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  • Online Resource  (20)
  • Rodrigo, Luis  (20)
  • [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : IntechOpen  (20)
  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Diverticular Bowel Disease : Diagnosis and Treatment (2024)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : IntechOpen
    Details
    ISBN: 9780854662029 , 9780854662043 , 9780854662036
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (88 p.)
    Keywords: Gastroenterology ; Choledocholithiasis ; Diverticulectomy ; Duodenal Diverticulitis ; Colonic Diverticulitis ; Esophageal Diverticula ; Diagnostic Procedures ; Clinical Complications ; Perforation ; Diverticulosis ; Microbiota ; Colonic Diverticular Bleeding ; Outpatient Management
    Abstract: Diverticulosis refers to an outpouching of colonic mucosa and submucosa outside of the intestinal lumen. It commonly occurs around the penetrating blood vessels. It can occur in any segment of the bowels; however, the sigmoid colon is the most affected segment. Diverticulosis (the presence of diverticula in the colon) remains asymptomatic in most individuals, but approximately 25% of people with diverticulosis will experience symptomatic diverticulosis, which is referred to as diverticular disease. In the past two decades, diverticular disease has become one of the most commonly diagnosed bowel disorders. It is seen across the globe and its incidence is high, especially in Western countries. It is estimated that in many developed countries around 50% of the population older than 50 years is affected by diverticular disease. It was once believed to be associated with increasing age, however, in recent studies, its prevalence in younger populations has increased. In about 10%–25% of patients with diverticulosis, the disease progresses and leads to diverticulitis. Many theories have been suggested for the different etiologies of diverticular disease, and the most common cause is believed to be a low-fiber diet. It is believed that diets low in fiber are associated with increased intracolonic pressure, which leads to diverticula formation. Diverticular disease can have variable clinical presentations. Most often it presents as abdominal pain or change in bowel habits and rectal bleeding. Its clinical picture can at times mimic inflammatory bowel disease or bowel malignancy. Its common sequelae include diverticulitis, perforation, and peri-colic abscess/phlegmon. The complications of diverticular disease include abscess, fistula, and bowel strictures. Small or localized collections can be managed with intravenous antibiotics and depending on the available resources, intervention radiology can also be used to manage such cases. CT scan is considered a more specific technique for diagnosis. It can also be used for reviewing the patient's progress to treatment, with serial scans over time. It is also used for treating some complications, such as performing percutaneous drainage of abdominal abscesses
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  • 2
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    Celiac Disease and Gluten-Free Diet (2023)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : IntechOpen
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    ISBN: 9781837688715 , 9781837688708 , 9781837688722
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (74 p.)
    Keywords: Immunology
    Abstract: Celiac disease is an autoimmune disease that primarily affects the small intestine, causing chronic inflammation and sometimes villous atrophy. It is related to the ingestion of gluten products and affects genetically susceptible people. This book provides a comprehensive overview of celiac disease, presenting information on its diagnosis and management
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  • 3
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    Hepatitis B (2022)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : IntechOpen
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    ISBN: 9781803550077 , 9781803550060 , 9781803550084
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (126 p.)
    Keywords: Hepatology
    Abstract: Current pharmacologic therapies for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection allow viral suppression and normalization of the liver enzyme alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and prevent liver disease from progressing. The currently available antiviral therapies very rarely lead to a functional cure. Thus, the future of a cure for HBV lies in triple combination therapies with concerted action on replication inhibition, antigen reduction, and immune stimulation. This book reviews the mechanisms and pathogenesis of HBV, as well as discusses current and potential future treatments
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  • 4
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    Immunology of the GI Tract : Recent Advances (2022)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : IntechOpen
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    ISBN: 9781803560878 , 9781803560861 , 9781803560885
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (312 p.)
    Keywords: Gastroenterology
    Abstract: The intestine is the largest digestive organ in the human body and one of the largest organs in contact with the outside world. In addition to digesting food to facilitate the absorption of nutrients, it has a variety of other functions, including the transmission of information and regulation of the metabolism. Due to its unique structure, the intestine is constantly exposed to various antigens and microbes. To protect the body from pathogens, while also maintaining a stable environment, the human intestinal tract has evolved unique regional immune characteristics maintained by the mature intestinal mucosal immune system. This intricate system involves intestinal epithelial cells, and intestinal lymphoid tissue composed of Peyer’s patches, isolated lymphoid follicles, mesenteric lymph nodes, and so on. The congenital and adaptive immune mechanisms created by the unique structure, function, and microenvironment of the intestine differ from those of the central and peripheral immune organs forming the regional immunity of the intestine. Intestinal flora also plays an important role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis, altering the structure and function of the immune system, reshaping the immune microenvironment, and promoting interference with the development of specific diseases. In fact, the immune function of the intestinal region directly affects the development of many intestine-specific diseases. However, the integrity of this function depends on the expression of congenital genes and the regulation of the neuroendocrine system. The microenvironment created by intestinal flora and its products also affects the immunity of the intestinal region. In early life, appropriate intestinal colonization by specific microflora stimulates the maturation of the intestinal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. If the appropriate intestinal flora fails to form during this life stage, the function of the intestinal immune system becomes impaired, leading to increased incidence and/or morbidity of certain intestinal diseases, including ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, and others
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  • 5
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    Advances in Hepatology (2021)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : IntechOpen
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    ISBN: 9781839686245 , 9781839686238 , 9781839686252
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (258 p.)
    Keywords: Hepatology
    Abstract: This book discusses clinical advances in hepatology, with a focus on metabolic diseases and chronic hepatitis C. The development of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in 2010 has completely transformed the management of this disease. This transformative nature of DAA therapy underpins the goal of the World Health Organization (WHO) to eliminate HCV infection as a public health threat by 2030. The advantages of using these therapies include high efficacy (sustained virological response rate 〉95%) with minimal side effects, good tolerability, easy drug administration (once-daily oral dosing) and short duration of treatment (8-12 weeks). The commercialization of second-generation DAA agents due to their high effectiveness, few side-effects and pangenotypic action. This transformative nature of DAA therapy underpins the goal of the WHO to eliminate HCV infection as a public health threat by 2030
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  • 6
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    Osteoporosis : Recent Advances, New Perspectives and Applications (2021)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : IntechOpen
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    ISBN: 9781839692376 , 9781839692369 , 9781839692383
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (98 p.)
    Keywords: Chiropractic & osteopathy
    Abstract: Osteoporosis is a significant social health problem, not only in terms of pain and disability but also in terms of mortality rate. Osteoporosis affects approximately 200 million people worldwide, with nearly 9 million fractures occurring annually.This book provides an overview of osteoporosis, addressing different aspects of the disease and related conditions. It includes five chapters that cover such topics as glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, the relationship between osteoporosis and diet, osteoporosis in the dento-maxillofacial complex, and more
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  • 7
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    E. Coli Infections : Importance of Early Diagnosis and Efficient Treatment (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : IntechOpen
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    ISBN: 9781839625244 , 9781839625237 , 9781839625251
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (234 p.)
    Keywords: Infectious & contagious diseases
    Abstract: Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria are the most numerous commensal aerobic germs located in the human colon. Diarrhea caused by E. coli pathogenic strains is a major cause of death in developing countries, especially the sub-Saharan and South Asian areas. Some strains cause diarrhea, and all of them may produce an infectious disease. This book includes ten chapters covering the main aspects of infections related to E. coli, their pathogenic mechanisms, treatments, and resistance to diverse antibiotics
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  • 8
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    Hepatitis B and C (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : IntechOpen
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    ISBN: 9781789239485 , 9781789239478 , 9781838803735
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (112 p.)
    Series Statement: Infectious Diseases 5
    Keywords: Endocrinology
    Abstract: This book on Hepatitis B and C contains very useful and recent information about the general characteristics of these common types of chronic liver infections. Referred to as Hepatitis B, there are three chapters describing the main epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic, and prognosis aspects. The molecular variants for HBsAg, its genotyping, and their clinical implications are fully analyzed. The implications of coinfection Hepatitis B and C in HIV patients and their treatment are described. In relation to Hepatitis C, there are three chapters describing the general characteristics of this chronic viral infection. The challenges and strategies for access to treatment of Hepatitis C in Latin America are fully covered and these can be applied in other countries with similar epidemiological and financial problems for access to treatment on a large scale. The role of direct-acting antivirals (DAA) in the treatment of chronic Hepatitis C infection with liver cirrhosis is clearly documented
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  • 9
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    Liver Disease and Surgery (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : IntechOpen
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    ISBN: 9781789850666 , 9781789850659 , 9781838802738
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (248 p.)
    Keywords: Surgery
    Abstract: The goal of this book is to present a review of the different categories of liver disease, as well as address the role of surgery in managing these complex diseases. The book includes chapters written by international experts on the most current indications and guidelines regarding the diagnoses and management of liver diseases, as well as a variety of technical elements involved with the surgical procedures. Different surgical techniques involved in performing a hepatectomy will be discussed, including various instruments used, as well as the effect of modern technology as evidenced by novel procedures. An important focus of the book has been identifying the proper place of all these hepatectomy methods in the armamentarium of the experienced hepatobiliary surgeon, including the role of locoregional treatments such as ablation and embolization as adjuncts. Finally, the role of hepatectomy compared to orthotopic liver transplantation is discussed, so that the reader can have a well-rounded picture of the challenges and opportunities involved. Overall, this book has the potential to serve as an invaluable "tool" for both the hepatologist and the internist, as well as for the hepatic surgeon
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  • 10
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    Bile Duct Cancer (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : IntechOpen
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    ISBN: 9781789238761 , 9781789238754 , 9781839622151
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (112 p.)
    Keywords: Oncology
    Abstract: Cholangiocarcinoma is a type of malignant tumor that affects the biliary system. It can arise anywhere in the bile ducts, manifesting itself as obstructive jaundice. It has an annual incidence of 1-2 cases per 100,000 people. One variety of the disease, the Klatskin tumor, occurs in the hepatic hilum and is characterized by poor prognosis. Generally, cholangiocarcinomas are slow-growing tumors with late metastases. Localized tumors are treated surgically, but intervention is discouraged when they are extensive. The disease affects both sexes, but most cases occur in patients aged over 60 years. Primary sclerosing cholangitis, chronic biliary infection, and choledochal cysts are associated with an increased risk of cholangiocarcinoma
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  • 11
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    Iron Deficiency Anemia (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : IntechOpen
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    ISBN: 9781789854442 , 9781789854435 , 9781838806422
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Keywords: Haematology
    Abstract: Iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) are prevalent conditions all over the world. The groups at highest risk are children, pre-menopausal women and socially disadvantaged people. Diagnose of ID using a full blood examination and iron studies can be difficulted by concomitant inflammation. Management of ID involves identification and treatment of its cause, as well as effective iron replacement. Patients who fail to respond to iron replacement will performed an endoscopy to exclude internal bleeding. Both enteral and parenteral iron are effective at replacing iron. For adult patients, we recommend trialling daily oral iron (30-100 mg of iron) as the first-line therapy. Patients who fail to respond to oral iron replacement can be safely managed with intravenous iron
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  • 12
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    Celiac Disease : From the Bench to the Clinic (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : IntechOpen
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    ISBN: 9781789850505 , 9781789850499 , 9781838817589
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p.)
    Keywords: Immunology
    Abstract: Celiac disease (CD) occurs in about 1% of people worldwide. Diagnosis rates are increasing due to a true rise in incidence, rather than increased awareness and detection. CD affects genetically susceptible individuals who are triggered by the ingestion of gluten. The disease has many clinical manifestations, ranging from severe to minimally symptomatic or non-symptomatic presentations. Diagnosis requires the presence of duodenal chronic inflammation, and most patients have circulating antibodies against tissue transglutaminase. Our understanding of the basic and clinical aspects of CD increases, which is as a major health problem of almost global occurrence. Case finding, distinguishing CD from other gluten-sensitive conditions, better care, and balanced use of resources are the current challenges
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  • 13
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    Liver Research and Clinical Management (2018)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : IntechOpen
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    ISBN: 9781789230918 , 9781789230901 , 9781838814724
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (248 p.)
    Keywords: Hepatology
    Abstract: Hepatology is the medical specialty that studies the normal functioning of the liver and its diseases. It has experienced a steady progress in recent decades, as well as occurred in other medical specialties. It deals with the acute and chronic inflammatory processes of the liver, among which is the viral hepatitis. Recently, very effective drugs have been introduced in this field that achieves the elimination of the hepatitis C virus in the great majority of patients. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis has increased markedly worldwide especially in Western countries in relation to overweight, diabetes, and other metabolic conditions. Cirrhosis and its complications are better managed, and patients live longer, thanks also to the earlier detection of hepatocarcinoma and the generalization of the use of liver transplants. This book deals with all of these interesting topics, thanks to the excellent collaboration of a great group of specialists that have collaborated with their knowledge and expertise in this edition
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  • 14
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    Advances in Pancreatic Cancer (2018)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : IntechOpen
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    ISBN: 9781789236415 , 9781789236408 , 9781838816834
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Keywords: Oncology
    Abstract: Pancreatic cancer is a growing source of cancer-related death and has poor survival rates, which have not improved in the last few decades. Its high-mortality rate is attributed to pancreatic cancer biology, difficulty in early diagnosis, and lack of standardized international guidelines in assessing the pancreatic masses. This book aims to provide an update in the current state of play in pancreatic cancer diagnosis and to evaluate the benefits and limitations of the available diagnostic technology and therapy. The main modalities for diagnosis are imaging with HCT, MRI, USE, and PET. Some chapters review the improvements in the techniques used. Timely and accurate diagnosis of pancreatic cancer can lead to improve in the current poor outcome of this disease
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  • 15
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    Ascites : Physiopathology, Treatment, Complications and Prognosis (2017)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : IntechOpen
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    ISBN: 9789535136149 , 9789535136132 , 9789535145998
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (174 p.)
    Keywords: Hepatology
    Abstract: The term "ascites" is from the Greek word askites meaning "baglike." Although most commonly due to cirrhosis, severe liver disease or metastatic cancer, its presence can be a sign of other significant medical problems, such as Budd-Chiari syndrome. Diagnosis of the cause is usually done with blood tests, an ultrasound scan of the abdomen, and direct removal of the fluid by a needle or paracentesis (which may also be therapeutic). Treatment using medications (diuretics), external drainage, or other treatments is clearly defined. In this book, the authors describe the physiopathology of the diverse causes of ascites,the types of treatments recommended, the recent advances achieved, the complications and the prognosis of the different clinical situations that doctors must face
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  • 16
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    Celiac Disease and Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity (2017)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : IntechOpen
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    ISBN: 9789535131786 , 9789535131779 , 9789535147992
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Keywords: Hepatology
    Abstract: This book contains recent advances about CD and NCGS written in eight chapters and is divided in three sections. In the first section, the main hallmarks of both diseases are described, together with the current diagnostic criteria of CD and its influence on the response to the vaccination against hepatitis B virus infection. The second section is dedicated to the description of several techniques for gluten determination in foods and if its consumption is good for nonceliac people. Finally, the third section contains complementary information related to the description and application of novel endoscopic techniques for confirming the diagnosis of CD. Another topic describes the growing consumption of gluten-free products and the adherence to this type of diet
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  • 17
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    Human Helminthiasis (2017)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : IntechOpen
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    ISBN: 9789535129547 , 9789535129530 , 9789535173403
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (158 p.)
    Keywords: Infectious & contagious diseases
    Abstract: Human helminthiasis, known as worm infections, is any macroparasitic disease affecting humans, in which a part of the body is invaded by a lot of worms, known as helminths. They are broadly classified into flukes, tapeworms, and roundworms. Soil-transmitted helminthiasis and schistosomiasis are the most important, being included into the neglected tropical diseases. Helminthiasis has been found to result in poor birth outcome, less cognitive development, lower school and work performance, lower socioeconomic development, and poverty. Soil-transmitted helminthiases are responsible for parasitic infections in as much as a quarter of the human population worldwide. This group of infective diseases has been targeted under the joint action of the world's leading pharmaceutical companies and local governments, trying to achieve their eradication
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  • 18
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    Colorectal Cancer : From Pathogenesis to Treatment (2016)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : IntechOpen
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    ISBN: 9789535125457 , 9789535125440 , 9789535141846
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (440 p.)
    Keywords: Gastrointestinal & colorectal surgery
    Abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major health problem because it represents around 10% of all cancers and achieves a worldwide estimate of 1.4 million newly diagnosed cases annually, resulting in approximately 700,000 deaths. Approximately 19-31% of patients present liver metastases. At diagnosis, a further 23-38% will develop extra-hepatic disease. Over the past decade, the widespread use of modern chemotherapeutic and biological agents, combined with laparoscopic surgical techniques, has improved the prognosis of metastatic CRC. A better understanding of the biology of the tumor, along with high efficiency of diagnostic and therapeutic methods, as well as the spread of screening programs, will improve the survival of the CRC patients in the near future
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  • 19
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    Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis (2015)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : IntechOpen
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    ISBN: 9789535120261 , 9789535172321
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (234 p.)
    Keywords: Endocrinology
    Abstract: The inflammatory procceses of pancreatic gland can be acute and chronic. Acute pancreatitis constitutes the majority of cases requiring hospital admission in gastroenterology. We are yet to discover many things about its pathophysiology, which is a certain drawback for the progress in its treatment. Prediction of severity is necessary for the management plan. However, our progress in the field was significant in the recent decade and a leap forward is expected in this cumbersome condition which has many unmet needs. Chronic pancreatitis is a progressive inflammatory disease characterized by debilitating pain and pancreatic insufficiency. Although medical treatment and endoscopic interventions are primarily offered to patients with chronic pancreatitis, approximately around 50% will ultimately require palliative surgery
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  • 20
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    Acute Pancreatitis (2012)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : IntechOpen
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    ISBN: 9789533079844 , 9789535167792
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (302 p.)
    Keywords: Endocrinology
    Abstract: Acute Pancreatitis (AP) in approximately 80% of cases, occurs as a secondary complication related to gallstone disease and alcohol misuse. However there are several other different causes that produce it such as metabolism, genetics, autoimmunity, post-ERCP, and trauma for example... This disease is commonly associated with the sudden onset of upper abdominal pain that is usually severe enough to warrant the patient seeking urgent medical attention. Overall, 10-25% of AP episodes are classified as severe. This leads to an associated mortality rate of 7-30% that has not changed in recent years. Treatment is conservative and generally performed by experienced teams often in ICUs. Although most cases of acute pancreatitis are uncomplicated and resolve spontaneously, the presence of complications has a significant prognostic importance. Necrosis, hemorrhage, and infection convey up to 25%, 50%, and 80% mortality, respectively. Other complications such as pseudocyst formation, pseudo-aneurysm formation, or venous thrombosis, increase morbidity and mortality to a lesser degree. The presence of pancreatic infection must be avoided
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