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  • 2015-2019  (1,598)
  • 2018  (1,598)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (877)
  • Cham : Springer International Publishing AG  (721)
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Year
Author, Corporation
Publisher
Keywords
Subjects(RVK)
  • 1
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Connecting with emigrants : a global profile of diasporas ... (from 2012-)
    Paris : OECD Publishing ; 2012 -
    Details
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 2012 -
    DDC: 380
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Migration ; Minderheit
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Journal/Serial
    KOBV
  • 2
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Connecting with emigrants : a global profile of diasporas ... (from 2012-)
    Paris : OECD Publishing ; 2012 -
    Details
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 2012 -
    DDC: 380
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Migration ; Minderheit
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Journal/Serial
    BSZ
    GBV
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A long-term perspective on the development experience of emerging and industrialised economies (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD statistics working papers 2018, 10
    Keywords: 1820 - 2010 ; Lebensqualität ; Bruttoinlandsprodukt ; Wirtschaftsgeschichte ; Vergleich ; Welt ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper describes development patterns beyond GDP in a long-term historical perspective. It revisits the discussion on the goals of development in light of the current discussions on ‘Beyond GDP’, provides evidence on GDP and well-being outcomes since 1820 in a broad range of developing and emerging countries, and compares the experience of early industrialising countries and more recently emerging ones.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/ad930641-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Towards global SEEA Air Emission Accounts : description and evaluation of the OECD methodology to estimate SEEA Air Emission Accounts for CO2, CH4 and N2O in Annex-I countries to the UNFCCC (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD statistics working papers 2018, 11
    Keywords: Luftverschmutzung ; Island ; Japan ; Kasachstan ; Neuseeland ; Russland ; Ukraine ; USA ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper describes and evaluates the OECD methodology to estimate Air Emission Accounts (AEAs) for carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), in line with the System of Environmental Economic Accounting (SEEA).
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/7d88dfdd-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Assessing the economic valuation of the benefits of regulating chemicals : lessons learned from five case studies (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 15 Seiten)
    Series Statement: OECD environment working papers no. 136
    Keywords: Chemikalienrecht ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Gesundheit ; Ökosystem ; Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse ; Environment ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur ; Fallstudie
    Abstract: This paper reviews and compares five case studies on quantification and economic valuation of benefits in cost-benefit analyses (CBAs) of regulating phthalates, mercury, PFOA (perfluoro-octanic acid) and its salts, NMP (1 methyl-2-pyrroloidine) and formaldehyde. The case studies had all been carried out as part of the SACAME project, and the purpose of the present paper is to draw out cross-cutting findings from these studies.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/9a061350-en
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Clean power for a cool planet : electricity infrastructure plans and the Paris Agreement (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD environment working papers no. 140
    Keywords: Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Nachhaltige Energieversorgung ; Energieinfrastruktur ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Umweltabkommen ; Welt ; Environment ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Meeting the temperature goals of the Paris Agreement requires a transformational change in our infrastructure systems. Given the long lifetime of infrastructure, there is an urgency to build more of the right type of it. The failure to do so will lock-in emissions for decades to come, or create stranded assets. This working paper aims to shed light on the extent to which current electricity generation projects under construction at the global level - the "pipeline" - are consistent with what a low-carbon transition requires.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/2dc84376-en
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Diversity statistics in the OECD : how do OECD countries collect data on ethnic, racial and indigenous identity? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 56 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD statistics working papers 2018, 9
    Keywords: Ethnische Vielfalt ; Indigene Völker ; Mobilität ; Lebensqualität ; Datenerhebung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Data on ethnic, racial and indigenous identity can help render certain minorities statistically visible, and expose potential discrimination and inequalities. This paper systematically reviews diversity data collection practices in OECD countries and selected key partners and identifies three common challenges: the legal treatment of ‘sensitive’ data and concerns around privacy; the use of different data sources for different policy purposes; and issues of comparability over time since identities are dynamic and multiple constructs. When relevant, recommendations and best practices to improve diversity data are put forward. These include: expanding the collection of data on ethnic and racial identities where legal frameworks permit; ensuring the representation of hard-to-reach populations such as indigenous communities; developing national diversity statistical standards to standardise information and allow linking data across sources; raising the timeliness and policy relevance of diversity data by including questions in both regular sample surveys and population censuses; and involving communities in the data collection process.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/89bae654-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Skills on the Move : Migrants in the Survey of Adult Skills (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264307353 , 9789264309456 , 9789264309449
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Skills on the move
    Keywords: Migranten ; Arbeitsmigranten ; Qualifikation ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Migration has been at the centre of political debate across the OECD in recent years. Drawing on data from the OECD Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC), this report provides new evidence on differences in migrants’ characteristics and contexts and considers how these relate to the skills migrants possess. It also examines the relationship between migrants’ skills and their labour and non-labour market outcomes in host countries. Finally, it sheds new light on how migrants’ skills are developed, used and valued in host country labour markets and societies. Results and lessons gleaned from analysis highlight the way forward for future research on this topic. The report represents an invaluable resource for policy makers across different sectors as they design and implement strategies aimed at promoting the long-term integration of foreign-born populations in the economic and social life of their countries. The analyses presented allow us to identify the skill composition of foreign-born populations, the labour market and broader social outcomes associated with such skills, and the factors that can promote skill acquisition and skill use.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264307353-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Integrating Urban Public Transport Systems and Cycling : Summary and Conclusions (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282117514
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (44 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Roundtable Reports no.166
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Sustainable urban transport systems require alternatives to the use of private cars that are competitive in terms of convenience and flexibility as well as cost. Mass transit systems are the central component but extension of heavy rail and metro systems is costly and these can never reach every part of the city. This report examines other options for improving public transport and extending network coverage.
    DOI: 10.1787/bd177112-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Mediterranean Middle East and North Africa 2018 : Interim Assessment of Key SME Reforms (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264304161 , 9789264306653 , 9789264306646
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: SME Policy Index
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال أفريقيا المتوسطية 2018: التقييم المرحلي للإصلاحات المتعلقة بالمشاريع الصغيرة والمتوسطة الحجم
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Politiques en faveur des PME : Moyen-Orient méditerranéen et Afrique du Nord 2018 : Évaluation intermédiaire des principales réformes en faveur des PME
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The Mediterranean Middle East and North Africa 2018
    Keywords: 2018 ; KMU ; Mittelstandspolitik ; MENA-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Development ; Trade ; Industry and Services ; MENA-Region ; Mittelstandspolitik ; Reform
    Abstract: This report provides an in-depth analysis of major reforms undertaken between 2014 and 2018 to promote micro, small and medium-sized enterprise development in Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, the Palestinian Authority and Tunisia. The report focuses on five strategic areas for SME policy making: SME definitions, statistics and institutions; improving business environments for SMEs and entrepreneurs; fostering access to finance; nurturing start-ups and SME growth; and the development of entrepreneurial human capital. The report aims to showcase good practices and to point to areas where more efforts are needed. It provides valuable guidance for governments, private sector organisations, multilateral bodies and other stakeholders to intensify their efforts to support SMEs as essential vehicles for jobs and competitiveness. This is particularly relevant in a region striving to boost economic diversification, employment creation and the inclusion of youth and women in the economy. The report is the result of a process of close collaboration among governments, the OECD, the European Training Foundation and the European Commission.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264304161-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Essai n° 319A : Détermination de la clairance intrinsèque in vitro sur des hépatocytes de truite arc en ciel (rt-hep) cryoconservés (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264303225
    Language: French
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 3
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Test No. 319A: Determination of in vitro intrinsic clearance using cryopreserved rainbow trout hepatocytes (RT-HEP)
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: La présente Ligne directrice (LD) décrit l’utilisation d’hépatocytes de truite arc-en-ciel Oncorhynchus mykiss (RT-HEP) cryoconservés afin de déterminer la clairance intrinsèque in vitro (CL, IN VITRO, INT) du produit chimique testé, par une approche fondée sur la déplétion du substrat. La réaction est déclenchée par l’addition du produit chimique testé à la suspension. Pour collecter des échantillons à différents points dans le temps, on arrête la réaction en transférant des aliquotes de la suspension dans une solution d’arrêt. La diminution de la concentration de produit chimique testé dans les échantillons provenant du flacon d’incubation est mesurée par une méthode analytique validée, et utilisée pour déterminer la CL IN VITRO, INT. La valeur obtenue peut alors être utilisée pour améliorer les prédictions in silico de la bioaccumulation du produit chimique chez le poisson.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264303225-fr
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Connectivity and City Clusters : Summary and Conclusions (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282188736
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (41 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Roundtable Reports no.173
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: This report presents international experience and lessons learned from integrated transport development in large-scale urban regions and city clusters. It serves as an input to discussions around city cluster development in China and other emerging economies. First, it assesses how regional urbanisation delivers socio-economic benefits via both agglomeration and network externalities. It then examines differences in how these benefits are delivered in single versus clustered city networks. The role of governance structures and how they might best be adapted to ensure positive outcomes is also discussed. Finally, the report addresses the potential for reforming local government financing mechanisms in China in order to guide urban growth in a sustainable manner.
    DOI: 10.1787/fc3db0be-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pharmaceutical Innovation and Access to Medicines (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264307391 , 9789264311145 , 9789264311329
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Pharmaceutical innovation and access to medicines
    DDC: 330
    Keywords: Pharmaindustrie ; Arzneimittel ; Industrieforschung ; Innovation ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Arzneimittelmarkt ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Amtliche Publikation ; Arzneimittelentwicklung ; Gesundheitspolitik
    Abstract: This report reviews the important role of medicines in health systems, describes recent trends in pharmaceutical expenditure and financing, and summarises the approaches used by OECD countries to determine coverage and pricing. It then highlights current issues for policy makers, such as the increasing prices of new medicines; concerns about the value of spending in some therapeutic areas; challenges in anticipating the arrival of very effective medicines for highly prevalent diseases; sharp price increases in off-patent products; and the apparent misalignment of current incentives for the development of treatments for certain conditions. The report also describes the role of the biopharmaceutical industry in OECD economies, examines the process of pharmaceutical R&D and its financing, and looks at the risks, costs and return from R&D investment for the industry. Examining trends in the industry over time, it shows that productivity of R&D expenditure has declined; that the duration of market exclusivity has remained relatively stable; that new medicines are increasingly being developed for small patient populations; and that the industry as a whole has remained highly profitable for investors. Lastly, the report presents a range of policy options for consideration by policy makers, to support the development of effective and co-ordinated responses to the identified challenges.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264307391-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Territorial Reviews: The Megaregion of Western Scandinavia (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264290679
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (260 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD territorial reviews
    Keywords: Regionalentwicklung ; Regionalpolitik ; Regionalplanung ; Norwegen ; Schweden (West) ; Schweden (Süd) ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Economics ; Norway ; Sweden ; Skandinavien West ; Landesplanung ; Regionalentwicklung
    Abstract: In an increasingly globalised world, cities and regions sometimes join forces with their neighbours to form "megaregions" and tap economies of scale. This report discusses how eight cities and counties in Norway and Sweden - along the coast joining up Oslo, Gothenburg and Malmö - have decided to work closer together as the megaregion of “Western Scandinavia”. With a total population of about 5 million inhabitants, this cross-border territory shows good potential to draw on its growing economic and cultural interlinkages, as well as its long history of institutional collaboration, to build a stronger, more sustainable and more inclusive megaregion. The report encourages local authorities to identify a common vision for their shared future development and to take concrete action towards implementing it. It also calls for national governments to tackle the challenges of cross-border transport planning to facilitate greener mobility and more inclusive labour markets.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264290679-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Road and Rail Infrastructure in Asia : Investing in Quality (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264302563 , 9789264308312 , 9789264308329
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (148 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: The Development Dimension
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Road and rail infrastructure in Asia
    Keywords: Verkehrsinfrastruktur ; Schienenstrecke ; Straße ; Infrastrukturinvestition ; Asien ; Schwellenländer ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Transport ; Economics
    Abstract: Road and Rail Infrastructure in Asia: Investing in Quality discusses the challenges facing the region and possible policy options, including those previously or currently used in Emerging Asian countries, with reference to the experiences of OECD member countries. It provides analysis and recommendations for the region’s policy makers to consider in their efforts to improve the quality of infrastructure. In particular, it highlights the importance of considering the spill-over effects of infrastructure in investment decisions. A comprehensive infrastructure impact evaluation does not simply consider the financial feasibility of an individual project, but attempts to judge the full extent of the externalities of planned investments, looking at the positive and negative economic, social and environmental effects over different time periods. The report first presents project case studies, illustrating how policy makers have incorporated the principles of quality infrastructure. It then examines the local economic impact of infrastructure, the role of local governments in infrastructure development and the benefits and challenges of their involvement. It then goes on to discuss different infrastructure financing options including funding from public and private sectors, as well as public-private partnerships, and concludes with a focus on fostering improved alignment between national development strategies and infrastructure planning.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264302563-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cycling Safety : Summary and Conclusions (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282191620
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (38 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Roundtable Reports no.168
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: This report summarises the findings of an ITF Roundtable on Cycling Safety held in April 2018 with 33 researchers and practitioners from 16 countries. Cycling has a net positive effect on public health, despite the risk of injury it is often associated with. Policy makers are nonetheless concerned that increasing numbers of cyclists carries a risk of more traffic injuries and fatalities. Uncertainties also exist regarding the safety record of e-bikes and bike share systems.
    DOI: 10.1787/7f4da6f4-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Essai n° 319B : Détermination de la clairance intrinsèque in vitro sur la fraction subcellulaire S9 du foie de truite arc-en-ciel (RT-S9) (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264303249
    Language: French
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 3
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Test No. 319B: Determination of in vitro intrinsic clearance using rainbow trout liver S9 sub-cellular fraction (RT-S9)
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: La présente Ligne directrice (LD) décrit l’utilisation de la fraction subcellulaire S9 du foie de truite arc-en-ciel (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (RT-S9) afin de déterminer la clairance intrinsèque in vitro (CL IN VITRO, INT) du produit chimique testé, par une approche fondée sur la déplétion du substrat. La réaction est déclenchée par l’addition du produit chimique testé dans le milieu d’incubation contenant le RT-S9. Pour collecter des échantillons à différents points dans le temps, on arrête la réaction en transférant des aliquotes du milieu d’incubation dans une solution d’arrêt. La diminution de la concentration de produit chimique testé dans les échantillons provenant du flacon d’incubation est mesurée par une méthode analytique validée, et utilisée pour déterminer la CL IN VITRO, INT. La valeur obtenue peut alors être utilisée pour améliorer les prédictions in silico de la bioaccumulation du produit chimique chez le poisson.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264303249-fr
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Digital Government Review of Colombia : Towards a Citizen-Driven Public Sector (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264291867
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (132 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Revisión del Gobierno Digital en Colombia : Hacia un Sector Público Impulsado por el Ciudadano
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Digital government review of Colombia
    Keywords: E-Government ; Kolumbien ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Colombia ; Kolumbien ; E-Government ; Bürgerbeteiligung
    Abstract: This review analyses the shift from e-government to digital government in Colombia. It looks at the governance framework for digital government, the use of digital platforms and open data to engage and collaborate with citizens, conditions for a data-driven public sector, and policy coherence in a context of significant regional disparities. It provides concrete policy recommendations on how digital technologies and data can be harnessed for citizen-driven policy making and public service delivery.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264291867-en
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Aruba 2018 (Second Round) : Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264306042
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (104 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Aruba 2018 (second round)
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Aruba ; Taxation ; Aruba
    Abstract: This report contains the 2018 Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request of Aruba.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264306042-en
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  • 20
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    Online Resource
    Verhinderung der künstlichen Umgehung des Betriebsstättenstatus, Aktionspunkt 7 – Abschlussbericht 2015 (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264287334
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (48 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Projekt Gewinnverkürzung und Gewinnverlagerung
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Preventing the Artificial Avoidance of Permanent Establishment Status, Action 7 - 2015 Final Report
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Impedir la exclusión fraudulenta del estatus de establecimiento permanente, Acción 7 – Informe final 2015
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Empêcher les mesures visant à éviter artificiellement le statut d'établissement stable, Action 7 - Rapport final 2015
    Keywords: Taxation
    Abstract: Dieser Bericht enthält die Änderungen der Betriebsstättendefinition des OECD-Musterabkommens, mit denen Strategien zur Vermeidung einer steuerpflichtigen Präsenz in einem Staat im Kontext von Doppelbesteuerungsabkommen begegnet werden soll. Diese Änderungen werden gewährleisten, dass im Fall eines Intermediärs, der in einem Staat Tätigkeiten im Hinblick auf den regulären Abschluss von Verträgen nachgeht, die von einem ausländischen Unternehmen erfüllt werden sollen, von einer steuerpflichtigen Präsenz dieses Unternehmens im betreffenden Staat auszugehen ist, sofern der Intermediär diese Tätigkeiten nicht im Rahmen einer unabhängigen Geschäftstätigkeit ausübt. Außerdem werden die Änderungen dafür sorgen, dass die Ausnahmen von der Betriebsstättendefinition nur auf Tätigkeiten angewendet werden können, die vorbereitender Art sind oder Hilfstätigkeiten darstellen. So wird verhindert, dass diese Ausnahmen ausgenutzt werden, indem eine zusammenhängende Geschäftstätigkeit in mehrere kleinere Tätigkeiten aufgespalten wird. Darüber hinaus begegnen sie Situationen, in denen die für Bauausführungen geltende Ausnahme durch die Aufteilung von Verträgen auf eng verbundene Unternehmen missbraucht wird.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264287334-de
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    PISA for Development Assessment and Analytical Framework : Reading, Mathematics and Science (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264305274
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: PISA
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als PISA for development assessment and analytical framework
    Keywords: Bildungsniveau ; Schüler ; Vergleich ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Education ; PISA-Studie ; Lesefähigkeit ; Mathematikunterricht ; Naturwissenschaftlicher Unterricht
    Abstract: “What is important for citizens to know and be able to do?” The OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) seeks to answer that question through the most comprehensive and rigorous international assessment of student knowledge and skills. As more countries join its ranks, PISA is evolving to successfully cater for a larger and more diverse group of participants. The OECD launched the PISA for Development initiative in 2014 to support evidence-based policy making globally and offer universal tools in monitoring progress towards the Education Sustainable Development Goal. Spanning six years, this unique pilot project aims to make the assessment more accessible and relevant to a wider range of countries, while maintaining the overall PISA framework and accordance with PISA’s technical standards and usual practices. The PISA for Development Assessment and Analytical Framework presents the conceptual foundations of the project, and covers reading, mathematics and science. PISA for Development has a school-based component and an out-of-school one. For the school-based component, a questionnaire about students’ background is distributed to all participating students. School principals complete a school questionnaire that describes the school, its students and teachers, and the learning environment. Teachers also complete a questionnaire about themselves, the school’s resources, their teaching practice and their students. The out-of-school respondents complete a background questionnaire, and their parent (or person most knowledgeable about them) answers a questionnaire about the youth’s background and childhood experiences. A household observation questionnaire is completed by the interviewer, and information about the location of the household is collected by PISA for Development National Centres. Nine countries participated in the PISA for Development assessment: Bhutan, Cambodia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Panama, Paraguay, Senegal and Zambia.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264305274-en
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    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Saint Kitts and Nevis 2018 (Second Round) : Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264306141
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (132 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Saint Kitts and Nevis 2018 (second round)
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; St. Kitts und Nevis ; Taxation ; Saint Kitts and Nevis
    Abstract: This report contains the 2018 Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request of Saint Kitts and Nevis.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264306141-en
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  • 23
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    Public Procurement in Nuevo León, Mexico : Promoting Efficiency through Centralisation and Professionalisation (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264288225 , 9789264290792 , 9789264298279
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (284 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Contratación pública en Nuevo León, México : Promoviendo la eficiencia por medio de la centralización y la profesionalización
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Public procurement in Nuevo León, Mexico
    Keywords: Öffentlicher Auftrag ; Nuevo León ; Governance ; Mexico ; Nuevo León ; Öffentliche Beschaffung
    Abstract: This review examines the ongoing public procurement reforms in Nuevo León, Mexico: both the progress achieved so far and the many challenges that remain. It discusses the benefits of further centralisation of public procurement activities for goods and services, greater aggregation, and a shift in administrative culture from excessive formality toward strategic public procurement and value for money. The review provides concrete proposals addressing every aspect of the procurement lifecycle, from planning and market consultations to contract management.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264288225-en
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  • 24
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    Open Government Data Report : Enhancing Policy Maturity for Sustainable Impact (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264305847
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (264 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Rapport sur les données ouvertes publiques : Encourager la maturité des politiques de données ouvertes pour un impact durable
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Open government data report
    Keywords: E-Government ; Daten ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; OECD ; Open Data ; Regierung ; E-Government ; Geschichte 2013-2017
    Abstract: This report provides an overview of the state of open data policies across OECD member and partner countries, based on data collected through the OECD Open Government Data survey (2013, 2014, 2016/17), country reviews and comparative analysis. The report analyses open data policies using an analytical framework that is in line with the OECD OUR data Index and the International Open Data Charter. It assesses governments’ efforts to enhance the availability, accessibility and re-use of open government data. It makes the case that beyond countries’ commitment to open up good quality government data, the creation of public value requires engaging user communities from the entire ecosystem, such as journalists, civil society organisations, entrepreneurs, major tech private companies and academia. The report also underlines how open data policies are elements of broader digital transformations, and how public sector data policies require interaction with other public sector agendas such as open government, innovation, employment, integrity, public budgeting, sustainable development, urban mobility and transport. It stresses the relevance of measuring open data impacts in order to support the business case for open government data.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264305847-en
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  • 25
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    Mobilising Finance for Climate Action in Georgia (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264289727
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (92 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Green Finance and Investment
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Mobilising finance for climate action in Georgia
    Keywords: Klimaschutz ; Klimapolitik ; Umweltschutzinvestition ; Finanzierung ; Georgien ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Georgia
    Abstract: This report discusses key issues surrounding finance mobilisation for achieving Georgia’s climate change and green growth targets, and new investment opportunities for developing its capital market. The report focuses particularly on finance for climate change mitigation from various sources – private and public, national and international – but remains relevant for other issues around the country’s green growth agenda, such as energy productivity, air pollution prevention, climate change adaptation, better waste management, conservation of natural resources, and the technologies and innovations that help tackle these issues.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264289727-en
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  • 26
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    Safety Management Systems : Summary and Conclusions (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282198940
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (63 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Roundtable Reports no.172
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Safety Management Systems (SMS) helps managers better monitor and understand the safety performance of their organisation. Increasingly prevalent in the past two decades, SMS provide a rigorous framework for analysing hazards and controlling risks. This report reviews the history and the workings of SMS and addresses the role of the regulator in an SMS environment. It discusses how to overcome obstacles to SMS implementation, introduces resilience engineering as a way to measure the effectiveness of SMS and finally examines how accident investigations can help address deficiencies in the SMS. Many of the concepts and notions brought forward in this report apply equally to all modes of transport as well as any industry that operates with inherent hazards that can lead to safety risks.
    DOI: 10.1787/d5fda9c4-en
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  • 27
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    OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies: Lithuania (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264189935
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD reviews of labour market and social policies
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarkt ; Arbeitsmarktsegmentation ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Arbeitsmarktflexibilität ; Arbeitsmigranten ; Arbeitnehmerschutz ; Sozialpolitik ; Litauen ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Lithuania
    Abstract: Lithuania has undergone major economic and social change since the early 1990s. Despite an exceptionally deep recession following the global financial crisis, impressive economic growth over the past two decades has narrowed income and productivity gaps relative to comparable countries in the OECD. But Lithuania faces a massive demographic challenge, mostly as a result of large and persistent emigration driven primarily by low wages and poor working conditions. Income inequality is also very high, and households at the bottom of the income distribution have recently benefited very little from the recovery. Major reforms of the labour code, the unemployment insurance system, employment policies and pensions were recently undertaken within the New Social Model to improve labour maket adaptibility and income security. This report provides comprehensive analysis of Lithuania’s policies and practices compared with best practice in the field of labour, social and migration from the OECD countries. It contains several recommendations to tackle key challenges facing Lithuania. This report will be of interest in Lithuania as well as other countries looking to promote a more inclusive economy.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264189935-en
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    Governance Frameworks to Counter Illicit Trade (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264291652
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (244 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Illicit Trade
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Governance frameworks to counter illicit trade
    Keywords: Illegaler Handel ; Regulierung ; Rechtsdurchsetzung ; Welt ; BRICS-Staaten ; Governance ; Trade ; Brazil ; China, People’s Republic ; India ; Russian Federation ; South Africa ; Schwarzhandel ; Fälschung ; Marktregelung
    Abstract: This report examines governance frameworks to counter illicit trade. It looks at the adequacy and effectiveness of sanctions and penalties applicable, the steps parties engaged in illicit trade take to lower the risk of detection - for example through small shipments - and the use of free trade zones as hubs for managing trade in illicit products. It also identifies gaps in enforcement that may need to be addressed. The report provides an overview of selected enforcement issues in BRICS economies (Brazil, China, India, the Russian Federation and South Africa).
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264291652-en
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  • 29
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    Verhinderung der Gewährung von Abkommens-vergünstigungen in unangemessenen Fällen, Aktionspunkt 6 – Abschlussbericht 2015 (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264304390
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (108 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Projekt Gewinnverkürzung und Gewinnverlagerung
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Impedir la utilización abusiva de convenios fiscales, Acción 6 – Informe final 2015
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Empêcher l'octroi inapproprié des avantages des conventions fiscales, Action 6 - Rapport final 2015
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Preventing the Granting of Treaty Benefits in Inappropriate Circumstances, Action 6 - 2015 Final Report
    Keywords: Taxation ; Economics
    Abstract: Die Bekämpfung von Gewinnverkürzung und Gewinnverlagerung (BEPS) ist Staaten weltweit ein zentrales Anliegen. 2013 verabschiedeten die OECD- und G20-Staaten in gleichberechtigter Zusammenarbeit einen 15-Punkte-Aktionsplan gegen BEPS. Diese Publikation ist der Abschlussbericht zu Punkt 6.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264304390-de
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    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: United Kingdom 2018 (Second Round) : Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264306189
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (156 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: United Kingdom 2018 (second round)
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Großbritannien ; Taxation ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: This report contains the 2018 Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request of United Kingdom.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264306189-en
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    Equity in Education : Breaking Down Barriers to Social Mobility (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264073234 , 9789264306967 , 9789264306950
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: PISA
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Equity in education
    Keywords: Bildungschancen ; Soziale Mobilität ; Australien ; Kanada ; Dänemark ; Schweiz ; USA ; Education ; Bildung ; Chancengleichheit ; Soziale Mobilität
    Abstract: In times of growing economic inequality, improving equity in education becomes more urgent. While some countries and economies that participate in the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) have managed to build education systems where socio-economic status makes less of a difference to students’ learning and well-being, every country can do more. Equity in Education: Breaking Down Barriers to Social Mobility shows that high performance and more positive attitudes towards schooling among disadvantaged 15-year-old students are strong predictors of success in higher education and work later on. The report examines how equity in education has evolved over several cycles of the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). It identifies the policies and practices that can help disadvantaged students succeed academically and feel more engaged at school. Using longitudinal data from five countries (Australia, Canada, Denmark, Switzerland, and the United States), the report also describes the links between a student’s performance near the end of compulsory education and upward social mobility – i.e. attaining a higher level of education or working in a higher-status job than one’s parents.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264073234-en
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    Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE : Hongrie 2018 (Version abrégée) (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264306721
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (50 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Hungary 2018
    Keywords: Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Hungary
    Abstract: La Hongrie a notablement progressé dans le découplage des principales pressions environnementales par rapport à la croissance de la production, ce qui tient en grande partie à la mise en œuvre des directives de l’UE. Les émissions de gaz à effet de serre sont toutefois reparties à la hausse sous l’effet du récent rebond de l’activité économique. Il n’y a pas eu d’amélioration significative de la qualité de l’air, et des risques continuent de peser sur la qualité de l’eau. D’importantes difficultés institutionnelles font obstacle à une application plus efficace du droit et des politiques de l’environnement. La Hongrie pourrait accélérer la transition vers une économie plus verte et bas carbone, notamment en investissant dans l’efficacité énergétique du secteur résidentiel et dans la gestion rationnelle des déchets et des matières, ainsi qu’en assurant une prise en compte plus systématique de la protection de la biodiversité dans les politiques économiques sectorielles. Ceci est le troisième Examen environnemental de la Hongrie. Il évalue les avancées du pays en matière de développement durable et de croissance verte, et comporte des chapitres spéciaux consacrés aux déchets, à la gestion des matières et à l’économie circulaire, ainsi qu’à la biodiversité. Cette version abrégée contient le résumé, ainsi que l’évaluation et les recommandations officielles du rapport, issues des trois chapitres sur les tendances et développements récents, la gouvernance, la croissance verte, ainsi que des deux chapitres détaillés sur les déchets, la gestion des matières et l’économie circulaire, et sur la biodiversité. La version intégrale du rapport est disponible en anglais sur le site de l’OCDE.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264306721-fr
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    OECD Urban Policy Reviews: Viet Nam (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264286191
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Urban Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD urban policy reviews
    Keywords: Stadtentwicklung ; Nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung ; Urbanisierung ; Kommunalpolitik ; Vietnam ; Environment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Economics ; Viet Nam ; Vietnam ; Kommunalpolitik ; Stadtentwicklung
    Abstract: This report provides a comprehensive assessment of Viet Nam’s urban policies and analyses how national spatial planning for urban areas, along with specific sectoral policies, directly and indirectly affect Viet Nam’s urban development. It points to a number of policy areas which Viet Nam can tap into, in order to fully capitalise on the unique opportunities that its urbanisation process may bring about, including urban transport, housing, land, the quality of urban environment, and urban green growth. The review also assesses the efficiency and effectiveness of current urban governance arrangements, and makes recommendations for Viet Nam to develop an attractive and well-managed system of large and medium-sized cities, thereby contributing to achieving its sustainable development objectives.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264286191-en
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    Financing climate futures : rethinking infrastructure (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264308114
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (132 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Financing climate futures
    DDC: 330
    Keywords: Klimaschutz ; Infrastrukturfinanzierung ; Welt ; Energy ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Agrarweltmarkt ; Energieweltwirtschaft ; Klimaschutz ; Weltbevölkerung ; Weltlandwirtschaft
    Abstract: Infrastructure worldwide has suffered from chronic under-investment for decades and currently makes up more than 60% of greenhouse gas emissions. A deep transformation of existing infrastructure systems is needed for both climate and development, one that includes systemic conceptual and behavioural changes in the ways in which we manage and govern our societies and economies. This report is a joint effort by the OECD, UN Environment and the World Bank Group, supported by the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety. It focuses on how governments can move beyond the current incremental approach to climate action and more effectively align financial flows with climate and development priorities. The report explores six key transformative areas that will be critical to align financial flows with low-emission and resilient societies (planning, innovation, public budgeting, financial systems, development finance, and cities) and looks at how rapid socio-economic and technological developments, such as digitalisation, can open new pathways to low-emission, resilient futures.
    Note: Literaturangaben , Acrobat Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264308114-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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    SME and Entrepreneurship Policy in Kazakhstan 2018 (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264301450
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als SME and entrepreneurship policy in Kazakhstan 2018
    Keywords: 2018 ; KMU ; Unternehmer ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Mittelstandspolitik ; Kasachstan ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Industry and Services ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Entrepreneurship
    Abstract: The government of Kazakhstan has set an objective to substantially increase the contribution of SMEs and entrepreneurs to employment and value added in the economy. Although there are large numbers of SMEs and entrepreneurs in the country, achieving this growth will require a step change in the productivity of existing SMEs and the emergence of many more medium-sized and growth-oriented firms. This report shows the important achievements of the government in creating a clear vision and structures for SME and entrepreneurship policy, including major improvements in business regulations and through the introduction of the Business Road Map 2020 programme offering direct supports to SMEs and entrepreneurs in areas such as financing and infrastructure. It also highlights the current challenge of doing more to strengthen management capabilities, skills, and innovation in SMEs and new enterprises, and makes a range of specific recommendations for policy actions including further building the incubator and Entrepreneurship Support Centre infrastructure, introducing dedicated support for high-growth potential enterprises, and stimulating supply chain linkages around foreign director investors.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264301450-en
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    Cooperative Mobility Systems and Automated Driving : Summary and Conclusions (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282115459
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (34 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Roundtable Reports no.167
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Automated vehicles could make roads safer as well as reduce congestion. Whether society will be able to capture these benefits while minimising negative impacts depends on effective regulation of self-driving vehicles. The technology is still largely experimental and mass use is likely to take decades. Today’s regulatory frameworks can stretch to accommodate early deployment, but they will not be sufficient in the long term. This report reviews the range of existing service concepts for automated driving systems and technologies, the operational environments they require and assesses the need for regulatory action.
    DOI: 10.1787/5ca48905-en
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    Sector Financing in the SDG Era (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264311190 , 9789264311206 , 9789264307711
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (196 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: The Development Dimension
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sector financing in the SDG era
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Entwicklungsfinanzierung ; Welt ; Development ; Agrarweltmarkt ; Energieweltwirtschaft ; Entwicklungsfinanzierung ; Entwicklungsfonds ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Weltbevölkerung ; Geschichte 2012-2016
    Abstract: The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are highly intertwined with sectors such as health, education, energy or agriculture. Hence, measuring official development finance (ODF) flowing to sectors is critical to designing efficient development strategies in the SDG era. Yet, this exercise is complex, and this report is a first attempt to provide a comprehensive picture of ODF allocations by sector. The analysis includes not only official development assistance (ODA), but also other official flows (OOF) and resources mobilised from the private sector by official development interventions. It provides unique data for the period 2012-16 on sectors financing by country, type of instrument and channel of delivery. It looks into potential data gaps and the challenge of matching the traditional typologies of donors’ investment by sector with their expected, multi-sectoral outcomes, as framed by the SDGs. The report provides policy makers and sectoral experts with some insights into the implications of the 2030 Agenda for the sectoral strategies of development co-operation providers.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264307711-en
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  • 38
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    Second Public Procurement Review of the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS) : Reshaping Strategies for Better Healthcare (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264190191 , 9789264298309 , 9789264292079
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (76 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Segundo Estudio de la OCDE sobre Contratación Pública en el Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) : Rediseñando las Estrategias para Mejorar el Cuidado de la Salud
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Second public procurement review of the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS)
    Keywords: Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social ; Öffentlicher Auftrag ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Mexiko ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Mexico ; Mexiko ; Medizinische Versorgung
    Abstract: This review highlights achievements of the Mexican Institute of Social Security (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS) in a number of areas – human resources, technological capacities and relations with suppliers – which were previously identified by the OECD as pivotal for the successful reform of IMSS procurement operations. This report highlights the progress made and offers recommendations to support IMSS in achieving procurement excellence and fulfilling its mandate to provide the best possible, most cost-effective healthcare services to citizens.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264190191-en
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  • 39
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    Container Port Strategy : Summary and Conclusions (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282188071
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Roundtable Reports no.169
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: This report examines how ports can accommodate changes in maritime transport (such as the arrival of mega-ships) while adapting to developments in the hinterland (notably in their host cities). It presents considerations and recommendations for policy-makers to help find a mutually beneficial balance between port and city, with a special section dedicated to Buenos Aires and its container port. The publication summarises the results of a Roundtable held in Buenos Aires in 2017.
    DOI: 10.1787/1cd9ad90-en
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  • 40
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    Getting Skills Right: Brazil (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264309845 , 9789264309852 , 9789264309838
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (136 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Getting Skills Right
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Getting skills right
    Keywords: Qualifikation ; Berufsbildungspolitik ; Bildungspolitik ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Brasilien ; Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Brazil ; Brasilien ; Berufsbildungspolitik ; Erwachsenenbildung ; Qualifikation ; Arbeitsmarkt
    Abstract: The world of work is changing. Digitalisation, deepening globalisation and population ageing are having a profound impact on the type and quality of jobs that are available and the skills required to perform them. To what extent individuals, firms and economies can harness the benefits of these changes critically depends on the readiness of adult learning systems to help people develop relevant skills for this changing world of work. In Brazil, the speed of population ageing is projected to be significantly faster than what has been experienced by most developed economies. At the same time, increasing integration into the global economy will create new opportunities and propel growth. But it will also affect the content of exports and the stage at which Brazil contributes for Global Value Chains (GVCs). Profound changes in the economy are to be expected in the coming decades. As these changes have not yet fully materialised, Brazilian policy makers have a window of opportunity to prepare for the transformations ahead. This report aims at providing policy recommendations, based on best practices internationally, to prepare the Brazilian adult learning system so that it is ready to support people in acquiring the relevant skills for the future.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264309838-en
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  • 41
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    Microbial Influence on the Performance of Subsurface, Salt-Based Radioactive Waste Repositories : An Evaluation Based on Microbial Ecology, Bioenergetics and Projected Repository Conditions (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264303133
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (72 p.)
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: For the past several decades, the Nuclear Energy Agency Salt Club has been supporting and overseeing the characterisation of rock salt as a potential host rock for deep geological repositories. This extensive evaluation of deep geological settings is aimed at determining – through a multidisciplinary approach – whether specific sites are suitable for radioactive waste disposal. Studying the microbiology of granite, basalt, tuff, and clay formations in both Europe and the United States has been an important part of this investigation, and much has been learnt about the potential influence of microorganisms on repository performance, as well as about deep subsurface microbiology in general. Some uncertainty remains, however, around the effects of microorganisms on salt-based repository performance. Using available information on the microbial ecology of hypersaline environments, the bioenergetics of survival under high ionic strength conditions and studies related to repository microbiology, this report summarises the potential role of microorganisms in salt-based radioactive waste repositories.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264303133-en
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  • 42
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    OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Hungary 2018 (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264298613 , 9789264302969 , 9789264302976
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE : Hongrie 2018 (Version abrégée)
    Keywords: Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Hungary
    Abstract: Hungary has made significant progress in decoupling its output growth from main environmental pressures, largely due to implementing requirements of EU directives. However, greenhouse gas emissions have started to pick up with the recent rebound of economic activity. Local air quality has not improved significantly, and water quality remains at risk. Important institutional challenges impede more effective implementation of environmental laws and policies. Hungary can accelerate the transition towards a low-carbon and greener economy, particularly by investing in residential energy efficiency and sound waste and material management, and better mainstreaming of biodiversity protection into sectoral economic policies. This is the third Environmental Performance Review of Hungary. It evaluates progress towards sustainable development and green growth, with special features on waste, material management and circular economy, and biodiversity.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264298613-en
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    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Monaco 2018 (Second Round) : Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264291157
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Forum mondial sur la transparence et l'échange de renseignements à des fins fiscales : Monaco 2018 (Deuxième cycle) : Rapport d'examen par les pairs sur la demande d'échange de renseignements
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Monaco 2018 (second round)
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Monaco ; Taxation ; Monaco
    Abstract: This report contains the 2018 Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request of Monaco.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264291157-en
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  • 44
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    Access to Private Finance for Green Investments : Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Financing in Ukraine (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264303928
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (68 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Green Finance and Investment
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Доступ до приватних фінансових ресурсів для «зелених» інвестицій: Фінансування енергоефективності та відновлюваної енергетики в Україні
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Access to private finance for green investments
    Keywords: Umweltschutzinvestition ; Erneuerbare Energie ; Energieeinsparung ; Finanzierung ; Fremdkapital ; Ukraine ; Energy ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Development ; Ukraine
    Abstract: This report provides a case study for the development of sustainable energy lending in Ukraine. It reviews the macro-economic and political context for green investments in Ukraine, before looking in more detail at the role and capacity of the banking sector. The study is part of a wider OECD project promoting access to private finance for green investments in the EU Eastern Partnership (EaP) countries, and follows on from a regional assessment undertaken in 2015. This work forms part of the “Greening Economies in the European Union’s Eastern Neighbourhood” (EaP GREEN) programme, which aims to support the six Eastern Partnership countries to move towards a green economy by decoupling economic growth from environmental degradation and resource depletion.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264303928-en
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  • 45
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    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Belgium 2018 (Second Round) : Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264290839
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (124 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Forum mondial sur la transparence et l'échange de renseignements à des fins fiscales : Belgique 2018 (Deuxième cycle) : Rapport d'examen par les pairs sur la demande d'échange de renseignements
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Belgium 2018 (second round)
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Belgien ; Taxation ; Belgium
    Abstract: This report contains the 2018 Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request of Belgium.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264290839-en
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  • 46
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    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: New Zealand 2018 (Second Round) : Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264291171
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: New Zealand 2018 (second round)
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Neuseeland ; Taxation ; New Zealand
    Abstract: This report contains the 2018 Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request of New Zealand.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264291171-en
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  • 47
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    Examen multidimensionnel du Maroc (Volume 2) : Analyse approfondie et recommandations (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264301139 , 9789264298699 , 9789264259317
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (216 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Les voies de développement
    Keywords: Development ; Morocco
    Abstract: Le Maroc ambitionne de rejoindre le rang des pays émergents et de réussir un développement dynamique et équitable. Porté par cet objectif, le Maroc s’est engagé dans un programme de modernisation et de transformation profonde du pays depuis la fin des années 90. Pour permettre au Maroc de franchir une nouvelle étape dans son développement et d’enclencher une dynamique de croissance forte, pérenne et inclusive, l’OCDE a identifié trois axes de réformes essentielles. Le premier vise à renforcer la compétitivité des entreprises industrielles pour donner une nouvelle impulsion à la transformation structurelle. Le deuxième a pour objectif de relever le niveau de formation de la population et de le mettre en adéquation avec les besoins du marché du travail. Le troisième cherche à renforcer la cohérence des stratégies sectorielles pour accroître l’efficacité des politiques publiques et de l’action de l’État. Ce deuxième volume de l’Examen multidimensionnel du Maroc fournit des recommandations détaillées sur chacun de ces axes de réforme, et ce à partir d’une analyse approfondie et d’un processus participatif mené avec les parties prenantes marocaines.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264298699-fr
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    Making Dispute Resolution More Effective – MAP Peer Review Report, Japan (Stage 1) : Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 14 (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264304307
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report: Japan (stage 1)
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Japan ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; Japan ; Japan ; OECD Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Konfliktregelung
    Abstract: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The minimum standard is complemented by a set of best practices. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the stage 1 peer review of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by Japan, which is accompanied by a document addressing the implementation of best practices which can be accessed on the OECD website: http://oe.cd/bepsaction14.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264304307-en
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  • 49
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    SMEs in Public Procurement : Practices and Strategies for Shared Benefits (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264308190 , 9789264308206 , 9789264307476
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (228 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als SMEs in public procurement
    Keywords: KMU ; Öffentlicher Auftrag ; Mittelstandspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Governance
    Abstract: The relevance and economic implications of public procurement – which represents 12% of GDP and one-third of government expenditures in the OECD area - make it a powerful tool for improving public service delivery. At the same time, governments are increasingly using their purchasing power to pursue strategic objectives in different policy areas such as sustainability, innovation or providing support to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Making it easier for SMEs to access public procurement opportunities improves the general economic environment, promotes inclusive growth and supports principles such as equal treatment, open access and effective competition. This report takes stock of the approaches adopted in 37 OECD and non-OECD countries to help SMEs perform better in public procurement markets, including removing barriers to their participation. The report also describes the main features of a public procurement system that benefits both the public sector and SMEs.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264307476-en
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  • 50
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    Stemming the Superbug Tide : Just A Few Dollars More (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264307599 , 9789264311398 , 9789264311404
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Stemming the superbug tide
    DDC: 330
    Keywords: Antibiotika ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Gesundheitsökonomik ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Amtliche Publikation ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Antibiotikum
    Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a large and growing problem with the potential for enormous health and economic consequences, globally. As such, AMR has become a central issue at the top of the public health agenda of OECD countries and beyond. In this report, OECD used advanced techniques, including machine learning, ensemble modelling and a microsimulation model, to provide support for policy action in the human health sector. AMR rates are high and are projected to grow further, particularly for second- and third-line antibiotics, and if no effective action is taken this is forecasted to produce a significant health and economic burden in OECD and EU28 countries. This burden can be addressed by implementing effective public health initiatives. This report reviews policies currently in place in high-income countries and identifies a set of ‘best buys’ to tackle AMR that, if scaled up at the national level, would provide an affordable and cost-effective instrument in the fight against AMR.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264307599-en
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    OECD Tax Policy Reviews: Slovenia 2018 (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264305472 , 9789264305465 , 9789264303898
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (152 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Tax Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD tax policy reviews
    Keywords: Steuerpolitik ; Steuersystem ; Steuerreform ; Slowenien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Taxation ; Economics ; Slovenia
    Abstract: This report is part of the OECD Tax Policy Reviews. The Reviews are intended to provide independent, comprehensive and comparative assessments of OECD member and non-member countries’ tax systems as well as concrete recommendations for tax policy reform. By identifying tailored tax policy reform options, the objective of the Reviews is to enhance the design of existing tax policies and to support the adoption of new reforms. This report provides a comprehensive tax policy assessment of the taxes paid by individuals in Slovenia as well as tax reform recommendations. The report is divided into six chapters, with a summary of the main findings upfront, followed by more detailed recommendations at the end of chapters 3 to 6. Chapter 1 sets the scene for tax reform in Slovenia. Chapter 2 focuses on the labour market, social policy and tax policy related challenges. The ensuing chapters assess the financing of the social security system (Chapter 3), identify strategies to strengthen the design of personal income tax (Chapter 4), indirect taxes (Chapter 5), and the taxation of capital income at the individual level (Chapter 6).
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264303898-en
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    Food Security and Nutrition : Challenges for Agriculture and the Hidden Potential of Soil (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264183780
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (34 Seiten)
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development
    Abstract: This report, prepared by FAO and the OECD with inputs from IFPRI, IFAD, the World Bank and WTO, has been submitted to the G20 Presidency of the Argentine Republic in response to the Presidency’s request for information on future trends and challenges faced by global agriculture, with a special focus on the role of soils in promoting food security and the measures that could be undertaken to facilitate sustainable soil management.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264183780-en
    URL: https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/agriculture-and-food/food-security-and-nutrition_9789264183780-en
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    Reshaping Decentralised Development Co-operation (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264302914
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 Online-Ressource)
    Parallel Title: Available in another form
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Reshaping decentralised development co-operation
    Keywords: Entwicklungshilfe ; Dezentralisierung ; Geberländer ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development
    Abstract: Over the last decades, and in line with the adoption of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015, cities and regions have played an important part in helping to implement global agendas at local level through their Decentralised Development Cooperation (DDC) activities. This report analyses the evolution of financial flows, emerging trends and innovative paradigms related to the development co-operation of local and regional governments, including but not limited to official development assistance extended by sub-national governments. It promotes a territorial approach to development co-operation and provides policy recommendations to maximise the effectiveness, benefits and outcomes of DDC at all levels, while acknowledging the diversity of approaches, definitions and concepts across OECD DAC countries active in DDC.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264302914-en
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264302914-en
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    Citizen participation and public trust in local government : the Republic of Korea case (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting 18(2018), 2 vom: 12. Dez., Seite 73-92 | volume:18 | year:2018 | number:2 | day:12 | month:12 | pages:73-92
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: 18(2018), 2 vom: 12. Dez., Seite 73-92
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:18
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2018
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: day:12
    Angaben zur Quelle: month:12
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:73-92
    Keywords: Transparency ; Citizen Participation ; Trust ; South Korea ; Participatory Budgeting ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Economics ; Aufsatz in Zeitschrift
    Abstract: Over the past decades, leaders and citizens in many countries have lamented the lack of transparency in government and declining citizens’trust in government. South Korea is not an exception. In order to restore trust in government, the Korean government has made considerable efforts to adopt and promote various citizen participation programmes at all levels of government in an effort to ensure accountability, improve transparency and trust in government. This article first discusses the importance of citizen participation as a means of improving transparency and trust in government. It then introduces offline and online citizen participation programmes run by central agencies and local governments and highlight how those citizen participation programmes have evolved. As one specific form of citizen participation practice, this article focuses on the practice of Participatory Budgeting (PB) as an effort to enhance transparency and citizens’trust in government by opening its processes and disclosing budgeting information to the public. Most especially, this article reveals the results of a PB survey of local governments in Korea and discusses why and how PB has been adopted, implemented, and designed to improve budget-related governance structure, policy-making processes, and outputs such as efficiency, accountability, transparency, and trust in government. Lastly, this article discusses policy implications for enhancing public trust in government through PB.
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-18-5j8fz1kqp8d8
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    Access to Justice for Business and Inclusive Growth in Latvia (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264303416 , 9789264307025 , 9789264307018
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (156 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Access to justice for business and inclusive growth in Latvia
    Keywords: Gesellschaftsrecht ; Institutionelle Infrastruktur ; Lettland ; Governance ; Latvia
    Abstract: Like many OECD countries, Latvia is taking an innovative, user-centred approach to improving legal and justice services by strengthening the judicial sector and law enforcement authorities This report reviews the commercial, legal and regulatory framework in Latvia, highlighting its impact on businesses and its suitability for different forms of commercial activity. It analyses business’ legal and justice needs, and evaluates the accessibility and responsiveness of public services for business, including dispute resolution mechanisms. Finally, the report provides recommendations to help Latvia better tailor justice services to the needs of business and thus support more inclusive growth.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264303416-en
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  • 56
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    Politique de la réglementation : Perspectives de l'OCDE 2018 (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264310100 , 9789264310094 , 9789264305458
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (268 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Regulatory Policy Outlook 2018
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Prospettive OCSE 2018 sulla politica della regolazione
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD-Ausblick Regulierungspolitik 2018
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Les lois et réglementations régissent la vie quotidienne des entreprises et des particuliers, et sont des outils importants de la politique de la réglementation. « Légiférer » n’a jamais été une tâche facile, mais la rapidité des transformations technologiques et l’interconnection croissante des économies la rendent plus ardue encore. Les perspectives de l’OCDE sur la politique de la réglementation 2018, les secondes de la série, identifient les efforts des pays pour améliorer leurs lois et régulations, conformément à la Recommandation de 2012 concernant la politique et la gouvernance réglementaires, et partagent les bonnes pratiques. Cette publication apporte un éclairage unique sur l’organisation et les dispositifs institutionnels dont les pays se sont dotés pour concevoir, faire respecter et faire évoluer leur réglementation. Elle lève aussi le voile sur les aspects du cycle réglementaire qui mériteraient plus d’attention de la part des décideurs publics. Enfin, elle identifie les domaines dans lesquels les pays peuvent concentrer leurs efforts pour améliorer la qualité des lois et des réglementations et les approches innovantes susceptibles de leur faciliter la tâche.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264305458-fr
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  • 57
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    Getting it Right : Strategic Priorities for Mexico (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264292062
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Getting it Right : Prioridades estratégicas para México
    Keywords: Development ; Mexico
    Abstract: Mexico has been a reform champion, having launched ambitious reforms in a broad range of areas. While the reforms are showing first positive effects they are not delivering to the extent they could. On many dimensions of well-being, including education, health and security amongst others, Mexico still lags behind the OECD average and regional development remains very uneven. While Mexico has done a lot to build a competitive economy, progress has been too slow in two complementary areas, namely strengthening institutions and fostering inclusion. The capacity of the public sector is weak, corruption remains widespread and the rule of law is week, all hindering trust in government institutions and the effective implementation of policies. Similarly, persistent inequalities and widespread poverty do not only mean that higher growth does not translate into widespread gains in well-being; these inequalities are also holding back growth as Mexico is not using all available talent. Mexico has taken measures to tackle these issues, but important implementation gaps remain. It will be important for the next government to build on past reform efforts, ensuring the full and effective implementation of already legislated changes to allow for reform continuity and to launch additional reforms in several priority areas, including the rule of law, education and social protection. Only then will Mexico be able to deliver a higher quality of life for all its people.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264292062-en
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    Good Regulatory Practices to Support Small and Medium Enterprises in Southeast Asia (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264306837 , 9789264306820 , 9789264305434
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (244 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Good regulatory practices to support small and medium enterprises in Southeast Asia
    Keywords: Mittelstandspolitik ; KMU ; Regulierung ; Südostasien ; Governance ; Bericht ; Südostasien ; Association of Southeast Asian Nations ; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb ; Regulierung
    Abstract: Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can find it challenging to cope and comply with regulations and adapt regulatory changes. Good regulatory practice (GRP) helps create a stable and enabling regulatory environment for investment, trade, and entrepreneurhsip, and thus supports healthy economies and regional competitiveness. This report is the first comprehensive stock-taking of GRP implementation in Southeast Asia to support local SMEs and their integration into global value chains. For each of the ten countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), the report provides examples of GRP tools and approaches in areas such as administrative burden reduction, e-government, regulatory impact assessment, ex post evaluation, and stakeholder consultation. The report also includes an overview of collective efforts pursued at the ASEAN level to promote the GRP agenda across the region.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264305434-en
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    Revue du gouvernement numérique du Maroc : Jeter les bases de la transformation numérique du secteur public au Maroc (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264299917
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (148 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Digital Government Review of Morocco: Laying the Foundations for the Digital Transformation of the Public Sector in Morocco
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Morocco
    Abstract: Le Maroc vis à devenir un important centre industriel au niveau de l’Afrique. Pour ce faire, le pays prend des mesures pour transformer son administration et assurer la croissance durable de son économie et société numériques émergentes. Cette revue analyse les efforts en cours pour intégrer les technologies numériques dans le secteur public, et fournit des conseils politiques pour soutenir le Royaume du Maroc dans la mise en œuvre d'une politique gouvernementale stratégique numérique.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264299917-fr
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  • 60
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    Panorama de la Salud 2017 : Indicadores de la OCDE (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264306035
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (218 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Health at a Glance 2017: OECD Indicators
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Panorama de la santé 2017 : Les indicateurs de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Esta nueva edición de Panorama de la Salud presenta la más reciente información comparable sobre el estado de salud de las poblaciones y el desempeño de los sistemas de salud de los países de la OCDE. Donde es posible, contiene información de países socios (Brasil, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, India, Indonesia, Lituania,la Federación de Rusia y Sudáfrica). La información presentada en esta publicación proviene de estadísticas nacionales oficiales, a menos que se indique otra cosa. Esta edición incluye una variedad de nuevos indicadores, particularmente en factores de riesgo para la salud. También pone mayor énfasis en el análisis de tendencias a lo largo del tiempo. Además de un análisis por indicador, esta edición ofrece instantáneas y tablas de indicadores que resumen comparativos de desempeño entre países, así como un capítulo especial sobre los factores principales que han generado incrementos en la esperanza de vida.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264306035-es
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    Gender Equality in Canada : Mainstreaming, Governance and Budgeting (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264301108 , 9789264303256 , 9789264303263
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (132 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe L'égalité des sexes au Canada : Intégration, gouvernance et budgétisation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Gender equality in Canada
    Keywords: Gleichberechtigung ; Kanada ; Governance ; Canada
    Abstract: Canada has a long-standing commitment to gender equality and an increasingly ambitious agenda to create a truly inclusive society. Recently, the Government of Canada has been strengthening the federal framework for the governance of gender equality policies by developing institutions, policies, tools and accountability structures. This OECD review of gender equality in Canada makes a number of recommendations to further develop this governance framework. It also assesses Canada’s progress in gender budgeting and provides recommendations for developing a more comprehensive, systematic and sustainable approach.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264301108-en
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  • 62
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    State-Owned Enterprises and Corruption : What Are the Risks and What Can Be Done? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264305694 , 9789264305700 , 9789264303058
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (148 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als State-owned enterprises and corruption
    DDC: 330
    Keywords: Öffentliches Unternehmen ; Korruption ; Anti-Korruption ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Öffentliches Unternehmen ; Korruption
    Abstract: Corruption is the antithesis of good governance, and it is a direct threat to the purpose of state ownership. This report brings a comprehensive set of facts and figures to the discussion about the corruption risks facing state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and how they, and state ownership, go about addressing them. The report suggests options to help the state as an enterprise owner fight corruption and promote integrity in the SOE sector, laying the foundation for future OECD guidance on the subject.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264303058-en
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    Opportunities for All : A Framework for Policy Action on Inclusive Growth (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264301665 , 9789264305496 , 9789264305489
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Opportunities for all
    Keywords: Wirtschaftswachstum ; Soziale Integration ; Wachstumspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics
    Abstract: Globalisation, digitalisation, demographics and climate change are transforming our economies and our societies. They provide new opportunities for growth but at the same time increase the risk of deeper inequalities, in a context where these are already high. Reducing inequalities by making growth beneficial for all is the best way to build strong foundations for future prosperity and to give everyone the opportunity to contribute and succeed. To make this happen, equality needs to be considered from the start when governments design growth policies, rather than tackled afterwards through redistribution. Such an ex ante approach can help people, firms and regions fulfil their potential and drive growth, both locally and globally. By better aligning domestic and international policies, opportunities for growth can be used more effectively to provide higher standards for protection of social, environmental and human rights around the world. The OECD has developed a Framework for Policy Action on Inclusive Growth to help governments to improve the prospects of those currently being left behind. Using a dashboard of indicators, the framework presents key policy recommendations to sustain and more equitably share the gains of economic growth by investing in people and places that have been left behind, supporting business dynamism and inclusive labour markets, and building efficient and responsive governments.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264301665-en
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  • 64
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    Il commercio di beni contraffatti e l'economia Italiana : Tutelare la proprietà intellettuale dell'Italia (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264302655
    Language: Italian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (116 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Trade in Counterfeit Goods and the Italian Economy: Protecting Italy's intellectual property
    Keywords: Governance ; Industry and Services ; Italy
    Abstract: L'economia italiana è innovativa e ricca di proprietà intellettuale e praticamente ogni settore produce o utilizza prodotti coperti da proprietà intellettuale. I settori a elevata densità di diritti di proprietà intellettuale sono perfettamente integrati nell'economia globale attraverso una partecipazione attiva nelle catene di valore globali. Allo stesso tempo le minacce rappresentate da contraffazione e pirateria sono in crescita e l’Italia appare vulnerabile. Questo studio misura gli effetti economici diretti della contraffazione sui consumatori italiani, sul settore manifatturiero e del dettaglio, e sul governo italiano. Esamina sia l’impatto delle importazioni di prodotti falsi in Italia su questi tre gruppi sia l’impatto sui titolari dei diritti di proprietà intellettuale italiani del commercio globale di prodotti falsi che violano i diritti di proprietà intellettuale.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264302655-it
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    Considerations for Assessing the Risks of Combined Exposure to Multiple Chemicals (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264952973
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (119 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Series on Testing and Assessment no.296
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The report outlines the technical aspects of the various approaches and methodologies available with respect to the assessment of risks from combined exposures to multiple chemicals. The document draws from approaches applied and experience gained in the regulatory context and will therefore be most relevant to the regulatory authorities addressing chemicals, the regulated community and other interested stakeholders. The considerations are not presented as strict guidance but rather elements to recognise in assessing combined exposures to multiple chemicals.
    DOI: 10.1787/ceca15a9-en
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    Trade Facilitation and the Global Economy (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264277571 , 9789264300323 , 9789264300316
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (140 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Trade facilitation and the global economy
    Keywords: Außenwirtschaftsförderung ; Globalisierung ; Welt ; Entwicklungsländer ; Schwellenländer ; Development ; Trade
    Abstract: In a globalised world, where goods cross borders many times as intermediate and as final products, trade facilitation is essential to lowering overall trade costs and increasing economic welfare, in particular for developing and emerging economies. Facilitation efforts undertaken by various countries around the world also show that the benefits of such measures clearly compensate the costs and challenges posed by their implementation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264277571-en
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    Working Together for Local Integration of Migrants and Refugees in Altena (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264299320
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (80 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Working together for local integration of migrants and refugees in Altena
    Keywords: Flüchtlinge ; Migranten ; Soziale Integration ; Kleinstadt ; Deutschland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: Altena is a small industrial town in the Land of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The city has experienced a significant decline in its population in recent decades and further substantial decreases are predicted through 2030. In this context, the municipality has come to approach migrant integration as a chance to revive the city, counteract demographic change and fill existing labour force demands. In 2015, the city took on 100 more asylum seekers and refugees than required by federal allocation. In 2017, migrants made up 11.3% of the total population of Altena and the majority (54%) have lived there for longer than ten years. This report presents the way Altena and its state and non-state partners are addressing migrant integration issues and opportunities. In particular, the report sheds light on how refugees and asylum seekers have benefited from housing and civic participation programmes as well as the local responses to the peak in refugee and asylum seeker arrivals since 2015. In such a context, when migrant integration is part of the local development strategy, one key question is “How to encourage migrants stay in Altena?”.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264299320-en
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    OECD Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Supply Chains in the Garment and Footwear Sector (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264290587
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD-Leitfaden für die Erfüllung der Sorgfaltspflicht zur Förderung verantwortungsvoller Lieferketten in der Bekleidungs- und Schuhwarenindustrie
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Wytyczne OECD dotyczące należytej staranności w zakresie odpowiedzialnych łańcuchów dostaw w sektorze tekstylno-odzieżowym i obuwniczym
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Guide OCDE sur le devoir de diligence applicable aux chaînes d'approvisionnement responsables dans le secteur de l'habillement et de la chaussure
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 经合组织鞋服行业负责任供应链尽责管理指南
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD due diligence guidance for responsible supply chains in the garment and footwear sector
    Keywords: Lieferkette ; Corporate Social Responsibility ; Bekleidungsindustrie ; Schuhindustrie ; Due Diligence ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Development
    Abstract: The OECD Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Supply Chains in the Garment and Footwear Sector helps enterprises implement the due diligence recommendations contained in the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises along the garment and footwear supply chain in order to avoid and address the potential negative impacts of their activities and supply chains. It supports the aims of the OECD Guidelines to ensure that the operations of enterprises in the garment and footwear sector are in harmony with government policies to strengthen the basis of mutual confidence between enterprises and the societies in which they operate. This Guidance will also support enterprises to implement the due diligence recommendations contained in the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights. The Guidance is aligned with the International Labour Organization’s (ILO) Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work, relevant ILO Conventions and Recommendations and the ILO Tripartite Declaration of Principles Concerning Multinational Enterprises and Social Policy. Together with its modules on due diligence for specific risk areas, this Guidance provides enterprises with a complete package to operate and source responsibly in the garment and footwear sector. This Guidance was developed through a multi-stakeholder process with in-depth engagement from OECD and non-OECD countries, representatives from business, trade unions and civil society and was overseen by the Working Party on Responsible Business Conduct. It is practically-oriented, with an emphasis on collaborative constructive approaches to complex challenges. The Guidance builds on the in-depth reports of the National Contact Points (NCPs) of France and Italy on the implementation of the OECD Guidelines in the textile and garment sector and responds to statements made in June 2013 and 2014 by NCPs following the tragic collapse of Rana Plaza.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264290587-en
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    Working Together for Local Integration of Migrants and Refugees in Amsterdam (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264300194 , 9789264300187 , 9789264299726
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (92 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Working together for local integration of migrants and refugees in Amsterdam
    Keywords: Flüchtlinge ; Migranten ; Soziale Integration ; Amsterdam ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Netherlands
    Abstract: In Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 51.66% of the population was born outside of the country or has at least one parent born abroad. Amsterdam is proud of its cultural and ethnical diversity and actively works to attract international students and high-skilled migrants. Like many European cities, Amsterdam experienced a peak in refugees and asylum seekers arrivals in 2015 and in response has implemented a holistic integration model, which starts at the moment migrants arrive and supports them for their first three years. Migrants are not considered as a minority group with different needs, but rather as one group among others with specific characteristics (such as women, the elderly, the disabled, LGBT) whose outcomes are monitored to identify potential structural gaps in their access to opportunities and services. This work compiles data and qualitative evidence on how local actions for integration, across a number of sectors, are being designed and implemented by the City of Amsterdam and its partners within a multi-level governance framework.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264299726-en
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    Доступ до приватних фінансових ресурсів для «зелених» інвестицій : Фінансування енергоефективності та відновлюваної енергетики в Україні (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264306288
    Language: Ukrainian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (72 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Access to Private Finance for Green Investments: Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Financing in Ukraine
    Keywords: Energy ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Development ; Ukraine
    Abstract: Цей звіт являє собою цільове дослідження успішного досвіду кредитування сталої енергетики в Україні. Перед тим, як розглянути у подробицях роль та спроможності банківського сектора, у роботі аналізується макроекономічний та політичний контекст для "зелених" інвестицій в Україні. Це дослідження є частиною більш масштабного проекту ОЕСР щодо розширення доступу до приватного фінансування для "зелених" інвестицій у країнах Східного партнерства ЄС і є продовженням регіонального аналізу, здійсненого у 2015 році. Ця робота є частиною Програми "Екологізація економіки в країнах Східного партнерства Європейського Союзу", метою якої є надання сприяння шести країнам Східного партнерства у їх просуванні в напрямку екологічної економіки шляхом очищення економічного зростання від погіршення екологічної ситуації та виснаження природних ресурсів.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264306288-uk
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  • 71
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    Diretrizes da OCDE sobre Governança Corporativa de Empresas Estatais, Edição 2015 (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264181106
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (84 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises, 2015 Edition: (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises, 2015 Edition (Arabic version)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Насоки на ОИСР за корпоративното управление на държавните предприятия: Издание 2015
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD-Leitsätze zu Corporate Governance in staatseigenen Unternehmen, Ausgabe 2015
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Lignes directrices de l'OCDE sur la gouvernance des entreprises publiques, Édition 2015
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Smjernice OECD-a za korporativno upravljanje u poduzećima u državnom vlasništvu: Izdanje iz 2015.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD国有企業（SOE）のコーポレートガバナンス・ガイドライン, 2015年版
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises, 2015 Edition: (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Directrices de la OCDE sobre el Gobierno Corporativo de las Empresas Públicas, Edición 2015
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises, 2015 Edition
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Metodické pokyny OECD pro správu a řízení státem vlastněných společností, vydáno 2015
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Hướng dẫn của OECD về Quản trị Công ty trong Do anh nghiệp Nh à nước: Ấn bản 2015
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises, 2015 Edition: (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe КЕРІВНІ ПРИНЦИПИ ОЕСР ЩОДО КОРПОРАТИВНОГО ВРЯДУВАННЯ НА ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ФОРМИ ВЛАСНОСТІ, РЕДАКЦІЯ 2015 РОКУ
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Abstract: As novas Diretrizes da OCDE sobre Governança Corporativa de Empresas Estatais fornecem um quadro de referência acordado internacionalmente para ajudar os governos a avaliar e melhorar a forma com que exercem suas funções de propriedade de empresas estatais. A boa governança corporativa das empresas de propriedade estatal é uma prioridade chave de reforma em muitos países. A maior eficiência e transparência do setor estatal produzirá ganhos econômicos consideráveis, especialmente nos países onde a titularidade estatal é importante. Além disso, a criação de condições equitativas para as empresas privadas e estatais incentivará um setor empresarial sólido e competitivo. As Diretrizes, aprovadas pela primeira vez em 2005, fornecem um conjunto de boas práticas para o arcabouço legal e regulamentar das empresas de propriedade estatal (EEs), para a profissionalização da função de propriedade estatal e para os arranjos de governança corporativa das EEs. Esta nova versão foi desenvolvida à luz de quase uma década de experiências com sua aplicação e de uma série de estudos temáticos e comparativos, desenvolvidos com base na versão anterior das Diretrizes, que revelaram a necessidade e fundamentaram a sua revisão, inclusive em áreas como a divulgação e transparência, concorrência público-privada, práticas dos conselhos, e financiamento das EEs.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264181106-pt
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    Εγχειρίδιο Εσωτερικού Ελέγχου για την Ελληνική Δημόσια Διοίκηση (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264309715
    Language: Greek, Modern (1453- )
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Internal Audit Manual for the Greek Public Administration
    Keywords: Governance ; Greece
    Abstract: Το παρόν Εγχειρίδιο Εσωτερικού Ελέγχου σχεδιάστηκε για να υποστηρίξει τον εκσυγχρονισμό και την τυποποίηση των διαδικασιών της λειτουργίας εσωτερικού ελέγχου στους ελληνικούς δημόσιους οργανισμούς. Το εγχειρίδιο περιλαμβάνει μια σειρά πρακτικών προτύπων και διεργασιών παρέχοντας σαφή καθοδήγηση ως προς τα παρακάτω ζητήματα: 1) εγκαθίδρυση μίας σύγχρονης και αποτελεσματικής λειτουργίας εσωτερικού ελέγχου στους δημόσιους οργανισμούς, 2) δημιουργία προγράμματος ελεγκτικής δράσης βάσει αξιολόγησης κινδύνων, 3) διενέργεια αξιολόγησης κινδύνων απάτης, 4) υποστήριξη των οργανισμών και των προγραμμάτων κατά την προετοιμασία του ελέγχου, και 5) ολοκλήρωση ενός επιτυχημένου ελέγχου από το στάδιο του σχεδιασμού μέχρι και τα στάδια της διενέργειας και υποβολής της έκθεσης ελέγχου.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264309715-el
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    Is the Last Mile the Longest? Economic Gains from Gender Equality in Nordic Countries (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264300040 , 9789264302167 , 9789264302174
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (92 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Is the last mile the longest?
    Keywords: Gleichberechtigung ; Wohlfahrtsanalyse ; Nordeuropa ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Denmark ; Finland ; Iceland ; Norway ; Sweden
    Abstract: Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, commonly known as the Nordic countries, have been leaders in the development of modern family and gender policy, and the explicit promotion of gender equality at home, at work, and in public life. Today, on many measures, they boast some of the most gender-equal labour markets in the OECD. This report shows that improvements in gender equality have contributed considerably to economic growth in the Nordic countries. Increases in female employment alone are estimated to account for anywhere between roughly 0.05 and 0.40 percentage points to average annual GDP per capita growth – equivalent to 3 to 20% of total GDP per capita growth over the past 50 years or so, depending on the country. The Nordic countries are closer than most to achieving gender equality in the labour market. But the last mile may well prove to be the longest one. To make further progress, a continued assessment of the effectiveness of existing public policies and workplace practices is needed. Only with resolve and a continued focus can Nordic countries ensure that men and women contribute to their economies and societies in gender equal measure.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264300040-en
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    Literacy skills and family configurations (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (56 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.192
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Compétences en littératie et configurations familiales
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: We study the links between family configuration and formation on the one hand and adult literacy skills on the other by analysing data from the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC), a survey of 250 000 people aged 16 to 65 conducted by the OECD in 33 countries and economies. Literacy proficiency has an effect on many aspects of the formation and development of families, such as age of parents at birth of first child, or age of partners at cohabitation, even when educational attainment and age are taken into account. Moreover, having children and living with a partner have consequences for adults’ job opportunities and participation in the labour market, which can be particularly negative for the women with the highest literacy proficiency.
    DOI: 10.1787/509d788a-en
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  • 75
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    Distinguer sécurité alimentaire urbaine et rurale en Afrique de l'Ouest (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (32 p.)
    Series Statement: Notes ouest-africaines no.15
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Disentangling urban and rural food security in West Africa
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Les stratégies de lutte contre la faim et les systèmes d'alerte précoce se concentrent souvent sur les zones rurales et l'identification des crises alimentaires, plutôt que sur les tendances à plus long terme. Les données sur la sécurité alimentaire et nutritionnelle des populations urbaines, en forte croissance, sont rares et parcellaires. En utilisant les informations géoréférencées des Enquêtes démographiques et de santé (EDS), cette Note estime le nombre total et la prévalence de la sous-nutrition et de la surnutrition en Afrique de l'Ouest aussi bien en milieu rural qu’urbain. L'analyse révèle que près de 110 millions de personnes en Afrique de l'Ouest n’ont pas une alimentation adéquate à leurs besoins nutritionnels. Plus de 58 millions de personnes souffrent d'insuffisance pondérale, dont 22 millions en ville. Les autres 52 millions sont en surpoids ou obèses, dont la grande majorité sont des citadins de plus de 15 ans. Ces résultats montrent la gravité du «double fardeau» de la sous-nutrition et surnutrition et appellent à renouveler les efforts en matière de développement d’outils de suivi de la sécurité alimentaire et nutritionnelle en milieu urbain.
    DOI: 10.1787/159010a5-fr
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  • 76
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    Costa Rica: Restablecer la sostenabilidad fiscal y establecer las bases para una política fiscal más inclusiva y favorable al crecimiento (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (57 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Costa Rica: Restoring fiscal sustainability and setting the basis for a more growth-friendly and inclusive fiscal policy
    Keywords: Economics ; Costa Rica
    Abstract: Años consecutivos de déficits primarios han conducido a una creciente deuda pública de casi el 50% del PIB, uno de los aumentos más rápidos en América Latina en la última década, y los intentos del gobierno para restablecer la salud fiscal se han visto socavados por la paralización en la Asamblea Legislativa. Aunque para contener el gasto se han promulgado reformas menores, los esfuerzos para frenar la evasión fiscal y aumentar la eficiencia de la administración tributaria son dignos de admiración. Sin embargo, no se ha logrado que los aumentos en los ingresos fiscales igualen los aumentos del gasto obligatorio y como resultado, las calificaciones soberanas de riesgo país han disminuido por debajo del nivel de inversión, y las perspectivas negativas de la deuda de Costa Rica indican que los costos del financiamiento aumentarán. Ante este escenario, el riesgo de una crisis fiscal va en aumento, a medida que las condiciones financieras mundiales también se tornan menos favorables y la estructura de la deuda se ha reorientado hacia una mayor dependencia de las tasas flotantes y los bonos denominados en dólares. La promulgación de un programa de consolidación fiscal de 3 años del 1% del PIB cada año permitirá estabilizar la deuda en los niveles actuales para el año 2032. El actual proyecto de Ley de Fortalecimiento de las Finanzas Públicas propone un paquete integral de reforma fiscal, con medidas tanto en los ingresos como en los gastos, así como una regla fiscal, que debe complementarse con medidas adicionales para contener la asignación obligatoria de ingresos con fines específicos. Una reducción de la fragmentación excesiva de las instituciones del sector público permitiría que el Ministerio de Hacienda recupere el control del presupuesto. También existe un margen para reducir el gasto en remuneraciones de los trabajadores del sector público, uno de los rubros de gasto que ha crecido con mayor rapidez y una fuente de desigualdad de ingresos. Se recomienda fortalecer la regla fiscal propuesta, con la adopción de un marco de gastos multianual y la instauración un consejo fiscal, así como modernizar la gestión de la deuda mejorando la comunicación con los mercados y reduciendo el número de valores de referencia. Con el tiempo, la mejora de la eficiencia y la calidad del gasto social, así como la modificación de la estructura impositiva para que no dependa de las contribuciones a la seguridad social, y la ampliación de la base impositiva, permitirían que la política fiscal contribuya de manera más significativa al crecimiento y a la equidad.
    DOI: 10.1787/f005be6a-es
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  • 77
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    The evolution of gender gaps in numeracy and literacy between childhood and adulthood (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (27 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.184
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Numeracy and literacy skills have become increasingly important in modern labour markets. The large gender differences that several studies have identified have therefore sparked considerable attention among researchers and policy makers. Little is known about the moment in which such gaps emerge, how they evolve and if their evolution differs across countries. We use data from large-scale international assessments to follow representative samples of birth-cohorts over time, and analyse how gender gaps in numeracy and literacy evolve from age 10 to age 27. Our results suggest that, across the countries examined, males’ advantage in numeracy is smallest at age 10 and largest at age 27. The growth in magnitude of the gender gap is particularly pronounced between the age of 15 and 27. Such evolution stands in sharp contrast with the evolution of the gender gap in literacy, which is small at age 10, large and in favour of females at age 15, and negligible by age 27.
    DOI: 10.1787/0ff7ae72-en
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  • 78
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    Teenage parenthood : How does it relate to proficiency in literacy? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: Adult Skills in Focus no.9
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Devenir parent à l’adolescence : Quels liens avec le niveau de compétence en littératie ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: The results of the Adult Skills Assessment confirm that there is a strong link between the level of literacy proficiency and the rate of teenage motherhood. Countries where this link is strongest could further encourage the prevention of and support with pregnancies before the age of 20 in the groups at highest risk. These measures are all the more crucial as they are about protecting not just the most vulnerable teenagers but also their prospective children against the long-term consequences of these early births.
    DOI: 10.1787/de7859a0-en
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  • 79
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    What do science teachers find most satisfying about their work? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (7 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.81
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Quel(s) aspect(s) professionnel(s) apportent le plus de satisfaction aux professeurs de sciences ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Teachers play a vital role in the lives of their students. They impart knowledge, provide pastoral care, act as role models and, above all, create an environment that’s conducive to learning. But teaching is fraught with numerous challenges that could lead to dissatisfaction; some teachers might decide to leave the profession entirely. In fact, in many countries around the world, high attrition rates are considered to be the most important factor contributing to the shortage of qualified science teachers. So what is it that science teachers find satisfying about their work – satisfying enough that they want to keep teaching, despite any challenges they might face?
    DOI: 10.1787/3e711a23-en
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  • 80
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    Performance et bien-être des élèves issus de l’immigration : Comment se situent les différents pays ? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (8 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA à la loupe no.82
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe How do the performance and well-being of students with an immigrant background compare across countries?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Le maintien de la cohésion sociale en présence de flux migratoires importants dépend de la capacité des sociétés à intégrer les immigrés. L’éducation peut aider ces derniers à acquérir des compétences et à contribuer à l’économie de leur pays d’accueil ; elle peut aussi favoriser leur bien-être socio-affectif et encourager leur motivation à participer à la vie sociale et civique de leur nouvelle communauté – et, ce faisant, faciliter leur intégration. Toutefois, veiller à ce que les élèves issus de l’immigration présentent de bons résultats sur le plan du bien-être représente un défi de taille, car nombre d’élèves immigrés ou d’origine mixte doivent surmonter à la fois les obstacles liés au changement de leur lieu de vie, au désavantage socio-économique, à la barrière de la langue et à la difficulté de se forger une nouvelle identité.
    DOI: 10.1787/a707ffd8-fr
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  • 81
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    The spending power of sub-central governments : A pilot study (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (20 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on Fiscal Federalism no.08
    Keywords: Taxation
    Abstract: This pilot study presents indicators that assess sub-central government (SCG) spending power by policy area. Traditional indicators – such as the share of SCG in total government spending – are often misleading as they underestimate the impact of central government regulation on sub-central spending patterns. In order to gauge true spending power, a set of institutional indicators is established, based on a detailed assessment of institutional, regulatory and administrative control central government exerts over various SCG policy areas. Results tend to confirm the limited discretion of SCGs over their own budget. Education in particular – the main SCG budget item in most countries – is strongly shaped by central government regulation. Federal countries tend to grant more spending power to SCGs than unitary countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/11ef2bee-en
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  • 82
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    Can equity in education foster social mobility? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (7 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.89
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe ¿Puede la equidad en la educación fomentar la movilidad social?
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe L’équité dans l’éducation peut-elle favoriser la mobilité sociale ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Equity is a fundamental value and guiding principle of education policy and practice, but it is not necessarily actualised in schools and education systems around the world. There are large variations across PISA-participating countries and economies in the magnitude of the difference that socio-economic status makes in students’ learning, well-being and post-secondary educational attainment. This suggests that policy and practice have a key role to play in reducing socio-economic inequalities in education. Equity does not mean that all students obtain equal education outcomes, but rather that differences in students’ outcomes are unrelated to their background or to economic and social circumstances over which the students have no control. Equity in education means that students of different socio-economic status achieve similar levels of academic performance, and of social and emotional well-being, and that they are equally likely to earn desirable post-secondary education credentials, such as university degrees, that will make it easier for them to succeed in the labour market and realise their goals as adult members of society. Education systems need to determine how individual students learn best and tailor learning opportunities to meet their needs. The newly released PISA report, Equity in Education: Breaking Down Barriers to Social Mobility, shows that narrowing the differences related to socio-economic status in what students near the end of compulsory schooling can do with what they have learned could offer more opportunities for children and young people born into disadvantaged families to move up the socio-economic ladder.
    DOI: 10.1787/ca611a13-en
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  • 83
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    Qu’est-ce que l’enseignement ? : Une nouvelle étude vidéo (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: L'enseignement à la loupe no.20
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe What does teaching look like?: A new video study
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: S’il est admis que les enseignants peuvent jouer un rôle essentiel dans la réussite des élèves, nous en savons en revanche très peu sur la façon dont ils enseignent et les caractéristiques d’un « bon » enseignement. L’Étude vidéo TALIS est un nouveau projet de l’OCDE visant à comprendre les pratiques pédagogiques utilisées et leurs modalités d’interaction afin de déterminer lesquelles ont la plus forte incidence sur les résultats cognitifs et non cognitifs des élèves. Cette étude utilisera l’observation vidéo pour présenter l’enseignement dans toute la réalité de son exercice dans différents pays. Elle mettra aussi en avant des données provenant d’enquêtes auprès des enseignants et des élèves, d’évaluations d’élèves et encore d’autres supports pédagogiques, afin de donner un aperçu aussi exhaustif que possible de l’enseignement et de l’apprentissage. L’étude plonge au coeur des différentes composantes de l’enseignement afin d’illustrer de façon systématique, détaillée et cohérente un large éventail d’approches pédagogiques dans les huit systèmes d’éducation participants.
    DOI: 10.1787/ee358701-fr
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  • 84
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    La demande du marché du travail suit-elle le rythme de l’élévation du niveau de formation de la population ? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: Les indicateurs de l'éducation à la loupe no.57
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Is labour market demand keeping pace with the rising educational attainment of the population?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Dans les pays de l’OCDE, le pourcentage de diplômés de l’enseignement tertiaire augmente, tandis que celui des moins instruits recule. Bien qu’ils n’aient jamais été aussi nombreux, les diplômés de l’enseignement tertiaire continuent d’obtenir de bons résultats sur le marché du travail. Ce constat confirme que la demande du marché du travail suit dans l’ensemble le rythme de l’élévation du niveau de formation. L’avantage dont bénéficient les diplômés de l’enseignement tertiaire sur le marché du travail par rapport aux diplômés du deuxième cycle de l’enseignement secondaire ou de l’enseignement post-secondaire non tertiaire n’a reculé que dans environ un quart des pays de l’OCDE au cours des 20 dernières années, signe potentiel d’un ralentissement de la demande de diplômés de l’enseignement tertiaire. Les pays doivent en outre s’attaquer au problème des piètres perspectives d’emploi des jeunes hommes et des jeunes femmes non diplômés du deuxième cycle de l’enseignement secondaire.
    DOI: 10.1787/b7cb619b-fr
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  • 85
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    Éducation de la petite enfance : Qui en assume les coûts et quelle incidence sur les taux de scolarisation ? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Series Statement: Les indicateurs de l'éducation à la loupe no.52
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Who bears the cost of early childhood education and how does it affect enrolment?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: L’exécutif local est le principal contributeur au financement de l’éducation de la petite enfance en particulier des biens et services éducatifs de base tels que la rémunération du personnel et les infrastructures scolaires. Les ménages et autres entités privées assument une plus grande part des coûts qu’aux autres niveaux d’enseignement, notamment pour les services auxiliaires tels que la restauration, la santé scolaire et le transport. Les dépenses publiques au titre des établissements d’enseignement, les transferts et les subventions du secteur privé, ainsi que les modalités d’affectation des financements, peuvent contribuer à accroître la participation à l’éducation de la petite enfance. L’augmentation des dépenses au titre de l’éducation de la petite enfance ne se traduit pas systématiquement par une élévation des taux de scolarisation, les financements pouvant être utilisés pour améliorer la qualité de l’apprentissage en revalorisant le salaire des enseignants, en investissant davantage dans les équipements scolaires ou en privilégiant la réduction du nombre d’élèves par enseignant.
    DOI: 10.1787/1d0c1a0e-fr
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  • 86
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    What kinds of activities are common among teenagers who work well with others? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.84
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Quels types d’activités pratiquent en général les adolescents ayant de bonnes compétences de collaboration ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Schools are not just four walls inside of which students learn how to read, write and think. Schools provide a venue where young people meet each other, and where they develop relationships and friendships that may last for decades. At school, students socialise and hone the interpersonal skills that are required to function effectively in the workplace and in society at large. Employers value such skills more now than ever before: wages have risen more for jobs that demand a high level of social skills than for jobs that require only a low level of social skills. But until now, there was no measure of students’ ability to work together that was consistent across countries. PISA changed that when it introduced its collaborative problem-solving assessment in 2015, which, more specifically, measured students’ ability to work together to solve problems and achieve goals.
    DOI: 10.1787/7cb73373-en
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  • 87
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    How do science teachers teach science - and does it matter? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (8 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.90
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Comment les professeurs de sciences enseignent-ils leur discipline – et cela fait-il une différence ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Much ink has been spilled debating the merits of different science-teaching practices. Proponents of enquiry-based science teaching argue that this approach exposes students to the procedures used by professional scientists, while the proponents of traditional practices emphasise the role of teachers in transmitting knowledge about science and in guiding students’ learning. So what is the best practice to use and is success contingent on the school environment? PISA 2015 asked students about the teaching practices they are exposed to at school. The analysis of these data reveals interesting findings about the effectiveness of certain teaching practices, particularly enquiry-based science activities and teacher-directed science instruction.
    DOI: 10.1787/f3ac3fd6-en
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  • 88
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    Dilemmas of central governance and distributed autonomy in education (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (43 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.189
    Keywords: Education ; Netherlands
    Abstract: Prepared for a Strategic Education Governance learning seminar, this working paper analyses the ways in which the Dutch government tried to reach overarching goals in education, in a system characterised by a high degree of distributed autonomy of education institutions and the participation of multiple actors, and consequently a government highly dependent on the collaboration with stakeholders. The paper introduces four perspectives on governance: ‘traditional public administration’, ‘new public management’, ‘network governance’ and ‘societal resilience’. In practice, these perspectives do not exclude each other. Based on three cases the paper shows that the Dutch government used simultaneously different perspectives in each case and across the cases, in various combinations. Each combination proved to have its pros and cons. The paper argues for a deliberate consideration and choice of governance perspectives as an important element of policy preparation.
    DOI: 10.1787/060260bf-en
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  • 89
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    Performance et climat des établissements : Quel lien avec l’expérience des enseignants ? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (5 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA à la loupe no.88
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe How are school performance and school climate related to teachers’ experience?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Les élèves des établissements les plus performants obtiennent, en moyenne, des scores nettement supérieurs aux évaluations PISA à ceux de leurs pairs des établissements les moins performants. Certains aspects du climat de l’établissement, tels que le climat de discipline dans les cours de sciences, varient aussi sensiblement entre les établissements. Ces variations inter-établissements de la performance et du climat de discipline sont fortement liées aux différences de statut socio-économique de l’effectif d’élèves des établissements. En outre, les établissements où les enseignants sont plus expérimentés tendent à obtenir de meilleurs résultats aux évaluations PISA et présentent, en classe, un climat plus propice à l’apprentissage.
    DOI: 10.1787/6b69575b-fr
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  • 90
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    France: Améliorer l’efficience du système de santé (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (53 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1455
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe France: improving the efficiency of the health-care system
    Keywords: Economics ; France
    Abstract: Le système de santé français offre des soins de haute qualité. Les résultats moyens sur le plan de la santé sont bons, le public est très satisfait du système de santé et les restes à charge sont en moyenne faibles. Comme dans d’autres pays de l’OCDE, le progrès technologique accroît l’espérance et la qualité de vie, alors que la population vieillissante nécessite des services toujours plus nombreux et diversifiés. Les principales difficultés consistent à inciter les professionnels de la santé à adopter un comportement efficient, à enrayer la hausse des dépenses pharmaceutiques, à renforcer le rôle des assureurs en tant qu’agents acheteurs et à assurer la maîtrise des coûts. Une information de bonne qualité et des mécanismes de financement appropriés renforceraient les incitations à l’efficience. Les différences de couverture selon les maladies et les groupes sociaux montrent la nécessité de prêter davantage attention à la coordination entre l’assurance maladie obligatoire et l’assurance complémentaire. Les réformes en cours visant à améliorer la coordination entre les professionnels de santé et à renforcer le rôle de la prévention vont dans le bon sens. Cependant, le développement de mécanismes de rémunération à la capitation qui permettent d’avoir moins d’incitations à multiplier les actes et d’encourager les professionnels de santé à s’occuper plus longtemps des patients, tout comme les paiements en fonction des résultats dans les soins primaires doivent être renforcés afin de faire face à la prévalence croissante des maladies chroniques et de réduire la demande induite par l’offre et les disparités sociales en terme d’accès aux soins.
    DOI: 10.1787/7801e7d4-fr
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  • 91
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    Comment l’enquête PISA mesure-t-elle les compétences de collaboration des élèves ? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (5 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA à la loupe no.77
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe How does PISA measure students’ ability to collaborate?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: La capacité à résoudre individuellement des problèmes non familiers est certes essentielle, mais dans notre monde de plus en plus interconnecté, nous sommes souvent amenés à collaborer pour atteindre nos objectifs, tant dans notre vie professionnelle que privée. Le travail en équipe présente de nombreux avantages : il permet de disposer de tout un éventail de points de vue et d’expériences ; des synergies peuvent se créer entre les membres du groupe ; et enfin, il est possible de procéder à une division du travail et à une répartition des tâches en fonction des points forts de chacun. La collaboration peut toutefois aussi présenter son lot de difficultés. Si la répartition des tâches n’est pas efficace, deux membres du groupe peuvent se retrouver à effectuer le même travail. Des tensions interpersonnelles et une mauvaise communication au sein du groupe peuvent également l’empêcher d’exploiter pleinement son potentiel. Si elles ne sont peut-être pas innées chez tous, les compétences de collaboration peuvent néanmoins se développer avec le temps et la pratique. C’est pourquoi l’enquête PISA 2015 a décidé d’étendre son investigation au-delà de la résolution individuelle de problèmes et de mesurer – pour la toute première fois dans une évaluation internationale – la capacité des élèves à collaborer pour la résolution de problèmes.
    DOI: 10.1787/f357f15a-fr
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 92
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    How are school performance and school climate related to teachers’ experience? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (5 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.88
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Performance et climat des établissements : Quel lien avec l’expérience des enseignants ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Research studies indicate that experienced teachers are more effective, but also suggest multiple explanations why this might be the case – whether because teachers gain valuable skills on the job and through formal professional development opportunities, or because the least effective teachers tend to quit teaching earlier, while more effective teachers remain in the profession. Each of these possible reasons has distinct implications for policy: from increasing hiring standards, improving teacher training and raising the attractiveness of the teaching profession, to ensuring that novice teachers receive the necessary support to quickly learn the tools of the trade and taking measures to prevent good teachers from dropping out of the profession.
    DOI: 10.1787/af992283-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 93
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    Comment l’utilisation d’Internet a-t’elle évolué entre 2012 et 2015 ? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA à la loupe no.83
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe How has Internet use changed between 2012 and 2015?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Dans le monde en constante expansion de la technologie numérique, la vitesse est le maître-mot : les processeurs informatiques doublent leur performance tous les deux ans depuis des décennies ; la nouvelle génération de téléphonie mobile 5G devrait être environ 100 fois plus rapide que la 4G actuelle et 20 000 fois plus rapide que son « ancêtre », la 3G ; et, d’après l’Union internationale des télécommunications, la part de la population mondiale utilisant Internet est passée de 34 % à 48 % rien que ces 5 dernières années. Cette révolution numérique bouleverse-t-elle la vie des adolescents à un rythme aussi effréné ? Les jeunes de 15 ans sont-ils de plus en plus connectés à Internet ? Et ces transformations contribuent-elles à combler la fracture numérique ?
    DOI: 10.1787/9d90dd45-fr
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  • 94
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    Dreifach benachteiligt? : Ein erster Überblick über die Integration weiblicher Flüchtlinge (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (39 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Triple Disadvantage?: A first overview of the integration of refugee women
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: 45% der Flüchtlinge in Europa sind Frauen. Über ihre Integrationsergebnisse und die spezifischen Herausforderungen, mit denen sie konfrontiert sind, ist jedoch nur wenig bekannt. In diesem Bericht werden frühere Forschungsarbeiten zur Integration weiblicher Flüchtlinge, sowohl im Vergleich zu männlichen Flüchtlingen als auch zu anderen Migrantinnen, zusammengefasst. Darüber hinaus werden neue Vergleichsdaten aus aus-gewählten europäischen und nichteuropäischen OECD-Ländern präsentiert. Weibliche Flüchtlinge sind einer Reihe von besonderen Integrationsherausforderungen ausgesetzt. So sind ihre Gesundheits-, Bildungs- und Arbeitsmarktergebnisse beispielsweise ungünstiger als die männlicher Flüchtlinge, die ihrerseits bereits gegenüber anderen Migrantengruppen benachteiligt sind. Zudem ist bei geflüchteten Frauen ein Jahr nach der Ankunft im Aufnahmeland eine Geburtenspitze zu beobachten. Viele weibliche Flüchtlinge kommen aus Ländern, in denen erhebliche Ungleichheiten zwischen Männern und Frauen herrschen und die Frauenerwerbstätigkeit im Allgemeinen gering ist. Allerdings besteht nur eine geringe Korrelation zwischen den Indikatoren der geschlechtsspezifischen Differenzen bei Erwerbsbeteiligung und Beschäftigung in den Herkunfts- und den Aufnahmeländern. Dies lässt den Schluss zu, dass die Integrationsherausforderungen durch beschäftigungs- und bildungspolitische Maßnahmen im Aufnahmeland bewältigt werden können. Der Bericht stellt außerdem fest, dass die Förderung des Erwerbs grundlegender Kompetenzen (Bildungsniveau, Sprache des Aufnahmelandes) zu deutlich verbesserten Arbeitsmarkt-ergebnissen führt. Ferner ist ein generationsübergreifender positiver Effekt auf die Kinder von Flüchtlingsfrauen zu beobachten. Daher scheinen strukturierte Integrations-programme, wie sie in den skandinavischen Ländern angeboten werden, eine lohnende Investition zu sein.
    DOI: 10.1787/b0cf3f35-de
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  • 95
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    El comercio al servicio de todos (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (38 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Making trade work for all
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Mettre les échanges au service de tous
    Keywords: Employment
    Abstract: En el contexto de un sentimiento creciente anti-globalización, este informe sostiene que, si bien hay buenas razones para que algunas personas se sientan contrariadas, el comercio no es el origen de muchos de los problemas, ni puede resolverlos por sí solo. Lo que se necesita es un enfoque integrado para hacer que todo el sistema funcione mejor para todos. Esto significa tres cosas. En primer lugar, crear las condiciones para que se puedan materializar beneficios derivados del comercio a través de las políticas nacionales que creen oportunidades y favorezcan la innovación y la competencia mediante la reducción de costes innecesarios del comercio y la inversión en las personas y en infraestructura física y digital. En segundo lugar, hacer más para sacar a todos adelante, incluyendo en las regiones rezagadas en las que pueden concentrase los impactos del comercio. En tercer lugar, hacer que el sistema internacional funcione mejor, aprovechando toda la gama de herramientas de la cooperación económica internacional para nivelar el terreno de juego internacional, abordando las lagunas en las reglas y haciendo más para asegurarse de que todo el mundo, empresas y países, respeten las reglas.
    DOI: 10.1787/387d2666-es
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 96
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    Social and emotional skills for student success and well-being : Conceptual framework for the OECD study on social and emotional skills (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (136 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.173
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: In an increasingly fast-changing, complex and diverse world, social and emotional skills are becoming ever more important. In this paper we present an overview of literature on social and emotional skills, describing the nature and structure of these skills, their development, malleability and factors that influence them, their cross-cultural comparability and their relevance for a wide range of educational, economic and life outcomes. The paper also represents a conceptual framework for the OECD’s new Study on Social and Emotional Skills, an international survey that assesses 10- and 15-year-old students in a number of cities and countries around the world. We focus on the underlying skills within and outside of the widely researched Big Five model that are found to be more predictive and policy relevant. We examine the relationships of these skills with a variety of indicators of individual and societal well-being such as education, employment and income, health, and personal well-being. The paper discusses the structure of child’s social and emotional skills and the developmental trajectories of these skills across a lifetime. It presents the evidence of malleability of these skills as well as their relevance across a wide range of cultural contexts.
    DOI: 10.1787/db1d8e59-en
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  • 97
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    How is the tertiary-educated population evolving? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: Education Indicators in Focus no.61
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Diplômés de l’enseignement tertiaire : Quelles évolutions ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Over the next decade, a growing proportion of young adults are expected to attain tertiary education, with China and India leading the way – in particular in the fast-growing and highly relevant fields of STEM. Nonetheless, while women in OECD and G20 countries are expected to experience a greater increase in tertiary attainment than men, they may continue to lag behind in STEM, where they have been consistently under-represented. The challenge for the near future will be to ensure that educational systems are able to provide tertiary degrees that are both of high quality and relevance, in an equitable and inclusive manner.
    DOI: 10.1787/a17e95dc-en
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  • 98
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    How decentralised are education systems, and what does it mean for schools? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: Education Indicators in Focus no.64
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Quel est le degré de décentralisation des systèmes d’éducation et son incidence pour les établissements d’enseignement ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: School autonomy is popular but also complex and sometimes contentious. Many education systems have increased schools’ autonomy in the hope of achieving greater efficiency and closer adaptation to local needs. In some countries, however, increased autonomy has led to greater pressure on schools and local stakeholders. To be successful, school autonomy needs to be built on a set of key ingredients: a strong national framework and a clear strategic vision, well-adapted school head and teacher training programmes, solid accountability mechanisms, and the creation of a collaborative environment – between and within schools.
    DOI: 10.1787/e14575d5-en
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  • 99
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    Enseignants du primaire et du premier cycle du secondaire : Quelles similitudes et différences ? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: Les indicateurs de l'éducation à la loupe no.58
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe How do primary and secondary teachers compare?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Si le débat politique porte souvent sur la profession enseignante dans son ensemble, les enseignants du primaire et du premier cycle du secondaire diffèrent toutefois à bien des égards. Tous les pays requièrant au minimum un diplôme de licence pour accéder à la profession d’enseignant dans l’enseignement primaire ou le premier cycle de l’enseignement secondaire, mais la structure et le contenu des programmes de formation initiale varient et sont moins axés sur la pratique dans l’enseignement secondaire que dans l’enseignement primaire. Les enseignants du primaire consacrent en moyenne 10 % de plus de leur temps de travail à l’enseignement, mais la taille des classes est légèrement inférieure à ce niveau d’enseignement. Enfin, dans plus de la moitié des pays, le salaire des enseignants du primaire est moins compétitif que celui de leurs homologues du premier cycle du secondaire. L’amélioration de l’attractivité et de l’efficacité de la profession enseignante passe nécessairement par la reconnaissance de ces différences ainsi que la mise en oeuvre de politiques différenciées et à même de répondre aux défis propres à chacun de ces niveaux d’enseignement.
    DOI: 10.1787/c65867d6-fr
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  • 100
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    Changing interests and sustained knowledge in the TALIS 2018 framework (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: Teaching in Focus no.24
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Assurer la continuité des connaissances malgré l’évolution des intérêts politiques dans TALIS 2018
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: TALIS 2018 is the third cycle of this international survey of teachers and school leaders. The main data were collected in late 2017/early 2018, and initial results and data are expected to be published in June 2019. The survey’s conceptual framework reflects major concepts from research literature, as well as policy interests, and was developed by researchers in consultation with international stakeholders and participating countries/economies. The 2018 framework is organised under 11 themes that address both emerging issues in teaching and learning – including new themes of equity and diversity and innovation – and enduring issues from the two previous cycles in 2008 and 2013. TALIS 2018 focuses on lower secondary education, but also provides information about primary and upper secondary education for those countries that choose either of the options that address these levels.
    DOI: 10.1787/9550aa4e-en
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