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  • 2020-2022
  • 2010-2014  (267)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (267)
  • Social Issues/Migration/Health  (163)
  • Agriculture and Food  (107)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Jobs for Immigrants (Vol. 4) : Labour Market Integration in Italy (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264214712
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (166 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Lavoro per gli immigrati; L'integrazione nel mercato del lavoro in Italia
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Jobs for immigrants ; Vol. 4: Labour market integration in Italy
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Migranten ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Soziale Integration ; Italien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Italy ; Bericht ; Italien ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Ausländischer Arbeitnehmer ; Soziale Integration
    Abstract: Until the mid-1990s, the share of migrants in Italy was relatively low in international comparison. With a persistent demand for foreign workers in low-skilled and low-paid jobs, the proximity of conflict areas and the enlargement of the European Union to Romania and Bulgaria in 2007, migration to Italy increased rapidly over the last 15 years. This report presents an overview of the skills and qualifications of immigrants in Italy, their key labour market outcomes in international comparison, and their evolution over time, given the highly segmented Italian labour market and its high share of informal jobs. It analyses the framework for integration and the main integration policy instruments. Special attention is paid to funding issues and to the distribution of competences between national and sub-national actors. Finally, this report reviews the integration at school and the school-to-work transition of the children of immigrants
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264214712-en
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi : Suisse 2014 : Mieux travailler avec l'âge (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264222823
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.)
    Series Statement: Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Ce rapport établit un état des lieux de la mise en œuvre des mesures pour l'emploi des seniors suite au rapport de 2003 "Vieillissement et politiques de l’emploi : Suisse" et identifie les champs prioritaires d’actions à mener ou à poursuivre. La Suisse se situe dans le peloton de tête des pays de l’OCDE pour ce qui concerne le taux d’emploi des personnes âgées. Pourtant, elle est parmi les champions uniquement pour les hommes de moins de 60 ans et pour les diplômés de l’enseignement supérieur tandis qu’il suffit d’avoir 60-64 ans, d’être une femme ou de ne pas avoir de diplôme de l’enseignement supérieur pour ne plus être parmi les meilleurs. Davantage pourrait donc être fait pour donner à tous les travailleurs de meilleurs choix et incitations pour continuer à travailler. Une stratégie d’ensemble est nécessaire pour qu’une meilleure gestion des âges soit menée dans les entreprises, le rôle des autorités publiques étant d’encourager les partenaires sociaux à investir plus dans les travailleurs âgés. Trois axes doivent être privilégiés : i) renforcer les incitations pour travailler plus longtemps ; ii) lever les obstacles au recrutement et au maintien dans l’emploi destravailleurs âgés ; et iii) améliorer l’employabilité des travailleurs.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264222823-fr
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Matching Economic Migration with Labour Market Needs (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264216501
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (384 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gérer les migrations économiques pour mieux répondre aux besoins du marché du travail
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Matching economic migration with labour market needs
    Keywords: Regionale Arbeitsmobilität ; Arbeitsmigranten ; Arbeitsnachfrage ; Matching ; OECD-Staaten ; EU-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Forschungsbericht ; OECD ; Europäische Union ; Ausländischer Arbeitnehmer
    Abstract: This publication gathers the papers presented at the “OECD-EU dialogue on mobility and international migration: matching economic migration with labour market needs” (Brussels, 24-25 February 2014), a conference jointly organised by the European Commission and the OECD. It provides new evidence on the role that international migration has played in Europe and in selected other OECD countries over the past decade in terms of labour force; educational attainment; and occupational changes. It analyses the availability and use of migrants’ skills based on an in-depth literature review as well as new data analyses for Europe and the United States, Canada and the OECD as a whole, taking advantage of the International Survey of Adult Skills – PIAAC. Finally, several chapters discuss the potential role of international migration in meeting current and future labour market needs in Europe, in the United States and in the European Union. This work shows that although migration can make an important contribution to labour force growth, its role in counterbalancing the effects of population ageing will depend on the capacity of countries to match labour needs to migrants’ characteristics.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264216501-en
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Desarrollo sostenible : Integrar la economía, la sociedad y el medio ambiente (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264175617
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Series Statement: Esenciales OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Sustainable Development; Linking Economy, Society, Environment
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le développement durable ; À la croisée de l'économie, de la société et de l'environnement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nachhaltige Entwicklung; Wirtschaft, Gesellschaft, Umwelt im Zusammenhang betrachtet
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
    Abstract: En la actualidad oímos por doquier la expresión “desarrollo sostenible”, pero ¿qué significa realmente? ¿De qué manera la producción y el consumo lo afectan?¿La globalización de la economía la está ayudando u obstaculizando? ¿Se puede medir la sostenibilidad a través de las herramientas tradicionales del análisis económico? ¿Qué pueden hacer los gobiernos, las empresas y las personas para fomentarla? La OCDE genera información, investigación y recomendaciones de políticas sobre muchos temas relacionados con el desarrollo sostenible, incluidos el cambio climático, la cooperación con los países en desarrollo y la responsabilidad social corporativa. Esenciales OCDE: Desarrollo sostenible se basa en esa experiencia. Señala que, para ser sostenible, el desarrollo debe basarse en el avance simultáneo de tres áreas: la economía, la sociedad y el medio ambiente.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264175617-es
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Le coût de la pollution de l'air : Impacts sanitaires du transport routier (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264220522
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Cost of Air Pollution; Health Impacts of Road Transport
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Taxation ; Transport
    Abstract: La pollution de l’air extérieur tue plus de trois millions de personnes dans le monde chaque année, et elle est à l’origine de problèmes de santé, allant de l’asthme aux maladies cardiovasculaires chez un plus grand nombre de personnes encore. Pour les pays de l’OCDE ainsi que pour la Chine et l’Inde, le coût de ces impacts est estimé à 3 500 milliards USD par an en termes de mortalité et de morbidité, et la tendance est à la hausse. En se basant sur les nouvelles données épidémiologiques depuis l’étude de l’OMS sur la charge mondiale de morbidité en 2010, ainsi que sur les estimations de l’OCDE sur la valeur d’une vie statistique, ce rapport démontre que les impacts sanitaires de la pollution de l’air sont approximativement quatre fois plus élevés, et leurs coûts économiques considérablement plus importants, que les évaluations précédentes.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264220522-fr
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Making Economic Growth more Socially Inclusive in Germany (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (38 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1175
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Germany
    Abstract: While past labour market reforms have been successful in terms of employment, the relative poverty risk and income inequality have remained broadly unchanged in recent years. Some social groups remain particularly vulnerable, including individuals in non-regular employment, the unemployed and the low skilled. If in employment, their jobs tend to be unstable and wages and income mobility low. Continued efforts are needed to foster economic growth in a more inclusive manner, such that the most vulnerable groups benefit from and contribute to economic growth more strongly and such that the gaps between the rich and the poor in terms of income and wellbeing are reduced. These efforts should include enhancing the labour market outcomes of the most vulnerable and increase upward income mobility among disadvantaged individuals; strengthening skills at the lower end of the skills distribution; revising the tax and benefit system to improve incentives and to ensure efficient and well-targeted redistribution; and to make health and old-age pension insurance more inclusive. This working paper relates to the 2014 OECD Economic Survey of Germany (http://www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/economic-survey-germany.htm).
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxrmdjk28kg-en
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Reviews of Health Care Quality: Turkey 2014 : Raising Standards (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264202054
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Care Quality
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of health care quality
    Keywords: Gesundheitsversorgung ; Türkei ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Turkey ; Türkei ; Gesundheitswesen
    Abstract: Turkey underwent a very ambitious reform programme in 2003, the so-called "Health Transformation Programme". Access to healthcare in Turkey has greatly increased with the attainment of Universal Health Coverage, as also demonstrated by improvement in health outcomes, most notably around maternal and child health and infectious diseases. However, despite these significant achievements, Turkey has a significant way to travel to deliver high-quality health services to its population. Governance of the health system is highly centralised and typified by directive control from the Ministry of Health, and information collected in different part of the system is not always fully exploited. The OECD Review of Health Care Quality in Turkey recommends a number of changes to address these shortcomings. The key recommendations are that: i) Turkey needs to develop robust systems to standardise and monitor the quality of care, encourage continuous professional development and incorporate patient views; ii) some loosening of the governance structure would be welcome, to allow regions greater flexibility to assess and respond to local health needs and to continue to provide health workers with incentives for improve quality; iii) data on health sector activity and outcomes need to be made more available and more usable for individual patients and clinicians, while greater effort is needed to increase the robustness of Turkey’s information systems at national level and harmonise performance measures to OECD and other international comparators.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264202054-en
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Making Mental Health Count : The Social and Economic Costs of Neglecting Mental Health Care (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264208445
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (244 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Hewlett, Emily Making mental health count
    Keywords: Psychische Krankheit ; Medizinische Behandlung ; Soziale Kosten ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Forschungsbericht ; OECD ; Psychische Störung ; Untersuchung ; Soziale Kosten
    Abstract: Despite the enormous burden that mental ill-health imposes on individuals, their families, society, health systems and the economy, mental health care remains a neglected area of health policy in too many countries. Mental disorders represent a considerable disease burden, and have a significant impact on the lives of the OECD population, and account for considerable direct and indirect costs. This report argues that even in those OECD countries with a long history of deinstitutionalisation, there is still a long way to go to make community-based mental health care that achieves good outcomes for people with severe mental illness a reality. The disproportionate focus on severe mental illness has meant that mild-to-moderate mental illnesses, which makes up the largest burden of disease, have remained overwhelmingly neglected. This book addresses the high cost of mental illness, weaknesses and innovative developments in the organisation of care, changes and future directions for the mental health workforce, the need to develop better indicators for mental health care and quality, and tools for better governance of the mental health system. The high burden of mental ill health and the accompanying costs in terms of reduced quality of life, loss of productivity, and premature mortality, mean that making mental health count for all OECD countries is a priority.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264208445-en
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  • 9
    Online Resource
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    OECD Reviews of Health Care Quality: Norway 2014 : Raising Standards (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264208469
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Care Quality
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of health care quality
    Keywords: Gesundheitsversorgung ; Norwegen ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Norway ; Norwegen ; Medizinische Versorgung
    Abstract: This book presents a comprehensive review of health care quality in Norway. It finds that Norway has an impressive and comprehensive health system, which is the result of sustained commitment to providing health care for the whole Norwegian population, investment in the health system, and readiness to make changes to drive improvements. On most indicators Norway’s health system appears to be performing well, although there is some room for improvement. There have been a number of significant health care reforms in Norway over the last decade, most recently the Coordination Reform, which took effect in January 2012. Broadly this is a positive story, but challenges do lie ahead for Norway. Norway is putting in place measures to respond to these challenges, notably with the 2012 Coordination Reform, but still has some way to go before the fruits of such labour are truly felt across the health system. Norway’s ambitious reform agenda must now be balanced by structured efforts ‘on the ground’. Attention should now turn to putting in place appropriate data infrastructures, promoting meaningful engagement between key stakeholders, and by balancing a generous health budget that allows for important investments in developing new structures and services with attention to getting the most out of existing services.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264208469-en
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  • 10
    Online Resource
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    Compendium des indicateurs agro-environnementaux de l'OCDE (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264181243
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (205 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Compendium of Agri-environmental Indicators
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment
    Abstract: Ce livre fournit l’ensemble des indicateurs agro-environnementaux les plus récents et les plus complets concernant les 34 pays membres de l’OCDE sur la période 1990-2010. Il s’appuie sur les travaux conduits pendant vingt ans par l’OCDE dans ce domaine. Ces indicateurs ont pour objet de décrire l’état actuel de l’environnement dans l’agriculture et sa tendance ; de mettre en évidence les lieux où des situations critiques sont en train d’apparaître ; de comparer l’évolution des performances entre périodes et entre pays ; et de fournir un ensemble d’indicateurs et une base de données pour suivre et évaluer l’action publique, projeter les tendances futures et concevoir des indicateurs de croissance verte.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264181243-fr
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Are Recipients of Social Assistance 'Benefit Dependent'? : Concepts, Measurement and Results for Selected Countries (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (94 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.162
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Means-tested Social Assistance (SA) benefits play an important role as social protection floors sup-porting households in financial difficulties. This paper presents evidence on the patterns of SA benefit re-ceipt in a selection of OECD and EU countries. It provides an overview of the role of SA benefits in social protection systems and assesses the generosity of benefit payments. It then studies the dynamics of SA benefit receipt based on micro-level data describing trends in aggregate receipt and transition rates and presenting new evidence on spell durations and repeat spells. The final part of the paper summarizes recent empirical evidence on state dependence (or ‘scarring effects’) in benefit receipt and discusses its possible sources and policy implications.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxrcmgpc6mn-en
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Green Growth Indicators for Agriculture : A Preliminary Assessment (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264223202
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Green Growth Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Indicateurs de croissance verte pour l'agriculture ; Évaluation préliminaire
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Green growth indicators for agriculture
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Landwirtschaft ; Landwirtschaftliche Entwicklung ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Landwirtschaft ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: An integral component of any green growth strategy is a highly-reliable set of measurement tools and indicators that would enable policy makers to evaluate how effective policies are, and to gauge the progress being achieved in shifting economic activity onto a greener path. These tools and indicators, which will need to be based on internationally comparable data, must also be embedded in a conceptual framework and selected according to a clearly-specified set of criteria. This report is a first step towards developing a framework to monitor progress on green growth in the agricultural sector in OECD countries. The goal is to identify relevant, succinct and measurable statistics to implement the OECD Green Growth Strategy Measurement Framework which provides a common basis for further developing green growth indicators in the agricultural sector in OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264223202-en
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  • 13
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    The 2012 Labour Market Reform in Spain : A Preliminary Assessment (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264213586
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (76 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The 2012 labour market reform in Spain
    Keywords: 2012 ; Arbeitsmarktreform ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Spanien ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Spain
    Abstract: This report provides an initial evaluation of the comprehensive reform of the Spanish labour market undertaken in 2012. It describes the key components of the 2012 reform and places them in the context of the evolution of labour market institutions in other OECD member countries, with a particular focus on collective bargaining and employment protection legislation. The report also assesses the impact of the reform on the ability of firms to adjust wages and working time to cope with demand shocks, as well as the flows in the labour market for different types of contracts and the overall duality of the Spanish labour market. It also considers what complementary reforms would be required to improve the effectiveness of the labour market reform, in particular in the area of active labour market policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264213586-en
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  • 14
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    The Cost of Air Pollution : Health Impacts of Road Transport (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264210448 , 9789264218338
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (80 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le coût de la pollution de l'air ; Impacts sanitaires du transport routier
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The cost of air pollution
    Keywords: Luftverschmutzung ; Straßenverkehr ; Nachhaltige Mobilität ; Krankheit ; Soziale Kosten ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Taxation ; Transport ; OECD ; Luftverschmutzung ; Straßenverkehr ; Kosten
    Abstract: Outdoor air pollution kills more than 3 million people across the world every year, and causes health problems from asthma to heart disease for many more. This is costing societies very large amounts in terms of the value of lives lost and ill health. Based on extensive new epidemiological evidence since the 2010 Global Burden of Disease study, and OECD estimates of the Value of Statistical Life, this report provides evidence on the health impacts from air pollution and the related economic costs.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264210448-en
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  • 15
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    Santé mentale et emploi : Suisse (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264205192
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.)
    Series Statement: Santé mentale et emploi
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mental Health and Work; Switzerland
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Psychische Gesundheit und Beschäftigung; Schweiz
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Dans les pays de l’OCDE, la gestion des problèmes de santé mentale dans la population d’âge actif devient un enjeu essentiel pour les politiques sociales et du marché du travail. Les gouvernements de ces pays sont de plus en plus nombreux à reconnaître que les pouvoirs publics ont un rôle important à jouer pour maintenir au travail les personnes souffrant de troubles mentaux ou pour faciliter la réintégration de celles qui sont sorties du marché de l’emploi, ainsi que pour prévenir l’apparition de ce type de troubles. Ce rapport relatif à la Suisse est le cinquième d’une série de travaux analysant l’approche adoptée par différents pays de l’OCDE face aux défis plus larges, décrits dans la publication Mal-être au travail ? Mythes et réalités sur la santé mentale et l’emploi (OCDE, 2012), auxquels sont confrontés les pouvoirs publics en matière d’éducation, de santé, de politique sociale et d’emploi.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264205192-fr
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  • 16
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    Recruiting Immigrant Workers: Norway 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264226135
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Recruiting Immigrant Workers
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Recruiting immigrant workers
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Norwegen ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Norway ; Norwegen ; Ausländischer Arbeitnehmer ; Migration
    Abstract: Norway is characterised by very high levels of migration from within the European Economic Area (EEA) and growing but small scale labour migration from countries outside the EEA. In this context, the challenge for managing discretionary labour migration is to ensure it complements EEA flows. High-skilled workers who come to Norway often leave, even if their employer would like to keep them. Norway has many international students, but most appear to leave at graduation or in the years that follow. The spouses of skilled migrants – usually educated and talented themselves – face challenges in finding employment, and this may cause the whole family to leave. Key industries in smaller population centres wonder how they will source talent in the future. This review examines these aspects of the Norwegian labour migration system. It considers the efficiency of procedures and whether the system is capable of meeting demand. It looks at several policy measures that were implemented and withdrawn, and assesses how these and other mechanisms could be better applied. The characteristics and behaviour of past labour migrants is examined to suggest means of encouraging promising immigrants to remain, and how Norway might attract the specific labour migrants from which it can most benefit in the future.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264226135-en
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  • 17
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    How Was Life? : Global Well-being since 1820 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264214262
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. How was life?
    RVK:
    MS 1170
    RVK:
    MS 4050
    RVK:
    MS 4000
    RVK:
    MS 2600
    Keywords: 1820-2010 ; Lebensqualität ; Soziale Lage ; Sozialgeschichte ; Geschichte ; Welt ; Sozioökonomischer Wandel ; Geschichte ; Daten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Erde
    Abstract: How was life in 1820, and how has it improved since then? What are the long-term trends in global well-being? Views on social progress since the Industrial Revolution are largely based on historical national accounting in the tradition of Kuznets and Maddison. But trends in real GDP per capita may not fully re­flect changes in other dimensions of well-being such as life expectancy, education, personal security or gender inequality. Looking at these indicators usually reveals a more equal world than the picture given by incomes alone, but has this always been the case? The new report How Was Life? aims to fill this gap. It presents the first systematic evidence on long-term trends in global well-being since 1820 for 25 major countries and 8 regions in the world covering more than 80% of the world’s population. It not only shows the data but also discusses the underlying sources and their limitations, pays attention to country averages and inequality, and pinpoints avenues for further research. The How Was Life? report is the product of collaboration between the OECD, the OECD Development Centre and the CLIO-INFRA project. It represents the culmination of work by a group of economic historians to systematically chart long-term changes in the dimensions of global well-being and inequality, making use of the most recent research carried out within the discipline. The historical evidence reviewed in the report is organised around 10 different dimensions of well-being that mirror those used by the OECD in its well-being report How’s Life?, and draw on the best sources and expertise currently available for historical perspectives in this field. These dimensions are:per capita GDP, real wages, educational attainment, life expectancy, height, personal security, political institutions, environmental quality, income inequality and gender inequality.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264214262-en
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  • 18
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    OECD Reviews of Pension Systems: Ireland (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264208834
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Pension Systems
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of pensions systems
    Keywords: Gesetzliche Rentenversicherung ; Rentenreform ; Altersvorsorge ; Irland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Ireland
    Abstract: This report provides an international perspective on Ireland’s retirement income provision for a focused review on the viability and long-term impact of proposed changes in pension policy, taking into account the impact of the economic downturn. It covers all components of the pension system: state, private personal and occupational plans and schemes for public-sector employees.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264208834-en
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  • 19
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    Mental Health and Work: Netherlands (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264223301
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Mental health and work
    Keywords: Psychische Krankheit ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Niederlande ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Netherlands ; Niederlande ; Berufstätigkeit ; Psychische Störung
    Abstract: Tackling mental ill-health of the working-age population is becoming a key issue for labour market and social policies in OECD countries. OECD governments increasingly recognise that policy has a major role to play in keeping people with mental ill-health in employment or bringing those outside of the labour market back to it, and in preventing mental illness. This report on the Netherlands is the seventh in a series of reports looking at how the broader education, health, social and labour market policy challenges identified in Sick on the Job? Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (OECD, 2012) are being tackled in a number of OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264223301-en
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  • 20
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    Gérer les migrations économiques pour mieux répondre aux besoins du marché du travail (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264217027
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (424 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Matching Economic Migration with Labour Market Needs
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Cette publication présente de nouvelles illustrations de l’influence des migrations internationales en Europe et dans quelques autres pays de l’OCDE sur la population active ; sur les niveaux d’éducation ; et sur l’évolution de la distribution des professions au cours de la dernière décennie. Elle analyse les compétences dont disposent les migrants et la façon dont elles sont utilisées sur la base d’une revue approfondie de la littérature ; et présente de nouvelles analyses des données européennes et américaines , canadiennes et de l’OCDE en général en se basant sur les données de l’Évaluation des compétences des adultes – PIAAC. Enfin, plusieurs chapitres discutent du rôle que les migrations internationales pourraient jouer pour répondre aux besoins de main-d’oeuvre présents et futurs en Europe, aux États-Unis et dans l’Union européenne. Ces travaux montrent que si les migrations peuvent contribuer de façon importante à l’accroissement de la population active, leur capacité à contrer les effets du vieillissement de la population dépendront de la capacité des pays à mettre en adéquation les besoins en main-d’oeuvre avec les caractéristiques des migrants. Dans ce domaine, des efforts doivent être réalisés pour mieux utiliser les compétences des migrants et adapter les systèmes de gestion des migrations de travail aux besoins des employeurs.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264217027-fr
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  • 21
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    Migración internacional : El lado humano de la globalización (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264205086
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Esenciales OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. International Migration; The Human Face of Globalisation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les migrations internationales ; Le visage humain de la mondialisation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Internationale Migration; Die menschliche Seite der Globalisierung
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Cerca de 190 millones de personas en el mundo viven fuera de su país natal. Estos migrantes aportan energía, espíritu empresarial e ideas frescas a nuestras sociedades. Pero el asunto tiene desventajas: jóvenes migrantes que fracasan en el ámbito educativo, adultos que no encuentran empleo y, por supuesto, la migración irregular. Estos retos pueden hacer que la migración se convierta en un pararrayos político y en tema de un acalorado debate. A partir de los conocimientos especializados de la OCDE, singulares en este terreno, en la presente obra se avanza más allá de la retórica para analizar las realidades de la migración internacional en nuestros días: ¿de dónde provienen y a dónde van los migrantes?, ¿cómo gestionan la migración los gobiernos?, ¿cuán bueno es el desempeño de los migrantes en la educación y en la fuerza de trabajo? y ¿ayuda —u obstaculiza— la migración a los países en desarrollo?
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264205086-es
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  • 22
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    Climate Change, Water and Agriculture : Towards Resilient Systems (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264209138
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Water
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Changement climatique, eau et agriculture ; Vers des systèmes résilients
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Climate change, water and agriculture
    DDC: 363.7387
    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Wasserversorgung ; Agrarproduktion ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: This report reviews the main linkages between climate change, water and agriculture as a means to identifying and discussing adaptation strategies for better use and conservation of water resources. It aims to provide guidance to decision makers on choosing an appropriate mix of policies and market approaches to address the interaction between agriculture and water systems under climate change.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264209138-en
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  • 23
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    Estudio sobre la contratación pública del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social : Aumentar la eficiencia e integridad para una mejor asistencia médica (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264200364
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (258 p.)
    Series Statement: Estudios de la OCDE sobre Gobernanza Pública
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Public Procurement Review of the Mexican Institute of Social Security; Enhancing Efficiency and Integrity for Better Health Care
    Keywords: Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Mexico
    Abstract: A partir de los Principios de la OCDE para fortalecer la integridad en la contratación pública (2008) y las buenas prácticas de organizaciones similares en otros países de la OCDE, el estudio aporta una evaluación integral de las estrategias, los sistemas y los processos de adquisición del IMSS, y se propone una hoja de ruta para la reforma de su función de adquisiciones.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264200364-es
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  • 24
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    Lavoro per gli immigrati : L'integrazione nel mercato del lavoro in Italia (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264216570
    Language: Italian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (153 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Jobs for Immigrants (Vol. 4); Labour Market Integration in Italy
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Italy
    Abstract: Fino alla metà degli anni Novanta, la percentuale degli immigrati in Italia era relativamente bassa nel confronto internazionale. L’immigrazione verso l’Italia è cresciuta rapidamente durante gli ultimi quindici anni. Tale crescita è riconducibile a una persistente domanda di lavoratori stranieri per posti di lavoro poco qualificati e poco remunerati, alla vicinanza delle zone di conflitto e all’allargamento dell’Unione europea alla Romania e la Bulgaria, avvenuto nel 2007. Questo rapporto presenta una visione d’insieme delle competenze e delle qualifiche degli immigrati in Italia, dei loro principali risultati nel mercato del lavoro paragonati a quelli degli altri Paesi a livello internazionale e della loro evoluzione nel tempo, tenendo conto della forte segmentazione del mercato del lavoro italiano e dell’alta percentuale di posti di lavoro informali. Il rapporto analizza la struttura di riferimento e i principali strumenti d’intervento per l’integrazione. Dedica una particolare attenzione al finanziamento e alla distribuzione delle competenze tra responsabili a livello nazionale e subnazionale. Infine, esamina l’integrazione scolastica e la transizione scuola-lavoro dei figli degli immigrati
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264216570-it
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  • 25
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    Investing in Youth: Brazil (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264208988
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Series Statement: Investing in Youth
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Investing in youth
    Keywords: Jugendpolitik ; Bildungsinvestition ; Bildungspolitik ; Junge Arbeitskräfte ; Brasilien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Brazil
    Abstract: This report provides a detailed diagnosis of the youth labour market and education system in Brazil. It takes an international comparative perspective, offering policy options to help improve school-to-work transitions. It also provides an opportunity for other countries to learn from the innovative measures that Brazil has taken to strengthen the skills of youth and their employment outcomes.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264208988-en
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  • 26
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    Ageing and Employment Policies: France 2014 : Working Better with Age (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264207523
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.)
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi ; France 2014 ; Mieux travailler avec l'âge
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ageing and employment policies
    Keywords: Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Frankreich ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; France ; Frankreich ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer ; Beschäftigungspolitik
    Abstract: People today are living longer than ever before, while birth rates are dropping in the majority of OECD countries. In such demographics, public social expenditures require to be adequate and sustainable in the long term. Older workers play a crucial role in the labour market. Now that legal retirement ages are rising, older workers will work longer and employers will have to retain them. But those older workers who have lost their job have experienced long term-unemployment and low probabilities to return to work. What can countries do to help? How can they give older people better work incentives and opportunities? How can they promote age diversity in firms? This report offers analysis and assessment on what the best policies are for fostering employability, job mobility and labour demand at an older age in France.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264207523-en
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  • 27
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    Manuel de l'OCDE à l'intention des gestionnaires des pêches : Principes et pratiques d'élaboration des actions à mener (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264210455
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (112 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The OECD Handbook for Fisheries Managers; Principles and Practice for Policy Design
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: Ce manuel s’appuie sur les travaux que l’OCDE conduit depuis dix ans pour mettre en évidence les problèmes auxquels la pêche est confrontée, ainsi que des solutions concrètes. Il montre qu’il est possible d’accroître les profits des pêcheurs et la durabilité des ressources océaniques que nous avons en partage en faisant confiance aux mécanismes du marché, en définissant des objectifs clairs et en recourant à des processus rigoureux pour élaborer les politiques. Il sera utile aux spécialistes de l’action publique, aux organisations de la société civile et à tous ceux qui s’intéressent à la pêche et à la santé de nos océans.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264210455-fr
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  • 28
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    Recruiting Immigrant Workers: New Zealand 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264215658
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Series Statement: Recruiting Immigrant Workers
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Recruiting immigrant workers
    DDC: 325
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Neuseeland ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; New Zealand
    Abstract: New Zealand is among the OECD countries that have been settled by migration. Currently more than a quarter of the New Zealand workforce is foreign-born. Despite being a settlement country, most labour migration is temporary and permanent migration mainly draws from the pool of temporary labour migrants. Current temporary labour migration is equivalent to 3.6% of the workforce, by far the largest figure in the OECD. An elaborate system of labour-market tests and exemptions aims to limit negative impact on the domestic workforce while at the same time responding to employer needs. A large part of temporary flows is into low-skilled jobs with little steering possibilities, and some vigilance is needed. For permanent migration, which is also among the highest in per capita terms among OECD countries, New Zealand operates with target numbers. The country faces difficulties in meeting thes targets, whose value-added in a largely demand-driven system - favoring immigrants with a job offer - is questionable.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264215658-en
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  • 29
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    Melons : = Melons (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264213289
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (70 p.)
    Series Statement: International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: This brochure is published within the framework of the Scheme for the Application of International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables established by OECD in 1962. It comprises explanatory notes and illustrations to facilitate the uniform interpretation of the current melons standard. This new brochure illustrates the standard text and demonstrates the quality parameters on high quality photographs. Thus, it is a valuable tool for the inspection authorities, professional bodies and traders interested in international trade in melons. The electronic version of this brochure is available on the OECD website.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264213289-en-fr
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  • 30
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    Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi : France 2014 : Mieux travailler avec l'âge (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264206847
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Series Statement: Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ageing and Employment Policies; France 2014; Working Better with Age
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; France
    Abstract: L’espérance de vie n’a jamais été aussi élevée qu’aujourd’hui tandis que la fécondité est en diminution dans la majorité des pays de l’OCDE. Pour faire face à ces tendances démographiques, il faut adapter les dépenses publiques de protection sociale et assurer leur viabilité à long terme, en particulier en favorisant l’emploi des seniors. Avec le recul de l’âge légal de la retraite, les seniors vont travailler plus longtemps et les entreprises devront les garder en emploi. Mais parmi les seniors, ceux qui perdent leur emploi risquent de rester longtemps au chômage car leurs chances d’en retrouver un sont faibles. Comment les pays peuvent-ils réagir face à cette réalité ? Comment donner aux seniors de meilleurs choix et incitations au travail ? Comment promouvoir la diversité des âges dans les entreprises ? Cette série de rapports s’attache à analyser et évaluer quelles sont les meilleures politiques à mener pour favoriser l'employabilité, la mobilité professionnelle et la demande de travail à un âge plus élevé.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264206847-fr
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  • 31
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    Geographic Variations in Health Care : What Do We Know and What Can Be Done to Improve Health System Performance? (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264216594
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (416 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Geographic variations in health care
    RVK:
    XC 5300
    Keywords: Gesundheitsversorgung ; Räumliche Verteilung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Primäre Gesundheitsversorgung ; Räumliche Verteilung
    Abstract: Variations in health care use within a country are complicated. In some cases they may reflect differences in health needs, in patient preferences or in the diffusion of a therapeutic innovation; in others they may not. There is evidence that some of the observed variations are unwarranted, signalling under- or over-provision of health services, or both. This study documents geographic variations for high-cost and high-volume procedures in select OECD countries. It finds that there are wide variations not only across countries, but within them as well. A mix of patient preferences and physician practice styles likely play an important part in this, but what part of the observed variations reflects over-provision, or whether there are unmet needs, remain largely unexplained. This report helps policy makers better understand the issues and challenges around geographic variations in health care provision and considers the policy options.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264216594-en
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  • 32
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    Restructurer les marchés canadiens du logement : Financements, accessibilité financière et étalement urbain (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (52 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1145
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Deconstructing Canada's Housing Markets: Finance, Affordability and Urban Sprawl
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Economics ; Canada
    Abstract: Les prix des logements ont sensiblement augmenté au Canada au cours des dix dernières années, portant la dette des ménages et la construction de logements à des points hauts historiques. Bien que le durcissement de la politique macroprudentielle ait ralenti la croissance des emprunts des ménages ces dernières années, l’évolution à la hausse des prix de l’immobilier d’habitation s’est poursuivie, et l’accessibilité financière du logement demeure un problème majeur dans les centres urbains. Les primo-accédants doivent par conséquent consacrer une part plus importante de leurs revenus à l’achat de leur logement et sont exposés à de futures hausses des taux d’intérêt. La construction excessive de logements en copropriété dans quelques grandes villes semble constituer un facteur de risque, en particulier s’il y avait une correction majeure des prix sur ce segment qui se répercuterait sur d’autres compartiments du marché. Le pays bénéficie d’un système de financement du logement efficace et sain, qui a bien fonctionné tout au long de la crise financière mondiale grâce à un cadre solide de surveillance financière et à la garantie explicite de l’État dont bénéficie le marché hypothécaire. Néanmoins, la position dominante occupée par la Société canadienne d’hypothèques et de logement (SCHL), une société d’État, sur le marché de l’assurance prêt hypothécaire se traduit par la concentration d’un volume de risques important au niveau des finances publiques. Une amélioration des conditions de concurrence sur le marché de l’assurance prêt hypothécaire pourrait contribuer à une diversification de ces risques et à une réduction des éléments de passif éventuel assumés par les contribuables, tandis qu’une limitation de la couverture des pertes sur prêts permettrait d’obtenir un meilleur équilibre entre les intérêts individuels et collectifs. Il est possible que plusieurs villes pâtissent d’une pénurie de logements locatifs, en particulier dans la gamme des biens immobiliers accessibles pour les ménages à faibles revenus. Les politiques d’urbanisme se sont traduites par des zones d’habitation peu denses qui contribuent au niveau relativement élevé des émissions de carbone liées aux transports. Pour remédier à ces externalités, il faut renforcer les signaux-prix en matière d’aménagement foncier, d’utilisation des routes, de congestion et de stationnement, tout en intégrant mieux la planification des transports en commun. Pour empêcher que les ménages à faibles revenus ne soient marginalisés, il faudrait que les politiques d’aménagement favorisent la mixité sociale et incitent davantage le secteur privé à construire des logements abordables. Ce Document de travail se rapporte à l’Étude économique de l’OCDE du Canada 2014 (www.oecd.org/eco/etudes/Canada).
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz0zbcdpq37-fr
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    Workshop on integrating omics and policy for healthy ageing : synthesis report (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 21 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 12
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The increase in the human life span is a testament to the economic, social and medical progress made over the course of the last century. However, an ageing population brings some new challenges both to healthcare systems and to medicine in terms of the increased manifestation of specific diseases primarily seen in the elderly. Biomedical innovation, and in particular research into “omics technologies”, offers the promise of new means of detection, prevention and treatment of age-related disabilities and diseases. But the development of these new technologies will not be without challenges, in particular with respect to the difficulty of translating technological advances into innovation in the clinical setting. This report provides a synthesis of a March 2013 workshop organised by the OECD and the Human Genome Organisation (HGO) which focused on latest advances in omics technologies for healthy ageing and the policies and practices needed to facilitate their responsible development and integration in medical research, innovation and health policy.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jzb0z52dc5c-en
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  • 34
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    Modelling Adaptation to Climate Change in Agriculture (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (58 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers no.70
    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Agrarproduktion ; Anpassung ; Bewässerung ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper investigates how climate change can affect agricultural production and proposes some adaptation measures that could be undertaken to mitigate the negative effects of climate change while enhancing the positive ones. The paper stresses the importance of planned adaptation measures and highlights possible strategies for reducing risk and improving resilience. To quantify the possible effects of climate change and the effects of adaptation measures this study uses the International Model for Policy Analysis of Agricultural Commodities and Trade (IMPACT). The analysis first explores the potential effects of climate change on yields and prices. It then goes on to analyse the potential impacts of two distinctive sets of adaptation strategies on yields, prices, and food security, namely: i) research and development (to develop new crop varieties that are better suited to changed climate conditions) and ii) changes in irrigation technology. Last, the analysis in this paper estimates the public and private investment needs in research and development (R&D) for developing new crop varieties, and further develops estimates of the cost of improving irrigation technologies in OECD countries.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5jxrclljnbxq-en
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  • 35
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    Food Waste Along the Food Chain (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (29 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers no.71
    Keywords: Lebensmittel ; Lieferkette ; Abfallvermeidung ; Kommunale Abfallwirtschaft ; Öffentlichkeitsarbeit ; Datenerhebung ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Reducing food losses and food waste is attracting growing public attention at the international, regional, and national levels, and is widely acknowledged to contribute to abating interlinked sustainability challenges such as food security, climate change, and water shortage. However, the pattern and scale of food waste throughout the supply chain remains poorly understood, despite growing media coverage and public concerns in recent years. This paper takes stock of available data on food waste and explores policies related to food waste in OECD countries.
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    DOI: 10.1787/5jxrcmftzj36-en
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  • 36
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    Recruiting Immigrant Workers: Austria 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264226050
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Series Statement: Recruiting Immigrant Workers
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Recruiting immigrant workers
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Österreich ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Austria ; Österreich ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Migration
    Abstract: Austria has low levels of labour migration from non-EU/EFTA countries. At the same time, intra-EU free mobility has grown significantly and since 2011, overall migration for employment is above the OECD average. It recently reformed its labour migration system, making it more ready to accept labour migrants where they are needed, especially in medium-skilled occupations in which there were limited admission possibilities previously. This publication analyses the reform and the Austrian labour migration management system in international comparison.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264226050-en
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  • 37
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    Trends in Income Inequality and its Impact on Economic Growth (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (65 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.163
    Keywords: Einkommensverteilung ; Soziale Ungleichheit ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: In most OECD countries, the gap between rich and poor is at its highest level since 30 years. Today, the richest 10 per cent of the population in the OECD area earn 9.5 times the income of the poorest 10 per cent; in the 1980s this ratio stood at 7:1 and has been rising continuously ever since. However, the rise in overall income inequality is not (only) about surging top income shares: often, incomes at the bottom grew much slower during the prosperous years and fell during downturns, putting relative (and in some countries, absolute) income poverty on the radar of policy concerns. This paper explores whether such developments may have an impact on economic performance. Drawing on harmonised data covering the OECD countries over the past 30 years, the econometric analysis suggests that income inequality has a negative and statistically significant impact on subsequent growth. In particular, what matters most is the gap between low income households and the rest of the population. In contrast, no evidence is found that those with high incomes pulling away from the rest of the population harms growth. The paper also evaluates the “human capital accumulation theory” finding evidence for human capital as a channel through which inequality may affect growth. Analysis based on micro data from the Adult Skills Survey (PIAAC) shows that increased income disparities depress skills development among individuals with poorer parental education background, both in terms of the quantity of education attained (e.g. years of schooling), and in terms of its quality (i.e. skill proficiency). Educational outcomes of individuals from richer backgrounds, however, are not affected by inequality. It follows that policies to reduce income inequalities should not only be pursued to improve social outcomes but also to sustain long-term growth. Redistribution policies via taxes and transfers are a key tool to ensure the benefits of growth are more broadly distributed and the results suggest they need not be expected to undermine growth. But it is also important to promote equality of opportunity in access to and quality of education. This implies a focus on families with children and youths – as this is when decisions about human capital accumulation are made -- promoting employment for disadvantaged groups through active labour market policies, childcare supports and in-work benefits.
    Note: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxrjncwxv6j-en
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  • 38
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    Social Cohesion Policy Review of Viet Nam (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264196155
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (204 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Social cohesion policy review of Viet Nam
    Keywords: Soziale Lage ; Soziale Sicherheit ; Sozialpolitik ; Vietnam ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Viet Nam
    Abstract: This report examines the effects of recent economic growth in Viet Nam on social cohesion. It finds that recent rapid economic growth in Viet Nam has not resulted in an increase in overall inequality, but the level of inequality was already high. Growth was not particularly inclusive, benefiting most the middle class and the richest households, and favouring less households in the bottom 20th percentile. Income mobility was also high, and while a majority of households experienced upward income mobility, downward absolute income mobility affected one in five households. Economic growth was not particularly job rich with employment growth lagging behind economic expansion. In particular, important challenges were identified in the area of education and skills policies relating to fast-changing labour market needs. Minimum wage policies had a small but positive effect on employment, but concerns were highlighted over partial coverage and weak compliance. Tax policy and specifically personal income tax had only a small impact on reducing inequality, but transfers from central to local governments produced an equalising effect, albeit with mixed results in terms of satisfaction with public services. Finally, social protection systems have been extended, but important coverage gaps remain among the poor and ethnic minority groups, and informality remains a key challenge for universal extension.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264196155-en
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  • 39
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    Pomegranate : = Grenade (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264206700
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (60 p.)
    Series Statement: International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: This brochure is published within the framework of the Scheme for the Application of International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables established by OECD in 1962. This is the first OECD brochure which is based on a Codex Standard. It interprets the first international standard on pomegranates, which was adopted by the Codex Alimentarius Commission in 2013. It comprises explanatory notes and illustrations to facilitate the uniform interpretation of this new standard. This new brochure illustrates the standard text and demonstrates the quality parameters on high quality photographs. Thus, it is a valuable tool for the inspection authorities, professional bodies and traders interested in international trade in pomegranates. The brochure also includes a USB key containing the hyperlinked electronic version of the publication, as well as all illustrative materials in high definition photographs. .
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264206700-en-fr
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  • 40
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    Mental Health and Work: United Kingdom (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264204997
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Mental health and work
    Keywords: Psychische Krankheit ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Großbritannien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United Kingdom ; Großbritannien ; Berufstätigkeit ; Psychische Störung
    Abstract: Tackling mental ill-health of the working-age population is becoming a key issue for labour market and social policies in OECD countries. OECD governments increasingly recognise that policy has a major role to play in keeping people with mental ill-health in employment or bringing those outside of the labour market back to it, and in preventing mental illness. This report on the United Kingdom is the sixth in a series of reports looking at how the broader education, health, social and labour market policy challenges identified in Sick on the Job? Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (OECD, 2012) are being tackled in a number of OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264204997-en
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  • 41
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    Mental Health and Work: Switzerland (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264204973
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Santé mentale et emploi ; Suisse
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Psychische Gesundheit und Beschäftigung; Schweiz
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Mental health and work
    Keywords: Psychische Krankheit ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Schweiz ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Switzerland ; Schweiz ; Berufstätigkeit ; Psychische Störung
    Abstract: Tackling mental ill-health of the working-age population is becoming a key issue for labour market and social policies in OECD countries. OECD governments increasingly recognise that policy has a major role to play in keeping people with mental ill-health in employment or bringing those outside of the labour market back to it, and in preventing mental illness. This report on Switzerland is the fifth in a series of reports looking at how the broader education, health, social and labour market policy challenges identified in Sick on the Job? Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (OECD, 2012) are being tackled in a number of OECD countries. It concludes that the Swiss system is well resourced to address the challenges in various policy fields; that due the involvemnet of a large number of stakeholders much needed policy coordination across different sectors is a difficult task; and that a stronger mental health focus is required in Switzerland's health, social and labour market policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264204973-en
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  • 42
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    OECD Reviews of Health Care Quality: Czech Republic 2014 : Raising Standards (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264208605
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Care Quality
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of health care quality
    Keywords: Gesundheitsversorgung ; Tschechien ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Czech Republic ; Tschechien ; Medizinische Versorgung
    Abstract: This book presents a comprehensive review of health care quality in the Czech Republic. It finds that over the past 20 years, the Czech Republic witnessed the unprecedented gains in quality of health care and life expectancy and successfully transferred its Semaschko system into the modern accessible health care system with private-public mix of providers. Nevertheless the health care system in the Czech Republic still has some way to go to achieve the outcomes of the best performing OECD members. While some of the gap might be caused by the one of the lowest levels of health care expenditures among OECD countries (7.2% GDP in 2011) there are possibilities to improve the outcomes without incurring much of the additional costs. The Czech authorities should reach a consensus on the development of quality of care and data infrastructure and aim for sustainable long-term initiatives undisturbed by the political cycles in both of these areas. While the adverse events reporting and voluntary accreditation are the good steps towards the accountability of the providers, the government should do more in this area, undertake the effort to broaden the accreditation process and include outpatient care and link public health authorities to the quality agenda of inpatient care. In the area of data infrastructure more data should be gathered, the process of data gathering should be streamlined and administrative burden for the providers lowered primarily via the merging the data-collecting agencies. Finally, without the active participation of health insurance funds and proper reimbursement mechanisms in place the quality agenda will not be perceived as the priority.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264208605-en
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  • 43
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    Shallots : = chalotes (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264213265
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (70 p.)
    Series Statement: International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: These guidelines published within the framework of the Scheme for the Application of International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables established by OECD in 1962. They include explanatory notes and illustrations to facilitate the uniform interpretation of the Shallots Standard. This book illustrates the standard text and demonstrates the quality parameters on high quality photographs. It therefore is a valuable tool for the inspection authorities, professional bodies and traders interested in international trade in Shallots.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264213265-en-fr
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  • 44
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    Pensions at a Glance : Latin America and the Caribbean (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264224964
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Un Panorama de las Pensiones en America Latina y el Caribe
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Um Panorama dos Sistemas Previdenciários na América Latina e no Caribe
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Pensions at a glance
    Keywords: Altersvorsorge ; Lateinamerika ; Karibischer Raum ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Bericht ; Lateinamerika ; Karibik ; Pensionskasse ; Altersversorgung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: This comprehensive examination of pension systems in Latin America and the Caribbean looks at recent trends in retirement and working at older ages, evolving life expectancy, design of pension systems, and pension entitlements before providing a series of country profiles. The special chapter analyses the coverage and adequacy of Latin American pension systems.
    DOI: 10.1787/pension_glance-2014-en
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  • 45
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    Ageing and Employment Policies: Netherlands 2014 : Working Better with Age (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264208155
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.)
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ageing and employment policies
    Keywords: Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Niederlande ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Netherlands ; Niederlande ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer ; Beschäftigungspolitik
    Abstract: Given the ageing challenges, there is an increasing pressure in OECD countries to further boost the employability of the working-age population over the coming decades. This report provides an overview of policy iniatives implemented over the past decade in the Netherlands and identifies areas where more should be done, covering both supply-side and demand-side aspects. To give better incentives to carry on working, the report recommends to promote longer contribution periods in the second-pillar pension schemes, and ensure better information and transparency of pension schemes, with a special focus on groups with low financial literacy. On the side of employers, it is important to progress towards more age-neutral hiring decisions and wage-setting procedures with more focus on performance and less on tenure and seniority. To improve the employability of older workers, the focus should be to promote training measures for older unemployed which are directly linked to a specific job. The large diversity in municipal "Work-First"programmes should be utilised in designing mor effective activation policies targetted on those at risk of losing contact with the labour market.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264208155-en
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  • 46
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    Public Procurement Review of the State's Employees' Social Security and Social Services Institute in Mexico (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264197305
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (252 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Estudio sobre la contratación pública del Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado en México
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Public procurement review of the State's Employees' Social Security and Social Services Institute in Mexico
    Keywords: Sindicato Nacional de Trabajadores del I.S.S.S.T.E ; Öffentlicher Auftrag ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Mexiko ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Mexico
    Abstract: How can citizens’ health and well-being be improved when public resources are limited? What practices allow hospitals and health clinics to get state of art medical equipment and medicine at the right price? The OECD Procurement Review of the Mexican State’s Employees’ Social Security and Social Services Institute (ISSSTE) looks at the public entity responsible for providing medical and social services to Mexican civil servants. It provides a comprehensive assessment of its procurement function and how to improve it in order to enhance the overall efficiency and transparency of the organisation and the quality of the services it provides. The review builds on the OECD Principles for Enhancing Integrity in Public Procurement, good practices of other health organisations as well as comparative data on public procurement in OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264197305-en
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  • 47
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    Redressement des pêches : Le cap à suivre (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264168916
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Rebuilding Fisheries; The Way Forward
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: Partout dans le monde, de nombreuses zones sont affectées par la surpêche, une faible productivité et une rentabilité insuffisante. Les redresser entraînerait pourtant des avantages considérables. Ce rapport analyse les défis et les grandes questions auxquels doivent faire face les gouvernements lorsqu'ils élaborent et mettent en œuvre des initiatives visant à redresser les pêcheries. Il porte essentiellement sur les questions économiques et institutionnelles et s'appuie sur des données provenant des pêcheries des pays de l’OCDE.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264168916-fr
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  • 48
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    Moyens d'action au service de la croissance verte en agriculture (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264204140
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.)
    Series Statement: tudes de l'OCDE sur la croissance verte
    Series Statement: Études de l'OCDE sur la croissance verte
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Policy Instruments to Support Green Growth in Agriculture
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment
    Abstract: Ce rapport fait la synthèse des expériences des pays de l’OCDE en matière d’élaboration et de mise en œuvre des politiques, des programmes et des initiatives en rapport avec la croissance verte dans le secteur agricole, en s’appuyant essentiellement sur les éléments communiqués par les pays. Le rapport examine l’approche globale adoptée par les pays pour élaborer une stratégie de croissance verte en agriculture ; il aborde également la mise en œuvre du cadre de suivi des progrès vers la croissance verte en agriculture, élaboré par l’OCDE ; et il examine les différents moyens d’action utilisés. Une conclusion principale est que si la plupart des pays se sont dotés de politiques articulées autour du concept de croissance verte, le degré d’ambition de leurs objectifs en la matière varie considérablement. Les pays de l’OCDE appliquent une large gamme d’instruments ainsi qu’un grand nombre de « panoplies de mesures ». La majorité d’entre eux ont défini des objectifs stratégiques couvrant un grand nombre de thématiques liées à la croissance verte, en particulier dans le domaine de l’amélioration de l’efficacité énergétique et de la réduction de l’empreinte carbone du secteur agricole. Un cadre d’action général cohérent, qui comprend des objectifs clairs et définit des priorités en matière de R-D ainsi que des mesures ciblées et mises en œuvre aux niveaux appropriés, sont essentiels pour établir une stratégie globale de croissance verte dans le secteur agricole.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264204140-fr
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  • 49
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    Global Food Security : Challenges for the Food and Agricultural System (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264195363
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Sécurité alimentaire mondiale ; Défis pour le système agricole et agro-alimentaire
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global food security
    Keywords: Ernährungssicherung ; Lebensmittel ; Außenhandel ; Agraraußenhandel ; Welt ; Agriculture and Food ; Development ; Welternährung ; Ernährungssicherung
    Abstract: This study examines how changes to the functioning of the world’s food and agriculture system can contribute to reduced hunger and the attainment of global food security. The challenge is wide ranging and multi-faceted. While food production will respond to the demands of a rising and more affluent world population, effective government policies can stimulate productivity and contain upward pressure on food prices. They can also help ensure that land and water resources are used more sustainably, and that farmers have the capacity to manage risk and adapt to climate change. Trade will have an important role to play in ensuring that resources are used efficiently and sustainably, and in getting food from surplus to deficit regions. At the same time, multilateral reforms are needed to ensure that the world trading system functions more smoothly and fairly than it has done in the past. Approximately two-thirds of the world’s poor live in rural areas, where farming is the principal economic activity. This study considers how government policies can raise the incomes of agricultural and rural households, and thereby improve poor peoples’ access to food. Yet while income growth is essential for long-term food security, it is not sufficient. Complementary policies, for example to improve health and sanitation, are required to ensure improvements in peoples’ nutrition. Action is thus required on many fronts. The purpose of this study is to help policymakers establish priorities at global, regional and national levels.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264195363-en
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  • 50
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    Les systèmes d'innovation agricole : Cadre pour l'analyse du rôle des pouvoirs publics (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264200661
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Agricultural Innovation Systems; A Framework for Analysing the Role of the Government
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: Ce rapport examine les tendances récentes en matière de systèmes d'innovation agricole (SIA) et étudie l'impact d'un large éventail de politiques relatives à la création et à la diffusion de l'innovation dans le secteur agricole et agroalimentaire. Il suggère un cadre pour l'analyse du rôle des pouvoirs publics dans la promotion de l'innovation, dans le but d'aider à identifier les mesures concrètes qu'ils pourraient prendre pour améliorer la croissance de la productivité, l'utilisation durable des ressources et la résilience aux futures évolutions du marché des systèmes agricoles et agroalimentaires nationaux et mondiaux.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264200661-fr
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  • 51
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    A Good Life in Old Age? : Monitoring and Improving Quality in Long-term Care (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264194564
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (265 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als A good life in old age?
    RVK:
    QX 700
    Keywords: Häusliche Pflege ; Dienstleistungsqualität ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Altenpflege ; Medizinische Versorgung ; Langzeitbetreuung
    Abstract: As ageing societies are pushing a growing number of frail old people into needing care, delivering quality long-term care services – care that is safe, effective, and responsive to needs – has become a priority for governments. Yet much still remains to be done to enhance evidence-based measurement and improvement of quality of long-term care services across EU and OECD countries. This book offers evidence and examples of useful experiences to help policy makers, providers and experts measure and improve the quality of long-term care services.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264194564-en
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  • 52
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    Zuwanderung ausländischer Arbeitskräfte: Deutschland (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264191747
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recruiting Immigrant Workers; Germany 2013
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Recruiting Immigrant Workers: Germany 2013
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany
    Abstract: Die jüngsten Reformen haben Deutschland zu einem der OECD-Länder mit den geringsten Beschränkungen für die Zuwanderung von hochqualifizierten Fachkräften gemacht, die Zahl der Zuzüge ist jedoch nach wie vor relativ gering. Da die Arbeitsmigration als eine der Möglichkeiten zur Bewältigung des Arbeits- und Fachkräftemangels gilt, zu dem es infolge des Rückgangs der Bevölkerung im Erwerbsalter kommt, befasst sich diese Publikation mit der Frage, wie gewährleistet werden kann, dass dringendem Arbeitsmarktbedarf, der nicht mit inländischen Arbeitskräften zu decken ist, durch internationale Arbeitsmigration begegnet werden kann. Der Bericht untersucht wichtige Fragen in Bezug auf die Gestaltung des deutschen Systems der Arbeitsmigration, sowohl von der Nachfrage- als auch von der Angebotsseite her. Deutsche Arbeitgeber können alle Arbeitsplätze, für die ein Hochschulabschluss erforderlich ist, mit Arbeitskräften aus dem Ausland besetzen. Doch selbst Arbeitgeber, die über Fachkräftemangel klagen, haben dies bislang häufig nicht getan, z.T. weil sie auf gute deutsche Sprachkenntnisse und besondere Qualifikationen bestehen, z.T. aber auch weil sie die Verfahren der internationalen Personalanwerbung für komplex und unzuverlässig halten. Diese Verfahren könnten zwar transparenter gestaltet werden, ihr schlechter Ruf ist aber dennoch ungerechtfertigt. Internationale Studierende scheinen gut geeignet, den Anforderungen der Arbeitgeber gerecht zu werden, Deutschland könnte jedoch mehr unternehmen, um diesen Weg der Arbeitsmigration zu fördern. Mit einer starken Nachfrage ist auch in Berufen zu rechnen, die eine abgeschlossene nicht universitäre Berufsausbildung voraussetzen; für diese Berufe gelten jedoch nach wie vor strengere Beschränkungen. Zur Behebung absehbarer Personalengpässe in diesen Berufen sollte mehr getan werden, um ausländische Arbeitskräfte für das duale System zu gewinnen, wobei Deutschlands neuer Rahmen für die Anerkennung von Berufsqualifikationen beitragen könnte, um neue Zuwanderungsmöglichkeiten zu schaffen.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264191747-de
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  • 53
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    Cancer Care : Assuring Quality to Improve Survival (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264181052
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (156 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Cancer care
    Keywords: Krebskrankheit ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Krebs ; Medizinische Versorgung ; Qualitätssicherung
    Abstract: More than five million new cases of cancer are diagnosed every year in OECD countries. Mortality rates are declining, but not as fast as for other big killers such as heart disease, and cancer survival rates show almost a four-fold difference across countries. In short, many countries are not doing as well as they could in the fight against cancer. Cancer Care: Assuring Quality to Improve Survival surveys the policy trends in cancer care over recent years and looks at survival rates to identify the why some countries are doing better than others. It sets out what governments should do to reduce the burden of cancer in their countries. As well as an adequate level of resourcing, a comprehensive national cancer control plan appears critical, emphasising initiatives such as early detection and fast-track treatment pathways. Countries also need better data, particularly for patients’ experiences of care, in order to provide high quality, continuously improving cancer care.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264181052-en
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    Coping with Emigration in Baltic and East European Countries (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264204928
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Coping with emigration in Baltic and East European countries
    Keywords: Auswanderung ; Baltische Staaten ; Polen ; Rumänien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Baltic States ; Osteuropa ; Baltikum ; Auswanderung ; Geschichte 2000-2013
    Abstract: The Baltic countries have experienced sustained emigration over the past decade, contributing to population decline and a loss of working-age population. The impact of this emigration is felt strongly in the labour market, the general economy and in social developments. How can countries deal with the impact of high levels of emigration? How to attract back emigrants? How best to benefit from the financial, social and human capital developed abroad? The Baltic countries are not alone in addressing these challenges, and this volume brings together the recent experience of Poland and Romania, as well as a wide range of OECD countries, in developing new policies to cope with emigration.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264204928-en
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    OECD Framework for Statistics on the Distribution of Household Income, Consumption and Wealth (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264194830
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (274 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD framework for statistics on the distribution of household income, consumption and wealth
    Keywords: Haushaltseinkommen ; Privater Haushalt ; Konsum ; Lebensstandard ; Vermögen ; Datenerhebung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Haushalt ; Einkommen ; Lebensstandard ; Verbrauch ; Datenerhebung
    Abstract: This publication presents an internationally agreed framework to support the joint analysis of micro-level statistics on household income, consumption and wealth. Its aim is to extend the existing international frameworks for measuring household income and consumption at the micro level to include wealth, and describes income, consumption and wealth as three separate but interrelated dimensions of people’s economic well-being. The framework, prepared by an international expert group working under the auspices of the OECD, is intended to assist national statistical offices and other data producers to develop data sets at the household level that are suitable for integrated analysis, and for facilitating comparisons between countries. The Framework is widely applicable, with relevance to countries that are at different stages of statistical development, that have different statistical infrastructures, and that operate in different economic and social environments.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264194830-en
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  • 56
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    Policy Instruments to Support Green Growth in Agriculture (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264203525
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Green Growth Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Moyens d'action au service de la croissance verte en agriculture
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Policy instruments to support green growth in agriculture
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Ökologischer Landbau ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; OECD ; Landwirtschaft ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Instrument ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: This report synthesises the experience of OECD countries in developing and implementing policies, programmes and initiatives related to green growth in the agricultural sector, based primarily on material provided by governments. It discusses the overall approach that countries are taking towards establishing a green growth strategy in agriculture; the implementation of the OECD framework for monitoring progress towards green growth in agriculture; and the various policy instruments used. A key conclusion is that, while most countries have some policies in place that relate to the concept of green growth, the degree of ambition shows considerable variation. A wide range of instruments and a variety of “policy mixes” are currently applied across OECD countries, with the majority of countries appearing to have strategic objectives covering a wide range of subjects related to green growth, particularly in the area of improving energy efficiency and reducing the carbon footprint of agriculture. A coherent overall policy framework that has clear objectives, sets R&D priorities, and policy measures that are targeted and implemented at the appropriate levels are essential to establish a comprehensive strategy for green growth in agriculture.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264203525-en
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  • 57
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    Public Procurement Review of the Mexican Institute of Social Security : Enhancing Efficiency and Integrity for Better Health Care (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264197480
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Estudio sobre la contratación pública del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social ; Aumentar la eficiencia e integridad para una mejor asistencia médica
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Public procurement review of the Mexican Institute of Social Security
    Keywords: Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social ; Öffentlicher Auftrag ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Mexiko ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Mexico
    Abstract: Building on the 2008 OECD Principles for Enhancing Integrity in Public Procurement and good practices of similar organisations in other OECD countries, this review provides a comprehensive assessment of IMSS procurement strategies, systems and processes and proposes a roadmap for the reform of its procurement function.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264197480-en
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    Mental Health and Work: Norway (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264178984
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Mental health and work
    Keywords: Psychische Krankheit ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Norwegen ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Norway ; Norwegen ; Berufstätigkeit ; Psychische Störung
    Abstract: Tackling mental ill-health of the working-age population is becoming a key issue for labour market and social policies in OECD countries. OECD governments increasingly recognise that policy has a major role to play in keeping people with mental ill-health in employment or bringing those outside of the labour market back to it, and in preventing mental illness. This report on Norway is the fourth in a series of reports looking at how the broader education, health, social and labour market policy challenges identified in Sick on the Job? Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (OECD, 2012) are being tackled in a number of OECD countries. It concludes that Norway faces a unique situation whereby a generous welfare system stimulates large-scale labour market exclusion and significant socio-economic inequalities of people with a mental disorder, and hindering better outcomes of its employment and vocational rehabilitation programmes.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264178984-en
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  • 59
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    OECD Reviews of Health Care Quality: Sweden 2013 (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264204799
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (208 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Care Quality
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of health care quality
    Keywords: Gesundheitsversorgung ; Qualitätsmanagement ; Schweden ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Sweden ; Schweden ; Gesundheitsfürsorge ; Qualität ; Qualitätssicherung
    Abstract: This report reviews the quality of health care in Sweden. It begins by providing an overview of the range of policies and practices aimed at supporting quality of care in Sweden (Chapter 1). It then focuses on three key areas particularly relevant to elderly populations: strengthening primary care in Sweden (Chapter 2), better assurance for quality in long-term care (Chapter 3), and improving care after hip fracture and stroke (Chapter 4). In examining these areas, this report highlights best practices and provides recommendations to improve the quality of care in Sweden.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264204799-en
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  • 60
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    Settlement, Market and Food Security (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264187443
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: West African Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Peuplement, marché et sécurité alimentaire
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Settlement, market and food security
    Keywords: Siedlungsstruktur ; Wirtschaftsgeographie ; Humangeographie ; Landwirtschaft ; Ernährungssicherung ; Westafrika ; Agriculture and Food ; Development ; Bericht ; Westafrika ; Ernährungssicherung
    Abstract: Settlement dynamics have been reshaping West Africa’s social and economic geography. These spatial transformations – high urbanisation and economic concentration – favour the development of market-oriented agriculture. With the population of West Africa set to double by 2050, agricultural production systems will undergo far-reaching transformations. To support these transformations, policies need to be spatially targeted, improve availability of market information and broaden the field of food security to policy domains beyond agriculture. They need to rely on homogeneous and reliable data – not available at present – particularly for key variables such as non-agricultural and agricultural population, marketed production and regional trade.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264187443-en
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    OECD Reviews of Health Care Quality: Denmark 2013 : Raising Standards (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264191136
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (183 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Care Quality
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of health care quality
    Keywords: 2013 ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Dänemark ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Denmark ; Dänemark ; Medizinische Versorgung
    Abstract: This review of health care quality in Denmark examines policies related to quality and includes chapters covering primary and integrated care, hospital specialisation and equity. It finds that with a dense array of disease- and service-focused quality initiatives, and with information on the quality of care stored in separate data repositories, Denmark needs to create effective links and synergies between them to drive up quality in the healthcare system as a whole, rather than in disconnected elements. Primary care will be central in meeting Denmark’s future healthcare challenges of an ageing population with multiple chronic conditions. Therefore, an urgent need is to create a national vision of how a modernised primary care sector will fulfill this new coordination role. National standards, clinical guidelines, accreditation of clinical pathways and targeted financial incentive programmes could support this role, along with more transparent and formalised continual professional development. To facilitate quality improvement from the ambitious hospital rationalisation, Denmark should collect and disseminate data on the quality of individual physicians as well as the hospitals. Undergraduate training and medical research should be reviewed in light of the new service arrangements. Close surveillance will be needed to monitor whether certain patient groups forego healthcare because travel times to providers are too long. Limited data availability complicate Denmark’s ability to monitor its commitment to equitable healthcare. There is an urgent need for renewed action to tackle risk factors of chronic ill-health that disproportionately affect low-income groups. Better information on the impact of user-charges on unmet need in low-income groups is needed.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264191136-en
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    La fourniture de biens publics agro-environnementaux par l'action collective (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264201378
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (332 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Providing Agri-environmental Public Goods through Collective Action
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment
    Abstract: La fourniture de biens publics agro-environnementaux par l’action collective passe en revue l’expérience de plusieurs pays Membres de l’OCDE dans le but d’analyser comment l’action collective peut être efficace pour promouvoir la fourniture de biens publics agroenvironnementaux, tels que la biodiversité et les paysages. L’étude porte sur vingt-cinq cas dans 13 pays (Australie, Belgique, Canada, Finlande, France, Allemagne, Italie, Japon, Pays-Bas, Nouvelle-Zélande, Espagne, Suède et Royaume-Uni). L’étude montre que l’action collective est une voie à envisager sérieusement pour traiter de nombreux problèmes liés à l’agriculture et aux ressources naturelles, et qu’elle devrait être expressément encouragée dans certaines situations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264201378-fr
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  • 63
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    Strengthening Social Cohesion in Korea (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264188945
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (248 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Strengthening Social Cohesion in Korea; (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Strengthening social cohesion in Korea
    Keywords: Soziale Lage ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Einkommensverteilung ; Sozialpolitik ; Arbeitsmarktsegmentation ; Südkorea ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Korea, Republic of ; Südkorea ; Sozialpolitik
    Abstract: Korea is confronting a serious challenges. It has to improve income equality in the context of a severe demographic transition. Such a transition, from one of the youngest populations in the OECD at present to the second oldest by 2050, may boost the need for public spending and slow economic growth. In this context and as the pace of population ageing is accelerating, it is important to act quickly in a wide range of areas: -Policies to sustain Korea’s growth potential in the face of falling labour inputs; -Measures that improve both growth and equality; -Carefully-targeted increases in social spending to reduce inequality and poverty; -Financing higher social spending, with priority given to a reform of tax and social security that minimises the negative impact on output growth. Against the background of these broad challenges, which are discussed in a specific, setting-the-ground, Chapter, the report suggests policy options, based on the practices and reforms of other countries, in the following four areas: I) Income Distribution and Poverty; II) Tackling the Duality of the Labour Market; III) Early Childcare; and IV) Moving beyond Hospitals to better Care in the Community.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264188945-en
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    OECD Investment Policy Reviews: Tanzania 2013 (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264204348
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (312 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD investment policy reviews
    Keywords: Investitionspolitik ; Tansania ; Agriculture and Food ; Finance and Investment ; Tanzania, United Republic of ; Tansania ; Investition
    Abstract: This review of investment policy in Tanzania evaluates the current policy situation and makes recommendations for enabling Tanzania to attract higher investment to exploit its full potential and become a regional trade and investment hub. The review finds that while private investment in Tanzania has considerably risen since the early 1990s, further progress can be made to improve the business climate and attract more investment in key sectors, such as infrastructure and agriculture. Informed by the subsequent chapters of this report, this overview provides policy options to address these challenges. In particular, investors’ rights and obligations could be rationalised and made more accessible and regulations on foreign investment and investment incentives reviewed. The land legislation could be revised and land rights registration accelerated, notably by providing stronger incentives for registration. The short-term and long-term costs and benefits of the regulatory restrictions imposed by crop boards and of export bans could be closely analysed.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264204348-en
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    ICTs and the Health Sector : Towards Smarter Health and Wellness Models (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264202863
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. ICTs and the Health Sector; Towards Smarter Health and Wellness Models (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als ICTs and the health sector
    Keywords: Gesundheitswesen ; Informationstechnik ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Medizinische Informatik
    Abstract: The future sustainability of health systems will depend on how well governments are able to anticipate and respond to efficiency and quality of care challenges. Bold action is required, as well as willingness to test innovative care delivery approaches. The greatest promise for transformational change is in applications that encourage new, ubiquitous, participatory preventive and personalised smart models of care. A whole new world of possibilities in using mobiles and the Internet to address healthcare challenges has opened up. The potential of mobile devices, services and applications to support self-management, behavioural modification and "participatory healthcare" is greater than ever before. A key hurdle is, however, the big data challenge, dealing with the exponentially accelerating accumulation of patient data – all of which must be mined, stored securely and accurately, and converted to meaningful information at the point of care. In order to fully exploit the new smart approaches to care, acceptance, privacy and usability issues will also have to be carefully considered.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264202863-en
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    Mental Health and Work: Denmark (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264188631
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Mental health and work
    Keywords: Psychische Krankheit ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Dänemark ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Denmark ; Dänemark ; Berufstätigkeit ; Psychische Störung
    Abstract: Tackling mental ill-health of the working-age population is becoming a key issue for labour market and social policies in OECD countries. OECD governments increasingly recognise that policy has a major role to play in keeping people with mental ill-health in employment or bringing those outside of the labour market back to it, and in preventing mental illness. This report on Denmark is the third in a series of reports looking at how the broader education, health, social and labour market policy challenges identified in Sick on the Job? Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (OECD, 2012) are being tackled in a number of OECD countries. It concludes that the Danish system has a number of strengths that have yet to be used in a more effective way, but also that quite a few changes are needed in order to raise the labour market particiption of people with mental ill-health.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264188631-en
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    Santé mentale et emploi : Belgique (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264187597
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Santé mentale et emploi
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mental Health and Work; Belgium
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Belgium
    Abstract: Dans les pays de l’OCDE, la gestion des problèmes de santé mentale dans la population d’âge actif devient un enjeu essentiel pour les politiques sociales et du marché du travail. Les gouvernements de ces pays sont de plus en plus nombreux à reconnaître que les pouvoirs publics ont un rôle important à jouer pour maintenir au travail les personnes souffrant de troubles mentaux ou pour faciliter la réintégration de celles qui sont sorties du marché de l’emploi, ainsi que pour prévenir l’apparition de ce type de troubles. Ce rapport relatif à la Belgique est le premier d’une série de travaux analysant l’approche adoptée par différents pays de l’OCDE face aux défis plus larges, décrits dans la publication Mal-être au travail ? Mythes et réalités sur la santé mentale et l’emploi (OCDE, 2012), auxquels sont confrontés les pouvoirs publics en matière d’éducation, de santé, de politique sociale et d’emploi. Sa conclusion est que la Belgique dispose déjà d’un système comportant de nombreux atouts structurels, qui ne sont cependant pas encore exploités de manière optimale.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264187597-fr
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    Review of Recent Developments and Progress in Labour Market and Social Policy in Israel : Slow Progress Towards a More Inclusive Society (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264200401
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (74 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Adema, Willem Review of recent developments and progress in labour market and social policy in Israel
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarkt ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Sozialpolitik ; Israel ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Israel
    Abstract: This report presents the OECD's assessment of recent developments in Israel in the area of labour market and social policy. It focuses on recent trends in poverty and employment outcomes and policy development to improve employment opportunities, especially for the Arab and Haredi communities.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264200401-en
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  • 69
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    Estudio sobre la contratación pública del Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado en México (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264197565
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272 p.)
    Series Statement: Estudios de la OCDE sobre Gobernanza Pública
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Public Procurement Review of the State's Employees' Social Security and Social Services Institute in Mexico
    Keywords: Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Mexico
    Abstract: A partir de los Principios de la OCDE para fortalecer la integridad en la contratación pública (2008) y las buenas prácticas de organizaciones similares en otros países de la OCDE, el estudio aporta una evaluación integral de las estrategias, los sistemas y los processos de adquisición del ISSSTE.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264197565-es
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    OECD Review of Agricultural Policies: Kazakhstan 2013 (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264191761
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (244 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Review of Agricultural Policies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Review of Agricultural Policies; Kazakhstan 2013; (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD review of agricultural policies
    Keywords: Agrarpolitik ; Kasachstan ; Agriculture and Food ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Agrarpolitik
    Abstract: This Review, undertaken in close co-operation with the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan and conducted within the framework of the OECD Eurasia Competitiveness Programme, assesses the performance of agriculture in Kazakhstan over the last two decades. It evaluates agricultural policy reforms in Kazakhstan and provides recommendations to address key challenges in the future. This analysis is based on the approach that agriculture policy should be evidence-based and designed to support productivity, competitiveness and sustainable development, while avoiding unnecessary distortions to production decisions and to trade. A special chapter of the Review highlights the constraints to farm incomes that exist beyond the farm gate and related policy issues.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264191761-en
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    World Social Science Report 2013 : Changing Global Environments (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264203419
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (612 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Changing global environments
    Keywords: Umwelt ; Ökologie ; Klimaänderung ; Wirtschaftskrise ; Internationales politisches System ; Alternative ; Entwicklung ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Politikberatung ; Global Governance ; Global governance ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Erde
    Abstract: Produced by the International Social Science Council (ISSC) and UNESCO, and published by the OECD, the 2013 World Social Science Report represents a comprehensive overview of the field gathering the thoughts and expertise of hundreds of social scientists from around the world. This edition focuses on the transformative role of the social sciences in confronting climate and broader processes of environmental change, and in addressing priority problems from energy and water, biodiversity and land use, to urbanisation, migration and education. The report includes 100 articles written by 150 authors from 41 countries all over the world. Authors represent some 24 disciplines, mainly in the social sciences. The contributions highlight the central importance of social science knowledge for environmental change research, as a means of understanding changing environments in terms of social processes and as framework for finding concrete solutions towards sustainability.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264203419-en
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  • 72
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    OECD Compendium of Agri-environmental Indicators (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264186217
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (190 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Compendium des indicateurs agro-environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD compendium of agri-environmental indicators
    Keywords: Ökologischer Landbau ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Industriestaaten ; Landwirtschaft ; Umweltindikator ; Geschichte 1990-2010
    Abstract: Agriculture can have significant impacts on the environment as it uses on average over 40% of water and land resources in OECD countries. The impacts occur on and off farm, including both pollution and degradation of soil, water and air. But agriculture also supplies ecosystem services, such as biodiversity, provides a sink for greenhouse gases, and contributes to flood control and the aesthetic value of landscapes. This compendium updates the data issued in Environmental Performance of Agriculture at a Glance and provides comprehensive data and analysis on the environmental performance of agriculture in OECD countries since 1990, covering soil, water, air and biodiversity and looking at recent policy developments in all 34 OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264186217-en
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    Broccoli : = Brocolis (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264188822
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (77 p.)
    Series Statement: International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: This brochure is published within the framework of the Scheme for the Application of International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables established by OECD in 1962. It comprises explanatory notes and illustrations to facilitate the uniform interpretation of the Broccoli Standard. This brochure illustrates the standard text and demonstrates the quality parameters on high quality photographs. Thus, it is a valuable tool for the inspection authorities, professional bodies and traders interested in international trade of broccoli.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264188822-en-fr
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  • 74
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    Mental Health and Work: Belgium (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264187566
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Santé mentale et emploi ; Belgique
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Mental health and work
    Keywords: Psychische Krankheit ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Belgien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Belgium ; Belgien ; Berufstätigkeit ; Psychische Störung
    Abstract: Tackling mental ill-health of the working-age population is becoming a key issue for labour market and social policies in OECD countries. OECD governments increasingly recognise that policy has a major role to play in keeping people with mental ill-health in employment or bringing those outside of the labour market back to it, and in preventing mental illness. This report on Belgium is the first in a series of reports looking at how the broader education, health, social and labour market policy challenges identified in Sick on the Job? Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (OECD, 2012) are being tackled in a number of OECD countries. It concludes that Belgium can build on a system with a number of structural strengths that are not yet exploited to the best possible extent.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264187566-en
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  • 75
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    Greece: Reform of Social Welfare Programmes (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264196490
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Greece; Reform of Social Welfare Programmes (Greek version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Greece
    Keywords: Sozialpolitik ; Sozialreform ; Griechenland ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Greece ; Griechenland ; Sozialpolitik ; Sozialhilfe
    Abstract: This review provides an analytical perspective of the current situation, including the construction of a database, in order to help the Greek government define reforms to improve the effectiveness, efficiency and fairness of selected social programmes. The review identifies gaps and overlaps in social protection, and highlights areas where there is room for significant efficiency gains, in order to support informed and concrete decisions by the Greek government on where budgetary savings can most appropriately be made, taking into account the balance between societal groups and the need to maintain social cohesion.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264196490-en
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  • 76
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    Agricultural Innovation Systems : A Framework for Analysing the Role of the Government (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264200593
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (106 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les systèmes d'innovation agricole ; Cadre pour l'analyse du rôle des pouvoirs publics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Agricultural innovation systems
    Keywords: Agroindustrie ; Landwirtschaft ; Technologiepolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Landwirtschaft ; Innovation ; Strukturwandel ; Agrarpolitik ; Innovationsförderung ; Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: This report reviews recent trends in agricultural innovation systems (AIS) and discusses the impact of a wide range of policies on the creation and diffusion of innovation in the agricultural and agrifood sector. It suggests a framework for analysing the role of governments in fostering increased innovation, with a view to helping to identify practical actions that governments could take to improve productivity growth, sustainable use of resources, and resilience to future market developments in national and global agriculture and agri-food systems.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264200593-en
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  • 77
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    Peuplement, marché et sécurité alimentaire (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264187412
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (208 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Cahiers de l'Afrique de l'Ouest
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Settlement, Market and Food Security
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Development
    Abstract: Selon les prévisions actuelles, la population de l'Afrique de l'Ouest devrait doubler d'ici 2050. Cette publication étudie comment les systèmes de production et les politiques agricoles devront changer pour soutenir cette croissance.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264187412-fr
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  • 78
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    Greece: Reform of Social Welfare Programmes (Greek version) (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264203235
    Language: Greek, Modern (1453- )
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Greece; Reform of Social Welfare Programmes
    Keywords: Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Greece
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264203235-el
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  • 79
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    OECD Guidelines on Measuring Subjective Well-being (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264191655
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (290 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD guidelines on measuring subjective well-being
    RVK:
    CU 7000
    Keywords: Zufriedenheit ; Sozialer Indikator ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Glück ; Zufriedenheit ; Ratgeber ; OECD
    Abstract: Being able to measure people’s quality of life is fundamental when assessing the progress of societies. There is now widespread acknowledgement that measuring subjective well-being is an essential part of measuring quality of life alongside other social and economic dimensions. As a first step to improving the measures of quality of life, the OECD has produced Guidelines which provide advice on the collection and use of measures of subjective well-being. These Guidelines have been produced as part of the OECD Better Life Initiative, a pioneering project launched in 2011, with the objective to measure society’s progress across eleven domains of well-being, ranging from jobs, health and housing, through to civic engagement and the environment. These Guidelines represent the first attempt to provide international recommendations on collecting, publishing, and analysing subjective well-being data. They provide guidance on collecting information on people's evaluations and experiences of life, as well as on collecting “eudaimonic” measures of psychological well-being. The Guidelines also outline why measures of subjective well-being are relevant for monitoring and policy making, and why national statistical agencies have a critical role to play in enhancing the usefulness of existing measures. They identify the best approaches for measuring, in a reliable and consistent way, the various dimensions of subjective well-being, and provide guidance for reporting on such measures. The Guidelines also include a number of prototype survey modules on subjective well-being that national and international agencies can use in their surveys.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264191655-en
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  • 80
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    Trends in Poverty and Inequality in Decentralising Indonesia (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (114 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.148
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Indonesia
    Abstract: As one of the world’s largest emerging economies, Indonesia has experienced rapid economic growth and substantial reduction of poverty over the past three decades, particularly prior to the 1997-98 Asian Financial Crisis. After the crisis, Indonesia entered a new development phase that saw the fall of the Suharto government and new governance which moved highly centralised policies and powers towards a decentralised process. This research report analyses economic and social patterns and trends of poverty and inequality in Indonesia with a particular focus on the decentralisation period from 2001 to 2010.The Indonesian political and economic environment has changed significantly during this period and this had implications for individual wellbeing, regional economic prosperity and national economic growth. The report finds that in general, absolute poverty rates have continued to decline during the decentralisation period although the reduction has not been as strong as it was prior to the Asian economic crisis. In contrast, consumption inequality has increased during the same period. New estimates of growth and inequality elasticity of poverty suggest that this rising inequality has been offsetting the positive benefits of consumption growth on poverty.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k43bvt2dwjk-en
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    A Bird's Eye View of Gender Differences in Education in OECD Countries (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (43 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.149
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This paper presents an overview of gender differences in education outcomes in OECD countries. A rich set of indicators describes the improvement of educational attainment among women over the past decades, and various dimensions of male under-performance in education. Possible explanatory factors include incentives provided by changing employment opportunities for women, demographic trends, as well as the higher sensitivity of boys to disadvantaged socio-economic backgrounds. Gender differences in field of study and in performance by subject are found to be related to attitudes and self-perceptions towards academic subjects, which are in turn influenced by social norms. A number of policy options to address gender gaps are presented in the final section of the paper.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k40k706tmtb-en
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  • 82
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    Regulatory frameworks for nanotechnology in foods and medical products : summary results of a survey activity (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 52 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 4
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Nanotechnology applications have been reported across a number of specific product areas including foods and medical products, which are subject to regulatory oversight in many countries to ensure their safety and, in some cases, effectiveness. As nanotechnology develops, countries/regions have begun to develop, refine, and/or articulate regulatory approaches for foods and/or medical products, and invest in regulatory science and other research efforts to support the responsible development of nanotechnology in these areas. The OECD Working Party on Nanotechnology undertook a project to provide an inventory of regulatory approaches, legislative regimes, and government-sponsored regulatory science research and other research programmes, institutions, and infrastructure in foods and medical products that involve the application of nanotechnology. A survey was carried out and the responses are compiled and analysed in this paper.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k47w4vsb4s4-en
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    Emerging trends in biomedicine and health technology innovation : addressing the global challenge of Alzheimer's (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 6
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The economic and social impact of chronic brain disorders (CBD) such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases will become the number one public-health problem worldwide, directly affecting 100 million people by 2050. On-going demographic trends, namely ageing populations worldwide, are leading to the unprecedented expansion of consumer demand for healthcare services. Healthcare systems worldwide soon will confront a serious crisis as a result of significant growth of the healthcare market, in a climate of shrinking resources.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k44zcpt65vc-en
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  • 84
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    Dépenses publiques de soins de santé et de soins de longue durée : Une nouvelle série de projections (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (40 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Public Spending on Health and Long-term Care: A new set of projections
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
    Abstract: Ce papier présente une nouvelle série de projections des dépenses publiques de santé et de soins de longue durée jusqu’en 2060, faisant suite à une première série de projections publiées en 2006. Le papier étudie la santé et les soins de longue durée séparément ainsi que les déterminants démographiques et non-démographiques et il affine la méthodologie adoptée précédemment, en particulier, en identifiant de manière plus approfondie les déterminants sous-jacents des dépenses de santé et de soins de longue durée et en augmentant le nombre de pays couverts afin d’inclure les BRIICS. Un scénario de maîtrise des coûts et un scénario de tension sur les coûts sont élaborés ainsi qu’une analyse de sensibilité. En moyenne sur l’ensemble des pays de l’OCDE, entre 2010 et 2060, le total des dépenses de santé et de soins de longue durée devrait augmenter de 3.3 points de pourcentage de PIB dans le scénario de maîtrise des coûts et de 7.7 points de pourcentage de PIB dans un scénario de tension sur les coûts. Pour les BRIICS sur la même période, il devrait augmenter de 2.8 points de pourcentage du PIB dans le scenario de maîtrise des coûts et de 7.3 points de pourcentage dans un scenario de tension sur les coûts.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k44t7jrhrls-fr
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    Public health in an age of genomics (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 8
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report presents the findings of a research project to investigate the drivers and criteria shaping the application of genomic biotechnology to health in different national settings, and the barriers to implementation nationally and internationally. A case study approach was adopted for the project. The findings are based on the active participation in the survey of seven self-selected countries, including both OECD member and non-member countries (Finland, Israel, Luxembourg, Mexico, the United Kingdom, China and South Africa). The report outlines a number of potentially important patterns that are seen to emerge when the country case studies are set alongside one another and viewed in transnational perspective. The data, albeit based on limited evidence from a small sample of countries, suggest a significant divergence in the way that different countries are tending to adopt genomics for public health, which may have important implications for thinking about how genomic science and technology might best be employed in the interests of global public health.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k424rdzj3bx-en
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    Toward new models for innovative governance of biomedicine and health technologies (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 11
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report examines examples of new and emerging governance models that aim to support the responsible development of diagnostics and treatments based on the latest advances in biomedicine. In particular, it presents programmes and initiatives that aim to manage uncertainty in the development and approval of new medical products and thereby to improve the understanding of the risk/benefit balance. It also identifies some of the main challenges for policy makers, regulators and other communities involved in the translation of biomedical innovation and health technologies from the laboratory bench to point of care.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k3v0hljnnlr-en
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    Women Entrepreneurs in the OECD : Key Evidence and Policy Challenges (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.147
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Important gender gaps in entrepreneurship exist. Men are three times more likely than women to own a business with employees. Women rarely own large businesses and their average earnings from selfemployment are up to 60% lower than for men. Cultural norms, stereotypes and lack of role models make women less interested in an entrepreneurial career and less confident in their capacities as entrepreneurs. Other obstacles such as time shortages and the composition of their professional networks lead women to start relatively small businesses, with low levels of initial capital and bank financing. These obstacles establish a competitive disadvantage for companies owned by women, which translates in levels of labour productivity that are 5 to 30% lower than those of companies owned by men. This paper also presents examples of policy initiatives in the domains of credit, training and awareness raising that can unlock the double dividend of women’s entrepreneurship: higher empowerment of women and more productive businesses. Better data and more analysis are an essential precondition for a more effective implementation of these policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k43bvtkmb8v-en
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    Gestion des risques dans les petites exploitations agricoles des pays en développement (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (63 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Smallholder Risk Management in Developing Countries
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Development
    Abstract: Ce rapport aborde différents aspects des risques et de la gestion des risques dans les petites exploitations agricoles des pays en développement et présente une évaluation quantitative des risques et des stratégies de gestion des risques au niveau des exploitations dans trois pays émergents : le Brésil, la Chine et le Viêtnam. L’analyse couvre les risques liés à la production, aux revenus et à la pauvreté. Dans les pays en développement, les cadres institutionnels et politiques sont souvent moins élaborés, ce qui renforce l’incidence des imperfections du marché dans des domaines essentiels comme le crédit et l’assurance. Cette situation limite l’accès des agriculteurs aux instruments et stratégies de gestion des risques et les rend largement dépendants de mécanismes informels et de stratégies communautaires. Les conséquences des risques et les réponses à ces risques ne sont pas non plus les mêmes dans les pays en développement où les petits exploitants sont souvent contraints de recourir à des stratégies qui entretiennent la pauvreté. Lorsque les décisions de reconversion des ménages agricoles sont largement conditionnées par le risque, l’existence de mécanismes d’assurance ou de filets de sécurité pourrait aider ces derniers à franchir le pas. L’étude des deux régions vietnamiennes montre que les ménages qui ont intégré avec succès le secteur non agricole ont conservé des petites parcelles pour leur consommation personnelle. Cela suggère que l’agriculture reste, d’une certaine façon, un filet de sécurité.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k437p21lmd6-fr
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    Recruiting Immigrant Workers: Germany 2013 (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264189034
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.)
    Series Statement: Recruiting Immigrant Workers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Zuwanderung ausländischer Arbeitskräfte; Deutschland
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Zuwanderung ausländischer Arbeitskräfte: Deutschland
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Recruiting immigrant workers
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Deutschland ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany ; Deutschland ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Migrationspolitik ; Arbeitsmobilität
    Abstract: Recent reforms have put Germany among the OECD countries with the fewest restrictions on labour migration for highly-skilled occupations, yet inflows continue to be relatively low. As labour migration is supposed to be one means to help meet future labour and skill shortages caused by a shrinking working-age population, this book addresses the question of how to ensure that international recruitment can help meet urgent needs in the labour market which cannot be met locally. The review examines key issues in the design of the German labour migration system, on the demand side and on the supply side. German employers can recruit from abroad for any job requiring university-level qualifications. Yet even employers declaring shortages have not done so, in part, due to their insistence on German-language skills and specific qualifications, and in part to a perception that international recruitment is complex and unreliable. While the process could be made more transparent, its negative reputation is unjustified. International students appear well positioned to meet employer concerns, but Germany could do more to promote this channel for labour migration. A large part of the demand is also expected in skilled occupations requiring non-tertiary vocational training, but here, channels remain more restrictive. To address anticipated shortages in these occupations, more should be done to recruit into the dual system, and Germany’s new recognition framework could contribute to open new channels.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264189034-en
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    Policy Framework for Investment in Agriculture in Burkina Faso (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264202382
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Cadre d'action pour l'investissement agricole au Burkina Faso
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Policy framework for investment in agriculture in Burkina Faso
    Keywords: Landwirtschaft ; Investitionspolitik ; Burkina Faso ; Agriculture and Food ; Finance and Investment ; Development ; Burkina Faso ; Burkina Faso
    Abstract: Burkina Faso is the first country to apply the OECD Policy Framework for Investment in Agriculture to assess its policies to attract and benefit from investment in the sector. This whole-of-government assessment involved 17 Ministries and institutions, as well as the private sector, and has identified short- to medium-term measures to improve and strengthen the country's capacity for policy design.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264202382-en
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  • 91
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    Ageing and Employment Policies: Norway 2013 : Working Better with Age (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264201484
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ageing and employment policies
    Keywords: Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Norwegen ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Norway
    Abstract: This report provides an overview of the substantial ageing and employment policy initiatives already implemented in Norway over the past decade and identifies areas where more should be done, covering both supply-side and demand-side aspects. To give better incentives to carry on working, the report recommends further reforms in the second-pillar pension schemes, particularly for public sector employees. On the side of employers, it is important to progress towards more age-neutral hiring decisions and to review of age limits for mandatory retirement. To improve the employability of older workers, the focus should be to promote job-related training with a particular focus on mid-career workers and to encourage initiatives based on a full-time culture and good working conditions for all.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264201484-en
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    The OECD Handbook for Fisheries Managers : Principles and Practice for Policy Design (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264191150
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (104 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Manuel de l'OCDE à l'intention des gestionnaires des pêches ; Principes et pratiques d'élaboration des actions à mener
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: The Fisheries Manager's Handbook is a compilation of OECD work designed to aid policy makers develop and implement good policies and management tools in fisheries. Drawing upon years of OECD research, it demonstrates how an open policy design process with clear objectives, using market-based instruments and focussed on effective stock management can benefit all those involved in or concerned about the fisheries sector. Of interest not only to policy makers, it will provides a useful guide to NGOs and other interested parties on the principles and processes of good policy design.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264191150-en
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    Waiting Time Policies in the Health Sector : What Works? (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264179080
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (324 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Waiting time policies in the health sector
    RVK:
    QX 700
    Keywords: Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Medizinische Versorgung ; Wartezeit ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Over the past decade, many OECD countries have introduced new policies to tackle excessive waiting times for elective surgery with some success. However, in the wake of the recent economic downturn and severe pressures on public budgets, waiting times times may rise again, and it is important to understand which policies work. In addition, the European Union has introduced new regulations to allow patients to seek care in other member states, if there are long delays in treatment. This book provides a framework to understand why there are waiting lists for elective surgery in some OECD countries and not in others. It also describes how waiting times are measured in OECD countries, which differ widely, and makes recommendations for best practice. Finally, it reviews different policy approaches to tackling excessive waiting times. Some countries have introduced guarantees to patients that they will not wait too long for treatment. These policies work only if they are accompanied by sanctions on health providers to ensure the guarantee is met or if they allow greater choice of health-care providers including the private sector. Many countries have also introduced policies to expand supply of surgical services, but these policies have generally not succeeded in the long-term in bringing down waiting times. Given the increasing demand for elective surgery, some countries have experimented with policies to improve priorisation of who is entitled to elective surgery. These policies are promising, but difficult to implement.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264179080-en
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  • 94
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    OECD Guidelines for Micro Statistics on Household Wealth (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264194878
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (280 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD guidelines for micro statistics on household wealth
    Keywords: Haushaltseinkommen ; Privater Haushalt ; Konsum ; Lebensstandard ; Vermögen ; Datenerhebung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Haushalt ; Einkommen ; Lebensstandard ; Datenerhebung
    Abstract: This publication presents an internationally agreed set of guidelines for producing micro statistics on household wealth, It addresses the common conceptual, definitional and practical problems that countries face in producing such statistics, and are meant to improve the comparability of the currently available country data. The Guidelines, prepared by an international expert group working under the auspices of the OECD, propose a set of standard concepts, definitions and classifications for micro wealth statistics, and cover different phases in the statistical production process, including sources and methods for measuring particular forms of wealth, best practice in using household surveys or other sources to compile wealth statistics, the development of analytic measures, the dissemination of data, and data quality assurance.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264194878-en
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  • 95
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    Providing Agri-environmental Public Goods through Collective Action (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264197213
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (306 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La fourniture de biens publics agro-environnementaux par l'action collective
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Providing agri-environmental public goods through collective action
    Keywords: Ökologischer Landbau ; Öffentliche Güter ; Kollektives Handeln ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Fallstudiensammlung ; Industriestaaten ; Agrarpolitik ; Umweltpolitik ; Kollektives Handeln ; Öffentliches Gut
    Abstract: This study analyses the promotion of collective action for agri-environmental public goods and addresses externalities by reviewing the experience of various OECD member countries. Twenty-five cases from 13 countries (Australia, Belgium, Canada, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom) are examined. The study shows that collective action should be given serious consideration as a means of addressing many agricultural and natural resource issues, and in some cases collective action should be actively promoted.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264197213-en
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  • 96
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    Sécurité alimentaire mondiale : Défis pour le système agricole et agro-alimentaire (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264201354
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Global Food Security; Challenges for the Food and Agricultural System
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Development
    Abstract: Ce rapport examine comment les modifications du fonctionnement des secteurs alimentaires et agricoles à travers le monde peuvent contribuer à réduire la faim et à atteindre la sécurité alimentaire mondiale. Le défi est de grande ampleur et multidimensionnel. Tandis que la production alimentaire répondra aux demandes d'une population mondiale croissante et plus aisée, des politiques gouvernementales efficaces peuvent stimuler la productivité et contenir la pression à la hausse sur les prix des denrées alimentaires. Elles peuvent également aider à faire en sorte que les ressources en terre et en eau soient utilisées de manière plus durable, et à ce que les agriculteurs aient la capactité de gérer les risques et de s'adapter au changement climatique. Les échanges auront un rôle important à jouer pour garantir une utilisation efficace et durable des ressources, et pour distribuer les excédents de denrées alimentaires aux régions déficitaires. Parallèlement, des réformes multilatérales sont nécessaires pour garantir un système mondial des échanges plus efficace et plus juste qu'auparavant. Environ deux tiers de la population pauvre mondiale vit dans des régions rurales , où l'agriculture est la principale activité économique. Ce rapport examine comment les politiques gouvernementales peuvent augmenter les revenus des familles agricoles et rurales, et ainsi améliorer l'accès aux denrées alimentaires de la population pauvre. Bien que la croissance des revenus soit essentielle à la sécurité alimentaire à long terme, elle n'est pas suffisante. Des politiques complémentaires, comme l'amélioration de la santé et de l'assainissement, sont requises pour garantir une meilleure alimentation de la population. Il faut donc prendre des mesures à de nombreux niveaux. Ce rapport a pour objectif d'aider les responsables politiques à établir des priorités au niveau mondial, régional et national.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264201354-fr
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  • 97
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    Watermelons : = Pastèques (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264178960
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (76 p.)
    Series Statement: International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: This book is published within the framework of the Scheme for the Application of International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables established by OECD in 1962. It provides explanatory notes and illustrations to facilitate the uniform interpretation of the current watermelons standard. This new brochure illustrates the standard text and demonstrates the quality parameters on high quality photographs. Thus it is a valuable tool for the inspection authorities, professional bodies and traders interested in international trade in watermelons. The brochure also includes a USB key containing the hyperlinked electronic version of the publication, as well as all illustrative materials in high definition photographs.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264178960-en-fr
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  • 98
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    Mental Health and Work: Sweden (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264188730
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Sweden
    Abstract: Tackling mental ill-health of the working-age population is becoming a key issue for labour market and social policies in OECD countries. OECD governments increasingly recognise that policy has a major role to play in keeping people with mental ill-health in employment or bringing those outside of the labour market back to it, and in preventing mental illness. This report on Sweden is the second in a series of reports looking at how the broader education, health, social and labour market policy challenges identified in Sick on the Job? Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (OECD, 2012) are being tackled in a number of OECD countries. It concludes that Swedish policy makers recognise the need to take steps to tackle mental ill-health and its labour market implications, but that a more comprehensive reform effort and a long-term commitment to it is needed in order to prevent problems from arising in the first place and respond more effectively when they do occur.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264188730-en
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  • 99
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    Strengthening Health Information Infrastructure for Health Care Quality Governance : Good Practices, New Opportunities and Data Privacy Protection Challenges (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264193505
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Strengthening health information infrastructure for health care quality governance
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; OECD ; Gesundheitswesen ; Medizinische Informatik ; Medizinische Versorgung
    Abstract: Health data constitutes a significant resource in most OECD countries that could be used to improve population health, the quality of health care and the performance of health systems. Rising levels of chronic diseases; concerns about the quality and safety of patient care; the need to assure value for investments in health care; and the need to allocate health resources wisely; are all too important to be left without good evidence for decision making. This book, based on studies of 19 countries on the development and use of personal health data and of 25 countries on development and use of electronic health record systems, includes results showing good practices, new opportunities and data privacy protection challenges. It finds that well-intended policies to allay concerns about breaches of confidentiality and potential misuse of personal health data may be limiting data use, but that the next five years appear promising, in terms of both the number of countries that plan to implement national electronic health record systems and the number that consider it likely that data from these systems will be used for some aspects of health care quality monitoring. They also appear promising for the further use of existing personal health databases and for the linkage of multiple data sources to generate new evidence.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264193505-en
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  • 100
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    Gleichstellung der Geschlechter : Zeit zu handeln (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264190344
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (288 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Closing the Gender Gap; Act Now
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Inégalités hommes-femmes ; Il est temps d'agir
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Cerrando las brechas de género ; Es hora de actuar
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Closing the Gender Gap; Act Now (Korean version)
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Geschlechtsspezifische Ungleichheiten machen sich in allen Bereichen des Wirtschaftslebens bemerkbar und bedeuten sowohl für die betroffenen Personen als auch für die Volkswirtschaft insgesamt hohe Verluste in Form von entgangener Produktivität und niedrigeren Lebensstandards. Dieser neue OECD-Bericht befasst sich mit Lösungsansätzen zur Beseitigung dieser geschlechtsspezifischen Ungleichheiten unter folgenden thematischen Gesichtspunkten: Geschlechtergleichstellung, soziale Normen und öffentliche Politik sowie Geschlechtergleichstellung in Bildung, Berufsleben und Unternehmertum. Die Kernaussagen lauten: ? Die Verbesserung der Geschlechtergleichheit beim Bildungsniveau hat einen stark positiven Effekt auf das Wirtschaftswachstum. ? Geschlechterstereotypen muss schon im jungen Alter bei den Bildungsentscheidungen in der Schule entgegengewirkt werden. So sollten beispielsweise Unterrichtsmethoden und -materialien angepasst werden, um Jungen stärker für das Lesen und Mädchen stärker für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften zu begeistern; Mädchen sollten ermutigt werden, verstärkt naturwissenschaftliche, ingenieurwissenschaftliche und mathematische Studienfächer zu wählen und eine Berufstätigkeit in diesen Bereichen anzustreben. ? Gute und bezahlbare Kinderbetreuung ist ein ausschlaggebender Faktor für die Verbesserung der Geschlechtergleichstellung im Berufsleben. Veränderungen sind jedoch auch im familiären Kontext notwendig, da der überwiegende Teil der Hausarbeit und Kindererziehung in vielen Ländern immer noch von den Frauen geleistet wird. Diese Veränderungen können von der Politik unterstützt werden, beispielsweise durch Elternurlaubsregelungen, die Väter explizit einschließen. ? Fördermaßnahmen für Unternehmen in Frauenbesitz müssen auf alle Unternehmen, nicht nur auf Neugründungen und Kleinbetriebe, ausgerichtet werden. Es muss ein gleichberechtigter Zugang zu Finanzierungsmitteln für männliche und weibliche Unternehmer gewährleistet werden.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264190344-de
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