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  • 2010-2014
  • 1995-1999  (16)
  • 1995  (16)
  • Dordrecht : Springer  (16)
  • Logic  (16)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Logic and Lexicon : The Semantics of the Indefinite (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401584456
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 381 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 56
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    Keywords: Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Linguistics ; Logic ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Semiotics.
    Abstract: Semantic underspecification is an essential and pervasive property of natural language. This monograph provides a comprehensive survey of the various phenomena in the field of ambiguity and vagueness. The book discusses the major theories of semantic indefiniteness, which have been proposed in linguistics, philosophy and computer science. It argues for a view of indefiniteness as the potential for further contextual specification, and proposes a unified logical treatment of indefiniteness on this basis. The inherent inconsistency of natural language induced by irreducible imprecision is investigated, and treated in terms of a dynamic extension of the proposed logic. The book is an extended edition of a German monograph and is addressed to advanced students and researchers in theoretical and computational linguistics, logic, philosophy of language, and NL- oriented AI. Although it makes extensive use of logical formalisms, it requires only some basic familiarity with standard predicate logic concepts since all technical terms are carefully explained
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8445-6
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    Doing Worlds with Words : Formal Semantics without Formal Metaphysics (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401584685
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 240 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 253
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Semantics ; Logic ; Semiotics. ; Mathematical logic. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Doing Worlds with Words throws light on the problem of meaning as the meeting point of linguistics, logic and philosophy, and critically assesses the possibilities and limitations of elucidating the nature of meaning by means of formal logic, model theory and model-theoretical semantics. The main thrust of the book is to show that it is misguided to understand model theory metaphysically and so to try to base formal semantics on something like formal metaphysics; rather, the book states that model theory and similar tools of the analysis of language should be understood as capturing the semantically relevant, especially inferential, structure of language. From this vantage point, the reader gains a new light on many of the traditional concepts and problems of logic and philosophy of language, such as meaning, reference, truth and the nature of formal logic
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8468-5
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  • 3
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    Science, Mind and Art : Essays on science and the humanistic understanding in art, epistemology, religion and ethics In honor of Robert S. Cohen (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401104692
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 462 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 165
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 165
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Aesthetics ; Logic ; Philosophy of mind ; History ; Religion—Philosophy.
    Abstract: In three volumes, a distinguished group of scholars from a variety of disciplines in the natural and social sciences, the humanities and the arts contribute essays in honor of Robert S. Cohen, on the occasion of his 70th birthday. The range of the essays, as well as their originality, and their critical and historical depth, pay tribute to the extraordinary scope of Professor Cohen's intellectual interests, as a scientist-philosopher and a humanist, and also to his engagement in the world of social and political practice. Science, Mind and Art, Volume III of Essays in honor of Robert S. Cohen focuses on issues in contemporary epistemology, aesthetics, and philosophy of mind as well as on the relations of science and human values in ethical and religious thought. It also has important new work in contemporary metaphysics, as well as in the history of philosophy, and on questions of multiculturalism in science education. Contributors include Paul Feyerabend, Adolf Grünbaum, Joseph Margolis, Joëlle Proust, Erazim Kohak, Elie Wiesel, Miriam Bienenstock, and John Silber, among others
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-0469-2
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  • 4
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    Consequentialism Reconsidered (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401585538
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 171 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, Series A: Philosophy and Methodology of the Social Sciences 20
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library A:, Rational Choice in Practical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science 20
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Economics ; Ethics ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; Operations research ; Econometrics.
    Abstract: In Consequentialism Reconsidered, Carlson strives to find a plausible formulation of the structural part of consequentialism. Key notions are analyzed, such as outcomes, alternatives and performability. Carlson argues that consequentialism should be understood as a maximizing rather than a satisficing theory, and as temporally neutral rather than future oriented. He also shows that certain moral theories cannot be reformulated as consequentialist theories. The relevant alternatives for an agent in a situation are taken to comprise all actions that they can perform in the situation. The defense of this idea necessitates certain modifications to the standard consequentialist criteria of obligatoriness, rightness and wrongness. The problem of whether agents should adapt their actions to their own future actions is also addressed. Further, a conditional analysis of performability is suggested, and it is argued that particular actions should in this connection be regarded as `abstract' rather than `concrete'. The final chapter sketches a consequentialist theory for collective agents
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8553-8
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  • 5
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    Judgment and Sachverhalt : An Introduction to Adolf Reinach’s Phenomenological Realism (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401584708
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 168 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Collection Fondée par H.L. van Breda et Publiée Sous le Patronage des Centres d’Archives-Husserl 132
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 132
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Logic ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Adolf Reinach was one of the leading figures of the Munich and Göttingen circles of phenomenology, and Husserl's first real co-worker. Although his writings are highly original and remarkably clear, Reinach's tragic death in the First World War prevented him from formulating a definitive statement of his phenomenology, leaving his name virtually unknown to all but a small circle. In his ground-breaking study, Judgment and Sachverhalt, DuBois shows how Reinach succeeds in developing a realist ontology and epistemology based on rigorous argumentation and phenomenological elucidation. Drawing from numerous texts and the developments of Reinach's students and colleagues - Roman Ingarden, Alexander Pfänder and Dietrich von Hildebrand above all - DuBois presents, refines and defends Reinach's `phenomenological realism'. Confrontations of Reinach's theories of states of affairs, concepts and speech acts with the work of contemporary authors like Chisholm and Searle allow readers to evaluate Reinach's philosophy, not only in the light of the later developments of Husserl, but also in the light of certain Anglo-American developments
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8470-8
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  • 6
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    Quantifiers: Logics, Models and Computation : Volume Two: Contributions (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401705240
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 278 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 249
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Information theory ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Semantics ; Logic ; Semiotics. ; Mathematical logic. ; Computer science.
    Abstract: The quantifier concept is central to current logical investigations. Quantifiers: Logics, Models and Computation. Volume Two: Contributions contains twelve research papers devoted to generalized quantifiers and their applications. It offers an exhaustive survey of logical methods that are useful in investigations involving generalized quantifiers. Both model-theoretical and proof-theoretical approaches are well represented. Moreover, some papers focus on the applications of logical theory, particularly in relation to semantics of natural language. The volume includes a wide-ranging survey of logical methods which are useful in investigations into generalized quantifiers. The book is the second volume of a large collection. The first volume - Quantifiers: Logics, Models and Computation. Volume One: Surveys - contains a collection of survey papers on selected, well-defined areas organized around the quantifier concept. Volumes One and Two are complementary. For logicians, mathematicians, philosophers, linguists and computer scientists. Also suitable as a text for advanced undergraduate or graduate specialized courses in logic
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0524-0
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  • 7
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    The Foundational Debate : Complexity and Constructivity in Mathematics and Physics (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401733274
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 354 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook [1995], Institut ‘Wiener Kreis’ Society for the Advancement of the Scientific World Conception 3
    Series Statement: Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook, Institute Vienna Circle, University of Vienna Vienna Circle Society, Society for the Advancement of Scientific World Conceptions 3
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Quantum theory ; Logic ; Artificial intelligence ; History ; Mathematical logic. ; Quantum physics.
    Abstract: Constructibility and complexity play central roles in recent research in computer science, mathematics and physics. For example, scientists are investigating the complexity of computer programs, constructive proofs in mathematics and the randomness of physical processes. But there are different approaches to the explication of these concepts. This volume presents important research on the state of this discussion, especially as it refers to quantum mechanics. This `foundational debate' in computer science, mathematics and physics was already fully developed in 1930 in the Vienna Circle. A special section is devoted to its real founder Hans Hahn, referring to his contribution to the history and philosophy of science. The documentation section presents articles on the early Philipp Frank and on the Vienna Circle in exile. Reviews cover important recent literature on logical empiricism and related topics
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3327-4
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  • 8
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    Plurality, Conjunction and Events (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401585811
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 307 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 55
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    Keywords: Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Linguistics ; Logic ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Semiotics.
    Abstract: Plurality, Conjunction and Events presents a novel theory of plural and conjoined phrases, in an event-based semantic framework. It begins by reviewing options for treating the alternation between `collective' and `distributive' readings of sentences containing plural or conjoined noun phrases, including analyses from both the modern and the premodern literature. It is argued that plural and conjoined noun phrases are unambiguously group-denoting, and that the collective/distributive distinction therefore must be located in the predicates with which these noun phrases combine. More specifically, predicates must have a hidden argument place for events; the collective/distributive distinction may then be represented in the part/whole structure of these events. This allows a natural treatment of `collectivizing' adverbial expressions, and of `pluractional' affixes; it also allows a unified semantics for conjunction, in which conjoined sentences and predicates denote groups of events, much like conjoined noun phrases denote groups of individuals
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8581-1
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  • 9
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    Frege: Sense and Reference One Hundred Years Later (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401104111
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 212 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 65
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Logic ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy—History. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Semiotics.
    Abstract: Gottlob Frege's Über Sinn und Bedeutung (`On Sense and Reference'), has come to be seen, in the century since its publication in 1892, as one of the seminal texts of analytic philosophy. It, along with the rest of Frege's writings on logic and mathematics, came to mark out a whole new domain of inquiry. This volume bears witness to the continuing importance and influence of that agenda. It contains original papers written by leading Frege scholars for the conference held in 1992 in Karlovy Vary to celebrate the publication of Frege's essay. The fourteen essays show how the questions Frege discusses in that essay connect intimately with issues much debated in current philosophy of language and philosophy of mind
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-0411-1
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  • 10
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    Wittgenstein: Mind and Language (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401736916
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (328 p. 2 illus) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 245
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy—History. ; Life sciences. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Wittgenstein: Mind and Language brings together a collection of previously unpublished essays which offer a systematic account of Wittgenstein's philosophy of mind and contribute in an absolutely new and original way to illuminating his later conception of human perceptive, emotional and cognitive language from both a theoretical and an historical point of view. The focus is on the fundamental categories of philosophical grammar, on the analysis of intentionality, of belief and Moore's paradox, on certainty and doubt, on will, memory, sensations and emotions, as well as on the theory of aspects and private language and the relationship with relativism and psychologism. In the recent literature there are undoubtedly numerous qualified publications dedicated to the themes of philosophical psychology as they emerge from Wittgenstein's Nachlaß and from his writings on this subject published in the last decade. This book, however, provides the essential points of reference of Wittgenstein's late treatment of psychological concepts in the context of the general features of his early philosophy of science and language and in the framework of the trends of his time. The book is of special interest to scholars and students, philosophers, linguists, psychologists, sociologists, cognitive scientists, logicians, historians of contemporary philosophy and science
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3691-6
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  • 11
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    From Dedekind to Gödel : Essays on the Development of the Foundations of Mathematics (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401584784
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 472 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 251
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Logic ; Philosophy, modern ; Mathematics. ; History. ; Mathematical logic.
    Abstract: Discussions of the foundations of mathematics and their history are frequently restricted to logical issues in a narrow sense, or else to traditional problems of analytic philosophy. From Dedekind to Gödel: Essays on the Development of the Foundations of Mathematics illustrates the much greater variety of the actual developments in the foundations during the period covered. The viewpoints that serve this purpose included the foundational ideas of working mathematicians, such as Kronecker, Dedekind, Borel and the early Hilbert, and the development of notions like model and modelling, arbitrary function, completeness, and non-Archimedean structures. The philosophers discussed include not only the household names in logic, but also Husserl, Wittgenstein and Ramsey. Needless to say, such logically-oriented thinkers as Frege, Russell and Gödel are not entirely neglected, either. Audience: Everybody interested in the philosophy and/or history of mathematics will find this book interesting, giving frequently novel insights
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8478-4
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  • 12
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    Critical Rationalism, Metaphysics and Science : Essays for Joseph Agassi Volume I (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401104715
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXII, 266 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 161
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 161
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Political science Philosophy ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Political science—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The distinguished contributors from three continents focus in this book particularly on the broad philosophical framework known as critical rationalism, testing its limitations, and discovering surprising connections. The essays well illustrate the fecundity and range of Professor Agassi's interests, and the broad range of persons he has influenced. Of particular concern in the volume are the broad frameworks of rationality and of religion. The religion of science, which is something Agassi has always opposed, is debated here. Among other distinguished contributors, the volume contains one of the last papers by the late Paul K. Feyerabend
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-0471-5
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  • 13
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    Quantifiers: Logics, Models and Computation : Volume One: Surveys (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401705226
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 424 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 248
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Information theory ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Semantics ; Logic ; Semiotics. ; Mathematical logic. ; Computer science.
    Abstract: Quantifiers: Logics, Models and Computation is the first concentrated effort to give a systematic presentation of the main research results on the subject, since the modern concept was formulated in the late '50s and early '60s. The majority of the papers are in the nature of a handbook. All of them are self-contained, at various levels of difficulty. The Introduction surveys the main ideas and problems encountered in the logical investigation of quantifiers. The Prologue, written by Per Lindström, presents the early history of the concept of generalised quantifiers. The volume then continues with a series of papers surveying various research areas, particularly those that are of current interest. Together they provide introductions to the subject from the points of view of mathematics, linguistics, and theoretical computer science. The present volume has been prepared in parallel with Quantifiers: Logics, Models and Computation, Volume Two. Contributions, which contains a collection of research papers on the subject in areas that are too fresh to be summarised. The two volumes are complementary. For logicians, mathematicians, philosophers, linguists and computer scientists. Suitable as a text for advanced undergraduate and graduate specialised courses in logic
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0522-6
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  • 14
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    Applied Logic: How, What and Why : Logical Approaches to Natural Language (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401585330
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 392 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 247
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Logic ; Natural language processing (Computer science). ; Semiotics. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Syntax.
    Abstract: A selection of papers presented at the international conference `Applied Logic: Logic at Work', held in Amsterdam in December 1992. Nowadays, the term `applied logic' has a very wide meaning, as numerous applications of logical methods in computer science, formal linguistics and other fields testify. Such applications are by no means restricted to the use of known logical techniques: at its best, applied logic involves a back-and-forth dialogue between logical theory and the problem domain. The papers focus on the application of logic to the study of natural language, in syntax, semantics and pragmatics, and the effect of these studies on the development of logic. In the last decade, the dynamic nature of natural language has been the most interesting challenge for logicians. Dynamic semantics is here applied to new topics, the dynamic approach is extended to syntax, and several methodological issues in dynamic semantics are systematically investigated. Other methodological issues in the formal studies of natural language are discussed, such as the need for types, modal operators and other logical operators in the formal framework. Further articles address the scope of these methodological issues from other perspectives ranging from cognition to computation. The volume presents papers that are interesting for graduate students and researchers in the field of logic, philosophy of language, formal semantics and pragmatics, and computational linguistics
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8533-0
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  • 15
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    Informatics and the Foundations of Legal Reasoning (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401585316
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 375 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 21
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Logic ; Artificial intelligence ; Law—History. ; Law—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Informatics and the Foundations of Legal Reasoning represents a close collaboration between a wide range of disciplines and countries. Fourteen papers, together with a long analytical introduction by the editors, were selected from the contributions of legal theorists, computer scientists, philosophers and logicians who were members of an International Working Group supported by the European Commission. The Group was mandated to work towards determining how far the law is amenable to formal modeling, and in what ways computers might assist legal thinking and practice. The book is the result of discussions held by the Group over two and half years. It will help students and researchers from different backgrounds to focus on a common set of topics of increasing general interest. It embodies the results of work in progress and suggests many issues for further discussion. A stimulating text for undergraduate and graduate courses in law, philosophy and computer science departments, as well as for those interested in the place of computers in legal practice, especially at the international level
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8531-6
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  • 16
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    To Know or Not to Know : Beyond Realism and Anti-Realism (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401735421
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXII, 224 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 244
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic ; Philosophy, modern ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: The theory presented here represents a radical departure from current treatments of the theory of knowledge. It makes the point that all such work is based on the false assumption that what makes knowledge possible is in itself knowable in some way, whereas in fact it is below the threshold of any cognitive consciousness. It is therefore necessary to seek the basis of the possibility of knowledge on entirely different levels, and in entirely novel ways. To Know or Not to Know is the first presentation of the theory in full, earlier writings being only preliminary and brief. It is aimed at the general philosopher, and the specialist in the field of epistemology, but relevant to anyone who would understand how it is possible to know anything at all
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3542-1
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