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  • 1990-1994  (31)
  • 1991  (31)
  • Dordrecht : Springer  (31)
  • London
  • Humanities  (20)
  • Logic  (11)
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Language
Years
  • 1990-1994  (31)
Year
  • 1
    ISBN: 9789401131704
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 182 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Behavioral Science
    Series Statement: NATO ASI Series, Series D: Behavioural and Social Sciences 59
    Series Statement: Nato Science Series D:, Behavioural and Social Sciences 59
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    DDC: 306.09
    Keywords: Humanities ; Civilization—History.
    Abstract: Section I: Perspectives from Academia, Industry, and Government -- Reconciling Conflicts — The Challenge for the University -- An Industry Perspective on the Changing University -- Positioning U.S. Science Policy for the New World Order -- The University — and Particularly the Technological University: Pragmatism and Beyond -- The Swing of the Pendulum: Financing of British Universities from the 1960s through the 1980s -- Changing Patterns of Finance for Higher Education: Implications for the Education of Scientists and Engineers -- Section II: Current Trends in the Education of S&ES -- Contradictions and Complexity: International Comparisons in the Training of Foreign Scientists and Engineers -- Science and Engineering: Human Resource Needs in the Next Three Decades -- Structural Changes in the Japanese Supply/Employment Systems of Engineers: Are We Losing or Gaining? -- Educating and Training the U.S. Work Force for the Twenty-First Century -- Section III: The Flow of Information -- The Changing Patterns of International Collaboration in Universities -- National Security Information Controls in the United States: Implications for International Academic Science and Technology -- List of Contributors -- List of Participants.
    Abstract: This collection of papers was written for a NATO Advanced Research Workshop held at Harvard University in March 1990. The title, "The Changing University and the Education of Scientists and Engineers: An International Workshop," broad as it is, does not convey the sweep of data, infonnation, opinions, and suggestions for future research and policy choices that were crowded into two-and-a-half days of fonnal presentations, mealtime discussions, and teatime chats. The proposal for the workshop grew out of a research project I had carried out that explored the policies governing the education of foreign science and engineering students (S&Es) in several industrialized countries, and of two countries that send large numbers of S&E students abroad - the People's Republic of China (PRC) and Japan (see chapter 7). In research visits to these countries as well as to France, the United Kingdom, West Gennany, and within the United States, I was struck by the similarity of issues that were raised. One was the concern that there would not be enough well-trained scientists and engineers to meet the constantly increasing demand for them. Government officials, industrialists, and educators repeatedly stressed that a well-educated and -motivated work force was essential for their economies, national security, and for society as a whole. Many of those interviewed mentioned that universities are undergoing rapid, systemic changes as governments and industry are calling on them to provide human resources and intellectual capital.
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9789401131643
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 471 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 134
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 134
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I: Introduction -- World Views and Scientific Discipline Formation: How East German Science Studies Contributed to the Fall of the Cultural Wall -- On the Origin and Nature of Scientific Disciplines -- II: Ideas and Institutions -- Relating Evolutionary Theory to the Natural Sciences -- Dialectical Understanding of the Unity of Scientific Knowledge -- History of Science in the GDR: Institutions and Programmatic Positions -- III: Mathematics in a Socio-Political Context -- Historiography of Mathematics: Aims, Methods, Tasks -- The Berlin’ society for Scientific Philosophy’ as Organizational Form of Philosophizing in the Medium of Natural Science -- Mathematics and Ideology in Fascist Germany -- IV: Psychology Constructs its Subject Matter -- Imageless Thought or Stimulus Error? The Social Construction of Private Experience -- The Berlin Psychological Tradition: Between Experiment and Quasi-Experimental Design, 1850–1990 -- Move over Darwin: The Ontogenetic Sources of William Preyer’s Developmental Psychology -- On the Interdisciplinary Genesis of Experimental Methods in Nineteenth-Century German Psychology -- V: Physics in the Context of Philosophy and Theory Of Science -- From Boltzmann to Planck: On Continuity in Scientific Revolutions -- Walther Nernst and Quantum Theory -- Historical Explanations in Modern Physics: The Lesson of Modern Quantum Mechanics -- Fritz London and the Community of Quantum Physicists -- VI: Theory as Method -- The Middle Ages: Darkness in the Sciences -- to the Basic Concepts of Communication-Oriented Science Studies -- Philosophical Problems of Modern Psychology -- VII: Discipline Formation of Philosophy -- Neo-Kantianism and Epistemology: On the Formation of a Philosophical Discipline in Nineteenth-Century Germany -- The Transformation of German Philosophy in the Context of Scientific Research in the Nineteenth Century -- Reform Efforts of Logic at Mid-Nineteenth Century in Germany -- VIII: Biological Evolution in the Mirror of Theories of Evolution -- August Weismann: One of the First Synthetic Theorists of Evolutionary Biology -- Darwin and the German Theologians -- Two Faces of Biologism: Some Reflections on a Difficult Period in the History of Biology in Germany -- What Keeps a Species Together -- IX: Teachers and Students: Chemistry Laboratories and Dissertations -- The Training in Germany of English-Speaking Chemists in the Nineteenth Century and its Profound Influence in America and Britain -- Science and Practice in German Agriculture: Justus von Liebig, Hermann von Liebig, and the Agricultural Experiment Stations -- Things Are Seldom What They Seem: The Story of Non-Phosphorylating Glycolysis -- X: Natural Science and Naturphilosophie -- Goethe’s Morphology of Stones: Between Natural History and Historical Geology -- The Philosophy of Living Things: Schilling’s Naturphilosophie as a Transition to the Philosophy of Identity 339 -- A New Correspondence of the Philosopher F. W. J. Schelling -- The Influence of Jakob Friedrich Fries on Matthias Schleiden -- XI: Science and Society -- The Geographical Vision and the Popular Order of Disciplines, 1848–1870 -- Knowledge Transfer in the Nineteenth Century: Young, Navier, Roebling, and the Brooklyn Bridge -- Soviet-German Scientific Relations before World War II: Fruitful Cooperation in Different Social Orders -- XII: The Social Construction of Scientific Knowledge -- Bourgeois Berlin Salons: Meeting Places for Culture and the Sciences -- Max Delbrück: A Physicist in Biology -- ‘Nobody Can Become a Real Engineer Who Has Not Already Become a Whole Person’ -- Summer Institute Program 1988 -- About the Authors -- Name Index.
    Abstract: The various efforts to develop a Marxist philosophy of science in the one­ time 'socialist' countries were casualties of the Cold War. Even those who were in no way Marxists, and those who were undogmatic in their Marxisms, now confront a new world. All the more harsh is it for those who worked within the framework imposed upon professional philosophy by the official ideology. Here in this book, we are concerned with some 31 colleagues from the late German Democratic Republic, representative in their scholarship of the achievements of a curiously creative while dismayingly repressive period. The literature published in the GDR was blossoming, certainly in the final decade, but it developed within a totalitarian regime where personal careers either advanced or faltered through the private protection or denunciation of mentors. We will never know how many good minds did not enter the field of philosophy in the first place due to their prudent judgments that there was a virtual requirement that the candidate join the Socialist Unity (i.e. Communist) Party. Among those who started careers and were sidetracked, the record is now beginning to be revealed; and for the rest, the price of 'doing philosophy' was mostly silence in the face of harassments the likes of which make academic politics in the West seem child's play.
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9789401137386
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXI, 130 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Episteme, A Series in the Foundational, Methodological, Philosophical, Psychological, Sociological, and Political Aspects of the Sciences, Pure and Applied 16
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Logic ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: On Truth -- Introduction: Logical Values -- I. The Nature of Truth -- II. The Coherence Theory of Truth -- III. Judgment -- IV. Knowledge and Opinion -- V. Judgment and Time -- Appendix I: Older Draft Versions -- Introductory -- I. The Nature of Truth -- II. The Coherence Theory of Truth -- III. Judgment -- V. Judgment and Time -- Appendix II: Supplemental Material -- 1. The Nature of Proportions (1921) -- 2. “On Justifying Induction”: Paper to the Society (1922) -- 3. “The Long and Short of It” -- Name Index.
    Abstract: The present publication forms part of a projected book that F. P. Ramsey drafted but never completed. It survived among his papers and ultimately came into the possession of the University of Pittsburgh in the circumstances detailed in the Editor's Introduction. Our hope in issuing this work at this stage - some sixty years after Ramsey's premature death at the age of 26 - is both to provide yet another token of his amazing philosophical creativity, and also to make available an important datum for the still to be written history of the development of philosophical analysis. This is a book whose appearance will, we hope and expect, be appreciated both by those interested in linguistic philosophy itself and by those concerned for its historical development in the present century. EDITORS'INTRODUCTION 1. THE RAMSEY COLLECTION Frank Plump ton Ramsey (22 February 1903 -19 January 1930) was an extra­ ordinary scholarly phenomenon. Son of a distinguished mathematician and President of Magdalene College, Cambridge and brother of Arthur Michael, eventual Archbishop of Canterbury, Ramsey was closely connected with Cambridge throughout his life, ultimately becoming lecturer in Mathematics in the University. Notwithstanding his great mathematical talent, it was primarily logic and philosophy that engaged his interests, and he wrote original and important contributions to logic, semantics, epistomology, probability theory, philosophy of science, and economics, in addition to seminal work in the foundations of mathematics.
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9789401135405
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 272 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 218
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Archaeology.
    Abstract: I: Foucauldian Archaeology -- 1. Introduction -- 2. On the Very Notion of “Archaeology” -- 3. The New Histories in France -- 4. Archaeology, the New Histories, and the History of Ideas -- 5. The Archaeological Model I: Identifying Discursive Formations -- 6. The Archaeological Model Ii: Beyond Continuity and Discontinuity -- 7. Archaeology of Knowledge and Other Histories of Science -- Notes to Part I -- II: Foucauldian Genealogy -- 8. Introduction -- 9. The Concept of Power -- 10. The Genealogical Conception of Power I: Fields and Networks -- 11. The Genealogical Conception of Power Ii: Social Power and Scientific Knowledge -- 12. Genealogical Research Strategies -- 13. Genealogical Perspectivism -- 14. Genealogical Criticism of Power and Rationalities -- Notes To Part II -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401132428
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 264 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Technology 8
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Education Philosophy ; Technology Philosophy ; Humanities ; Technology—Philosophy. ; Education—Philosophy.
    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: The Development of Technology in Eastern and Western Europe -- I Symposium on Ivan Illich -- Ivan Illich’s Philosophy of Technology: Introduction -- Tools for Conviviality: Argument, Insight, Influence -- Ivan Illich and Deschooling Society: A Reappraisal -- Ivan Illich’s Medical Nemesis: Fifteen Years Later -- Ivan Illich’s H2O and the Waters of Forgetfulness -- II Miscellany -- The Technology of Desire: John Dewey, Social Criticism, and the Aesthetics of Human Existence -- Ideology, Technocracy, and Knowledge Utilization -- Technology and Scientific Concepts: Mechanics and the Concept of Mass in Archimedes -- The Limited Promise of Technology Assessment -- Adam Smith and Alma Mater: Technology and the Threat to Academic Freedom -- III Symposium on Education in Science, Technology, and Values -- Symposium on Education in Science, Technology, and Values: Introduction -- Science and Technology Education as Civic Education -- STS, Critical Thinking, and Philosophy for Children -- STS Education and the Paradox of Green Studies.
    Abstract: As Europe moves toward 1992 and full economic unity, and as Eastern Europe tries to find its way in the new economic order, the United States hesitates. Will the new European economic order be good for the U.S. or not? Such a question is exacerbated by world-wide changes in the technological order, most evident in Japan's new techno-economic power. As might be expected, philosophers have been slow to come to grips with such issues, and lack of interest is compounded by different philosophical styles in different parts of the world. What this volume addresses is more a matter of conflicting styles than a substantive confrontation with the real-world issues. But there is some attempt to be concrete. The symposium on Ivan Illich - with contributions from philosophers and social critics at the Penns- vania State University, where Illich has taught for several years - may suggest the old cliche of Old World vs. New World. Illich's fulminations against technology are often dismissed by Americans as old-world-style prophecy, while Illich seems largely unknown in his native Europe. But Albert Borgmann, born in Germany though now settled in the U.S., shows that this old dichotomy is difficult to maintain in our technological world. Borgmann's focus is on urgent technological problems that have become almost painfully evident in both Europe and America.
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401137065
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 135 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Nijhoff International Philosophy Series 30
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Logic ; Ontology ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: 1: Initial Assumptions -- 2: The Standard Theory of Past, Present, and Future -- 3: The Non-Standard Theory of Past, Present, and Future -- 4: Past, Present, Future and Time -- 5: Past, Present, Future and Existence -- 6: Past, Present, Future and Becoming -- 7: Other Theories of Past, Present, and Future -- Appendix: Point-Eventism.
    Abstract: This book is dedicated to the memory of Professor Henryk Mehlberg, primarily because I want to recall his name to readers in the West; for, although Professor Mehlberg was the foremost Polish philosopher in the field of philosophy of time-in that version which is related to twentieth­ century physics-his fundamental work concerning time was published in English 43 years after its original publication (cf. Mehlberg, 1980). I am deeply indebted to Henryk Mehlberg. For two years after the Second World War, I was his student at Wroclaw University (where he lectured on philosophy and mathematical logic). At that time, I developed, under his influence, a long-life fascination with the philosophy of time, and was taught by him how to approach these problems effectively. My research in this field has resulted in three books. The first, Prop­ erties of Time, published (in Polish) in 1970, concerns the topological properties and properties of symmetry (homogeneity and anisotropy) of time. The second, The Nature of Time, published (in Polish) in 1975, looks at possible definitions of time within both theories of relativity. The present book is the third, originally published (in Polish) in 1979; it concerns philosophical problems of past, present, and future and is here presented in English to reach a wider audience.
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9789401137867
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 319 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 9
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 9
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Does Distance Tyrannize Science? -- Tyrannies of Distance in British Science -- Dr George Bennett and Sir Richard Owen: A Case Study of the Colonization of Early Australian Science -- A Far Frontier: British Geological Research in Australia during the Nineteenth Century -- A Collaborative Dimension of the European Empires: Australian and French Acclimatization Societies and Intercolonial Scientific Co-operation -- International Exchange in the Natural History Enterprise: Museums in Australia and the United States -- A World-wide Scientific Network and Patronage System: Australian and Other ‘Colonial’ Fellows of the Royal Society of London -- Ionospheric and Radio Physics in Australian Science since the Early Days -- Theories of the Earth as Seen from Below -- Geographic Isolation and the Origin of Species: The Migrations of Michael White -- Antipodal Fire: Bushfire Research in Australia and America -- Notes on Contributors.
    Abstract: The institutionalization of History and Philosophy of Science as a distinct field of scholarly endeavour began comparatively early - though not always under that name - in the Australasian region. An initial lecturing appointment was made at the University of Melbourne immediately after the Second World War, in 1946, and other appointments followed as the subject underwent an expansion during the 1950s and 1960s similar to that which took place in other parts of the world. Today there are major Departments at the University of Melbourne, the University of New South Wales and the University of Wollongong, and smaller groups active in many other parts of Australia and in New Zealand. 'Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science' aims to provide a distinctive publication outlet for Australian and New Zealand scholars working in the general area of history, philosophy and social studies of science. Each volume comprises a group of essays on a connected theme, edited by an Australian or a New Zealander with special expertise in that particular area. Papers address general issues, however, rather than local ones; parochial topics are avoided. Further­ more, though in each volume a majority of the contributors is from Australia or New Zealand, contributions from elsewhere are by no means ruled out. Quite the reverse, in fact - they are actively encouraged wherever appropriate to the balance of the volume in question.
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9789401132381
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 237 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 124
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 124
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy, modern ; History
    Abstract: 1. Introduction -- I. Classification of Learning -- 2. History and the Encyclopedia -- 3. The Classification of the Visual Arts in the Renaissance -- 4. The Sixteenth-Century Transformation of the Aristotelian Division of the Speculative Sciences -- II. Movers and Shapers -- 5. Galen and Francis Bacon: Faculties of the Soul and the Classification of Knowledge -- 6. Forgotten Ways of Knowing: The Kabbalah, Language, and Science in the Seventeenth Century -- 7. Demonstration, Dialectic, and Rhetoric in Galileo’s Dialogue -- 8. Interpreting Nature: Gassendi versus Diderot on the Unity of Knowledge -- III. Institutions -- 9. The Curriculum of Italian Elementary and Grammar Schools, 1350-1500 -- 10. The Forms of Queen Christina’s Academies -- 11. The Early Society and the Shape of Knowledge -- 12. Periodical Publication and the Nature of Knowledge in Eighteenth-Century Europe -- 13. Epilogue -- Contributors.
    Abstract: The original idea for a conference on the "shapes of knowledge" dates back over ten years to conversations with the late Charles Schmitt of the Warburg Institute. What happened to the classifications of the sciences between the time of the medieval Studium and that of the French Encyclopedie is a complex and highly abstract question; but posing it is an effective way of mapping and evaluating long term intellectual changes, especially those arising from the impact of humanist scholarship, the new science of the seventeenth century, and attempts to evaluate, to apply, to reconcile, and to institutionalize these rival and interacting traditions. Yet such patterns and transformations cannot be well understood from the heights of the general history of ideas. Within the ~eneral framework of the organization of knowledge the map must be filled in by particular explorations and soundings, and our project called for a conference that would combine some encyclopedic (as well as interdisciplinary and inter­ national) breadth with scholarly and technical depth.
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401578851
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 330 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 213
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Logic ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Religion—Philosophy.
    Abstract: A Philosophical Autobiography -- Selected Correspondence with Geach -- History of Philosophy -- Abelard and Medieval Mereology -- Form, Existence and Essence in Aquinas -- On the Discontinuity of Wittgenstein’s Philosophy -- Possibility, Plenitude and Determinism -- Logic -- Plural and Pleonetetic Quantification -- On a Queer Pattern of Argument -- Geach and the Methodology of the Logical Study of Natural Language -- Natural Deduction and Ordinary Language Discourse Structure Identity -- Does Quantification Involve Identity? -- Conceptual Surroundings of Absolute Identity -- On Sameness and Selfhood -- Philosophy of Religion -- Philosophical Confusion and Sin -- On Improving Christianity -- Replies -- Bibliography of Works of P. T. Geach.
    Abstract: The present volume owes its existence to a proposal of Dr Esa Saarinen. Our aim was to celebrate the work of a living philosopher by presenting it both from his own point of view, through the medium of a philosophical autobiography, and from that of his closest philo­ sophical colleagues and adversaries. We felt that a philosophical career lived through vigorous controversy was best reflected not by adulation but in the spirit of that career - by open debate. Contributors were not constrained in their choice of topic, but their contributions fell naturally into groups linked with some of Peter Geach's principal areas of interest, and we have so grouped them in the book. There is an interweaving of biographical and philosophical themes, not only in Peter Geach's philosophical autobiography, but also in the introductions he has contributed to each section. Professor W. V. O. Quine's contribution, which consists of extracts from his correspondence with Peter Geach, has been set apart as it forms a natural bridge between Peter Geach's autobiography and the contri­ butions that follow. Their correspondence reproduced here throws new light on many familiar themes from the writings of both philosophers: among them, the objects of belief and other attitudes, issues in set theory, the nature of causality, and evolution in epistemology.
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  • 10
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401579117
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XX, 469 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 43
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Semantics ; Humanities ; Computational linguistics ; Semiotics.
    Abstract: I -- 1 — The Approach -- 2 — Situation Aspect -- 3 — The Linguistic Realization of the Situation Types -- 4 — Viewpoint Aspect -- 5 — Temporal Location -- 6 — The Formal Analysis of Aspect -- 7 — Aspectual Meaning in Discourse Representation Theory -- II -- 8 — The Aspectual System of English -- 9 — The Aspectual System of French -- 10 — The Aspectual System of Russian -- 11 — The Aspectual System of Mandarin Chinese -- 12 — The Aspectual System of Navajo -- References -- General Index -- Name Index.
    Abstract: During the period I have been working on this project I have received institutional support of several kinds, for which I am most grateful. I thank the Institute for Advanced Study at Stanford University, and the Spencer Foundation, for a stimulating environment in which the basic idea of this book was developed. The Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics at Nijmegen enabled me to spend several months working on the the manuscript. ANational Science Foundation grant to develop Discourse Representation theory, and a grant from The University Research Institute of the University of Texas, allowed me time to pursue this project. I also thank the Center for Cognitive Science at the University of Texas for research support. I thank Helen Aristar-Dry for reading early drafts of the manuscript, Östen Dahl for penetrating remarks on a preliminary version, and my collaborator Gilbert Rappaport for relentIess comments and questions throughout. The individuals with whom I have worked on particular languages are mentioned in the relevant chapters. I owe a particular debt of gratitude to the members of my graduate seminar on aspect in the spring of 1990: they raised many questions of importance which made a real difference to the working out of the theory. I have benefitted from presenting parts of this material publicly, including cOlloquia at the University of California at Berkeley, the University of California at San Diego, the University of Pennsylvania, Rice University, the University of Texas, and the University of Tel Aviv.
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  • 11
    ISBN: 9789401137645
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 297 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 118
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 118
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; History ; Political science.
    Abstract: Frank Manuel: An Appreciation -- The Diffusion of Science and the Conversion of the Gentiles in the Seventeenth Century -- Good Aristocrats/Bad Aristocrats: Thomas Hobbes and Early Modern Political Culture -- John Selden and the Nature of Seventeenth-Century Science -- Reason and Revolution: Political Consciousness and Ideological Invention at the End of the Old Regime -- Victor Considerant: The Making of a Fourierist -- Utopia and the Sharpest Anguish of the Age? -- Auguste Comte and the Nebular Hypothesis -- The Profits of America: Early Nineteenth-Century British Travel in the United States -- Hawthorne in Utopia -- Human Rights and Democracy -- Dilthey’s Introduction to the Human Sciences: Liberal Social Thought in the Second Reich -- Above and Beyond Party: The Dilemma of Dossiers de l’Action Populaire in the 1930s.
    Abstract: The broad canvas covered by the articles in the present volume celebrates the diversity and richness of the writings of Frank Manuel during a scholarly career that spans over five decades. The subjects of the articles - ranging from science to utopia, from theology to political thought - mirror many of the themes Manuel has written about with erudition, flair and uncommon perception. It is only fitting that in paying tribute to such a defiant intellect each author brings to his treatment a distinct perspective and texture, the result of his own original forays into the history of ideas. Yet underlying all the essays is the conviction that the study of the intersection of individuals and ideas still yields a rich harvest. Presented to Frank on the occasion of his eightieth birthday, In the Presence o/the Past honors a teacher, a friend and, above all, a scholar. R. T. Bienvenu and M. Feingold (eds). ln the presence of the past. vii. MARTIN PERETZ Frank Manuel: An Appreciation It was finally because of Frank Edward Manuel that I decided (however belatedly) to forgo a proper academic career. Since I had not left so much as a leafscar on the tree of the scholarly culture this is not a fact which anyone else would have reason to notice. It is also not, I am happy to add, something for which Manuel will be especially remembered.
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  • 12
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401137300
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXV, 596 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 123
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 123
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Physics—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Preface -- I. Aristotle (384–322 B.C.) and Archimedes (287–212 B.C.) -- II. Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) -- III. Jerome Cardan (1501–1576) -- IV. The Impossibility of Perpetual Motion -- V. The Alexandrian Sources of Medieval Statics -- 1. The works attributed to Euclid -- 2. The Liber Charastonis, published by Thâbit ibn Qurra -- 3. The treatise De canonio -- VI. Statics During the Middle Ages — Jordanus de Nemore -- 1. What do we know about Jordanus de Nemore? -- 2. Some passages from Aristotle’s Mechanical Problems -- 3. The Elements of Jordanus on the Demonstration of Weights -- VII. The Statics of the Middle Ages (Continued) — The School of Jordanus -- 1. The Genesis of the Liber Euclidis de ponderibus -- 2. The Peripatetic transformation of the Elementa Jordani -- 3. The Precursor of Leonardo da Vinci. Discovery of the concept of moment. Solution to the problem of the inclined plane -- 4. The Treatise on Weights according to Master Blasius of Parma -- VIII. The Statics of the Middle Ages and Leonardo da Vinci -- 1. The School of Jordanus, the Treatise of Blasius of Parma and the Statics of Leonardo da Vinci -- 2. The Composition of Forces -- 3. The Problem of the Inclined Plane -- IX. The School of Jordanus in the 16th Century — Nicolo Tartaglia -- 1. Nicolo Tartaglia or Tartalea -- 2. Jerome Cardan. — Alexander Piccolomini. — -- X. The Reaction Against Jordanus — Guido Ubaldo — G.B. Benedetti -- 1. Guido Ubaldo, Marquis del Monte (1545–1607) -- 2. Giovanbattista Benedetti (1530–1590) -- XI. Galileo Galilei (1564–1642). -- XII. Simon Stevin (1548–1620). -- XIII. The French Contribution to Statics — Roberval -- 1. Salomon de Caus. The Early Works of F. Mersenne. The Course on Mathematics by Pierre Hérigone -- 2. Gilles Persone de Roberval (1602–1675) -- XIV. The French Contribution to Statics (Continued) — René Descartes (1596–1650) -- Preface -- XV. The Mechanical Properties of the Center of Gravity from Albert of Saxony to Evangelista Torricelli -- First Period —From Albert of Saxony to the Copernican Revolution -- Second Period — From the Copernician Revolution to Torricelli -- XVI. The Doctrine of Albert of Saxony and the Geostaticians -- 1. How the notion of the center of gravity was refined. The influence of Kepler -- 2. How the notion of the center of gravity was refined (continued). The geostaticians -- XVII. The Systematization of the Laws of Statics -- 1. F. Marin Mersenne (1588–1648), Blaise Pascal (1623–1662), F. Zucchi (1586–1670), F. Honoré Fabri (1606–1688) -- 2. The Traité de Méchanique of Roberval -- 3. John Wallis (1616–1703) -- 4. The great treatises of statics from the Jesuit school. F. Dechales (1621–1678), F. Paolo Casati (1617–1707) -- 5. The reaction against the methods of virtual velocities and virtual work; Jacques Rohault (1620–1675), F. Pardies (1636–1673). The Treatises of F. Lamy, The De motu animalium of Borelli -- 6. The Parallelogram of Forces and Dynamics. The Observations of Roberval. Varignon (1654–1722). The Letter of F. Lamy. The Principia of Newton. The Neo-Statics of F. Saccheri -- 7. The Letter of Jean Bernoulli to Varignon (1717). The definitive formulation of the Principle of Virtual Displacements -- Note A. On the Identity of Charistion and Heriston -- Note B. Jordanus de Nemore and Roger Bacon -- Note C. On the Various Axioms Permitting the Deduction of the Theory of the Lever.
    Abstract: If ever a major study of the history of science should have acted like a sudden revolution it is this book, published in two volumes in 1905 and 1906 under the title, Les origines de la statique. Paris, the place of publication, and the Librairie scientifique A. Hermann that brought it be enough of a guarantee to prevent a very different out, could seem to outcome. Without prompting anyone, for some years yet, to follow up the revolutionary vistas which it opened up, Les origines de la statique certainly revolutionized Duhem's remaining ten or so years. He became the single-handed discoverer of a vast new land of Western intellectual history. Half a century later it could still be stated about the suddenly proliferating studies in medieval science that they were so many commentariesonDuhem's countlessfindings and observations. Of course, in 1906, Paris and the intellectual world in general were mesmerized by Bergson's Evolution creatrice, freshly off the press. It was meant to bring about a revolution. Bergson challenged head-on the leading dogma of the times, the idea of mechanistic evolution. He did so by noting, among other things, that to speak of vitalism was at least a roundabout recognition of scientific ignorance about a large number of facts concerning life-processes. He held high the idea of a "vital impetus passing through matter," and indeed through all matter or the universe, an impetus thatcould be detected only through intuitiveknowledge.
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  • 13
    ISBN: 9789401132442
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 247 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 49
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 49
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Logic ; Science—Philosophy. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: On (the x) (x = Lambert) -- Five Easy Pieces -- The Cartesian Cogitos -- Undefined Definite Descriptions -- Maximum Entropy Updating and Conditionalization -- Leibniz on Ens and Existence -- Colours, Corners and Complexity: Meinong and Wittgenstein on Some Internal Relations -- Atomic Sentences as Singular Terms in Free Logic -- EPR-Situation and Bell’s Inequality -- On Being Spread Out in Time: Temporal Parts and the Problem of Change -- Stability and Chance -- A Reason for Explanation: Explanations Provide Stable Reasons -- The Systems of Plato and Aristotle Compared as to Their Contributions to Physics -- A Note on Aristotle’s Theory of Definition and Scientific Explanation -- Actualism, Free Logic and First-Order Supervaluations -- Bibliography Of Karel Lambert.
    Abstract: This collection of essays is dedicated to 'Joe' Karel Lambert. The contributors are all personally affected to Joe in some way or other, but they are definitely not the only ones. Whatever excuses there are - there are some -, the editors apologize to whomever they have neglected. But even so the collection displays how influential Karel Lambert has been, personally and through his teaching and his writings. The display is in alphabetical order - with one exception: Bas van Fraassen, being about the earliest student of Karel Lambert, opens the collection with some reminiscences. Naturally, one of the focal points of this volume is Lambert's logical thinking and (or: freed of) ontological thinking. Free logic is intimately connected with description theory. Bas van Fraassen gives a survey of the development of the area, and Charles Daniels points to difficulties with definite descriptions in modal contexts and stories. Peter Woodruff addresses the relation between free logic and supervaluation semantics, presenting a novel condition which recovers desirable metatheoretic properties for free logic under that semantics. Terence Parsons shows how free logic can be utilized in interpreting sentences as purporting to denote events (true ones succeed and false ones fail) and how this helps to understand natural language.
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9789401131827
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 331 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in RB [Rezension von: Uebel, Thomas E., Rediscovering the Forgotten Vienna Circle] 1992
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 133
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 133
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Introductory Essay -- 1. Otto Neurath and the Neurath Reception: Puzzle and Promise -- I. The Case of Neurath and the History and Historiography of Science and Philosophy -- 2. On Otto Neurath -- 3. History and the System of Science in Otto Neurath -- 4. On the Historiography of Austrian Philosophy -- 5. Aspects of the Social Background and Position of the Vienna Circle at the University of Vienna -- II. Neurath as a Metatheoretician: Epistemology and Methodology -- 6. The Philosopher Otto Neurath -- The Early Neurath -- 7. The First Vienna Circle -- 8. On Neurath’s Writings on Logic, Ethics and Physics -- 9. The Neurath Principle: Its Grounds and Consequences -- Neurath and the Vienna Circle -- 10. Metaphysics in the Vienna Circle -- 11. Ethics and the Problem of Value in the Vienna Circle -- 12. Otto Neurath—Moritz Schlick: On the Philosophical and Political Antagonisms in the Vienna Circle -- 13. Neurath contra Schlick. On the Discussion of Truth in the Vienna Circle -- 14. On Neurath’s Empiricism and his Critique of Empiricism -- 15. Two Ways of Experiential Justification -- Applications -- 16 Otto Neurath’s Contribution to the Theory of the Social Sciences -- 17. Sociological Thought with Otto Neurath -- 18. Neurath’s Theory of Pictorial-Statistical Representation -- III. Neurath as Politician of Knowledge: The Partisanship of Enlightenment -- 19. Otto Neurath: Encyclopedist, Adult Educationalist and School Reformer -- 20. Otto Neurath and Adult Education: Unity of Science, Materialism and Comprehensive Enlightenment -- 21. The Unity of Planned Economy and the Unity of Science -- 22. Otto Neurath’s Utopias—The Will to Hope -- Name Index.
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9789401134125
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 261 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 10
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 10
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Religion (General) ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Religion.
    Abstract: Copernicus, Apollo, and Herakles -- Religion and the Failures of Determinism -- The Paradox of Power: Hobbes and Stoic Naturalism -- Cudworth and Seventeenth-Century Theories of Consciousness -- The Neoplatonic Conception of Nature in More, Cudworth, and Berkeley -- The Ancient Legal Sources of Seventeenth-Century Probability -- Robert Hooke, Physico-Mythology, Knowledge of the World of the Ancients and Knowledge of the Ancient World -- ‘The Wisdom of the Egyptians’ and the Secularisation of History in the Age of Newton -- On Newtonian History -- Notes on Contributors -- Index of Mythical and Historical Figures.
    Abstract: The institutionalization of History and Philosophy of Science as a distinct field of scholarly endeavour began comparatively earl- though not always under that name - in the Australasian region. An initial lecturing appointment was made at the University of Melbourne immediately after the Second World War, in 1946, and other appoint­ ments followed as the subject underwent an expansion during the 1950s and 1960s similar to that which took place in other parts of the world. Today there are major Departments at the University of Melbourne, the University of New South Wales and the University of W ollongong, and smaller groups active in many other parts of Australia and in New Zealand. 'Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science' aims to provide a distinctive pUblication outlet for Australian and New Zealand scholars working in the general area of history, philosophy and social studies of science. Each volume comprises a group of essays on a connected theme, edited by an Australian or a New Zealander with special expertise in that particular area. Papers address general issues, however, rather than local ones; parochial topics are avoided. Further­ more, though in each volume a majority of the contributors is from Australia or New Zealand, contributions from elsewhere are by no means ruled out. Quite the reverse, in fact - they are actively encouraged wherever appropriate to the balance of the volume in question.
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400921610
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (336p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 46
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Philosophy of mind ; Computer science ; History ; Linguistics.
    Abstract: Socratic and Platonic Sources of Cognitivism -- The First Functionalist -- Mental Representations in Later Medieval Scholasticism -- Ockham on Mental Language -- Linguistics and Descartes -- Spinoza’s Science of the ‘Idea of the Body’ -- Leibnizian Resonances -- Hume and Cognitive Science -- Reid and the Contemporary View of Consciousness -- Kant’s Functionalism -- Kant’s Dedicated Cognitivist System -- Husserl and the Representational Theory of Mind -- The Introspectionism of Titchener -- Analytic Philosophy and Mental Phenomena -- Intuitive Psychologists: Mental Activities and Their Parts.
    Abstract: My interest in gathering together a collection of this sort was generated by a fortuitous combination of historical studies under Professor Keith Lehrer and studies in cognitive science under Professor R. Michael Harnish at the University of Arizona. Work on the volume began there while I was an instructor in the Department of Linguistics and was greatly encouraged by participants in the Faculty Seminar on Cognitive Science chaired by Professor Lance J. Rips. I wish to express my appreciation to all of these and to many other individuals with whom I discussed the possibility of contribution to this work. I am especially grateful to the authors of the essays included here, as they showed more patience than I could have hoped for in seeing me through a number of uncertain stages in development of the project. My thanks are also due to my colleague Charles Reid for assistance in reviewing submissions, to Tim McFadden for computer resources, and again, to Keith Lehrer for continuing advice in arrangements for publication. Financial support for manuscript preparation was provided in part under University Research Grant No. 617 from the University Research Council, Youngstown State University.
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401137904
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (344p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: A History of Women Philosophers 3
    Series Statement: History of Women Philosophers 3
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: 1. Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of Newcastle -- I. Biography -- II. Works -- III. Natural Philosophy -- IV. Feminism -- V. Conclusions -- 2. Kristina Wasa, Queen of Sweden -- I. Biography -- II. Philosophy -- III. Conclusions -- 3. Anne Finch, Viscountess Conway -- I. Biography -- II. Influence on Leibniz -- III. Philosophical Writing -- IV. Summary -- 4. Sor Juana Inés De La Cruz -- I. Biography -- II. Prose Philosophical Works -- III. Philosophical Poetry -- IV. Conclusions -- 5. Damaris Cudworth Masham -- I. Biography -- II. Works -- III. Conclusions -- 6. Mary Astell -- I. Biography -- II. Works -- III. Religious Epistemology and Women -- IV. Epistemology and Religious Knowledge -- V. Conclusions -- 7. Catharine Trotter Cockburn -- I. Biography -- II. Philosophical Writings -- III. Epistemological Foundations of Moral Law -- IV. Epistemological Foundation of Religion -- V. The Immortality of the Soul -- VI. Summary -- VII. Conclusions -- 8. Gabrielle Émilie Le Tonnelier De Breteuil Du Châtelet-Lomont -- I. Biography -- II. Ethics, Religion and Philosophy of Language -- III. Collaborative Works -- IV. Metaphysics -- V. Philosophy of Science -- VI. Conclusions -- 9. Mary Wollstonecraft -- I. Biography -- II. Works -- III. Philosophy -- IV. Conclusions -- 10. Clarisse Coignet -- I. Introduction -- II. Metaethics and Moral Philosophy -- III. Political and Social Philosophy -- IV. Conclusions -- 11. Antoinette Brown Blackwell -- I. Biography -- II. Philosophy -- III. Conclusions -- 12. Julie Velten Favre -- I. Biography -- II. Works -- III. Philosophy -- IV. Conclusions -- 13. Women Philosophers of the Seventeenth, Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries -- I. The Seventeenth Century -- II. The Eighteenth Century -- III. The Nineteenth Century -- IV. Conclusions.
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9789401134941
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 202 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Reason and Argument 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Logic ; Philosophy. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I—Puzzles Problems and Paradoxes -- One Conceptions of Vagueness -- 2 Linguistic Behaviour -- 3 Approaches to Vagueness -- II—The Sorites Paradox -- 4 The Paradox -- 5 Responses to the Paradox -- 6 A Solution to the Paradox -- 7 Further Problems and Puzzles -- 8 Vagueness and Perception -- 9 Conclusions.
    Abstract: This work is in two parts. It began as a general investigation of vagueness in natural languages. The Sorites Paradox came to dominate the work however, and the second part of the book consists in an discussion ofthat puzzle and related problems. The first part contains a general discussion ofthe nature ofvagueness and its sources. I discuss various conceptions of vagueness in chapter 1 and outline some of the problems to do with the conception of vagueness as a linguistic phenomenon. The most interesting of these is the Sorites paradox, which occurs where natural languages exhibit a particular variety of borderline case vagueness. I discuss some sources of vagueness of the borderline case variety, and views of the relation between linguistic behaviour and languages which are vague in this sense. I argue in chapter 2 that these problems are not to be easily avoided by statistical averaging techniques or attempts to provide a mathematical model of consensus in linguistic usage. I also consider in chapter 3 various approaches to the problem of providing an adequate logic and semantics for vague natural languages, and argue against two currently popular approaches to vagueness. These are supervaluation accounts which attempt to provide precise semantic models for vague languages based on the notion of specification spaces, and attempts to replace the laws ofclassical logic with systems offuzzy logic.
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401132008
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXII, 265 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Science and Philosophy 6
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Science—Philosophy. ; Physics—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: I: Høffding as Mentor -- I -- II -- III -- IV -- II: Bohr and the Atomic Description of Nature -- V -- VI -- VII -- VIII -- Epilogue: The Legacy -- Notes.
    Abstract: The bulk of the present book has not been published previously though Chapters II and IV are based in part on two earlier papers of mine: "The Influence of Harald H!1lffding's Philosophy on Niels Bohr's Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics", which appeared in Danish Yearbook of Philosophy, 1979, and "The Bohr-H!1lffding Relationship Reconsidered", published in Studies in History and Philosophy of Science, 1988. These two papers comple­ ment each other, and in order to give the whole issue a more extended treatment I have sought, in the present volume by drawing on relevant historical material, to substantiate the claim that H!1lffding was Bohr's mentor. Besides containing a detailed account of Bohr's philosophy, the book, at the same time, serves the purpose of making H!1lffding' s ideas and historical significance better known to a non-Danish readership. During my work on this book I have consulted the Royal Danish Library; the National Archive of Denmark and the Niels Bohr Archive, Copenhagen, in search of relevant material. I am grateful for permission to use and quote material from these sources. Likewise, I am indebted to colleagues and friends for commenting upon the manuscript: I am especially grateful to Professor Henry Folse for our many discussions during my visit to New Orleans in November-December 1988 and again here in Elsinore in July 1990.
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401133524
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 318 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Nijhoff International Philosophy Series 41
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Logic
    Abstract: 1. Ethics and the Limits of Consistency -- 2. Negative Values -- 3. Whatever Happened to Deontic Logic -- 4. The Ethical Root of Language -- 5. The Principle of Transcendence and the Foundation of Axiology -- 6. Deontic Logic and Imperative Logic -- 7. Against Tolerating the Intolerable -- 8. Winning Against and With the Opponent -- 9. Meaning—Norms and Objectivity -- 10. On the Logic of Practical Evaluation -- 11. The Deductive Model in Ethics -- 12. Truth—Value of Ethical Statements: Some Philosophical Implications of the Model—Theoretic Defintion of Truth -- 13. On Subjective Appreciation of Objective Moral Points -- 14. On Fair Distribution of Indivisible Goods -- 15. Needs and Values.
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401132121
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (388p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 45
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Semantics ; Logic ; Semiotics.
    Abstract: One: Logic and Set Theory -- 1.1. First Order Logic -- 1.2. Second Order Logic -- 1.3. First Order Theories -- 1.4. Zermelo-Fraenkel Set Theory -- Two: Partial Orders -- 2.1. Universal Algebra -- 2.2. Partial Orders and Equivalence Relations -- 2.3. Chains and Linear Orders -- Three: Semantics with Partial Orders -- 3.1. Instant Tense Logic -- 3.2. Algebraic Semantics, Functional Completeness and Expressibility -- 3.3. Some Linguistic Considerations Concerning Instants -- 3.4. Information Structures -- 3.5. Partial Information and Vagueness -- Four: Constructions with Partial Orders -- 4.1. Period Structures -- 4.2. Event Structures -- Five: Intervals, Events and Change -- 5.1. Interval Semantics -- 5.2. The Logic of Change in Interval Semantics -- 5.3. The Moment of Change -- 5.4. Supervaluations -- 5.5. Kamp’s Logic of Change -- Six: Lattices -- 6.1. Basic Concepts -- 6.2. Universal Algebra -- 6.3. Filters and Ideals -- Seven: Semantics with Lattices -- 7.1. Boolean Types -- 7.2. Plurals -- 7.3. Mass Nouns -- Answers To Exercises -- References.
    Abstract: Formalization plays an important role in semantics. Doing semantics and following the literature requires considerable technical sophistica­ tion and acquaintance with quite advanced mathematical techniques and structures. But semantics isn't mathematics. These techniques and structures are tools that help us build semantic theories. Our real aim is to understand semantic phenomena and we need the technique to make our understanding of these phenomena precise. The problems in semantics are most often too hard and slippery, to completely trust our informal understanding of them. This should not be taken as an attack on informal reasoning in semantics. On the contrary, in my view, very often the essential insight in a diagnosis of what is going on in a certain semantic phenomenon takes place at the informal level. It is very easy, however, to be misled into thinking that a certain informal insight provides a satisfying analysis of a certain problem; it will often turn out that there is a fundamental unclarity about what the informal insight actually is. Formalization helps to sharpen those insights and put them to the test.
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9789401579476
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXII, 290 p) , digital
    Edition: Second Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 156
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Logic ; Artificial intelligence ; Computational linguistics ; Mathematical logic.
    Abstract: I / Temporal Ontology -- I.1. / Primitive Notions -- I.2. / Points -- I.3. / Periods -- I.4. / Points and Periods -- I.5. / Events -- II / Temporal Discourse -- II.1. / Choice of Languages -- II.2. / Instant Tense Logic -- II.3. / Extended Tense Logic -- II.4. / Point Talk and Period Talk -- Appendix A / On Space -- Notes -- List of Important Principles -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects -- Appendix “Sept Ans Après” -- Additional References.
    Abstract: The subject of Time has a wide intellectual appeal across different dis­ ciplines. This has shown in the variety of reactions received from readers of the first edition of the present Book. Many have reacted to issues raised in its philosophical discussions, while some have even solved a number of the open technical questions raised in the logical elaboration of the latter. These results will be recorded below, at a more convenient place. In the seven years after the first publication, there have been some noticeable newer developments in the logical study of Time and temporal expressions. As far as Temporal Logic proper is concerned, it seems fair to say that these amount to an increase in coverage and sophistication, rather than further break-through innovation. In fact, perhaps the most significant sources of new activity have been the applied areas of Linguistics and Computer Science (including Artificial Intelligence), where many intriguing new ideas have appeared presenting further challenges to temporal logic. Now, since this Book has a rather tight composition, it would have been difficult to interpolate this new material without endangering intelligibility.
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  • 23
    ISBN: 9789401133463
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 335 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodolgy, and Philosophy of Science 216
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 216
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy of mind ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Aspects of the Theory of Definition -- I / Preliminary Considerations -- Real and Nominal Definitions -- Primitive Concepts: Habits, Conventions, and Laws -- II / Definitional Desiderata -- Vagueness and the Desiderata for Definition -- Definition in a Quinean World -- III / Formal Developments -- Definitions and Definability -- Towards a General Theory of Identifiability -- IV / Epistemic Dimensions -- Epistemic Terms and the Aims of Epistemology -- Rational Definitions and Defining Rationality -- V / Specialized Conceptions -- Idealized Definitions in Physics and Idealized Dispositions -- Inverted Definitions and Their Uses -- VI / Disciplinary Conceptions -- Definitions in Law -- Defining the Divine -- Philosophical Analyses: An Explanation and Defense -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401133487
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 241 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemolog Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 48
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 48
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Logic ; History ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: “Ma vie en bref” -- “Indeterminism or Instability, Does It Matter?” -- “Covariance and the Non-Preference of Coordinate Systems” -- “Kant’s ‘Platonic’ Argument in Behalf of the A Priori Character of the Representation of Space” -- “The Sense of the A Priori Method in Leibniz’s Dynamics” -- “Méthode axiomatique et idée de système dans l’oeuvre de Jules Vuillemin” -- “Algebra, Constructibility, and the Indeterminate” -- “On Whether an Answer to a Why-Question Is an Explanation If and Only If It Yields Scientific Understanding” -- “Some Revisionary Proposals About Belief and Believing” -- “Quantification, Modality, and Semantic Ascent” -- “Temporal Necessity, Time and Ability: a philosophical commentary on Diodorus Cronus’ Master Argument as given in the interpretation of Jules Vuillemin” -- “Replies” -- List of the Publications of Jules Vuillemin, 1947–1989.
    Abstract: Deservedly so, Jules Vuillemin is widely respected and greatly admired. It is not simply that he has produced a large body of outstanding work, in many different areas of philosophy. Or that he combines to an unusual degree rigorous standards with a very wide perspective. Or even that in his path-breaking accounts of algebra, of !)escartes, of Kant and of Russell, he showed in new and profound ways how the histories of science and philosophy could be used to illuminate each other. It is also that he has pursued the application of formal techniques and the defense of liberal institutions with a rare singlemindedness and courage. In a time and place where the former were generally ignored and the latter often attacked, he carried on, at some personal cost, embodying a traditional and ideal conception of the philosophical life, bridging national differences. Those who know him also treasure his friendship. Always curious, he delights in new facts and new experiences, and continually heightens the perception of those around him. Almost yearly, at the College de France he introduced brand new courses always with fresh and fruitful inSights. Exceptionally solicitous, he follows the lives of the families around him in great detail. The devotion of his students is legend. His personal energy is also legend. Many of us have followed him bounding up the stairs two at a time or through the gardens of the Luxembourg, his wit and irony apace.
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  • 25
    ISBN: 9789401125802
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 263 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 8
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: Heidegger and the Formalization of Thought -- The Justification of Logic and Mathematics in Husserl’s Phenomenology -- On Husserl’s Distinction between State of Affairs (Sachverhalt) and Situation of Affairs (Sachlage) -- On Situations and States of Affairs -- Modalization and Modalities -- Remarks on Modalization and Modalities -- Husserl’s Formalism -- Mathematics as a Transcendental Science -- Mathematics and the Task of Phenomenology -- ”Tertium Non Datur:” Husserl’s Conception of a Definite Multiplicity -- Psychologism Revisited -- Some Reflections on Psychologism -- How Mathematical Foundation all but come about: A Report on Studies Toward a Phenomenological Critique of Gödel’s Views on Mathematical Intuition -- On Geometric Intentionality -- Sentences which are True in Virtue of their Color -- Willard and Husserl on Logical Form -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401131889
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXI, 538 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 132
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 132
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Education Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Logic ; History ; Education—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: 1. A Deeper Unity: Some Feyerabendian Themes in Neurocomputational Form -- 2. How to Be a Good Realist -- 3. Between Formalism and Anarchism: A Reasonable Middle Way -- 4. Free of Prejudice and Wholly Critical -- 5. Speculation, Calculation and the Creation of Phenomena -- 6. Reason and Practice -- 7. Science in Feyerabend’s Free Society -- 8. Letter to an Anti-Liberal Liberal -- 9. Obituary on the “Anarchist” Paul Feyerabend -- 10. Ideology, Science and a Free Society -- 11. The Myth of Astronomical Instrumentalism -- 12. Feyerabend on Falsifications, Galileo, and Lady Reason -- 13. The Observational Origins of Feyerabend’s Anarchistic Epistemology -- 14. Incommensurability, its Varieties and its Ontological Consequences -- 15. Feyerabend and the Facts -- 16. Ideological Commitments in the Philosophy of Science -- 17. As You Like It -- 18. Perceptions and Maturity: Reflections on Feyerabend’s Point of View -- 19. Paul Feyerabend — a Green Hero? -- 20. Ecology as a Challenge to Philosophy -- 21. Against Feyerabend -- 22. A New Slant on the Tower Experiment -- 23. Feyerabend’s Materialism -- 24. Scientific Methods and Feyerabend’s Advocacy of Anarchism -- 25. Concluding Unphilosophical Conversation.
    Abstract: Some philosophers think that Paul Feyerabend is a clown, a great many others think that he is one of the most exciting philosophers of science of this century. For me the truth does not lie somewhere in between, for I am decidedly of the second opinion, an opinion that is becoming general around the world as this century comes to an end and history begins to cast its appraising eye upon the intellectual harvest of our era. A good example of this opinion may be found in the admiration for Feyerabend's philosophy of science expressed by Grover Maxwell in his contribution to this volume. Maxwell, recalling his own intellectual transformation, says also that it was Feyerabend who "confirmed my then incipient suspicions that most of the foundations of currently fashionable philosophy and even a great deal of the methodology to which many scientists pay enthusiastic lip service are based on simple mistake- assumptions whose absurdity becomes obvious once attention is directed at them". And lest the reader thinks, as many still do, that however sharp Feyerabend's attacks upon the philosophical establishment may have been, he does not offer a positive philosophy (a complain made by C.A. Hooker and some of the other contributors), Paul Churchland argues otherwise.
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9789401135740
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 333 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Cognitive Systems 8
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Artificial intelligence ; Psycholinguistics
    Abstract: One: Nuts and Bolts -- 1. Mental Representation -- 2. Partitioned Representations -- 3. Language: Process and Structure -- 4. Three Levels of Language Processing -- Two: Studies in Language -- 5. Pedro’s Donkey and Oedipus’s Mother -- 6. Satisfying Presuppositions in Discourse -- 7. Space Frogs and Henry Ford -- 8. Temporal Aspect -- 9. General Conclusions -- Appendices: Formal Models -- 10. A Logic of Partitioned Representations -- 11. Generalized Natural Deduction -- 12. A Computational Model -- References -- Author Index.
    Abstract: Cognitive science is a field that began with the realization that researchers in varied disciplines-psychology, artificial intelligence, linguistics, philosophy, formal semantics, neuroscience, and others-had taken on a common set of problems in representation and meaning, in reasoning and language. Nevertheless, cognitive science as a whole enjoys no common methodology or theoretical framework, and is in danger of becoming even more fragmented with time. There are two reasons for this. First, cognitive science is built on existing methodologies that have different historical origins. AB a result, the psychologist's truth is different from the linguist's truth. The artificial intelligence researcher's truth is different from the philosopher's truth. The neuroscientist's truth is different from the formal semanticist's truth. All too often there is little or no recognition of the relevance of work in other disciplines to one's own concerns. Second, cognitive scientists tend to develop theories around isolated problems. For instance, there are theories about how humans categorize concepts, about how humans analyze linguistic expressions syntactically, about how the English tense system works semantically, about how humans reason about space or reason about time, about how goal-directed problem solving occurs, about how the brain computes, and so on.
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401137164
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 302 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Cognitive Systems 6
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Computer science ; Genetic epistemology ; Humanities ; Philosophy of mind ; Artificial intelligence ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Prologue -- Connectionism and Three Levels of Nativism -- I / Concepts and Content -- Explanation and the Language of Thought -- Conceptual Dependency as the Language of Thought -- Functionalism and Inverted Spectra -- Concepts and Conceptual Change -- Beyond the Exclusively Propositional Era -- II / Semantics and Knowledge -- Can Semantics by Syntactic? -- Form and Content in Semantics -- Knowledge and the Regularity Theory of Information -- Melancholic Epistemology -- Human Understanding -- Epilogue -- Framing the Frame Problem -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: This series will include monographs and collections of studies devoted to the investigation and exploration of knowledge, information, and data-processing systems of all kinds, no matter whether human, (other) animal, or machine. Its scope is intended to span the full range of interest from classical problems in the philosophy of mind and philosophical psychology through issues in cognitive psychology and sociobiology (concerning the mental powers of other species) to ideas related to artificial intelligence and computer science. While primary emphasis will be placed upon theoretical, conceptual, and epistemological aspects of these problems and domains, empirical, experimen­ tal, and methodological studies will also appear from time to time. The present volume reflects the kind of insights that can be obtained when research workers in philosophy, artificial intelligence, and computer science explore problems of common concern. The issues here tend to fall into two broad but varied sets, namely: those concerned with content and concepts, on the one hand, and those concerned with semantics and epistemology, on the other. The collection begins with a prologue that focuses upon the relations between connectionism and alternative conceptions of nativism and ends with an epilogue that examines the significance of alternative conceptions of the Frame Problem for artificial intelligence. Because these papers are rich and diverse, they ought to appeal to a wide and heterogeneous audience. J.H.F.
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401579414
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XX, 272 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Cognitive Systems 7
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Computer science ; Genetic epistemology ; Humanities ; Artificial intelligence ; Computational linguistics ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: 1. The Literal and the Metaphoric -- 2. Views of Metaphor -- 3. Knowledge Representation -- 4. Representation Schemes and Conceptual Graphs -- 5. The Dynamic Type Hierarchy Theory of Metaphor -- 6. Computational Approaches to Metaphor -- 7. The Nature and Structure of Semantic Hierarchies -- 8. Language Games, Open Texture and Family Resemblances -- 9. Programming the Dynamic Type Hierarchy -- Author Index.
    Abstract: This series will include monographs and collections of studies devoted to the investigation and exploration of knowledge, information, and data­ processing systems of all kinds, no matter whether human, (other) animal, or machine. Its scope is intended to span the full range of interests from classical problems in the philosophy of mind and philosophical psychol­ ogy through issues in cognitive psychology and sociobiology (concerning the mental capabilities of other species) to ideas related to artificial intelligence and computer science. While primary emphasis will be placed upon theoretical, conceptual, and epistemological aspects of these problems and domains, empirical, experimental, and methodological studies will also appear from time to time. The problems posed by metaphor and analogy are among the most challenging that confront the field of knowledge representation. In this study, Eileen Way has drawn upon the combined resources of philosophy, psychology, and computer science in developing a systematic and illuminating theoretical framework for understanding metaphors and analogies. While her work provides solutions to difficult problems of knowledge representation, it goes much further by investigating some of the most important philosophical assumptions that prevail within artificial intelligence today. By exposing the limitations inherent in the assumption that languages are both literal and truth-functional, she has advanced our grasp of the nature of language itself. J.R.F.
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  • 30
    ISBN: 9789401135061
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xii, 349 p) , ill
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Computer science ; Social sciences ; User interfaces (Computer systems). ; Human-computer interaction.
    Abstract: Riding a Tiger, or Computer Supported Cooperative Work -- Personalisable Groupware: Accommodating Individual Roles and Group Differences -- Office Systems Development and Gender: Implications for Computer-Supported Co-operative Work -- CSCW and Distributed Systems: The Problem of Control -- Collaborative Activity and Technological Design: Task Coordination in London Underground Control Rooms -- The Group Facilitator: A CSCW Perspective -- Idea Management in a Shared Drawing Tool -- Panel: Formalization in CSCW -- Experiences with the DOMINO Office Procedure System -- Distributed Computing and Organisational Change Enable Concurrent Engineering -- An Analysis of Design and Collaboration in a Distributed Environment -- ClearFace: Translucent Multiuser Interface for TeamWorkStation -- PEPYS: Generating Autobiographies by Automatic Tracking -- Panel: Organizational Memory -- Boosting Connectivity in a Student Generated Collaborative Database -- A Model for Real-Time Co-operation -- Questioning Representations -- Speech Acts or Communicative Action? -- The Concept of Activity as a Basic Unit of Analysis for CSCW Research -- Being Selectively Aware with the Khronika System -- Participation Frameworks for Computer Mediated Communication -- Sound Support for Collaboration -- CSCW: Discipline or Paradigm? A Sociological Perspective -- Small Workshop Abstracts -- ECSCW’91 Directory: Authors & Committee Members.
    Description / Table of Contents: Riding a Tiger, or Computer Supported Cooperative WorkPersonalisable Groupware: Accommodating Individual Roles and Group Differences -- Office Systems Development and Gender: Implications for Computer-Supported Co-operative Work -- CSCW and Distributed Systems: The Problem of Control -- Collaborative Activity and Technological Design: Task Coordination in London Underground Control Rooms -- The Group Facilitator: A CSCW Perspective -- Idea Management in a Shared Drawing Tool -- Panel: Formalization in CSCW -- Experiences with the DOMINO Office Procedure System -- Distributed Computing and Organisational Change Enable Concurrent Engineering -- An Analysis of Design and Collaboration in a Distributed Environment -- ClearFace: Translucent Multiuser Interface for TeamWorkStation -- PEPYS: Generating Autobiographies by Automatic Tracking -- Panel: Organizational Memory -- Boosting Connectivity in a Student Generated Collaborative Database -- A Model for Real-Time Co-operation -- Questioning Representations -- Speech Acts or Communicative Action? -- The Concept of Activity as a Basic Unit of Analysis for CSCW Research -- Being Selectively Aware with the Khronika System -- Participation Frameworks for Computer Mediated Communication -- Sound Support for Collaboration -- CSCW: Discipline or Paradigm? A Sociological Perspective -- Small Workshop Abstracts -- ECSCW’91 Directory: Authors & Committee Members.
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401135245
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 473 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Cognitive Systems 9
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy of mind ; Artificial intelligence ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: I. Overview -- Connectionism and the Philosophy of Mind: An Overview -- II. Connectionism vs. Classical Cognitive Science -- Connectionism, Computation, and Cognition -- Connectionism and the Notion of Levels -- Representation and Rule-Instantiation in Connectionist Systems -- What Connectionists Cannot Do: The Threat to Classical AI -- III. Connectionism and Conditioning -- Connectionism in Pavlovian Harness -- Connectionism and Conditioning -- IV. Does Cognition Require Syntactically Structured Representations? -- Systematicity, Structured Representations and Cognitive Architecture: A Reply to Fodor and Pylyshyn -- An Explanatory Budget for Connectionism and Eliminativism -- Settling into a New Paradigm -- Putting a Price on Cognition -- V. Can Connectionism Provide Syntactically Structured Representations? -- The Constituent Structure of Connectionist Mental States: A Reply to Fodor and Pylyshyn -- Representation in Pictorialism and Connectionism -- Connectionism and the Problem of Systematicity: Why Smolensky’s Solution Doesn’t Work -- Classical Questions, Radical Answers: Connectionism and the Structure of Mental Representations -- Connectionism versus Symbolism in High-Level Cognition -- VI. Connectionism and Philosophy -- Connectionism and the Specter of Representationalism -- Is Perception Cognitively Mediated -- Leaping to Conclusions: Connectionism, Consciousness, and the Computational Mind -- Name Index.
    Abstract: This series will include monographs and collections of studies devoted to the investigation and exploration of knowledge, information and data­ processing systems of all kinds, no matter whether human, (other) animal, or machine. Its scope is intended to span the full range of interests from classical problems in the philosophy of mind and philosophical psychology through issues in cognitive psychology and sociobiology (concerning the mental capabilities of other species) to ideas related to artificial intelligence and to computer science. While primary emphasis will be placed upon theoretical, conceptual and epistemological aspects of these problems and domains, empirical, experimental and methodological studies will also appear from time to time. One of the most, if not the most, exciting developments within cognitive science has been the emergence of connectionism as an alternative to the computational conception of the mind that tends to dominate the discipline. In this volume, John Tienson and Terence Horgan have brought together a fine collection of stimulating studies on connectionism and its significance. As the Introduction explains, the most pressing questions concern whether or not connectionism can provide a new conception of the nature of mentality. By focusing on the similarities and differences between connectionism and other approaches to cognitive science, the chapters of this book supply valuable resources that advance our understanding of these difficult issues. J.H.F.
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