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  • 1990-1994  (12)
  • 1990  (12)
  • Dordrecht : Springer  (12)
  • History  (12)
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  • 1990-1994  (12)
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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
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    Essays on the Context, Nature, and Influence of Isaac Newton’s Theology (1990)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400919440
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (240p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Archives Internationales D’Histoire Des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 129
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 129
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion.
    Kurzfassung: 1. Some Further Comments on Newton and Maimonides -- 2. The Crisis of Polytheism and the Answers of Vossius, Cudworth, and Newton -- 3. Polytheism, Deism, and Newton -- 4. The Newtonians and Deism -- 5. Newton’s God of Dominion: The Unity of Newton’s Theological, Scientific, and Political Thought -- 6. Newton as a Bible Scholar -- 7. Sir Isaac Newton, “Gentleman of Wide Swallow”?: Newton and the Latitudinarians -- 8. The Breakdown of the Newtonian Synthesis of Science and Religion: Hume, Newton, and the Royal Society -- 9. Newton and Fundamentalism, II -- 10. Hume’s Interest in Newton and Science.
    Kurzfassung: This collection of essays is the fruit of about fifteen years of discussion and research by James Force and me. As I look back on it, our interest and concern with Newton's theological ideas began in 1975 at Washington University in St. Louis. James Force was a graduate student in philosophy and I was a professor there. For a few years before, I had been doing research and writing on Millenarianism and Messianism in the 17th and 18th centuries, touching occasionally on Newton. I had bought a copy of Newton's Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel, and the Apocalypse of St. John for a few pounds and, occasionally, read in it. In the Spring of 1975 I was giving a graduate seminar on Millenarian and Messianic ideas in the development of modem philosophy. Force was in the seminar. One day he came very excitedly up to me and said he wanted to write his dissertation on William Whiston. At that point in history, the only thing that came to my mind about Whiston was that he had published a, or the, standard translation of Josephus (which I also happened to have in my library. ) Force told me about the amazing views he had found in Whiston's notes on Josephus and in some of the few writings he could find in St. Louis by, or about, Whiston, who was Newton's successor as Lucasian Professor of mathematics at Cambridge and who wrote inordinately on Millenarian theology.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-1944-0
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  • 2
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    Experimental Inquiries : Historical, Philosophical and Social Studies of Experimentation in Science (1990)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400920576
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (300p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 8
    Serie: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 8
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    Schlagwort(e): Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Natural Philosophy, Experiment and Discourse in the 18th Century -- The Force and Reason of Experiment -- The Dynamometer and the Diemenese -- Humphry Davy and the ‘Lever of Experiment’ -- The Nine Lives of Gregor Mendel -- Manipulable Systems and Laboratory Strategies in a Biomedical Research Institute -- Experiment and the Molecularity of Meaning -- Openness and Closure: On the Goals of Scientific Practice -- Is a Picture Worth a Thousand Experiments? -- Notes on Contributors.
    Kurzfassung: The institutionalization of History and Philosophy of Science as a distinct field of scholarly endeavour began comparatively early -- though not always under that name -- in the Australasian region. An initial lecturing appointment was made at the University of Melbourne imme­ diately after the Second World War, in 1946, and other appointments followed as the subject underwent an expansion during the 1950s and 1960s similar to that which took place in other parts of the world. Today there are major Departments at the University of Melbourne, the University of New South Wales and the University of Wollongong, and smaller groups active in many other parts of Australia and in New Zealand. 'Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science' aims to provide a distinctive publication outlet for Australian and New Zealand scholars working in the general area of history, philosophy and social studies of science. Each volume comprises a group of essays on a connected theme, edited by an Australian or a New Zealander with special expertise in that particular area. Papers address general issues, however, rather than local ones; parochial topics are avoided. Further­ more, though in each volume a majority of the contributors is from Australia or New Zealand, contributions from elsewhere are by no means ruled out. Quite the reverse, in fact -- they are actively encour­ aged wherever appropriate to the balance of the volume in question.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-2057-6
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  • 3
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    Broad and Narrow Interpretations of Philosophy of Technology (1990)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400905573
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (216p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophy and Technology 7
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Ethics ; History ; Technology—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: I The Nature of Philosophy of Technology -- In Search of a New Prometheus -- Defining Horizons: A Reply to Joseph C. Pitt -- Process Themes in Frederick Ferré’s Philosophy of Technology -- Clarifying and Applying Intelligence: A Reply to Peter Limper -- II Deficiencies in Engineering Ethics -- Imagination for Engineering Ethicists -- Engineering Ethics and Political Imagination -- III Systems Theories -- Computer and World Picture: A Critical Appraisal of Herbert A. Simon -- Changes in Cognitive and Value Orientations in System Design -- IV Historical, Cultural, and Political Critiques -- Democratic Socialism and Technological Change -- Philosophy, Engineering, and Western Culture -- Alternatives for Evaluating the Effects of Genetic Engineering on Human Development -- The Alarmist View of Technology -- An Interpretation of Jacques Ellul’s Dialectical Method.
    Kurzfassung: BACKGROUND: DEPARTMENTS, SPECIALIZATION, AND PROFESSIONALIZATION IN AMERICAN HIGHER EDUCATION For over half of its history, U.S. higher education turned out mostly cler­ gymen and lawyers. Looking back on that period, we might be tempted to think that this meant specialized training for the ministry or the practice of law. That, however, was not the case. What a college education in the U.S. prepared young men (almost exclusively) for, from the founding of Harvard College in 1636 through the founding of hundreds of denominational colleges in the first two-thirds of the nineteenth century, was leadership in the community. Professionalization and specialization only began to take root, and then became the dominant mode in U.S. higher education, in the period roughly from 1860--1920. In subsequent decades, that seemed to many critics to signal the end of what might be called "education in wisdom," the preparation of leaders for a broad range of responsibilities. Professionalization, specialization, and departmentalization of higher education in the U.S. began in the last quarter of the nineteenth century.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-0557-3
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  • 4
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    Liberty in Hume’s History of England (1990)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400905351
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (240p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Archives Internationales D’histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 130
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 130
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Political science Philosophy ; History ; Political science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: On Reading Hume’s History of Liberty -- Hume’s England as a Natural History of Morals -- Hume on Liberty in the Successive English Constitutions -- Hume’s Historical Conception of Liberty -- Hume’s History and the Parameters of Economic Development -- The Preservation of Liberty.
    Kurzfassung: LIBERTY IN HUME'S HISTORY OF ENGLAND In his own lifetime, Hume was feted by his admirers as a great historian, and even his enemies conceded that he was a controversial historian with whom one had to reckon. On the other hand, Hume failed to achieve positive recognition for his philosophical views. It was Hume's History of England that played an influential role in public policy debate during the eighteenth century in both Great Britain and in the United States. Hume's Hist01Y of England passed through seven editions and was beginning to be perceived as a classic before Hume's death. Voltaire, as an historian, considered it "perhaps the best ever written in any lan­ guage. " Gibbon greatly admired Hume's work and said, of a letter written by Hume in 1776 praising the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, that a compliment from Hume "overpaid the labor of ten years. " After Hume's death on August 20, 1776, the History became a factor in the revolutionary events that began to unfold. Louis XVI was a close student of Hume's History, and his valet records that, upon having learned that the Convention had voted the death penalty, the King asked for the volume in Hume's History covering the trial and execution of Charles I to read in the days that remained. But if Louis XVI found the consolations of philosophical history in the Stuart volumes, Thomas Jefferson saw in them a cause for alarm.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-0535-1
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  • 5
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    Greek Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science (1990)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400920156
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (428p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 121
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 121
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy, Ancient.
    Kurzfassung: I: Science Classical Greece -- 1. The Role of Observation in Plato’s Conception of Astronomy -- 2. The Unity of Scientific Inquiry and Categorial Theory in Aristotle -- 3. Knowledge and Belief in Plato’s Republic -- 4. Some Thoughts on Explanation in Ancient Philosophy -- 5. Alcmeon’s and Hippocrates’s Concept of Aetia -- 6. Experience and Causal Explanation in Medical Empiricism -- 7. Soul as Attunement: An Analogy or a Model? -- 8. The Hypotheses of Mathematics in Plato’s Republic and His Contribution to the Axiomatization of Geometry -- 9. Rediscovering Some Stoic Arguments -- 10. Models of Change: A Common Ground for Ancient Greek Philosophy and Modern Science -- 11. Criteria Concerning the Birth of a New Science: The Case of Greek Astronomy -- II: Science and the Modern Greek Enlightenment -- 12. The Idea of Science in the Modern Greek Enlightenment -- 13. The History of the Theory of Natural Sciences: A Paradigm -- III: Science Studies -- 14. Evolutionary Epistemology on Universals as Innate Classificatory Devices -- 15. The Development of Freudian Theory: The Role of the ‘Centre’ and the ‘Excentric’ in Theory Production and Diffusion -- 16. Law and Economics: Methodological Problems in Their Interdisciplinary Cooperation -- IV: Studies of Physics -- 17. From Gases and Liquids to Fluids: The Formation of New Concepts During the Development of Theories of Liquids -- 18. A Matter of Order: A Controversy between Heisenberg and London -- 19. Once Again on the Meaning of Physical Concepts -- 20. Locality: A New Enigma for Physics -- V: Philosophical Studies -- 21. Schlick’s Epistemology and Its Contribution to Modern Empiricism -- 22. On Theoretical Terms -- 23. Leibniz on Density and Sequential or Cauchy Completeness -- 24. Frege: Theory of Meaning or Philosophy of Science? -- 25. The Plato-Wittgenstein Route to the Pragmatics of Falsification -- 26. Wittgenstein, Rationality and Relativism -- Notes on the Authors.
    Kurzfassung: Our Greek colleagues, in Greece and abroad, must know (indeed they do know) how pleasant it is to recognize the renaissance of the philosophy of science among them with this fine collection. Classical and modern, technical and humane, historical and logical, admirably original and respectfully traditional, these essays will deserve close study by philosophical readers throughout the world. Classical scholars and historians of science likewise will be stimulated, and the historians of ancient as well as modern philosophers too. Reviewers might note one or more of the contributions as of special interest, or as subject to critical wrestling (that ancient tribute); we will simply congratulate Pantelis Nicolacopoulos for assembling the essays and presenting the book, and we thank the contributors for their works and for their happy agreement to let their writings appear in this book. R. S. C. xi INTRODUCTORY REMARKS Neither philosophy nor science is new to Greece, but philosophy of science is. There are broader (socio-historical) and more specific (academic) reasons that explain, to a satisfactory degree, both the under-development of philosophy and history of science in Greece until recently and its recent development to international standards. It is, perhaps, not easy to have in mind the fact that the modem Greek State is only 160 years old (during quite a period of which it was consider­ ably smaller than it is today, its present territory having been settled after World War II).
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-2015-6
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  • 6
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    Statistics in Science : The Foundations of Statistical Methods in Biology, Physics and Economics (1990)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789400906198
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (200p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 122
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 122
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    Schlagwort(e): Biology Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Statistics ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Biology—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Method, Theory, and Statistics: The Lesson of Physics -- The Theory of Natural Selection as a Null Theory -- Causality and Exogeneity in econometric models -- Statistics in Expert Resolution: A Theory of Weights for Combining Expert Opinion -- Short and Long Term Survival Analysis in Oncological Research -- A Statistical Approach to the Study of Pollen Fitness -- Statistics in Genetics: Human Migrations Detected by Multivariate Techniques -- Quantum Probability and the Foundations of Quantum Theory -- Indistinguishability, Interchangeability and Indeterminism -- The Non Frequency Approach to Elementary Particle Statistics -- Name Index.
    Kurzfassung: An inference may be defined as a passage of thought according to some method. In the theory of knowledge it is customary to distinguish deductive and non-deductive inferences. Deductive inferences are truth preserving, that is, the truth of the premises is preserved in the con­ clusion. As a result, the conclusion of a deductive inference is already 'contained' in the premises, although we may not know this fact until the inference is performed. Standard examples of deductive inferences are taken from logic and mathematics. Non-deductive inferences need not preserve truth, that is, 'thought may pass' from true premises to false conclusions. Such inferences can be expansive, or, ampliative in the sense that the performances of such inferences actually increases our putative knowledge. Standard non-deductive inferences do not really exist, but one may think of elementary inductive inferences in which conclusions regarding the future are drawn from knowledge of the past. Since the body of scientific knowledge is increasing, it is obvious that the method of science must allow non-deductive as well as deductive inferences. Indeed, the explosive growth of science in recent times points to a prominent role for the former. Philosophers of science have long tried to isolate and study the non-deductive inferences in science. The inevitability of such inferences one the one hand, juxtaposed with the poverty of all efforts to identify them, constitutes one of the major cognitive embarrassments of our time.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-0619-8
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  • 7
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    Georg Simmel and Contemporary Sociology (1990)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789400904590
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (400p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 119
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 119
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    Schlagwort(e): Social sciences ; Social sciences Philosophy ; History ; Sociology. ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Kurzfassung: One: Simmel as a Puzzling Figure -- Two: Simmel as a Puzzling Figure for Contemporary Sociology -- On the Current Rediscovery of Georg Simmel’s Sociology — A European Point of View -- Georg Simmel’s Concept of Society -- Georg Simmel and the Study of Modernity -- The World as Human Construction -- Four Concepts of Social Science at Berlin University: Dilthey, Lazarus, Schmoller and Simmel -- Simmel’s Contribution to Parsons’ Action Theory and its Fate -- Simmel on Memory -- Social Differentiation and Modernity: On Simmel’s Macrosociology -- Simmel’s Sociology in Relation to Schopenhauer’s Philosophy -- Simmel on the Ratio of Subjective Values to Objective Cultural Possibilities -- On the Concept of “Erleben” in Georg Simmers Sociology -- Georg Simmel as an Analyst of Autonomous Dynamics: The Merry-Go-Round of Fashion -- Simmel, Individuality, and Fundamental Change -- Georg Simmel’s Theory of Culture -- The Groundwork of Simmel’s New “Storey” Beneath Historical Materialism -- Georg Simmel and the Cultural Dilemma of Women -- Dimensions of Conflict: Georg Simmel on Modern Life -- Simmel’s Influence on Lukács’s Conception of the Sociology of Art -- Simmel’s Metaphysics -- INDEX OF NAMES.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-0459-0
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  • 8
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    Through Measurement to Knowledge : The Selected Papers of Heike Kamerlingh Onnes 1853-1926 (1990)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789400920798
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (688p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 124
    DDC: 530.01
    Schlagwort(e): Physics ; Science Philosophy ; History
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-2079-8
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  • 9
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    Experiment and the Making of Meaning : Human Agency in Scientific Observation and Experiment (1990)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789400907072
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 311 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Science and Philosophy 5
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: 1: Agency in Observation and Experiment -- 1: The Procedural Turn -- 2: Action and Interpretation -- 3: Making Perception Possible -- 4: Making Curves -- 5: Making Circular Motion -- 6: Representing Experimentation -- 2: Making Natural Phenomena -- 7: A Realistic Role for Experiment -- 8: The Experimenter’s Redress -- 9: Empiricism in Practice -- 10: Experiment and Meaning -- Notes -- Name Index.
    Kurzfassung: . . . the topic of 'meaning' is the one topic discussed in philosophy in which there is literally nothing but 'theory' - literally nothing that can be labelled or even ridiculed as the 'common sense view'. Putnam, 'The Meaning of Meaning' This book explores some truths behind the truism that experimentation is a hallmark of scientific activity. Scientists' descriptions of nature result from two sorts of encounter: they interact with each other and with nature. Philosophy of science has, by and large, failed to give an account of either sort of interaction. Philosophers typically imagine that scientists observe, theorize and experiment in order to produce general knowledge of natural laws, knowledge which can be applied to generate new theories and technologies. This view bifurcates the scientist's world into an empirical world of pre-articulate experience and know­ how and another world of talk, thought and argument. Most received philosophies of science focus so exclusively on the literary world of representations that they cannot begin to address the philosophical problems arising from the interaction of these worlds: empirical access as a source of knowledge, meaning and reference, and of course, realism. This has placed the epistemological burden entirely on the predictive role of experiment because, it is argued, testing predictions is all that could show that scientists' theorizing is constrained by nature. Here a purely literary approach contributes to its own demise. The epistemological significance of experiment turns out to be a theoretical matter: cruciality depends on argument, not experiment.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-0707-2
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  • 10
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    Nature, Experiment, and the Sciences : Essays on Galileo and the History of Science in Honour of Stillman Drake (1990)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789400918788
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (376p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 120
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 120
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    Schlagwort(e): Science Philosophy ; History ; Science—History. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Astronomy—Observations. ; Physics—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: I Galileo Studies -- The Dating and Significance of Galileo’s Pisan Manuscripts -- Galileo Galilei: An Astronomer at Work -- Galileo’s Theorem of Equivalence: The Missing Keystone of his Theory of Motion -- Was Galileo a Metaphysicist? -- Drake against the Philosophers -- II From The Renaissance to the Scientific Revolution -- Alhazen’s Debt to Ptolemy’s Optics -- Regiomontanus on the Critical Problems of Astronomy -- III Science Since Galileo -- G. D. Cassini and the Number of the Planets: An Example of Seventeenth-Century Astro-Numerological Patronage -- Lavoisier: Language, Instruments and the Chemical Revolution -- The Inductive Sciences in Nineteenth-Century England -- Darwin Studies at Work: A Re-examination of Three Decisive Years (1835–37) -- The Background to Heinrich Hertz’s Experiments in Electrodynamics -- Science and History of Science -- IV Concerning Books -- The Stillman Drake Galileo Collection -- A Bibliography of the Writings of Stillman Drake, compiled by James MacLachlan -- Index Of Names.
    Kurzfassung: This collection of essays is a tribute to Stillman Drake by some of his friends and colleagues, and by others on whom his work has had a formative influence. It is difficult to know him without succumbing to his combination of discipline and enthusiasm, even in fields remote from Renaissance physics and natural philosophy; and so he should not be surprised in this volume to see emphases and methods congenial to him, even on topics as remote as Darwin or the chemical revolution. Therein lies whatever unity the discerning reader may find in this book, beyond the natural focus and coherence of the largest section, on Galileo, and the final section on Drake's collection of books, a major and now accessible resource for research in the field that he has made his own. We have chosen, as the occasion for presenting the volume to Stillman Drake, Galileo's birthday; Galileo has had more than one birthday party in Toronto since Drake came to the University of Toronto. As for the title, it reflects a shared conviction that experiment is the key to science; it is what scientists do. Drake has already asserted that emphasis in the title of his magisterial Galileo at Work, and we echo it here. Those who have had the privilege and pleasure of working and arguing with Stillman over the years know his tenacity, penetration, and vigour. They also know his generosity and humility. We owe him much.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-1878-8
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  • 11
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    The New Aspects of Time : Its Continuity and Novelties (1990)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789400921238
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (380p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 125
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 125
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Physics—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: I. The Problems of Time in Psychology -- 1. Stream of Consciousness and durée réelle -- 2. The Elusive Nature of the Past -- 3. The Fiction of Instants -- 4. Two Types of Continuity -- 5. Process and Personality in Bergson’s Thought -- 6. Russell’s Hidden Bergsonism -- II. Matter, Causation, and Time -- 7. The Development of Reichenbach’s Epistemology -- 8. The Significance of Piaget’s Researches on the Psychogenesis of Atomism -- 9. Toward a Widening of the Notion of Causality -- 10. Simple Location and Fragmentation of Reality -- 11. Particles or Events? -- III. The Status of Time in the Relativistic Physics -- 12. The End of the Laplacian Illusion -- 13. Eternal Recurrence — Once More -- 14. Note About Whitehead’s Definition of Co-Presence -- 15. Bergson and Louis De Broglie -- 16. What is Living and What is Dead in the Bergsonian Critique of Relativity -- 17. Time-Space Rather than Space-Time -- IV. Bibliography of Mili??apek.
    Kurzfassung: At last his students and colleagues, his friends and his friendly critics, his fellow-scientist and fellow-philosophers, have the works of Milic Capek before them in one volume, aside from his books of course. Now the development of his interests and his thoughts, always led centrally by his concern to understand 'the philosophical impact of contemporary physics', becomes clear. In the nearly 90 essays and papers, and in his book on the philosophical impact as well as his classical restatement of process philosophy in his Bergson and Modern Physics, Professor Capek establishes one of the fundamental alternatives to the comprehension of human experience, and thereby of the world. Capek is certainly to be seen with respect and admiration, for he has dealt with the deepest and toughest of scientific as well as metaphysical problems: his major efforts in the philosophy of mind focussed upon the time of experience, and in the philosophy of physics focussed upon continuity, causality and again the temporal, now in the world-picture.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-2123-8
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 12
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    The Polish School of Philosophy of Medicine : From Tytus Chalubinski (1820-1889) to Ludwik Fleck (1896-1961) (1990)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400921351
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (304p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophy and Medicine 37
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; medicine Philosophy ; Medicine ; Medical ethics ; History ; Medicine—History. ; Medicine—Philosophy. ; Bioethics.
    Kurzfassung: I. Introduction: Philosophy of Medicine in Poland -- II. The Last Follower of ‘Medical Systems’ or a Pioneer of a New Approach to Therapy? -- II.a. Text of Cha?ubi?iski: Excerpts from The Method of Finding Therapeutic Indications (1874) -- III. Edmund Biernacki on the Science of Diseases and the Art of Healing -- III.a. Text of Biernacki: Excerpts from The Essence and the Limits of Medical Knowledge (1898) -- IV. W?adys?aw Biega?ski Between the Logic of Science and the Logic of Medicine -- IV.a. Texts of Biega?ski: Excerpts from General Problems of the Theory of Medical Sciences (1897) -- Thoughts and Aphorisms on Medical Ethics (1899) -- The Logic of Medicine or the Critique of Medical Knowledge (1908) -- V. Zygmunt Kramsztyk and the Critical Evaluation of Medical Practice -- V.a. Texts of Kramsztyk: ‘Rational Treatment’ (1897) -- ‘Is Medicine an Art or a Science?’ (1895) -- ‘A Clinical Fact’ (1898) -- ‘On Being-up to Date’ (1907) -- VI. From Medical Critique to the Archives of the History and Philosophy of Medicine: The Institutionalization of Polish School of Philosophy of Medicine -- VI.a. Texts of Wrzosek and Trzebi?ski: Wrzosek: ‘Trends in contemporary medicine’ (1900) -- Trzebi?ski: ‘Rationality and ‘Rationalism’ in Medicine’ (1925) -- ‘Absurdity in Medicine’ (1927) -- VII. From Philosophy of Medicine to a Constructivist and Relativist Epistemology -- VII.a. Texts of Fleck and Bilikiewicz Fleck: ‘some Specific Features of the Medical Way of Thinking’ (1927) -- Fleck: ‘On the Crisis of ‘Reality’’ (1929) -- Fleck: ‘Science and Social Context’ (1939) -- Bilikiewicz: ‘Comments on Ludwik Fleck’s ‘Science and Social Context’’ (1939) -- Fleck: ‘Rejoinder to the Comments of Tadeusz Bilikiewicz’ (1939) -- Bilikiewicz: ‘Reply to the Rejoinder by Ludwik Fleck’ (1939) -- VIII. Conclusions: Philosophizing at the Bedside -- Name Index.
    Kurzfassung: My 'discovery' of the Polish School of philosophy of medicine stemmed from my studies in the genesis of Ludwik Fleck's epistemology. These studies, and my interest in the scientific roots of Fleck's epistemology were a nearly 'natural' result of my own biography: like Fleck I had been trained, an had worked as an immunologist, and had later switched to studies in the social history of medicine and biology. Moreover, it so happened that Fleck's book, Genesis and Development of a Scientific Fact -the description of a science as it is, not as it should be -was the first epistemological study in which I found echos of my experience in the laboratory. My interest in Fleck was also highlightened by the fact that in his works, and, as I discovered later, in the works of his predecessors of the Polish School of philosophy of medicine, was formulated the problem that had stimulated my interest in the history of medicine and biology, and is still central to my present investigations: the relationships between biological knowledge and clinical practice. The writing of the book was made possible through to the help of many colleagues and friends. The unfailing support for my research, whatever its subject might be, from my colleagues from Unit 158 of INSERM and in particular from its head Patrice Pinell, has made my study of the Polish School possible.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-2135-1
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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