Evifa-Portal

1

Article

Ethnopharmacological survey on medicinal plants used in herbal drinks among the traditional communities of Pakistan (2016)

Ahmad, Mushtaq ; Khan, Muhammad Pukhtoon Zada ; Mukhtar, Anam ; [et al.]

Associated volumes

In: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs Vol. 184 (2016), p. 154-186

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ISSN: 0378-8741

Language: English

Titel der Quelle: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs

Publ. der Quelle: Shannon : Elsevier Science Ireland

Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 184 (2016), p. 154-186

DDC: 610

Abstract: There is very limited information regarding medicinal plants used by traditional healers in Pakistan, for treating wide-ranging diseases. Current study provides significant ethnopharmacological information, both qualitative and quantitative on medical plants in Pakistan and the pharmacological importance of herbal drinks, especially in the discovery of new drugs. The current ethnomedicinal field study was conducted from various traditional communities of Pakistan to document usage of medicinal plants as herbal drinks. Data was collected through field interviews from local people and using semi-structured questionnaires. Data was analyzed using quantitative indices such as UV (use value), RFC (Relative frequency of citation), and FL (Fidelity level). The present study recorded 217 plant species belonging to 174 genera and 69 families used in herbal drinks preparations. Major herbal preparations include decoctions, infusions and juice. According to use reports, significant species were Aloe vera, Artemisia fragrans, Allium cepa, Senegalia catechu, Alternanthera sessilis, Malva ludwigii, Arnebia benthamii, Cichorium intybus, Coccinia grandis, Dalbergia sissoo. Major ailment treated with herbal drinks include heartburn, fever, diarrhea, hypertension, and others. Use value (UV) varies from 0.23 to 0.02, with Mentha arvensis (0.23) having the highest value of UV followed by Mentha longifolia (0.22), Plantago lanceolate (0.19), Achillea millefolium (0.18), Coriandrum sativum (0.18), Justicia adhatoda and Malva sylvestris (0.17). Values of RFC varies from 0.28 to 0.09 while Fidelity level (FL) among plants varies from 37.5 to 100. Alternanthera sessilis, Oxytropis lapponica, Millettia pinnata and Salvia bucharica had the highest FL value (100). The use of medicinal plants is prevalent in traditional communities of Pakistan. Different herbal preparations are in common practice including various herbal drinks a common tradition and much favoured herbal preparation in terms of its results and regarded as reciprocal to modern drugs. Therefore, suggesting further pharmacological, phytochemical evaluation for essential metabolites and chemical constituents.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.02.039

URL: Volltext

URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874116300824

URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26947900

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OLC Ethnologie

2

Article

Ethnomedicinal uses of plants in the treatment of paediatric geohelminth infections in Kalat district of Northern Balochistan, Pakistan (2016)

Bibi, Tahira ; Ahmad, Mushtaq ; Edwards, Sarah E ; [et al.]

Associated volumes

In: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs Vol. 183 (2016), p. 176-186

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ISSN: 0378-8741

Language: English

Titel der Quelle: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs

Publ. der Quelle: Shannon : Elsevier Science Ireland

Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 183 (2016), p. 176-186

DDC: 610

Abstract: Infection by intestinal parasitic worms (soil-transmitted helminths or geohelminths) is prevalent in many parts of the world, and poses a particular health risk to children. This paper presents findings from a preliminary study with the primary aim to document indigenous knowledge about the use of herbal medicines in the treatment of intestinal worm infections in children among the local communities of Kalat district of northern Balochistan, Pakistan. Ethnomedicinal data were collected through a triangulation approach, that included participant-observation and rapid appraisal methods. Prior-informed consent (PIC) was obtained from participants before conducting structured and semi-structured interviews and delivering an open ended questionnaire. A total of 94 participants, including 28 men (of whom 7 were traditional healers), and 66 women of four different age groups were interviewed. Results were analyzed using quantitative indices of Use Value citations (UVC) and Disease-Consensus Index (DCI). Fewer men than women agreed to be interviewed, thus overall women in the area appeared to have more ethnomedicinal knowledge. The majority of study participants belonged to the older age group (〉55 years). A total of 49 plant species, belonging to 47 genera, distributed in 30 families were reported. The families Asteraceae and Lamiaceae were most frequently represented, with four species each. Trees were the most common life form, with seeds the most frequently cited plant part used (29%). Nearly a third (31%) of plant-based remedies reported in the treatment of intestinal worms were administered as a decoction. The highest UVC and DCI was reported for the species Ferula assa-foetida sL. (UVC 0.51, DCI 0.46). This study provides previously unreported data on the use of medicinal plants in the treatment of geohelminth infections in children of Kalat. Eight species, Acacia modesta Wall., Asparagus capitatus Baker, Microcephala lamellata (Bunge) Pobed., Nepeta praetervisa Rech.f., Plantago ciliata Desf., Pistacia atlantica Desf., Seriphidium quettense (Podlech) Y.R.Ling and Thymus linearis Benth. are reported here as anthelmintics for the first time. Detailed studies on the anthelmintic activity of chemical constituents of these species are lacking from existing literature. Further phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicity studies are required in order to evaluate the efficacy and safety of these newly reported anthelmintic species. These plants may provide a source of novel anthelmintic drug leads, which are urgently required due to the problem of global anthelmintic resistance.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.02.029

URL: Volltext

URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874116300745

URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26927703

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OLC Ethnologie

3

Article

Ethnobotany of medicinal plants among the communities of Alpine and Sub-alpine regions of Pakistan (2015)

Kayani, Sadaf ; Ahmad, Mushtaq ; Sultana, Shazia ; [et al.]

Associated volumes

In: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs Vol. 164 (2015), p. 186-202

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ISSN: 0378-8741

Language: English

Titel der Quelle: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs

Publ. der Quelle: Shannon : Elsevier Science Ireland

Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 164 (2015), p. 186-202

DDC: 610

Abstract: To best of our knowledge it is first quantitative ethno-botanical study from Alpine and Sub-alpine, Western Himalaya of Pakistan. The study aims to report, compare the uses and highlight the ethno-botanical significance of medicinal plants for treatment of various diseases. A total of 290 (278 males and 12 females) informants including 14 Local Traditional Healers (LTHs) were interviewed. Information was collected using semi-structured interviews, analyzed and compared by quantitative ethno-botanical indices such as Informant Consensus Factor (ICF), Relative frequency of citation (RFC), use value (UV), Fidelity Level (FL) and Jaccard index (JI). A total of 125 plant species (Gymnosperms 7 species, Monocotyledons 2 and 116 Di-cotyledons) belonging to 41 families are collected, identified and ethno-botanically assessed. The most dominant family is Ranunculaceae (20 species) followed by Rosaceae (14 species). In diseases treated, gastrointestinal tract (GIT) diseases have highest proportion (27.5%) followed by respiratory diseases (20%) in the mountain communities. The most dominant life form of plants used is herbs (78%) followed by shrubs (19%) while the most commonly used plant parts are leaves (44 reports) followed by underground part, the roots (37 reports). The highest ICF (0.68) is found for ear, nose and eye disease category followed by respiratory disorders (0.46). There are 15 medicinal plants having 100% FL. Use value (UV) and Relative frequency of citation (RFC) range from 0.03 to 0.53 and 0.04 to 0.23 respectively. In comparison, maximum similarity index is found in the studies with JI 19.52 followed by 17.39. Similarity percentage of plant uses range from 1.69% to 19.52% while dissimilarity percentage varies from 0% to 20%. The Alpine and Sub-alpine regions of Pakistan are rich in medicinal plants and still need more research exploration. On the other hand, ethno-botanical knowledge in study areas is decreasing day by day due to high emigration rates resulting from after effects of wars during the last few decades. Historically developed ethno-botanical heritage should be preserved and promoted on global level for analyzing phytochemical, pharmaceutical and other biological activities for future drug discovery.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.02.004

URL: Volltext

URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25680839

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OLC Ethnologie

4

Article

The endemic medicinal plants of Northern Balochistan, Pakistan and their uses in traditional medicine (2015)

Bibi, Tahira ; Ahmad, Mushtaq ; Mohammad Tareen, Niaz ; [et al.]

Associated volumes

In: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs Vol. 173 (2015), p. 1-10

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ISSN: 0378-8741

Language: English

Titel der Quelle: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs

Publ. der Quelle: Shannon : Elsevier Science Ireland

Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 173 (2015), p. 1-10

DDC: 610

Abstract: The highlands of Northern Balochistan are the hot spots of medicinal and endemic plant in Pakistan. These plants are still commonly used for medicinal purposes by local people in their daily lives. This study first documented the information about the medicinal uses of endemic species of Balochistan-province Pakistan. A survey was performed using open ended questionnaires, free listening and personal observations with 152 informants (54% female, 46% male). In addition, the use value (MUV), use report (UR), fidelity level (FL), frequency citation (FC), relative frequency citation (RFC), family importance value (FIV) of species were determined and the informant consensus factor (ICF) was calculated for the medicinal plants included in the study. A total of 24 endemic plants belonging to 19 genera and 14 families were used by the local inhabitants to treat 12 categories of various diseases. The most common families of endemic plant species as depicted by its number of species (6 species) and FIV (9.9) was Fabaceae as the dominant family. The endemic plant species comprised perennial herbs (30%), annual herbs (25%), shrubs (29%) and under shrubs (16% each), no endemic tree species was reported in the study area. The highest number of species were used in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases (12 species). The main route of administration is oral injection (62%) while the most frequently used form of external administration of herbal medicine was paste (5.4%) and the most commonly applied methods of preparation are powder (48.2%). Highest use report were calculated for Allium baluchistanicum and Viola makranica, (8 UR each), and least use report were calculated for two species Heliotropium remotiflorum and Tetracme stocksii (1 UR for each). Use values of the recorded plant species have been calculated which showed a highest use value of (0.73) for A. baluchistanicum and (0.56) for Berberis baluchistanica while the lowest UVs were attained for T. stocksii (0.13). Highest RFC value were calculated for Achillea millefolium (0.19) and least RFC were calculated for Blepharis sindica (0.02). The endemic species with 100% fidelity level was calculated for two plant species i.e. Seriphidium quettense and B. baluchistanica. The Balochistan is rich in endemic and other medicinal plants, still needs more exploration and study. Thus, it is important to document and reconstitute the remainders of the ancient medical practices which exist in Balochistan and other areas of the world, and preserve this knowledge for future generations. The endemic species which are used in traditional medicine in the region lacks phototherapeutic evidence. It is necessary to perform phytochemical or pharmacological studies to explore the potential of plants used for medicinal purposes. Overgrazing, urbanization and unsustainable harvesting of such rare and endemic medicinal plants in this region is facing severe threats of extinction. It is thus recommended that cultivation techniques be formulated, especially for the most important endemic plant medicinal species of the region.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.06.050

URL: Volltext

URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26187276

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OLC Ethnologie

5

Article

Ethnomedicinal uses of Edible Wild Fruits (EWFs) in Swat Valley, Northern Pakistan (2015)

Khan, Muhammad Pukhtoon Zada ; Ahmad, Mushtaq ; Zafar, Muhammad ; [et al.]

Associated volumes

In: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs Vol. 173 (2015), p. 191-203

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ISSN: 0378-8741

Language: English

Titel der Quelle: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs

Publ. der Quelle: Shannon : Elsevier Science Ireland

Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 173 (2015), p. 191-203

DDC: 610

Abstract: This study documents the ethno-pharmacological importance of Edible Wild Fruits (EWFs) resource in the wild floral emporium of Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Northern Pakistan. This is imitated in the great diversity of plants used for medicinal purposes as well as in their wide range of therapeutic applications. Ethnomedicinal data was collected through semi-structured and open ended interviews, questionnaires, field surveys and local gatherings. Use value (UV), Relative importance (RI), Relative frequency of citation (RFC), Informant consensus factor (ICF) and Family importance value (FIV) was calculated to elaborate the EWFs, their families, disease treated and significant fruit species based on use reports by informants. A total of 47 species of EWFs belonging to 32 genera and 23 families were reported to be used in traditional medicines. Family Rosaceae dominated with 26% species followed by Moraceae (12%) and Rhamnaceae (10%), with mostly tree type of growth form (55%). The most consumed part of plants was fruit (72%) followed by leaves (21%). Decoction (26%) and unprocessed fruit (24%) were the major modes of crude drug preparation. The Informant consensus factor (ICF) of Joint/body aches was the highest followed by digestive disorders. Use value index of Vitis vinifera (3.8), being the highest, followed by Malus pumila (2) and Vitis parvifolia (2). The tradition of using EWFs in treating ailments is a common practice among the tribal communities, depending on the socio-economic conditions of the people. The multiple uses of these EWFs suggest further investigation regarding phytochemical analysis and pharmaceutical applications.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.07.029

URL: Volltext

URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26209297

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OLC Ethnologie

6

Article

Traditional management of diabetes in Pakistan: Ethnobotanical investigation from Traditional Health Practitioners (2015)

Yaseen, Ghulam ; Ahmad, Mushtaq ; Zafar, Muhammad ; [et al.]

Associated volumes

In: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs Vol. 174 (2015), p. 91

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ISSN: 0378-8741

Language: English

Titel der Quelle: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs

Publ. der Quelle: Shannon : Elsevier Science Ireland

Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 174 (2015), p. 91

DDC: 610

Abstract: The uses of anti-diabetic plants are well anchored in the traditional health care system of Pakistan. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first ethno-botanical study about the uses of plants for the treatment of diabetes. The aim of the study is to record indigenous knowledge on anti-diabetic plants from Traditional Health Practitioners (THPs) and diabetic patients. In addition, it is aimed to ascertain and validate the traditional uses of anti-diabetic plants by citing pharmacological activities and phytochemical constitutes from previously published literature. The ethno-medicinal data was documented during 14 field surveys, each comprising of 10 days, from 3 regions of Pakistan (Islamabad, Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa and Deserts of Sindh). In total, 113 THPs and 44 diabetic patients were interviewed using open-ended and semi-structured questionnaires. Quantitative indices, including Relative Frequency of Citation percentage (RFC %) and Disease Consensus Index (DCI) were calculated. The documented data is authenticated by comparing with 28 published articles on ethno-botanical aspects and many pharmacological studies. In total, 120 plant species belonging to 50 families were reported. The ethno-botanical results indicated that Moraceae (11 species); herb (56 reports) is dominant life form; the leaves (56 reports) are the most used plant part and decoction (24%) is the preferred mode of preparation. The quantitative analysis shows that RFC% ranges from 14 to 42 and DCI varies from 0.15 to 0.74. By comparing to previous studies, 64 species are reported new in traditional treatment of DM; 40 species are new to pharmacological evidence and 3 species are new to phytochemical studies. This study recoded the significant indigenous knowledge about anti-diabetic plants among the THPs and diabetic patients in Pakistan. This type of ethno-botanical knowledge on traditional use of anti-diabetic plants is an important step in designing detailed pharmacological and clinical trials for Diabetes Miletus treatment. It is recommended that further pharmacological and phytochemical analysis should be conducted on those species which lack previous references in literature and have highest Frequency of Citation (FC), Disease Consensus Index (DCI) and Relative Frequency of Citation percentage (RFC%).

URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26231447

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OLC Ethnologie

7

Article

Ethnopharmacological documentation of medicinal plants used for hypertension among the local communities of DIR Lower, Pakistan (2015)

Ahmad, Latif ; Semotiuk, Andrew ; Zafar, Muhammad ; [et al.]

Associated volumes

In: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs Vol. 175 (2015), p. 138-146

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ISSN: 0378-8741

Language: English

Titel der Quelle: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs

Publ. der Quelle: Shannon : Elsevier Science Ireland

Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 175 (2015), p. 138-146

DDC: 610

Abstract: Local communities of the Dir Lower district in Northwest Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan rely on botanical anti-hypertensive preparations. Insights into the traditional uses of local flora can direct investigation into phytochemical screening. This ethnobotanical study aims to identify plant species and recipes used by the local people for the treatment of hypertension in the district of Dir Lower. Inquiries and interviews were carried out from November 2012 to December 2013 from local herbalist and indigenous communities including village elders. A total of 46 plant species (43 genera and 29 botanical families) used by local people of study area to treat hypertension. Family Lamiaceae dominated with the highest percentage 15.21% (7 species). With respect to growth form, herbs constituted (63.05%), shrubs (30.43%) and trees (6.52%). Leaves (37.25%) were the most frequently used part in herbal preparations. The major mode of preparation was decoction (46.66%) and almost all recipes were orally administered. Use values (UV) revealed that the most preferred species for the treatment of hypertension by the indigenous community are Paeonia emodi Wall. ex Royle., followed by Sarcococca saligna (D. Don) Muell. Arg., Fumaria indica (Hausskn.) Pugsley and Teucrium stocksianum Boiss. Amongst the 46 medicinal plants, antihypertensive activity of 16 plants included Artemisia vulgiris L., Artemisia annua L., Sisymbrium brassiciforme C. A. Mey., T. stocksianum Boiss, Cichorium intybus L., Rosa brunonii Lindl., Chenopodium botrys L., Olea ferruginea Royle, Cotoneaster acuminatus Lindl, S. saligna (D. Don) Muell. Arg., Viola canescens Wall. ex Roxb, P. emodi Wall. ex Royle, Asparagus gracilis Royle, Maytenus royleanus (Wall. ex Lawson), Allium jacquemontii Kunth and Onosma hispidum Wall has not been reported previously in the scientific literature. Dir lower is a rich and biodiverse area of medicinal plant. The large number of plant species used for hypertension in this area shows the importance of herbal medicine in the primary health care of this remote area. In future studies, the plant should be further screened for phytochemical and new medicinal properties.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.09.014

URL: Volltext

URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26392329

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OLC Ethnologie

8

Article

Ethnoveterinary medicinal plant knowledge and practice among the tribal communities of Thakht-e-Sulaiman hills, west Pakistan (2015)

Ahmad, Khalid ; Ahmad, Mushtaq ; Weckerle, Caroline

Associated volumes

In: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs Vol. 170 (2015), p. 275-283

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ISSN: 0378-8741

Language: English

Titel der Quelle: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs

Publ. der Quelle: Shannon : Elsevier Science Ireland

Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 170 (2015), p. 275-283

DDC: 610

Abstract: Pastoralist tribal communities inhabit Thakht-e-Sulaiman hills since centuries. In this remote and geographically isolated area, local people mainly rely on their natural environment for ethnoveterinary care. The area is therefore of special interest for the documentation and analysis of ethnoveterinary plant use and efficacy. Field work was conducted from 2010-2012 and 86 informants were interviewed. First, detailed unstructured interviews and group discussions were done with key informants, and second, successive oral freelisting and semi-structured interviews were performed. The veterinary diseases as described by the informants were categorized according to the symptoms they cause and the organs they affect. Information on the cited plants, informant consensus factor (ICF) and fidelity level (FL) were calculated based on use reports. A total of 22 ethnoveterinary medicinal plant species, belonging to 21 genera and 20 families with 559 use reports were recorded from two different ecological zones. More species were documented from the foothills but total use reports were higher for mountain species. Mainly leaves are used to prepare decoctions which are administered orally. Most use reports concerned skeleto-muscular problems followed by gastrointestinal ailments, but ritual uses and dermatological illnesses got highest ICF. Most often cited species were Pinus gerardina, P. wallichiana and Daphne papyracea while highest FL was obtained for Salix tetrasperma, Berberis calliobotrys and Litsea monopetala. Interestingly, 50% of the species have the same or similar use for humans. According to the local people, the most often mentioned species have high medicinal potential. They show a wide acceptance, broad application, multiple ways of preparation and administration. There is a need to conserve the knowledge of medicinal plant use in the Thakht-e-Sulaiman hills for future generations and to incorporate it into existing livestock health care services.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.05.022

URL: Volltext

URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26002769

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OLC Ethnologie

9

Article

Ethnobotanical survey of medicinally important shrubs and trees of Himalayan region of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan (2015)

Rashid, Sofia ; Ahmad, Mushtaq ; Zafar, Muhammad ; [et al.]

Associated volumes

In: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs Vol. 166 (2015), p. 340-351

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ISSN: 0378-8741

Language: English

Titel der Quelle: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs

Publ. der Quelle: Shannon : Elsevier Science Ireland

Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 166 (2015), p. 340-351

DDC: 610

Abstract: Present study was commenced with an aim to document the indigenous knowledge of medicinally important shrubs and trees of Himalayan region of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. This is the first contribution to the quantitative ethnobotany of this region, as no reported data focusing on shrubs and trees from the area have been published. Study reported the ethnobotanical significance of medicinal plants for the treatment of various diseases. Study was conducted during 2012-2014 following standard ethnobotanical methods. The ethnomedicinal data was collected through informed consent semi- structured interviews of 160 key informants. Documented data was analyzed by using quantitative indices of informant consensus factor (ICF), fidelity level (FL), use value (UV) and relative frequency citation (RFC). A total of 73 shrub and tree species belonging to 56 genera and 37 families were reported to be used ethnomedicinally for the treatment of various ailments. Medicinal plant diversity showed that Rosaceae was dominating family with (9 spp.) followed by Moraceae (7 spp.), Euphorbiaceae, Mimosaceae, Pinaceae, Rhamnaceae (4 spp. each), Oleaceae (3 spp.), Apocynaceae, Caesalpinaceae, Ebenaceae, Fagaceae, Lythraceae, Papilionaceae, Acanthaceae, Verbenaceae (2 spp. each) while remaining 22 families were represented by one species each. Leaves (23%) were highly utilized plant parts, followed by fruits (22%), bark (18%), seeds (10%), roots (9%), flowers (8%), whole plant and aerial parts (4% each) and stem (2%). Modes of preparation fall into 14 categories including powder (33 reports) followed by decoction (29 reports), paste (22 reports), juice (18 reports), infusion (12 reports), raw (8 reports), extract and latex (5 reports each), gum and oil (4 reports each), fresh part and pulp (2 reports each), chewed and cooked (1 report each). The highest FIC was recorded for Gastro-intestinal disorders (0.58) followed by nail, skin and hair disorders (0.44). Maximum fidelity level (FL=100%) was expressed by Abies pindrow, Adhatoda vasica, Bauhinia variegata and Cedrela serrata. Based on use value Juglans regia (0.88) was found most significant species followed by Acacia nilotica (0.83), Phyllanthus emblica (0.81), Pinus roxburghii (0.75) and Punica granatum (0.71). The area has a rich diversity of medicinally important shrub and tree species. The tradition of using plants for medicinal purposes is still alive in the local community but recently this tradition is gradually declining in new generation. Therefore awareness is needed to be raised among the local people on sustainable use and conservation of local flora.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.03.042

URL: Volltext

URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25814319

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OLC Ethnologie

10

Article

Ethnobotany of medicinal plants in the Thar Desert (Sindh) of Pakistan (2015)

Yaseen, Ghulam ; Ahmad, Mushtaq ; Sultana, Shazia ; [et al.]

Associated volumes

In: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs Vol. 163 (2015), p. 43-59

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ISSN: 0378-8741

Language: English

Titel der Quelle: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs

Publ. der Quelle: Shannon : Elsevier Science Ireland

Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 163 (2015), p. 43-59

DDC: 610

Abstract: The traditional use of medicinal plants in health-care practices among the rural communities provides the basis for natural drug discovery development. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first quantitative ethnobotanical investigation on the use of medicinal plants in the Thar Desert (Sindh) of Pakistan. In total, 530 local informants and traditional healers were interviewed, using semistructured interviews. Various quantitative indices such as relative frequency of citation (RFC), use value (UV), informant consensus factor (ICF), fidelity level (FL), relative importance (RI), and the Jaccard Index (JI) were applied to the documented data. The traditional medical uses of 87 plant species belonging to 32 families were reported on. Amaranthaceae was the most-frequently cited (nine species), followed by Cucurbitaceae and Euphorbiaceae (six species each). The most dominant life form was herbs (73.56%). The most-used plant parts were leaves, with 65 reports (28.88%), followed by seeds (16%). The common mode of preparation reported was powder (25.75%), with 74% herbal medicines obtained from fresh plant materials. The ethnobotanical result documented in this study provides practical evidence about the use of medicinal plants among the inhabitants of the Thar Desert. Further, the findings revealed that the medicinal plants of the area are a major source of herbal drugs for primary health care used among the rural communities. This survey can be used as baseline information for further scientific investigation to develop new plant-based commercial drugs.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.12.053

URL: Volltext

URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25617748

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OLC Ethnologie

11

Article

Traditional preference of Wild Edible Fruits (WEFs) for digestive disorders (DDs) among the indigenous communities of Swat Valley-Pakistan (2015)

Khan, Muhammad Pukhtoon Zada ; Ahmad, Mushtaq

Associated volumes

In: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs Vol. 174 (2015), p. 339

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ISSN: 0378-8741

Language: English

Titel der Quelle: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs

Publ. der Quelle: Shannon : Elsevier Science Ireland

Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 174 (2015), p. 339

DDC: 610

Abstract: Digestive disorders (DDs) causes indisposition and lead to death, especially in the underdeveloped world where hygienic conditions are scarce. A major proportion of the human populace depends on the use of traditional knowledge about the consumption of medicinal plants for many diseases, including DDs. The contemporary study summarizes the indigenous uses of Wild Edible Fruits (WEFs) of Swat Valley used for DDs and to evaluate the bio-efficacy of these pharmacologically essential fruit species from the available literature. An ethnomedicinal study was conducted in Swat valley, Northern Pakistan. Data was collected through field assessment as well as from traditional healers and local people by means of personal interviews and semi-structured questionnaires, giving value to both rural and urban communities. The ethnomedicinal knowledge was quantitatively analysed using various indices like Familiarity Index (FI), Consensus index (CI), Informant consensus factor (ICF) and the present data was compared with previous studies in the neighbouring areas using Jaccard similarity coefficient (JI). The present study recorded use reports on 53 WEFs of ethnomedicinal prominence in the treatment of DDs, belonging to 23 families. The recurrent growth forms were trees (51%) shrubs (38%) and herbs (11%). High consumption of fruits (50%), leaves (27%) and flowers (12%) was recorded. The traditional preparations were mostly in the form of unprocessed dried/fresh, powder, Juice and decoction and were usually taken orally. Almost 20-30% of the plants occurred in synanthropic vegetation while more than 75% were found in natural woodland and grassland vegetation. Family Berberidaceae dominated with highest FIV (41) followed by Punicaceae (38), Oxalidaceae (36) and Moraceae (35). ICF values for carminative (0.6) showed high consensus factor followed by anthelmintic, gastroenteritis and intestinal disorders (0.5). FI value is high for Berberis lycium (0.5), Morus alba (0.5), Morus nigra (0.5) followed by Olea ferruginea (0.45). B. lycium had the high consensus index, whereas, a study conducted on Lesser Himalayas Pakistan showed high value of Jaccard similarity coefficient. WEFs are predominantly used in the treatment of various diseases in the valley and traditional knowledge about the use of these species against DDs is still prevailing. Multiple uses of these WEFs suggest further investigation into its phytochemical, toxicological and pharmaceutical potential. This study will serve as a baseline data for future pharmacological studies.

URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26307359

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