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  • International Finance Corporation  (231)
  • Washington, D.C : The World Bank  (231)
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  • 1
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (526 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Agribusiness ; Agricultural Finance ; Agriculture ; Climate-Smart Agriculture ; Farmer Cooperatives ; Farmer Cooperatives Training ; Gender and Agriculture ; ICT4Ag ; Smallholder Agriculture ; Smallholder Farmers ; Smallholder Supply Chains ; Smallholders
    Abstract: Smallholder farmers are the stewards of more than 80 percent of the world's farms. These small family businesses produce about one-third of the world's food. In Africa and Asia, smallholders dominate the production of food crops, as well as export commodities such as cocoa, coffee, and cotton. However, smallholders and farm workers remain among the poorest segments of the population, and they are on the frontline of climate change. Smallholder farmers face constraints in accessing inputs, finance, knowledge, technology, labor, and markets. Raising farm-level productivity in a sustainable way is a key development priority. Agribusinesses are increasingly working with smallholder farmers in low- and middle-income countries to secure agricultural commodities. More productive smallholders boost rural incomes and economic growth, as well as reduce poverty. Smallholders also represent a growing underserved market for farm inputs, information, and financial services. Working with Smallholders: A Handbook for Firms Building Sustainable Supply Chains (third edition) shows agribusinesses how to engage more effectively with smallholders and to develop sustainable, resilient, and productive supply chains. The book compiles practical solutions and cutting-edge ideas to overcome the challenges facing smallholders. This third edition is substantially revised from the second edition and incorporates new material on the potential for digital technologies and sustainable farming. This handbook is written principally to outline opportunities for the private sector. The content may also be useful to the staffs of governmental or nongovernmental development programs working with smallholders, as well as to academic and research institutions
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: 2201
    Keywords: Access To Finance ; Adaptation To Climate Change ; Carbon Emission Reduction ; City Development Strategies ; Climate Change Adaptation ; Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases ; Construction Materials ; Decarbonization ; Developing Countries ; Emerging Markets ; Environment ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Sustainable Construction ; Urban Development
    Abstract: How developing countries meet their rising building needs will be pivotal to the world's climate future. The good news is that the projected emissions growth in construction value chains can be reduced significantly with the application of existing technologies, new financing instruments, and the implementation of appropriate policies. Even as emerging economies meet the rising demand for residential and commercial buildings, it is possible to reduce total emissions from the sector below today's level by 2035. To avoid perpetuating the status quo, decisive action is needed by policy makers, developers, construction material producers, financiers, and international development institutions. IFC is launching this report to guide international efforts to decarbonize construction value chains. Building Green: Sustainable Construction in Emerging Markets was prepared through close collaboration between IFC economists, investment officers, and building and constructionsector specialists. The report provides a comprehensive analysis of the challenges of reducing carbon emissions from construction value chains in developing countries, but also the considerable opportunities that willcome from mobilizing the estimated USD 1.5 trillion of investment required for this transition
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: 2128
    Keywords: Energy Access ; Environment ; Finance and Development ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Innovation ; Public-Private Partnerships ; Science and Technology Development ; Technology ; Trade Finance
    Abstract: IFC, a member of the World Bank Group, is the largest global development institution focused on the private sector in emerging markets and developing economies. We work in more than 100 countries, using our capital, mobilization capacity, expertise, and influence to create jobs and raise living standards, especially for the poor and vulnerable. In fiscal year 2023, IFC committed a record 43.7 billion dollars to private companies and financial institutions in developing countries, leveraging the power of the private sector to improve people's lives as economies grapple with the impacts of global compounding crises
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: 2128
    Keywords: Education Reform and Management ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Data ; Financial Results ; Global Outlook ; IFC ; Information Technology
    Abstract: This Management's Discussion and Analysis (MD and A) discusses the financial results of the International Finance Corporation (IFC or the Corporation) for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 (FY23). The MD and A contains forward looking statements which may be identified by such terms as "anticipates," "believes," "expects," "intends," "plans", "aims" or words of similar meaning. Such statements involve a number of assumptions and estimates that are based on current expectations, which are subject to risks and uncertainties beyond IFC's control. Consequently, actual future results could differ materially from those currently anticipated. IFC undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements. Certain reclassifications of prior years' information have been made to conform with the current year's presentation
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  • 5
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Private Sector Development, Privatization, and Industrial Policy
    Keywords: Agribusiness ; Agriculture ; Energy ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Housing Finance ; Private Investment ; Private Sector ; Private Sector Development ; Private Sector Economics ; Renewable Energy
    Abstract: Since achieving independence in 1990, Namibia's remarkable growth has been fueled by foreign direct investment and enabled by prudent economic management. Since 2016, however, growth has declined steadily and the economy fell into recession, exposing the vulnerability of Namibia's economic growth model to external and climate shocks. These challenges were exacerbated by the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, an economic slowdown in neighboring South Africa, worsening terms of trade on the back of declining global demand and commodity prices, a decline in Southern African Customs Union (SACU) revenues, and the effects of crippling droughts on agricultural and industrial production. Namibia has very high levels of poverty and inequality, which are largely driven by high levels of unemployment. The primary objective of this Country Private Sector Diagnostic (CPSD) is to identify near and medium-term reform opportunities to revitalize the private sector and help reposition Namibia's growth on a green, resilient, and inclusive trajectory. This CPSD explores priority reform opportunities to address five cross-cutting bottlenecks: (1) enhancing the role and performance of the state-owned enterprise (SOE) sector through a more effective competition policy environment; (2) strengthening implementation of the public-private partnership (PPP) framework to expand private investments, especially in infrastructure; (3) leveraging the potential for digital transformation of the economy; (4) addressing inefficiencies in logistics and trade facilitation; and (5) tapping opportunities in the water sector for green and resilient growth. The diagnostic then looks in depth at three sectors prioritized by the Namibian government - renewable energy, climate-smart agribusiness, and housing, and provides recommendations for reducing sector-specific bottlenecks to stimulate growth potential
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Agricultural Study
    Keywords: Access To Finance ; Agricultural Irrigation and Drainage ; Agriculture ; Asset Management ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Structures
    Abstract: The demand for more efficient use of land and water resources to enable farmers to produce food using climate-resilient processes continues to grow in the face of a growing global population and the impacts of climate change and other shocks such as Coronavirus (COVID-19). Although irrigation has been widely promoted as important for productivity and resilience, it has not been sufficiently expanded. Large, well-established irrigation projects developed by public institutions and select private sector projects play an important role in providing access to irrigation, but they are insufficient to meet need. In parallel, farmers have been developing effective small-scale irrigation (SSI) options that include a range of technologies, financing methods, and operating models. International Finance Corporation (IFC) and the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) are global organizations focused on promoting resilient agriculture and food system transformation. This handbook takes a practical approach in guiding its target readers, which comprise policy makers, governments and government agencies, private sector actors, and development institution partners, on how to deliver effective design and operation strategies, combined with financing models, to implement and sustainably expand use of irrigation
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  • 7
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Private Sector Development, Privatization, and Industrial Policy
    Keywords: Beef ; Business Environment ; Forestry ; Private Investment ; Private Sector ; Private Sector Development ; Private Sector Economics ; Rural Development ; Small and Medium Size Enterprises ; Sugar ; Trade Facilitation
    Abstract: Eswatini is facing multiple challenges. It was already experiencing weak economic growth before the COVID-19 pandemic, a reflection of longstanding, deeply rooted issues such as fiscal unsustainability, declining private investment, weakening productivity and competitiveness, and falling export diversification and complexity, compounded by the impact of climate shocks. It shifted from a private investment-led higher-growth model to a government spending-led lower-growth model after the end of apartheid in South Africa. With weak investment in productive sectors, Eswatini's job market failed to keep pace with an expanding, younger labor force, leading to a large informal sector. Eswatini's public sector-driven growth model is unsustainable under current fiscally constrained conditions, and there is a need to reduce and reprioritize public spending. An assessment of existing sectoral data and consultations with Eswatini's private sector and policy makers suggest that four sectors can help drive the export-led private sector growth model. To return to an export-led growth model, Eswatini needs to increase export competitiveness by advancing regulatory reforms and improvements in trade logistics that include regional collaboration to address trade facilitation constraints. Finally, given the country's vulnerability to climate risks, policies to foster economic resilience amid extreme weather events (mainly droughts that affect agriculture) and improve disaster preparedness need to be pursued. The private sector must adapt to this challenge and work with the government to improve climate resilience
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  • 8
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Private Sector Development, Privatization, and Industrial Policy
    Keywords: Agribusiness ; Business Environment ; Emerging Markets ; Innovation ; Private Sector ; Private Sector Development ; Private Sector Economics
    Abstract: Despite a challenging transition period and a string of adverse shocks, in recent decades Albania has made major strides in raising per capita income and integrating into the world economy. A dynamic private sector has become the engine of Albania's economic development, and its increasing role continues to offer opportunities for expanding the country's economic base and promoting faster and more diversified export-oriented growth. Albania is endowed with considerable economic assets, including a strategic geographical position, exceptional natural beauty, and abundant renewable and nonrenewable resources. A politically stable environment, improving governance indicators, and a record of dependable macroeconomic policies have supported the process of European Union (EU) accession, which offers a wide array of opportunities for the development of the Albanian private sector. Because a small domestic labor pool and consumer market limit the potential for economies of scale, sustaining Albania's economic expansion will require intensifying its integration with the global economy. Despite decades of progress, Albania continues to face serious structural and policy challenges. The country's economic expansion has not been matched by commensurate improvements in productivity. In this context, the World Bank Group has prepared the following country private sector diagnostic (CPSD) to assist the authorities in their efforts to leverage Albania's geographic location, natural assets, and improved institutional and policy framework to promote diversification, competitiveness, and robust private-sector-led growth. The analysis highlights the importance of improving the business environment while stepping up investments in technology and innovation. The report explores three critical sectors for accelerating and diversifying growth: agribusiness and food processing, tourism, and automotive manufacturing
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  • 9
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Private Sector Development, Privatization, and Industrial Policy
    Keywords: Business in Development ; Gender ; Gender and Economic Policy ; Governance ; Private Sector Development ; Private Sector Economics ; Unemployment
    Abstract: Honduras has significant investment potential, with ample productive resources, a solid industrial base, a market-oriented reform agenda, a strategic location with access to many international markets, and a growing labor force. The country's young and growing population is yielding a demographic dividend, which presents new opportunities for economic growth and diversification, especially in the service sectors such as business-process outsourcing (BPO) and in development of digital financial services (DFS). Honduras's rich endowment of resources and improving business climate have attracted rising levels of private investment, and the country achieved the second highest tradeto-GDP ratio in the Latin America and the Caribbean region prior to COVID-19 crisis. However, large-scale investment and trade have yet to generate rapid economic growth and robust poverty reduction. The public and private sectors will both play vital roles in Honduras's economic recovery. Ongoing targeted support will be necessary to address the health and humanitarian consequences of the pandemic, mitigate the resulting increase in poverty and inequality, and support the resumption of economic activity. This Country Private Sector Diagnostic (CPSD) is designed to help guide Honduras's private sector development agenda in this challenging and rapidly evolving context
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  • 10
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Energy Study
    Keywords: Energy ; Energy Consumption ; Energy Demand ; Energy Finance ; Energy Markets ; Energy Sector
    Abstract: Kakuma as a marketplace, a 2018 consumer and market study of Kakuma refugee camp in northwest Kenya, estimates that Kakuma camp and its hosting community have 2,100 refugee-owned businesses and are worth 56 million dollars based on household consumption. This study provides information for businesses in the energy sector to help them assess opportunities for providing or expanding energy services in the Kakuma and Kalobeyei areas; it also provides insights to inform International Finance Corporation (IFC) interventions. The study maps the supply of and demand for energy for lighting, cooking, and productive use among households and businesses in the camp and examines the regulatory environment affecting the energy sector
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  • 11
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Private Sector Development, Privatization, and Industrial Policy
    Keywords: Foreign Trade Promotion and Regulation ; Free Trade ; Private Sector Development ; Productivity ; Science and Technology Development ; Trade
    Abstract: Chile has long had a strong private sector that has enjoyed an accommodating and supportive policy environment. The imperative of building a green, knowledge-based, inclusive economy will inevitably continue to rely on the private sector playing a potent role as a partner in development. In an environment constrained by lower growth and productivity, Chileans are demanding access to better opportunities and improved services. The current constitutional process is an opportunity to set the stage for the private sector to be a stronger partner in building a more inclusive society and an innovative, productive, and greener economy. For this to happen, this country private sector diagnostic (CPSD) argues that three avenues will be essential: enhancing productivity, building a knowledge-based economy through more support to innovation, and upgrading skills for greater inclusion and innovation
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  • 12
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Women in Development and Gender Study
    Keywords: Decision Making ; Gender ; Gender and Economics ; Sustainability
    Abstract: This report makes the case for greater gender diversity on Sri Lanka's corporate boards and in senior management by highlighting the value propositions of such diversity for companies, communities, and ultimately the country. Diversity is about more than just gender, ethnicity, or religion. However, this report focuses primarily on promoting gender diversity in the workplace, particularly in the corporate boardroom and among senior management. Empirical evidence from around the world shows the importance and value of gender diversity in improving firms' overall performance, including but not limited to financial performance. Gender diversity among business leaders typically leads to better decision-making processes and better monitoring and strategy involvement. The business case for gender balance at the top goes beyond financial performance. Extensive research shows that having more women in business leadership positions leads to higher environmental, social, and governance standards, with a particularly clear connection when women achieve a critical mass of about 30 percent on company boards. Companies with enhanced environmental, social, and governance standards also perform better on critical metrics: stronger internal controls and management oversight, reduced risk of fraud or other ethical violations, positive workplace environment, greater stakeholder engagement, and improved reputation and brand. Therefore, having a more gender-balanced board and leadership team contributes to stronger environmental, social, and governance performance, which, in turn, leads to better business performance. Ultimately, diversity is about ensuring companies' competitiveness, performance, and long-term sustainability
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Women in Development and Gender Study
    Keywords: Energy ; Gender ; Gender and Economics ; Industry ; Social Aspects of Climate Change ; Social Development
    Abstract: Transitioning to a low-carbon economy is critical to the sustainability of the planet. A recent World Bank report found that increasing demand for clean energy technologies can increase demand for minerals such as graphite, lithium, and cobalt by nearly 500 percent by 2050. Even though the authors expect recycling rates to go up in the future, mining will still be required to supply critical minerals: the shift to a low-carbon future will be mineral-intensive, and mining will remain a critical industry. It is in this context that the World Bank Group established the climate-smart mining initiative (CSM), which is sustained by a partnership between industry and country governments. The initiative supports the sustainable extraction, processing, and recycling of the minerals and metals that are needed for low-carbon technologies. The concept is built upon four pillars: (i) climate mitigation; (ii) climate adaptation; (iii) reducing material impacts; and (iv) creating market opportunities
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  • 14
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Private Sector Development, Privatization, and Industrial Policy
    Keywords: Business Environment ; Climate Change ; Climate Change Economics ; COVID-19 ; Economic Growth ; Energy ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Private Sector Economics ; Water
    Abstract: Diamonds have been at the center of Botswana's growth miracle for decade - but the urgency to diversify is stronger than ever. Although Botswana's economy has undergone transformation over the past decades, the shift has been largely into non-tradable services, with limited gains in employment, income equality, and export diversification. In addition, Botswana's high vulnerability to climate change, which affects all major sectors of the economy, underscores the need to strengthen Botswana's response to climate factors as a basis for renewed, sustainable growth. A positive growth outlook and steps taken as part of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis response should give the government new impetus to accelerate reforms. Success in diversifying the economy will depend on the decisive implementation of structural measures to increase private sector participation in nonmineral exports and transformative sectors. The dominant role that the government of Botswana still plays in large parts of the economy, particularly through its footprint as a shareholder in companies in the corporate sector, is a critical constraint that inhibits the entry and success of private sector participants. Gaps in infrastructure, access to finance, and skills are additional key constraints to employment and productivity growth. A coordinated approach to financing entrepreneurship and policies to increase uptake of digital finance can help close the gap. Trade barriers are another key cross-cutting constraint for the private sector, and a greener path for the economy can be unlocked by facilitating improved trade in environmental goods and services (EGS). Three key recommendations for the energy sector are as follows. The first recommendation is the fast tracking of instruments to facilitate investment in energy infrastructure development, including independent power producer (IPP) licensing, and procurement guidelines and processes. The second recommendation is the enhancement of the institutional capacity and governance model of the Botswana Energy Regulatory Authority (BERA). The third recommendation is the development of credit-enhancement and risk-mitigation strategies and supporting instruments to attract and mobilize private sector investment
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  • 15
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Private Sector Development, Privatization, and Industrial Policy
    Keywords: Adaptation To Climate Change ; Business Environment ; COVID-19 ; Environment ; Private Sector ; Private Sector Development ; Private Sector Economics ; Resilience
    Abstract: This Country Private Sector Diagnostic (CPSD) comes at a challenging yet opportune juncture for Fiji to rebuild a more diverse and resilient economy amid the lingering impacts of COVID-19. Fiji recorded its strongest period of gross domestic product (GDP) growth (since achieving independence in 1970) in the decade leading up to COVID-19, underpinned by rising productivity and investment, improved political stability, and a booming tourism sector. However, the shocks of COVID-19 and a series of natural disasters, Tropical Cyclone (TC) Harold and TC Yasa, have been devastating for Fiji's economy, bringing widespread production disruptions and job losses. The increasing frequency of these weather events has also complicated Fiji's economic development strategy and plans. Fiji's real GDP declined by 15.2 percent in 2020 and is estimated to have contracted a further 4.0 percent in 2021, with the long-term ramifications of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy yet to be fully seen. These shocks have also exacerbated some of Fiji's long-standing structural vulnerabilities, including the economy being vulnerable to repeated climate-related shocks, its lack of sectoral diversification, and sluggish private sector job growth (particularly among youth and women). In this context, the CPSD approach for Fiji to 'build back better' revolves around four key interrelated pillars: (1) unlocking new sectoral sources of growth beyond tourism; (2) strengthening economic and climate resilience; (3) leveraging Fiji's potential as an economic hub in the Pacific region; and (4) creating inclusive employment opportunities
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  • 16
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Private Sector Development, Privatization, and Industrial Policy
    Keywords: Access To Finance ; Agribusiness ; Agriculture ; Business Environment ; COVID-19 ; Emerging Markets ; Energy Sector ; Livestock ; Private Sector ; Private Sector Development ; Private Sector Economics ; Special Economic Zones
    Abstract: Until the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (SARS-CoV2) COVID-19 pandemic and despite the deteriorating security situation, Mali's economic growth averaged five percent since 2014, on par with its long-term potential. Mali's fragile state status has also taken a toll on economic activity and social welfare by reducing access to markets, threatening food security, and degrading human capital indicators. With an increasing debt burden resulting in limited fiscal space to address persistent security risks and to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, the government of Mali is compelled to refocus the role of the state and unleash the potential of the private sector to boost productivity growth, to diversify the economy away from a narrow base, and to ensure inclusive economic and social welfare for all Malians. The growth model will be readdressed around energizing investment, creating resilient markets, and building back better for a more resilient recovery via (a) improving the business environment; (b) crowding-in private participation in the delivery of infrastructure and certain public services; (c) ensuring that remaining state-owned enterprises and private firms compete on equal terms - that is, upholding competitive neutrality principles; (d) expanding public-private partnerships in key sectors, through transparent and competitive procurement; and (e) leveraging digital solutions by further enhancing digital infrastructure that would, in turn, increase the uptake of digital financial services and digital platforms for key sectors of the economy, such as agriculture, and digitize government services (e-government)
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  • 17
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Private Sector Development, Privatization, and Industrial Policy
    Keywords: Agribusiness and Markets ; Business Environment ; Business in Development ; Global Value Chains and Business Clustering ; Private Sector Development ; Rural Development
    Abstract: This Country Private Sector Diagnostic (CPSD) investigates the potential for greater private sector investment to meet some of Uganda's development challenges. At least 600,000 Ugandans enter the labor market every year, making for a workforce that is increasingly younger and urban based. To address the country's simultaneous productivity and job challenge requires a focus on growth in sectors that can leverage demand from abroad, are labor intensive, and low skilled. Three sectors hold promise in this regard: agribusiness, which is important for productivity, employment, and export growth; energy as an enabler of overall productivity; and housing because of its role in fueling growth in the labor-intensive construction sector and alleviating the demographic pressures that rapid urbanization puts on Ugandan cities. Within the agribusiness sector, the CPSD considers three of the most promising value chains-fish, dairy, and maize-and undertakes a more disaggregated assessment of the environment for private investment
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Keywords: Law and Development ; Social Conflict and Violence ; Social Development ; Social Protections and Labor ; Work and Working Conditions
    Abstract: Workplace violence and harassment is pervasive, and it affects all countries, occupations, and work arrangements. This problem comprises a range of unacceptable behaviors that result in, or threaten physical, psychological, sexual, or economic harm, including gender-based violence and harassment. Between 2020 and 2022, the International Finance Corporation (IFC) conducted a study to better understand the prevalence and impact of violence and harassment on employees and businesses in Sri Lanka. This research covered workplace experiences and behaviors, and how these affect employees. The findings presented in this report will be used to develop tools and resources to help companies prevent and address violence and harassment connected with the workplace. The findings demonstrate the importance of employers' measures to address workplace violence and harassment, including through implementing measures that are consistent with International Labour Organization Convention 190 on Violence and Harassment
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  • 19
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Private Sector Development, Privatization, and Industrial Policy
    Keywords: Agribusiness ; Agricultural Sector Economics ; Agriculture ; Covid-19 ; General Manufacturing ; Industry ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Information Technology ; Private Sector Development ; Private Sector Economics
    Abstract: Sri Lanka is a country of paradoxes. With the lowest poverty rates, best social indicators, and highest per capita income in South Asia, Sri Lanka's economic performance since independence had generally been hailed as a success before the current debt crisis. However, past performance occurred amidst many distortions and an economy less open than its peers, largely reflecting the strong involvement of the state in the economy. Even if this interventionist model of economic policy and the presence of many state-owned enterprises (SOEs) served the country well through the years of conflict and their aftermath, it is no longer sustainable. Indeed, after the rapid growth of the peace dividend in the years post-2009, the economy has faltered and progress on social indicators has stagnated. Many of market distortions remain and have been exacerbated by COVID-19. Understanding how, despite these handicaps, Sri Lanka achieved positive economic and social outcomes in the past provides the building blocks of a realistic, forward-looking growth strategy, one of the objectives of this Country Private Sector Diagnostic (CPSD). The research for this report was conducted prior to the current crisis, but the recommendations remain relevant to implementing public policies that will support private sector-led inclusive and sustainable growth
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Keywords: Capital Markets and Capital Flows ; Corporate Social Responsibility ; Environment ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Green Issues ; International Financial Markets ; Mutual Funds ; Non Bank Financial Institutions ; Private Sector Development ; Social Accountability ; Social Development
    Abstract: Impact investing has seen a boost in popularity during the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic due to increased awareness of climate change and social challenges such as unequal access to healthcare and racial and gender inequality. In 2020, the market saw an increasing level of maturity compared to 2019 with more assets being invested with identifiable impact management systems. This report covers impact investments by privately owned funds and institutions, and by publicly owned development finance institutions and development banks. It includes all investments with an intent for impact and identifies a core which have impact management systems to provide a credible contribution to impact and measurement of impact. Intent, contribution and measurement are the key attributes which differentiate impact investing from other forms of sustainable or responsible investing. In total, the report identifies a total of 2.3 trillion Dollars being invested for impact in 2020. This is equivalent to about 2 percent of global AUM. Impact investing remains a small market niche, but one that is attracting growing interest. Additionally, the report shares findings on broader trends relating to investing for impact, including opportunities in publicly traded assets. IFC's report is the most comprehensive assessment so far of the size of the global impact investing market. Findings from the report are based on publicly available information and verifiable data from selected proprietary databases
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  • 21
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Keywords: Business Cycles and Stabilization Policies ; Coronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Disease Control and Prevention ; Emerging Markets ; Gender ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Insurance ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Private Sector Economics ; Trade
    Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which began as a health crisis in early 2020, has rapidly evolved to become an unprecedented economic crisis affecting global, national, and regional economies and billions of individuals around the world. This report analyzes the widespread implications of the crisis on industry sectors, businesses, individuals, families, and communities. It closely examines evidence and data from business sectors and segments of society that may face challenging paths to recovery, including the most vulnerable firms and individuals in emerging markets that are likely to experience continuing hardship and specific difficulties coping with the crisis. And it highlights opportunities for the private sector to respond, to support a vigorous recovery and to build back better. The first section of the report, chapters 1 to 5 addresses issues that cut across sectors, as well as ways the development community can join with the private sector to help impacted communities and sectors recover and rebuild. The second section, chapters 6 to 9 focus on sector-specific responses to the crisis. The final section, chapters 10 to 12 attends to gender inequities, how they have been aggravated by the crisis, and potentially effective remedies
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  • 22
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Financial Sector Study
    Keywords: Business Environment ; Emerging Markets ; Human Migrations and Resettlements ; Private Sector Development ; Private Sector Economics ; Social Development ; Voluntary and Involuntary Resettlement
    Abstract: The International Finance Corporation (IFC) commissioned a consumer and market study to explore economic activities, employment trends, consumption levels, and consumer preferences of refugees and host communities in Uganda's largest refugee-hosting areas in the Southwest and West Nile regions. The study covers a gap in existing research on the economic situations of forced displacement, which is often conducted from a humanitarian perspective and rarely offers the private sector view. The study presents the refugees' economic activities in their distinct roles as consumers, producers, suppliers, and salaried workers from the view of a private sector firm entering the market. It builds on earlier research conducted by the Uganda Investment Authority, in partnership with the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), which produced investment profiles for refugee-hosting districts. The report is divided into eight chapters. Chapter one introduces the study. Chapter two outlines the study methodology. Chapter three provides socioeconomic baseline data, such as educational attainment, employment, and income, comparable by region and population group (refugees versus host communities). Chapter four explores access to telecommunication and financial services. Chapter five analyzes household consumption expenditure, the volume of economic activity, consumer preferences, and access to finance and telecommunication services. Chapter six discusses findings from the business survey. Chapter seven briefly looks at agricultural value chains in the Southwest and West Nile. Chapter eight presents investment opportunities in the refugee-hosting districts for the private sector
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  • 23
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Energy Study
    Keywords: Energy ; Environment ; Environmental Protection ; Hydro Power ; Hydropower ; Law and Development ; Water Resources ; Water Resources Law
    Abstract: IFC has remained financer and development partner in hydropower projects in Pakistan. In this process, IFC has developed a comprehensive approach for developing sustainable hydropower as a cheaper and cleaner energy that benefits the environment as well as the communities in the area. A key part of the approach involves raising environmental and social standards in hydropower development through its advisory engagements. Strategy for Sustainable Hydropower Development in the Jhelum Poonch River Basin (JPRB) is one such IFC initiative implemented through a multistakeholder-engagement process to provide practical guidance for government, developers, and other stakeholders. The proposed strategy presents key lessons learned from hydropower projects in the Jhelum-Poonch River Basin as well as other related basins during construction and operation. It enhances the knowledge base of the Jhelum-Poonch Basin and provides recommendations for hydropower developers and government to implement best practice in their projects. This helps strike a balance between conservation and development by minimizing negative environmental and social impacts from hydropower projects in the basin. The strategy provides recommendations for government and regulators on how to improve policy and regulation to strengthen the hydropower sector. Developers can make good use of this report to strengthen their planning, systems, and business operations
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  • 24
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Private Sector Development, Privatization, and Industrial Policy
    Keywords: Access To Finance ; Agribusiness ; Business Environment ; Emerging Markets ; Human Capital ; Private Sector Development ; Private Sector Economics
    Abstract: The report is organized as follows: the first part gives an overview of recent economic and private sector trends, followed by an in-depth review of the cross-cutting constraints that affect private sector participation. The CPSD recommends putting a special focus on resolving three types of constraints: (a) deep-rooted governance issues (especially as they relate to policy unpredictability, red tape, and the uneven playing field in key sectors of the economy); (b) infrastructure bottlenecks, focusing on transport connectivity and energy; and (c) limited and poorly functioning factor markets for human capital, access to finance, and land. The second part lays out opportunities and policy options to strengthen competitiveness in agribusiness, apparel, and tourism. The three sectors reviewed are deemed to hold a high potential for job creation and growth and have been prioritized by the PEM and by the private sector stakeholders and development partners consulted for the report. The review puts a lens on addressing gender gaps, policies to promote sustainability, and opportunities to increase the impact of information and communication technology (ICT) as an enabler for development, where relevant
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Women in Development and Gender Study
    Keywords: Finance and Development ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Gender ; Gender and Economics
    Abstract: This report makes a case for greater gender diversity on Kazakhstan corporate boards (including the board of directors and management board). Empirical evidence from around the world shows the importance and value of gender diversity in improving firms' overall performance, including but not limited to financial performance. Gender diversity among business leaders typically leads to balanced decision-making processes, better monitoring and strategy involvement, and greater attention to environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues to foster sustainability. This report analyzes the relationship between board gender diversity (defined as having at least 30 percent women on the board of directors) and the financial performance of Kazakhstan joint-stock companies (JSCs). For this purpose, a series of financial and gender indicators were collected from the data of the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Depository of Financial Statements and the Register of State Enterprises and Institutions, Legal Entities with the State Participation in the Authorized Capital of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Central Securities Depository, et cetera In total, the study includes financial and non-financial information from 788 JSCs between 2017-2019
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  • 26
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Investment Climate Assessment
    Keywords: Accommodation and Tourism Industry ; Environment ; Foreign Direct Investment ; Foreign Trade Promotion and Regulation ; Industry ; Land Tenure ; Tourism and Ecotourism
    Abstract: This Guide is designed to provide information that may be of help to potential tourism investors in navigating the process of investing in land for the purpose of tourism development in Solomon Islands
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  • 27
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Private Sector Development, Privatization, and Industrial Policy
    Keywords: Business Environment ; Emerging Markets ; Microenterprises ; Private Sector ; Private Sector Development ; Private Sector Economics ; Sustainability
    Abstract: This country private sector diagnostic (CPSD) for the Kyrgyz Republic assesses the barriers and opportunities for a more forceful development of the private sector in the country. Between 2000 and 2019, gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate averaged 4.4 percent, enabling the Kyrgyz Republic's ascension to lower-middle-income country status by 2014. Economic growth has been unstable as its sources lacked diversity and were vulnerable to external shocks. Economic growth has been unstable as its sources lacked diversity and were vulnerable to external shocks. If the Kyrgyz Republic wants to inaugurate a new era of faster, more sustainable economic growth, it must more aggressively develop its private sector to support economic diversification and improve productivity
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  • 28
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Keywords: Artificial Intelligence ; ICT Applications ; ICT Policy and Strategies ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Science and Technology Development ; Technology Innovation
    Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) - the science of making machines act in rational, intelligent ways is rapidly making inroads into business operations and society. AI is already being applied in many areas of our lives, with high penetration in financial services followed by e-commerce, healthcare, education, agriculture, and manufacturing. Emerging markets can benefit significantly from AI: Its applications are providing new ways to leapfrog infrastructure gaps and solve pressing development challenges in critical sectors. This report explores the latest AI applications and trends in emerging markets and includes several examples of how AI is expanding opportunities and contributing to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. It also sheds light on how investors, clients, and governments can harness its full potential while minimizing its risks, when managed effectively and with safeguards in place, AI can facilitate private investment to reduce poverty and improve lives at a pace inconceivable only a decade ago
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Women in Development and Gender Study
    Keywords: E-Commerce ; Gender ; Private Sector Development
    Abstract: The rapid digital transformation underway in Southeast Asia has the potential to have an equally transformative impact on women entrepreneurs. Although Southeast Asia boasts a higher incidence of women entrepreneurs compared to men, women-owned (WO) businesses tend to be smaller, have lower average sales, and have fewer employees. advances in disruptive technologies do not always translate into advances in gender equality, and to date there is limited research that has addressed women's participation or success on e-commerce platforms. This report seeks to close this knowledge gap with the first large-scale, sex-disaggregated analysis of e-commerce sellers in Southeast Asia and to shed light on the following key questions: (1) how are women entrepreneurs participating and performing in e-commerce?; (2) what are the opportunities and challenges for women entrepreneurs selling on e-commerce platforms?; and (3) is there a business case for e-commerce platforms to invest in women entrepreneurs? To answer these questions, the research team conducted in-depth interviews with sellers, as well as global and regional e-commerce experts; undertook surveys of representative samples of men and women sellers in Indonesia and the Philippines; and conducted an analysis of data from Lazada, one of the region's largest e-commerce platforms
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  • 30
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Women in Development and Gender Study
    Keywords: Access To Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Gender ; Gender and Economic Policy ; Gender Monitoring and Evaluation ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development
    Abstract: Nigeria is the largest economy in Africa, and it is projected to have the fifth largest population in the world by 2026. The gender gap is particularly acute in Nigeria, and three market failures stand out: (1) a persistent gender gap at the company leadership level; (2) lack of access to finance for women who want to start a business; and (3) women's limited access to markets through supply chains and procurement opportunities. The International Finance Corporation (IFC) and Nigerian Exchange Limited (NGX) have joined forces to rally some of the largest Nigerian companies to increase women's participation in private sector development. Through the Nigeria2Equal initiative, IFC is working with the chief executive officers (CEOs) of companies listed on NGX that are committed to implementing gender-smart solutions to reduce gender gaps across leadership, employment, and entrepreneurship. Through the Nigeria2Equal initiative, IFC is working with the chief executive officers (CEOs) of companies listed on NGX that are committed to implementing gender-smart solutions to reduce gender gaps across leadership, employment, and entrepreneurship. By conducting market research and publishing studies such as this report, IFC is establishing the business case for the private sector to invest in women in Nigeria, and are helping companies to identify gaps and constraints, and invest in reducing those gaps
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  • 31
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Agricultural Study
    Keywords: Agribusiness ; Agricultural Sector Economics ; Agriculture ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth
    Abstract: In recent years, there has been a growing interest in investments from the government, development partners and the private sector in integrated development/growth corridors and other spatial development initiatives, where coordinated investments in transport infrastructure, power, communications and markets are expected to create conditions to unleash Papua New Guinea's undoubted agricultural potential. Growth corridor strategies are increasingly invoked to coordinate public and private investment around strategic backbone infrastructure in developing countries. Investments in soft and hard infrastructure to promote investment in processing zones or out-grower schemes and facilitate multi-stakeholder dialogue aim to overcome coordination failures and bottlenecks related to market linkages or producer-relations to secure supply chains. This paper discusses the model of growth corridors as a tool for inclusive agricultural development in Papua New Guinea. It provides corridor and other spatial development approaches in terms of i) their geographical scope, ii) their objectives and iii) their governance mechanisms, the driving force behind the corridor initiative. Finally, it analyzes the potential and the needs of how the Markham and Ramu valleys can be a role model for an agricultural transformation in Papua New Guinea
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  • 32
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Infrastructure Study
    Keywords: Information and Communication Technologies ; Information Technology ; Science and Technology Development ; Technology Innovation
    Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has made the digital revolution more important than ever. A strong entrepreneurial ecosystem is essential for digital revolution. This report assesses entrepreneurship ecosystems in Central America and provides a series of recommendations. The assessment was carried out in four countries of Central America - Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras - and combined a set of analytical instruments. It included an analysis of firm-level micro-data, an analysis of public programs and intermediary organizations to support entrepreneurship, focus groups, and an online survey of more than 2,000 firms on technology use. The findings and the corresponding recommendations also cover challenges that make it difficult for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to digitalize their operations and for start-ups in general
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  • 33
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Investment Climate Assessment
    Keywords: Information and Communication Technologies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Telecommunications
    Abstract: The expansion of telecommunications services to unserved and underserved areas is key to reduce the digital connectivity gap. In order to do so, it is important to explore innovative and cost-efficient technologies and business models. Telecom Energy Services Company (TESCOs) offer solutions for powering and managing telecom companies' networks in off-grid and bad-grid areas in chapter one. International Finance Corporation (IFC) is seeking to contribute to the growth and development of innovative solution providers for telecom sites located in areas with little to no access to electricity by providing insights into the growth perspectives of the TESCO market globally in chapters two and three. IFC presents a market segmentation framework based on current business models in chapter four. The report then examines the typical commercial arrangements and key drivers which influence the bankability of TESCOs in chapter five. IFC also estimates the total amount of financing needed in order to address the pressing need for connectivity in unserved and underserved areas and acts as a call to action to stakeholders in the industry and in the financing community to work towards bridging this important connectivity gap. The five sections covered in this report represent the key dimensions required to assess the investment opportunity for TESCOs
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  • 34
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Investment Climate Assessment
    Keywords: Accommodation and Tourism Industry ; Business in Development ; Cultural Assets for Poverty Reduction ; Employment ; Environment ; Industry ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Tourism and Ecotourism ; Tourism Industry
    Abstract: IFC supports the tourism industry because of its strong development impact. It is easily accessible to rural entrepreneurs, allows for local approaches and products, has a bias towards female participation, and enables excellent supply-chain linkages. Our activities in tourism are aimed at promoting private sector-investments leading to sustainable and inclusive growth. In Nepal, tourism development also enables the creation of cultural, adventure, and sightseeing experiences that have appeal and significance among its established global, loyal market of visitors-ranging from pilgrims to mountaineers, hikers, and wellness and sightseeing travelers. But the COVID-19 pandemic has hit the tourism industry especially hard. The potential loss to the country's GDP from the collapse of tourism activities is estimated at USD 460 million. Around 230,000 jobs are at risk; 20,000 tour and trekking guides are unemployed, and 2,600 trekking agencies are closed, some maybe permanently. Now, as outbound markets begin to show signs of recovery, it is time to implement strategic adjustments to Nepal's tourism sector and implement policies that will align the destination with the new market reality
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  • 35
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Women in Development and Gender Study
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Development ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Gender
    Abstract: There is a strong business and economic case for increasing women's representation in companies' leadership, globally, and especially in Africa. In 2019, the International Labor Organization (ILO) conducted a worldwide survey on the impact of gender diversity initiatives on 13,000 enterprises. In the study, ILO found that approximately 90 percent of companies track the quantitative impact of gender diversity initiatives around promoting women in management, and of those nearly 74 percent saw an increase in profits of between 5 and 20 percent. Given how critical the financial services sector is to economic growth, to help accelerate its progress, International Finance Corporation (IFC) launched several initiatives to better understand the opportunities and constraints to increasing the recruitment, retention, and promotion of women. In Tanzania, for example, IFC's finance2equal gender program is working in partnership with a selection of companies to reduce gender gaps in the financial services sector through research, peer learning, and firm-level support. Under this initiative, the study summarized in this report investigates gaps in workplace policies and practices as well as differences in the roles of women and men and makes recommendations to reduce gender gaps
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  • 36
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Private Sector Development, Privatization, and Industrial Policy
    Keywords: Agribusiness ; Business Environment ; Business in Development ; Energy Sector ; Private Sector Development ; Private Sector Economics
    Abstract: The Country Private Sector Diagnostic (CPSD) is a joint IFC-World Bank diagnostic that aims to make concrete recommendations for crowding-in private sector investment and financing in client countries. The CPSD analyzes the country context, including the state of the private sector, and identifies cross-cutting as well as sector-specific opportunities and constraints. The analysis presented in the Mozambique CPSD will feed into various upcoming World Bank Group (WBG) engagement reports for the country, including the IFC country strategy and the WBG Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD). Similarly, it is expected that the CPSD will be of interest to the government, the private sector, and other development partners. Policy makers in Mozambique can take advantage of the CPSD to undertake reforms for improving the opportunities for private sector investment in priority economic sectors. The CPSD seeks to provide answers to the main development questions for private sector development in Mozambique, including which traded sectors, beyond extractives, have the most potential to drive growth and productive employment, and what reforms are needed to support this change
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Partnership Frameworks
    Abstract: South Africa was hard-hit by the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The social impact of the crisis has also been high. Since 2019, the Government of South Africa (GoSA) has embarked on a new socio-economic transformation program. This crisis has forced the Government to make difficult policy choices to restore macroeconomic stability, deal with the health and socioeconomic crisis, accelerate growth and make it more inclusive. In line with the Government priorities and those presented in the SCD, the central tenet of this Country Partnership Framework (CPF) is to help South Africa continue to tackle its Apartheid legacy of socio-economic exclusion, currently complicated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The CPF's overarching goal is to support SA in stimulating investment and job creation to achieve economic and social convergence for an inclusive and resilient society
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  • 38
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Keywords: Finance and Development ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Non Bank Financial Institutions ; Private Investment ; Transparency
    Abstract: Blended concessional finance is the combination of concessional funds from development partners with commercial finance from development finance institutions (DFIs) and private sources. These resources can be used strategically to help mitigate risk in challenging emerging markets and attract private investment where it otherwise would not go. It can be an important source of finance to help reach the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and address the economic challenges brought on by Coronavirus (COVID-19). This report examines IFC's two decades of experience supporting pioneering projects with blended concessional finance. The report addresses issues such as why and when concessional finance is appropriate to support private sector projects; the key transparency, access, and governance processes required to implement projects efficiently and effectively; the principles for selecting and structuring projects; how to use blended concessional finance to invest in lower-income countries; and the different ways of structuring concessional finance facilities used by DFIs
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Women in Development and Gender Study
    Keywords: E-Commerce ; Gender ; Private Sector Development
    Abstract: The rapid digital transformation underway in Africa has the potential to have an equally transformative impact on women entrepreneurs. Although Africa boasts a higher incidence of women entrepreneurs compared to men, women-owned (WO) businesses across the continent tend to be smaller, have lower average sales, and have fewer employees. The exponential growth of e-commerce in Africa presents an opportunity to close gender gaps by opening more markets to WO enterprises. Advances in disruptive technologies do not always translate into advances in gender equality, and to date, there is limited research that has investigated women's participation or their success on e-commerce platforms. This report seeks to address this knowledge gap with the first large-scale, sex-disaggregated analysis of e-commerce sellers in Africa and to shed light on the following key questions: (1) how are women entrepreneurs participating and performing in e-commerce?; (2) what are the opportunities and challenges for women entrepreneurs selling on e-commerce platforms?; and (3) is there a business case for e-commerce platforms to invest in women entrepreneurs? To answer these questions, the research team conducted in-depth interviews with sellers, as well as global and regional e-commerce experts; undertook surveys of representative samples of men and women sellers in Cote d'Ivoire, Kenya, and Nigeria; and conducted an analysis of data from Jumia, one of the region's largest e-commerce platforms
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  • 40
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Private Sector Development, Privatization, and Industrial Policy
    Keywords: Accommodation and Tourism Industry ; Emerging Markets ; Equity and Development ; Industry ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Transport
    Abstract: The Jordan Country Private Sector Diagnostic (CPSD) is a joint International Finance Corporation (IFC)-World Bank report that highlights the constraints as well as the opportunities facing the private sector in Jordan. It considers three sectors-tourism, logistics, and information and communication technology (ICT) - and the potential they offer for greater private sector contributions to the Jordanian economy, as well as the obstacles that they face from general or sector-specific policies and regulations. The CPSD also offers concrete recommendations to address some of these constraints. Although this report was largely prepared prior to the COVID-19 outbreak, its analysis and recommendations remain as, if not more, valid in the context of the pandemic and of an eventual recovery. A dynamic and resilient private sector is necessary if Jordan is to break the low-growth, high-unemployment trajectory it finds itself in today. The CPSD argues that tackling some of the major obstacles facing the private sector is essential to firm performance, investment, and productivity. These actions are as critical in times of crisis and especially afterwards to pave the way for a vigorous and sustainable recovery. Similarly, the sectors assessed by the CPSD continue to hold promise for the country. The pandemic has underscored the important role that digitalization, a strong ICT infrastructure, and supportive services have in creating a resilient economy and business continuity. E-commerce and logistics capabilities and services are an area put forward by the CPSD as an opportunity for Jordan in the coming years; they have boomed during the current crisis and are expected to be one of the post-pandemic growth sectors. Conversely, tourism, which had been experiencing a strong rebound in Jordan over the past few years, is one of the sectors hardest hit across the globe by the COVID-19 crisis. In Jordan the sector accounts for about 19.2 percent of gross domestic product and 32 percent of exports. Crafting a strategy that effectively addresses the many obstacles that prevent the tourism sector from attaining its potential is a necessary investment for a strong recovery - and a good use of what is likely to be a transitional period until travel re-commences
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  • 41
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Women in Development and Gender Study
    Keywords: Gender ; Gender and Economic Policy ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Small and Medium Size Enterprises
    Abstract: Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) make up a large part of Kenya's economy, accounting for approximately 98 percent of all businesses. SMEs are found in all sectors of the economy, they are estimated to contribute about 80 percent of total employment in Kenya, and they play a central role in Kenya's economic growth. Women's ownership of formal SMEs is low, comprising only about one third of registered SMEs. Women-owned and led SMEs (WSMEs) face structural barriers in growing their businesses due to their limited access to: finance, business networks and connections, and market information. Consequently, these barriers limit WSMEs' ability to access new markets, such as procurement contracts with private sector Buyers. In 2020, IFC established Sourcing2Equal, a global program that aims to connect 5,000 WSMEs to private procurement opportunities by 2023. The first project under the program is in Kenya. This report examines the barriers that Kenyan SMEs face in accessing private procurement contracts, and if there are differences based on whether companies are owned by women, men, or owned jointly by women and men. Analysis of survey data from 571 SMEs, and interviews with 14 corporate Buyers in Kenya, provide unique data on gender gaps in the participation of SMEs in corporate supply chains, and it reveals emerging practices that are aiming to increase the procurement of goods and services from WSMEs. The sample of formally registered SMEs was selected from a defined population in business membership organizations' databases, rather than from a national census dataset. Due to the potential risk of homogeneity in the sample, the statistically significant results of this study should not be assumed to be representative of the whole SME population
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  • 42
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Private Sector Development, Privatization, and Industrial Policy
    Keywords: Agribusiness ; Business Environment ; Business in Development ; Emerging Markets ; Energy Sector ; Private Sector ; Private Sector Development ; Private Sector Economics
    Abstract: Malawi is at a turning point in its political, social, and economic trajectory. Lazarus Chakwera was sworn in as Malawi's sixth president in June 2020. This marked a historic moment: the first time in Africa that an opposition candidate won a presidential election following initial results being overturned. After widespread unrest prior to the election, Malawians, especially the youth, have been demanding greater accountability, an end to corruption, and tangible progress on eradicating persistent poverty levels that exceed 70 percent of the population. The average gross national income (GNI) of a Malawian is the third lowest in the world, just USD 380 as of 2019. The Chakwera administration will need to find a way to unify the country's fractured political landscape and deliver on development promises. On top of these challenges, the new administration must also navigate the ongoing and evolving economic shocks of the COVID-19 pandemic. Gross domestic product (GDP) growth expectations for 2020 have been lowered from 4.8 percent to 0.8 percent. Recent efforts to build fiscal and institutional resilience have helped but need to be strengthened. The pandemic's fallout has weakened the country's macroeconomic foundations, and the overall risk of debt distress is now high. Meanwhile, human capital gains are at risk. Poverty reduction is expected to stagnate, and overall poverty could potentially worsen. The pandemic will likely exacerbate existing inequalities in economic opportunities for women. Women-owned firms, for example, are primarily concentrated in informal agriculture and services, sectors that lack basic social protections to buffer against economic distress. Female farmers, for example, generally have lower access to productive inputs, information, and liquidity than male farmers, so in times of crisis, their farm productivity and food security can be hit harder
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Financial Sector Study
    Keywords: Access To Finance ; Employment and Unemployment ; Job Creation ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Small and Medium Size Enterprises ; Social Protections and Labor
    Abstract: This report presents an updated methodology to estimate the number of SME jobs created as a result of SME loans.5 It analyzes job multipliers across developing countries through a firm-level regression of annual employment change on loan size. Put simply, the framework presented here analyzes the relationship between the size of loans to SMEs and the jobs these enterprises create. This methodology builds on previous papers that found an association between access to finance and job growth, including Ayyagari and others (2016),6 and draws on data from the World Bank Enterprise Survey (ES) and IFC's own "tracer surveys" to develop a new SME jobs multiplier that would allow for the estimation of job creation effects that correlate with SME loan size.7 The use of tracer surveys has enabled IFC to analyze how the SME customers of a particular IFC partner financial institution have benefited from greater access to finance and generated positive developmental impacts such as greater SME growth, productivity, and female ownership
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  • 44
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Water Papers
    Keywords: Environment ; Water Conservation ; Water Resources ; Water Resources Management
    Abstract: The Trishuli Assessment Tool is a standardized methodology for sampling freshwater aquatic biodiversity in hydropower projects. This tool was developed to: 1) strengthen the collection of aquatic biodiversity data for environmental impact assessments (EIAs) and international-level environmental and social impact assessments (ESIAs); and 2) provide a simple yet standardized method for the long-term monitoring of aquatic biodiversity in relation to hydropower projects. The tool was developed by a group of 30 international and Nepalese aquatic scientists at a workshop in 2019 and tested during a field survey in 2020. It provides a field sampling methodology for three focal groups of aquatic biodiversity: fish, macroinvertebrates, and periphyton as indicators of overall aquatic biodiversity. This field manual provides guidance for implementing the Trishuli assessment tool in the rivers of Nepal and other Himalayan regions. The manual is applicable to all types of hydropower projects (HPPs), from small run-of-river to larger peaking projects because all of them have some impact on the aquatic environment
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Country Partnership Frameworks
    Abstract: Rwanda is widely celebrated for the remarkable social, political, and economic renaissance it has experienced in the years following the genocide against the Tutsi of 1994. However, Rwanda appears to have relatively higher poverty rates than African peers with similar income per capita, and its elasticity of poverty reduction to growth is low compared to high-growing SSA peers. Poverty is concentrated in rural areas and among households with many children. Rwanda now faces challenges in fully translating its very strong growth into commensurate gains in poverty reduction and shared prosperity. This Country Partnership Framework (CPF) sets out the World Bank Group's (WBG) plans for addressing the country's development priorities as identified in the 2019 Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) and Rwanda's National Strategy for Transformation (NST1) well as supporting Rwanda's response to the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic to recover from the negative public health and socio-economic impacts of the pandemic. The CPF takes into account Rwanda's anti-crisis response program as of mid-May 2020, including the government's emergency Economic Recovery Plan, although it will likely continue to evolve in coming months. It was agreed with the authorities that should the situation warrant considerable changes to the government's strategy and its program with the WBG, the Performance and Learning Review (PLR) will be brought forward to accommodate such changes. The CPF spans two IDA cycles, IDA19 (July 2020 to June 2023) and IDA 20 (July 2023 to June 2026). Given the country's preference for frontloading its IDA commitment, and a track record of making good use of additional IDA resources available, Rwanda will explore the use of additional resources from IDA windows
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  • 46
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Financial Sector Study
    Abstract: Coordination between secured transactions law and rules regulating financial products and institutions is of primary importance to support establishing a sound and inclusive credit ecosystem. This Primer illustrates why coordination between secured transactions law reforms and prudential regulation is needed; introduces the rationale and key tenets of prudential regulatory regimes. Also, specific attention is given to capital requirements and prudential loan-loss provisioning. The Primer also identifies a set of typical issues emerging from the reform experiences of several jurisdictions and presents the key elements of the regulatory strategy to approach such issues
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Country Partnership Frameworks
    Abstract: Sierra Leone has an advantageous geography and abundant mineral, agricultural and blue resources, yet the country's per capita gross domestic product (GDP) is almost the same as it was after independence. This CPF is highly selective and opportunistic, focusing on putting the fundamentals in place, with a strong emphasis on critical development accelerators that touch the lives of every Sierra Leonean: human capital, energy and technology
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Country Partnership Frameworks
    Abstract: The Central African Republic (CAR), sparsely populated and landlocked in the heart of the continent, is one of the poorest and most fragile countries in the world despite its wealth in natural resources. The socio-economic and health impacts of the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) will put additional strain on an already fragile system. CAR is at a critical inflection point, following the signature of an ambitious Peace Accord - with a subsequent sharp decline in violence - and ahead of a double electoral cycle
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  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: This discussion paper is a product of the from disclosure to development (D2D) program, led by the sustainable infrastructure advisory team of the International Finance Corporation (IFC). The program, launched in 2017, is funded by the BHP Foundation and implemented in collaboration with the World Bank. The program's goal is to enhance benefit sharing with communities from investment in natural resources through effective disclosure and data-use practices. D2D develops and tests new approaches, partnerships, and platforms aimed at improving the ways in which companies and governments disclose data, so that communities and other stakeholders can use it to inform their decisions and actions. To bridge the information asymmetry in the sector and give voice to communities, D2D works to improve the disclosure and use of open data with capacity building, multi-stakeholder dialogues, and data-driven innovation activities with youth, infomediaries, and digital entrepreneurs. The D2D program uses lessons learned from these in-country activities to contribute to global efforts to improve transparency in the natural resources sector through more effective disclosure and use of data. In the coming years, D2D plans to expand to other countries and infrastructure sectors and to add a gender data component
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  • 50
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Financial Sector Study
    Abstract: One of the critical challenges to micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) continues to be access to finance (World Bank 2019). Asset-based lending (ABL) is emerging as a unique financing option for businesses and a new way to provide working-capital financing to support business growth and sustain business operations. The approach leverages nontraditional but valuable movable assets such as machinery, equipment, securities, accounts receivable, agricultural produce, and intellectual property rights as collateral to secure financing from credit institutions. These assets are common among entrepreneurs and established businesses but are seldom considered as a useful form of collateral to access short-term financing. Interestingly, among developing countries, movable assets represent as much as 78 percent of the capital stock of enterprises relative to immovable assets such as land and buildings (22 percent) (Alvarez de la Campa 2011). Despite this, insufficient collateral continues to be one of the main reasons loans are not granted in emerging markets (Fleisig, Safavian, and de la Pena 2006), perhaps reflecting the preference of financial institutions to utilize collateral based on immovable assets such as land and buildings. This assessment seeks to examine MABL in Jamaica, with a focus on developing possible options for deepening secondary markets among assets commonly used as collateral in MABL. The report includes recommendations for developing secondary markets, among other potential assets that can be used for MABL, as well as general steps for implementation
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: This discussion paper is a product of the from disclosure to development (D2D) program, led by the sustainable infrastructure advisory team of the International Finance Corporation (IFC). The program, launched in 2017, is funded by the BHP Foundation and implemented in collaboration with the World Bank. It builds on more than a decade of IFC and World Bank experience in natural resources transparency and open data. The program's goal is to enhance benefit sharing with communities from investment in natural resources through effective disclosure and data-use practices. D2D develops and tests new approaches, partnerships, and platforms aimed at improving the ways in which companies and governments disclose data, so that communities and other stakeholders can use it to inform their decisions and actions. The social license to operate (SLO) refers to the ongoing acceptance of a company or industry's standard business practices and operating procedures by stakeholders, local communities, and the general public. Transparency and community engagement can also create the foundations for developing proactive systems for companies to recognize and address community concerns and create tangible programs to improve planning with host communities, governments, and civil society. The goal is to establish social value that is measurable and verifiable and emphasizes the issues that matter to different groups of stakeholders
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  • 52
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: The natural resources sector, particularly the mining industry, has been a significant part of Peru's economic growth over the past decade. The law mandates that the national government transfer half of the income taxes paid by mining companies to regional and local governments. This transfer of funds represents a significant opportunity to respond to the needs of local communities and lift them out of poverty. The Peruvian law of transparency and access to public information lays out mandatory compliance rules for public authorities and officials. It requires public entities at the national, regional, and municipal levels to deliver, in a timely manner, information requested by people and entities and to provide adequate infrastructure to systemize and publish public information. International Finance Corporation (IFC) identified five groups of stakeholders that were key in promoting transparency and accountability: authorities and municipal officials; local leaders; surveillance committees of the participatory budgeting process; the media; and the general population. Implementation of IFC's transparency and accountability projects in Peru generated a wealth of information, experience, recommendations, and lessons that will be useful when designing and implementing future interventions
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  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Country Partnership Frameworks
    Abstract: This five-year Country Partnership Framework (CPF) for Senegal lays out the World Bank Group (WBG) program for the FY20-FY24 period, which aims to support the country in its path towards achieving middle-income status by 2035
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  • 54
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: Blockchain is an emerging technology that offers the possibility of re-engineering economic models and enabling the creation of markets and products that were previously unavailable or unprofitable across emerging markets. This report is intended to introduce readers to current developments in distributed ledger technology, or blockchain, with the vantage point of possible benefits to emerging markets. The first six chapters were written a year ago, while the last three are more recent and bring the perspective of a year of development in the nascent technology. Chapter 1 provides an overview of blockchain technology, followed by a look at its unfolding applications in emerging markets in Chapter 2. Chapter 3 examines whether blockchain can be used to mitigate de-risking by financial institutions. Chapters 4 and 5 look more closely at the financial services sector, including an overview of how blockchain fits into the spectrum of financial technology (fintech) innovations and the resulting provision of financial services (Chapter 4), and an analysis of blockchain's contribution to reaching the unbanked and underbanked in various emerging markets, including in Latin America, Asia, and Sub-Saharan Africa (Chapter 5). Chapter 6 looks beyond fintech to explore how developments in applied blockchain technology can impact agribusiness, drug safety, and more generally provide enforcement tools to promote the reach of sustainable and inclusive business. Chapter 7 discusses the proper regulatory environment needed to stimulate competition and investment in blockchain technologies in emerging markets and beyond. Chapter 8 examines the potential of blockchain to accelerate the transition to low-carbon energy solutions in these countries. Chapter 9 offers a review of legal issues associated with the use of blockchain and how these can be addressed
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: Facilitating a dynamic and competitive small-and medium-sized enterprises (SME) sector is a strong priority in both developed and emerging economies. In this context, despite significant success in sustaining high economic growth and job creation, Cambodia is at a relatively early phase of developing targeted SME policies. SMEs, both men- and women-owned, face several challenges, including access to markets, low productivity, lack of qualified and skilled labor, lack of innovation, as well as a complicated and relatively costly registration procedure. This study intends to capture data on both men- and women-owned SMEs in Cambodia to be able to better understand the gender implications in the provision of targeted business development as well as banking services in the country. The objective of the research is thus to inform the government, private and state-owned banks as well as the international community about the financial and non-financial constraints faced in particular by women-owned SMEs that can be addressed at policy, financial sector, and market levels. In addition, the study aims to outline the opportunities that women-owned SMEs represent for banks and how banks are missing out on a separate and strategic customer segment. It also explores potential solutions that can be utilized to help overcome the typical barriers faced by women
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  • 56
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Private Sector Development, Privatization, and Industrial Policy
    Abstract: This Country Private Sector Diagnostic (CPSD) identifies opportunities to stimulate sustainable economic growth and development by harnessing the power of the private sector in Angola. Applying a sectoral lens, it leverages the private sector's knowledge and experience to accelerate transformational investment. It also puts forward operational recommendations highlighting strategic entry points for diversification and growth, while addressing key constraints to private sector engagement. The CPSD discusses implementation principles inspired by international good practices. It informs World Bank and IFC strategies, paving the way for joint programming to create markets and unlock private sector potential
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Investment Climate Assessment
    Abstract: This publication explains the concept of traceability systems in the food industry and discusses its main components. It includes a list of key traceability requirements established internationally and in European legislation. It also uses the case of Ukraine to illustrate implementation of food traceability on the national level
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Investment Climate Assessment
    Abstract: The Tourism Diagnostic Toolkit provides systematic guidance for identifying and assessing opportunities and constraints in the tourism ecosystem, as well as identifying potential points of entry for WBG interventions. The toolkit includes information on the WBG's current tourism offer and the tourism diagnostic process, a set of indicators and checklists for conducting secondary research. It also includes a process to assess the country's readiness for sustainable development of its tourism sector. This toolkit should be used in tandem with FCI's Tourism Theory of Change. The Tourism Diagnostic Toolkit is part of an evolving set of FCI tourism resources, which are available for project teams to use as part of their work on tourism projects
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  • 59
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Financial Accountability Study
    Abstract: This report takes stock of the market for impact investing and examines the conditions that would allow the market to grow and realize its potential. Historically, there have always been investors who cared about more than just financial returns. Governments and philanthropists, for example, have set up investment vehicles with mandates to promote social and environmental goals. Over the last decade, impact investing has gained prominence as an approach to investment that aims to achieve both financial returns and social or environmental goals.1 This has created a dynamic but somewhat disorganized market of diverse participants, standards, and concepts. Although still small, the market is attracting considerable interest, and it has the potential to increase in scale, and thereby contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Paris climate goals
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Public Sector Study
    Abstract: The tourism sector in Rwanda is growing rapidly, largely driven by gorilla trekking and the Meetings, Conventions, Incentives and Exhibitions (MICE) segments. Despite this growth and government prioritization of tourism, there had been a gap in the regulation of the tourism sector, which was potentially affecting the attractiveness of the Rwandan market as a tourism destination and reducing the competitiveness of firms providing tourism services. to help address this gap, the World Bank Group (WBG), through the International Finance Corporation (IFC) Advisory Services, provided technical assistance in Rwanda over three years to support the creation of a new tourism regulatory agency, operationalize two new regulations, and license over 400 tourism entities under challenging time and resource constraints. In working with the Government of Rwanda and other stakeholders, IFC learned several lessons that may be useful to other practitioners who are considering: how to create and develop a regulatory regime from scratch to respond to a specific regulatory gap; how to place an emphasis on implementation beyond pure policy work; and how to be flexible and innovative to make the system as efficient as possible under time and resource constraints. This note sets out what was achieved, how it was achieved, and what was learned in the process. Together with material on global best practices, it is designed to provide a practical case study and share implementation insight for
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  • 61
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Private Sector Development, Privatization, and Industrial Policy
    Abstract: Ethiopia has made impressive strides along its developmental path. Job creation is now the critical development challenge, raising the importance of the private sector agenda. After more than a decade of sustained public sector-led growth, the government is revising its growth strategy to allow for a much greater role for the private sector in driving growth and job creation. Broadening the base for job creation beyond light manufacturing toward a wider range of high productivity agricultural and services activities will help to overcome the uneven spatial distribution of manufacturing jobs across the country. Ethiopia has a number of advantages that it can leverage to attract the investment needed for job creation. These include rapidly improving transport and energy infrastructure, low labor costs, a large and growing domestic market, cheap power, an ideal climate, and preferential market access to the European Union, the United States, and other major markets. The purpose of the Ethiopia country private sector diagnostic (CPSD) is to support the transition to a private sector- driven growth model that advances the country's development objectives and, in particular, delivers the necessary jobs. It identifies investment opportunities that can materialize in the short term, and the reforms that are needed to enable these opportunities to emerge. It also discusses how specific actions by the public sector, in collaboration with the private sector, in filling gaps in public investment, reforming business regulations and trade policy, addressing market failures, and enhancing the efficiency of key backbone services and sectors, while tackling gender inequalities, can fully unleash the potential of private sector investment
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Private Sector Development, Privatization, and Industrial Policy
    Abstract: Rwanda has made unsurmountable strides along its development path. Rwanda has placed among the world's fastest-growing economies, climbing the development ladder from second-poorest in the world in 1994 to sit ahead of nineteen other countries. Today, job creation lies at the heart of Rwanda's development challenge. The government of Rwanda (GoR) recognizes the urgency of creating new jobs. The new thirty-year Vision for the period up to 2050, which is currently being finalized, elaborates the country's long-term development goals. The core of transformation for prosperity is developing high-value and competitive sectors, to transition the population and economy from subsistence agriculture toward industry and high-skilled services. The purpose of the Rwanda country privates sector diagnostic (CPSD) is to identify market opportunities and constraints in sectors that advance the country's development objectives. By assessing the landscape of private sector investment in the country, the CPSD identifies specific constraints to private sector investment and productivity growth, concrete opportunities that could materialize in the short term, and the reforms that will enable this materialization. It then discusses how specific actions by the public sector in collaboration with the private sector by filling gaps in public investment, reforming regulations, and addressing market failures could unleash sectors' private investment potential
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  • 63
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Private Sector Development, Privatization, and Industrial Policy
    Abstract: Morocco has steered significant resources towards large investments in economic sectors identified as strategic to growth, and for increased productivity and value addition. Despite Morocco's strikingly high investment rate, one of the highest in the world at an average of thirty-four percent of gross domestic product (GDP) annually since the mid-2000s, the returns in economic growth, job creation and productivity, have been disappointing. The Moroccan economy has performed particularly poorly in terms of job creation. A more vibrant private sector is needed to create more jobs. This CPSD identifies policy recommendations and investment opportunities that would foster job creation by the formal private sector and improve labor supply in skills that would anchor Morocco as an emerging economy, to continue its path of growth, and to move into higher value-added and innovative sectors
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  • 64
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Private Sector Development, Privatization, and Industrial Policy
    Abstract: Kenya has the opportunities and resources to stimulate sustainable economic growth and development, but its potential has been constrained by under-investment and low firm-level productivity. Altogether, its development has not been sufficiently sustainable or equitable to transform the lives of ordinary citizens. Poverty remains high, with thirty-six percent of Kenyans living under the national poverty line, whereas the richest ten percent of the population receive forty percent of the nation's income. This country private sector diagnostic (CPSD) sheds light on how the private sector can more effectively contribute to advancing the country's developmental goals. Applying a sectoral lens, it puts forward operational recommendations highlighting strategic entry points for diversification and growth and addresses key constraints to private sector engagement. It also seeks to inform World Bank and IFC strategies, paving the way for joint programming to create markets and unlock private sector potential
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) share distinctive challenges that require specific governance practices. This guidebook presents a tailored governance framework with structures, policies, and practices that mitigate the risks and support sustainable growth of business while recognizing the resource constraints typical of SMEs. The objective of this guidebook is to help SME entrepreneurs and their investors develop a highly tailored governance improvement plan to support sustainable growth of their companies. The SME governance methodology in this guidebook represents a governance innovation by tailoring specific recommendations to the evolutionary stages of SME growth: stage one: start-up; stage two: active growth; stage three: organizational development; and stage four: business expansion. This guidebook provides an international perspective - focusing on characteristics that are common to small and midsize businesses in many different countries. Guidebook is structured as follows: chapter one, SME governance: what is it? why is it important? explains what corporate governance is and how it differs for SMEs. Chapter two, SME governance framework defines the stages of growth for SMEs as well as governance-related risks and opportunities associated with each stage. Chapter three, key governance topics and leading practices takes a deep dive into select governance concepts and practices for each of the five governance topics. Appendix, SME governance action planning tool distills the key recommendations of the SME guidebook and presents them in the form of worksheets to help identify high-priority actions appropriate to your SME's stage of growth
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  • 66
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Country Partnership Frameworks
    Abstract: Past economic success notwithstanding, this Country Partnership Framework (CPF) comes at a time when Kazakhstan faces growing challenges. Institutional and governance reforms have been identified by the Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) as the main constraint to achieving Kazakhstan's development goals. This CPF incorporates shifts in the World Bank Group (WBG) program that are intended to directly support Kazakhstan's development objectives and assist it in IBRD graduation. The CPF will also involve a high degree of selectivity to ensure that its programming is consistent with the WBG's value proposition to upper-middle-income countries as well as the IBRD graduation policy
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  • 67
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Social Protection Study
    Abstract: According to United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the United Nations Refugee Agency, by the end of 2017, nearly 70 million people worldwide were forcibly displaced - more than the entire population of the United Kingdom. Governments, aid agencies, and non-government organizations (NGOs) have long provided humanitarian aid for refugees, addressing immediate needs such as food, water, and shelter. The need for sustainable, long-term solutions that mitigate the negative impacts of forcible displacement, uplift refugees, and support host communities is therefore becoming more acute. Indeed, the development community is increasingly focusing on empowering refugees as agents of their own lives and economic contributors - from providing skills training, to offering employment, and enabling access to financial products and services. Private sector actors are inherently well-positioned to enhance and scale these efforts, given their strategic capabilities and business models. Multinational corporations like Mastercard, regional, and national businesses such as Equity Bank and PowerGen, social enterprises like NaTakallam and Sanivation, and a range of others across industries, are demonstrating the potential roles of the private sector in supporting refugees and host communities
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  • 68
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Private Sector Development, Privatization, and Industrial Policy
    Abstract: A small landlocked economy in the heart of West Africa's French-speaking Sahel, Burkina Faso is characterized by its modest economic size, with a rapid population growth, with one of the highest per capita birth rates in the world. Burkina Faso needs to create 300,000 jobs annually to match its demographic growth, while about ninety percent of its workers are in the informal sector. Despite sustained robust economic growth over the past two decades driven by cotton and gold exports, private investment is low. Compounding the considerable development challenges that it faces, Burkina Faso is currently confronted by acute security and climatic threats, together with emerging fiscal risks. This country private sector diagnostic (CPSD) therefore investigates whether opportunities exist for the private sector to contribute more substantially to Burkina Faso's development. The CPSD proposes a platform for action aimed at boosting Burkina Faso's development through greater private sector investment. The remainder of the report provides an overview of: (i) the private sector environment; (ii) the cross-cutting constraints to the private sector; (iii) the critical enabling sector bottlenecks to the private sector; (iv) the opportunities for the private sector; and (v) a series of priority private sector focused recommendations
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Carbon Pricing Leadership Coalition Reports
    Abstract: This report examines how to design effective carbon pricing mechanisms (CPMs) for the construction industry. As the world's largest consumer of raw materials, it accounts for a significant proportion of final energy demand and is responsible for 25 percent to 40 percent of global carbon-related emissions. Demographic trends underline the need for the construction industry to do more to address its contribution to climate change. The world's population is predicted to reach nearly 10 billion by 2050, with the majority expected to live in urban areas. This will increase demand for buildings and infrastructure; some estimates suggest that 75 percent of the infrastructure needed by 2050 must still be built
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  • 70
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Energy Study
    Abstract: The report, a joint effort between the World Bank's Social Development Global Practice and International Finance Corporation (IFC) advisory services, is based on the idea that local engagement, for example, through benefit sharing, is an important way for better risk management and creating a more enabling environment for renewable energy development. It finds that the underlying causes of the conflicts are diverse, complex, and dynamic: influencing factors include historical struggles over poverty and inequality, land ownership, mistrust in public and private institutions, a lack of free, prior and informed consultations (FPIC) before investment flows into the region and oftentimes a missing legal framework for benefit sharing. The study provides recommendations on how to improve the investment climate for renewable energy and wind energy, in particular, through benefit sharing, risk management, and local community engagement. Integrating communities through FPIC or benefit sharing mechanisms is costly - but the cost of not integrating communities and of failed projects is even higher
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  • 71
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Country Partnership Frameworks
    Abstract: Propelled by almost 20 years of sustained growth, Cabo Verde achieved low middle-income country (MIC) status in 2007, one of the first African countries to do so. The impact of the 2008 crisis on Cabo Verde's growth trajectory was heightened by the country's undiversified economy. Since 2016, the resumption of growth, combined with fiscal consolidation efforts, have helped to strengthen public sector finances. In response to these challenges, the Government launched an ambitious development strategy for 2017-2021, the Strategic Plan for Sustainable Development. The FY20-25 Country Partnership Framework (CPF) will support the Government's strategy through highly selective interventions
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  • 72
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Water Papers
    Abstract: The Philippines is home to around twenty five million of the 2.3 billion people worldwide who lack access to a basic sanitation service. Poor sanitation has enormous economic and human costs. The spread of water-borne diseases, for instance, results in billions of dollars in costs to the government and poor quality of life for many citizens. IFC's Inclusive Business team partnered with the Manila Water Foundation, which is Manila Water Company's social responsibility arm established in 2005, to undertake a three-part study that would assess the reasons why low income urban households in the Philippines still do not have improved sanitation facilities and to test possible sanitation solutions that enable these households to improve their sanitation conditions. The study is part of IFC's ongoing efforts to partner with the private and public sectors to promote inclusive and sustainable growth through market based solutions for the poor and underserved.The objectives of this study are to provide context for the sanitation conditions of low-income communities in the Philippines and to identify the opportunities and barriers to improving sanitation systems
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  • 73
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: Transformations in the mi ...
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  • 74
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: This publication provides a baseline exploration into gender diversity in the Ghanaian boardroom.It examines gender diversity-across sectors, ownership types, legal status, listing status, and anumber of organizational and board-level characteristics- to provide empirical evidence to guidethe development of organizational and national policy. The study, launched in Accra in October 2016, mainly focused on generating a balanced and objective analysis of the issues surrounding women in the boardroom to ascertain the business case for having females on boards in Ghana. The objectives of the study were to examine the nature of gender diversity in public and private sector boards in Ghana, examine the determinants of board diversity in Ghanaian organizations, examine the relationship between gender diversity and organizational performance in Ghana, and to explore the experiences of women on boards. The first section of this report provides contextand background for the study, beginning with a summary of global trends in gender diversity and,more specifically, an overview of the regulatory and legal framework on gender diversity in Ghana.It also states the purpose of the study and cites significant previous studies. And it describes the research methodology used for this study. The second section presents and discusses the study's findings, including a look at the firms sampled. It examines the nature of boards and gender diversity in Ghanaian boardrooms and explores gender dynamics within the corporate setting.The final two sections consider the implications of the study's findings, particularly the challenges, prospects, and experiences of women on boards, followed by a presentation of conclusions and policy recommendations
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  • 75
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Commodities Study
    Abstract: The International Finance Corporation (IFC), in partnership with the Fiji Ministry of Agriculture (MoA) and the Fiji Ministry of Industry, Trade, and Tourism (MITT), conducted a study of the sourcing of imported and local fresh produce by Fiji's hotel sector. The study analyzes the purchasing patterns of Fiji's hotels, to better understand existing linkages between the tourism and agriculture sectors, and to identify opportunities to improve these linkages. This report covers Fiji's main tourism areas of Nadi, Lautoka, the Mamanuca and Yasawa Islands, Denarau, and the Coral Coast that are home to 74 percent of all bed places. The report estimates the demand for vegetables, fruits, meats, seafood, dairy, herbs, and juice products across hotels in Fiji's main tourism areas. Based on this demand estimate, as well as on feedback from specialists working in the sector and qualitative interviews with hotel chefs, owners, and purchasing managers, the report identifies specific fresh produce items that have potential for import replacement by local agricultural producers. The results and recommendations in this report can be used by the Fijian Government, farmers and suppliers, donor and development partners, hotels, and the broader agricultural industry to develop, fund, and implement the policies and practices required to increase economic linkages between tourism operators and farmers
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  • 76
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Financial Sector Study
    Abstract: The study, conducted assesses the current state of agricultural finance in the Republic of Kosovo (Kosovo) and determine ways to improve the provision of finance to Kosovo's growing agricultural economy. The study is aimed at informing the full range of stakeholders about the best options to scale up financial services for agriculture. The study relies on data from available statistics as well as on individual and group discussions with stakeholders. Kosovo's business environment is improving, despite slow advancement in the capacity and function of the public institutions responsible for providing guidance and direction to the industry. Government focus on the World Bank (WB) Doing Business indicators has produced encouraging results. According to the Doing Business 2018 report, Kosovo is currently ranked 40th in the world, up from 126th in 2012, a leap of 86 places. In ease of starting a business, Kosovo very substantially improved its ranking, by 160 places. A law on strategic investments is under consideration, and attention is being given to support public institutions that improve the business environment, such as the Business Registration Agency, which ultimately will support investors. These developments are taking place in an economy marked by high general unemployment (30.5 percent) and very high youth unemployment (52.7 percent). The public sector remains the dominant employer and pays higher wages on average than he private sector. The supply of skilled workers is insufficient to satisfy private sector demand. Small and medium enterprises dominate the economic landscape; while these are increasing in number, few grow into larger entities
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  • 77
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Carbon Pricing Leadership Coalition Reports
    Abstract: The global construction industry is the world's largest consumer of raw materials, and constructed objects account for between 25 and 40 percent of total carbon emissions in the world. The industry is projected to grow at 4.2 percent annually between 2018 and 2023 in terms of market value, with expansion opportunities in residential, nonresidential, and infrastructure projects. In parallel, the Paris Agreement and its well-below-2 degrees Celsius target for global temperature increase has signaled an imperative toward decarbonization in the public and private sectors, including creating the impetus for a sustainable construction industry. With increasing populations, urbanization, and the fact that almost 75 percent of the infrastructure that will exist in 2050 has yet to be built, the construction industry is expected only to expand, thus providing a significant opportunity to improve its efficiency and transition toward a low-carbon future. This paper provides a framework for considering the construction value chain and explores existing attitudes and initiatives toward carbon pricing along it, with the objective of enabling companies to identify possible synergies and align their approaches to sustainability. Twelve of the Carbon Pricing Leadership Coalition's (CPLC) partner companies representing sectors across the construction value chain, including aluminum, cement, glass, infrastructure, equipment manufacturing, construction services, and steel were interviewed to understand their motivations and experiences as they attempt to implement carbon pricing and transition toward low-carbon construction. Finally, the CPLC provides a forum for private companies to engage with governments to ensure the development of well-designed carbon pricing policies to help create a level playing field
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  • 78
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: Technological progress is often associated with the creation of novel and useful products through innovation and ingenuity. Yet in several emerging markets, including low-income economies, it is often more common to adopt, adapt, and scale technologies created elsewhere.By doing so, private enterprises in these countries could use technology to create markets and expand their product and service offerings to unserved and underserved residents, a process that produces new customers, buyers, sellers, and employees. This transforms the pursuit of profits into a driver of economic growth, as well as higher productivity and living standards, and gives technology a central role in emerging market development
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  • 79
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: The Indonesia Corporate Governance Manual discusses key corporate governance elements that have been contextualized to take into account current Indonesian laws and regulations as well as international best practices. While it is recommended to read the entire Manual to gain a full understanding of the corporate governance framework in Indonesia, it is not necessary to read all the chapters in chronological order. The Manual includes examples, illustrations, and checklists to aid clarity and understanding
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  • 80
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Strategic Environmental Assessment/Analysis
    Abstract: The Myanmar hydropower sector, in the early stages of development, has the opportunity to develop sustainably by balancing electricity generation with environmental and social outcomes. The country is currently following a conventional hydropower development process, with individual projects identified and approved without due consideration of the overall cumulative impacts that multiple projects and other pressures have on the river basin. In many countries this process has resulted in most major rivers and tributaries suitable for hydropower being developed, regulating these watercourses for 50-100 years and beyond. Significant cumulative impacts on basin health and related ecosystem services have resulted, with minimal opportunity available to lessen these impacts. This Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) of the Myanmar hydropower sector considers environmental and social values at the river basin level, recommending an approach to achieve sustainable hydropower development. The SEA recommends moving the initial planning focus away from individual projects to basin health to plan a sustainable sector development
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  • 81
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Investment Climate Assessment
    Abstract: In a remote area of northwest Kenya lies a sprawling mass of tents and shelters made of mud brick and cement blocks. It is Kakuma camp, one of the largest and longest-standing refugee camps in the world, which was established in 1992 for refugees fleeing conflict in Sudan. Set on the border of the town of Kakuma, home to Kenya's Turkana people, Kakuma camp is a melting pot of more than 160,000 refugees and displaced people from South Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Sudan. The aim of this study is to better understand Kakuma as a potential market and identify business opportunities and challenges for the private sector. The study identified three types of players that might benefit from its findings namely, commercial firms (banks, microfinance institutions, telecommunications companies, and small and medium enterprises from other sectors), social enterprises (companies that look to attain and maximize financial, social, and environmental impacts) and local entrepreneurs (from the refugee and host communities). By collecting empirical data on revenues, consumption patterns, consumer preferences, and financial transactions in the refugee camp and neighboring town, the study addresses the lack of market information that is necessary for the identified private sector players to start or scale up their operations in the Kakuma area
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  • 82
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: Countries around the worl ...
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  • 83
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Financial Accountability Study
    Abstract: The objective of the diagnostic review of financial consumer protection in PNG was to assess the FCP legal and regulatory framework and industry practices relevant to key parts of the regulated PNG financial sector. The diagnostic specifically considers the banking, non-bank financial institutions (NBFI), insurance, and payments sectors. Preliminary consideration has also been given to the superannuation sector and the securities, investments and informal sectors are not within the scope of this review. The review was conducted based on the revised and enhanced 2017 World Bank Good Practices for Financial Consumer Protection and the G20 High - Level Principles on Financial Consumer Protection and Digital Financial Inclusion. Regard has also been had to the Better Than Cash Alliance Responsible Digital Payments Guidelines. The following topics have been covered: (i) legal and regulatory framework; (ii) FCP supervision and capacity; (iii) transparency and fair treatment; and (iv) consumer complaints. A broad variety of stakeholders were consulted for the purposes of this diagnostic review, including government entities and regulators, representatives of the banking, NBFI, insurance and payments sectors and industry associations. The report was prepared as part of the PNG Financial Consumer Protection Project, funded by the Department of Foreign Affairs in Australia and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in New Zealand under the PNG Partnership
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Private Sector Development, Privatization, and Industrial Policy
    Abstract: The purpose of this Country Private Sector Diagnostic (CPSD) is to assess opportunities and constraints holding back private sector growth. It conducts a diagnostic of the main cross-cutting constraints to private sector competitiveness and growth through data analysis, synthesis of existing research and stakeholder consultations. This exercise also identifies sectors that could play a key role in enabling Nepal's growth, by either enabling other sectors or capitalizing on Nepal's inherent comparative advantage to tap global markets. Sector deep dives help identify private sector constraints specific to these sectors, including sector-specific manifestations of cross-cutting constraints. The CPSD analysis finally identifies key recommendations on policy reforms and investments in public goods (including public-private partnerships) that could enable growth of a competitive private sector
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  • 85
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: This report Tackling Childcare: The Business Case for Employer-supported Childcare in Sri Lanka responds to IFC client and partner demand for country-specific business case evidence on childcare and practical guidance on putting ideas into practice. It features I O case studies of companies across sectors-including in the country's key industries such as apparel and information technology-to highlight why employers should consider supporting their employees' childcare needs. The report shows that building an onsite creche is not the only way forward, as there are many different models through which employers can support their employees. The models the companies choose depend on what they can offer-while still gaining business benefits. This publication reaches hundreds of employers in the country, so they can learn from our partners' experience and replicate what works. It is also a call to action, urging key stakeholders to invest in childcare solutions and support the infrastructure that allows childcare providers to grow at the scale that is needed to support the demand, and generate
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  • 86
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Partnership Frameworks
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The country partnership framework (CPF) for Brazil covers the six-year period from FY18 to FY23.1 The CPF is aligned with the objectives of the country's development strategy as outlined in the Brazil growth strategy presented by the authorities and is rooted in the findings and recommendations of the World Bank Group (WBG) systematic country diagnostic (SCD) for Brazil, which contains an analysis of key constraints for inclusive and sustainable growth. The CPF supports the country in making further progress on the WBG twin goals of eliminating extreme poverty and boosting shared prosperity through a program that focuses on creating the conditions for faster job growth. The CPF reflects the priorities of the Brazilian authorities and the resources and capacity of the WBG to deliver against these priorities. The CPF is built around three focus areas: (i) fiscal consolidation and government effectiveness; (ii) private sector investment and productivity; and (iii) equitable and sustainable development. The CPF continues the strong focus on improved service delivery that was at the center of the previous strategy, including through the implementation of the large existing portfolio, but with a growing emphasis on new management models that promise to increase the efficiency and efficacy of the public sector in addition to safeguarding access for the poor
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Partnership Frameworks
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This World Bank Group (WBG) Guinea-Bissau country partnership framework (CPF) will be the first full country strategy since 1997. The development of the CPF has benefited from the findings of the 2016 systematic country diagnostic (SCD) and the 2015 fragility assessment, and addresses the main lessons learned from the completion and learning review (CLR) at annex 2. It also reflects feedback from consultations with the government, private sector, civil society, and development partners. This CPF supports the national development plan, Terra Ranka (fresh start), which was developed by the government elected in 2014. The CPF presents a selective and flexible WBG program. The focus areas of the CPF program will be on increased access to quality basic services and expanded economic opportunities and enhanced resilience to shocks
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 88
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Partnership Frameworks
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The Country Partnership Framework (CPF) for Mauritius covers FY17-21. The previous Country Partnership Strategy (CPS) was originally intended to cover FY07-13 but was extended through FY15 at the time of the CPS Progress Report. The CPF is informed by the Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) that was circulated to the Board in July 2015. Elections in December 2014 led to the formation of a new Government and this CPF is aligned strategically with the Government Programme 2015-2019, Achieving Meaningful Change, that was presented to Parliament on January 27, 2015. The CPF seeks to maximize over a five-year period the comparative advantages of the World Bank Group (WBG), through packages of innovative public and private financing options based on cutting edge global knowledge and experience. The CPS provided strategic support around the Government of Mauritius' (GoM) four pillars of reform : (i) fiscal consolidation and improving public sector efficiency; (ii) improving trade competitiveness; (iii) improving the business climate; and (iv) democratizing the economy through participation, inclusion and sustainability. The report evaluates the achievements of CPS program outcomes as laid out in the results matrix; assesses the WBG's performance in designing and implementing the CPS program, and draws lessons for the preparation of the forthcoming Country Partnership Framework (CPF). The CPS pillars were relevant and well aligned in addressing Government priorities and country needs. Flexibility in the design of the strategy facilitated rapid response to changing needs and the Bank was able to respond promptly and effectively to unexpected events such as the triple trade shocks, global financial crisis and political transition
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Partnership Frameworks
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The Country Partnership Framework (CPF) for Belize covers the period from July 1, 2017 to June 30, 2022 (FY18-22). It presents the World Bank Group's (WBG) program and the anticipated results framework. It builds on the results and lessons of Belize's first Country Partnership Strategy (CPS) that covered the period FY12-15. This CPF is well aligned with the Government's long-term development vision, Horizon 2030: National Development Framework 2010-2030, and the thematic priorities emerging from the 2016 Belize Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD). The overarching goal of the proposed CPF is to support Belize in strengthening its economic resilience. Recognizing the special characteristics of a small state with associated capacity and absorptive constraints, the CPF proposes a consolidated and focused program. This will be the second full strategy for Belize, with the engagement still maturing, and it factors in lessons from the implementation of the first strategy. Therefore, the CPF will retain flexibility in some elements of the engagement that will be further defined with the Government during implementation. The Performance and Learning Review (PLR) at mid-point will incorporate necessary adjustments including in the Results Framework. The CPF is organized around two focus areas: (a) fostering climate resilience and environmental sustainability; and (b) promoting Financial Inclusion and social resilience. To support these focus areas, the CPF envisages the implementation of a program that could reach up to US
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  • 90
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Nigeria is an entrepreneurial economy with an estimated thirty seven million Micro, Small, and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSME) in the country, and their contribution to economic growth and job creation is significant. There are also a large number of self-employed entrepreneurs who support themselves and their families by supplying goods and services to the economy. Many of these businesses have the potential to become bigger and more prosperous, but their growth is restricted for a variety of reasons. Access to finance has been singled out as a crucial prerequisite to the growth of these businesses. This report identified collateral as the missing link between the small-scale business sector and the financial institutions that could provide the necessary capital for them to grow. This means formal lending is virtually inaccessible for these small businesses and entrepreneurs, who instead rely on informal, unregulated, and unpredictable credit in order to expand their operations. To improve access to finance and promote inclusive economic growth, the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), in partnership with the International Finance Corporation (IFC), a member of the World Bank Group and the largest global development institution focused on the private sector in emerging markets, has established the National Collateral Registry and is supporting the development of a modern credit reporting system in Nigeria. This new financial infrastructure will allow for increased use of moveable and reputational collateral to make it possible for more MSMEs to access financing through the formal sector
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: In recent years, banks in Pakistan and the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region have become increasingly interested in targeting the small and medium enterprise (SME) sector and have realized that many small businesses demand Shariah-compliant banking. To provide clarity on the subject, International Finance Corporation (IFC) commissioned a study to better understand the demand and supply for Islamic banking products (both asset and liability products as well as other banking services) in the SME sector in Pakistan. This report on Pakistan reveals a new to bank Islamic funding and depository opportunity, primarily due to un-served and underserved SMEs (approximately 20 percent to 25 percent), who do not borrow from conventional banks due to religious reasons. In order to reach out to SMEs demanding Islamic products, and as part of IFC's initiative to enhance its SME investment and advisory services offerings to Islamic financial institutions, one needed to better understand the market from both the demand and supply sides in order to identify any gaps or niches where IFC can assist and add value. IFC commissioned a study in nine countries of the MENA region, which includes Pakistan, to better understand the demand and supply for Islamic banking products (both asset and liability products and other banking services) in the SME sector. The countries chosen for this study are: (1) Iraq, (2) Pakistan, (3) Yemen, (4) Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, (5) Egypt, (6) Lebanon, (7) Morocco, (8) Tunisia, and (9) Jordan. This regional executive summary provides a comparative analysis of the SME potential across these countries and the opportunities available to Islamic institutions to tap this potential. The nine individual country reports provide a deeper insight into the SME landscape and potential opportunities for Islamic banks in each country. The reports also highlight the measures that banks may need to take to successfully target the Islamic banking potential of SMEs. For more publications on IFC Sustainability please visit www.ifc.org/sustainabilitypublications
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  • 92
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Solving the liquidity management challenge is one of the next big issues facing mobile money providers around the world. In Kenya, 20 percent of m-pesa customers report that they cannot withdraw money from an m-pesa agent. In 70 percent of those cases, the retail agent did not have sufficient funds. Nonetheless, more than 98 percent of m-pesa customers are happy with the solution. This suggests that even though there are liquidity problems, the customers are willing to look past that - at least for the time being - because of the overall value they perceive from the mobile money solution. Liquidity management takes two forms: management of electronic value in the mobile wallet and cash management. It is becoming more common for electronic liquidity to be handled not only by the retail agents, but also by the master agents. Technology is also being developed to help the master agents and the mobile financial services provider (MFSP) manage liquidity
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Investment Climate Assessment
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This preparatory World Bank paper on tourism and gender explains the rationale for integrating a gender lens into tourism development projects. It also includes a set of resources designed to help development professionals and project managers get started and find necessary data. This paper paves the way for more in-depth operational research and data collection on what works for empowering women in the tourism sector
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 94
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This report, and an accompanying report on thermal and electric energy efficiency, provide a summary of international best practice experience in the cement sector and focus on specific technical measures that can be implemented by cement plants to reduce their operating costs and improve their carbon footprints. The reports provide a plethora of practical information from implemented projects and include detailed technical descriptions, estimates of capital, and operating costs, as well as case studies and references from locations where the measures have been implemented. A combination of general and in-depth information will make these reports a helpful read to both management and technical and operating personnel of cement plants as well as to a larger range of stakeholders
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Energy Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Biomass resources are found almost everywhere and can become a reliable and renewable local energy source to replace fossil fuels. Energy produced from biomass can reduce reliance on an overloaded electricity grid and can replace expensive fuels used in local industries. The International Finance Corporation (IFC) presents this guide as a practical tool to help developers of and investors in biomass projects assess the technical and financial feasibility of the different biomass-to-energy options available to their businesses and industries. This guide describes all the necessary steps in the development of a biomass-to-energy project. Following this introductory chapter, the authors present an overview of the entire project development process, so that project developers have an idea of the overall process they are about to enter. Next, the guide describes biomass resources and how to secure biomass supply. This is followed by several in-depth chapters covering the technology aspects, plant design, plant procurement, construction, and operation. After the more technical aspects, the guide focus on framework conditions, investment costs, financial and economic analysis, and securing financing. Finally, the guide presents potential environmental and social considerations and concludes with a chapter on the lessons learned from implemented biomass-to-energy projects
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Partnership Frameworks
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This Country Partnership Framework (CPF) for Turkey covers the period FY18-21. It is aligned with the objectives of Turkey's 10th Development Plan and is based on the findings of a World Bank Group (WBG) Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) that was finalized in February 2017. The CPF aims to help Turkey to achieve its development objectives through building on the foundations of the existing program and consolidating gains in key areas where the WBG is already active, as well as developing the program further in areas which target the WBG twin goals of reducing extreme poverty and boosting shared prosperity. The CPF puts forward a flexible approach for the WBG's program that is appropriate for a middle-income country of Turkey's size and takes account of the evolving country and regional situation
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Investment Climate Assessment
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The focus of this paper is on sustainable tourism's wider benefits, it is important to acknowledge that there are tradeoffs involved. Like other economic activities, tourism both gives and takes from communities and travelers. When it is poorly planned, tourism can negatively impact cities, parks, and historic monuments, and put severe pressure on local infrastructure, resident communities, and their resources. When properly planned and managed, sustainable tourism can contribute to improved livelihoods, inclusion, cultural heritage and natural resource protection, and promote international understanding. The goal of this paper is to build the case for this type of sustainable and inclusive tourism development. In support of sustainable tourism, United Nations has designated 2017 as the International Year of 'Sustainable Tourism for Development'. Sustainable tourism is identified as a vital component to ensure the achievements of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 8, 12, and 14 and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This makes it an ideal moment to update and reaffirm the evidence case behind tourism as a development tool. UNWTO (the United Nations agency responsible for the promotion of responsible, sustainable and universally accessible tourism) outlines the five pillars of tourism for development shown. Drawing from these pillars, this paper identifies 20 reasons sustainable tourism counts for tourism destinations, people who live there, and travelers. The following reasons are only a starting point for integrating a holistic approach to sustainable tourism into development projects
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  • 98
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Since the early 1990s, the industrial timber plantation (Hutan Tanaman Industri - HTI) scheme has been intended to serve as a major source of timber to meet domestic and export demand. The need to meet a large gap between legal wood supply and demand for forests products has been the recent years as high as 50 million
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 99
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Cement is paramount for economic development and poverty reduction in emerging markets. Along with aggregates and water, cement is the key ingredient in the production of concrete, and, as such, is an essential construction material that enables large infrastructure projects in energy, water, and transport, as well as, importantly, the construction of modern buildings and urban infrastructure. Given the rapid urbanization rates in developing countries, cement is crucial for delivering on the climate-smart cities agenda. Emerging markets have been rapidly increasing their cement use and now account for over ninety percent of cement consumption worldwide. This report and an accompanying report on alternative fuels provide a summary of international best practice experience in the cement sector and focus on specific technical measures that could be implemented by cement plants to reduce their operating costs and improve their carbon footprints. The reports provide a plethora of practical information from implemented projects and include detailed technical descriptions, capital and operating costs, and case studies and references from locations where the measures have been implemented. A combination of general and in-depth information will make these reports a helpful read to both management and technical and operating personnel of cement plants as well as to a larger range of stakeholders
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Women in Development and Gender Study
    Abstract: Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are vital to Vietnam's economic growth, accounting for more than 98 percent of all business, 40 percent of Gross domestic product (GDP), and 50 percent of total employment. The number of SMEs grew by around 100,000 in 2016, encouraged in part by increased government efforts to facilitate new business. Vietnam's women own 95,906 or about 21 percent of formal enterprises. Vietnam has fewer differences between the legal statuses of men and women. However, most banks have yet to consider adopting strategies that cater to women-owned SMEs. Even when women entrepreneurs do qualify for a bank loan, they tend to receive less than what they asked for, and lower amounts than men. This report reframes these and other perceived challenges of serving this segment as an opportunity for banks and other service providers to capture a growing market of savvy businesswomen who seek better services to grow their firms. By recognizing the needs of business women and demonstrating a more nuanced approach to serving them, this report makes the case that championing rather than dismissing women's preferences can in fact make a big difference in terms of customer acquisition and sales volumes over time
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