -- Transvaluation and Nihilism -- Some Concluding Remarks -- III. Nietzsche’s Philosophical Anthropology -- Nietzsche’s Theory of Man and the Will to Power -- The Death of God and Nihilism -- The Superman -- Nietzsche’s Ethics and the Transvaluation of All Values -- Eternal Recurrence, Truth and Truths -- Nietzsche’s Anthropocentrism -- Some Concluding Remarks -- IV. an Evaluation of Heidegger’s and Jaspers’ Interpretations -- How Jaspers Reads His Own Philosophy into Nietzsche’s -- How Heidegger Reads His Own Philosophy into Nietzsche’s -- Parallels-Nietzsche and Jaspers: An Expanded View -- Parallels-Nietzsche and Heidegger: An Expanded View -- Doctrines versus Contradictions -- V. an Alternative Interpretation: a Funda- Mental Dualism in Nietzsche’s Thought -- Nietzsche’s Metaphysics and Epistemology -- Nietzsche’s Philosophical Anthropology -- The Question of Telos -- Some Concluding Remarks -- Index of Names.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2443-3
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  • 38
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    The Essence of Manifestation (1973)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401023917
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 740 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Abstract: Introduction: The Problem of the Being of the Ego and the Fundamental Presuppositions of Ontology -- Section I. The Clarification of the Concept of Phenomenon: Ontological Monism -- Section II. The Repeating of the Clarification of the Concept of Phenomenon Transcendence and Immanence -- Section III. The Internal Structure of Immanence and the Problem of its Phenomenological Determination: The Invisible -- Section IV. The Fundamental Ontological Interpretation of the Original Essence of Revelation as Affectivity -- 71. The Problem of the Essence of Manifestation and ‘Splitting’ -- 72. Negativity Interpreted as a Category of Being -- 73. The Pseudo-Essence of Subjectivity and the Critique of Christianity -- 74. The Kingdom of Effective Presence and the Flight beyond All Effectiveness -- 75. Time and the Problem of the Manifestation of the Concept -- 76. Alienation: Finitude and the Inadequacy of Objective Manifestation -- 77. The Effort toward Absolute Knowledge.
    Abstract: This book was born of a refusal, the refusal of the very philosophy from which it has sprung. After the war, when it had become apparent that the classical tradition, and particularly neo-Kantianism, was breathing its last, French thought looked to Germany for its inspiration and renewal. Jean Hyppolite and Kojeve reintroduced Hegel and the "existentialists" and phenomenologists drew the attention of a curious public to the fundamental investigations of Husserl and Heidegger. If only by being understood as a phenomenological ontology, this books speaks eloquently enough of the debt it owes to these thinkers of genius. The conceptual material which it uses, particn1arly in chapters 1 to 44, outlines the Husserlian and Heideggerian horizon of the investigations. However, it is precisely this horizon which is questioned. In spite of its profundity and achievements, I wanted to show that contemporary ontology pushes to the absolute the presuppositions and the limits of the philosophy of consciousness since Descartes and even of all Western philosophy since the Greeks. An 'External' critique, viz. the opposing of one thesis to another, wonld have no sense whatever. Rather, it is interior to these presuppositions whose insufficiency had to be shown that we placed ourselves; the very concepts which were rejected were also the ones which guided the problem initially.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: The Problem of the Being of the Ego and the Fundamental Presuppositions of OntologySection I. The Clarification of the Concept of Phenomenon: Ontological Monism -- Section II. The Repeating of the Clarification of the Concept of Phenomenon Transcendence and Immanence -- Section III. The Internal Structure of Immanence and the Problem of its Phenomenological Determination: The Invisible -- Section IV. The Fundamental Ontological Interpretation of the Original Essence of Revelation as Affectivity -- 71. The Problem of the Essence of Manifestation and ‘Splitting’ -- 72. Negativity Interpreted as a Category of Being -- 73. The Pseudo-Essence of Subjectivity and the Critique of Christianity -- 74. The Kingdom of Effective Presence and the Flight beyond All Effectiveness -- 75. Time and the Problem of the Manifestation of the Concept -- 76. Alienation: Finitude and the Inadequacy of Objective Manifestation -- 77. The Effort toward Absolute Knowledge.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2391-7
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  • 39
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    Our Cultural Agony (1973)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401023955
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (213p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Anthropology ; Self. ; Philosophy of mind.
    Abstract: The Contemporary Anthropocentric World -- 1. A Dynamic Wortd -- 2. Man’s Supremacy in the technological World -- 3. Anthropocentric “stabilization” of Things -- 4. Things of the Technological World -- I. Godlessness -- 1. Some Traits of Mythical and Modern Man -- 2. The Anthropocentric Character of the Modern World -- 3. Technocracy -- 4. Godlessness and Philosophy -- 5. Godless Muta -- 6. Poetical Aspects of Culture -- 7. The Twilight of Gods -- 8. Godlessness and Things -- 9. Godless Confusion and Godly Ambiguity -- 10. The Youth of the Technocratic World -- II. The. Event of Culture -- 1. Philosophy and Things -- 2. Rational and Existential Things -- 3. Man and Animals -- 4. The Community -- 5. Culture’s Finitude -- III. Christianity -- 1. Christianity in General -- 2. Judaism -- 3. The Ecumenical Spirit -- 4. Prayer -- 5. Christianity and Culture -- 6. The Relativity of Christianity -- 7. Christianity’s Incarnation in Culture -- IV. Nature’s Play -- 1. Histocricity -- 2. Nature’s Play -- 3. Man in Nature’s Play -- 4. Animism -- 5. Individuality and Selfhood -- 6. Philosophical and Mythical Thinking -- 7. A Search for Gods.
    Abstract: Cultural twilight means cultural disintegration or death. It means cul­ tural agony. Such agony gradually fades into the dawn of tomorrow's culture, just as the twilight of a summer's evening proceeds into the daylight of the forthcoming day. Consequently cultural twilight or agony simul­ taneously is the dawn - the milieu of birth - of future gods. With these words a close interbelonging of the recently published SEARCH FOR GoDS with the present study, OUR CULTURAL AGONY, is stressed. Both of these books belong together and constitute one and the same "story". While SEARCH FOR GODS deals with man of tomorrow in his venture to find the way which would lead him to his dawning gods, OUR CULTURAL AGONY attempts to disclose contemporary man's ways of erring - his stray­ ing ways. Moreover, just as the way towards man's future gods is simul­ taneously his way to his true cultural self, so are his straying ways his ways of a lack of self. Man's way to his true self is his authentic, innermost, "bloody" or "ex-istential" way, while the way of his lack of self is his inauthentic way. The inauthentic ways, generally speaking, are "democratic" ways: they are the public and common ways of modem society, most typical or characteristic of it. Accordingly, while SEARCH FOR GODS has an indi­ vidualistic character, OUR CULTURAL AGONY has a social character.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Contemporary Anthropocentric World1. A Dynamic Wortd -- 2. Man’s Supremacy in the technological World -- 3. Anthropocentric “stabilization” of Things -- 4. Things of the Technological World -- I. Godlessness -- 1. Some Traits of Mythical and Modern Man -- 2. The Anthropocentric Character of the Modern World -- 3. Technocracy -- 4. Godlessness and Philosophy -- 5. Godless Muta -- 6. Poetical Aspects of Culture -- 7. The Twilight of Gods -- 8. Godlessness and Things -- 9. Godless Confusion and Godly Ambiguity -- 10. The Youth of the Technocratic World -- II. The. Event of Culture -- 1. Philosophy and Things -- 2. Rational and Existential Things -- 3. Man and Animals -- 4. The Community -- 5. Culture’s Finitude -- III. Christianity -- 1. Christianity in General -- 2. Judaism -- 3. The Ecumenical Spirit -- 4. Prayer -- 5. Christianity and Culture -- 6. The Relativity of Christianity -- 7. Christianity’s Incarnation in Culture -- IV. Nature’s Play -- 1. Histocricity -- 2. Nature’s Play -- 3. Man in Nature’s Play -- 4. Animism -- 5. Individuality and Selfhood -- 6. Philosophical and Mythical Thinking -- 7. A Search for Gods.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2395-5
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  • 40
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    Inside the Great Mirror : A Critical Examination of the Philosophy of Russell, Wittgenstein, and their Followers (1973)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401023696
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (228p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, Modern.
    Abstract: Russell’s Early Philosophy -- An Inventory of the World -- Infidelity to Realism -- A Commentary to Wittgenstein’s Tractatus -- to the Commentary -- A Commentary to the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus -- Conclusions from the Commentary -- The Viennese and English Disciples -- Viennese Positivism in the United States -- Linguistic Analysis Versus Metaphysics -- The Saving Elements -- The Metaphysics of Logical Positivism -- Reflections after Wittgenstein’s Philosophical Investigations.
    Abstract: physical realist heavily bverlaid with the interpretation afforded by linguistic analysis, so he changed, too. But at the time, which was approximately during the second decade of the twentieth century, they were no doubt very close in their views. Russell acknowledged the influence of Wittgenstein in several places in the 1918 lectures on logical atomism. Wittgenstein might not have written the Tractatus had Russell not given the lectures on logical atomism, or at least had he not maintained the views there expressed. Certainly it is true in a very large sense that the Tractatus may be interpreted as a commentary on the 1918 lectures of Russell. Wittgenstein certainly did not hear them but, as Russell said, the topics were discussed together; and the debt of the Tractatus to the views of the contents of the lectures is obvious. Since Wittgenstein was the pupil and Russell the teacher, we may assume, despite the mutual influence, that the greater effect was Russell's. There is no space in which to go into a thorough analysis of the predecessors of Wittgenstein and of the influences upon him. In addition, there is not sufficient data. One clue, however, we are given. One of his friends has informed us that Wittgenstein "did read and enjoy Plato" and "recognized congenial features" in his philosophical method 1, although, to be sure, Wittgenstein is not said to have been a great reader of philosophy.
    Description / Table of Contents: Russell’s Early PhilosophyAn Inventory of the World -- Infidelity to Realism -- A Commentary to Wittgenstein’s Tractatus -- to the Commentary -- A Commentary to the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus -- Conclusions from the Commentary -- The Viennese and English Disciples -- Viennese Positivism in the United States -- Linguistic Analysis Versus Metaphysics -- The Saving Elements -- The Metaphysics of Logical Positivism -- Reflections after Wittgenstein’s Philosophical Investigations.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2369-6
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  • 41
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    The Social Dynamics of George H. Mead (1973)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401024082
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (122p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Sociology.
    Abstract: I: Prologue -- II: The Development Of Mead’S Thought -- “Mind, Self, and Society”—The First Phase -- Mind -- Self -- Society -- “The Philosophy of the act”—The Second Phase -- The Act -- The Object -- Process -- “The Philosophy of the Present”—The Third Phase -- Temporality -- Emergence -- Perspectives -- The Object -- III: Critical Examination of Major Themes in Mead’s Thought -- The Self -- The Body and the Self -- The “I”— “Me” Dialectic -- Other Selves -- Proto-linguistic Awareness of the Other -- “Being-with” Others -- The Generalized Other -- The Act -- Temporality -- Sociality -- IV: Epilogue -- Additional Bibliography.
    Abstract: Twelve years after his Origin of Species, Charles Darwin published his Descent of Man. If the first book brought the gases of philosophi­ cal controversy to fever heat, the second exploded them in fiery roars. The issue was the nature, the condition, and the destiny of genus humanum. According to the prevailing Genteel Tradition mankind was a congregation of embodied immortal souls, each with its fixed identity, rights and duties, living together with its immortal neigh­ bors under conditions imposed by "the laws of nature and of nature's God." Obedience or disobedience of these laws destined all to eternal bliss or eternal damnation. What had come to be called "evolution" was assimilated to the Tradition in diverse interpretations such as John Fiske's, Henry Drummond's and Charles Pierce's. Their common ten­ dency was to establish "evolution" as somehow the method whereby divine providence ordains the conditions under which man accom­ plishes his destiny. The most productive competitor of the Genteel Tradition went by various names, with positivism, materialism and naturalism the most telling. Its success as competitor was not due to its theological or metaphysical import. Its success flowed from its mode of observing how effects or results, those undesired as well as those desired, got produced. Unified and generalized, these observations were taken for notations of causal sequences always and everywhere the same, thus for laws of "nature" to whose workings "the providence of God" added nothing productive and could be and was dispensed with.
    Description / Table of Contents: I: PrologueII: The Development Of Mead’S Thought -- “Mind, Self, and Society”-The First Phase -- Mind -- Self -- Society -- “The Philosophy of the act”-The Second Phase -- The Act -- The Object -- Process -- “The Philosophy of the Present”-The Third Phase -- Temporality -- Emergence -- Perspectives -- The Object -- III: Critical Examination of Major Themes in Mead’s Thought -- The Self -- The Body and the Self -- The “I”- “Me” Dialectic -- Other Selves -- Proto-linguistic Awareness of the Other -- “Being-with” Others -- The Generalized Other -- The Act -- Temporality -- Sociality -- IV: Epilogue -- Additional Bibliography.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2408-2
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  • 42
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    Wittgenstein’s Language (1973)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401024501
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (236p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy, modern ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I Prologue -- I. Philosophy and Language -- II Travelling across the Landscape -- Reminders -- II. The Landscape -- III. The Sketch -- IV. The Remark -- V. ‘You’ and ‘I’ -- VI. Grammar -- VII. Natural History -- VIII. Therapy -- III Reflecting on the Album -- IX. Logic and Language -- X. Understanding Philosophical Investigations -- XI. The African Doctor -- IV Epilogue -- XII. Reflections on the Philosophy of Language.
    Abstract: One of the first things to strike the reader of Wittgenstein's writings is the unique power of his style. One immediately notices the intriguing and arrangement of the paragraphs in Philosophical Investi­ composition gations, or the stark assertiveness of the sentences in the Tractatus Logico­ Philosophicus. A sense of the singular style being employed is unavoidable, even before the reader understands anything of what is happening philos­ ophically. Perhaps precisely for this reason it is too often assumed that coming to understand either work has little or nothing to do with re­ sponding to its form. The unusual style is a mere curiousity decorating the vehicle of Wittgenstein's ideas. Form is assigned a purely incidental import, there is a coincidence of this or that rhetorical flair with the yet to be determined content of the thoughts. The remarkableness of the style is perhaps registered in a tidy obiter dictum standing beside the more arduous task of discovering the substance of the ideas being presented. our interest, or at Wittgenstein's peculiar way of writing ably captures least our attention, but it bears only minor philosophical import. Though not unprecedented as a form of philosophical composition, it does not conform to the currently acceptable conventions; hence Wittgenstein's style is often thought to stand in the way of understanding his meaning. Such assumptions can be harmless for certain types of writing; however it does not appear as though Wittgenstein's is one of these.
    Description / Table of Contents: I PrologueI. Philosophy and Language -- II Travelling across the Landscape -- Reminders -- II. The Landscape -- III. The Sketch -- IV. The Remark -- V. ‘You’ and ‘I’ -- VI. Grammar -- VII. Natural History -- VIII. Therapy -- III Reflecting on the Album -- IX. Logic and Language -- X. Understanding Philosophical Investigations -- XI. The African Doctor -- IV Epilogue -- XII. Reflections on the Philosophy of Language.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2450-1
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  • 43
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    Hume : Precursor of Modern Empiricism (1973)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401507073
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (236p) , online resource
    Edition: Second revised edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy—History. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy, Modern.
    Abstract: One / The Principle of Meaning -- 1 The Critique of Metaphysics -- 2 The Limit of Human Knowledge -- 3 The Principle of the Priority of Impressions to Ideas -- 4 The Application of the Principle -- 5 Meaning and Complex Ideas -- 6 Summary of the Chapter -- Two / Evaluation of Hume’s Principle -- 1 Introduction -- 2 On the Relation of Impressions and Ideas. -- 3 On the Relation of Words and Impressions -- 4 The Difficulty with the Recurrence of Impressions -- 5 The Difficulty with the Privacy of Impressions.. -- 6 The Difficulty of Establishing Meaning by Looking for the Origin of Ideas -- Three / The Principle of Ana ytici -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Statement of the Principle -- 3 An Analysis of Hume’s Principle -- 4 Hume’s Explanation of Logical Concepts. -- 5 Hume’s View of Logic -- 6 Summary of the Chapter -- Four / Statement of the Problem -- 1 Historical Setting -- 2 The Empiricists’ Dilemma -- 3 A Brief Comparison -- 4 The Main Issue -- Five / The Domain of Deductive Reason -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Knowledge and Its Objects -- 3 The Science of Arithmetic -- 4 The Science of Geometry -- 5 Is Knowledge Attainable? -- 6 Conclusion of the Chapter -- Six / The Domain of Inductive Reason -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Foundation of Empirical Knowledge -- 3 The Problem of Induction -- 4 Matters of Fact -- 5 Evaluation of Hume’s Problem of Induction. -- Seven / Summary and Conclusion.
    Abstract: David Hume is the most influential precursor of modern empiri­ cism. By modern empiricism, I intend a belief that all cognitive conflicts can be resolved, in principle, by either appeal to matters off act, via scientific procedure, or by appeal to some sets of natural or conventional standards, whether linguistic, mathematical, aes­ thetic or political. This belief itself is a consequent of an old appre­ hension that all synthetic knowledge is based on experience, and that the rest can be reduced to a set of self-evident truths. In this broad sense, Modern Empiricism encompasses classes, such as Logi­ cal Empiricism, Logical Atomism and Philosophical Analysis, and unique individuals such as Russell and Moore. It excludes, thereby, the present day continental philosophies, such as Thomism, Exist­ entialism, and Dialectical Materialism. Modem empiricists, to be sure, are influenced by many other phi­ losophers. Locke, Berkeley, and Mill, among the classical empiri­ cists, and Leibniz and Kant, among the rationalists (the former especially on the logico-mathematical side) in one way or other are responsible for the appearance of empiricism in its new form. But none of them were as influential as Hume. This, by itself is not news. Weinberg, in his well-known book, An Examination of Logical Positivism, observes that: Many, if not all, of the principal doctrines of contemporary positivism derive from Hume.
    Description / Table of Contents: One / The Principle of Meaning1 The Critique of Metaphysics -- 2 The Limit of Human Knowledge -- 3 The Principle of the Priority of Impressions to Ideas -- 4 The Application of the Principle -- 5 Meaning and Complex Ideas -- 6 Summary of the Chapter -- Two / Evaluation of Hume’s Principle -- 1 Introduction -- 2 On the Relation of Impressions and Ideas. -- 3 On the Relation of Words and Impressions -- 4 The Difficulty with the Recurrence of Impressions -- 5 The Difficulty with the Privacy of Impressions. -- 6 The Difficulty of Establishing Meaning by Looking for the Origin of Ideas -- Three / The Principle of Ana ytici -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Statement of the Principle -- 3 An Analysis of Hume’s Principle -- 4 Hume’s Explanation of Logical Concepts. -- 5 Hume’s View of Logic -- 6 Summary of the Chapter -- Four / Statement of the Problem -- 1 Historical Setting -- 2 The Empiricists’ Dilemma -- 3 A Brief Comparison -- 4 The Main Issue -- Five / The Domain of Deductive Reason -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Knowledge and Its Objects -- 3 The Science of Arithmetic -- 4 The Science of Geometry -- 5 Is Knowledge Attainable? -- 6 Conclusion of the Chapter -- Six / The Domain of Inductive Reason -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Foundation of Empirical Knowledge -- 3 The Problem of Induction -- 4 Matters of Fact -- 5 Evaluation of Hume’s Problem of Induction. -- Seven / Summary and Conclusion.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-0707-3
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  • 44
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    The Journalists and the July Revolution in France : The Role of the Political Press in the Overthrow of the Bourbon Restoration 1827-1830 (1973)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401509817
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 283 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Architecture ; History ; Political science.
    Abstract: Journalism in the Reign of Charles X: The Social and Political Setting -- I. Liberty of the Press in the Restoration -- II. Parisian Journals and Journalists in the Late Restoration -- III. Political Journalism in the Fall of the Villèle Ministry, 1827–1828: A Preview of Revolution -- IV. Political Journalism and the Martignac Ministry, 1828–1829: The Failure of Conciliation -- V. The Political Press and the Parti-Prêtre: The Anticlerical Campaign of 1828–1829 -- VI. The Press in the Crisis of August 8, 1829 -- VII. The New Militant Press -- VIII. Legal Resistance: The Breton Association and the Press -- IX. Winter Quarters: November, 1829 — February, 1830 -- X. The Press and the “221” -- XI. Judicial Ordeals, February-March, 1830 -- XII. “The King will not Yield” -- XIII. “It is Life or Death” -- XIV. The Journalists in the Trois Glorieuses -- XV. The Revolutionary Influence of Journalism -- Appendices.
    Abstract: The "July Revolution" of 1830 in France overthrew the King, brought down the Bourbon dynasty, and ended the fifteen-year era known as the Restoration. lt established the "July Monarchy" of Louis-Philippe, citizen­ King of the Hause of Orleans, a regime also destined for extinction eighteen years later. Although the 1848 revolt is of somewhat greater domestic political importance and considerably greater in its European scope and its social implications, the July Revolution of 1830 should not be relegated to the lower Ievels of historical consciousness. Yet, in modern times, even in France, relatively few works have been published concerning either the Restoration or the revolution which terminated it. New interpretations, such as the excellent works of Bertier de Sauvigny and David Pinkney have awakened the enthusiasm of scholars; but in general, the intrinsic importance of this period has been slighted for nearly a century. There are reasons for this inattention: At first glance, the era seems retrograde, born of a conservative reaction; and placid - it falls between Napoleon's giant earthquake on one side, and on the other, the dynamics of European nationalism, imperialism, and the class struggle. But the Restoration was neither archaic nor calm. lt was, for all its manifest anachronisms, an age of rapid political, cultural, and social growth. France, during these years, was maturing and ripening toward nationhood - and toward the collision of many complex forces, culminating in revolution.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-0981-7
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  • 45
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    Mind-Body: A Categorial Relation (1973)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401507660
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (170p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Medicine—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I. Introduction -- A. Occasions for an Investigation -- B. Categories and Categorial Accounts -- C. Programs of Investigation -- D. Legitimacy of This Investigation -- II. A Phenomenology of Mind and Body -- A. Experience of Mind-Body -- B. A Phenomenological Outline of an Ontology -- III. Alternative Accounts -- A. Conflicting Ontologies -- B. Transcendental Requirements -- IV. A Transcendental Ontological Account -- A. A Dialectical Relation -- B. The Dialectic of Mind and Body -- C. Negative and Positive Dialectics and the Identity in Difference -- D. An Answer to the Quid Juris -- V. Ontological and Empirical Structures -- A. Transcendental and Empirical Science -- B. The Mind’s Embodiment -- G. Structural Integration and Independence of Mind and Body -- D. Psyche and Soma -- E. Conclusion.
    Abstract: The relation of mind and body is one of the central problems of post­ Cartesian times. It has precluded a unified theory of the positive sciences and prevented a satisfactory notion of man's psychophysical unity. Gen­ erally it has been treated as a problem of causality and solutions have been sought in various schemata of etiological relations. Proposals have ranged from that of reciprocal action between two substances and two causal streams to a reduction of all phenomena to a single causal stream involving a single class of substances. This investigation will abandon such schemata and attempt to start afresh. It will analyze the relation of strata of meaning involved and will be only tangentially concerned with the causal relations of mind and body. This investigation will view the relation of mind and body no longer as the association of two substances, two things, but as the integration of two levels of conceptual richness. This is a move from hypostatization, reification, to categorialization - a move from the opacity of things to the relative lucidity of their significance. It recognizes that philosophy seeks not new facts about being but rather a way of understanding the integration of widely diverse domains of facts. Here the goal is the expla­ nation of the unity of being, specifically the being of mind and body, in terms of thought - that for which being has significance and that for which incongruities of significance appear as a problem.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. IntroductionA. Occasions for an Investigation -- B. Categories and Categorial Accounts -- C. Programs of Investigation -- D. Legitimacy of This Investigation -- II. A Phenomenology of Mind and Body -- A. Experience of Mind-Body -- B. A Phenomenological Outline of an Ontology -- III. Alternative Accounts -- A. Conflicting Ontologies -- B. Transcendental Requirements -- IV. A Transcendental Ontological Account -- A. A Dialectical Relation -- B. The Dialectic of Mind and Body -- C. Negative and Positive Dialectics and the Identity in Difference -- D. An Answer to the Quid Juris -- V. Ontological and Empirical Structures -- A. Transcendental and Empirical Science -- B. The Mind’s Embodiment -- G. Structural Integration and Independence of Mind and Body -- D. Psyche and Soma -- E. Conclusion.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-0766-0
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  • 46
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    Persons: Theories and Perceptions (1973)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401508117
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (131p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern
    Abstract: This volume grew out of a dissatisfaction with some issues that seem to be rooted in the Empiricist tradition. At least since Locke, that which is perceived has enjoyed a major share in any systematic account of what we claim to know. A main purpose of this study therefore is first to distinguish, and subsequently to relate, what can be perceived and what can be under­ stood. To this end, the account of persons and personal identity begins with a description of selected types of sense perceptions. While writing a good part of the discussion on vision, I had the advantage of questioning Dr. P. B. Loder about the properties of light. She not only clarified some issues, but prevented several errors from creeping into the text, a result for which I am very grateful. I should like also to express my appreciation to Mrs. G. K. Stamm-Okkinga, who provided hospitality and a friendly interest from the beginning of this study. Finally I wish to thank Miss I. Ris and Mr. W. de Regt for their careful and resourceful preparation of the typescript.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-0811-7
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  • 47
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    Martin Heidegger: In Europe and America (1973)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401019811
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 200 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology
    Abstract: Heidegger today -- The nature of man and the world of nature for Heidegger’s 80th birthday -- Heidegger’s question: An exposition -- Heidegger on time and being -- Concerning empty and ful-filled time -- Heidegger and consciousness -- The mathematical and the hermeneutical: On Heidegger’s notion of the apriori -- The problem of language -- Language and reversal -- Language and two phenomenologies -- The work of art and other things -- Two Heideggerian analyses -- On the pattern of phenomenological method -- Heidegger seen from France.
    Abstract: When Heidegger's influence was at its zenith in Gennany from the early fifties to the early sixties, most serious students of philosophy in that country were deeply steeped in his thought. His students or students of his students filled many if not most of the major chairs in philosophy. A cloud of reputedly Black Forest mysticism veiled the perspective of many of his critics and admirers at home and abroad. Droves of people flocked to hear lectures by him that most could not understand, even on careful reading, much less on one hearing. He loomed so large that Being and Time frequently could not be seen as a highly imaginative, initial approach to a strictly limited set of questions, but was viewed either as an all-embracing fmt order catastrophy incorporating at once the most feared consequences of Boehme, Kierkegaard, RiIke, and Nietzsche, or as THE ANSWER. But most of that has past. Heidegger's dominance of Gennan philosophy has ceased. One can now brush aside the larger-than-life images of Heidegger, the fears that his language was creating a cult phenomenon, the convictions that only those can understand him who give their lives to his thought. His language is at times unusually difficult, at times simple and beautiful. Some of his insights are obscure and not helpful, others are exciting and clarifying. One no longer expects Heidegger to interpret literature like a literary critic or an academic philologist.
    Description / Table of Contents: Heidegger todayThe nature of man and the world of nature for Heidegger’s 80th birthday -- Heidegger’s question: An exposition -- Heidegger on time and being -- Concerning empty and ful-filled time -- Heidegger and consciousness -- The mathematical and the hermeneutical: On Heidegger’s notion of the apriori -- The problem of language -- Language and reversal -- Language and two phenomenologies -- The work of art and other things -- Two Heideggerian analyses -- On the pattern of phenomenological method -- Heidegger seen from France.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-1981-1
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  • 48
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    Maritain’s Ontology of the Work of Art (1973)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401024846
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (138p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ontology ; Aesthetics. ; Arts.
    Abstract: I: Introduction -- II: Beauty -- The Objectivity of Beauty -- The Relation of Art to Beauty -- The Work of Fine Art as Transcendental -- III: Signs -- Fine Art and Representation -- Maritain’s Theory of the Sign -- IV: Poetic Intuition -- Intuitive Knowledge in General -- Poetic Knowledge in General -- What It Is That Is Grasped By Poetic Intuition -- The Termination of Poetic Intuition in a Work Made -- V: Conclusion — Maritain and some Contemporary Views.
    Abstract: I. Since the appearance in 1902 of Benedetto Croce's L'estetica come scienza dell' espressione e linguistica generale, the problem of the ontology of the work of art or aesthetic object - what kind of thing it is and what its mode of being is - has come to occupy a central place in the philosophy of art. Moreover, a particular conception of the identity of art objects is at present a driving force in some quarters of the art world itself. As Harold Rosenberg so well points out, Minimalist or Reductive Art has attempted, sometimes quite self-consciously, to establish the autonomous physical reality of the work of art by empty­ ing it of all expressive and representational content. ! What is the ontological problem? One rather crude way of stating it is to ask where the work of art or object of aesthetic contemplation 2 exists. Is it, to pick some examples, to be identified with the material product of the artist's labors which exists spatially "outside of" and independently of artist and beholder? Or does it exist only "in the mind" of the beholder or the artist? Is it either one perception of a beholder or a series of his perceptions? Or is it the class of all percep­ tions of either all spectators or all "qualified" spectators? Put another way, it would be a question of whether and to what such purported names as 'Beethoven's Fifth Symphony' refer.
    Description / Table of Contents: I: IntroductionII: Beauty -- The Objectivity of Beauty -- The Relation of Art to Beauty -- The Work of Fine Art as Transcendental -- III: Signs -- Fine Art and Representation -- Maritain’s Theory of the Sign -- IV: Poetic Intuition -- Intuitive Knowledge in General -- Poetic Knowledge in General -- What It Is That Is Grasped By Poetic Intuition -- The Termination of Poetic Intuition in a Work Made -- V: Conclusion - Maritain and some Contemporary Views.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2484-6
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  • 49
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    The Philosophy of Anaxagoras (1973)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401020077
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Philosophy, Ancient.
    Abstract: Three Different Biographies -- Topic for an Historical Novel -- Time Is not Reversible -- The Constituents of the Universe -- The Elements and Their Moiras -- Nous, the Ruler Element and Construction Engineer -- Cosmogony -- The Primordial Condition -- First Means of Cosmopoeia: Differentiation -- Second Means of Cosmopoeia: Rotation -- Differentiation and Rotation Acting Together -- Third Means of Cosmopoeia: Dismemberment of the Axis -- “There are Some in Which Nous, Too, is Contained” -- The Bodies -- The Souls -- Infinity in Space and Time -- One Cosmos or Many Cosmoi? -- The Ostensible Beginning in Time -- Anaxagoras and Posterity -- The Elements - Aristotelian and Otherwise -- Nous - Aristotelian and Otherwise -- Epilogue -- Index of Passages.
    Abstract: Philosophia facta est, Quae philologia fuit. "It is indeed disastrous that of those earlier philosophic masters so little has remained, and that we have been deprived of anything complete. Because of that loss, we unintentionally measure them in wrong proportions and allow ourselves to be influenced against them by the merely accidental fact that Plato and Aristotle have never been short of praisers and copyists. . . . Probably the grandest part of Greek thought, and of its expression in words, has got lost." Friedrich Nietzsche, who wrote these sentences in 1873,* is quite right (save that he takes for an accident what certainly was not one). Plato, our great Plato, is really but an imposing synthesis, the ad­ mirable architect of a grand building, practically none of the stones of which come from himself. And Aristotle, as far as his philosophy is concerned, is apparently little else but a Plato deprived of his poetical make-up, those ostensible differences notwithstanding which Aristotle himself is given to emphasizing. The truly great ones, the giants, the really original thinkers, the pure philosopher types, these are in the time before Plato. Again: Nietzsche is right.
    Description / Table of Contents: Three Different BiographiesTopic for an Historical Novel -- Time Is not Reversible -- The Constituents of the Universe -- The Elements and Their Moiras -- Nous, the Ruler Element and Construction Engineer -- Cosmogony -- The Primordial Condition -- First Means of Cosmopoeia: Differentiation -- Second Means of Cosmopoeia: Rotation -- Differentiation and Rotation Acting Together -- Third Means of Cosmopoeia: Dismemberment of the Axis -- “There are Some in Which Nous, Too, is Contained” -- The Bodies -- The Souls -- Infinity in Space and Time -- One Cosmos or Many Cosmoi? -- The Ostensible Beginning in Time -- Anaxagoras and Posterity -- The Elements - Aristotelian and Otherwise -- Nous - Aristotelian and Otherwise -- Epilogue -- Index of Passages.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2007-7
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  • 50
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    Speaking of Art (1973)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401024129
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Aesthetics
    Abstract: I. The Condition-Governed Model -- Unity in Music: A Test Case -- Refutations and Rejoinders -- Monothematic Structure and the Condition-Governed Model -- Recapitulation -- II. Two Concepts of Taste -- Taste and Non-Taste -- An Ability to Notice or See or Tell -- De Gustibus -- Recapitulation -- III. Are Aesthetic Terms Ungovernable -- Aesthetic and Nonaesthetic -- Aesthetic Terms and Aesthetic Discourse -- Aesthetic Terms and Novel Objects -- Aesthetic Terms and Taste -- Recapitulation -- IV. Are Things Always What They Seem? -- Further Reflections on the Behavior of Aesthetic Terms -- The Doctrine of Aesthetic Vision -- Animadversions on the “Doctrine” -- Recapitulation -- V. Duck-Rabbit and Other Perplexities -- Aspects or Qualities -- Aspect-Perceiving and Aesthetic Perceiving -- The Logic of Aspect-Ascribing -- Recapitulation -- VI. Art and Objectivity -- Two Footnotes to Plato -- Aesthetic Terms and Aesthetic Qualities -- Aesthetic Terms and Aesthetic Disagreements -- Conclusion.
    Abstract: As the title of this book was meant to suggest, its subject is the way we talk about (and write about) works of art: or, rather, one of the ways, namely, the way we describe works of art for critical purposes. Be­ cause I wished to restrict my subject matter in this way, I have made a sharp, and no doubt largely artificial distinction between describing and evaluating. And I must, at the outset, guard against a misreading of this distinction to which I have left myself open. In distinguishing between evaluative and descriptive aesthetic judgments, I am not saying that when I assert "X is p," where p is a "descriptive" term like "unified," or "delicate," or "garish," I may not at the same time be evaluating X too; and I am not saying that when I make the obviously "evaluative" assertion "X is good," I may not be describing X. Clearly, if I say "X is unified" I am evaluating X in that unity is a good-making feature of works of art; and as it is correct in English at least to call an evaluation a description, I do not want to suggest that if an assertion is evaluative, it cannot be de­ scriptive (although there have been many philosophers who have thought this indeed to be the case).
    Description / Table of Contents: I. The Condition-Governed ModelUnity in Music: A Test Case -- Refutations and Rejoinders -- Monothematic Structure and the Condition-Governed Model -- Recapitulation -- II. Two Concepts of Taste -- Taste and Non-Taste -- An Ability to Notice or See or Tell -- De Gustibus -- Recapitulation -- III. Are Aesthetic Terms Ungovernable -- Aesthetic and Nonaesthetic -- Aesthetic Terms and Aesthetic Discourse -- Aesthetic Terms and Novel Objects -- Aesthetic Terms and Taste -- Recapitulation -- IV. Are Things Always What They Seem? -- Further Reflections on the Behavior of Aesthetic Terms -- The Doctrine of Aesthetic Vision -- Animadversions on the “Doctrine” -- Recapitulation -- V. Duck-Rabbit and Other Perplexities -- Aspects or Qualities -- Aspect-Perceiving and Aesthetic Perceiving -- The Logic of Aspect-Ascribing -- Recapitulation -- VI. Art and Objectivity -- Two Footnotes to Plato -- Aesthetic Terms and Aesthetic Qualities -- Aesthetic Terms and Aesthetic Disagreements -- Conclusion.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2412-9
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  • 51
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    Experience and Reason : The Phenomenology of Husserl and its Relation to Hume’s Philosophy (1973)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401024143
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 153 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology .
    Abstract: I. Introductory -- II. The Phenomenology of Edmund Husserl -- III. Husserl’s Appreciation and Understanding of Hume -- IV. The Theory of the “Generalthesis der natürlichen Einstellung” (Husserl) and the System of the “vulgar consciousness” (Hume) -- V. The Concept of Reduction -- VI. The Concept of Constitution and Hume’s Imagination -- VII. The Concept of the “Lebenswelt” and the “external world” of Hume -- VIII. The Science of transcendental Subjectivity and of Human Nature -- IX. Experience -- X. Reason -- XI. Experience and Reason -- XII. Towards a Theory of “Comprehensive, Critical and Reflective Experience” -- Bibliographical References.
    Abstract: In this work the author has tried to present a brief exposition of the phenomenology of HusserI. In doing this, he had in mind a two-fold purpose. He wanted on the one hand to give a critical exposition, interpretation and appreciation of the most leading concepts of HusserI­ ian phenomenology. On the other hand, he tried to show that a true comprehensive understanding of HusserI's phenomenology culminates in his teaching of experience and reason. It is the strong conviction of the author that the central-most teaching of HusserI's phenomenology is the discovery of the "noetic­ noematic" correlativity. In the reduced realm of "constituting­ intentionality," the distinction between reason and experience seems to vanish, and these two concepts become interchangeable terms. The present study suffers from one great limitation, and this must be made clear right here in order to avoid any misconception about the author's intentions. The author has not discussed the other important theories of experience and reason. He has undertaken the humble task of giving an account of HusserI's phenomenology of experience and reason. The bringing in of Hume serves, as would be clear in the course of the book, a two-fold purpose. It tries on the one hand to show the pro­ grammatic similarity between the philosophies of these two philoso­ phers. On the other hand, it implicitly maintains that the philosophical continuity from Hume to HusserI runs not so much via Kant, but rather via Meinong, Brentano, A venarius, James and so forth.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. IntroductoryII. The Phenomenology of Edmund Husserl -- III. Husserl’s Appreciation and Understanding of Hume -- IV. The Theory of the “Generalthesis der natürlichen Einstellung” (Husserl) and the System of the “vulgar consciousness” (Hume) -- V. The Concept of Reduction -- VI. The Concept of Constitution and Hume’s Imagination -- VII. The Concept of the “Lebenswelt” and the “external world” of Hume -- VIII. The Science of transcendental Subjectivity and of Human Nature -- IX. Experience -- X. Reason -- XI. Experience and Reason -- XII. Towards a Theory of “Comprehensive, Critical and Reflective Experience” -- Bibliographical References.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2414-3
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  • 52
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    A Critique of Jean-Paul Sartre’s Ontology (1973)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401024105
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 142 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology
    Abstract: I Exposition -- I: The Search for Being -- II: The Other -- III: The Self -- IV: Existential Psychoanalysis -- V: General Summary -- II Evaluation -- VI: Sartre’s Phenomenological Method -- VII: Three Theses of L’Être et le Néant Criticized -- VIII: Sartre’s “Copernican Revolution”: An Interpretation -- IX: Final Evaluation -- Additional Bibliography.
    Abstract: "Why is my pain perpetual, and my wound incurable, which refuseth to be healed?" -Jeremiah "Existentialism" today refers to faddism, decadentism, morbidity, the "philosophy of the graveyard"; to words like fear, dread, anxiety, anguish, suffering, aloneness, death; to novelists such as Jean-Paul Sartre, Dostoievski, Camus, Kafka; to philosophers like Kierkegaard, Heidegger, Marcel, Jaspers, and Sartre-and because it refers to, and is concerned with, all of these ideas and persons, existentialism has lost any clearer meaning it may have originally possessed. Because it has so many definitions, it can no longer be defined. As Sartre writes: "Most people who use the word existentialism would be em­ barrased if they had to explain it, since, now that the word is all the rage, even the work of a musician or painter is being called existentialist. A gossip columnist . . . signs himself The Exis­ tentialist, so that by this time the word has been so stretched and has taken on so broad a meaning, that it no longer means anything at all. " 2 This state of definitional confusion is not an accidental or negligible matter. An attempt will be made in this introduction to account for the confustion and to show why any definition of existentialism in­ volves us in a tangle. First, however, it is necessary to state in a tenta­ tive and very general manner what points of view are here intended when reference is made to existentialism.
    Description / Table of Contents: I ExpositionI: The Search for Being -- II: The Other -- III: The Self -- IV: Existential Psychoanalysis -- V: General Summary -- II Evaluation -- VI: Sartre’s Phenomenological Method -- VII: Three Theses of L’Être et le Néant Criticized -- VIII: Sartre’s “Copernican Revolution”: An Interpretation -- IX: Final Evaluation -- Additional Bibliography.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2410-5
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  • 53
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    Explanation: New Directions in Philosophy (1973)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401024204
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (223p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, Modern.
    Abstract: Contemporary Directions -- The Spirit of Contemporary American Philosophy -- Sankara’s Epistemology: A New Direction for the West? -- Explanation and Behavior -- Accounting for the Failure of Behaviorism -- Ritual: A Whiteheadian Interpretation -- Explanation and Language -- Berkeley and Religious Language -- Emmanuel Levinas’ Philosophy of Language -- The Physical-Taint Objection -- Explanation and Philosophical Systems -- The Certainty of the Cogito and the Existence of God -- Reconciliation of Freedom and Nature in Kant’s Third Critique -- Explanation and Religion -- Existential Interpretation and the Problem of God in the Theology of Fritz Buri.
    Abstract: This volume initiates a series of American University Publications in Phi· losophy. It is expected that, as occasion permits, volumes will be added to the series, contributing to the dialogue that is contemporary philosophy. The essays in this volume were written by the faculty in philosophy at The American University during the academic year 1970·71 and appear here for the first time. In a variety of modes the essays cluster around epistemological problems collateral with theories of explanation. In view of recent attention to such theories, this volume explores several new directions in the explanation of behavior, language, and religion. We are especially appreciative of the secretarial assistance of Mrs. Madaline Shoemaker, whose magic turned many an unreadable manuscript into an intelligible essay. We are also grateful to Miss Maria Wilhelm for the final typing of the volume, and to the Office of the Dean for Graduate Studies, The American University, for encouragement and for a financial grant toward typing expenses. Barry L. Blose Harold A. Durfee David F. T. Rodier Editorial Committee T ABLE OF CONTENTS Preface v CONTEMPORARY DIRECTIONS THE SPIRIT OF CoNTEMPORARY AMERICAN PHILosoPHY, Roger T.
    Description / Table of Contents: Contemporary DirectionsThe Spirit of Contemporary American Philosophy -- Sankara’s Epistemology: A New Direction for the West? -- Explanation and Behavior -- Accounting for the Failure of Behaviorism -- Ritual: A Whiteheadian Interpretation -- Explanation and Language -- Berkeley and Religious Language -- Emmanuel Levinas’ Philosophy of Language -- The Physical-Taint Objection -- Explanation and Philosophical Systems -- The Certainty of the Cogito and the Existence of God -- Reconciliation of Freedom and Nature in Kant’s Third Critique -- Explanation and Religion -- Existential Interpretation and the Problem of God in the Theology of Fritz Buri.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2420-4
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  • 54
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    Recent Perspectives in American Philosophy (1973)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401024228
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (97p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, Modern. ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: I. American Philosophy in the Recent Past -- II. Dewey and the Ethics of Naturalism -- III. Cohen’s Rationalistic Naturalism -- IV. Singer’s Philosophy of Experimentalism -- V. Hocking and the Dilemmas of Modernity -- VI. Blanshard’s Rationalistic Idealism -- VII. The Philosophy of Alfred North Whitehead -- VIII. Sheldon’s Synthetic Metaphysics.
    Abstract: The essays in this book analyze significant perspectives of the recent past in American philosophy; they represent some of the major trends of this period. Alfred North Whitehead is included with the recent American philosophers since his major philosophic ideas were fully developed in this country. There has been no attempt to deal comprehensively with this period. Several philosophers of equal importance who also deserve attention-C. l. Lewis, A. O. Love­ joy, W. F. Montague, R. B. Perry, F. J. E. Woodbridge, and others­ have not been discussed. Most of the essays were published at various times in various journals. Though all of the perspectives are presented with sympathetic understanding, they are also critically evaluated. 2 AMERICAN PHILOSOPHY OF THE RECENT PAST But even more than individual philosophers and schools of philos­ ophy the larger background of contemporary American life has nour­ ished the empirical spirit. Science as the most pervasive climate of our intellectual and practical activity has enhanced the empirical attitude. The great development, in this country, of business and technological industry has encouraged the pragmatic, empirical outlook. Empiricism, however, is an ambiguous term, and its different meanings have different philosophic consequences. For some it means that only concrete personal experience can be accepted as reality; for others it means the succession of sense-impressions. The more recent usage, the one that has been dominant in American philosophy, identifies empiricism with objectively and socially verifiable pronounce­ ments, that is, with experimentalism, or confirmation through demon­ strable evidence.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. American Philosophy in the Recent PastII. Dewey and the Ethics of Naturalism -- III. Cohen’s Rationalistic Naturalism -- IV. Singer’s Philosophy of Experimentalism -- V. Hocking and the Dilemmas of Modernity -- VI. Blanshard’s Rationalistic Idealism -- VII. The Philosophy of Alfred North Whitehead -- VIII. Sheldon’s Synthetic Metaphysics.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2422-8
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  • 55
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    The Legacy of Hegel : Proceedings of the Marquette Hegel Symposium 1970 (1973)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401024341
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 308 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern
    Abstract: Thinking with Hegel -- Hegel Editing and Hegel Research -- A Critical Survey of Hegel Scholarship in English: 1962–1969 -- The Hegelian Dialectic -- Comment on Weil’s ‘The Hegelian Dialectic’ -- Hegel and the Philosophy of Physics -- Comment on Findlay’s ‘Hegel and the Philosophy of Physics’ -- Hegel and Marx -- Comment on Calvez’s ‘Hegel and Marx’ -- The Conceptualization of Religious Mystery: An Essay in Hegel’s Philosophy of Religion -- Religion as Representation -- Hegel and the Secularization Hypothesis -- Comment on Dove’s ‘Hegel and the Secularization Hypothesis’ -- Hegel and Judaism: A Flaw in the Hegelian Mediation -- Comment on Fackenheim’s ‘Hegel and Judaism’ -- Labor, Alienation, and Social Classes in Hegel’s Real-philosophie -- Comment on Avineri’s ‘Labor, Alienation, and Social Classes in Hegel’s Realphilosophie’ -- Remarks on the Papers of Avineri and Pöggeler -- Hegel and Contemporary Liberalism, Anarchism, Socialism: A Defense of the Rechtsphilosophie Against Marx and His Contemporary Followers -- Comment on Doull’s ‘Hegel and Contemporary Liberalism, Anarchism, Socialism’ -- Round-Table Discussion on Problems of Translating Hegel -- The Hegelians of Saint Louis, Missouri and their Influence in the United States -- Ideas and Ideal -- Hegel: A Bibliography of Books in English, Arranged Chronologically.
    Abstract: The present volume represents the proceedings of the Marquette Hegel Symposium, held at Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, on June 2-5, 1970. The Symposium, celebrating the two-hundredth annivers­ ary of Hegel's birth, was presented under the combined sponsorship of the Philosophy Department of Marquette University, the American Coun­ cil of Learned Societies, and the Johnson Foundation of Racine, Wiscon­ sin. Its general theme embraced not only specific topics of interest in con­ temporary Hegel studies, but also the wider aspects of the influences and impact of Hegel's thought upon contemporary philosophical, political, and social problems. Principal contributors and panelists were selected for their scholarly achievements in Hegel studies and also in keeping with the broad view of the Hegelian legacy in current thought. All sessions of the Symposium were plenary, and designed for maximum discussion and in­ terchange among participants. The Symposium Committee regrets that it has not been feasible to incorporate the transcript of the discussions (ex­ cept for the round-table discussion on editing and translating Hegel) into this volume. The papers presented in each day's sessions are published here with editorial changes and corrections made by their respective authors. The papers by Professors Otto Poggeler and Eric Weil were originally trans­ lated by members of our Committee: the present versions incorporate many changes and corrections made by their authors. The comments on each paper were brought into their present form only after the Symposium, and in the light of the discussions which took place during it.
    Description / Table of Contents: Thinking with HegelHegel Editing and Hegel Research -- A Critical Survey of Hegel Scholarship in English: 1962-1969 -- The Hegelian Dialectic -- Comment on Weil’s ‘The Hegelian Dialectic’ -- Hegel and the Philosophy of Physics -- Comment on Findlay’s ‘Hegel and the Philosophy of Physics’ -- Hegel and Marx -- Comment on Calvez’s ‘Hegel and Marx’ -- The Conceptualization of Religious Mystery: An Essay in Hegel’s Philosophy of Religion -- Religion as Representation -- Hegel and the Secularization Hypothesis -- Comment on Dove’s ‘Hegel and the Secularization Hypothesis’ -- Hegel and Judaism: A Flaw in the Hegelian Mediation -- Comment on Fackenheim’s ‘Hegel and Judaism’ -- Labor, Alienation, and Social Classes in Hegel’s Real-philosophie -- Comment on Avineri’s ‘Labor, Alienation, and Social Classes in Hegel’s Realphilosophie’ -- Remarks on the Papers of Avineri and Pöggeler -- Hegel and Contemporary Liberalism, Anarchism, Socialism: A Defense of the Rechtsphilosophie Against Marx and His Contemporary Followers -- Comment on Doull’s ‘Hegel and Contemporary Liberalism, Anarchism, Socialism’ -- Round-Table Discussion on Problems of Translating Hegel -- The Hegelians of Saint Louis, Missouri and their Influence in the United States -- Ideas and Ideal -- Hegel: A Bibliography of Books in English, Arranged Chronologically.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2434-1
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  • 56
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    The Literary Travelogue : A Comparative Study with Special Relevance to Russian Literature from Fonvizin to Pushkin (1973)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401019972
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Political science Philosophy ; Political science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I: Evolution of the Travel Genre in Western Europe -- I: Some Historical Examples — The Eighteenth Century. Goethe and Moritz -- II: Sterne’s Sentimental Journey -- III: Demaistre’s Voyage autour de ma Chambre -- IV: Dupaty’s Lettres sur l’Italie -- II: The Travel Memoir in Russia -- V: Fonvizin’s Letters from Abroad -- VI: Radishchev’s Journey from St. Petersburg to Moscow -- VII: Pushkin’s Journey from Moscow to Petersburg -- VIII: Karamzin’s Letters of a Russian Traveler -- IX: The Epigones -- X: Pushkin’s Journey to Erzurum -- XI: Conclusion -- Appendix A: Ermenonville -- Appendix B: Auch ich in Arkadien -- Appendix C: Karamzin’s Island of Bornholm -- Appendix D: Onegin’s Journey -- Selected Bibliography.
    Abstract: The aim of this study is to trace the development of the literary travel memoir in Russia during the last decades of the eighteenth century and the first decades of the nineteenth. Having indicated the prove­ nances of this genre in Western Europe, I shall evaluate its role in Russian literary history. Because this study is not intended to be an historical survey of all significant travel works that appeared in Russia, I shall pass over such early pioneer travelers as the Abbot Daniil who visited Palestine at the beginning of the twelfth century and recorded for his countrymen detailed descriptions of the Holy places, or the merchant, Afanasij Nikitin, whose travel notes concerning a trip to India are preserved in a fifteenth century chronicle. The travel genre, which had become enormously popular in eight­ eenth century Western Europe,l was cleverly exploited by Fonvizin, Radishchev, and Karamzin to expound to the Russian reading public certain important notions on literary theory, on society (foreign and domestic), on themselves, and on nature. The travel genre - then as now a flexible instrument for transmitting, by means of diary-style narrative, information about distant, often exotic people and place- had been adapted by Sterne and others to themes having little relation to a conventional journey. The Russians were quick to grasp the genre's literary as well as its polemical possibilities, and influenced by Western models, they too used it to convey theoretical assertions on a variety of SUbjects.
    Description / Table of Contents: I: Evolution of the Travel Genre in Western EuropeI: Some Historical Examples - The Eighteenth Century. Goethe and Moritz -- II: Sterne’s Sentimental Journey -- III: Demaistre’s Voyage autour de ma Chambre -- IV: Dupaty’s Lettres sur l’Italie -- II: The Travel Memoir in Russia -- V: Fonvizin’s Letters from Abroad -- VI: Radishchev’s Journey from St. Petersburg to Moscow -- VII: Pushkin’s Journey from Moscow to Petersburg -- VIII: Karamzin’s Letters of a Russian Traveler -- IX: The Epigones -- X: Pushkin’s Journey to Erzurum -- XI: Conclusion -- Appendix A: Ermenonville -- Appendix B: Auch ich in Arkadien -- Appendix C: Karamzin’s Island of Bornholm -- Appendix D: Onegin’s Journey -- Selected Bibliography.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-1997-2
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  • 57
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    Course of Mathematical Logic : Volume I Relation and Logical Formula (1973)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401025294
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 190 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Monographs on Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, Philosophy of Science, Sociology of Science and of Knowledge, and on the Mathematical Methods of Social and Behavioral Sciences 54
    DDC: 160
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2529-4
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  • 58
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    Gesammelte Aufsätze III : Studien zur Phänomenologischen Philosophie (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401027274
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (242 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Anthropology ; Sociology.
    Abstract: Studien zur Phänomenologischen Philosophie -- William James’ Begriff des „Stream of Thought“ Phänomenologisch Interpretiert -- Edmund Husserls „Ideen,“ Band II -- Phänomenologie und die Grundlegung der Sozialwissenschaften (Edmund Husserls Ideen III) -- Das Problem der Transzendentalen Intersubjektivität bei Husser -- Diskussionsbemerkung Eugen Finks und Beantwortung -- Typus und Eidos in Husserls Spätphilosophie -- Strukturen der Lebenswelt -- Max Schelers Philosophie -- Max Schelers Erkenntnistheorie und Ethik -- Anhang: Edmund Husserls „Cartesianische Meditationen“ -- Edmund Husserls „Meditations Cartesiennes“ -- Aller Drei Bände -- Index Zu Band III.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2727-4
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  • 59
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    The Political Philosophy of Giambattista Vico : An Introduction to La Scienza Nuova (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401027816
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (79p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Political science Philosophy ; Political science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I. The New Science -- II. Vico’s Intention -- III. The Influences on Vico -- IV. The Rise and Course of Nations.
    Abstract: It would be an understatement to say that the New Science is difficult to read. Most contemporary readers conclude with a Russian scholar that Vico's thought "is expressed in extremely naive forms, profound thoughts are interspersed with all sorts of pedantic trifles, the exposition is very confusing, yet it is beyond doubt that the basic idea is a work of genius. " 1 There can be no disputing the fact that the New Science is difficult to read; the dispute emerges in the effort to explain how a work which is at once "confusing," "naive" and "pedantic," can be a "work of genius. " The purpose of this brief study is to suggest that a good deal of the confusion can be dispelled when the New Science is read with care and an eye to the possibility of two levels of meaning. We must never forget that Vico was a professor of rhetoric and was therefore familiar with the techniques of cautious writing. It is our conviction that the New Science is an exoteric book which means that it contains two levels of meaning: one which conveys a popular and orthodox message, and another which 2 conveys a philosophical message addressed to philosophers. A large number of contemporary scholars tend to minimize or dismiss this type of writing.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. The New ScienceII. Vico’s Intention -- III. The Influences on Vico -- IV. The Rise and Course of Nations.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2781-6
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  • 60
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    Perplexity and Knowledge : An Inquiry into the Structures of Questioning (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401027892
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (252p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Anthropology
    Abstract: I The Viewpoint of Inquiry -- I: Alternative Accounts -- II: Duality and Self-Correction -- II Historical Notes on the Form of Inquiry -- III: Scepticism and Negative Proof -- IV: Plato and the Forms of Geometry -- V: Aristotle and the Forms of Life -- VI: Descartes and Reflection -- VII: Empiricists and Experience -- VIII: Kant and the Uses of Reason -- III Outlines for a Critique of Questioning -- IX: Perplexity and Progress -- X: Sense -- XI: Intellect -- XII: Practical Reason.
    Abstract: In making his distinction between revisionary and descriptive metaphysics, P.F. Strawson wrote that the former has some value provided that its "partial vision" is at the service of the latter, "which needs no justification at all beyond that of inquiry in general." (Individuals, p. 9) Perhaps we feel no need to ask what justification there is for inquiry in general. But if we do recognize any such need, then we discover that inquiry is self-justifying. The more I put it into question, the more I bring the theme of my inquiry to light in my performance of inquiring. Questioning is the business of philosophers. They are now content to leave the search for detailed information to experts in the various disciplines that have won their independence from philosophy. The questioning a philosopher conducts is of the 'second-order'. He asks about the status of various sorts of questions, the types of knowledge they yield and of con­ fusion into which they lead.
    Description / Table of Contents: I The Viewpoint of InquiryI: Alternative Accounts -- II: Duality and Self-Correction -- II Historical Notes on the Form of Inquiry -- III: Scepticism and Negative Proof -- IV: Plato and the Forms of Geometry -- V: Aristotle and the Forms of Life -- VI: Descartes and Reflection -- VII: Empiricists and Experience -- VIII: Kant and the Uses of Reason -- III Outlines for a Critique of Questioning -- IX: Perplexity and Progress -- X: Sense -- XI: Intellect -- XII: Practical Reason.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2789-2
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  • 61
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    Models of Man : A Phenomenological Critique of Some Paradigms in the Human Sciences (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401027922
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (173p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I. The Psychological Model: The “Scientific” Revolution and Rear-Guard Philosophical Action -- Selected introductory readings -- Selected additional readings for Chapter I -- II. The Holistic Model: Coming Close to the Total Man -- Selected additional readings for Chapter II -- III. The Psychoanalytic Model: Prediction and Control Through the Training of the Id. -- Selected additional readings for Chapter III -- IV. The Sociological Model: From Doing Good to Being Done -- Selected additional readings for Chapter IV -- V. The Marxist Model: The Dream of the “New Man” and a Rude Awakening -- Selected additional readings for Chapter V -- VI. The Structuralist Model: Man the Source or Man the Product ? -- Selected additional readings for Chapter VI -- VII. The Present Status of Philosophical Anthropology: A Prolegomenon -- Selected additional readings for Chapter VII.
    Abstract: This essay is, first, a theoretical and historical study of some classical scientific ways of studying human being in the world. The more readily accessible and more commonly discussed "models" of being human were chosen for review here, but structuralism is included because I believe it will have ,the same impact in America as it has had in France, and I hope that American readers might be forewarned about what may be ideologically at stake before the technical, and fruitful, aspects of the movement become an academic fad in the United States. The subjects included are mainline experimental psychology from Wundt to Skinner, with its relatively shortlived functionalist and Watsonian-behaviorist formulations; holistic psychology from Brentano through Stumpf, Husserl, and Goldstein to Maslow, Rogers, and contemporary "third force" psychology; and the psychoanalytic model, for which the only paradigm is Freud himself. Preeminence is given to psychological paradigms, since their subject matter lies closest to the classical philosophical tradition from which "philosophical anthropology" emerged. (This book is, in the final analysis, a prolegomenon to an articulated philosophical anthropo­ logy. ) Sociological models are also considered: the "classical" tradition from Comte to the present, and Marxist anthropology from the manu­ scripts of 1844 to the present. The structuralist model, from Durkheim to Chomsky, is also considered, since it cuts across and gives new dimensions to all the foregoing models. The essay is, second, a phenomenological critique of these historico­ theoretical considerations.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. The Psychological Model: The “Scientific” Revolution and Rear-Guard Philosophical ActionSelected introductory readings -- Selected additional readings for Chapter I -- II. The Holistic Model: Coming Close to the Total Man -- Selected additional readings for Chapter II -- III. The Psychoanalytic Model: Prediction and Control Through the Training of the Id. -- Selected additional readings for Chapter III -- IV. The Sociological Model: From Doing Good to Being Done -- Selected additional readings for Chapter IV -- V. The Marxist Model: The Dream of the “New Man” and a Rude Awakening -- Selected additional readings for Chapter V -- VI. The Structuralist Model: Man the Source or Man the Product ? -- Selected additional readings for Chapter VI -- VII. The Present Status of Philosophical Anthropology: A Prolegomenon -- Selected additional readings for Chapter VII.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2792-2
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  • 62
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    The Study of Politics (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400931718
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (320p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Political science.
    Abstract: The Concept of “Sociology” -- The Concept of “Politics” -- I Political Structures -- 1. Physical Structures -- 2. Social Structures -- II The Causes of Political Antagonisms -- 3. Individual Causes -- 4. Collective Causes -- III From Antagonisms to Integration -- 5. The Forms of Political Conflict -- 6. The Development of Integration -- Notes.
    Abstract: If the study of politics is to be rewarding both intellectually and practically it must. by definition. concern itself with the great issues which arise in the real world and with the fundamental arguments which occur about their nature and the possible solutions to them. Abstract political philosophy which is not informed by the experi­ ence of practice will become sterile. A study of constitutions and the machinery of government can become dry-as-dust and hence boring unless the underlying principles are analysed and grasped. But theo­ ries of political change divorced from an understanding of consti­ tutions and institutions will degenerate into mere phrase-mongering. Attempts to apply the techniques of the natural sciences to politics will lead to model building for its own sake and thence to arid and barren intellectualism unless it is understood that it is impossible to quantify the intangible. Indeed. anyone-sided approach to politics and consequent failure to grasp the essential wholeness of the sub­ ject is bound to end in disaster. The study of politics is a study of changing human relationships in dynamic societies. Thus it involves. since the present and hence the future are shaped in part by the past. an appreciation of history.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Concept of “Sociology”The Concept of “Politics” -- I Political Structures -- 1. Physical Structures -- 2. Social Structures -- II The Causes of Political Antagonisms -- 3. Individual Causes -- 4. Collective Causes -- III From Antagonisms to Integration -- 5. The Forms of Political Conflict -- 6. The Development of Integration -- Notes.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-3171-8
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  • 63
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    Ambassador at Large: Diplomat Extraordinary (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401504669
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Economic policy. ; Political science.
    Abstract: I. The Idea for the Office -- Presidental Personal Emissary -- Definition -- Presidential Appointment of Special Emissaries -- Functions -- Department of State Reorganization -- Synthesis — Norman H. Davis -- II. The Office Established — Philip C. Jessup: Secretary of State Deputy -- Appointment -- Functions -- United Nations -- Foreign Ministers’ Meetings -- Department of State Duties -- Resignation -- III. The Office Expanded — W. Averell Harriman: High-Level Roving Ambassador -- First Appointment as Ambassador at Large — 1961 -- Second Appointment as Ambassador at Large — 1965 -- Functions -- Roving Emissary -- Ad Hoc Missions -- Conference Delegate -- Department of State Duties -- Conclusion -- IV. The Office as Expedient — Chester Bowles and David M. Kennedy: Presidential Advisers -- Chester Bowles -- Appointment -- Functions -- Conclusion -- David M. Kennedy -- Appointment -- Functions -- Conclusion -- V. The Office as an Interim Post — Llewellyn E. Thompson, Ellsworth Bunker, Henry Cabot Lodge, George C. McGhee: Area Specialists -- Llewellyn E. Thompson -- Functions -- Ellsworth Bunker -- Functions -- Henry Cabot Lodge -- Functions -- George C. McGhee -- Functions -- Conclusion -- VI. The Ambassador at Large — Past and Future -- Background -- Concepts of the Office -- Appointment Process -- Functions -- Roving Emissary -- Ad Hoc Missions -- Conference Delegate -- Presidential Adviser -- Secretary of State Deputy -- Department of State Duties -- Summary -- Level of Operation -- Conclusion -- Appendix A. Background Sketch of Ambassadors at Large -- Appendix B. Principal Publications of Ambassadors at Large -- Appendix C. Summary of Activities of Ambassadors at Large -- Appendix D. Foreign Travel by Secretary of State Dean Rusk -- Selected Bibliography.
    Abstract: A mbassador at Large: Diplomat Extraordinary is a welcome contri­ bution to the literature on contemporary diplomacy, and is especially relevant to the conduct of United States foreign relations. Concomitant with pressures to escalate the level of diplomatic representation and negotiation, the Ambassador at Large, a recent innovation in the American diplomatic hierarchy, may play an increasingly important role. Should other governments follow the American lead by creating similar offices, a new, flexible layer of diplomatic relations may be added to the four which currently are most widely used, namely, the summit, the ministerial, the traditional professional, and the technical strata. Diplomacy may be defined as the international political process whereby political entities - mostly the recognized members of the fami­ ly of nations, but also emergent states, international and supranational organizations, and a few special entities like the Vatican - conduct their official relations with one another in the international environ­ ment. Like other human and societal processes, it is astatic and in the course of time experiences significant changes. It has expanded to meet the needs of a rapidly proliferating community of nations and it has been adapted to the growing complex of international concerns and interactions. Scientific and technological changes have created new problems and revolutionized methods of diplomatic communication and transportation. These developments have both intensified the needs and enriched the potentialities of the diplomatic process. Throughout history doubtless each major, permeative modification in diplomatic practice has produced a so-called "new diplomacy.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. The Idea for the OfficePresidental Personal Emissary -- Definition -- Presidential Appointment of Special Emissaries -- Functions -- Department of State Reorganization -- Synthesis - Norman H. Davis -- II. The Office Established - Philip C. Jessup: Secretary of State Deputy -- Appointment -- Functions -- United Nations -- Foreign Ministers’ Meetings -- Department of State Duties -- Resignation -- III. The Office Expanded - W. Averell Harriman: High-Level Roving Ambassador -- First Appointment as Ambassador at Large - 1961 -- Second Appointment as Ambassador at Large - 1965 -- Functions -- Roving Emissary -- Ad Hoc Missions -- Conference Delegate -- Department of State Duties -- Conclusion -- IV. The Office as Expedient - Chester Bowles and David M. Kennedy: Presidential Advisers -- Chester Bowles -- Appointment -- Functions -- Conclusion -- David M. Kennedy -- Appointment -- Functions -- Conclusion -- V. The Office as an Interim Post - Llewellyn E. Thompson, Ellsworth Bunker, Henry Cabot Lodge, George C. McGhee: Area Specialists -- Llewellyn E. Thompson -- Functions -- Ellsworth Bunker -- Functions -- Henry Cabot Lodge -- Functions -- George C. McGhee -- Functions -- Conclusion -- VI. The Ambassador at Large - Past and Future -- Background -- Concepts of the Office -- Appointment Process -- Functions -- Roving Emissary -- Ad Hoc Missions -- Conference Delegate -- Presidential Adviser -- Secretary of State Deputy -- Department of State Duties -- Summary -- Level of Operation -- Conclusion -- Appendix A. Background Sketch of Ambassadors at Large -- Appendix B. Principal Publications of Ambassadors at Large -- Appendix C. Summary of Activities of Ambassadors at Large -- Appendix D. Foreign Travel by Secretary of State Dean Rusk -- Selected Bibliography.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-0466-9
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  • 64
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    Peirce’s Epistemology (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401028028
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 163 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: I. Inference: The Essence of All Thought -- A. There would be no telling of an intuition if we had one -- B. As a matter of fact the mind works inferentially -- C. Knowing is a process in time -- D. There is no intuitive self-consciousness -- E. Peirce’s divergence from Kant -- F. Thought is sign activity -- II. Hypothesis or Abduction: The Originative Phase of Reasoning -- A. Deduction, Induction, and Abduction -- B. A suggested solution to the problem of induction -- C. Abduction and explanation -- D. What kind of abductions are meaningful, significant, admissible? -- E. The hypothesis of God: a test case -- F. Peirce and James -- G. Peirce and Kant -- H. Peirce and John Wisdom -- III. Fallibilism: The Self-Corrective Feature of Thought -- A. The notion of “meaning” examined on Peircean principles -- B. Organism and Interdependence in knowledge -- IV. Concrete Reasonableness: Cooperation Between Reason and Instinct -- A. Abduction is inference guided by nature’s hand -- B. Evolution and Critical-commonsensism -- C. Theory and Practice -- V. The Cartesian Circle: A Final Look at Scepticism -- A. The theory of types as applied to ordinary language -- B. Believing is seeing -- C. Conclusions -- Indez.
    Abstract: This work is an essay in Peirce's epistemology, with about an equal emphasis on the "epistemology" as on the "Peirce's." In other words our intention has not been to write exclusively a piece of Peirce scholarshiJ〉­ hence, the reader will find no elaborate tying in of Peirce's epistemology to other portions of his thought, no great emphasis on the chronology of his thought, etc. Peirce scholarship is a painstaking business. His mind was Labyrinthine, his terminology intricate, and his writings are, as he himself confessed, "a snarl of twine." This book rather is intended perhaps even primarily as an essay in epistemology, taking Peirce's as the focal point. The book thus addresses a general philosophical audience and bears as much on the wider issue as on the man. I hope therefore that readers will give their critical attention to the problem of knowledge and the sugges­ tions we have developed around that problem and will not look here in the hope of finding an exhaustive piece of Peirce scholarship.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Inference: The Essence of All ThoughtA. There would be no telling of an intuition if we had one -- B. As a matter of fact the mind works inferentially -- C. Knowing is a process in time -- D. There is no intuitive self-consciousness -- E. Peirce’s divergence from Kant -- F. Thought is sign activity -- II. Hypothesis or Abduction: The Originative Phase of Reasoning -- A. Deduction, Induction, and Abduction -- B. A suggested solution to the problem of induction -- C. Abduction and explanation -- D. What kind of abductions are meaningful, significant, admissible? -- E. The hypothesis of God: a test case -- F. Peirce and James -- G. Peirce and Kant -- H. Peirce and John Wisdom -- III. Fallibilism: The Self-Corrective Feature of Thought -- A. The notion of “meaning” examined on Peircean principles -- B. Organism and Interdependence in knowledge -- IV. Concrete Reasonableness: Cooperation Between Reason and Instinct -- A. Abduction is inference guided by nature’s hand -- B. Evolution and Critical-commonsensism -- C. Theory and Practice -- V. The Cartesian Circle: A Final Look at Scepticism -- A. The theory of types as applied to ordinary language -- B. Believing is seeing -- C. Conclusions -- Indez.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2802-8
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  • 65
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    Experience and its Systematization : Studies in Kant (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401028110
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (220p) , online resource
    Edition: Second and enlarged edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind. ; Self.
    Abstract: One The Two Logics and their Relation -- Two The Schematism in its Context -- Three The Concept of Metaphysics -- Four The Concept of Dialectic -- I. Totality -- II. Hypostasis -- III. Illusion -- IV. Dialectical Opposition -- V. The Antinomy between Verstand and Vernunft -- VI. General Observations on the Structure of Dialectic -- Five The Scepticism of the ‘Critique of Judgement’ -- Six The Primacy of Practical Reason -- I. The Idea of Practical Reason -- II. The Meaning of Primacy -- III. Freedom -- IV. Postulates -- Seven Substance and Ideas -- Appendix Interpretations and Systems on Approaches to the ‘Critique of Pure Reason’ -- I. The World as an Image -- II. From Illusion to Fiction -- III. The Realistic Turn -- IV. The Rule of Method -- V. Knowledge and Human Finitude.
    Description / Table of Contents: One The Two Logics and their RelationTwo The Schematism in its Context -- Three The Concept of Metaphysics -- Four The Concept of Dialectic -- I. Totality -- II. Hypostasis -- III. Illusion -- IV. Dialectical Opposition -- V. The Antinomy between Verstand and Vernunft -- VI. General Observations on the Structure of Dialectic -- Five The Scepticism of the ‘Critique of Judgement’ -- Six The Primacy of Practical Reason -- I. The Idea of Practical Reason -- II. The Meaning of Primacy -- III. Freedom -- IV. Postulates -- Seven Substance and Ideas -- Appendix Interpretations and Systems on Approaches to the ‘Critique of Pure Reason’ -- I. The World as an Image -- II. From Illusion to Fiction -- III. The Realistic Turn -- IV. The Rule of Method -- V. Knowledge and Human Finitude.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2811-0
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  • 66
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    A Thousand Deadlines : The New York City Press and American Neutrality, 1914-17 (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401576086
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 206 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Publishers and publishing ; Printing. ; Political science.
    Abstract: This study is an attempt to chronicle and analyse the attitudes of the New York press in connection with the events of the period from 1914 to 1917 relating to American neutrality. It is based primarily on a day­ to-day study of sixteen daily newspapers in New York City for the period of American non-participation in the First World War. The research involved not only editorial opinion but also news items, feature articles, letters to the editor, book reviews and special commentary. The files of the major New York newspapers of the period naturally constituted the basic sources. In addition to this, use was made of the memoirs, diaries and private papers of editors, publishers and other public figures; the Congressional Record, 1914-1917; Congressional hearings and reports, 1915, 1919, 1936 and 1937; certain British and German materials; books, articles and other secondary sources. The author also drew upon the recollections of New Yorkers active in journalism during the period.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-7608-6
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  • 67
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    The Future is Tomorrow : 17 Prospective Studies (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401028264
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 585 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Political science.
    Abstract: The European Cultural Foundation has conceived an ambitious project: by means of interdisciplinary studies on an international basis it is setting out to "forecast" the future of Europe in the year 2000 in four major fields of human development (education, industrialization, urbanization and the transformation of rural society). In this sense "forecasting" implies defining what is inevitable in the future of this civilization, and identifying the choices open to Europeans in so far as they are free to exert their collective will to influence the future. I should like here to pay due tribute to the Secretary General of the Foundation, Mr. George Sluizer, who had the boldness to launch this initiative, the drive and perseverence to mobilize sufficient funds to carry it into effect, and the clear-sightedness to devise bodies and procedures that could serve as a flexible and effective framework for the development-necessarily aleatory-of such a large-scale project ... A udaces fortuna juvat. Our friend Sluizer must often have modelled his attitude on that of his great compatriot, William the Silent, thinking to himself: "It is not necessary to hope in order to act, nor to succeed in order to persevere". If this maxim was good enough to forge a nation, it can also serve our purposes to-day.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2826-4
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  • 68
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    Liberty and Community : The Political Philosophy of William Ernest Hocking (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401027984
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (127p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Ethics ; Sociology.
    Abstract: Liberty and Community as Problems -- Hocking’s Life and Work -- Liberty and Community as Themes in Hocking’s Political Philosophy -- I: Perspectives on the Study of Man -- The Approach of Political Philosophy -- The Broadened Empiricism: Critical Statement -- The Broadened Empiricism: Constructive Statement -- The Basic Ethical Standard: Human Potentiality -- II: The Free and Social Self -- The Challenge of Social Thought -- Freedom, Personal Unity, and the Will -- Sociality -- Society and the Individual -- III: The Political Community -- The State as a Problem -- The Origin of the Political Community -- The Purpose of the Political Community -- The Political Community as a Will Circuit -- Sovereignty -- IV: Individual Rights and Community Responsibilities -- Ways of Thinking About Rights -- Presumptive Right and Social Duty -- The Reformulation of Liberalism -- Political Participation and Leadership -- The Freedom of Expression -- V: Liberty and Community in International Relations -- Ethics and International Relations -- Securing International Peace -- Concluding statement -- Selected bibliography of William ernest hocking.
    Abstract: This study of the political philosophy of William Ernest Hocking be­ gan as a doctoral dissertation at Tulane University. Hocking (1873- 1966) was for many years Alford Professor of Natural Religion, Moral Philosophy, and Civil Polity at Harvard University. Although he is relatively well-known among American philosophers, particularly by students of metaphysics and the philosophy of religion, very little atten­ tion has been given to his political philosophy. Some general studies of his thought summarize his political writings in a very cursory fashion, but they do not discuss his contributions in detail or relate them to significant issues in political philosophy. Most important general works on modern political philosophy or American political thought do not even mention Hocking; a few note his name in passing. Because he is almost completely unknown in the social sciences, the original purpose of this study was to explore, systematize, and present his extensive writings in political philosophy. It then became apparent that his entire political philosophy is oriented around the concepts of liberty and community. When his thought is analyzed in terms of these themes, its unity and coherence are more obvious. Moreover, his writings become more significant when they are related to liberty and community, for these are focal concepts for important problems in modern political philosophy. This study of Hocking's political philosophy will, it is hoped, help us to see how liberty and community can be more understandable, attainable, and compatible with one another.
    Description / Table of Contents: Liberty and Community as ProblemsHocking’s Life and Work -- Liberty and Community as Themes in Hocking’s Political Philosophy -- I: Perspectives on the Study of Man -- The Approach of Political Philosophy -- The Broadened Empiricism: Critical Statement -- The Broadened Empiricism: Constructive Statement -- The Basic Ethical Standard: Human Potentiality -- II: The Free and Social Self -- The Challenge of Social Thought -- Freedom, Personal Unity, and the Will -- Sociality -- Society and the Individual -- III: The Political Community -- The State as a Problem -- The Origin of the Political Community -- The Purpose of the Political Community -- The Political Community as a Will Circuit -- Sovereignty -- IV: Individual Rights and Community Responsibilities -- Ways of Thinking About Rights -- Presumptive Right and Social Duty -- The Reformulation of Liberalism -- Political Participation and Leadership -- The Freedom of Expression -- V: Liberty and Community in International Relations -- Ethics and International Relations -- Securing International Peace -- Concluding statement -- Selected bibliography of William ernest hocking.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2798-4
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  • 69
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    Action: An Analysis of the Concept (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401028073
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (104p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind. ; Self.
    Abstract: I. Introduction -- II. Action -- 1. Doing and Acting -- 2. Bodily Movements and Actions -- 3. “Acts of Will” and Actions -- 4. Mere Doings and Candidates for Action -- 5. Sufferings -- 6. Responsibility as a Necessary Condition for Action -- 7. Bound Actions, Unbound Actions, and Responsibility -- 8. Four Necessary Conditions for Bound Action -- III. Choosing, Deciding, and Doing -- 9. “Choose” and “Decide” -- 10. Choosing and Deciding -- 11. Choosing, Deciding, and Doing -- 12. Choosing, Deciding, and Taking -- 13. Choice, Decision, and Deliberation -- IV. Acting, Doing, and Responsibility -- 14. “Perfectly Ordinary Actions” and Ascriptivism -- 15. Doing Something and Being Responsible for Doing It -- 16. Responsibility, What We Do, and the Upshots of What We Do -- 17. Responsibility, Censure, and Punishment -- 18. Action as a Defeasible Concept -- 19. Q3 and Q4 -- 20. Voluntary and Involuntary Behavior: A Preliminary -- V. On Describing Actions -- 21. Action: A Review -- 22. Descriptions of Actions -- 23. One Action: One Description -- 24. A Parallel with Epistemology: Doings and Things -- VI. Voluntary and Intentional Behavior -- 25. Aristotle on Voluntary Behavior -- 26. The Legal Concept of Voluntary Behavior -- 27. Austin and The Model Penal Code: Summation and Discussion -- 28. Voluntary and Involuntary Behavior: An Alternative to Aristotle -- 29. Intentional Behavior -- Bibliography of Works Cited -- Index of Authors Cited.
    Abstract: During the past decade, there has been considerable interest among philosophers in providing a philosophically satisfactory and helpful ana­ lysis of a particular type of human behavior called action. As I see it, this interest is a renewal of the efforts of Aristotle, in Ethica Nicomachea, to provide an analysis of voluntary action. Because of this, and because Aristotle's distinctions regarding voluntriety are fundamentally correct, what follows is in some ways a discussion in praise of Aristotle. But I have also argued for an analysis of action which will go some way toward withstanding criticism which can be brought against Aristotle's work as well as criticism which can be brought against the more con­ temporary efforts of others in the same subject. In Chapter Two, I argue for four conditions which are, when met, jointly necessary and sufficient for a particular item of human behavior on a particular occasion to qualify as a human action. The analysis does not allow us to determine that a particular kind of behavior, such as killing, is always an action.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. IntroductionII. Action -- 1. Doing and Acting -- 2. Bodily Movements and Actions -- 3. “Acts of Will” and Actions -- 4. Mere Doings and Candidates for Action -- 5. Sufferings -- 6. Responsibility as a Necessary Condition for Action -- 7. Bound Actions, Unbound Actions, and Responsibility -- 8. Four Necessary Conditions for Bound Action -- III. Choosing, Deciding, and Doing -- 9. “Choose” and “Decide” -- 10. Choosing and Deciding -- 11. Choosing, Deciding, and Doing -- 12. Choosing, Deciding, and Taking -- 13. Choice, Decision, and Deliberation -- IV. Acting, Doing, and Responsibility -- 14. “Perfectly Ordinary Actions” and Ascriptivism -- 15. Doing Something and Being Responsible for Doing It -- 16. Responsibility, What We Do, and the Upshots of What We Do -- 17. Responsibility, Censure, and Punishment -- 18. Action as a Defeasible Concept -- 19. Q3 and Q4 -- 20. Voluntary and Involuntary Behavior: A Preliminary -- V. On Describing Actions -- 21. Action: A Review -- 22. Descriptions of Actions -- 23. One Action: One Description -- 24. A Parallel with Epistemology: Doings and Things -- VI. Voluntary and Intentional Behavior -- 25. Aristotle on Voluntary Behavior -- 26. The Legal Concept of Voluntary Behavior -- 27. Austin and The Model Penal Code: Summation and Discussion -- 28. Voluntary and Involuntary Behavior: An Alternative to Aristotle -- 29. Intentional Behavior -- Bibliography of Works Cited -- Index of Authors Cited.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2807-3
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  • 70
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    A Thousand Deadlines: The New York City Press and American Neutrality, 1914-17 (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401028332
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (216p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Political science.
    Abstract: I. Introduction: The New York Press in 1914 -- II. The First Hundred Days, June 1914–October 1914 -- III. The Press and the Perils of Neutrality, October 1914–January 1915 -- IV. Concerning the Submarine, I, February 1915–May 1915 -- V. At the Crossroads, May 1915–December 1915 -- VI. Concerning the Submarine, II, January 1916–May 1916 -- VII. The Press and the Politics of Neutrality, May 1916–November 1916 -- VIII. The Last Hundred Days, December 1916–April 1917 -- IX. Conclusion: The New York Press, 1914–1917.
    Abstract: This study is an attempt to chronicle and analyse the attitudes of the New York press in connection with the events of the period from 1914 to 1917 relating to American neutrality. It is based primarily on a day­ to-day study of sixteen daily newspapers in New York City for the period of American non-participation in the First World War. The research involved not only editorial opinion but also news items, feature articles, letters to the editor, book reviews and special commentary. The files of the major New York newspapers of the period naturally constituted the basic sources. In addition to this, use was made of the memoirs, diaries and private papers of editors, publishers and other public figures; the Congressional Record, 1914-1917; Congressional hearings and reports, 1915, 1919, 1936 and 1937; certain British and German materials; books, articles and other secondary sources. The author also drew upon the recollections of New Yorkers active in journalism during the period.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Introduction: The New York Press in 1914II. The First Hundred Days, June 1914-October 1914 -- III. The Press and the Perils of Neutrality, October 1914-January 1915 -- IV. Concerning the Submarine, I, February 1915-May 1915 -- V. At the Crossroads, May 1915-December 1915 -- VI. Concerning the Submarine, II, January 1916-May 1916 -- VII. The Press and the Politics of Neutrality, May 1916-November 1916 -- VIII. The Last Hundred Days, December 1916-April 1917 -- IX. Conclusion: The New York Press, 1914-1917.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2833-2
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  • 71
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    Faith and Objectivity : Fritz Buri and the Hermeneutical Foundations of a Radical Theology (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401027601
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (295p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Religion and sociology. ; Cognitive psychology.
    Abstract: I. The Problem of Objectivity in the Genesis of Buri’s Theology -- A. Consistent Eschatology and Philosophy of Religion: Buri’s Early Position -- B. Objectivity and Self-Understanding: The Transition to Buri’s Mature Position -- I The Problem of Objectivity in the Foundations of a Theological Hermeneutic -- II. The Theological Problem of Objectivity and Non-Objectivity -- III. The Non-Objectivity of Faith and Revelation -- IV. Symbol, Myth, and the Dialectic of Objectivity and Nonobjectivity -- II The Problem of Objectivity in the Implementation of the Hermeneutical Principles -- V. Historicity and the Systematic Principle in the Interpretation of Doctrines -- VI. Existentialist Interpretation and Objective Description -- VII. Radical Theology and the Problem of Objectivity.
    Abstract: In the last decade, too many American theologians have been preoc­ cupied with charting and interpreting in a superficial manner the move­ ments of the newest stars in the Continental theological firmament. This preoccupation contributed much, unfortunately, to that faddism that was so characteristic of American theology in the Sixties, the period imme­ diately following the passing of a generation of theological giants like Barth, Bultmann, Tillich, Gogarten, and the Niebuhrs. There has seldom been a period in which so many promissory notes were issued so care­ lessly onto the intellectual market, notes that were not, and perhaps could not, have been redeemed. Given this temper of the times, it is difficult to account for the almost total neglect of the work of Professor Fritz Burl of Basel, whose "theolo­ gy of existence" is one of the most interesting and impressive contempo­ rary attempts to interpret the myths and symbols of the Christian faith in terms of an existentialist philosophy. Even if one were to apply that most superficial, though for many apparently decisive, criterion of "radicality," one might have expected his work to attract some sustained attention be­ cause Buri has consistently posed a radical solution to most of the hotly debated issues of the times: the problem of demythologization, the mean­ ing of theological language, the problems raised by historical criticism, and the meaning of the historical Jesus for faith, to mention a few.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. The Problem of Objectivity in the Genesis of Buri’s TheologyA. Consistent Eschatology and Philosophy of Religion: Buri’s Early Position -- B. Objectivity and Self-Understanding: The Transition to Buri’s Mature Position -- I The Problem of Objectivity in the Foundations of a Theological Hermeneutic -- II. The Theological Problem of Objectivity and Non-Objectivity -- III. The Non-Objectivity of Faith and Revelation -- IV. Symbol, Myth, and the Dialectic of Objectivity and Nonobjectivity -- II The Problem of Objectivity in the Implementation of the Hermeneutical Principles -- V. Historicity and the Systematic Principle in the Interpretation of Doctrines -- VI. Existentialist Interpretation and Objective Description -- VII. Radical Theology and the Problem of Objectivity.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2760-1
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  • 72
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    Scientific Method : The Hypothetico-Experimental Laboratory Procedure of the Physical Sciences (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401027588
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (254p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I. Introduction: Method, Domain and Findings -- 1. The understanding of science -- 2. The definition of science -- 3. The principal divisions of science -- 4. The multi-stage process -- 5. Beyond the mesocosm -- 6. The interpretation of science -- 7. The theory of practice -- 8. From theory to practice -- 9. Technology -- 10. From practice to theory -- 11. Cross-field applications -- 12. The aims of this handbook -- II. The Search for Data: Observation -- 1. Simple observation -- 2. Controlled observation -- 3. Observed facts -- III. The Search for Hypotheses: Induction -- 1. The derivation of classes -- 2. The formulation of inductions -- IV. The Adoption of an Hypotheses -- 1. Definition and description -- 2. Character -- 3. Criteria -- 4. Kinds -- 5. Occasions -- 6. Discovery -- 7. Function -- 8. Indispensability -- 9. Adoption -- V. The Testing of Hypotheses: Experiment -- 1. The meaning of “experiment” -- 2. The design of experiments -- 3. The logic of experiments -- 4. Experimental criteria -- 5. The use of instruments -- 6. Measurement -- 7. The use of techniques -- 8. Experimenting -- 9. Types of experiments -- 10. Varieties of results -- 11. Interpretations of the data -- 12. Empirical probability -- VI. The Testing of Theories: Calculation -- 1. The stage of mathematical verification -- 2. The requirements of a good scientific theory -- 3. The application of mathematics from the standpoint of mathematics -- 4. The application of mathematics from the standpoint of empirical formulations -- 5. Advanced mathematical verification -- 6. Difficulties of final formulations -- 7. The aim of deductive structures -- 8. Mathematical probability and causal law -- VII. The Testing of Laws: Prediction and Control -- 1. Prediction -- 2. Control -- 3. The end of scientific investigation -- VIII. Types of Empirical Discoveries -- 1. Empirical systems -- 2. Empirical areas -- 3. Laws -- 4. Entities -- 5. Processes -- 6. Formulas and rules -- 7. Procedural principles -- 8. The limits of empirical discovery -- References.
    Abstract: There remains only the obligation to thank those who have helped me with specific suggestions and the editors who have kindly granted permission to reprint material which first appeared in the pages of their journals. To the former group belong Alan B. Brinkley and Max O. Hocutt Portion of chap­ ters I and VI were published in Philosophy of Science; of chapters IV and V in Perspectives in Biology and Medicine; of chapter VIII in Dialectica; of chapter IX in The British lournal for the Philosophy of Science; and of chapter XIII in Synthese. J.K.F. New Orleans, 1971 PREFACE In this book I have tried to describe the scientific method, understood as the hypothetico-experimental technique of investigation which has been prac­ ticed so successfully in the physical sciences. It is the first volume of a three-volume work on the philosophy of science, each of which, however, is complete and independent. A second volume will contain an account of the domain in which the method operates and a history of empiricism. A third volume will be devoted to the philosophy of science proper: the metaphysics and epistemology presupposed by the method, its logical structure, and the ethical implications of its results.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Introduction: Method, Domain and Findings1. The understanding of science -- 2. The definition of science -- 3. The principal divisions of science -- 4. The multi-stage process -- 5. Beyond the mesocosm -- 6. The interpretation of science -- 7. The theory of practice -- 8. From theory to practice -- 9. Technology -- 10. From practice to theory -- 11. Cross-field applications -- 12. The aims of this handbook -- II. The Search for Data: Observation -- 1. Simple observation -- 2. Controlled observation -- 3. Observed facts -- III. The Search for Hypotheses: Induction -- 1. The derivation of classes -- 2. The formulation of inductions -- IV. The Adoption of an Hypotheses -- 1. Definition and description -- 2. Character -- 3. Criteria -- 4. Kinds -- 5. Occasions -- 6. Discovery -- 7. Function -- 8. Indispensability -- 9. Adoption -- V. The Testing of Hypotheses: Experiment -- 1. The meaning of “experiment” -- 2. The design of experiments -- 3. The logic of experiments -- 4. Experimental criteria -- 5. The use of instruments -- 6. Measurement -- 7. The use of techniques -- 8. Experimenting -- 9. Types of experiments -- 10. Varieties of results -- 11. Interpretations of the data -- 12. Empirical probability -- VI. The Testing of Theories: Calculation -- 1. The stage of mathematical verification -- 2. The requirements of a good scientific theory -- 3. The application of mathematics from the standpoint of mathematics -- 4. The application of mathematics from the standpoint of empirical formulations -- 5. Advanced mathematical verification -- 6. Difficulties of final formulations -- 7. The aim of deductive structures -- 8. Mathematical probability and causal law -- VII. The Testing of Laws: Prediction and Control -- 1. Prediction -- 2. Control -- 3. The end of scientific investigation -- VIII. Types of Empirical Discoveries -- 1. Empirical systems -- 2. Empirical areas -- 3. Laws -- 4. Entities -- 5. Processes -- 6. Formulas and rules -- 7. Procedural principles -- 8. The limits of empirical discovery -- References.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2758-8
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  • 73
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    Jordan: A Study in Political Development (1921-1965) (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401027731
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Political science.
    Abstract: I. Introduction: A Conceptual Framework -- I The Political Environment -- II. The Historical Background -- III. The Communal Structure of Politics -- IV. Economic and Demographic Conditions -- II The Changing Structure of Society -- V. Patriarchal Oligarchy -- VI. Palace Politics Versus Constitutionalism (1950–1953) -- III External Factors in Political Development -- VII. From The Baghdad Pact to The Eisenhower Doctrine (1954–57) -- VIII. Jordan, The Arab Union, And The United Arab Republic -- IX. The Search for Stability, 1959–1965 -- X. Summary and Conclusions.
    Abstract: The past decade has been a period of excessive fiuctuation fluctuation in the distribution and exerciseof exercise of power power in in Jordan, Jordan, and and the the land land and and the the people people have have passed passed through through some some of the most agonizing moments of their history. The political climate has been polluted with suspicion and repression, and even when peace and tranquility retumed, returned, the determinants ,¥ere ,,,,ere the the external extemal factors, factors, rather rather than than the the internal intemal maturity maturity and and harmony harmony of the system to create conditions of life which could ensure respect respeet for law lawand and liberties liberties among among the the rulers, rulers, and and trust trust and and confidence confidence among among the the subjects. subjects. The The defeat defeat of Arab armies in June, 1967 stimulated the rise of a Palestinian resistance movement based in Trans-Jordan, commonly known as the East Bank. This element has given a new dimension to Jordanian politics. The government and Commandos are at cross-purposes on practically every issue of public policy. The civil war and the blood-shed it it entailed entailed have have further further critically critically strained strained relations relations between between the the two. two. This This has has perpetuated perpetuated an an atmosphere atmosphere of chronic tension and insecurity in the country.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Introduction: A Conceptual FrameworkI The Political Environment -- II. The Historical Background -- III. The Communal Structure of Politics -- IV. Economic and Demographic Conditions -- II The Changing Structure of Society -- V. Patriarchal Oligarchy -- VI. Palace Politics Versus Constitutionalism (1950-1953) -- III External Factors in Political Development -- VII. From The Baghdad Pact to The Eisenhower Doctrine (1954-57) -- VIII. Jordan, The Arab Union, And The United Arab Republic -- IX. The Search for Stability, 1959-1965 -- X. Summary and Conclusions.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2773-1
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  • 74
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    “Active and Passive Potency” in Thomistic Angelology (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401028004
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (111p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Preface -- A. “Separate Substances” and/or “Angels”? -- B. Separate Substances Revisited : The Present Situation -- I. Introduction -- II. The Thomistic Doctrine on Potency -- A. The distinction of Actual from Potential Being -- B. Potency as a Principle of Being -- C. The Primordial Types — Active and Passive -- D. Subdivisions of Active and Passive Potency -- III. The Powers of Separate Substances -- A. Problems Arising in the Investigation of These Powers -- B. Means of Demonstration Proposed by St. Thomas -- C. The Relationship of Physical Bases to Metaphysical Conclusions -- D. The Power of Self-Motion in Separate Substances -- E. The Power of Intellection in Separate Substances -- F. The Power of Volition in Separate Substances -- G. The Hierarchical Disposition of Separate Substances on the Basis of These Powers -- IV. The Capacities of Separate Substances -- A. Means of Investigation of These Capacities -- B. The Capacity for Existence (Esse) in Separate Substances -- C. The Capacity for Justification in Separate Substances -- D. The Capacity for Local Transmutability in Separate Substances -- E. The Relative Capacities of the Angelic Hierarchies -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: A. "SEPARATE SUBSTANCES" AND lOR" ANGELS"? It is interesting to note that, in an expressly theological treatise such as the Summa theologiae, St. Thomas generally uses the term "angel", in preference to "separate substance"; while in works with a less explicit theological intent - e. g. the Summa contra gentiles and the De substantiis separatis 1 - he generally prefers the term "separate substance". But at any rate there is little doubt that the two terms, "separate sub­ stance" and "angel" have a certain interchangeability and equivalence in the works of St. Thomas. In other words, "the separate substance" is equivalent to "the angel, insofar as its existence and attributes are knowable through human reason alone". And this has led Karl Barth 2 to charge that St. Thomas' angelology is primarily a philosophical presenta­ tion, with little relevance to theology. 1 We might say that these works are "philosophical" insofar as arguments from reason are emphasized in them, rather than arguments from revelation or faith. However, as Lescoe points out (in the Introduction to his edition of the De substantUs separatis, p. 8), the treatise on separate substances leads up to theological subject-matter in Ch. 's XVII ff- namely, an exposition of Catholic teaching as found in Sacred Scripture, the Fathers, and especially Dionysius. And Chenu maintains that the Summa contra gentiles is basically a theological work, because it not only leads up to theological subject-matter in Bk.
    Description / Table of Contents: PrefaceA. “Separate Substances” and/or “Angels”? -- B. Separate Substances Revisited : The Present Situation -- I. Introduction -- II. The Thomistic Doctrine on Potency -- A. The distinction of Actual from Potential Being -- B. Potency as a Principle of Being -- C. The Primordial Types - Active and Passive -- D. Subdivisions of Active and Passive Potency -- III. The Powers of Separate Substances -- A. Problems Arising in the Investigation of These Powers -- B. Means of Demonstration Proposed by St. Thomas -- C. The Relationship of Physical Bases to Metaphysical Conclusions -- D. The Power of Self-Motion in Separate Substances -- E. The Power of Intellection in Separate Substances -- F. The Power of Volition in Separate Substances -- G. The Hierarchical Disposition of Separate Substances on the Basis of These Powers -- IV. The Capacities of Separate Substances -- A. Means of Investigation of These Capacities -- B. The Capacity for Existence (Esse) in Separate Substances -- C. The Capacity for Justification in Separate Substances -- D. The Capacity for Local Transmutability in Separate Substances -- E. The Relative Capacities of the Angelic Hierarchies -- Index of Names.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2800-4
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  • 75
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    Hegel on the Soul : A Speculative Anthropology (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401028288
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (185p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern
    Abstract: I Introductory: Knowledge and Self-Knowledge -- One: Know Thyself as Spirit -- Two: The Speculative Method -- Three: The Notion of Subjective Spirit -- II Spirit as Soul: the Science of Anthropology -- Four: The Natural Soul -- Five: The Feeling Soul -- Six: The Actual Soul -- Appendix: The Notion of Consciousness -- Seven: Consciousness and its Science.
    Abstract: The present study seeks to treat in depth a relatively restricted portion of Hegel's thought but one that has not yet received intensive treatment by Hegel scholars in English. In the Hegelian system of philosophical sciences, the Anthropology directly follows the Philosophy of Nature and forms the first of the three sciences of Subjective Spirit: 1 Anthropo­ logy, Phenomenology, and Psychology. The section on Subjective Spirit is then followed by sections on Objective Spirit and Absolute Spirit. The three sections together comprise the Philosophy of Spirit (Philosophie des Geistes 2), which constitutes the third and concluding main division of Hegel's total system as presented in the Encyclopedia of Philosophic Sciences in Outline. a Hegel intended to write a separate full-scale work on the philosophy of Subjective Spirit as he had done on Objective Spirit (the Philosophy of Right), but died before he could do so. · Thus the focus of our study is quite concentrated. Its relatively narrow scope within the vast compass of the Hegelian system may be justified, 1 Iring Fetscher (HegeUt Lehre vom Menschen, Stuttgart, 1970, p. 11) notes the lack of a modem commentary to Hegel's Encyclopedia, and in particular to the section on Subjective Spirit. Brief accounts of this section in English may be found in: Hugh A. Reyburn, The Ethical Theory of Hegel (Oxford, 1921), Chapter V; and O. R. O. Mure, A Study of Hegers Logic (Oxford, 1950), pp. 2-22.
    Description / Table of Contents: I Introductory: Knowledge and Self-KnowledgeOne: Know Thyself as Spirit -- Two: The Speculative Method -- Three: The Notion of Subjective Spirit -- II Spirit as Soul: the Science of Anthropology -- Four: The Natural Soul -- Five: The Feeling Soul -- Six: The Actual Soul -- Appendix: The Notion of Consciousness -- Seven: Consciousness and its Science.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2828-8
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  • 76
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    Facets of Eros : Phenomenological Essays (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401023870
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (177p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Philosophy, Ancient.
    Abstract: 1. “A Phenomenology of Eros” -- 2. “The Cognitive Aspects of Love” -- 3. “The ‘Ordo Amoris’ in Max Scheler” -- 4. “Sense and Sensuality” -- 5. “Psyche in Longing, Mourning, and Anger” -- 6. “Signs and Symbol in the Sexual Act” -- 7. “The Nude as Symbol” -- 8. “Don Juan: Idealist and Sensualist”.
    Abstract: In an age which is supposedly experiencing a sexual revolution, a volume of thoughtful essays on eros is not only not out of place but perhaps is a positive contribution to the understanding of contempor­ ary man. It was the conviction of the editors that the scientific view of sexuality, as promoted in such valuable studies as those conducted by Masters and Johnson, needed considerable supplement and per­ spective. The perspective is here furnished by writers from both Europe and America, authors from various fields, such as philosophy, psychology, and even musicology, all of whom are united, in that their approach to the problem of eros is phenomenologically oriented. At first it might well seem strange that musicology would have much to say about eros. It is true, musicology has been the "science" of music, at least in intent. Yet in a larger view of the discipline, philo­ sophical and aesthetic problems are also important to it, and this particularly if we agree with Enzo Paci, that our very culture depends on eros. Surely musical culture, as pointed out by Kierkegaard, is the embodiment of what western civilization has known as sensuality; and Mozart's Don Giovanni is its incarnation. On the surface it is easier for us to grasp the work of the philosopher in this area; and, of course, one expects the psychologist to deal with sexuality more explicitly than anyone else.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. “A Phenomenology of Eros”2. “The Cognitive Aspects of Love” -- 3. “The ‘Ordo Amoris’ in Max Scheler” -- 4. “Sense and Sensuality” -- 5. “Psyche in Longing, Mourning, and Anger” -- 6. “Signs and Symbol in the Sexual Act” -- 7. “The Nude as Symbol” -- 8. “Don Juan: Idealist and Sensualist”.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2387-0
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  • 77
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    Aquinas’ Proofs for God’s Existence : St. Thomas Aquinas on: “The Per Accidens Necessarily Implies the Per Se” (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401023801
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (216p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Elders, Leo, 1926 - 2019 [Rezension von: Bonnette, D., Aquinas' Proofs for God's Existence. St. Thomas Aquinas on: « The Per Accidens necessarily implies the Per Se »] 1973
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy, medieval ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Religion.
    Abstract: The Nature and Limits of the Inquiry — The Central Contexts to be Analysed -- I Domains other than that of Creature-God -- I. The Domain of Accident-Substance -- II. The Domain of Change -- III. The Domain of Knowledge -- II The Domain of Creature-God -- Introduction: The Cause of Per Accidens Being -- I. The Way of the De Ente Et Essentia -- II. Apropos of the Quinque Viae in General -- III. The Prima Via -- IV. The Secunda Via -- V. The Tertia Via -- VI. The Quarta Via -- VII. The Quinta Via -- Conclusion.
    Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the legitimacy of the principle, "The per accidens necessarily implies the per se," as it is found in the writings of St. Thomas Aquinas. Special emphasis will be placed upon the function of this principle in the proofs for God's existence. The relevance of the principle in this latter context can be seen at once when it is observed that it is the key to the solution of the well known "prob­ lem of infinite regress. " The investigation of the principle in question will be divided into two Parts. A preliminary examination of the function of the principle will be made in Part I: Domains Other Than That of Creature-God. The domains to be considered in this Part are those of accident-substance, change, and knowledge. Employing what is learned of the function of the principle in these areas of application, Part II: The Domain of Creature-God will analyze the role of the principle in the proofs for God's existence. This latter Part will constitute the greater portion of the book, since the domain of creatures in their relation to God is the most significant application of the principle in the writings of St. Thomas. In the course of this investigation, relevant analyses by St. Thomas' commentators - both classical and contemporary - will be considered. Finally, in light of the insights offered by St.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Nature and Limits of the Inquiry - The Central Contexts to be AnalysedI Domains other than that of Creature-God -- I. The Domain of Accident-Substance -- II. The Domain of Change -- III. The Domain of Knowledge -- II The Domain of Creature-God -- Introduction: The Cause of Per Accidens Being -- I. The Way of the De Ente Et Essentia -- II. Apropos of the Quinque Viae in General -- III. The Prima Via -- IV. The Secunda Via -- V. The Tertia Via -- VI. The Quarta Via -- VII. The Quinta Via -- Conclusion.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2380-1
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  • 78
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    Tyssot de Patot and His Work 1655-1738 (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401746922
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 235 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales D’histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; History ; Philosophy—History.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-4692-2
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  • 79
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    Koreri Messianic Movements in the Biak-Numfor Culture Area : Koninklijk Instituut Voor Taal-, Land-, En Volkenkunde Translation Series 15 (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401507424
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 328 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences
    Abstract: I. The Setting -- a. Geographical and historical background -- b. Plans of houses and villages -- c. Social organization -- d. Religion -- II. The Myth of Manarmakeri -- Names -- Prehistory -- Genealogy of Manarmakeri -- On the heights of Yamnaibori -- Prologue -- The Myth -- a. Introduction -- b. The story -- III. The Return of Manseren Manggundi and the Conclusion of the Myth -- a. The return -- b. The conclusion of the myth -- IV. The Meaning of the Differences in the Variants of the Myth -- The poetical text of the myth -- The Song (Beyuser) of Manarmakdi -- (a. Introduction) -- (b. The song (monologue of the Old Man)) -- (c. Intermezzo) -- (d. Continuing the narrative) -- V. The Connection with Biak Mythology -- 1. The disguised figures, rejected or accepted -- 2. The contact with the ancestors and the land of souls -- 3. The meaning of the coconut palm -- 4. The voyage from west to east, and the role of the generation groups -- 5. The moon, the sun, and the Morning Star -- 6. The animals in the myths -- 7. Acts of creation by the principal personages in the myths -- 8. The function of the clan sanctuary as the center of mythical power and the moveability of this center -- VI. The Advent Nights -- VII. History of the Movements 1855–1967 -- The Movements -- Japen and Kurudu -- The Radja Ampat area -- Koreri movements after World War II -- VIII. The Movements of 1938–1943 in Biak, Numfor and Japen -- 1. The beginning of the Movement in Supiori -- 2. 1942, the New Leader, Stephanus Simopyaref -- 3. Considerations -- 4. Further Developments -- 5. The Development in Numfor -- 6. Different Trends within — and in connection with — the Movement -- 7. Reorganization after the Imprisonment of Stephanus Ronsumbre -- 8. Stephen Wanda in Numfor -- 9. Birmori (Korinus) Sasiaber or Bosren -- 10. Chronological Outline of the Events after November 1942 -- 11. Koreri Symbolism in Numfor (c. 1943–44) -- 12. The Great Movement in Japen -- 13. The Final Phase of the Great Movement -- IX. The Historical Factors and the Influence of the Contact-Situations on the Movements -- 1. Mutual rivalry -- 2. The raids -- 3. The Subjection to Tidore -- 4. Contacts with Europeans -- 5. The Mission -- 6. The Government -- 7. Attitude towards strangers -- 8. The Problem of Acculturation in the Geelvink Bay -- X. Closing Remarks on the Movements as a Problem -- 1. The Position of the Problem (in general) -- 2. Supplement -- 3. Missionary views of the Movements -- 4. The Manseren Movements of Biak -- XI. Summary and Conclusion -- Summary -- Conclusion -- Appendix: Similar Movements in other parts of West New Guinea (West Irian) -- List of Abbreviations -- General Index -- Photographs Frontispiece -- 1. Rodjau Obinaru with shield -- 2. Konoor Warbesren Rumbewas -- 3. Pamai Jacadewa -- Maps At the back of the book -- I. Indicating Koreri Movements -- II. Indicating Similar Movements.
    Abstract: This study developed out of the personal experience of daily life that I and my family had in the years 1932-1942 among the Biak­ speaking people of the Radja Ampat area (Sorong), West New Guinea. Our family had become integrated into the community as far as possible, and we used the Biak language every day. Three of the movements described in this book took place in that area, so that I was able to study them under the favorable conditions of direct participation and observation. The first edition of the book in 1954 (in Dutch) was the writer's doctoral thesis (Ph. D.), written under the guidance of the late Professor J. P. B. de Josselin de Jong. I am very grateful to the Royal Institute of Linguistics and Anthro­ pology, Leiden, for publishing the revised English edition in its Translation Series. The Biak material deserves more readers than the Dutch edition was able to reach.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-0742-4
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  • 80
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    Philosophy : The Concept and its Manifestations (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401029056
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 258 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; History ; Philosophy—History. ; Logic. ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: I / Changing Concepts -- I. Deliberate Knowledge -- II. The Knowledge of the All -- III. Knowledge, Interpretation and Congruence -- IV. Knowledge as Method -- V. The Justification of Knowledge and the Knowledge of Ends -- VI. Continuations and Developments -- II / Background and Consequences -- VII. The Origins of Philosophy -- VIII. Philosophy and Life -- IX. Philosophy and Its History -- X. Science and Philosophy -- XI. Religion and Philosophy -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: The present book is concerned with the nature of philosophy and with the scope of philosophical interest. It combines an analysis of the major types of philosophical thinking as they emerged in the history of philosophical ideas with an attempt to examine problems which recurrent­ ly emerge in philosophical discourse. It is from this point of view that the historical and the systematic approaches are meant to be mutually reinforcing. I am grateful to my friends who helped me to formulate the line of thinking expressed in this book: Z. Bar-On, A. Margalit, E. I. I. Poznanski, Z. Werblovsky and E. Zemach. Some years ago when I visited the Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions in Santa Barbara, Dr. Robert M. Hutchins encouraged me to write the present book. I am dedicating the book to him not only because of that encouragement but more importantly because as an educational thinker Dr. Hutchins represents the position which assigns to the great ideas of the past validity and value in the analysis of topical problems of the present.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2905-6
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  • 81
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    Search for Gods (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401028165
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (296p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Anthropology ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Religion.
    Abstract: Confusion and Search for Gods -- 1. Obscurities in Man’s World -- 2. Cabin on the Nechako -- 3. The General Method of the Present Book -- I. Early Man’s World -- 1. Modern Specialization and Mythical Wholeness -- 2. The Theocentric or Enthusiastic World -- 3. Enthusiasm in the Mythical World -- 4. Man’s Mortality -- II. Gods -- 1. Gods and the Ancient Way of Life -- 2. Nature and Gods -- 3. Gods and the Human World -- 4. Nature and Concealment -- 5. The Play of Gods -- III. Nature and Man -- 1. The Solidity of the Ancient World -- 2. Western Philosophy -- 3. Things and Gods -- 4. Godlessness -- 5. Freedom -- 6. Christianity -- IV. Man and Animals -- 1. Nature, the Ever-Hidden -- 2. Technology and Nature -- 3. Some Traits of Animal Life -- 4. Culture and Nature’s Play -- 5. Animal and Human Societies -- 6. Wisdom -- 7. Wisdom and Gods -- 8. The Godliness of Things and Animals -- V. Culture -- 1. Cult — Co-play with Gods -- 2. Man’s Responsive Attitude in Cults -- 3. Man’s Erring -- 4. Man in Nature’s Play -- 5. Contemporary and Mythical Man -- 6. Language -- 7. Man’s Guilt -- 8. Spatio-Temporal Play -- 9. The Relativity of Culture -- VI. The Greatness of Man -- 1. The Wail of a Dead Tree -- 2. The Event of Philosophy -- 3. Rational and Transcendental Ethics -- 4. Great Men -- 5. Opinions -- 6. Freedom -- 7. Mediation between Gods and Men -- 8. The Encumbrance of Lordly Dwelling in Contemporary Times -- VII. Death -- 1. Death-Birth -- 2. Death of Gods -- 3. Death and Time -- 4. Holy and Profane Things -- 5. Death and Language -- VII. Reincarnation -- 1. The Dioscuri Brothers -- 2. Karmic Guilt -- 3. The Accomplishment of Man’s Mission -- 4. Man’s Fidelity to Himself -- 5. Man’s Life — Participation in Nature’s Life -- 6. Animism -- 7. The Dream -- 8. Inner Life -- 9. Freedom to Guilt -- Conclusive Note.
    Abstract: In the unequaled and majestic contemporary technological phase of our cultural development, where democratic liberties and the means of well­ being are accessible to everyone; man is unsatisfied, insecure, rebellious, confused and lost. More than ever before he seems to lack the sureness of his way in life. The abundance of theories, doctrines and various philosophical, social or religious systems and moral teachings fails to provide the individual today with any clarity whatsoever. Lacking this, he turns to peripheral events, to sensational occurrences; he turns his attention to more and to glaring new models of technological products. more new things, mostly Acquiring a great multitude of these and various other things, he seems to stress his own importance, thus making an inquiry in its fundamental validity superfluous. In this way he escapes the search of his very own mission; he betrays the superior powers which demand from him his existential contribution in finding his ideals and outlining the way of his life.
    Description / Table of Contents: Confusion and Search for Gods1. Obscurities in Man’s World -- 2. Cabin on the Nechako -- 3. The General Method of the Present Book -- I. Early Man’s World -- 1. Modern Specialization and Mythical Wholeness -- 2. The Theocentric or Enthusiastic World -- 3. Enthusiasm in the Mythical World -- 4. Man’s Mortality -- II. Gods -- 1. Gods and the Ancient Way of Life -- 2. Nature and Gods -- 3. Gods and the Human World -- 4. Nature and Concealment -- 5. The Play of Gods -- III. Nature and Man -- 1. The Solidity of the Ancient World -- 2. Western Philosophy -- 3. Things and Gods -- 4. Godlessness -- 5. Freedom -- 6. Christianity -- IV. Man and Animals -- 1. Nature, the Ever-Hidden -- 2. Technology and Nature -- 3. Some Traits of Animal Life -- 4. Culture and Nature’s Play -- 5. Animal and Human Societies -- 6. Wisdom -- 7. Wisdom and Gods -- 8. The Godliness of Things and Animals -- V. Culture -- 1. Cult - Co-play with Gods -- 2. Man’s Responsive Attitude in Cults -- 3. Man’s Erring -- 4. Man in Nature’s Play -- 5. Contemporary and Mythical Man -- 6. Language -- 7. Man’s Guilt -- 8. Spatio-Temporal Play -- 9. The Relativity of Culture -- VI. The Greatness of Man -- 1. The Wail of a Dead Tree -- 2. The Event of Philosophy -- 3. Rational and Transcendental Ethics -- 4. Great Men -- 5. Opinions -- 6. Freedom -- 7. Mediation between Gods and Men -- 8. The Encumbrance of Lordly Dwelling in Contemporary Times -- VII. Death -- 1. Death-Birth -- 2. Death of Gods -- 3. Death and Time -- 4. Holy and Profane Things -- 5. Death and Language -- VII. Reincarnation -- 1. The Dioscuri Brothers -- 2. Karmic Guilt -- 3. The Accomplishment of Man’s Mission -- 4. Man’s Fidelity to Himself -- 5. Man’s Life - Participation in Nature’s Life -- 6. Animism -- 7. The Dream -- 8. Inner Life -- 9. Freedom to Guilt -- Conclusive Note.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2816-5
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  • 82
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    The Mind and the Brain : A Multi-Aspect Interpretation (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401028431
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 174 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Biology—Philosophy. ; Neurosciences. ; Medical sciences.
    Abstract: I. Descartes—The Mind and The Body -- II. Science and the Identity Theory -- III. Correlation, Identity and Substance—Some Conceptual Issues -- IV Reduction and Reality—Some Misconceptions About Science -- V. The Physical and the Mental -- VI. A Multi-Aspect Theory of the Mind -- VII. Kinds of Pains and Kinds of Languages -- Conclusion -- References Cited.
    Abstract: 2 no predictions or experimental findings based on the Identity Theory differ from those based on mind-brain Parallelism or Epiphenomenal­ ism, i.e., Dualism in general. The Identity Theory, therefore, must stand or fall on its reputed conceptual advantages over Dualism. Then the conceptual issues at stake in the mind-brain problem are discussed. The kernel of truth present in the Identity Theory is shown to be obscured by all the talk about reducing sensations to neural processes. An attempt is made to characterize pain adequately as a pattern or complex of bodily processes. This view is then reconciled with the asymmetry in the way one is aware of one's own pains and the way in which others are. This asymmetry constitutes an epistemological dualism which no philosophical theory or scientific experiment could alter. The sense in which experiences are both mental and physical is thus elucidated. A Multi-Aspect Theory of the mind is presented and defended. Five aspects of pain are discussed in some detail: experiential, neural, bodily, behavioral and verbal. Having a mind characteristically involves having all of these features except the bodily (i.e., a physical irregularity). Thus having a mind characteristically entails having experiences and a healthy, functioning brain. It also involves being able to act and speak reasonably intelligently.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Descartes-The Mind and The BodyII. Science and the Identity Theory -- III. Correlation, Identity and Substance-Some Conceptual Issues -- IV Reduction and Reality-Some Misconceptions About Science -- V. The Physical and the Mental -- VI. A Multi-Aspect Theory of the Mind -- VII. Kinds of Pains and Kinds of Languages -- Conclusion -- References Cited.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2843-1
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  • 83
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    Gesammelte Aufsätze : II Studien zur soziologischen Theorie (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401028493
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (300p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Anthropology ; Sociology.
    Abstract: I Reine Theorie -- Die soziale Welt und die Theorie der sozialen Handlung -- Das Problem der Rationalität in der sozialen Welt -- II Angewandte Theorie -- Der Fremde -- Der Heimkehrer -- Der Gut Informierte Bürger -- Don Quixote und das Problem der Realität -- Gemeinsam Musizieren -- Mozart und die Philosophen -- Santayana über Gesellschaft und Regierung -- Die Gleichheit und die Sinnstruktur der sozialen Welt -- Einige ÄQuivokationen im Begriff der Verantwortlichkeit -- Tiresias oder unser Wissen von Zukünftigen Ereignissen -- Personenregister.
    Description / Table of Contents: I Reine TheorieDie soziale Welt und die Theorie der sozialen Handlung -- Das Problem der Rationalität in der sozialen Welt -- II Angewandte Theorie -- Der Fremde -- Der Heimkehrer -- Der Gut Informierte Bürger -- Don Quixote und das Problem der Realität -- Gemeinsam Musizieren -- Mozart und die Philosophen -- Santayana über Gesellschaft und Regierung -- Die Gleichheit und die Sinnstruktur der sozialen Welt -- Einige ÄQuivokationen im Begriff der Verantwortlichkeit -- Tiresias oder unser Wissen von Zukünftigen Ereignissen -- Personenregister.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2849-3
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  • 84
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    Complementary Notions : A Critical Study of Berkeley’s Theory of Concepts (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401028417
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (174p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern
    Abstract: Introducation -- I — ‘Notions’ as the Counterpoise of ‘Ideas’ -- 1. Coherence and Commonsense -- 2. The Philosophical Commentaries -- II — Ideas -- The Manuscripts -- Idea of : (Moore and Russell) -- Defining Characteristics of Ideas -- Ideas and Things -- III — Minds -- Types of ‘Notions’ -- Published Notions -- The Self -- Other Finite Spirits: -- Infinite Spirit: -- IV — Some Consequences: -- IV — Relations -- The Rôle of Relations, or Concepts -- The Introduction to the Principles of Human Knowledge — First Draft -- Some Variations: The Chapman MS -- Letters to Samuel Johnson -- Some Consequences -- V — Sensation and Space -- Kinds of Spaces -- Perceived Spaces and Concepts -- Extension and Divisibility -- VI — Other Berkeleyan Concepts -- Section I — Object and Likeness -- Section II — Identity and Time -- Section III — Numbering and Naming -- Appendix I — The history of the word ‘notion’ in Berkeley’s writings -- Appendix II — Structure of the Philosophical Commentaries -- Appendix III — Note on the marginal signs in the MS notebooks.
    Abstract: This volume grew out of work on Berkeley which was presented in a dissertation several years ago. Though now much revised and greatly expanded. particularly in respect of the theory of concepts, a good part of the present text rests on this earlier foundation. I therefore gladly take this opportunity to express my appreciation to my teachers both at Indiana University and at McGill, and especially to Professor Newton Stallknecht who directed my dissertation. For permission to quote from the Berkeley manuscripts in their keeping, I have first to thank the Trustees of the British Museum, and the Board of Trinity College Dublin. I wish further to thank the Bodleian Library, Oxford for allowing me to quote from their collection of Locke manu­ scripts. Also I am grateful to the Editor of Filoso/ia for letting me use excerpts from an article that first appeared in the Stu'di Internazionali di Filoso/ia, and to George Allen and Unwin. Publishers, for permission to quote a long passage from Bertrand Russell's Analysis 0/ Mind. From thesis project to published book, my research on the Berkeley manuscripts has been made possible by the generous and timely support of the Canada Council. Finally. I wish to thank Mrs. Anne Hillier for preparing the manuscript with great patience and skill.
    Description / Table of Contents: IntroducationI - ‘Notions’ as the Counterpoise of ‘Ideas’ -- 1. Coherence and Commonsense -- 2. The Philosophical Commentaries -- II - Ideas -- The Manuscripts -- Idea of : (Moore and Russell) -- Defining Characteristics of Ideas -- Ideas and Things -- III - Minds -- Types of ‘Notions’ -- Published Notions -- The Self -- Other Finite Spirits: -- Infinite Spirit: -- IV - Some Consequences: -- IV - Relations -- The Rôle of Relations, or Concepts -- The Introduction to the Principles of Human Knowledge - First Draft -- Some Variations: The Chapman MS -- Letters to Samuel Johnson -- Some Consequences -- V - Sensation and Space -- Kinds of Spaces -- Perceived Spaces and Concepts -- Extension and Divisibility -- VI - Other Berkeleyan Concepts -- Section I - Object and Likeness -- Section II - Identity and Time -- Section III - Numbering and Naming -- Appendix I - The history of the word ‘notion’ in Berkeley’s writings -- Appendix II - Structure of the Philosophical Commentaries -- Appendix III - Note on the marginal signs in the MS notebooks.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2841-7
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  • 85
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    Faith and the Life of Reason (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401029100
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (266p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: I. Faith-and Faith in Hypotheses -- I. Falsifiable Theism: Sketch of a Position -- II. Hypothetical Faith: Criteria of Rationality -- II. Two Sides to a Theist’s Coin -- I. The Two Sides Distinguished -- II. The Two Sides and the PROSLOGION -- III. Miracles: Nowell-Smith’s Analysis and Tillich’s Phenomenology -- I. The Matter Briskly Introduced -- II. The Matter Reintroduced -- IV. From “God” to “Is” and from “Is” to “Ought” -- I. Convention and Wisdom About “Meaning” and “Necessity” -- II. Looking Back Without Anger: a Cry from the Fifties -- III. From “God” to “Is”: Good Reasons and Justifying Explanations -- IV. From “God” to “Is” -Some Fallacies about Being A Being -- V. From “God” to “Is”: The Muddled Fear of Calling God A Being -- VI. From “God” to “Is” -Current Confusions about Existence as Necessary and Existence as Predicate -- VII. Existence as Necessary and Existence as Predicate: the Confusions Probed -- VIII. Does “X is a Necessary Being” Entail “X is Timeless”? -- V. From “Is” to “Ought” and from “Ought” to “God” -- I. Some Steps Retraced: “God Exists” as a Necessary Truth -- II. The Necessary Truth Contested: Persons Without Bodies -- III. The Necessary Truth Contested: Appeals to Evil -- IV. The Necessary Truth Reaffirmed: “No ‘is’ Without ‘OUGHT’ in the Offing” -- V. The Necessary Truth Reaffirmed: “For an ‘OUGHT’ is as Hard as an ‘is’” -- VI. Probability and ‘The Will to Believe’ Introduction -- I. Metaphysics and Probability -- II. ‘Probability’ and Semantic Theories -- III. Rational Commitment and ‘The Will to Believe’ -- VII. Gambling on other Minds- Human and Divine -- I. “Evil”, “Ought” and “Can” as Springboards for the Will to Believe -- II. ‘Theodicy and Rational Commitment’ or ‘Über Formal ent-scheidbare Sätzenkonjunktionen der Principia Theologica und verwandter Systeme’ -- III. Gambling on Deity and Fraternity -- IV. Gambling on Reference and Sense -- VIII. Rational Action, Aquinas and War -- I. An Introduction to Some Confused Modern Thinking About War -- II. ‘A Just War is One Declared by the Duly Constituted Authority’ -- III. ‘A Just War Uses Means Proportional to the Ends’ -- IV. Farewell to Anti-Martial Muddles?.
    Abstract: This book brings together ideas and materials which we have discussed together over the years as friends and colleagues. We draw on four papers published by us both as co-authors and on several more papers published by King-Farlow alone. We wish to thank the editors and publishers of the following journals for permission to make use of matter or points which have appeared in their pages in the years indicated: The Philosophical Quarterly (1957, 1962, 1971); The Thomist (1958, 1971, 1972); The Inter­ national Philosophical Quarterly (1962); Theoria (1963); The Southern Journal of Philosophy (1963); Sophia (1965, 1967, 1969,1971); Philosoph­ ical Studies of Eire (1968, 1970, 1971); Philosophy and Phenomenological Research (1968); Analysis (1970); Religious Studies (Cambridge University Press, 1971; we acknowledge a debt to H. D. Lewis, Editor, on page 20). This book is not, however, a collection of reprinted articles. It is a continuous work which deals with a vital cluster of problems in the philosophy of religion. In this work we attempt to utilize both our earlier thoughts, often considerably revised, and our very recent ones in order to argue for the good sense and rationality of making certain strong forms of commitment to some basic elements of primary wisdom in the Judaeo­ Christian tradition. While pursuing the investigations which have led to the writing of this book we have found ourselves becoming indebted to many individuals and institutions.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Faith-and Faith in HypothesesI. Falsifiable Theism: Sketch of a Position -- II. Hypothetical Faith: Criteria of Rationality -- II. Two Sides to a Theist’s Coin -- I. The Two Sides Distinguished -- II. The Two Sides and the PROSLOGION -- III. Miracles: Nowell-Smith’s Analysis and Tillich’s Phenomenology -- I. The Matter Briskly Introduced -- II. The Matter Reintroduced -- IV. From “God” to “Is” and from “Is” to “Ought” -- I. Convention and Wisdom About “Meaning” and “Necessity” -- II. Looking Back Without Anger: a Cry from the Fifties -- III. From “God” to “Is”: Good Reasons and Justifying Explanations -- IV. From “God” to “Is” -Some Fallacies about Being A Being -- V. From “God” to “Is”: The Muddled Fear of Calling God A Being -- VI. From “God” to “Is” -Current Confusions about Existence as Necessary and Existence as Predicate -- VII. Existence as Necessary and Existence as Predicate: the Confusions Probed -- VIII. Does “X is a Necessary Being” Entail “X is Timeless”? -- V. From “Is” to “Ought” and from “Ought” to “God” -- I. Some Steps Retraced: “God Exists” as a Necessary Truth -- II. The Necessary Truth Contested: Persons Without Bodies -- III. The Necessary Truth Contested: Appeals to Evil -- IV. The Necessary Truth Reaffirmed: “No ‘is’ Without ‘OUGHT’ in the Offing” -- V. The Necessary Truth Reaffirmed: “For an ‘OUGHT’ is as Hard as an ‘is’” -- VI. Probability and ‘The Will to Believe’ Introduction -- I. Metaphysics and Probability -- II. ‘Probability’ and Semantic Theories -- III. Rational Commitment and ‘The Will to Believe’ -- VII. Gambling on other Minds- Human and Divine -- I. “Evil”, “Ought” and “Can” as Springboards for the Will to Believe -- II. ‘Theodicy and Rational Commitment’ or ‘Über Formal ent-scheidbare Sätzenkonjunktionen der Principia Theologica und verwandter Systeme’ -- III. Gambling on Deity and Fraternity -- IV. Gambling on Reference and Sense -- VIII. Rational Action, Aquinas and War -- I. An Introduction to Some Confused Modern Thinking About War -- II. ‘A Just War is One Declared by the Duly Constituted Authority’ -- III. ‘A Just War Uses Means Proportional to the Ends’ -- IV. Farewell to Anti-Martial Muddles?.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2910-0
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  • 86
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    Infinity in the Presocratics : A Bibliographical and Philosophical Study (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401027298
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (255p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Elders, Leo, 1926 - 2019 [Rezension von: Sweeney, L., Infinity in the Presocratics. A bibliographical and philosophical Study] 1973
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Philosophy, Ancient.
    Abstract: One: Secondary Literature on Anaximander -- Ancient Sources -- Recent Studies on Anaximander -- Other Studies? -- Two: Anaximander and Other Ionians -- Anaximander -- Anaximenes, Xenophanes, Heraclitus -- Conclusion -- Three: Pythagoras -- J. E. Raven -- J. A. Philip -- Conclusions -- Four: the Eleatics -- Parmenides -- Zeno -- Melissus -- Five: Post-Parmenidean Philosophers -- Empedocles -- Anaxagoras -- The Atomists -- Six: in Retrospect -- Appendix: Additional Studies on Anaximander -- Index of Topics -- Index of Passages -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: Throughout the long centuries of western metaphysics the problem of the infinite has kept surfacing in different but important ways. It had confronted Greek philosophical speculation from earliest times. It appeared in the definition of the divine attributed to Thales in Diogenes Laertius (I, 36) under the description "that which has neither beginning nor end. " It was presented on the scroll of Anaximander with enough precision to allow doxographers to transmit it in the technical terminology of the unlimited (apeiron) and the indeterminate (aoriston). The respective quanti­ tative and qualitative implications of these terms could hardly avoid causing trouble. The formation of the words, moreover, was clearly negative or privative in bearing. Yet in the philosophical framework the notion in its earliest use meant something highly positive, signifying fruitful content for the first principle of all the things that have positive status in the universe. These tensions could not help but make themselves felt through the course of later Greek thought. In one extreme the notion of the infinite was refined in a way that left it appropriated to the Aristotelian category of quantity. In Aristotle (Phys. III 6-8) it came to appear as essentially re­ quiring imperfection and lack. It meant the capacity for never-ending increase. It was always potential, never completely actualized.
    Description / Table of Contents: One: Secondary Literature on AnaximanderAncient Sources -- Recent Studies on Anaximander -- Other Studies? -- Two: Anaximander and Other Ionians -- Anaximander -- Anaximenes, Xenophanes, Heraclitus -- Conclusion -- Three: Pythagoras -- J. E. Raven -- J. A. Philip -- Conclusions -- Four: the Eleatics -- Parmenides -- Zeno -- Melissus -- Five: Post-Parmenidean Philosophers -- Empedocles -- Anaxagoras -- The Atomists -- Six: in Retrospect -- Appendix: Additional Studies on Anaximander -- Index of Topics -- Index of Passages -- Index of Names.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2729-8
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  • 87
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    Science a Road to Wisdom : Collected Philosophical Studies (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401176446
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I. Science as a Cultural Factor (1948) -- II. Natural Science, Philosophy, and Persuasion (1956) -- III. Metaphysics and Science (1946) -- IV. Scientific Philosophy: Its Aims and Means (1948) -- V. Nieuwentyt’s Significance for the Philosophy of Science (1954) -- VI. Symbolic Logic as a Continuation of Traditional Formal Logic (1939) -- VII. Some Reflections on Causality (1955) -- VIII. Science a Road to Wisdom (1955) -- IX. Modernism in Science (1961) -- X. Mathematics and Modern Art (1962) -- XI. In Retrospect (1960) -- XII. Freedom of Opinion (1964) -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: A few days before his death my husband requested me to write a few words of thanks on the publication of this collection of articles. He had already prepared the greater part of the volume for the press and had also decided on the title Science a Road to Wisdom. His original selection was somewhat more comprehensive, which is still partly reflected in the Preface. Knowing how much he wished to see this collection published, I respectfully and lovingly fulfil his request, thanking Else M. Barth and J. J. A. Mooij for their extensive and expert care in putting the final touches to the volume. ADDITION TO THE TRANSLATION Finally, I wish to thank Peter G. E. Wesly for his willingness to undertake the translation of the book into English. c. P. C. BETH-PASTOOR IX PREFACE In this republication of a number of philosophical studies I have refrained from including articles of a specialized nature on symbolic logic and the methodology of the exact sciences. There was no cause to include my contributions towards the didactics of mathematics and physics, nor did I consider it appropriate to reprint pieces of a predominantly polemical nature. I decided, however, that a very modest selection from my purely historical work would not be out of place.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Science as a Cultural Factor (1948)II. Natural Science, Philosophy, and Persuasion (1956) -- III. Metaphysics and Science (1946) -- IV. Scientific Philosophy: Its Aims and Means (1948) -- V. Nieuwentyt’s Significance for the Philosophy of Science (1954) -- VI. Symbolic Logic as a Continuation of Traditional Formal Logic (1939) -- VII. Some Reflections on Causality (1955) -- VIII. Science a Road to Wisdom (1955) -- IX. Modernism in Science (1961) -- X. Mathematics and Modern Art (1962) -- XI. In Retrospect (1960) -- XII. Freedom of Opinion (1964) -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-7644-6
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  • 88
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    Bertrand Russell’s Philosophy of Language (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401027236
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 100 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Russell and the linguistic philosophy -- I. The quest for logical form -- Reference and meaning -- Two senses of “logical form” -- Logical form, propositional constituents, and reconstructionism -- The “logically perfect” language -- The theory of acquaintance -- Proper names -- The “minimum vocabulary” -- Summary and conclusion -- II. The uses of reconstructionism -- The theory of descriptions -- The analysis of class-symbols -- The logical construction of physical objects -- Conclusion -- III. Critique of Russell’s philosophy of language -- The theory of acquaintance -- The doctrine of logical form -- Philosophical analysis as elucidation of ontological structure -- Selected Bibliography.
    Abstract: RUSSELL AND THE LINGUISTIC PHILOSOPHY It is generally acknowledged that Bertrand Russell played a vital role in the so-called "revolution" that has taken place in twentieth century Anglo-American philosophy, the revolution that has led many philo­ sophers virtually to equate philosophy with some variety - or varieties - of linguistic analysis. His contributions to this revolution were two­ fold: (I) together with G. E. Moore he led the successful revolt against the neo-Hegelianism of Idealists such as Bradley and McTaggert; (2) again with Moore he provided much of the impetus for a somewhat revolutionary way of doing philosophy. (I) and (2) are, of course, close­ ly related, since the new way of philosophizing could be said to consti­ tute, in large part, the revolt against Idealism. Be this as it may, how­ ever, the important fact for present consideration is that Russell was a major influence in turning Anglo-American philosophy in the direction it has subsequently taken - toward what may be termed, quite general­ ly, the "linguistic philosophy. " Unfortunately, though his importance as a precursor of the linguistic philosophy is well-known, the precise sense in which Russell himself can be considered a "philosopher of language" has not, to the present time, been sufficiently clarified. Useful beginnings have been made toward an investigation of this question, but they have been, withal, only begin­ nings, and nothing like an adequate picture of Russell's overall philoso­ phy of language is presently available.
    Description / Table of Contents: Russell and the linguistic philosophyI. The quest for logical form -- Reference and meaning -- Two senses of “logical form” -- Logical form, propositional constituents, and reconstructionism -- The “logically perfect” language -- The theory of acquaintance -- Proper names -- The “minimum vocabulary” -- Summary and conclusion -- II. The uses of reconstructionism -- The theory of descriptions -- The analysis of class-symbols -- The logical construction of physical objects -- Conclusion -- III. Critique of Russell’s philosophy of language -- The theory of acquaintance -- The doctrine of logical form -- Philosophical analysis as elucidation of ontological structure -- Selected Bibliography.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2723-6
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  • 89
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    The Concept of Existence in the Concluding Unscientific Postscript (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401028363
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (244p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy—History. ; Metaphysics.
    Abstract: Analytical Table of Contents -- I. Introduction -- A. The Difficulties -- II. Differences -- A. Introduction -- III. Human Existence -- A. Introduction -- IV. A Glance at Two Contemporary Efforts in Kierkegaardian Scholarship -- V. Forgetting -- A. Introduction -- VI. The Art of Reminding -- A. Introduction -- VII. Conclusion.
    Abstract: The writings of Kierkegaard continue to be a fertile source for con­ temporary philosophical thought. Perhaps the most interesting of his works to a philosopher is the Concluding Unscientific Postscript to the Philosophical Fragments. The Fragments is a brief, algebraic piece in which the author attempts to put forward the central teachings of Christianity in philosophical terminology. The. work is addressed to a reader who has a philosophical bent and who may therefore be tempted to relate to Christianity via such questions as: Can the truth of Christian­ ity be established? The analysis of the Fragments establishes that this way of relating to Christianity is misguided, since Christianity and phil­ osophy are categorically different. Having done this, the author turns his attention in the Postscript to the question of how an individual human being can properly establish a relationship to Christianity. In order to become a Christian, one must first of all exist. "Nothing more than thatP' one may be tempted to think. Yet at the very core of the Postscript is the notion that to exist as an individual human being is difficult. The author goes so far as to claim that men have forgotten what it means to exist.
    Description / Table of Contents: Analytical Table of ContentsI. Introduction -- A. The Difficulties -- II. Differences -- A. Introduction -- III. Human Existence -- A. Introduction -- IV. A Glance at Two Contemporary Efforts in Kierkegaardian Scholarship -- V. Forgetting -- A. Introduction -- VI. The Art of Reminding -- A. Introduction -- VII. Conclusion.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2836-3
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  • 90
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    An Existential Approach to God : A Study of Gabriel Marcel (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401024167
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 118 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Perini, G. [Rezension von: Pax, Cl, An existential Approach to God. A Study of Gabriel Marcel] 1977
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Phenomenology ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: 1. The Nature of Philosophical Reflection -- 2. Myself and the Other -- 3. Fidelity and Truth -- 4. Approach to God -- 5. Appraisal of the Traditional Proofs -- 6. Testimony Versus Demonstration -- 7. The Communication of Hope.
    Abstract: Man's concern about God is both a question and a quest. We seek to know with certainty that God is real; we seek also to draw near to God, to know that He is really for us. My aim in this work is to re-think this two-fold concern and to do so with Gabriel Marcel. Throughout the work I have combined the presentation of Marcel's views with a critical examination of his thought, and in the spirit in which Marcel meets his own predecessors and contemporaries I have held myself free to accept, to amend or to reject what he has written. Thus the focus of the work is only incidentally on the writings of Marcel; the direct focus, as for Marcel, is on man's seeking to know and to draw near to God. The effort to re-think that dimension of our experience which we designate religious cannot begin apart from a critical consideration of what we mean by knowledge and certainty. What will count as an answer to the question of whether God is real and whether He is really for us? If, as the believer maintains, God is the answer to man - an answer wholly unlike every other answer - then the method of searching for this answer must be different from other methods of searching. Furthermore, even for the believer, God remains the hidden God, Deus absconditus, and at best we see through a glass darkly.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. The Nature of Philosophical Reflection2. Myself and the Other -- 3. Fidelity and Truth -- 4. Approach to God -- 5. Appraisal of the Traditional Proofs -- 6. Testimony Versus Demonstration -- 7. The Communication of Hope.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2416-7
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  • 91
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    Aquinas on Metaphysics : A Historico-Doctrinal Study of the Commentary on the Metaphysics (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401028530
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 417 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: One -- I. Literary and Chronologicale Aspects of the Commentary -- II. The Metaphysical Views of Avicenna, Averroes, and Albert -- III. The Prooemium to Aquinas’ Commentary -- Two -- IV. The Object of Metaphysics -- V. The Relation of Metaphysics to the Other Sciences -- VI. The Method of Metaphysics -- Three -- VII. The Basic Insight of Aquina’s Commentary -- Conclusion -- Conclusion -- Index of Topics -- Index of Texts.
    Abstract: Thomas Aquinas' Commentary on the Metaphysics has long been con­ sidered by many as one of the most interesting, most rewarding of all his works. Yet strangely enough, there has been no extensive study of this work, at least none that has ever reached print. It is in the hope of partially filling this gap in medieval research that the present study of the metaphysical system of the Commentary was conceived. However, the discussion of the Commentary's metaphysics must simultaneously be an investigation into the reasons which motivated Aquinas in the composition of his work. Did he wish to expose only the theories of Aristotle, or did he simultaneously intend to present his own metaphysical views? Obviously, we must learn the answer to this before we can proceed to disentangle the metaphysical system, or systems, operative in Aquinas' Commentary. Up to the present day this problem, the nature of Aquinas' exposition has not been answered in a manner acceptable to all. Generally speak­ ing, three theories have been advanced. A first one would see the 1 Commentary as an objective exposition of Aristotle. A second opinion views Aquinas' exposition as an attempt to express his own personal 2 theories on metaphysics. And finally, the third view divides within the Commentary paragraphs containing Aquinas' personal thought ...
    Description / Table of Contents: OneI. Literary and Chronologicale Aspects of the Commentary -- II. The Metaphysical Views of Avicenna, Averroes, and Albert -- III. The Prooemium to Aquinas’ Commentary -- Two -- IV. The Object of Metaphysics -- V. The Relation of Metaphysics to the Other Sciences -- VI. The Method of Metaphysics -- Three -- VII. The Basic Insight of Aquina’s Commentary -- Conclusion -- Conclusion -- Index of Topics -- Index of Texts.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2853-0
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  • 92
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    Introduction to the Basic Concepts and Problems of Modern Logic (1972)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401031202
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Astrobiology.
    Abstract: I / Traditional and Modern Logic -- II/Logic as Ontology -- III/Logic as Linguistic Theory -- IV / Logic as Methodology -- V / Richer Logical Systems -- VI/Antinomies -- VII/Logic And The Critique of Reason -- VIII / Towards The Logic Of Probability.
    Abstract: The field of modern logic is too extensive to be worked through by open­ cast mining. To open it up, we need to sink shafts and construct adits. This is the method of most text books: a systematic exposition of a number of main topics, supplemented by exercises to teach skill in the appurtenant techniques, lays a secure foundation for subsequent dis­ cussion of selected questions. Compared with this, the present treatment is more like a network of exploratory drillings to show that it would be worthwhile to start mining operations, or to work the existing shafts and adits, as the case may be. Within this metaphor we may also describe the inherent weakness of this conception: once a cavity is pierced, the duct's capacity will in general not be sufficient to carry away the discovered riches. But whether we are concerned with a new or an already worked mine - at any rate, the experience should stimulate us into either reviving an existing system of shafts or even, in particularly fortunate cases, designing a new ap­ proach.
    Description / Table of Contents: I / Traditional and Modern LogicII/Logic as Ontology -- III/Logic as Linguistic Theory -- IV / Logic as Methodology -- V / Richer Logical Systems -- VI/Antinomies -- VII/Logic And The Critique of Reason -- VIII / Towards The Logic Of Probability.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-3120-2
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  • 93
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    Logical Writings (1971)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401030724
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (321p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic
    Abstract: Biographical Note on Jacques Herbrand -- The Accident -- On Herbrand’s Thought -- I. On Proof Theory (1928) -- II. The Consistency of the Axioms of Arithmetic (1929) -- III. On Several Properties of True Propositions and their Applications (1929a) -- IV. On the Fundamental Problem of Mathematics (1929b) -- V. Investigations in Proof Theory (1930) -- VI. The Principles of Hilbert’s Logic (1930a) -- VII. On the Fundamental Problem of Mathematical Logic (1931) -- VIII. Unsigned Note on Herbrand’s Thesis, written by Herbrand himself (1931a) -- IX. Note for Jacques Hadamard (1931b) -- X. On the Consistency of Arithmetic (1931c) -- References.
    Abstract: In 1968 Jean van Heijenoort published an edition of Herbrand's collected logic papers (Herbrand 1968). The core of the present volume comprises translations of these papers and of the biographical notes also appearing in that edition. With two exceptions, this is their first appearance in English; the exceptions are Chap. 5 of Herbrand's thesis and Herbrand 1931c, both of which appeared in van Heijenoort 1967, the former trans­ lated by Burton Dreben and van Heijenoort, and the latter by van Heijenoort. These two translations have been reprinted here, thanks to the permission ofthe Harvard University Press, with only minor changes. The remainder of the present translations are my own; I am grateful to van Heijenoort for providing an English draft of 1931, which forms the basis of the translation appearing here. In these translations, the bibliographical references have been stan­ dardized (see p. 299 below) and the notation has been changed so that it is fairly uniform throughout (any differences from Herbrand's original notation are mentioned in footnotes). Herbrand's technical terminology is not always translated literally; the principal instances of this are 'reduite', translated 'expansion' (except in 1930, Chap. 3, § 3, where it is translated 'relativization'), 'champ', translated 'domain', and 'symbole de variable apparente', translated 'quantifier'. In other cases of this sort, the French terms appear in double brackets immediately following the English renderings.
    Description / Table of Contents: Biographical Note on Jacques HerbrandThe Accident -- On Herbrand’s Thought -- I. On Proof Theory (1928) -- II. The Consistency of the Axioms of Arithmetic (1929) -- III. On Several Properties of True Propositions and their Applications (1929a) -- IV. On the Fundamental Problem of Mathematics (1929b) -- V. Investigations in Proof Theory (1930) -- VI. The Principles of Hilbert’s Logic (1930a) -- VII. On the Fundamental Problem of Mathematical Logic (1931) -- VIII. Unsigned Note on Herbrand’s Thesis, written by Herbrand himself (1931a) -- IX. Note for Jacques Hadamard (1931b) -- X. On the Consistency of Arithmetic (1931c) -- References.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-3072-4
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  • 94
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    Britain and the Netherlands : Volume IV: Metropolis, Dominion and Province (1971)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401178679
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Human Geography
    Abstract: 1 London as an ‘Engine of Economic Growth’ -- 2 Scotland and England: Culture and Nationality, 1500–1800 -- 3 The Survival of Country Attitudes in the Eighteenth-Century House of Commons -- 4 Ireland and England -- 5 Greater and Greater London: Notes on Metropolis and Provinces in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries -- 6 Aspects of the Frisian Contribution to the Culture of the Low Countries in the Early Modern Period -- 7 Holland and Six Allies: the Republic of the Seven United Provinces -- 8 The Crisis of the Dutch State 1780–1813: Nationalism, Federalism, Unitarism -- 9 The Party Structure of Holland and the Outer Provinces in the Nineteenth Century -- 10 The Role of the Outer Provinces in the Process of Dutch Economic Growth in the Nineteenth Century.
    Abstract: EXCEPT for chapter 8, an editorial foot-bridge across the con­ fused years which separate the Dutch Republic from the King­ dom of the Netherlands, the essays collected in this volume were originally read and discussed at meetings of Dutch and British historians held between 22 and 27 September 1969 in a number of delightful comers of Groningen and Friesland. That this con­ ference took place at all was due in the first instance to the initiative and organizing genius of the Instituut voor Geschiedenis of the University of Groningen: particular thanks are due to the Rector Magnificus and his colleagues of that illustrious place of learning. On behalf of those fortunate enough to take part, we also wish to place on record our deep gratitude for the benevolent assistance of the Netherlands Ministerie van Onderwijs, of the H. S. Kammingafonds and of the Groninger Universiteitsfonds. As our sub-title strives to hint, the conference papers were commissioned with a view to stimulating historical awareness of a problem which is increasingly forcing itself on the attention of contemporary statesmen, administrators, sociologists and others - indeed of all who value local character and the human scale in the age of mass communications and socialized government.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 London as an ‘Engine of Economic Growth’2 Scotland and England: Culture and Nationality, 1500-1800 -- 3 The Survival of Country Attitudes in the Eighteenth-Century House of Commons -- 4 Ireland and England -- 5 Greater and Greater London: Notes on Metropolis and Provinces in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries -- 6 Aspects of the Frisian Contribution to the Culture of the Low Countries in the Early Modern Period -- 7 Holland and Six Allies: the Republic of the Seven United Provinces -- 8 The Crisis of the Dutch State 1780-1813: Nationalism, Federalism, Unitarism -- 9 The Party Structure of Holland and the Outer Provinces in the Nineteenth Century -- 10 The Role of the Outer Provinces in the Process of Dutch Economic Growth in the Nineteenth Century.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-7867-9
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  • 95
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    The Optional Society : An Essay on Economic Choice and Bargains of Communication in an Affluent World (1971)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401175029
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 107 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences
    Abstract: 1. The Key Word is Choice -- 2. Productivity, Luxury, and Poverty -- Productivity -- Acceleration -- Luxury -- Poverty -- 3. Competition in the Market Place -- Materials -- Gadgets -- Purposes -- News and entertainment -- Competition within firms and bureaucracies -- Options for jobs and careers -- 4. Odds against Equality: the Competition for Money, Freedom and Power -- Reasons for the degree of equality -- The very rich -- The poor in America -- Productivity and incomes -- International sharing -- The foreign accent in international relations -- Communication as income -- Power as income -- 5. The Political Arena: Options at Home and Abroad -- Alternatives of economic organization -- Some “isms” in competition -- The balance of order and freedom -- The power instinct -- Public diplomacy -- Package deals, propaganda, and loss of options -- 6. The Urge to Conform -- Communication and social conformity -- The industrial pressure -- The lock-in systems -- Imitating the rich and the powerful -- The American suburb — at home and abroad -- 7. Addiction, Drop-Outs, and Non-Involvement -- Physical poisons -- Monotony -- Drop-outs -- Flight from communication -- Non-involvement -- 8. A Balance Sheet.
    Abstract: Long before today's electronic media made us aware of articulate "world opinions" across the globe, there were other dramatic international com­ munications. One current of opinion was expressed by the many gener­ ations of different nationalities who "voted with their feet" and settled down in North America. To them and to many others, the hallmark of the United States since the beginning of the republic was the freedom of choice for common people. This image was inspiring enough to build up the free institutions which together with the country's open frontiers broke the hold of mass poverty. So, options brought to the masses are America's trademark in human civilization. Nowadays, when advanced industrialization and electronic media are penetrating the world and opening new frontiers everywhere, the chal­ lenge from the optional society - often called "Americanization" - be­ comes a source of global competition, imitation or opposition and shapes the profile of our time. What is the character of this new optional society so early displayed in the United States but today emerging in many other countries and com­ municated wherever nations confront socio-economic problems of their own? Can analysis of its economics and communications reveal its inter­ national message? More than two decades of research in those fields and our experience as Americans by choice have made us try.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. The Key Word is Choice2. Productivity, Luxury, and Poverty -- Productivity -- Acceleration -- Luxury -- Poverty -- 3. Competition in the Market Place -- Materials -- Gadgets -- Purposes -- News and entertainment -- Competition within firms and bureaucracies -- Options for jobs and careers -- 4. Odds against Equality: the Competition for Money, Freedom and Power -- Reasons for the degree of equality -- The very rich -- The poor in America -- Productivity and incomes -- International sharing -- The foreign accent in international relations -- Communication as income -- Power as income -- 5. The Political Arena: Options at Home and Abroad -- Alternatives of economic organization -- Some “isms” in competition -- The balance of order and freedom -- The power instinct -- Public diplomacy -- Package deals, propaganda, and loss of options -- 6. The Urge to Conform -- Communication and social conformity -- The industrial pressure -- The lock-in systems -- Imitating the rich and the powerful -- The American suburb - at home and abroad -- 7. Addiction, Drop-Outs, and Non-Involvement -- Physical poisons -- Monotony -- Drop-outs -- Flight from communication -- Non-involvement -- 8. A Balance Sheet.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-7502-9
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  • 96
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    Wittgensteins Philosophische Grammatik : Entstehung und Perspektiven der Strategie eines radikalen Aufklärers (1971)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401027663
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy, modern ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Ortsbestimmung der Philosophischen Grammatik -- Die Wittgensteinrezeption in der deutschen Philosophie -- I. Logische Grammatik Von Der Begriffsschrift Zum Tractatus -- 10. Skizze des Zusammenhangs der Lehren Freges, Russells, Wittgensteins -- 11. Logik als Sprache mit einem Prädikat -- Freges Semantik -- Freges Wissenschafts- und Erkenntnistheorie -- Wittgensteins logische Grammatik -- II. PhÄnomenologie als Grammatik -- 22. Phänomen und Logik -- 23. Freges Phänomenologie des Logisch-Einfachen -- 24. Sprache als Kalkül -- III. Philosophische Grammatik als Strategie Der Sprachspiele -- 25. Problem der Darstellung von Wittgensteins späterer Philosophie -- 26. Bedeutung als Gebrauch -- 27. Sprachspiel und mathematisches Operieren -- 28. Über Widersprüche in der bürgerlichen Welt -- 29. Sprachspiele und gesellschaftliches Bewusstsein -- Abschluss -- 30. Aufklärung: Zwischen Marcuse und Lorenzen -- 31. Grammatik und Spekulation.
    Description / Table of Contents: Ortsbestimmung der Philosophischen GrammatikDie Wittgensteinrezeption in der deutschen Philosophie -- I. Logische Grammatik Von Der Begriffsschrift Zum Tractatus -- 10. Skizze des Zusammenhangs der Lehren Freges, Russells, Wittgensteins -- 11. Logik als Sprache mit einem Prädikat -- Freges Semantik -- Freges Wissenschafts- und Erkenntnistheorie -- Wittgensteins logische Grammatik -- II. PhÄnomenologie als Grammatik -- 22. Phänomen und Logik -- 23. Freges Phänomenologie des Logisch-Einfachen -- 24. Sprache als Kalkül -- III. Philosophische Grammatik als Strategie Der Sprachspiele -- 25. Problem der Darstellung von Wittgensteins späterer Philosophie -- 26. Bedeutung als Gebrauch -- 27. Sprachspiel und mathematisches Operieren -- 28. Über Widersprüche in der bürgerlichen Welt -- 29. Sprachspiele und gesellschaftliches Bewusstsein -- Abschluss -- 30. Aufklärung: Zwischen Marcuse und Lorenzen -- 31. Grammatik und Spekulation.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2766-3
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  • 97
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    Philomathes : Studies and Essays in the Humanities in Memory of Philip Merlan (1971)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401029773
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXI, 553 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Elders, L. [Rezension von: Palmer, R. B., Philomathes. Studies and Essays in the Humanities in Memory of Philip Merlan] 1973
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Philosophy, Ancient.
    Abstract: I. Philosophia Antiqua -- Platon und Kratylos: Ein Hinweis -- ?EIA ??MATA -- Philo von Alexandria und der Hellenisierte Timaeus -- Die Stellung Plutarchs Im Platonismus Seiner Zeit -- Ähnlichkeit und Seinsanalogie vom Platonischen Parmenides bis Proklos -- Sur la Composition Ontologique des Substances Sensibles chez Aristote (Métaphysique Z 7–9) -- Explication d’un Texte D’Aristote: De Partibus Animalium I. I.641a14-b10 -- Aristoteles, de Interpretatione 3. 16b19–25 -- On the Character of Aristotle’s Ethics -- Aristotle’s Definition of Soul -- Per L’Interpretazione di Aristotele, De an. 404b18 SGG -- Plato’s First Mover in the Eight Book of Aristotle’s Physics -- Some Features of the Textual History of Marcus Aurelius’ Meditation -- Les Critiques de Plotin Contre L’Entéléchisme D’Aristote: Essai D’Interprétation de L’Enn. 4.7.85 -- On Consolation and on Consolation -- Abamon, Pseudonyme de Jamblique -- Displacement in Hippolytus’ Elenchos -- Philon D’Alexandrie et le Précepte Delphique -- L. Caelius Firmianus Lactantius über die Geschichte des Wahren Gottesglaubens -- Ptolemy’s Vita Aristotelis Rediscovered -- De Novo Pindari Fragmento Arabico -- La Réfutation de la Métensomatose D’Aprés le Théologien KaraÏte Yüsuf Al-Basïr. -- II. Philosophia Moderna -- Dreierlei Philosophiegeschichte -- Socrates in Hamann’s Socratic Memorabilia and Nietzsche’s Birth of Tragedy: a Comparison -- J. G. Hamann and the Princess Gallitzin: An Ecumenical Encounter -- The Lost Portrait of Edmund Husserl by Franz and Ida Brentano -- Epicureanism and Scepticism in the Early 17th Century -- Petra?yckl’s Concept of Adequate Theorem in the Light of Earlier Related Doctrines -- Value and Existence -- Phenomenology, Typification, and the World as Taken for Granted -- Ausgangsprobleme zur Betrachtung der Kausalen Struktur der Welt -- Philosophy as Criticism and Perspective -- Was Heisst Autorität -- III. Litterae -- Ecloga Epicurea -- Menandro E Il Peripato -- Goethes “Hommage À Mozart” — Bemerkungen zu “der Zauberflöte Zweiter Theil” -- Gorgias Bei Goethe -- Antike Motive im Epicedion des Eobanus Hessus auf den tod Dürers -- IV. Historica -- The Medieval Canon Law of Contracts, Renaissance “Spirit of Capitalism,” and the Reformation “Conscience”: A Vote for Max Weber.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Philosophia AntiquaPlaton und Kratylos: Ein Hinweis -- ?EIA ??MATA -- Philo von Alexandria und der Hellenisierte Timaeus -- Die Stellung Plutarchs Im Platonismus Seiner Zeit -- Ähnlichkeit und Seinsanalogie vom Platonischen Parmenides bis Proklos -- Sur la Composition Ontologique des Substances Sensibles chez Aristote (Métaphysique Z 7-9) -- Explication d’un Texte D’Aristote: De Partibus Animalium I. I.641a14-b10 -- Aristoteles, de Interpretatione 3. 16b19-25 -- On the Character of Aristotle’s Ethics -- Aristotle’s Definition of Soul -- Per L’Interpretazione di Aristotele, De an. 404b18 SGG -- Plato’s First Mover in the Eight Book of Aristotle’s Physics -- Some Features of the Textual History of Marcus Aurelius’ Meditation -- Les Critiques de Plotin Contre L’Entéléchisme D’Aristote: Essai D’Interprétation de L’Enn. 4.7.85 -- On Consolation and on Consolation -- Abamon, Pseudonyme de Jamblique -- Displacement in Hippolytus’ Elenchos -- Philon D’Alexandrie et le Précepte Delphique -- L. Caelius Firmianus Lactantius über die Geschichte des Wahren Gottesglaubens -- Ptolemy’s Vita Aristotelis Rediscovered -- De Novo Pindari Fragmento Arabico -- La Réfutation de la Métensomatose D’Aprés le Théologien KaraÏte Yüsuf Al-Basïr. -- II. Philosophia Moderna -- Dreierlei Philosophiegeschichte -- Socrates in Hamann’s Socratic Memorabilia and Nietzsche’s Birth of Tragedy: a Comparison -- J. G. Hamann and the Princess Gallitzin: An Ecumenical Encounter -- The Lost Portrait of Edmund Husserl by Franz and Ida Brentano -- Epicureanism and Scepticism in the Early 17th Century -- Petra?yckl’s Concept of Adequate Theorem in the Light of Earlier Related Doctrines -- Value and Existence -- Phenomenology, Typification, and the World as Taken for Granted -- Ausgangsprobleme zur Betrachtung der Kausalen Struktur der Welt -- Philosophy as Criticism and Perspective -- Was Heisst Autorität -- III. Litterae -- Ecloga Epicurea -- Menandro E Il Peripato -- Goethes “Hommage À Mozart” - Bemerkungen zu “der Zauberflöte Zweiter Theil” -- Gorgias Bei Goethe -- Antike Motive im Epicedion des Eobanus Hessus auf den tod Dürers -- IV. Historica -- The Medieval Canon Law of Contracts, Renaissance “Spirit of Capitalism,” and the Reformation “Conscience”: A Vote for Max Weber.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2977-3
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  • 98
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    The Phenomenological Movement : A Historical Introduction (1971)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401747448
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 765 p) , online resource
    Edition: Second Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Collection Publiée Sous le Patronage des Centres D’Archives-Husserl 6
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 6
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Philosophy.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-4744-8
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  • 99
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    Aesthetics II (1971)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401511162
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 134 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Tulane Studies in Philosophy 20
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Aesthetics ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: Toward A Phenomenological Aesthetic of Cinema -- Is Gracefulness A Supervenient Property? -- Value and Artistic Value in Le Senne’s Philosophy -- Bad Art -- Psychical Distance and Temporality -- C. I. Lewis and the Paradox of the Esthetic -- On the Nature of Ultimate Values in the Fine Arts.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-1116-2
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  • 100
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    Plotinus’ Psychology : His Doctrines of the Embodied Soul (1971)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401029896
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Philosophy, Ancient.
    Abstract: 1. Introduction -- 2. Soul and Body -- 3. The Faculties (i) -- 4. The Faculties (ii) -- 5. The Affections -- 6. Sense-Perception -- 7. Memory and Imagination -- 8. The Discursive Reason -- 9. Ideas of Individuals -- 10. Conclusion -- Indices.
    Abstract: This book is a revised version, with some omissions, of a Cambridge doctoral dissertation submitted in 1963: I fear that it still bears marks of its origins. The dissertation itself was the result of an earlier scheme to identify the sources of Plotinus' psychological doctrines. In the course of this work it soon became evident that it was not sufficient1y clear what these doctrines were. Students of Plotinus have tended to concentrate on the higher regions of his world, and there is still no satisfactory treatment of his doctrines of the embodied soul. It is the purpose of this book to provide a fairly extensive survey of these doctrines. It does not claim to be exhaustive. Nor does it claim to add a large body of new knowledge, since over so wide a field many points have been touched on by others, if only in passing. But I hope that it may remove some misconceptions, and bring the details of Plotinus' theories into sharper focus. It had been my intention to add an introduction - mainly for the benefit of non-specialist readers - on the psychology of Plotinus' predecessors. In the meantime the Cambridge History of Later Greek and Early Medieval Philosophy has appeared, and the reader who wants information on this subject may convenient1y be referred to the relevant parts of the late Professor Merlan's chapters on the predeces­ sors of Plotinus.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction2. Soul and Body -- 3. The Faculties (i) -- 4. The Faculties (ii) -- 5. The Affections -- 6. Sense-Perception -- 7. Memory and Imagination -- 8. The Discursive Reason -- 9. Ideas of Individuals -- 10. Conclusion -- Indices.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-2989-6
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