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  • 1
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 2012 -
    DDC: 380
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Migration ; Minderheit
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  • 2
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 2012 -
    DDC: 380
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Migration ; Minderheit
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher Education Management and Policy Vol. 24, no. 2, p. 29-41 | volume:24 | year:2013 | number:2 | pages:29-41
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (13 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Titel der Quelle: Higher Education Management and Policy
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 24, no. 2, p. 29-41
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:24
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:29-41
    Keywords: Education ; Australia
    Abstract: Southern Cross University (SCU) has established a pathways college to increase access to and widen participation in higher education for people in regional areas of Australia. While many Australian universities have preparatory colleges associated with them, SCU College has been designed to make it unique in the sector. SCU College will operate under close contractual collaboration with the two vocational education institutes of Technical and Further Education (TAFE) in its footprint, North Coast TAFE and the Gold Coast Institute of TAFE. The core offerings of SCU College will be generic associate degrees in arts, business, allied health and science, offered on SCU campuses, at learning centres on the campuses of the three partners and by distance. Graduates from the College will be able to articulate into SCU degree courses. Survey data reveal that there are thousands of people in this region who are not qualified for direct entry into university, who do not wish to study at TAFE institutes and who are unable or unwilling to travel to study. The associate degrees are designed to provide generic skills for these people within a discipline context with enhanced study support from local College staff. The author demonstrates the process involved in creating the SCU pathways College noting that its creation fills an educational gap that responds to removing barriers and enhancing access, as well as successful outcomes noting that in detailing the main steps, strategies and design necessities involved may be of value for duplicating similar institutions, in Australia and elsewhere.
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher Education Management and Policy Vol. 24, no. 2, p. 43-54 | volume:24 | year:2013 | number:2 | pages:43-54
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (12 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Titel der Quelle: Higher Education Management and Policy
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 24, no. 2, p. 43-54
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:24
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:43-54
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: The authors present a case study discussing student-oriented initiatives to enhance academic achievement. They focus on the academic, psychosocial and motivational weaknesses of students showing how these can be overcome with strategic projects to aid students in their first year of higher education. The case study, a multi-million US dollar project at a regional, state-owned university, the University of Bío-Bío, occurred over a three-year span – 2007-10. The various initiatives created under the auspices of the project take into account the reality that 78.9% of the students are from the lower socio-economic quintiles of the population and have gaps in their linguistic and scientific knowledge, and lack the skills, learning attitudes, learning strategies and motivation necessary for success. By means of descriptive analysis and gap analysis, it is shown that the implementation of additional academic, psychosocial and motivational support initiatives reduce student dropout rates to 8.7% and 33.7% (in first and third year, respectively); reduce course completion times to 5.1, 5.6 and 7.7 years (in 4-, 5- and 6-year courses, respectively); improve employment, with satisfaction levels of 85% and 95% among graduates and employers; and increase accredited programmes by 82%. This article contributes to the body of knowledge focusing on methods to enhance national and international education systems, providing strategies to reduce the gap between students’ skills upon admission and those needed to attain academic success in higher education.
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 13, no. 1, p. 45-56 | volume:13 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:45-56
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (12 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 13, no. 1, p. 45-56
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:13
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:45-56
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Netherlands
    Abstract: CPB forecasts for the next year and for the next period of government should be seen as well-motivated estimates based on all recent information, plausible assumptions and expected trends. These assumptions and trends are partly based on econometric estimation methods and insights from economic theory. However, the economy is a chaotic system in which small events can have major effects at short notice. Even when major uncertainties and risks are well understood, it remains impossible to indicate where and when a little spark will kindle a great fire or when the bubble in (e.g.) the housing or stock market will burst. The more distant the look into the future, the more uncertain are the forecasts. For such long-term analyses, the CPB employs scenarios, extended sensitivity analyses and identification of major political choices. Policy making is like sailing in fog. The regular set of CPB forecasts helps to look forward and to monitor whether a change of course is necessary. Despite fundamental uncertainty about the future, the CPB forecasts provide a good base for political discussions and decision making, like a coalition agreement, budget and wage rate negotiations and defining a long-term policy strategy. These forecasts inform Dutch society, reduce transaction costs in economic and political decision making, and foster consensus on economic and fiscal policy.
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 12, no. 2, p. 69-140 | volume:12 | year:2013 | number:2 | pages:69-140
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (72 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 12, no. 2, p. 69-140
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:12
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:69-140
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Ukraine
    Abstract: This budget review of Ukraine first discusses some general legal, political and economic characteristics of the country and recent institutional reforms. Section 2 examines the budget formulation process with separate attention for the budget structure and classification, the annual budget preparation cycle, medium-term planning, long-term fiscal sustainability, the organisation of the Ministry of Finance, and the funding of local government. Section 3 addresses the parliamentary budget process with special attention for the Budget Committee, the annual parliamentary budget cycle, and the impact of parliament. Section 4 focuses on budget execution with special attention for the annual executive process, cash management, and budgetary discipline. Section 5 looks at the supply side of the budget process: the ministries and agencies that provide for public administration and service delivery at the level of central government, as well as such provision by local governments. Section 5 also addresses public employment, the civil service, public procurement, and the public enterprise sector. Section 6 looks at accounting and audit, with special attention for financial reporting, internal audit, and external audit. JEL classification: H610, H570, H830 Keywords: Budget formulation, budget preparation cycle, budget structure and classification, medium-term planning, long-term fiscal sustainability, parliamentary budget process, parliamentary budget committee, annual budget cycle, budget execution, cash management, budgetary discipline, public administration and service delivery, local government, public procurement, public employment, civil service, public enterprise sector, accounting, audit, financial reporting, internal audit, external audit, Ukraine.
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal: Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 1-7 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:1-7
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (7 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 1-7
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:1-7
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Empirically, the income share is procyclical for the low-income groups and acyclical for the top 5%. To generate this kind of behaviour in a DGE business cycle model, we consider overlapping generations and elastic labour supply in addition to those elements considered by Castañeda et al. (1998). We also analyse a model with rigid wages. However, these features do not help to constitute a major improvement vis-a-vis their model. JEL classification: C68, D31, E32 Keywords: Income distribution, business cycle, overlapping generations, unemployment, pensions
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal: Financial Market Trends Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 35-65 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:35-65
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (31 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Financial Market Trends
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 35-65
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:35-65
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: High values of implicit guarantees for bank debt can be taken as signalling the market’s expectation that public authorities will rescue the institution in question in times of severe financial distress. By the same token, declines in the measure would suggest a drop in the perceived likelihood of such a bailout, perhaps reflecting the availability of more effective failure resolution tools (although they could also reflect other factors such an improvement in the asset quality of banks).
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal: Economic Studies Vol. 2012, no. 1, p. 1-20 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:1 | pages:1-20
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (20 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Economic Studies
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 1, p. 1-20
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:1-20
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The global crisis of 2008-09 went hand in hand with sharp fluctuations in capital flows. To some extent, these fluctuations may have been attributable to uncertainty-averse investors indiscriminately selling assets about which they had poor information, including those in geographically distant locations. Using a gravity equation setup, this article shows that the impact of distance increases with investors’ uncertainty aversion. Consistent with a sudden increase in uncertainty, the negative impact of distance on foreign holdings increased during the global financial crisis of 2008-09. Host-country structural policies enhancing the quality of information available to foreign investors, such as strict disclosure requirements and prudential bank regulation, tended to mitigate withdrawals.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 12, no. 3, p. 1-39 | volume:12 | year:2013 | number:3 | pages:1-39
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (39 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 12, no. 3, p. 1-39
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:12
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:1-39
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Chile
    Abstract: The Chilean government is exploring several important areas of public sector reform. This article discusses performance budgeting (including spending reviews, efficiency reviews, and the Chilean performance management system), mediumterm budgeting (especially the use of forward estimates and fiscal rules), and flexibility and efficiency in budget execution. Chile’s situation as of May 2012 was analysed in the light of OECD country best practices at the annual meeting of the OECD network on performance and results in November 2012, and the article makes several suggestions for reform. JEL classification: H610 Keywords: Chile, budget structure, programme classification, formula-based performance budgeting, performance-based budgeting, evaluation, fiscal space, productivity savings mechanism, medium-term budgeting framework, MTBF, longterm projections
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear Law Bulletin Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 31-69 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:31-69
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (39 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Conflits de lois liés à la participation de la Suisse au régime de responsabilité civile de la Convention de Paris
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear Law Bulletin
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 31-69
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:31-69
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Switzerland
    Abstract: In spite of the active role Switzerland played during the negotiation process of the Paris Convention, it only recently ratified the Convention including all its amending Protocols. The whole Paris regime will become binding for Switzerland only upon entry into force of the Protocols of 2004. Concurrently, the Federal Council will put into force a revised Swiss Nuclear Liability Act and ratify the Joint Protocol. Being a party to the Paris regime and the Joint Protocol, Switzerland will be in treaty relationships with Paris states and with Vienna states which are party to the Joint Protocol.
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Bulletin de droit nucléaire Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 9-25 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:9-25
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (17 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe The post-Fukushima Daiichi response: The role of the Convention on Nuclear Safety in strengthening the legal framework for nuclear safety
    Titel der Quelle: Bulletin de droit nucléaire
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 9-25
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:9-25
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: L’accident survenu le 11 mars 2011 à la centrale nucléaire de Fukushima Daiichi exploitée par Tokyo Electric Power Company (ci-après « l’accident de Fukushima Daiichi ») a fait passer la sûreté nucléaire au premier rang des préoccupations internationales.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Bulletin de droit nucléaire Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 155-178 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:155-178
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Multilateral agreements
    Titel der Quelle: Bulletin de droit nucléaire
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 155-178
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:155-178
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Cet article décrire le statut des accords multilatéraux dans le domaine de l’énergie nucléaire depuis décembre 2012.
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  • 14
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Bulletin de droit nucléaire Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 49-98 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:49-98
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (50 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Safer nuclear energy through a higher degree of internationalisation?: International involvement versus national sovereignty
    Titel der Quelle: Bulletin de droit nucléaire
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 49-98
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:49-98
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Le 11 mars 2011, un accident nucléaire s’est produit à la centrale de Fukushima Daiichi1. Face à cette catastrophe, le directeur de l’Agence internationale de l’énergie atomique (AIEA) a, le 30 mars 2011, appelé à l’organisation d’une Conférence ministérielle sur la sûreté nucléaire qui s’est tenue à Vienne du 20 au 24 juin 2011.
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  • 15
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal: Financial Market Trends Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 79-88 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:79-88
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (10 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Financial Market Trends
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 79-88
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:79-88
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The current crisis with its on-going banking sector problems has brought to the fore various cases of financial fraud and banking scandals that have additionally undermined the already low confidence in the sector. This has raised concerns about structural flaws in the way banks operate and are being regulated and supervised. Restoring investor confidence may require new approaches to redesign the incentives, rules and regulations for the financial sector. This was the backdrop for the discussions at the October 2012 OECD Financial Roundtable that this article summarises. Topics covered the current outlook and risks for banks as well as banking business models, ethics and approaches towards risks. Participants pointed out that, while downsizing and adjusting their business models, banks had already made improvements in their risk management. At the same time, the now observed renationalisation of assets could worsen the situation particularly in the European periphery. This could be attenuated by a European Banking Union that would also help to break the detrimental link between banks and sovereigns. As banks are deleveraging, non-banks are substituting for part of the reduced bank lending, but to do so would need regulatory support – while the shadow banking sector more generally will come under closer regulatory and supervisory scrutiny. Consumer groups in particular regard financial consumer protection as important to help improve the social value of financial activities that had often been unproductive, if not destructive. Bank representatives opposed regulatory separation of bank business on the grounds that it is insufficient to address problems of risk taking and control. Finally, it was pointed out that regulatory reforms need to be targeted and harness market forces by balancing penalties and rewards. Governance of regulation should also be enhanced, and regulation should be proactive and be complemented by strong macro and micro-supervision. Co-ordinating reforms should ensure a level playing field, but a one-size-fits-all approach should be avoided.
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  • 16
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Bulletin de droit nucléaire Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 99-116 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:99-116
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (18 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Special report on the Second Annual Meeting of the Nuclear Law Association
    Titel der Quelle: Bulletin de droit nucléaire
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 99-116
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:99-116
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: La deuxième réunion annuelle de l’Association de droit nucléaire, Inde (NLA India) a eu lieu le 2 mars 2013 à Mumbai, avec cette année pour thème: « Secteur de l’énergie nucléaire en Inde: opportunités commerciales et défis juridiques ».
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  • 17
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal: Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 1-14 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:1-14
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (14 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 1-14
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:1-14
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: In this paper, I analyse the synchronisation of business cycles within the European Union (EU), as this is an important ingredient for the implementation of a successful monetary policy. The business cycles of twelve EU countries and two sub-groups of countries are extracted for the period 1989Q1-2010Q2. The cycle of G3, the group of the three largest European economies (Germany, France and Italy) is then used as a benchmark series for the comparisons. The sensitivity of the data to alternative cycle extraction methodologies is explored employing the Hodrick-Prescott and Baxter-King filters using alternative parameter specifications and leads/lags. The strength of cycle synchronisation is measured using linear regressions, crosscorrelation coefficients and the Cycle Synchronisation Index (CSI). To assess whether synchronisation is stronger after the introduction of the common currency, we also test two sub-samples pre- and post-EMU (1999Q1). The empirical results provide evidence that cycle synchronisation within the euro area has become stronger in the common currency period.
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  • 18
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear Law Bulletin Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 7-21 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:7-21
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (15 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe La réponse à l'accident de Fukushima Daiichi: Le rôle de la Conventionsur la sûreté nucléaire dans le renforcement du cadre juridiquede la sûreté nucléaire
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear Law Bulletin
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 7-21
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:7-21
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The accident at the Tokyo Electric Power Company’s Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (hereinafter the Fukushima Daiichi accident) on 11 March 2011 brought nuclear safety to the forefront of global attention.
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  • 19
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Bulletin de droit nucléaire Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 117-126 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:117-126
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (10 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Case law
    Titel der Quelle: Bulletin de droit nucléaire
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 117-126
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:117-126
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Canada ; France ; India ; Switzerland ; United States
    Abstract: Canada Recours (demande de contrôle judiciaire) contre le permis de préparation de l’emplacement de la nouvelle centrale nucléaire d’Ontario Power Generation à Darlington France Cour d’appel de Toulouse, 3ème chambre, 3 décembre 2012, n° 1200867, Golfech Poursuite pour rejet accidentel d’effluents radioactifs Cour de cassation, chambre criminelle, 14 décembre 2012, n° 11-87531 Inde Décision de la Cour suprême d’Inde dans l’action d’intérêt public relative à la centrale nucléaire de Kudankulam Suisse Autorisation d'exploiter de durée illimitée pour la centrale nucléaire de Mühleberg États-Unis Arrêt de la cour d’appel fédérale du premier circuit faisant droit à la prise en compte par la NRC de l’énergie éolienne comme option de substitution au renouvellement d’une autorisation d’exploitation en application de la loi NEPA Arrêt de la cour d’appel fédérale du deuxième circuit confirmant la compétence de la NRC pour délivrer des exemptions, et renvoyant l’affaire pour que soit prise en compte la participation du public dans la préparation de l’évaluation environnementale et la conclusion d’absence d’impact majeur Arrêt de la cour d’appel fédérale du premier circuit confirmant la décision de la NRC de ne pas rouvrir ni suspendre la procédure de renouvellement de l’autorisation d’exploitation pour la centrale de Pilgrim Arrêt de la cour d’appel fédérale du circuit du district de Columbia invalidant le transfert de compétence de la NRC vers l’État du New Jersey pour la réhabilitation d’un site industriel Arrêt de la cour d’appel fédérale pour le circuit du district de Columbia confirmant la délivrance d’une autorisation combinée de construction et d’exploitation (COL) et d’une certification modifiée de la conception
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  • 20
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 12, no. 3, p. 1-29 | volume:12 | year:2013 | number:3 | pages:1-29
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (29 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 12, no. 3, p. 1-29
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:12
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:1-29
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Abstract: The Great Recession has been an unplanned but critical stress test of contemporary fiscal policy and financial management. This article seeks to draw lessons from this crisis, whose final chapters have yet to be written. The lessons fall into two broad, overlapping categories: fiscal and economic policy; and budget procedures and practices. Section 1 looks back at the crisis in search of markers that distinguish between fiscally strong and weak countries. Section 2 looks forward to consider how national governments may avert future fiscal meltdowns by incorporating risk assessment and other early warning signals into routine budget work, and by devising more effective rules and procedures to ward off fiscal mischief. The concluding section reflects on how the practice of budgeting might be altered by shocks to established procedures.
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  • 21
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear Law Bulletin Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 131-142 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:131-142
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (12 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Activités des organisations intergouvernementales
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear Law Bulletin
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 131-142
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:131-142
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: European Atomic Energy Community Proposed legislative instrumentsAdopted legislative instrumentsNon-legislative instrumentsOther activities International Atomic Energy Agency IAEA Action Plan on Nuclear Safety OECD Nuclear Energy Agency The Russian Federation to join the OECD Nuclear Energy AgencyParticipation by the regulatory authorities of India and the United Arab Emirates in the Multinational Design Evaluation Programme (MDEP)NEA International Workshop on Crisis Communication, 9-10 May 2012International School of Nuclear Law: 2013Next NEA International Nuclear Law Essentials Course
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  • 22
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 12, no. 3, p. 1-18 | volume:12 | year:2013 | number:3 | pages:1-18
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (18 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 12, no. 3, p. 1-18
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:12
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:1-18
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Abstract: The increased vulnerability of government finances in many countries underlines the importance of public risk management. We apply a specific risk management tool – stress testing – to public finances. After presenting a general framework for stress testing government finances, we illustrate its application for the case of the Netherlands. Our analysis indicates that high levels of contingent liabilities call for sufficient shock absorption capacity in public finances. JEL classification: E62, H63 Keywords: Fiscal policy, public debt, stress test, risk management, budgetary sensitivity, implicit and explicit guarantees, Netherlands
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  • 23
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Bulletin de droit nucléaire Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 125-140 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:125-140
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe National legislative and regulatory activities
    Titel der Quelle: Bulletin de droit nucléaire
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 125-140
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:125-140
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Armenia ; Brazil ; Canada ; France ; Georgia ; Greece ; India ; Ireland ; Japan ; Lithuania ; Switzerland ; Ukraine ; United Arab Emirates ; United States
    Abstract: Arménie Sûreté nucléaire et radioprotection Brésil Cadre juridique général Canada Protection de l’environnementÉmirats arabes unisCadre juridique généralResponsabilité et indemnisation États-Unis Sûreté nucléairePréparation aux situations d’urgence France Gestion des déchets radioactifs Géorgie Sûreté nucléaire et radioprotection Grèce Sûreté nucléairePréparation et conduite des interventions d’urgence Inde Processus d’autorisation et cadre réglementaireResponsabilité et indemnisation Irlande Sûreté nucléaire et radioprotection Japon Loi instituant l’Autorité de sûreté nucléaire Lituanie Cadre juridique généralProcessus d’autorisation et cadre réglementaireSécurité nucléaireGestion des déchets radioactifs Suisse Cadre juridique général Ukraine Gestion des déchets radioactifsCadre juridique général
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  • 24
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Bulletin de droit nucléaire Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 141-153 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:141-153
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (13 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Intergovernmental organisation activities
    Titel der Quelle: Bulletin de droit nucléaire
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 141-153
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:141-153
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Agence internationale de l’énergie atomique Plan d’action de l’AIEA sur la sûreté nucléaire Agence de l’OCDE pour l’énergie nucléaire L’adhésion de la Fédération de Russie à l’Agence de l’OCDE pour l’énergie nucléaireParticipation des autorités de sûreté de l’Inde et des Émirats arabes unis au Programme multinational d’évaluation des conceptions (MDEP)Atelier international de l’AEN sur la communication de crise, 9 et 10 mai 2012École internationale de droit nucléaire 2013International Nuclear Law Essentials Communauté européenne de l’énergie atomique Propositions d’instruments législatifsInstruments législatifs adoptésInstruments non législatifsAutres activités
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  • 25
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 12, no. 3, p. 1-19 | volume:12 | year:2013 | number:3 | pages:1-19
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 12, no. 3, p. 1-19
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:12
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:1-19
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Abstract: This article shows how to combine top-down budgeting – in the core sense of the establishment of a hard aggregate expenditure ceiling at the start of the budget preparation process – with flexibility in the allocation of the aggregate ceiling between spending ministries during budget preparation. It argues strongly against determining spending ministry shares of the aggregate expenditure ceiling without any prior opportunity for them to present formal new spending proposals. The keys to reconciling top-down budgeting with allocative flexibility are: the baseline/new policy distinction; good forward estimates; a government-wide new policy pool; and spending review. JEL classification: E620, H610 Keywords: Fiscal policy, budget preparation process, top-down budgeting, expenditure ceiling, bottom-up spending requests, fiscal space, multi-year ceilings, baseline ceilings, allocative efficiency, aggregate fiscal discipline, budgeting techniques
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  • 26
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 13, no. 1, p. 9-30 | volume:13 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:9-30
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (22 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 13, no. 1, p. 9-30
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:13
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:9-30
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Canada
    Abstract: Canada is a federal country with 14 governments: federal, provincial and territorial. This article presents the results of a survey of institutional arrangements for budgeting that was conducted in 2010 among representatives of those governments. The pan-Canadian survey draws on an OECD questionnaire used in 2007 as part of the OECD International Budget Practices and Procedures Database. The analysis of sub-national government budget practices gives insights on fiscal federalism as well as the methodology for comparing.
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  • 27
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal: Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 1-16 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:1-16
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 1-16
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:1-16
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Real-time data are analysed for information on the Chilean monthly economic activity indicator IMACEC and what it indicates of the final GDP, defined as the growth rate that has been subject to at least two annual revisions. Data are presented and revisions analysed briefly. Mincer-Zarnowitz tests suggest that forecast rationality is rejected with respect to the three-month IMACEC growth rate as a nowcast of the first released quarterly GDP, as well as the first published GDP as a nowcast of the final GDP. An out-of-sample nowcasting analysis was conducted using only data which were available in real-time. The results show that small models nowcast better than less parsimonious ones. The evidence from the empirical study suggests no improvement in the nowcasting performance when historical data are supplemented with the first monthly IMACEC of the quarter. On the other hand, when two monthly observations IMACEC are available, the root mean squared nowcast error (RMSNE) decreases by 24%, and a further decline of 33% is obtained when the third monthly observation of the quarter is published. Both of these advances are statistically significant. No further improvement is obtained with the publication of the first release of the quarterly GDP. JEL classifications: C89, E17 Keywords: Real-time data, data revisions, nowcasting
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  • 28
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal: Financial Market Trends Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 7-30 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:7-30
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Financial Market Trends
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 7-30
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:7-30
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Banks are still dealing with historic losses buried in their balance sheets. As a result, the US economy is picking up only modestly and Europe is sinking further into recession, despite unprecedented low interest rates and policies to compress the term premium. The aim of this study is to explore the business activities of banks, with a special focus on their lending behaviour, and its responsiveness to unconventional monetary policy. The paper shows that deleveraging has been mainly via mark-to-market assets falling in value, and policy is now serving to reflate these assets without a strong impact on lending. A panel regression study shows that GSIFI banks are least responsive to policy. Non-GSIFI banks respond to the lending rate spread to cash rates, the spread between lending rates and the alternative investment in government bonds, and the distance-to-default (the banks solvency). The paper shows that better lending in the USA is a result of safer banks and a better spread to government bonds – yields on the latter are too attractive relative to lending rates in Europe. Finally, the paper comments on the problem of using cyclical tools to address structural problems in banks, and suggests which alternative policies would better facilitate a financial system more aligned with lending, trust and stability and less towards high-risk activities and leverage via complex products. JEL Classification: E50, E51, E52, E58, G20, G21, G24, G28. Keywords: Bank Lending, Bank business model, deleveraging, structural policy, unconventional monetary policy, distance to default, spreads, bank separation, GSIFI.
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  • 29
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 12, no. 2, p. 61-67 | volume:12 | year:2013 | number:2 | pages:61-67
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (7 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 12, no. 2, p. 61-67
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:12
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:61-67
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Abstract: This article summarises the conclusions of Gerhard Steger, chair of the OECD Working Party of Senior Budget Officials, which he presented at the 2nd International Policy Forum on Budgeting in Seoul in November 2011.
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  • 30
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal: Financial Market Trends Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 7-34 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:7-34
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (28 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Financial Market Trends
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 7-34
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:7-34
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This study models the distance-to-default (DTD) of a large sample of banks with the aim of shedding light on policy and regulatory issues. The determinants of the distance-to-default in a panel sample of 94 banks over the period 2004 to 2011, controlling for the market beta of each bank, includes house prices, relative size, simple leverage, derivatives gross market value of exposure, trading assets, wholesale funding and cross-border revenue. The Basel Tier 1 ratio finds no support as a predictor of default risk. The un-weighted leverage ratio, on the other hand, finds strong support. At the macro level house prices are a powerful predictor of the DTD. At the business model level, the results appear to be consistent with an approach to policy that focuses on the apparent importance of the “size-derivativesleverage- wholesale funding nexus” in influencing the DTD of banks. While these results are preliminary, it is encouraging that the out-of-sample predictive power of the model improves systematically as each year of new observations is added. The results are also consistent with some central bank involvement in the supervision process, given the importance of the asset price cycle, identified in this study.
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  • 31
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    In:  OECD Journal: Financial Market Trends Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 53-84 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:53-84
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (32 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Financial Market Trends
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 53-84
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:53-84
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This article provides both an analytical framework for the role of public policy in corporate governance and a description of the empirical context that influences the conditions for that policy. It underlines the importance of focusing on the overall economic outcome and, in particular, how rules and regulations impact the conditions for companies to grow and create value by accessing public equity markets. In terms of the empirical context, we point to fundamental changes in the functioning of equity markets that may call for a fresh look at the economic effectiveness of corporate governance regulations. Among other things, we document a dramatic shift in listings from developed to emerging markets over the last decade, which means that concentrated ownership at company level has become the dominant form of ownership in listed companies worldwide.We also discuss whether the lack of new listings of smaller companies in developed markets is related to excessive regulatory burdens and unintended consequences of a decade of profound stock market deregulation. The discussion about listings illustrates that corporate governance rules and regulations do not only affect companies that are already listed. From a policy perspective, it is equally important to assess the implications for unlisted companies that may, in the future, require access to public equity markets for growth and job creation. We also document how the lengthened and ever more complex chain of intermediaries between savers and companies may influence the efficiency of capital allocation and the willingness of investors to take an active long-term interest in the companies that they own. It is shown that institutional investors are a highly heterogeneous group and that their willingness and ability to engage in corporate governance primarily depend on the economic incentives that follow from their different business models, investment strategies and trading practices.We provide examples of how regulatory initiatives to increase shareholder engagement may have unintended consequences, and note that the diversity and complexity of the investment chain can render general policies or regulation ineffective. JEL Classification: G30, G32, G34, G38 Keywords: capital and ownership structure, corporate governance, initial public offerings, institutional investors, shareholders
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  • 32
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Bulletin de droit nucléaire Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 27-48 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:27-48
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (22 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Adequate protection after the Fukushima Daiichi accident: A constant in a world of change
    Titel der Quelle: Bulletin de droit nucléaire
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 27-48
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:27-48
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: L’accident tragique survenu à la centrale nucléaire de Fukushima Daiichi restera longtemps l’un des événements marquants de l’histoire de l’exploitation commerciale de l’énergie nucléaire. Aux États-Unis, la Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) n’avait pas été confrontée à tant de questions importantes, touchant au coeur même de sa mission, depuis l’accident de Three Mile Island en 1979. Comme sa priorité a été, à juste titre, d’évaluer les mérites techniques des recommandations énoncées dans le rapport de sa Near-Term Task Force (NTTF)1, elle n’a pas accordé autant d’attention aux répercussions réglementaires à long terme de ses actions post-Fukushima. Maintenant qu’il s’est écoulé suffisamment de temps, il me semble utile de prendre le maximum de recul possible pour évaluer l’incidence que la mise en oeuvre de toutes ces actions aura sur notre cadre réglementaire et sur notre approche de la « protection suffisante ».
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  • 33
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Bulletin de droit nucléaire Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 127-142 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:127-142
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe National legislative and regulatory activities
    Titel der Quelle: Bulletin de droit nucléaire
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 127-142
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:127-142
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Armenia ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Moldova, Republic of ; United States
    Abstract: Allemagne Cadre juridique général Radioprotection Sûreté nucléaire Transport de matières radioactives Réglementation du commerce nucléaire (y compris de la non-prolifération) Arménie Processus d’autorisation et cadre réglementaire États-Unis Publication de la « Stratégie pour la gestion et le stockage du combustible nucléaire usé et des déchets radioactifs de haute activité » Activités en cours Version finale de la réglementation sur la protection physique des produits radioactifs Actualisation de la réponse de la NRC aux évènements survenus sur le site nucléaire de Fukushima Daiichi à l’égard des systèmes d’éventage après filtration et de la prise en considération des conséquences économiques France Processus d’autorisation et cadre réglementaire Sécurité nucléaire Sûreté nucléaire et radioprotection Coopération internationale Grèce Coopération internationale Sûreté nucléaire et protection radiologique Moldova Cadre juridique général
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  • 34
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear Law Bulletin Vol. 2013, no. 1 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:1
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (58 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Activités des organisations intergouvernementales
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear Law Bulletin
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 1
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: European Atomic Energy Community Non-legislative instruments Other activities International Atomic Energy Agency Convention on Nuclear Safety Joint Convention Working Group of Experienced Officers of the CNS and the Joint Convention International Expert Group on Nuclear Liability Legislative assistance activities Handbook on Nuclear Law – Volume III Workshops for diplomats on nuclear law OECD Nuclear Energy Agency Russian Federation joins the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency"
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  • 35
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher Education Management and Policy Vol. 24, no. 2, p. 85-98 | volume:24 | year:2013 | number:2 | pages:85-98
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (14 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Titel der Quelle: Higher Education Management and Policy
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 24, no. 2, p. 85-98
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:24
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:85-98
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Organisational culture and external quality assurance have both been presented as significant drivers of effectiveness, efficiency and excellence in higher education institutions. However, these assumptions have not been critically examined given the philosophical, conceptual and methodological contestations surrounding both constructs. A meta-theoretical analysis of organisational culture and external quality assurance was conducted followed by an empirical study into their interrelationship. The study found that organisational culture was ephemeral, multidimensional and characterised simultaneously by conflict, consensus and indifference and was in a constant state of flux. In addition, external quality assurance appears to have purposes that go beyond its stated morally just and public good motives. The research revealed that organisational culture demonstrated managerial, collegial, transformative and political characteristics, which closely resonated with the role of external quality assurance as an agent of control, empowerment, transformation and of the state, respectively. The study concluded that authentic and enduring academic quality would most likely result within the university when the empowerment and transformation roles strengthen the collegial and transformative cultures.
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  • 36
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher Education Management and Policy Vol. 24, no. 2, p. 7-27 | volume:24 | year:2013 | number:2 | pages:7-27
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (21 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Titel der Quelle: Higher Education Management and Policy
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 24, no. 2, p. 7-27
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:24
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:7-27
    Keywords: Education ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: China has made huge strides in expanding access to higher education since the 1980s. The main approach to achieve mass higher education was cost-sharing reforms of tertiary education. This article examines the policy reforms that affected tuition, fees and subsidies for tertiary students since the end of the 1980s and looks at the effects in terms of equity and access. It also examines institutional responses to the various policy changes as they competed for state funds. Using relevant literature, officially published statistical data and results from the related surveys, it identifies the patterns of inequality among four disadvantaged groups. Finally, it analyses the major determinants/contributors to inequality of access to higher education including state and institutional policies and practices, and tuition-related and student-support related factors.
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  • 37
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    In:  Higher Education Management and Policy Vol. 24, no. 2, p. 55-71 | volume:24 | year:2013 | number:2 | pages:55-71
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (17 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Titel der Quelle: Higher Education Management and Policy
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 24, no. 2, p. 55-71
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:24
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:55-71
    Keywords: Education ; Brazil
    Abstract: Brazil has developed an encompassing system for quality assessment of higher education, the National System of Higher Education Evaluation (SINAES), which includes a test for assessing learning outcomes at the undergraduate level, the National Exam of Student Performance (ENADE). The present system has been running since 2004, and also serves as criteria for accreditation of programmes and institutions, and has been used to regulate the growing private (for-profit) sector of Brazilian HE. We will present an analysis of SINAES and the many challenges it faces to be recognised as a valid tool for quality assurance and regulation for the Brazilian HE system, using data developed within the system for the engineering and medicine programmes in Brazil. The learning outcomes test is similar to the one that the AHELO project has proposed, including both general education and subject area components, thus providing some preview of issues that may arise as that project moves forward.
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  • 38
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher Education Management and Policy Vol. 24, no. 2, p. 73-84 | volume:24 | year:2013 | number:2 | pages:73-84
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (12 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Titel der Quelle: Higher Education Management and Policy
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 24, no. 2, p. 73-84
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:24
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:73-84
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: The last decades have witnessed an increased concern in higher education over accountability, quality and productivity, and a struggle to meet increasingly complex challenges. This is more so in Middle East and North African (MENA) economies that witnessed a large expansion as a result of a high social demand and massification policies adopted by governments in public institutions. These policies also allowed the private sector to expand to meet the increasing demand. As a consequence, higher education institutions were faced with serious challenges related to quality because the quantitative expansions took place at the expense of quality (UNESCO, 2010). Although 14 out of 20 MENA economies established national bodies for quality assurance and accreditation, quality issues are still challenging higher education institutions in the region. The author presents the achievements, challenges and issues in quality in higher education in the region. She also briefly presents several international organisations’ initiatives and perspectives on quality in higher education in the region, and attempts to propose a set of suggestions and recommendations to move the systems to higher standards that are compatible with international ones. This paper covers the following 20 economies in the MENA region: Algeria, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, the Palestinian Authority, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan*, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen. Please note that wherever the term “the region” is used in the article, it refers to these economies.
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  • 39
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear Law Bulletin Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 23-30 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:23-30
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (8 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe La réponse du Canada à l'incident du MCP Altona : cadre réglementaire relatif à l'exportation d'uranium
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear Law Bulletin
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 23-30
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:23-30
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Canada
    Abstract: On 23 December 2010, a cargo ship carrying 350 000 kilograms (kg) of uranium ore concentrates (U3O8) belonging to the Canadian resource corporation Cameco left Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada and encountered severe weather conditions between Hawaii and the Midway Islands in international waters en route to Zhanjiang, People’s Republic of China (PRC). The ship, the MCP Altona, suffered some damage to its hull but was able to continue to operate through the storm. Once the sea had calmed, the crew noticed that some of the containers on the ship had shifted and had been damaged. The captain, however, was unable to secure the necessary authorizations to obtain safe harbour in the area as there were no signs of immediate risk to the health and safety of the ship’s crew. On Cameco's recommendation, the ship returned to British Columbia.
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  • 40
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal: Financial Market Trends Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 39-52 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:39-52
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (14 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Financial Market Trends
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 39-52
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:39-52
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The paper argues that interest rates are at extremely low levels to support banks, and the search for yield has pushed the liquidity driven speculative bubble from real estate, derivatives and structured products markets into the corporate debt market. Equities have rallied strongly too. This asset cycle is certainly helping banks reduce hidden losses on illiquid securities and could also help reduce the cost of equity. But for this to occur at current bond yields would require an unrealistic bubble in equities. Markets are assuming that this transition from low to higher rates (more in line with nominal GDP) can be handled smoothly by policy makers, when in fact this may not be so. Extreme volatility would risk new financial fragility problems. The paper presents a panel model using more than 4 000 global companies and shows that the Capex decision in general depend on the cost of equity, the accelerator and uncertainty, whereas buybacks are driven mainly by the gap between the cost of equity and debt. Right now the incentive structure implied by very low interest rates, which may be sustained for a long time, together with tax incentives, works directly against longterm investment. Debt finance is cheap, while the cost of equity capital needed for risky long-term investment is still high. This combination provides a direct incentive for borrowing to carry out buybacks (de-equitisation). Noting that weak investment reduces potential GDP, the paper makes some policy suggestions. JEL Classification: G15, G32, G28, E52. Keywords: Long-term investment, interest rates, de-equitisation, cost of capital, dividend and buybacks, monetary policy.
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  • 41
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    In:  Nuclear Law Bulletin Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 137-188 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:137-188
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (52 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Documents et textes juridiques
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear Law Bulletin
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 137-188
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:137-188
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; India ; Moldova, Republic of ; United Arab Emirates
    Abstract: United Arab Emirates Federal Law by Decree No. 4 of 2012 concerning civil liability for nuclear damage India The Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Act 2010 Republic of Moldova Law No. 132 of 08.06.2012 on the safe conduct of nuclear and radiological activities
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  • 42
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    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 13, no. 1, p. 141-174 | volume:13 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:141-174
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (34 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 13, no. 1, p. 141-174
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:13
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:141-174
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Abstract: The sustainability of national economies will ultimately require a balance between near-term growth and longer-term fiscal consolidation. The question that is now being raised is whether such actions are politically sustainable. As the OECD area begins to emerge from the recession, another question is whether democratic countries can take pro-active leadership before a crisis forces their hand. This article examines the politics of fiscal consolidations in OECD countries in recent years, assessing whether and how leaders attempted to resolve the tensions between the fiscal and electoral imperatives. JEL classification: H610, H620, H630, H680, P160 Keywords: Fiscal consolidation, sustainability of public finances, deficit, debt, Great Recession, financial crisis, political efficacy, democratic institutions, fiscal austerity, economic growth, role of political institutions, budget cuts, fiscal rules, political outcomes
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  • 43
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal: Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 33-42 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:33-42
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (10 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 33-42
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:33-42
    Keywords: Economics ; Turkey
    Abstract: The aim of this study is to examine the validity of the day-of-the-week effect on both mean and volatility for changes in Consumer Confidence Index in Turkey. To the best of our knowledge, there is no previous study on this topic for an emerging market. Employing the E-GARCH method, we are able to validate day-of-the-week effect both in mean and volatility of the daily changes in the Consumer Confidence Index. In our findings, the mean equation exhibits only a Friday effect and the lowest volatility is also observed for Friday. Additionally, we use nonparametric stochastic dominance (SD) approach by employing several SD tests and verify the existence of Friday effects.
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  • 44
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 12, no. 3, p. 1-34 | volume:12 | year:2013 | number:3 | pages:1-34
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (34 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 12, no. 3, p. 1-34
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:12
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:1-34
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Netherlands
    Abstract: This article assesses the experience of the Netherlands with performance budgeting since full programme and performance budgeting was introduced in 1999-2002. The lessons learned so far resulted in 2012 in a reform called “Accountable Budgeting” involving a major overhaul of the performance budgeting structure in order to enable more detailed parliamentary oversight as well as to enhance internal control by the Ministry of Finance and line ministries. The article examines international experience with PBB reform and its use in the context of the Netherlands national government, focusing on the lessons learned concerning the use of performance information in the budgetary process. The “Accountable Budgeting” reform is explained, and the concluding section assesses which PBB assumptions were challenged, abandoned or retained in these reforms and discusses possible future developments in budget presentation. JEL classification: H610 Keywords: Accountable budgeting, Verantwoord Begroten, performance-based budgeting, PBB, parliamentary oversight, budget reform, performance information, budgetary process, budget reform, budget presentation, Netherlands
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  • 45
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal: Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis Vol. 2014, no. 1, p. 1-37 | volume:2014 | year:2014 | number:1 | pages:1-37
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (37 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2014, no. 1, p. 1-37
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2014
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2014
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:1-37
    Keywords: Economics ; Turkey
    Abstract: This paper develops a set of leading indicators for industrial production growth and changes in consumer price inflation by accounting for changes in the policy regime that have occurred for the Turkish economy over the sample period 1988-2010. The choice of indicators is based on a pseudo out-of-sample forecasting exercise that is implemented by Leigh and Rossi (2002), and Stock and Watson (2003), amongst others. Our findings provide evidence on the factors determining changes in real activity and inflation over an extended sample period that encompasses episodes of volatile inflation and output growth as well as the recent experience of disinflation and normalisation for the Turkish economy. Keywords: Real activity, inflation, leading indicators, out-of-sample forecasting, combination forecasts, inflation targeting, Turkey. JEL classification: E1, E32, E37, E58, F43, O52
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  • 46
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    In:  Nuclear Law Bulletin Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 167-270 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:167-270
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (104 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Documents et textes juridiques
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear Law Bulletin
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 167-270
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:167-270
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Canada ; Japan
    Abstract: Canada Canadian Environmental Assessment Act, 2012 Japan Act for Establishment of a Nuclear Regulation Authority (Act No. 47 of 2012) Nuclear Power Plant Exporters’ Principles of Conduct International Expert Group on Nuclear Liability (INLEX)
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  • 47
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Bulletin de droit nucléaire Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 7-23 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:7-23
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (17 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe A common high standard for nuclear power plant exports: overview and analysis of the Nuclear Power Plant Exporters' Principles of Conduct
    Titel der Quelle: Bulletin de droit nucléaire
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 7-23
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:7-23
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: À l’heure actuelle, aucun cadre international d’ensemble ne régit le développement de l’industrie électronucléaire. Les lois sur l’exportation de technologies nucléaires varient d’un pays à l’autre et, si des instruments politiquement contraignants tels que les directives du Groupe des fournisseurs nucléaires (NSG) aident à garantir la non-exportation des technologies à usage militaire ou à double usage, il n’existe aucun accord ou régime international unique qui encadre tout l’éventail des risques liés à l’exportation d’équipements de centrales nucléaires civiles.
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  • 48
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    In:  Bulletin de droit nucléaire Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 109-123 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:109-123
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (15 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Case law
    Titel der Quelle: Bulletin de droit nucléaire
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 109-123
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:109-123
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; France ; Germany ; India ; Switzerland ; United States
    Abstract: Allemagne Requête d’arbitrage introduite devant le Centre international pour le règlement des différends relatifs aux investissements (CIRDI) de la Banque mondiale contre l’Allemagne en raison de la législation allemande qui conduit à une sortie progressive du nucléaire États-Unis Arrêt de la cour d’appel du circuit du district de Columbia annulant la mise à jour de la décision de la NRC relative à la confiance en matière de gestion des déchets France Cour administrative d’appel de Lyon, 19 juin 2012, arrêts numéros 12LY00233 et 12LY00290 relatifs au permis de construire délivré à EDF en vue de l’édification d’une installation de conditionnement et d’entreposage de déchets (ICEDA) dans la commune de Saint-Vulbas Inde Affaires relatives au projet nucléaire de Kudankulam Suisse Arrêt du Tribunal administratif fédéral dans l’affaire Balmer-Schafroth et consorts contre BKW FMB Energie SA concernant le retrait de l’autorisation d’exploiter la centrale nucléaire de Mühleberg
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  • 49
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    In:  Nuclear Law Bulletin Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 71-99 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:71-99
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (29 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe L'impact des protocoles additionnels et des garanties renforcées sur l'Agence internationale de l'énergie atomique et les États
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear Law Bulletin
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 71-99
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:71-99
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The paper was prepared on the basis of interviews conducted by the author with former and current staff members of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) who were involved in the development of the Model Additional Protocol (INFCIRC/540) or who currently participate in activities related to the implementation of Additional Protocols. It is also based on publicly available information provided by representatives of member states at IAEA symposia or workshops in connection with the implementation of their Additional Protocols.
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  • 50
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal: Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 1-23 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:1-23
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (23 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 1-23
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:1-23
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper tries to identify, for the first time, a chronology for the Portuguese stock market cycle and test for the presence of duration dependence in bull and bear markets. A duration-dependent Markov-switching model is estimated over monthly growth rates of the Portuguese stock index for the period January 1989 to April 2012. Six episodes of bull/bear markets are identified during that period, as well as the presence of positive duration dependence in bear but not in bull markets.
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  • 51
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    In:  Nuclear Law Bulletin Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 143-165 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:143-165
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (23 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Accords multilatéraux
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear Law Bulletin
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 143-165
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:143-165
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: This article describes the status of multilateral agreements in the field of nuclear energy as of December 2012.
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  • 52
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    In:  Bulletin de droit nucléaire Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 149-204 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:149-204
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (56 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Documents and legal texts
    Titel der Quelle: Bulletin de droit nucléaire
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 149-204
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:149-204
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; India ; Moldova, Republic of ; United Arab Emirates
    Abstract: Émirats arabes-unis Décret-Loi fédéral n° 4 de 2012 sur la responsabilité civile en matière de dommages nucléaires Inde Loi sur la responsabilité civile en matière de dommages nucléaires République de Moldova Loi n° 132 du 08/06/2012 sur la conduite sûre des activités nucléaires et radiologiques
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  • 53
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    In:  Nuclear Law Bulletin Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 115-130 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:115-130
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Travaux législatifs et réglementaires nationaux
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear Law Bulletin
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 115-130
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:115-130
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Armenia ; Brazil ; Canada ; France ; Georgia ; Greece ; India ; Ireland ; Japan ; Lithuania ; Switzerland ; Ukraine ; United Arab Emirates ; United States
    Abstract: Armenia Nuclear safety and radiological protection Brazil General legislation Canada Environmental protection France Radioactive waste management Georgia Nuclear safety and radiological protection Greece Nuclear safetyEmergency preparedness and response India Licensing and regulatory infrastructureLiability and compensation Ireland Nuclear safety and radiological protection Japan Nuclear Regulation Authority Act Lithuania General legislationLicensing and regulatory infrastructureNuclear securityRadioactive waste management Switzerland General legislation Ukraine Radioactive waste managementGeneral legislation United Arab Emirates General legislationLiability and compensation United States Nuclear safetyEmergency preparedness
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  • 54
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    In:  Higher Education Management and Policy Vol. 24, no. 2, p. 99-113 | volume:24 | year:2013 | number:2 | pages:99-113
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (15 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Titel der Quelle: Higher Education Management and Policy
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 24, no. 2, p. 99-113
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:24
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:99-113
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: In this paper, the authors discuss the rationale behind making talent development at the PhD, post-doctoral and early career levels an equal fourth pillar of the university’s mission, alongside the more traditional pillars of the triple helix. Using Denmark and Aarhus University as a case study, the paper describes how increased institutional autonomy, and the critical mass that resulted from mergers, permitted organisational restructuring that supports the development of this talent strategy and its implementation. The “quadruple helix” model at Aarhus University is intended to support strategies that involve multiple disciplines and cut across the four key missions of the university: research, education, knowledge exchange and talent development. Most importantly, the organisational model increases the university’s ability to address the challenges and opportunities of the global knowledge society while maintaining quality and expanding supply.
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  • 55
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    In:  Higher Education Management and Policy Vol. 24, no. 2, p. 115-130 | volume:24 | year:2013 | number:2 | pages:115-130
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Titel der Quelle: Higher Education Management and Policy
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 24, no. 2, p. 115-130
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:24
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:115-130
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: This paper examines the challenges of developing research resources for leading Vietnamese universities. The first part of the paper presents the background to the study, including literature review on the challenges to research resources development, and describes the research questions and research methods. The next part provides empirical findings on types of research resources, availability of resources, and challenges for resources development at leading Vietnamese universities. In the final part, the paper discusses the major findings and provides suggestions for further analysis on Vietnam’s university research sector.
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  • 56
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    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 12, no. 3, p. 1-14 | volume:12 | year:2013 | number:3 | pages:1-14
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (14 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 12, no. 3, p. 1-14
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:12
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:1-14
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Abstract: As Portugal is facing strong fiscal pressure, government spending on public-private partnerships (PPPs) in the road sector has become a main budgetary constraint. In this article, we show how the financial crisis has created a unique arbitrage opportunity that provides a solution to this problem. Since the private sector is in urgent need of liquidity, we suggest that the Portuguese government should use some of the bailout funds, borrowed at lower interest rates, to buy back the roads concessions, discounting future payments at the high interest rates currently charged to Portugal. For the roads already in operation, the purchase of the assets would significantly reduce future public payments and would also release money into banks and the economy. For the roads currently under construction, we propose that the government buys only the equity of these companies. That would also reduce future payments, and allow for the postponement or even cancelation of some of these projects, while granting private companies an exit from projects that they are no longer able to finance. This operation would save around half of PPP payments over the next 20 years.
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  • 57
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    In:  Nuclear Law Bulletin Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 89-104 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:89-104
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Compte-rendu spécial de la Deuxième réunion annuelle de l'Association de droit nucléaire
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear Law Bulletin
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 89-104
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:89-104
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The Second Annual Meeting of the Nuclear Law Association, India (NLA India) was held on 2 March 2013 in Mumbai. The theme of this year’s meeting was: “India’s Nuclear Energy Sector: Business Opportunities and Legal Challenges”.
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  • 58
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    In:  Bulletin de droit nucléaire Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 179-274 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:179-274
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (96 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Documents and legal texts
    Titel der Quelle: Bulletin de droit nucléaire
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 179-274
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:179-274
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Canada ; Japan
    Abstract: Canada Loi sur l’évaluation environnementale, 2012 Japon Loi portant création d’une autorité de sûreté nucléaire (loi n° 47 de 2012) Principes de conduite des exportateurs de centrales électronucléairesLe groupe international d’experts en responsabilité nucléaire (INLEX)
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  • 59
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    In:  Nuclear Law Bulletin Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 101-114 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:101-114
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (14 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Jurisprudence
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear Law Bulletin
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 101-114
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:101-114
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; France ; Germany ; India ; Switzerland ; United States
    Abstract: France Administrative Court of Appeal of Lyon, 19 June 2012, Judgements Nos. 12LY00233 and 12LY00290 regarding EDF’s permit to construct a waste conditioning and storage facility (ICEDA) in the town of Saint-Vulbas Germany Request for arbitration against Germany at the World Bank’s International Centre for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) because of Germany’s legislation leading to the phase-out of nuclear energy India Cases related to the Kudankulam Nuclear Power Project (KKNPP) Switzerland Judgement of the Federal Administrative Court in the matter of Balmer-Schafroth a.o.v. BKW FMB Energy Inc. on the revocation of the operating licence for the Mühleberg nuclear power plant United States Judgement of the Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit vacating the NRC’s 2010 Waste Confidence Decision and Rule Update
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  • 60
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    In:  Nuclear Law Bulletin Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 7-22 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:7-22
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe À la recherche de l'excellence : présentation et analyse des « Principes de conduite des exportateurs de centrales électronucléaires »
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear Law Bulletin
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 7-22
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:7-22
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: At this time, there is no overarching global framework to regulate the development of the nuclear power industry. Laws concerning the export of nuclear technology vary across jurisdictions, and politically-binding arrangements such as the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) help ensure that weapons-usable or dual-use technologies are not exported, but no single international regime or agreement manages the gamut of potential risks that may arise from the export of civilian nuclear power plants.
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  • 61
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    In:  OECD Journal: Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 67-89 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:67-89
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (23 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 67-89
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:67-89
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Business tendency survey indicators are widely recognised as a key instrument for business cycle forecasting. Their leading indicator property is assessed with regard to forecasting industrial production in Russia and Germany. For this purpose, vector autoregressive (VAR) models are specified and estimated to construct forecasts. As the potential number of lags included is large, we compare full-specified VAR models with subset models obtained using a Genetic Algorithm enabling “holes” in multivariate lag structures. The problem is complicated by the fact that a structural break and seasonal variation of indicators have to be taken into account. The models allow for a comparison of the dynamic adjustment and the forecasting performance of the leading indicators for both countries revealing marked differences between Russia and Germany. JEL classification: C52, C61, E37 Keywords: Leading indicators, business cycle forecasts, VAR, model selection, genetic algorithms
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  • 62
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    In:  OECD Journal: Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 43-65 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:43-65
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (23 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 43-65
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:43-65
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper has three original contributions. The first is the reconstruction effort of the series of employment and income to allow the creation of a new coincident index for the Brazilian economic activity. The second is the construction of a coincident index of the economic activity for Brazil, and from it, (re) establish a chronology of recessions in the recent past of the Brazilian economy. The coincident index follows the methodology proposed by The Conference Board (TCB) and it covers the period 1980:1 to 2007:11. The third is the construction and evaluation of many leading indicators of economic activity for Brazil which fills an important gap in the Brazilian Business-Cycle literature. Keywords: Coincident and Leading Indicators, Business Cycles, Common Features, Latent Factor Analysis JEL codes: C32, E32
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  • 63
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    In:  Nuclear Law Bulletin Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 105-113 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:105-113
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (9 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Jurisprudence
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear Law Bulletin
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 105-113
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:105-113
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Canada ; France ; India ; Switzerland ; United States
    Abstract: Canada Judicial review of Ontario Power Generation’s Darlington new nuclear power plant project licence to prepare site France Court of Appeal of Toulouse, 3 December 2012, Judgement No. 1200867, Golfech - Prosecution for accidental spillage of radioactive effluents Court of Cassation, Criminal Chamber, 20 November 2012, Decision No. 11-87531 India Ruling from India’s Supreme Court in a public interest litigation regarding Kundankulam Switzerland Unlimited-duration operating licence granted to the Mühleberg nuclear power plant United States Judgment of the Court of Appeals for the first circuit upholding NRC’s consideration of wind power as alternative to relicensing under NEPA Judgment of the Court of Appeals for the second circuit upholding NRC’s authority to issue exemptions and remanding for consideration of public participation in preparation of environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact Judgment of the Court of Appeals for the first circuit upholding NRC’s decision not to reopen or suspend Pilgrim relicensing proceeding Judgment of the Court of Appeals for the DC Circuit Vacating the NRC’s Transfer of Authority to State of New Jersey over Cleanup of Manufacturing Site Judgment of the Court of Appeals for the DC Circuit Upholding the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC)’s Issuance of Combined Operating Licence and Amended Design Certification
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  • 64
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    In:  OECD Journal: Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis Vol. 2013, no. 2, p. 129-151 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:2 | pages:129-151
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (23 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 2, p. 129-151
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:129-151
    Keywords: Economics ; Switzerland
    Abstract: This study investigates the usefulness of business tendency surveys collected at the KOF Swiss Economic Institute and aggregated in the form of the KOF Employment Indicator for short-term forecasting of employment in Switzerland. We use a real-time dataset in order to simulate the actual predictive process using only information that was available at the time when predictions were made. We evaluate the predictive content of the KOF Employment Indicator both for nowcasts that are published two months before the first official release, and for one-quarter ahead forecasts published five months before the first official release. We find that inclusion of the KOF Employment Indicator leads to a substantial improvement in prediction accuracy of both point and density forecasts compared to the performance of a benchmark autoregressive model.
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  • 65
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    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 12, no. 2, p. 9-60 | volume:12 | year:2013 | number:2 | pages:9-60
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (52 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 12, no. 2, p. 9-60
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:12
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:9-60
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Netherlands
    Abstract: The history of the Netherlands reveals major shifts from centralisation of government tasks towards decentralisation and vice versa. In the 17th century, the Republic of United Provinces was the first federal state in modern history. Many transformations later, the Kingdom of the Netherlands became a big centralised welfare state. Since the 1980s, a reverse development has started: the welfare state is being downsized and decentralised. This article describes and discusses this evolution in view of a broad spectrum of economic theories. Four conclusions are drawn. First, the major changes in Dutch fiscal decentralisation arrangements were introduced as policies to overcome a severe economic and political crisis. Second, many other factors – like the increase in communication, mobility, population density, urbanisation and the role of government – also necessitated changes. Third, in order to ensure efficient and financially solid government, the accountability and transparency of central and local government and their interrelationships have been improved substantially. Fourth, current arrangements are not optimal and should be changed. For example, Dutch municipalities should increase further in scale, and the role of Dutch provinces should be reconsidered.
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  • 66
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    In:  Bulletin de droit nucléaire Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 143-147 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:143-147
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (5 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Intergovernmental organisation activities
    Titel der Quelle: Bulletin de droit nucléaire
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 143-147
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:143-147
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Agence internationale de l’énergie atomique Convention sur la sûreté nucléaire Convention commune Groupe de travail des membres expérimentés des bureaux de la CNS et de la Convention commune Groupe international d’experts en responsabilité nucléaire (INLEX) Activités d’assistance législative Manuel de droit nucléaire – Volume III Ateliers de droit nucléaire à destination des diplomates Agence de l’OCDE pour l’énergie nucléaire Adhésion de la Fédération de Russie à l’Agence de l’OCDE pour l’énergie nucléaire Communauté européenne de l’énergie atomique Instruments non législatifs Autres activités
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  • 67
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    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 13, no. 1, p. 31-43 | volume:13 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:31-43
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (13 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 13, no. 1, p. 31-43
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:13
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:31-43
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Abstract: This article examines the scope and size of adjustments made by statisticians on source data from public accounting systems in EU member states to reach harmonised statistical measures. The article focuses on EDP Table 2 which shows the reconciliation from cash/cash modified or accrual public accounting to ESA 95, analyses the potential changes needed to EDP Table 2 if public accounting is on a full accrual/IPSAS basis, and proposes a possible way forward for better reconciling the relevant reporting balances. The analysis takes into account the study carried out by the European Commission report on the “Suitability of International Accounting Standards for the Public Sector (IPSAS) for the EU member states”, and the differences between statistical reporting and IPSAS highlighted by IPSASB in the consultation paper on “IPSASs and Government Finance Statistics”.
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  • 68
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    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 13, no. 1, p. 57-104 | volume:13 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:57-104
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (48 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 13, no. 1, p. 57-104
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:13
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:57-104
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Abstract: Capital investment is a key function of government. However, for a number of reasons it has proven difficult for governments to ensure that capital investment represents value for money, is affordable, and is budgeted and accounted for in a prudent and transparent manner. This article discusses these challenges facing governments. Using the findings of a survey conducted among OECD countries and enhanced engagement countries in 2012, this article provides an overview of what governments are doing with respect to planning and prioritisation, procurement, construction, operation and management, monitoring and evaluation, and budgeting and accounting for capital projects. The article concludes with a number of recommendations for capital budgeting and procurement. JEL classification: H400, H540, H570 Keywords: Capital investment, capital budgeting, capital projects, value for money, budgeting systems, accounting systems, transparency, procurement, public-private partnerships, PPPs, TIP, traditional infrastructure procurement
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  • 69
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    In:  Bulletin de droit nucléaire Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 77-107 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:77-107
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (31 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe The impact of the Additional Protocol and Strengthened Safeguards: effects on the International Atomic Energy Agency and on states
    Titel der Quelle: Bulletin de droit nucléaire
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 77-107
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:77-107
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Cet article a été préparé sur la base d’entretiens conduits par l’auteur avec des membres anciens ou actuels du personnel de l’Agence internationale de l’énergie atomique (AIEA) ayant participé à l’élaboration du modèle de protocole additionnel (INFCIRC/540) ou participant aujourd’hui à des activités liées à la mise en oeuvre des protocoles additionnels. Il s’appuie également sur des informations publiques communiquées par des représentants d’États membres lors de colloques ou d’ateliers organisés par l’AIEA sur le thème de la mise en oeuvre de protocoles additionnels dans leurs pays.
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  • 70
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    In:  Nuclear Law Bulletin Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 23-41 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:23-41
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe La « protection suffisante » après Fukushima : L'élément stabled'un monde changeant
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear Law Bulletin
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 23-41
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:23-41
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The tragic accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (NPP) will long be seen as a seminal event in the history of commercial nuclear power. Within the United States, not since the accident at Three Mile Island in 1979 has the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) been confronted with as many important issues, so central to the core of its mission, as have arisen following the Fukushima Daiichi accident. While much of the agency’s attention has rightfully been on the technical merits of the NRC’s Near-Term Task Force (NTTF)1 Report recommendations, the long-term regulatory implications of our post-Fukushima Daiichi actions have not always received similar scrutiny. Now that sufficient time has passed, I believe it is appropriate to take a step back and at a high level see what impact implementation of all these actions will have on our regulatory framework and our approach to adequate protection. Top
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  • 71
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    In:  Bulletin de droit nucléaire Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 33-76 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:33-76
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (44 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Conflict of law issues related to Switzerland's participation in the Paris Nuclear Third Party Liability Regime
    Titel der Quelle: Bulletin de droit nucléaire
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 33-76
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:33-76
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Malgré sa contribution significative aux négociations de la Convention de Paris, la Suisse vient seulement de la ratifier, avec tous ses protocoles d’amendement. La Suisse ne sera liée par le régime de la Convention de Paris, dans sa totalité, qu’à l’entrée en vigueur des Protocoles de 2004. Le Conseil fédéral fixera la date d’entrée en vigueur d’une révision de la loi sur la responsabilité civile en matière nucléaire et ratifiera le Protocole commun au même moment. Étant partie au régime de responsabilité civile de Paris ainsi qu’au Protocole commun, la Suisse aura donc des liens conventionnels avec les États parties au régime de Paris et les États parties au régime de Vienne qui sont également parties au Protocole commun.
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  • 72
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    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 13, no. 1, p. 105-140 | volume:13 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:105-140
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (36 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 13, no. 1, p. 105-140
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:13
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:105-140
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Abstract: Governments need to be able to quickly and flexibly reallocate resources from one priority to another. This article addresses this dimension of strategic agility in terms of managing the reallocation of resources in the public sector through the use of various budgetary tools. The focus is on recent fiscal consolidation efforts, the use of performance information and spending reviews, and automatic productivity cuts. This article draws on the OECD survey on performance and results that was conducted in 2011/12; the data are accurate as of November 2012.
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  • 73
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    In:  OECD Journal: Financial Market Trends Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 67-78 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:67-78
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (12 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Financial Market Trends
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 67-78
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:67-78
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: From its beginning, Asia has been an important region for the OECD in terms of its members and partners. While the region’s economic performance is still strong, structural reforms, underpinned by coherent macroeconomic polices, need to be put in place to maintain this positive momentum. This note focuses on three specific medium- to long-term issues that are important in shaping the future of the Asian economic and financial community: First, in the area of trade, the importance of measuring trade in value added terms; second, funding long-term investment, especially in infrastructure, and making these investments “greener”; third, regional financial cooperation in Asia that should become more solid and robust. Some further policy challenges are shortly addressed at the end where several areas of co-operation between the OECD and the Asian region are highlighted and further possibilities for joint work are briefly explored.
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  • 74
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    In:  OECD Journal: Financial Market Trends Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 31-38 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:31-38
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (8 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Financial Market Trends
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 31-38
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:31-38
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; France
    Abstract: The crisis has shown that there is no such thing as an optimal banking structure or model. The Liikanen report highlighted excessive risk taking and excessive reliance on short-term funding not matched with adequate capital protection. The French reform of the banking sector builds on this insight as well as the agreement reached by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and the European CRD 4 to foster financial stability. Risky speculative activity will have to be separated from the rest of the banking sector while taking into account the assets of the universal banking model. Further, the reform introduces a strong resolution framework and new macro-prudential powers. JEL Classification: G18; G38; G33; G32. Keywords: Banking system; bank supervision; bankruptcy; liquidation; systemic risk; macro-prudential policy.
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  • 75
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    In:  Nuclear Law Bulletin Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 115-129 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:115-129
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (15 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Travaux législatifs et réglementaires nationaux
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear Law Bulletin
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 115-129
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:115-129
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Armenia ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Moldova, Republic of ; United States
    Abstract: Armenia Licensing and regulatory infrastructure France Licensing and regulatory infrastructure Nuclear security Nuclear safety and radiological protection International co-operation Germany General legislation Radiation protection Nuclear Safety Transport of radioactive material Regulations on nuclear trade (including non-proliferation) Greece International co-operation Nuclear safety and radiological protection Moldova General legislation United States Issuance of the ""Strategy for the Management and Disposal of Used Nuclear Fuel and High-Level Radioactive Waste"" Ongoing activities Physical protection of byproduct material final rulemaking Update on the NRC’s response to the events at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear site regarding filtered vents and consideration of economic consequences"
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  • 76
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    In:  Nuclear Law Bulletin Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 43-88 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:43-88
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (46 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Internationaliser davantage pour améliorer la sûreté : Action concertée contre souveraineté nationale
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear Law Bulletin
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 43-88
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:43-88
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: On 11 March 2011, the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident occurred.1 In responding to this accident, the Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) on 30 March 2011, with broad support by the IAEA Member States, called for a Ministerial Conference on Nuclear Safety which took place in Vienna from 20–24 June 2011.2 On 20 June 2011, the Conference adopted a Declaration on Nuclear Safety, which, inter alia, expresses sympathy and solidarity with Japan and emphasises “the importance of implementing enhanced national and international measures to ensure that the highest and most robust levels of nuclear safety are in place, based on the IAEA safety standards, which should be continuously reviewed, strengthened and implemented as broadly and effectively as possible and commit to increase bilateral, regional and international cooperation to that effect.”3 The declaration furthermore requested the Director General of the IAEA to prepare a report and to draft an action plan building on the declaration and on the outcome of the ministerial conference.
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  • 77
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    In:  Bulletin de droit nucléaire Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 25-32 | volume:2012 | year:2012 | number:2 | pages:25-32
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (8 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe The MCP Altona incident: the Canadian regulatory response and framework for the export of uranium
    Titel der Quelle: Bulletin de droit nucléaire
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2012, no. 2, p. 25-32
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2012
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:25-32
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Canada
    Abstract: Le 23 décembre 2010, un cargo transportant 350 000 kilogrammes (kg) de concentré de minerai d’uranium (U3O8) appartenant à l’entreprise canadienne d’exploitation des ressources Cameco Corporation, quittait le port de Vancouver, en Colombie-Britannique (Canada) et se trouvait confronté à des conditions météorologiques violentes dans les eaux internationales entre Hawaii et les îles Midway alors qu’il était en route pour Zhanjiang, en Chine. Le navire, le MCP Altona, bien qu’ayant subi des dommages à la coque, put continuer à naviguer dans la tempête. Une fois la mer calmée, l’équipage constata que certains conteneurs avaient été renversés et endommagés. Le capitaine ne put cependant pas obtenir les autorisations nécessaires pour s’abriter dans un port de refuge à proximité étant donné qu’il n’y avait aucun risque immédiat pour la santé et la sécurité de l’équipage. Sur recommandation de Cameco, le cargo est retourné en Colombie- Britannique.
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  • 78
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    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 12, no. 3, p. 1-22 | volume:12 | year:2013 | number:3 | pages:1-22
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (22 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 12, no. 3, p. 1-22
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:12
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:1-22
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Netherlands
    Abstract: This article analyses the Dutch policy evaluation system from a budgetary perspective. It addresses the context and scope of the evaluation system, explains the need for such a system from the perspective of budget decision makers, describes the legislative framework for evaluation, analyses the evaluation instruments and their impact on budgetary decision making in practice, and draws lessons for finance ministries in other countries based on the strengths and weaknesses of the Dutch evaluation system. JEL classification: H500, H610, H830 Keywords: Netherlands, policy evaluation, effectiveness and efficiency of government programmes, budget process, budgetary decision making, evaluation instruments
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  • 79
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264203709
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (22 S.)
    Series Statement: OECD guidelines for the testing of chemicals 236
    Series Statement: Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 236 ; Poisson, essai de toxicité aigue͏̈ au stade embryonnaire
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The test method described in this Test Guidelineis inteneded to determine the acute or letal toxicity of chemicals on embryonic stages of fish (Danio rerio). Newly fertilised zebrafish eggs are exposed to the test chemical for a period of 96 hrs. Every 24 hrs. Twenty embryos (one embryo per well) are exposed to the chemical tested at each concentration level. The test includes five increasing concentrations of the chemical tested and a control. Every 24 hours, four apical observations are recorded as indicators of lethality: (i) coagulation of fertilised eggs, (ii) lack of somite formation, (iii) lack of detachment of the tail-bud from the yolk sac, and (iv) lack of heartbeat. At the end of the exposure period, acute toxicity is determined based on a positive outcome in any of the four apical observations recorded, and the LC50 is calculated. The test report also includes a number of other important information elements related to the conduct of the test, in particular: the concentration of dissolved oxygen, pH, total hardness, temperature et conductivity of solutions, measured concentrations of the chemical tested, and whether the validity criteria of the test were met.
    Note: Gesehen am 22.04.2015
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 80
    ISBN: 9789264205901
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Keywords: Taxation ; South Africa
    Abstract: This report includes revised Phase 1 and Phase 2 reviews of South Africa, now updated with ratings. The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by 120 jurisdictions, which participate in the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004. The standards have also been incorporated into the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. Fishing expeditions are not authorised but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 and Phase 2 – reviews. The Global Forum has also put in place a process for supplementary reports to follow-up on recommendations, as well as for the ongoing monitoring of jurisdictions following the conclusion of a review. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
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  • 81
    ISBN: 9789264197565
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272 p.)
    Series Statement: Estudios de la OCDE sobre Gobernanza Pública
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Public Procurement Review of the State's Employees' Social Security and Social Services Institute in Mexico
    Keywords: Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Mexico
    Abstract: A partir de los Principios de la OCDE para fortalecer la integridad en la contratación pública (2008) y las buenas prácticas de organizaciones similares en otros países de la OCDE, el estudio aporta una evaluación integral de las estrategias, los sistemas y los processos de adquisición del ISSSTE.
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  • 82
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264178984
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Mental health and work
    Keywords: Psychische Krankheit ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Norwegen ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Norway ; Norwegen ; Berufstätigkeit ; Psychische Störung
    Abstract: Tackling mental ill-health of the working-age population is becoming a key issue for labour market and social policies in OECD countries. OECD governments increasingly recognise that policy has a major role to play in keeping people with mental ill-health in employment or bringing those outside of the labour market back to it, and in preventing mental illness. This report on Norway is the fourth in a series of reports looking at how the broader education, health, social and labour market policy challenges identified in Sick on the Job? Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (OECD, 2012) are being tackled in a number of OECD countries. It concludes that Norway faces a unique situation whereby a generous welfare system stimulates large-scale labour market exclusion and significant socio-economic inequalities of people with a mental disorder, and hindering better outcomes of its employment and vocational rehabilitation programmes.
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  • 83
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264190399
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (106 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Conflict and Fragility
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Fragile states
    Keywords: 2000-2010 ; Staatskrise ; Politische Instabilität ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Development ; Politische Krise ; Politische Stabilität ; Entwicklungshilfe
    Abstract: By 2015, half of the world’s people living on less than USD 1.25 a day will be in fragile states. While poverty has decreased globally, progress on Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 1 is slower in fragile states than in other developing countries. Fragile states are also off-track to meet the rest of the MDGs by 2015. Fragile situations became a central concern of the international development and security agenda in the 1990s. Since then, powerful forces have been influencing the causes and manifestations of fragility, including the combination of democratic aspirations, new technologies, demographic shifts and climate change. The last five years have been especially tumultuous, encompassing the 2008 food, fuel and financial crisis and the Arab Spring, which began in 2011.These events have influenced the international debate on the nature, relevance and implications of fragility. While situations of fragility clearly have common elements – including poverty, inequality and vulnerability – how can we make sense of the great diversity in their national income, endowment in natural resources or historical trajectories? How do we move towards a more substantive concept of fragility that goes beyond a primary focus on the quality of government policies and institutions to include a broader picture of the economy and society? This publication takes stock of i) the evolution of fragility as a concept, ii) analyses of financial flows to and within fragile states between 2000 and 2010, and iii) trends and issues that are likely to shape fragility in the years to come.
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  • 84
    ISBN: 9789264202597
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Keywords: Taxation ; Bermuda
    Abstract: This report contains the “Phase 2: Implementation of the Standard in Practice” review for Bermuda, as well as a revised version of the “Phase 1: Legal and Regulatory Framework review” already released for this jurisdiction. The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by 120 jurisdictions, which participate in the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004. The standards have also been incorporated into the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. Fishing expeditions are not authorised but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 and Phase 2 – reviews. The Global Forum has also put in place a process for supplementary reports to follow-up on recommendations, as well as for the ongoing monitoring of jurisdictions following the conclusion of a review. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
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  • 85
    ISBN: 9789264191891
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Portugal ; Taxation ; Portugal
    Abstract: The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 100 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9789264205680
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (106 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Keywords: Taxation ; Iceland
    Abstract: This report contains Phase 1 and Phase 2 reviews of Iceland, now incorporating Phase 2 ratings. The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by 120 jurisdictions, which participate in the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004. The standards have also been incorporated into the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. Fishing expeditions are not authorised but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 and Phase 2 – reviews. The Global Forum has also put in place a process for supplementary reports to follow-up on recommendations, as well as for the ongoing monitoring of jurisdictions following the conclusion of a review. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264187443
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: West African Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Peuplement, marché et sécurité alimentaire
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Settlement, market and food security
    Keywords: Siedlungsstruktur ; Wirtschaftsgeographie ; Humangeographie ; Landwirtschaft ; Ernährungssicherung ; Westafrika ; Agriculture and Food ; Development ; Bericht ; Westafrika ; Ernährungssicherung
    Abstract: Settlement dynamics have been reshaping West Africa’s social and economic geography. These spatial transformations – high urbanisation and economic concentration – favour the development of market-oriented agriculture. With the population of West Africa set to double by 2050, agricultural production systems will undergo far-reaching transformations. To support these transformations, policies need to be spatially targeted, improve availability of market information and broaden the field of food security to policy domains beyond agriculture. They need to rely on homogeneous and reliable data – not available at present – particularly for key variables such as non-agricultural and agricultural population, marketed production and regional trade.
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  • 88
    ISBN: 9789264205765
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (114 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Keywords: Taxation ; Japan
    Abstract: This report includes Phase 1 and Phase 2 reports for Japan, now incorporating Phase 2 ratings. The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by 120 jurisdictions, which participate in the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004. The standards have also been incorporated into the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. Fishing expeditions are not authorised but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 and Phase 2 – reviews. The Global Forum has also put in place a process for supplementary reports to follow-up on recommendations, as well as for the ongoing monitoring of jurisdictions following the conclusion of a review. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports. For more information on the work of the Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes, and for copies of the published review reports, please refer to www.oecd.org/tax/transparency and www.eoi-tax.org .
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264202405
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (171 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Water
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Water security for better lives
    Keywords: Wasserversorgung ; OECD-Staaten ; Wasser ; Wasserversorgung ; Versorgungssicherheit ; Wasserwirtschaft ; Ressourcenmanagement ; Politik ; Risikomanagement ; Environment
    Abstract: This publication examines the critical issues surrounding water security (water shortage, water excess, inadequate water quality, the resilience of freshwater systems), providing a rationale for a risk-based approach and the management of trade-offs between water and other (sectoral and environmental) policies. The report sets out a three-step process to “know”, “target” and “manage” water risks: (1) appraising the risks, (2) judging the tolerability and acceptability of risks and weighing risk-risk trade-offs, and (3) calibrating appropriate responses. The publication provides policy analysis and guidance on the use of market-based instruments and the complex links between water security and other policy objectives, such as food security, energy security, climate mitigation and biodiversity protection.
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264179523
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (304 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE sur l'innovation régionale
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Examens de l'OCDE sur l'innovation régionale
    Keywords: Technologiepolitik ; Regionalpolitik ; Wallonien ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Belgium ; Wallonien ; Wirtschaftsförderung ; Innovation
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage examine l'innovation régionale en Wallonie, Belgique, en regardant son rôle dans l'économie, sa gouvernance et le contexte politique et des stratégies régionales de croissance axée sur l'innovation.
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  • 91
    ISBN: 9789264189577
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'azione delle politiche a seguito di disastri naturali; Aiutare le regioni a sviluppare resilienza - Il caso dell'Abruzzo post terremoto
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Policy making after disasters
    Keywords: Erdbeben ; Katastrophenschaden ; Regionalentwicklung ; Technologiepolitik ; Abruzzen ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Abruzzen ; Erdbeben ; Schaden ; Katastrophenhilfe ; Wiederaufbau ; Regionalpolitik ; Geschichte 2009-2013
    Abstract: Abruzzo is at a tipping point: despite economic, cultural and natural strengths, the region is facing declining economic growth, ageing population and a reduction in outside economic aid. The devastating earthquake that hit the regional capital L’Aquila and its surroundings on 6 April 2009 caused 309 deaths and was a significant economic shock, jeopardizing the long-term growth prospects of an already vulnerable region. To increase its resilience to current and future shocks, Abruzzo must encourage innovation-driven growth, based on knowledge and better use of skills, and redesign the city of L’Aquila through technological upgrade to make it more attractive to outsiders and improve the quality of life of its residents. The report suggests that Abruzzo should focus on endogenous resources to build its long-term development strategy and, at the same time, to increase the external openness of the regional system to attract more entrepreneurs, students, foreigners and external capital. The economic development and quality of societal life in Abruzzo will strongly depend on how private and public actors will make the best use of existing knowledge, strengthening the cultural and economic networks as a major tool for growth; as well as promoting information sharing, transparency, accountability and community engagement to improve decision making. More broadly, the issues raised in the report can help other governments to rethink regional policy, for both regions vulnerable to natural disasters and for those facing long-term decline. As such, eight guiding recommendations for building resilient regions after a disaster are drawn. These guiding recommendations can provide a framework for policy making in other OECD regions.
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264191136
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (183 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Care Quality
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of health care quality
    Keywords: 2013 ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Dänemark ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Denmark ; Dänemark ; Medizinische Versorgung
    Abstract: This review of health care quality in Denmark examines policies related to quality and includes chapters covering primary and integrated care, hospital specialisation and equity. It finds that with a dense array of disease- and service-focused quality initiatives, and with information on the quality of care stored in separate data repositories, Denmark needs to create effective links and synergies between them to drive up quality in the healthcare system as a whole, rather than in disconnected elements. Primary care will be central in meeting Denmark’s future healthcare challenges of an ageing population with multiple chronic conditions. Therefore, an urgent need is to create a national vision of how a modernised primary care sector will fulfill this new coordination role. National standards, clinical guidelines, accreditation of clinical pathways and targeted financial incentive programmes could support this role, along with more transparent and formalised continual professional development. To facilitate quality improvement from the ambitious hospital rationalisation, Denmark should collect and disseminate data on the quality of individual physicians as well as the hospitals. Undergraduate training and medical research should be reviewed in light of the new service arrangements. Close surveillance will be needed to monitor whether certain patient groups forego healthcare because travel times to providers are too long. Limited data availability complicate Denmark’s ability to monitor its commitment to equitable healthcare. There is an urgent need for renewed action to tackle risk factors of chronic ill-health that disproportionately affect low-income groups. Better information on the impact of user-charges on unmet need in low-income groups is needed.
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  • 93
    ISBN: 9789264205987
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Keywords: Taxation ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: This report contains the revised Phase 1 and Phase 2 review for the United Kingdom, now including ratings. The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by 120 jurisdictions, which participate in the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004. The standards have also been incorporated into the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. Fishing expeditions are not authorised but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 and Phase 2 – reviews. The Global Forum has also put in place a process for supplementary reports to follow-up on recommendations, as well as for the ongoing monitoring of jurisdictions following the conclusion of a review. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264188075
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (298 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Making Water Reform Happen in Mexico
    Keywords: Environment ; Governance ; Mexico
    Abstract: El informe proporciona un diagnóstico y recomendaciones de políticas en apoyo a la reforma de la gestión del agua en México. Analiza los desafíos de implementación e identifica buenas prácticas en cuatro áreas clave, consideradas motores esenciales del cambio : gobernabilidad multinivel; gobernabilidad de cuencas; eficiencia económica y sustentabilidad financiera; y marco regulatorio de los servicios de agua y saneamiento. Esta publicación es el resultado de un diálogo de políticas públicas de un año entre la OCDE y México siguiendo la adopción del Agenda del Agua 2030 como visión estratégica de largo plazo para el sector.
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264098367
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE sur la coopération pour le développement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Development Assistance Peer Reviews; Spain 2011
    Keywords: Development ; Spain
    Abstract: Tous les quatre ans, l’action de chacun des 24 membres du Comité d’aide au développement (CAD) - auprès duquel la Banque mondiale, le FMI et le PNUD sont aussi présents en qualité d’observateurs - est examinée en détail par ses pairs au sein du Comité. Cinq pays membres sont soumis chaque année à un examen par les pairs. Le but de cet exercice est de déterminer dans quelle mesure les politiques, les stratégies et les activités de développement du pays examiné sont conformes aux normes élaborées par le CAD. Les autres membres formulent des critiques constructives et des recommandations en s’appuyant sur un rapport qui traite de la politique suivie en matière d’aide, du volume de celle-ci, des institutions qui en sont responsables et des activités menées dans ce domaine sur le terrain. Aucune sanction n’est prise si le pays considéré ne tient pas compte des recommandations. L’examen est destiné à encourager la réalisation de changements utiles, à favoriser l’échange de connaissances et à améliorer l’efficacité globale de l’aide dispensée par l’ensemble de la communauté des donneurs.
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  • 96
    ISBN: 9789282103845
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Les rapports de recherche du FIT
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Sharing Road Safety; Developing an International Framework for Crash Modification Functions
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Chaque année, environ 1,3 million de personnes sont tuées et 50 autres millions de personnes sont blessées sur les routes à travers le monde. Ces accidents de la route coûtent aux pays entre 1 et 3 % de leur PIB. Bon nombre de ces accidents pourraient être évités par des interventions bien ciblées. Ce rapport aide à identifier les contre-mesures de sécurité les plus efficaces. Les décideurs ont besoin de justifier leurs dépenses sur la sécurité routière en termes d'efficacité, en concurrence pour les ressources limitées disponibles. Le risque de prendre de mauvaises décisions et le coût de la prise de meilleures décisions peuvent être réduits grâce à l'utilisation d'études fiables sur l'efficacité des mesures de sécurité, réalisées sur la base de fonctions de modification de l'accidentalité (FMA). Ce rapport montre qu'il existe une perspective de progrès significatifs et des économies importantes par le biais du transfert des résultats à l'échelle internationale, permettant l'adoption plus rapide de nouvelles mesures de sécurité. Le rapport sert de guide à la façon dont les résultats des recherches peuvent être partagées au niveau international. Il fournit une liste de contrôle pour l'examen systématique des études de sécurité routière et un cadre pour la normalisation méthodologie.
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264200685
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Value for Money in Government
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Value for money in government
    Keywords: Regierung ; Schweden ; Governance ; Sweden
    Abstract: This report presents the results of the assessment of the organisation of the central government of Sweden. The study looks at reforms that are aimed at improving the quality of services (more value) and efficiency (less money) in central government. Starting with facts and quantitative benchmarks on the Swedish central government, the study reviews recent reforms in Sweden, and makes recommendations in ten selected areas. The study concludes with a survey of the effects on the quality of services and the potential savings.
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264189058
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: Online-Ressource (232 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews; Brazil 2013
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Brazil
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264185128
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews; Mexico 2013
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Evaluaciones de la OCDE sobre el desempeño ambiental; México 2013
    Keywords: Environment ; Mexico
    Abstract: Ce rapport est le troisième examen environnemental du Mexique. Il évalue les progrès vers le développement durable et la croissance verte et met l'accent sur les politiques relatives au changement climatique, à la conservation de la biodiversité et des forêts.
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264202887 , 9789264219953
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (208 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE ; Afrique du Sud 2013
    Keywords: Environment ; South Africa
    Abstract: This report is the first OECD review of South Africa’s environmental performance. It has been carried out as part of the OECD dialogue with South Africa as Key Partner. The report evaluates South Africa's progress towards sustainable development and green growth, with a focus on policies that provide incentives to protect South Africa's exceptionally rich biodiversity and promote more effective and efficient environmental management across different levels of public administration.
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