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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Future of Food : Building Stronger Food Systems in Fragility, Conflict, and Violence Settings (2021)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other papers
    Schlagwort(e): Agribusiness ; Agriculture ; Conflict and Development ; Food Security ; Inequality ; Poverty Reduction ; Social Conflict and Violence ; Social Development
    Kurzfassung: Achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals is impossible without addressing fragility, conflict, and violence (FCV), especially as two thirds of the extreme poor are projected to live in such situations by 2030. Conflicts as well as climatic and natural hazards displace millions of people each year. Strengthening food systems can be an essential lever of change that contributes to ending poverty while maintaining and restoring peace. This paper focuses on how stabilizing and improving food systems can have a positive impact in FCVs settings, not just by preventing hunger, but by creating employment and increasing shared prosperity, which may contribute to greater peace. It reflects the four pillars of the World Bank Group Strategy for Fragility, Conflict, and Violence 2020-2025 - promote prevention, remain engaged in crisis situations and conflict, help countries transition out of fragility, and mitigate spillover impacts. To strengthen food systems across the spectrum of FCV settings, the paper highlights four key areas of focus for practitioners: (i) strengthening governance and institutional capacity by supporting food programs such as those that focus on the welfare of the entire population, rather than just a fraction of it; (ii) preventing and responding to food crises to avoid not only hunger, but also people sliding deeper into poverty; (iii) growing the private sector through agribusiness development, inclusive jobs in agricultural value chains, particularly for women and youth, and rural livelihoods to break the cycle of intergenerational poverty common in FCV settings; and (iv) reducing conflict risk and environmental fragility through resilient and sustainable resource management in ways that help build government legitimacy. This paper is rich in practical and tested examples across FCV settings from around the world and makes a strong case for providing development support and assistance in these challenging environments. By setting food systems up for success, governments can invest in the essential foundations of peace and prosperity
    DOI: 10.1596/36497
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Labor Markets in Rural and Urban Haiti : Based on the First Household Survey for Haiti (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (29 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Verner, Dorte Labor Markets in Rural and Urban Haiti
    Schlagwort(e): Agricultural development ; Farm size ; Food security ; Household Survey ; Income ; Income poverty ; Irrigation ; Nutrition ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural ; Rural Development ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Agricultural development ; Farm size ; Food security ; Household Survey ; Income ; Income poverty ; Irrigation ; Nutrition ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural ; Rural Development ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Agricultural development ; Farm size ; Food security ; Household Survey ; Income ; Income poverty ; Irrigation ; Nutrition ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural ; Rural Development ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction
    Kurzfassung: This paper addresses labor markets in Haiti, including farm and nonfarm employment and income generation. The analyses are based on the first Living Conditions Survey of 7,186 households covering the whole country and representative at the regional level. The findings suggest that four key determinants of employment and productivity in nonfarm activities are education, gender, location, and migration status. This is emphasized when nonfarm activities are divided into low-return and high-return activities. The wage and producer income analyses reveal that education is key to earning higher wages and incomes. Moreover, producer incomes increase with farm size, land title, and access to tools, electricity, roads, irrigation, and other farm inputs
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Making Poor Haitians Count : Poverty in Rural and Urban Haiti Based on the First Household Survey for Haiti (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (56 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Verner, Dorte Making Poor Haitians Count
    Schlagwort(e): Absolute poverty ; Agricultural development ; Extreme poverty ; Extreme poverty line ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Survey ; Poor ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural ; Rural Development ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Rural area ; Rural areas ; Absolute poverty ; Agricultural development ; Extreme poverty ; Extreme poverty line ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Survey ; Poor ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural ; Rural Development ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Rural area ; Rural areas ; Absolute poverty ; Agricultural development ; Extreme poverty ; Extreme poverty line ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Survey ; Poor ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural ; Rural Development ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Rural area ; Rural areas
    Kurzfassung: This paper analyzes poverty in Haiti based on the first Living Conditions Survey of 7,186 households covering the whole country and representative at the regional level. Using a USD1 a day extreme poverty line, the analysis reveals that 49 percent of Haitian households live in absolute poverty. Twenty, 56, and 58 percent of households in metropolitan, urban, and rural areas, respectively, are poor. At the regional level, poverty is especially extensive in the northeastern and northwestern regions. Access to assets such as education and infrastructure services is highly unequal and strongly correlated with poverty. Moreover, children in indigent households attain less education than children in nonpoor households. Controlling for individual and household characteristics, location, and region, living in a rural area does not by itself affect the probability of being poor. But in rural areas female headed households are more likely to experience poverty than male headed households. Domestic migration and education are both key factors that reduce the likelihood of falling into poverty. Employment is essential to improve livelihoods and both the farm and nonfarm sector play a key role
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Rural Poor In Rich Rural Areas : Poverty In Rural Argentina (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (53 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Verner, Dorte Rural Poor In Rich Rural Areas
    Schlagwort(e): Access To Markets ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Heads ; Household Surveys ; Income ; Income Poverty ; Poor Households ; Population Policies ; Poverty ; Poverty Analysis ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural ; Rural Areas ; Rural Development ; Rural People ; Rural Poor ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Access To Markets ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Heads ; Household Surveys ; Income ; Income Poverty ; Poor Households ; Population Policies ; Poverty ; Poverty Analysis ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural ; Rural Areas ; Rural Development ; Rural People ; Rural Poor ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Access To Markets ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Heads ; Household Surveys ; Income ; Income Poverty ; Poor Households ; Population Policies ; Poverty ; Poverty Analysis ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural ; Rural Areas ; Rural Development ; Rural People ; Rural Poor ; Rural Poverty Reduction
    Kurzfassung: Rural poverty remains a crucial part of the poverty picture in Argentina. This paper used a rural dataset collected by the World Bank in 2003. Findings show that extreme income poverty in rural areas reached 39 percent of the people or 200,000-250,000 indigent families. These families tend to: be large, and young, and to escape from poverty as they mature and children leave the household (life cycle); live largely in dispersed areas where basic service provision is often weak and delivery is difficult (in particular school attendance beyond 11 years of age falls off very rapidly compared with grouped rural or urban areas); and be more likely to be small landholders than landless laborers. The structure of poverty in rural Argentina shows that larger households are poorer than smaller households, female-headed households are poorer than male-headed households, young households/household heads are poorer than older households/household heads, the poor tend to work more in the informal sector, and a greater share of those engaged in agriculture are poor. However, poverty is by no means strictly an agricultural problem. Furthermore, the deepest poverty is among the poorly educated and young household heads with children. Without interventions to improve their opportunities and assets, their plight is likely to worsen
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Online-Ressource
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Labor Markets And Income Generation In Rural Argentina (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (35 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Verner, Dorte Labor Markets And Income Generation In Rural Argentina
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Size ; Income ; Income Distribution ; Irrigation ; Labor Markets ; Labor Policies ; Land Size ; Nonfarm Income ; Poor ; Poor People ; Population Policies ; Poverty ; Poverty Analysis ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural ; Rural Analysis ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Social Protections and Labor ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Size ; Income ; Income Distribution ; Irrigation ; Labor Markets ; Labor Policies ; Land Size ; Nonfarm Income ; Poor ; Poor People ; Population Policies ; Poverty ; Poverty Analysis ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural ; Rural Analysis ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Social Protections and Labor ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Size ; Income ; Income Distribution ; Irrigation ; Labor Markets ; Labor Policies ; Land Size ; Nonfarm Income ; Poor ; Poor People ; Population Policies ; Poverty ; Poverty Analysis ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural ; Rural Analysis ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Social Protections and Labor
    Kurzfassung: This paper addresses three areas of the rural labor market-employment, labor wages, and agriculture producer incomes. Findings show that the poor allocate a lower share of their labor to farm sectors than the nonpoor do, but still around 70 percent work in agriculture, and the vast majority of rural workers are engaged in the informal sector. When examining nonfarm employment in rural Argentina, findings suggest that key determinants of access to employment and productivity in nonfarm activities are education, skills, land access, location, and gender. Employment analyses show that women have higher probability than men to participate in rural nonfarm activities and they are not confined to low-return employment. Moreover, workers living in poorer regions with land access are less likely to be employed in the nonfarm sector. There is strong evidence that educated people have better prospects in both the farm and nonfarm sectors, and that education is an important determinant of employment in the better-paid nonfarm activities. Labor wage analyses reveal that labor markets pay lower returns to poorer than to richer women and returns to education are increasing with increased level of completed education and income level. And nonfarm income and employment are highly correlated with gender, skills, household size, and education. This analysis also shows a rather heterogeneous impact pattern of individual characteristics across the income distribution, but education is important for all levels of income. Agricultural producer income analyses reveal that producers' income monotonically increases with land size and with completed education level, and positively correlates with road access and use of electricity, fertilizer, and irrigation. Finally, farms operated by women are slightly more productive than farms operated by men
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Poverty in Rural and Semi-Urban Mexico During 1992-2002 (2005)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (42 p.))
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Verner, Dorte Poverty in Rural and Semi-Urban Mexico During 1992-2002
    Schlagwort(e): Agricultural Sector ; Extreme Poverty ; Farmers ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Surveys ; Income ; Income Gap ; Population Policies ; Poverty ; Poverty Alleviation ; Poverty Alleviation Strategy ; Poverty Gap ; Poverty Line ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Agricultural Sector ; Extreme Poverty ; Farmers ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Surveys ; Income ; Income Gap ; Population Policies ; Poverty ; Poverty Alleviation ; Poverty Alleviation Strategy ; Poverty Gap ; Poverty Line ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Agricultural Sector ; Extreme Poverty ; Farmers ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Surveys ; Income ; Income Gap ; Population Policies ; Poverty ; Poverty Alleviation ; Poverty Alleviation Strategy ; Poverty Gap ; Poverty Line ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction
    Kurzfassung: This paper analyzes poverty in rural and semi-urban areas of Mexico (localities with less than 2,500 and 15,000 inhabitants, respectively) and it provides guidance on a social agenda and poverty alleviation strategy for rural Mexico. The analyses are based on INIGH and ENE datasets for 1992-2002. Monetary extreme poverty affected 42 percent of the rural population in dispersed rural areas and 21 percent in semi-urban areas in 2002, slightly less than one decade earlier. Most of the rural poor live in dispersed rural areas and 13.2 million people live in poverty in rural Mexico with less than 15,000 inhabitants. It is disproportionately a feature of households whose heads main job is in the agricultural sector, as self-employed farmers or rural laborers, and that have at most a primary education. However, the incidence of extreme rural poverty has declined since 1996 but at a slower pace than the decline in urban poverty. Hence, the rural-urban poverty gap increased in recent years and in some places extreme poverty is at least four times higher in rural than urban areas. Moreover, not only is the income gap in urban areas increasing, but also the gap between richer and poorer segments of the population
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
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