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  • 2020-2024  (107)
  • 2020  (107)
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  • 1
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Paris : OECD ; Ed. 30.2006 -
    ISSN: 1995-3968 , 1999-124X , 1999-124X
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: Ed. 30.2006 -
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. International migration outlook ...
    Parallel Title: Dt. Ausg. Internationaler Migrationsausblick
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. ---〉 Perspectives des migrations internationales
    Former Title: Vorg. Trends in international migration
    Former Title: annual report ...
    Former Title: SOPEMI
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Internationale Migration ; Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Zeitschrift ; Bericht ; Internationale Migration ; Trend ; Internationale Migration ; Internationale Migration ; Trend
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  • 2
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Paris : OECD ; Ed. 30.2006 -
    ISSN: 1995-3968 , 1999-124X , 1999-124X
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: Ed. 30.2006 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als International migration outlook ...
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Internationaler Migrationsausblick
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Franz. Ausg. ---〉 Perspectives des migrations internationales
    Former Title: Vorg. Trends in international migration
    Former Title: annual report ...
    Former Title: SOPEMI
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Internationale Migration ; Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Emigration and immigration Statistics ; Periodicals ; Alien labor Statistics ; Periodicals ; Emigration and Immigration ; Demography ; Economics ; Annual Reports ; Internationale Migration ; Internationale Prozesse und Tendenzen Internationale Migration ; Einwanderung/Einwanderer ; Auswanderung/Auswanderer ; Wirkung/Auswirkung ; Wirtschaftliche Entwicklung ; Bisherige Entwicklung, gegenwärtige Lage ; Länderbericht ; OECD countries Statistics Emigration and immigration ; Periodicals ; Graue Literatur ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Bericht ; Internationale Migration ; Trend
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  • 3
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Paris : OECD ; Ed. 30.2006 -
    ISSN: 1995-3968 , ISSN 1999-124X , ISSN 1999-124X
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: Ed. 30.2006 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als International migration outlook ...
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Internationaler Migrationsausblick
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Franz. Ausg. ---〉 Perspectives des migrations internationales
    Former Title: Vorg. Trends in international migration
    Former Title: annual report ...
    Former Title: SOPEMI
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Internationale Migration ; Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Emigration and immigration Statistics ; Periodicals ; Alien labor Statistics ; Periodicals ; Emigration and Immigration ; Demography ; Economics ; Annual Reports ; Internationale Migration ; Internationale Prozesse und Tendenzen Internationale Migration ; Einwanderung/Einwanderer ; Auswanderung/Auswanderer ; Wirkung/Auswirkung ; Wirtschaftliche Entwicklung ; Bisherige Entwicklung, gegenwärtige Lage ; Länderbericht ; OECD countries Statistics Emigration and immigration ; Periodicals ; Graue Literatur ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Bericht ; Internationale Migration ; Trend
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  • 4
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Paris : OECD ; Ed. 30.2006 -
    ISSN: 1995-3968 , 1999-124X , 1999-124X
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: Ed. 30.2006 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als International migration outlook ...
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Internationaler Migrationsausblick
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Franz. Ausg. ---〉 Perspectives des migrations internationales
    Former Title: Vorg. Trends in international migration
    Former Title: annual report ...
    Former Title: SOPEMI
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Internationale Migration ; Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Emigration and immigration Statistics ; Periodicals ; Alien labor Statistics ; Periodicals ; Emigration and Immigration ; Demography ; Economics ; Annual Reports ; Internationale Migration ; Internationale Prozesse und Tendenzen Internationale Migration ; Einwanderung/Einwanderer ; Auswanderung/Auswanderer ; Wirkung/Auswirkung ; Wirtschaftliche Entwicklung ; Bisherige Entwicklung, gegenwärtige Lage ; Länderbericht ; OECD countries Statistics Emigration and immigration ; Periodicals ; Graue Literatur ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Bericht ; Internationale Migration ; Trend
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264546844 , 9789264314979 , 9789264550681
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (72 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Digital government in Mexico
    Keywords: E-Government ; Mexiko ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Mexico
    Abstract: Digital Government in Mexico discusses and assesses the efforts of the Mexican Government to build a stronger system of digital government under the Coordination of the National Digital Strategy of the Office of the President. It presents the key policy actions, achievements and co-ordination challenges, and looks at how policy objectives are implemented. The study examines the main initiatives for promoting digital inclusion, reinforcing public sector capacity, and achieving efficient public service design and delivery. This report also assesses the state of data governance, open government data and its strategic use, and the sharing of public sector data both within and beyond the public sector.
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9789264878129 , 9789264360266 , 9789264358157
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (150 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Fiscal Federalism Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ageing and fiscal challenges across levels of government
    Keywords: Alternde Bevölkerung ; Finanzbeziehungen ; OECD-Staaten ; Deutschland ; China ; Brasilien ; Kanada ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Taxation ; Brazil ; Canada ; China, People’s Republic ; Germany ; Aufsatzsammlung ; OECD ; Deutschland ; China ; Brasilien ; Kanada ; Altersstruktur ; Finanzpolitik
    Abstract: Populations in OECD and emerging economies are ageing rapidly, which will have significant macroeconomic impacts, including on public expenditures and tax revenues. The rules and practices that govern fiscal relations among different levels of government, such as their responsibilities for taxation, spending and debt management, have a bearing on economic efficiency and ultimately growth. The consequences of population ageing at subnational government levels are especially intense. Many local governments are vulnerable to the ageing of their populations from a fiscal perspective. The economic and fiscal challenges of an ageing population go beyond intergovernmental boundaries, and they require complex intergovernmental policy responses. This volume brings together cross-country studies of fiscal policy, demographics and spatial productivity, as well as country studies of Brazil, Canada, China and Germany.
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264730380 , 9789264673489 , 9789264742451
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (196 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe The Path to Becoming a Data-Driven Public Sector
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Denmark ; Ireland ; Korea, Democratic People's Republic of ; Portugal ; Sweden ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: Les gouvernements du XXIe siècle doivent suivre l'évolution des attentes de leurs citoyens et tenir les promesses de l'ère numérique. Les approches basées sur les données sont particulièrement efficaces pour répondre à ces attentes et repenser la manière dont les gouvernements et les citoyens interagissent. Ce rapport souligne le rôle important que les données peuvent jouer dans la création de conditions améliorant les services publics, augmentant l'efficacité des dépenses publiques et éclairant les considérations éthiques et de confidentialité. Il présente un cadre du secteur public fondé sur les données pouvant aider les pays ou les organisations à évaluer les éléments nécessaires à l'utilisation des données afin de prendre des décisions mieux informées dans tous les secteurs publics.
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264341371 , 9789264501775 , 9789264427259
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (182 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The digitalisation of science, technology and innovation
    Keywords: Education ; Environment ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Digitale Revolution ; Elektronisches Publizieren ; Forschungspolitik
    Abstract: This report examines digitalisation’s effects on science, technology and innovation and the associated consequences for policy. In varied and far-reaching ways, digital technologies are changing how scientists work, collaborate and publish. While examining these developments, this book also assesses the effects of digitalisation on longstanding policy themes, from access to publicly funded research data, to the diffusion of technology and its absorption by firms. New and emerging topics are also explored. These include the roles of artificial intelligence and blockchain in science and production, using digital technology to draw on the collective intelligence of the scientific community, advances in the digitalisation of biotechnology, and possible "dark sides" of digitalisation.
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264932555 , 9789264665378 , 9789264406629
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (256 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Avaliação da OCDE sobre Telecomunicações e Radiodifusão no Brasil 2020
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Brazil
    Abstract: Connectivity is the backbone of the digital transformation, and as such, policies and regulatory measures that foster access to high-quality communication services at competitive prices are key. This review provides a comprehensive examination of Brazil’s communication and broadcasting sectors, highlighting areas for regulatory and policy reform that can help ensure a successful and inclusive digital transformation. It analyses market performance of the communication and broadcasting sectors, as well as underlying policies and regulations. Based on its findings, the report recommends actions in five key areas: improving the policy and regulatory framework; overhauling the taxation, fees and tariff framework; improving market conditions; fostering competition in communication and broadcasting markets; and strengthening national policies and evidence-based policy making. These areas should be addressed simultaneously, in order to ensure a holistic approach to reform.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264532977 , 9789264797888 , 9789264623293
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (280 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD ရင်းနှီးမြှုပ်နှံမှုမူဝါဒလေ့လာသုံးသပ်ချက် - မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ ၂၀၂၀
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD investment policy reviews
    Keywords: 2020 ; Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Myanmar ; Finance and Investment ; Myanmar ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Myanmar ; Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionslenkung ; Staatliche Investitionspolitik
    Abstract: Only six years sets this second OECD Investment Policy Reviews: Myanmar apart from the first review published in 2014, but much progress has occurred in investment policies and related areas in Myanmar in the interim. Nonetheless, the reform momentum needs to be sustained and deepened for the benefits of recent investment climate reforms to be shared widely and for growth to be environmentally sustainable, ultimately contributing toward the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This second review takes stock of recent achievements and assesses remaining challenges in selected policy areas for nurturing an enabling responsible business environment and ensuring benefits are shared with society at large. It places strong emphasis on impact and on how foreign investment can help Myanmar achieve the SDGs and improve the lives of the people of Myanmar.
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  • 11
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (68 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Papers no.2020/08
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Italy
    Abstract: This paper offers an in-depth analysis of the characteristics of innovative start-up firms in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, an autonomous region situated at the extreme North East of the Italian territory, bordering with Austria and Slovenia. This work is part of a series of thematic papers on sub-national start-up landscapes in Italy, produced by the OECD Trento Centre for Local Development. Following the 2018 OECD Evaluation of the Italian Start-up Act, which embraced a national perspective, it represents a first attempt to analyse the impact of this policy at the local level. Friuli-Venezia Giulia hosts a polycentric, mainly urban start-up landscape, with a low prevalence of female and young founders. Its historical sub-regions of Friuli and Venezia Giulia present remarkable differences under several perspectives, including the industrial composition of their start-ups, the spread of emerging technologies among them and their propensity to use national incentives. Firm dynamism, notably high-growth and exit trends, constitutes another major focus of this work, which concludes with a set of evidence-based recommendations for policy-makers.
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Pour soutenir la lutte contre le COVID 19, une meilleure harmonisation des réglementations relatives aux essais cliniques s’impose
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: This brief discusses the existing obstacles in developing international clinical trials that are critical to fight the COVID-19 pandemic. It provides information on relevant adaptations of regulatory requirements for clinical trials, intended to accelerate the processes, and highlights the need to harmonise further these regulations between national regulatory authorities. To this end, this brief describes the existing OECD Recommendation on the Governance of Clinical Trials issued in 2012 and how its implementation could greatly facilitate and streamline the registration and conduct of international clinical trials.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (8 p.)
    Series Statement: Medidas políticas clave de la OCDE ante el coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Le COVID-19 et le secteur de l’aviation: Impact et mesures adoptées par les pouvoirs publics
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe COVID-19 and the aviation industry: Impact and policy responses
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: La drástica caída de la demanda de transporte aéreo de pasajeros (y de carga, aunque en menor grado) debido a la pandemia de COVID-19 y las medidas de contención es una amenaza para la viabilidad de muchas empresas tanto en el sector del transporte aéreo como en el resto de la industria aérea, que pone en peligro a muchos empleos. Si bien la industria aérea a menudo ha sido el centro de interés de las políticas gubernamentales, la crisis de COVID-19 precipitó un nuevo conjunto de préstamos, garantías de préstamos, subsidios salariales e inyecciones de capital y suscitó inquietudes por la competencia en el mercado y el uso eficiente de los recursos públicos. Para promover una trayectoria sostenible para la industria aérea, las políticas gubernamentales tendrán que priorizar las medidas para todo el sector y la competencia.
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  • 14
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (29 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Productivity gains from teleworking in the post COVID-19 era: How can public policies make it happen?
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 新型コロナウィルス収束後にテレワークがもたらす生産性向上: 実現に向けた公共政策の役割
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: La crise sanitaire et économique déclenchée par la pandémie de COVID-19 et les mesures d’éloignement physique qu’elle a rendues nécessaires obligent de nombreuses entreprises à pratiquer le télétravail (c’est-à-dire le travail depuis le domicile) à grande échelle. Cette contrainte pourrait déboucher sur une mise en œuvre plus généralisée du télétravail après la crise, qui produira d’amples répercussions et dont l’effet net sur la productivité et d’autres indicateurs est incertain. Les politiques publiques et la coopération entre les partenaires sociaux seront essentielles pour faire en sorte que les méthodes de travail innovantes, efficientes et aptes à améliorer le bien-être apparues pendant la crise puissent être maintenues et développées après la levée des mesures d’éloignement physique. Pour maximiser l'impact positif d’un recours accru au télétravail sur la productivité et le bien-être, les pouvoirs publics doivent encourager les investissements dans la capacité physique et managériale des entreprises et de leurs employés à pratiquer le télétravail et répondre aux risques que pourrait entraîner la réduction d’échelle excessive des espaces de travail en particulier pour le bien-être des employés et l’innovation à long terme.
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (5 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Prestar asesoramiento científico a los responsables de la formulación de políticas durante la pandemia de COVID-19
    Keywords: Coronavirus ; Politikberatung ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: It is critically important for scientists and policy makers to work together to develop and implement policies that have the greatest likelihood of success in responding to the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak. This is particularly challenging in a situation where much of the evidence is uncertain and is evolving rapidly. Science advisory processes are organised differently in different countries but they invariably engage a variety of institutions, committees and individuals to assess and provide evidence to policy makers.
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  • 16
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Greater harmonisation of clinical trial regulations would help the fight against COVID-19
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Ce document de synthèse porte sur les obstacles rencontrés dans la mise en place d’essais cliniques internationaux, lesquels sont essentiels dans la lutte contre la pandémie de COVID‑19. Il fournit des informations sur les adaptations qu’il conviendrait d’apporter aux exigences réglementaires pour accélérer les processus et souligne la nécessité d’harmoniser davantage les réglementations entre les différentes autorités de régulation nationales. À cette fin, la présente note s’appuie sur la Recommandation de l’OCDE relative à la gouvernance des essais cliniques publiée en 2012 et explique en quoi sa mise en œuvre pourrait sensiblement faciliter et rationaliser l’enregistrement et la conduite des essais cliniques internationaux.
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (7 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Siete lecciones aprendidas sobre seguridad digital durante la crisis de COVID-19
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: This policy brief discusses key digital security policy issues that have emerged during the COVID-19 crisis, based on input shared by delegations to the OECD Working Party on Security in the Digital Economy (SDE) during the initial peak of the crisis. It distils lessons for organisations and policy makers, highlighting the urgent need for 1) ongoing efforts by public and private organisations to manage digital security risk during crises with flexible and agile processes; 2) significant efforts to strengthen digital security in the health care sector and for small businesses; and 3) nurturing a multi-stakeholder digital security ecosystem on an ongoing basis to enable information sharing in exceptional circumstances. This note should be read in conjunction with the policy brief on dealing with digital security risk during the COVID-19 crisis, published in April 2020, which focused on how threat actors had adapted to the crisis, the responses of governments, and recommendations for governments and the public at large.
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  • 18
    Language: Japanese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (25 p.)
    Series Statement: 新型コロナウイルス(COVID-19)へのOECD政策対応
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Effets positifs potentiels du télétravail sur la productivité à l’ère post-COVID-19 : quelles politiques publiques peuvent aider à leur concrétisation ?
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Productivity gains from teleworking in the post COVID-19 era: How can public policies make it happen?
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: 新型コロナウィルス(COVID-19)のパンデミックに関わる健康・経済危機とそれに伴うソーシャルディスタンシング措置により、多くの企業は大規模にテレワーク(在宅勤務)を導入せざるをえなくなった。これは、危機の解消後もテレワーク形式の働き方の導入がさらに広がり、生産性その他の指標に様々な影響と不確定な純効果を及ぼす可能性がある。物理的に距離を取る必要がなくなった後も、危機の間に出現した福利向上につながる新しい効率的な働き方を今後も維持し、発展させていくためには、公共政策と社会的パートナー間の協力が欠かせない。テレワークの導入拡大に伴う生産性と福利の向上を最大化するために、政府は、テレワークに対する企業と労働者の物理的能力と管理能力への投資を促し、特に作業空間を縮小しすぎて労働者の働きやすさと長期的イノベーションが阻害されることがないようにすべきである。
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (33 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.300
    Keywords: Telekommunikationspreis ; Privater Fernsehsender ; Leistungsbündel ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Providing internationally comparable measures on prices of communication services has been a core task of the OECD through its Working Party on Communication Infrastructures and Services Policy (WPCISP) for decades. Currently, the majority of broadband services in OECD countries are based on bundled offers. This report develops OECD price baskets for bundled communication services to complement existing fixed and mobile price baskets. The baskets for bundled communication services range from dual play to quadruple play baskets, which include different combinations of fixed broadband, fixed voice, mobile voice and data, and pay-TV services. The report proposes 30 bundled baskets, accounting for different usage patterns and service elements. With increased convergence and the prevalence of communication bundles in the majority of OECD countries, this methodology sets a reference point for discussions on price baskets for bundled communication services in international fora.
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  • 20
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (5 p.)
    Series Statement: Medidas políticas clave de la OCDE ante el coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Providing science advice to policy makers during COVID-19
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Comunicar con claridad la evidencia y el asesoramiento científicos es fundamental para combatir el brote de coronavirus (COVID-19) y debe orientarse con claros principios communes. Dado que el COVID-19 es un virus nuevo, la evidencia científica de la que se dispone es incompleta y evoluciona con rapidez. En estas circunstancias, el asesoramiento científico necesariamente conlleva grandes incertidumbres que deberán comunicarse de manera abierta a los responsables de la formulación de políticas y al público en general. Pese a estas incertidumbres, contar con un asesoramiento científico que tome en cuenta múltiples perspectivas y fuentes de evidencia —incluidas las relativas a pandemias pasadas— es esencial para las buenas políticas. Si bien a menudo los responsables de prestar asesoramiento científico son expertos individuales, éstos deben ser guiados por principios comunes claros y respaldados por instituciones y redes científicas de todo el mundo. Ello requiere la cooperación internacional y un intercambio abierto de datos e información.
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (5 p.)
    Series Statement: As políticas públicas da OCDE para responder ao coronavírus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Risques liés à la sécurité numérique pendant la crise du coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Dealing with digital security risk during the Coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Os riscos de segurança digital estão aumentando ao passo que atores mal-intencionados se aproveitam da epidemia do coronavírus (COVID-19). Indivíduos e empresas devem exercer cautela com comunicações relacionadas ao coronavírus e usar medidas apropriadas de "higiene" em relação à segurança digital. É essencial que os que os governos ampliem esforços de conscientização, monitorem o cenário de ameaças e publiquem diretrizes de fácil acesso para a higiene de segurança digital, em particular para grupos vulneráveis, como idosos e pequenas e médias empresas (PMEs).
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (8 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Le COVID-19 et le secteur de l’aviation: Impact et mesures adoptées par les pouvoirs publics
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe COVID-19 y la industria aérea: Impacto y Respuestas Políticas
    Keywords: Coronavirus ; Luftverkehr ; Luftverkehrspolitik ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Welt ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The dramatic drop in demand for passenger air transport (and freight, to a lesser extent) due to the COVID-19 pandemic and containment measures is threatening the viability of many firms in both the air transport sector and the rest of the aviation industry, with many jobs at stake. While the aviation industry has often been a target of government policies, the COVID-19 crisis has precipitated a new suite of loans, loan guarantees, wage subsidies and equity injections, raising concerns about competition and the efficient use of public resources. To promote a sustainable trajectory for the aviation industry, government policies should prioritise sector-wide measures and competition.
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Uso de la inteligencia artificial para luchar contra la pandemia del COVID-19
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Using artificial intelligence to help combat COVID-19
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Usando a inteligencia artificial para ajudar no combate à COVID-19
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Les technologies et les outils faisant appel à l’IA jouent aujourd’hui un rôle clé dans chaque aspect de la réponse à la crise du COVID-19. Pour faciliter l’utilisation de l’IA tout au long de la crise, les décideurs devraient encourager le partage des ensembles de données médicales, moléculaires et scientifiques, ainsi que des modèles,sur des plateformes collaboratives, afin d’aider les chercheurs en IA à concevoir des outils utiles à la communauté médicale. Pour exploiter pleinement le potentiel de l’IA au service de la lutte contre le COVID-19, les décideurs doivent veiller à ce que les systèmes d’IA soient dignes de confiance et conformes aux Principes de l’OCDE sur l’IA.
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe E-commerce in the time of COVID-19
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Cette synthèse s’intéresse à la façon dont la crise liée au COVID-19 accélère l’expansion du commerce électronique vers de nouvelles catégories d’entreprises, de consommateurs et de produits, processus qui laisse augurer une réorientation à long terme de la vente en ligne des produits et services de luxe vers des produits de consommation courante. Elle montre également comment les décideurs peuvent optimiser les possibilités offertes par la transformation numérique dans le commerce de détail et les secteurs apparentés pour soutenir l’adaptation des entreprises et faciliter la distanciation physique, tout en veillant à ce que personne ne soit laissé pour compte.
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  • 25
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (7 p.)
    Series Statement: As políticas públicas da OCDE para responder ao coronavírus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Suivi et traçage du COVID-19: Protéger la vie privée et les données lors de l’utilisation d’applications et de la biométrie
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Tracking and tracing COVID: Protecting privacy and data while using apps and biometrics
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Rastreo y seguimiento del COVID-19: protección de la privacidad y los datos en el uso de aplicaciones y biometría
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Enquanto a COVID-19 continua a tirar vidas e a impactar a economia global, os governos procuram urgentemente ferramentas inovadoras para informarpolíticas e enfrentar a crise. Soluções digitais baseadas em dados de geolocalização estão surgindo para ajudar as autoridades a monitorar e conter a disseminação do vírus. As informações e tendências resultantes são inestimáveis para os governos que procuram acompanhar o surto da COVID-19, alertar as comunidades vulneráveis e compreender o impacto de políticas como o distanciamento social e o confinamento.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Maintenir l’accès à l’internet en temps de crise
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Manteniendo el Internet en marchaen tiempos de crisis
    Keywords: Coronavirus ; Internet ; Telekommunikationsnetz ; Nachrichtentechnik ; Welt ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Since the start of the COVID-19 crisis, demand for broadband communication services has soared, with some operators experiencing as much as a 60% increase in Internet traffic compared to before the crisis. In the medium term, regulators could stimulate broadband providers to deploy more fibre deeper into the networks and gradually phase out xDSL technologies, where possible, and alleviate administrative burdens to ease network deployment.
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Paris] : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 63 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and innovation policy papers no. 90 (July 2020)
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers no.90
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report looks at the human resource requirements for data-intensive science, focusing primarily on research conducted in the public sector, and the related challenges and training needs. Digitalisation is, to some extent, being driven by science, while simultaneously affecting all aspects of scientific practice. Open science, including access to data, is being widely promoted, and investment in cyber-infrastructures and digital platforms is increasing; but inadequate attention has been given to the skills that researchers and research support professionals need to fully exploit these tools. The COVID-19 pandemic, which struck as this report was being finalised, has underscored the critical importance of data-intensive science and the need for strategic approaches to strengthening the digital capacity and skills of the scientific enterprise as a whole. The report includes policy recommendations for various actors and good practice examples to support these recommendations.
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Paris, France] : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 82 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD development policy papers no. 29 (June 2020)
    Series Statement: OECD development policy papers
    Keywords: 2020-2030 ; Raumfahrt ; Digitalisierung ; Branchenentwicklung ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Digital transformation is rapidly altering civic space, challenging the ways in which members of the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) and other providers of development co-operation strive to promote an enabling environment for civil society to contribute to sustainable development. This paper aims to support DAC members and other providers of development co-operation to integrate the implications of a range of plausible futures of civic space into positive policy action today. To this end, it provides an overview of the variables (i.e. current trends, drivers of change and uncertainties) that may determine the trajectory of civic space in the context of digital transformation; identifies four plausible futures that emerge from four different logical interactions of these variables - that could materialise over a ten-year horizon and be fully realised by 2030; and draws policy implications to support DAC members and other providers in designing development cooperation policies that best leverage the opportunities that digital transformation offers while mitigating its risks.
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264736696 , 9789264985575 , 9789264790315
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (250 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als SME and entrepreneurship policy in Brazil 2020
    Keywords: 2020 ; KMU ; Unternehmer ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Mittelstandspolitik ; Brasilien ; Governance ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Brazil ; Brasilien ; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb ; Mittelstandspolitik ; Wirtschaftspolitik
    Abstract: This publication presents the findings of the OECD review of SME and entrepreneurship policy in Brazil. SMEs play an important role for economic growth and social inclusion in Brazil, accounting for 62% of total employment and 50% of national value added. However, productivity gaps between SMEs and large companies are wider in Brazil than in the OECD area, which is also the result of low innovation and export propensity among Brazilian SMEs. Business ownership and business creation are common, but growth-oriented entrepreneurship is much less widespread. Brazil’s SME policy is enshrined in the 1988 Federal Constitution, which grants to micro and small enterprises a preferential treatment in different policy areas (e.g. tax and labour law). Brazilian SME policies are, therefore, mostly aimed at this constituency, whereas mid-sized firms are largely missing in the national policy debate. Simples Nacional, a preferential tax and regulatory regime, is the main federal SME policy, but Brazil also operates a large number of targeted programmes for SMEs. This report provides policy recommendations to enhance Brazil’s SME and entrepreneurship performance, covering, among others, innovation policy, export support, access to finance, and women’s entrepreneurship.
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264540651
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (188 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Vers le numérique : Forger des politiques au service de vies meilleures
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Going Digital: Shaping Policies, Improving Lives
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Digitale Technologien und Daten verändern unser Lebensumfeld. Menschen, Unternehmen und staatliche Stellen agieren, kommunizieren und operieren heute anders als in der Vergangenheit – und diese Veränderungen beschleunigen sich zusehends. Wie können wir das gewaltige Potenzial ausschöpfen, das digitale Technologien und Daten zur Steigerung von Wachstum und Lebensqualität in einer sich rasch wandelnden Welt bieten? Dieser Bericht soll Antworten auf diese Frage liefern. Er geht auf sieben Aspekte ein, bei denen die Regierungen – zusammen mit Bürgerinnen und Bürgern, Unternehmen und anderen betroffenen Akteuren – ansetzen können, um den digitalen Wandel zu gestalten und das Leben zu verbessern. In jedem dieser Bereiche zeigt der Bericht Chancen, Herausforderungen und Handlungsoptionen auf. Außerdem liefert er neue Erkenntnisse, Daten und Analysen sowie Empfehlungen für eine bessere Politik im digitalen Zeitalter.
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264864726 , 9789264400160 , 9789264664494
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (114 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making the most of technology for learning and training in Latin America
    Keywords: Bildungswesen ; Bildungspolitik ; Digitalisierung ; Lateinamerika ; Education ; Employment ; Science and Technology ; Argentina ; Bolivia ; Brazil ; Chile ; Colombia ; Costa Rica ; Dominican Republic ; Ecuador ; Guatemala ; Honduras ; Mexico ; Peru ; Venezuela ; Lateinamerika ; Bildungswesen ; Bildungspolitik ; Digitalisierung
    Abstract: Digitalisation is transforming the world of work and societies, and creating opportunities to learn and develop skills in new ways, times and places. The adoption and use of digital technologies can help Latin American countries close the skills gap with more advanced economies. Making the Most of Technology for Learning and Training in Latin America demonstrates how Latin American countries can realise the potential of new technologies for skills development in schools and all stages of life. It identifies barriers to accessing ICT infrastructure and connectivity limitations in Latin America, and provides recommendations on how they can be overcome to ensure that all students and citizens can benefit from new technologies for learning. The report explores the relationship between technology use in initial education and students’ performance in Latin America, and how policies can best support teachers as digital tools enter their classrooms. Digitalisation provides new opportunities for lifelong learning and this report examines the potential of open education and MOOCs in reaching those adults who are most in need of training in Latin American countries.
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  • 32
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Science, technologie et innovation : la coordination nationale au service de la lutte mondiale contre le COVID-19
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The urgency of tackling COVID-19 has led governments in many countries to launch a number of short-notice and fast-tracked initiatives (e.g. calls for research proposals). Without proper co-ordination amongst ministries and agencies, they run the risk of duplicating efforts or missing opportunities, resulting in slower progress and economic inefficiencies.
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Risques liés à la sécurité numérique pendant la crise du coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Lidando com os riscos de segurança digital durante a crise da COVID-19
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Digital security risk is increasing as malicious actors take advantage of the coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic. Coronavirus-related scams and phishing campaigns are on the rise. There are also cases of ransomware and distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks targeting hospitals. Individuals and businesses should exercise caution when they receive coronavirus-related communications, and use appropriate digital security “hygiene” measures (e.g. patching, use of strong and different passwords, regular backups, etc.). It is essential that governments raise awareness, monitor the threat landscape and publish easily accessible guidelines for digital security hygiene, in particular to vulnerable groups such as the elderly and small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Governments should also co-operate with all relevant stakeholders, including to provide assistance to operators of critical activities such as hospitals, as appropriate.
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  • 34
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (8 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe COVID-19 y la industria aérea: Impacto y Respuestas Políticas
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe COVID-19 and the aviation industry: Impact and policy responses
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: L’effondrement de la demande de transport aérien de passagers (et de marchandises dans une moindre mesure) qu’ont entraîné la pandémie de COVID-19 et les mesures de confinement connexes compromet la viabilité de nombreuses entreprises, qu'il s'agisse de transporteurs ou d’autres intervenants du secteur de l’aviation, et met en péril une multitude d’emplois. Alors que les pouvoirs publics prêtaient déjà une grande attention au secteur de l’aviation, la crise du COVID-19 a précipité une nouvelle cascade de prêts, garanties de prêts, subventions salariales et injections de capitaux, qui interroge sur le respect du libre jeu de la concurrence et l’utilisation rationnelle des ressources publiques. Pour placer le secteur de l'aviation sur une trajectoire de durabilité, les pouvoirs publics devraient concentrer leur action sur l’ensemble de ses acteurs et la compétition.
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (8 p.)
    Series Statement: As políticas públicas da OCDE para responder ao coronavírus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Combattre la désinformation sur le COVID-19 sur les plateformes en ligne
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Combatting COVID-19 disinformation on online platforms
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe オンライン・プラットフォームにおける新型コロナウイルス感染症の偽情報との闘い
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: A desinformação e a má informação sobre COVID-19 são rápida e amplamente disseminadas pela Internet, atingindo e potencialmente influenciando muitas pessoas. Este documento apresenta quatro das principais iniciativas que governos e plataformas podem adotar para combater a desinformação sobre COVID-19 em plataformas: 1) apoiar uma multiplicidade de organizações independentes de verificação de fatos; 2) garantir a presença de moderadores humanos para complementar as soluções tecnológicas; 3) produzir voluntariamente relatórios de transparência sobre desinformação a respeito da COVID-19; e 4) melhorar o letramento midiático, digital e relacionado a saúde dos usuários.
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (5 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Suivi et traçage du COVID-19: Protéger la vie privée et les données lors de l’utilisation d’applications et de la biométrie
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Rastreamento e monitoramento da COVID: proteção da privacidade e dos dados pessoais na utilização de aplicativos e biometria
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Rastreo y seguimiento del COVID-19: protección de la privacidad y los datos en el uso de aplicaciones y biometría
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Digital technologies, in particular mobile and biometric applications, are being adopted in innovative ways to improve the effectiveness of government front-line responses to COVID-19.
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (5 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Keywords: Coronavirus ; Verbraucherschutz ; Online-Handel ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The COVID-19 crisis has upended the global consumer landscape. Confinement measures have moved consumers further online, changed their demands and exacerbated behavioural biases. Many mainstream consumers are now financially and psychologically vulnerable and the existing vulnerability of, for instance, the elderly or low-income consumers, has intensified. There are increasing reports of unfair, misleading and fraudulent commercial practices online. These include financial scams, false claims of coronavirus treatment or prevention, price gouging of essential goods and the promotion of unsafe or counterfeit products. Many governments must strike a balance between protecting consumers’ health and safety, strengthening consumer trust, and addressing challenges to business and workers. This has led some governments to fast-track procedures and grant exemptions from consumer laws. Increased international and cross-sector co-operation among government agencies, businesses, and civil society are key to protecting consumers. Information sharing has become more valuable than ever, particularly for agencies with limited resources.
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  • 38
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Tracking and tracing COVID: Protecting privacy and data while using apps and biometrics
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Rastreamento e monitoramento da COVID: proteção da privacidade e dos dados pessoais na utilização de aplicativos e biometria
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Rastreo y seguimiento del COVID-19: protección de la privacidad y los datos en el uso de aplicaciones y biometría
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Les technologies numériques, en particulier les applications mobiles et biométriques, font l’objet d’utilisations novatrices pour améliorer l’efficacité des réponses de première ligne des gouvernements face à la pandémie de COVID-19.
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Keywords: Coronavirus ; Treibhausgas-Emissionen ; Welt ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: The focus of this brief is on the immediate steps that governments can take to ensure that emergency measures implemented to tackle the Coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis do not derail their efforts to address pressing environmental challenges and improve the environmental health and resilience of societies.
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (20 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Trade
    Abstract: This brief explores the role of digital trade in helping to mitigate some of the consequences of COVID-19. It highlights how trade facilitates access to the goods and services that enable the digital transformation, and underscores the importance of digital trade and related policies in supporting economic activity and wellbeing during the crisis, as well as its role in sustaining economic recovery.
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: As políticas públicas da OCDE para responder ao coronavírus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Uso de la inteligencia artificial para luchar contra la pandemia del COVID-19
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Using artificial intelligence to help combat COVID-19
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Utiliser l’intelligence artificielle au service de la lutte contre le COVID-19
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Princípios de IA da OCDEAtualmente, as tecnologias e ferramentas de inteligência artificial (IA) desempenham um papel fundamental em todos os aspectos da resposta à crise da COVID-19. Afim de facilitar o uso da IA, os formuladores de políticas devem incentivar o compartilhamento de conjuntos de dados e modelos médicos, moleculares e científicos em plataformas colaborativas para ajudar pesquisadores de IA a criar ferramentas eficazes para a comunidade médica e também garantir que pesquisadores tenham acesso à capacidade de computação necessária. Ao mesmo tempo, os formuladores de políticas devem garantir que os sistemas de IA sejam confiáveis e alinhados com os .
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (7 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe O combate à desinformação sobre COVID-19 em plataformas online
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Combattre la désinformation sur le COVID-19 sur les plateformes en ligne
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe オンライン・プラットフォームにおける新型コロナウイルス感染症の偽情報との闘い
    Keywords: Coronavirus ; Digitale Plattform ; Informationsverhalten ; Informationsverbreitung ; Informationsversorgung ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: This policy brief derives four key actions that governments and platforms can take to counter COVID-19 disinformation on platforms, namely: 1) supporting a multiplicity of independent fact-checking organisations; 2) ensuring human moderators are in place to complement technological solutions; 3) voluntarily issuing transparency reports about COVID-19 disinformation; and 4) improving users’ media, digital and health literacy skills.
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (7 p.)
    Series Statement: Medidas políticas clave de la OCDE ante el coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Seven lessons learned about digital security during the COVID-19 crisis
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: En esta nota se analizan los principales aspectos sobre política de seguridad digital que han surgido durante la crisis de COVID-19, con base en las contribuciones que las delegaciones participantes en el Grupo de Trabajo de la OCDE sobre Seguridad en la Economía Digital (SDE, por sus siglas en inglés) hicieron al iniciarse el pico de la crisis. Esta nota contiene lecciones para organizaciones y formuladores de política pública que muestran claramente la urgente necesidad de: 1) emprender un trabajo continuo por parte de las organizaciones públicas y privadas para gestionar el riesgo de seguridad digital durante las crisis al poner en marcha procesos flexibles y ágiles; 2) emprender iniciativas importantes para fortalecer la seguridad digital en el sector de la salud y para las empresas pequeñas, y 3) alimentar de manera constante un ecosistema de seguridad digital de múltiples actores, para propiciar el intercambio de información en circunstancias excepcionales.
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  • 44
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Effets positifs potentiels du télétravail sur la productivité à l’ère post-COVID-19 : quelles politiques publiques peuvent aider à leur concrétisation ?
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 新型コロナウィルス収束後にテレワークがもたらす生産性向上: 実現に向けた公共政策の役割
    Keywords: Coronavirus ; Telearbeit ; Produktivität ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: The ongoing health and economic crisis related to the COVID-19 pandemic and the required physical distancing measures force many firms to introduce telework (working from home) on a large scale. This may catalyse wider adoption of teleworking practices also after the crisis, with a wide range of impacts and uncertain net effects on productivity and other indicators. Public policies and co-operation among social partners are crucial to ensure that new, efficient and welfare-improving working methods emerging during the crisis are maintained and developed once physical distancing is over. To maximise the gains for productivity and welfare inherent in the use of more widespread telework, governments should promote investments in the physical and managerial capacity of firms and workers to telework and address potential concerns for worker well-being and longer-term innovation related in particular to the excessive downscaling of workspaces.
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  • 45
    ISBN: 9789264494565
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (155 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: New Approaches to Economic Challenges
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Systemic thinking for policy making
    Keywords: Systems Thinking ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Entwicklungspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Environment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; OECD ; Wirtschaftspolitik
    Abstract: We live in a period of profound systemic change, and as in similar periods in the past, there is bound to be considerable instability and uncertainty before the new society and economy take shape. We have to identify actions that will shape change for the better, and help to build resilience to the inevitable shocks inherent in, and generated by, the complex system of systems constituted by the economy, society and the environment. These challenges require updating the way policies are devised and implemented, and developing more realistic tools and techniques to design those policies on the basis of appropriate data. In Systemic Thinking for Policy Making world experts from the OECD and International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) pool their expertise and experience to propose new approaches to analysing the interconnected trends and issues shaping today’s and tomorrow’s world. The authors argue that to tackle planetary emergencies linked to the environment, the economy and socio-political systems, we have to understand their systemic properties, such as tipping points, interconnectedness and resilience. They give the reader a precise introduction to the tools and techniques needed to do so, and offer hope that we can overcome the challenges the world is facing.
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  • 46
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 72 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD digital economy papers no. 295 (May 2020)
    Keywords: Kinderschutz ; IT-Kriminalität ; Jugendpolitik ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The digital environment presents a wide range of benefits to children, whilst also exposing them to various risks, including cyberbullying, harmful content and inappropriate contact with strangers. This report provides an overview of the legal and policy actions that governments, international organisations and other stakeholders have taken to ensure a safe and beneficial digital environment for children. It considers actions taken to keep pace with technological developments, to ensure children can realise the benefits of the digital environment, and to respond to the changing digital risk landscape. The report also informed the revision of the 2012 OECD Recommendation of the Council on the Protection of Children Online, which aims to bring it into line with current and anticipated future needs of children in the digital environment.
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    ISBN: 9789264747159 , 9789264795556 , 9789264652620
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (307 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global teaching InSights
    Keywords: Unterricht ; Education ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Chile ; China, People’s Republic ; Colombia ; Germany ; Japan ; Mexico ; Spain ; United Kingdom ; Unterricht ; Forschungsmethode ; Lernerfolg
    Abstract: What does teaching look like? What practices are most impactful? By directly observing teaching in the classroom, this study trialled new research methods to shed light on these key questions for raising student outcomes around the world. This report provides a detailed account of classroom management, social and emotional support, and instructional practices in the classrooms of eight countries and economies, drawing upon the observation of lesson videos and instructional materials, the analysis of teacher and student questionnaires, and the measurement of students’ cognitive and non-cognitive outcomes.
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Paris] : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 62 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD digital economy papers no. 293 (April 2020)
    Keywords: Verbraucherpolitik ; Erfolgsfaktor ; Messung ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper examines possible methodologies for estimating consumer detriment, as well as the impacts of consumer agency actions and consumer policy more broadly. It also provides practical guidance for developing and strengthening the effectiveness of consumer policymaking frameworks. The report was prepared to inform a project by the OECD Committee on Consumer Policy (CCP) to explore ways to ensure that consumer policymaking is based on the best available data on likely costs and benefits.
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  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris, France : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD digital economy papers no. 297 (August 2020)
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The amount and variety of data that companies collect, aggregate and analyse has increased dramatically in recent years. This paper investigates how the economic value of data can be conceptualised and measured from a business perspective. It discusses data monetisation as a strategy for developing new business models or enhancing traditional ones, and proposes a new taxonomy for data that focuses on measuring its business value. The paper also discusses how different data characteristics and types affect economic value, before examining the role of cross-border data flows as a key enabler of our global economy. As part of this discussion, the concept of a "global data value chain" is presented, based on the idea that digitalisation enables the physical detachment of data collection, analysis, storage and monetisation. The paper concludes with a summary and discussion of the most promising avenues for measuring the economic value of data.
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Paris] : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 19 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD digital economy papers no. 294 (May 2020)
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The OECD GlobalRecalls portal was launched in 2012 as a single window for governments to share information about product recalls worldwide. It has since developed into a significant resource, with over 24 000 product recall notices and 47 participating countries, and these figures continue to grow. This report discusses the implementation of a series of enhancements to the OECD GlobalRecalls portal between 2015 and 2019, as well as support provided to jurisdictions by the OECD Secretariat between November 2018 and September 2019 to use the portal’s new API functionality. The report will inform ongoing OECD work to maintain the Portal and any future work regarding possible further enhancements.
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  • 51
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 153 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD digital economy papers no. 296 (August 2020)
    Keywords: Terrorismus ; Radikalismus ; Digitale Güter ; Social Web ; Marktführer ; Globalisierung ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report provides an overview of the policies and procedures for addressing terrorist and violent extremist content (TVEC) across the global top 50 online content sharing services, with a focus on transparency. It finds that only five of the 50 services issue transparency reports specifically about TVEC, and these five services take different approaches in their reports. These services use different definitions of terrorism and violent extremism, report different types of information, use different measurement and estimation methods, and issue reports with varying frequency and on different timetables. The low number of reporting companies and the variation in what, when and how they report make it impossible to get a clear and complete cross-industry perspective on the efficacy of companies’ measures to combat TVEC online and how they may affect human rights. This situation could be improved if more companies issued TVEC transparency reports and included more comparable information.
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  • 52
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Paris] : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers no.91
    Keywords: research infrastructures ; portfolio management ; user-base ; user access ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report is the outcome of a joint activity between Science Europe and the OECD, and presents a generic framework for improving the use and operation of national research infrastructures (RIs), which play a key role in enabling and developing research in all scientific domains and represent an increasingly large share of research investment. It includes two guiding models: one for portfolio management and one for user-base optimisation. These identify the key principles of an effective national RI portfolio management system and the factors that RI managers should consider with regards to optimising the user base of national RIs. Both guiding models account for the diversity of national systems and RI operation approaches. The report also contains a series of more generic policy recommendations and suggested actions for RI portfolio managers and RI managers.
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  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264865471 , 9789264364752 , 9789264432178
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (252 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Going Digital in Brazil
    Keywords: Education ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Brazil
    Abstract: A Caminho da Era Digital no Brasil analisa os desenvolvimentos recentes na economia digital brasileira, revisa políticas relacionadas à digitalização e faz recomendações para aumentar a coerência das políticas nessa área. O relatório examina a disponibilidade e a qualidade das redes e serviços de comunicação no Brasil, bem como políticas e regulamentos relacionados. A Revisão também analisa as tendências no uso da tecnologia digital entre indivíduos, empresas e o governo, e examina políticas para promover sua difusão. Ela discute os esforços para aumentar a confiança na economia digital, com foco na segurança digital, privacidade e proteção do consumidor. Ela também analisa políticas para promover a inovação digital e examina as implicações políticas dos modelos de negócios emergentes em setores-chave. O relatório reconsidera essas políticas em relação à sua coerência entre diferentes domínios, e fornece recomendações para promover sinergias entre ministérios, níveis e instituições do governo, com base no Marco de Políticas Integradas “A Caminho da Era Digital” da OCDE. Esta publicação é a tradução de Going Digital in Brazil, parte da série OECD Reviews of Digital Transformation, publicada apenas em inglês.
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264361683 , 9789264522633 , 9789264783959
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Enhanced access to publicly funded data for science, technology and innovation
    Keywords: Open Data ; Forschungsfinanzierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; OECD ; Forschungsfinanzierung
    Abstract: In increasingly knowledge-based societies and economies, data are a key resource. Enhanced access to publicly funded data enables research and innovation, and has far-reaching effects on resource efficiency, productivity and competitiveness, creating benefits for society at large. Yet these benefits must also be balanced against associated risks to privacy, intellectual property, national security and the public interest. This report presents current policy practice to promote access to publicly funded data for science, technology and innovation, as well as policy challenges for the future. It examines national policies and international initiatives, and identifies seven issues that require policy attention.
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  • 55
    ISBN: 9789264597914 , 9789264388741 , 9789264788114
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (92 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: New Approaches to Economic Challenges
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The financial system
    Keywords: Finanzsystem ; Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Kapitalmarkt ; Kreditwesen
    Abstract: The New Approaches to Economic Challenges (NAEC) initiative was established to distil lessons from the Global Financial Crisis and now the systemic crises sparked by the COVID-19 pandemic. This book publishes short summaries of a diverse range of thinking and proposals from a prestigious series of experts. NAEC invited them to share their expertise with those who wish to learn more about the financial system from those at its heart. They debate the theory and models of the financial system as well as the role of its different component parts, such as currency, insurance or asset management and how they interact. And they offer advice on how financial policy can contribute to making the financial system more resilient.
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264783140 , 9789264824652 , 9789264978447
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (267 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Telecommunication and Broadcasting Review of Brazil 2020
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Brazil
    Abstract: A conectividade é a espinha dorsal da transformação digital e, como tal, são fundamentais políticas e medidas regulatórias que promovam o acesso a serviços de comunicação de alta qualidade a preços competitivos. Esta avaliação fornece um exame abrangente dos setores de comunicações e radiodifusão do Brasil, destacando áreas para reforma regulatória e de política pública com vistas a garantir uma transformação digital bem-sucedida e inclusiva no país. Analisa-se também o desempenho dos mercados de comunicação e radiodifusão, assim como suas políticas e regulamentações subjacentes. Com base nesta avaliação, são apresentadas recomendações em cinco áreas-chave: melhorar os arcabouços legal e regulatório; reformar a estrutura de tributos e taxas; melhorar as condições de mercado; promover a concorrência nos mercados da comunicação e da radiodifusão; e fortalecer as políticas públicas e sua elaboração baseada em evidências empíricas. Essas áreas devem ser tratadas simultaneamente para uma abordagem integrada da reforma.
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  • 57
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (60 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Papers no.2020/09
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Italy
    Abstract: This paper offers an in-depth analysis of the characteristics of innovative start-up firms in Trentino, a high-income mountainous area in the North East of Italy. This work is part of a series of thematic papers on regional start-up landscapes in Italy, produced by the OECD Trento Centre for Local Development. Following the 2018 OECD Evaluation of the Italian Start-up Act, which embraced a national perspective, it represents a first attempt to analyse the impact of this policy at the local level. Among Italian regions, Trentino boasts the highest density of registered innovative start-ups over all young firms established locally. However, innovative start-ups spread unevenly throughout this territory, concentrating in urban areas. Female and young founders are less prevalent than in Italy at large. Firm dynamism, in particular high-growth and exit trends, the uptake of emerging technologies among local start-ups as well as their propensity to use national incentives are other key areas of this work, which concludes with a set of evidence-based recommendations for policy makers.
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  • 58
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (61 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Papers no.2020/07
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Italy
    Abstract: The characteristics of innovative start-up firms in South Tyrol, the northernmost province of Italy, entirely mountainous, hosting a high-income population belonging to three main language groups. This work is part of a series of thematic papers on sub-national start-up landscapes in Italy, produced by the OECD Trento Centre for Local Development. It represents a first attempt to analyse the effect of the Italian policy framework for young innovative firms at the local level. South Tyrol is home to a relatively small number of registered innovative start-ups, pointing to the presence of obstacles to policy transfer. Evidence suggests that language barriers may play a critical role. Firm dynamism, in particular high-growth and exit trends, the spread of emerging technologies among local start-ups as well as their propensity to uptake national incentives are other major focuses of this work, which concludes with a set of evidence-based recommendations for policy-makers.
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  • 59
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (7 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Keeping the Internet up and running in times of crisis
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Manteniendo el Internet en marchaen tiempos de crisis
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Depuis le début de la crise du COVID-19, la demande de services de communication haut débit s’est envolée, certains opérateurs enregistrant jusqu’à 60 % d’augmentation du trafic internet par rapport à la période d’avant-crise. À moyen terme, les régulateurs pourraient inciter les fournisseurs de services haut débit à étendrele déploiement de la fibre au sein des réseaux et à abandonner progressivement les technologies xDSL, lorsque cela est possible, et alléger les charges administratives pour faciliter le déploiementdes réseaux.
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (5 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Uso de la inteligencia artificial para luchar contra la pandemia del COVID-19
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Utiliser l’intelligence artificielle au service de la lutte contre le COVID-19
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Usando a inteligencia artificial para ajudar no combate à COVID-19
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Today, AI technologies and tools play a key role in every aspect of the COVID-19 crisis response. To help facilitate the use of AI throughout the crisis, policy makers should encourage the sharing of medical, molecular, and scientific datasets and models on collaborative platforms to help AI researchers build effective tools for the medical community, and should ensure that researchers have access to the necessary computing capacity. To realise the full promise of AI to combat COVID-19, policy makers must ensure that AI systems are trustworthy and aligned with the OECD AI Principles.
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  • 61
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (8 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe O combate à desinformação sobre COVID-19 em plataformas online
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Combatting COVID-19 disinformation on online platforms
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe オンライン・プラットフォームにおける新型コロナウイルス感染症の偽情報との闘い
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: La présente synthèse décrit quatre grandes mesures que les pouvoirs publics et les plateformes peuvent prendre pour contrer la désinformation sur le COVID-19 : 1) soutenir de multiples organisations indépendantes de vérification des faits ; 2) faire en sorte que des modérateurs humains complètent les solutions technologiques ; 3) publier spontanément des rapports faisant la transparence sur la désinformation au sujet du COVID-19 ; et 4) améliorer les connaissances des utilisateurs sur les médias, le numérique et la santé.
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: Medidas políticas clave de la OCDE ante el coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Por que a ciência aberta é fundamental no combate a COVID-19
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Why open science is critical to combatting COVID-19
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: En emergencias mundiales como la pandemia del coronavirus (COVID-19), las políticas de ciencia abierta pueden eliminar obstáculos para la libre circulación de datos e ideas de investigación y así acelerar el ritmo de la investigación científica que resulta fundamental para combatir la enfermedad.
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  • 63
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (7 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Science, technology and innovation: How co-ordination at home can help the global fight against COVID-19
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Le besoin de trouver d’urgence des solutions au problème du COVID-19 a amené beaucoup de gouvernements à lancer des initiatives au pied levé et selon des procédures accélérées. Dans les infrastructures de crise mises en place à l’échelle de l’ensemble de l’administration pour faire face à la pandémie, les modalités et le degré d’engagement des responsables de la politique de la recherche et de l’innovation varient selon les pays. Au-delà de la formulation d’avis scientifiques, il est essentiel d’assurer l’adhésion et la mobilisation de la communauté STI. Les gouvernements peuvent apprendre les uns des autres comment améliorer la coordination stratégique des différents organes responsables en matière de recherche et d’innovation liées au COVID-19. Le fait d’unir les efforts et de partager les informations au niveau national facilite et appuie également les initiatives de coopération internationale.
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  • 64
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis presents exceptional challenges across all aspects of public policy. Within the context of science, technology and innovation (STI), governments are increasingly seeking to draw on society’s full potential for innovation, using collective intelligence. By efficiently harnessing the knowledge and expertise of groups, and focusing this on specific research, innovation and policy problems, such approaches could help governments address the current pandemic, as well as future crises. This brief provides an overview of several approaches, including innovation prizes, prediction markets; and, support for open source and other online engineering projects. All of these approaches could complement existing STI policies.
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Keywords: Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: This OECD COVID-19 policy brief, a product of the Open and Innovative Government Division (OIG) of the Public Governance Directorate of the OECD, examines how and to what extent the crisis has served as a catalyst for government transformation. It draws these observations and analysis from over 400 cases and initiatives captured in the OECD’s COVID-19 Innovative Responses Tracker. The brief explores the effect on governments of the crisis triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic, through a number of steps, drawing on several international examples of how governments have responded in innovative ways by using digital technologies, open data and citizen engagement. It makes observations of the crisis and how governments have responded, explores what those responses might mean or suggest, and, finally, looks at the implications for government transformation.
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  • 66
    Language: Japanese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (8 p.)
    Series Statement: 新型コロナウイルス(COVID-19)へのOECD政策対応
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe O combate à desinformação sobre COVID-19 em plataformas online
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Combattre la désinformation sur le COVID-19 sur les plateformes en ligne
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Combatting COVID-19 disinformation on online platforms
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: 新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)に関する偽情報、誤情報は、インターネット上で急速に広範囲に拡散され、多くの人々に影響を及ぼす可能性がある。本稿では、政府及びプラットフォームがCOVID-19の偽情報と闘うために採るべき4つの主な行動を明らかにしている。1) 独立した事実確認機関の多様性を支援する;2) 技術的解決策を補完するモデレーターを配置する;3) COVID-19の偽情報について透明性レポート(transparency report)を自発的に発行する;4) 利用者のメディア、デジタル、健康に関する理解力を向上させる。
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  • 67
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (5 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Por qué la ciencia abierta es esencial para combatir el COVID-19
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Por que a ciência aberta é fundamental no combate a COVID-19
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: In global emergencies like the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, open science policies can remove obstacles to the free flow of research data and ideas, and thus accelerate the pace of research critical to combating the disease. While global sharing and collaboration of research data has reached unprecedented levels, challenges remain. Trust in at least some of the data is relatively low, and outstanding issues include the lack of specific standards, co-ordination and interoperability, as well as data quality and interpretation. To strengthen the contribution of open science to the COVID-19 response, policy makers need to ensure adequate data governance models, interoperable standards, sustainable data sharing agreements involving public sector, private sector and civil society, incentives for researchers, sustainable infrastructures, human and institutional capabilities and mechanisms for access to data across borders.
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  • 68
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (11 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Le commerce électronique au temps de la pandémie de COVID-19
    Keywords: Coronavirus ; Electronic Commerce ; Online-Handel ; OECD-Staaten ; Coronavirus ; Electronic Commerce ; Online-Handel ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: This brief discusses how the COVID-19 crisis is accelerating an expansion of e-commerce towards new firms, customers and types of products, likely involving a long-term shift of e-commerce transactions from luxury goods and services to everyday necessities. It also highlights how policy makers can leverage the potential of digital transformation in retail and related areas to support business adaptation and to enhance social distancing, while ensuring that no one is left behind.
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (7 p.)
    Series Statement: Medidas políticas clave de la OCDE ante el coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Maintenir l’accès à l’internet en temps de crise
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Keeping the Internet up and running in times of crisis
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Desde el inicio de la crisis del COVID-19, la demanda de servicios de comunicación de banda ancha se ha disparado, con algunos operadores afrontando hasta un aumento del 60% en el tráfico de Internet en comparación a la demanda de datos de antes de la crisis.
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  • 70
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: As políticas públicas da OCDE para responder ao coronavírus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Por qué la ciencia abierta es esencial para combatir el COVID-19
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Why open science is critical to combatting COVID-19
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Em emergências globais como a pandemia do novo coronavírus (COVID-19), as políticas de ciência aberta podem facilitar o livre fluxo de pesquisas de dados e ideias e, assim, acelerar o ritmo de pesquisas críticas para o combate à doença. Embora a colaboração e a troca global de dados de pesquisa tenha atingido níveis sem precedentes, os desafios permanecem. Para fortalecer a contribuição da ciência aberta em resposta ao COVID-19, os responsáveis políticos precisam garantir modelos adequados de governança de dados, padrões interoperáveis, acordos sustentáveis de compartilhamento de dados envolvendo os setores público e privado e a sociedade civil, incentivos a pesquisadores, infraestruturas sustentáveis, capacidades.
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  • 71
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Paris] : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 67 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD digital economy papers no. 292 (February 2020)
    Keywords: Digitalisierung ; Politik ; Koordination ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Digital transformation has widespread and complex effects across the economy and society. It impacts many policy domains and makes trade-offs between public policy objectives more difficult to navigate. The Going Digital Integrated Policy Framework helps governments and stakeholders to develop an integrated approach to policy making in the digital age and to shape policies for an inclusive digital future. This report outlines the framework’s seven interrelated policy dimensions: 1) access to communications infrastructures, services and data; 2) effective use of digital technologies and data; 3) digital and data-driven innovation; 4) good jobs for all; 5) social prosperity and inclusion; 6) trust in the digital age; and 7) market openness in digital business environments. The report also highlights transversal policy issues (e.g. skills, digital government, SMEs and data) that cut across several policy dimensions. Finally, this report provides guidance on putting the framework into practice.
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  • 72
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    ISBN: 9789264938595
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (247 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Series Statement: OECD reviews of digital transformation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Going digital in Brazil
    Keywords: Digitalisierung ; Education ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Brazil ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur ; Brasilien ; Digitalisierung ; Wirtschaft ; Politik
    Abstract: Going Digital in Brazil analyses recent developments in Brazil’s digital economy, reviews policies related to digitalisation and makes recommendations to increase policy coherence in this area. The report examines the availability and quality of communication networks and services in Brazil, as well as related policies and regulations. It also reviews trends in digital technology usage among individuals, businesses and the government, and examines policies to foster diffusion. It discusses efforts to enhance trust in the digital economy, focusing on digital security, privacy and consumer protection. It also reviews policies to promote digital innovation and examines the policy implications of emerging business models in key sectors. The report reconsiders these policies in relation to their coherence across different domains and provides recommendations to foster synergies across government ministries, levels and institutions, based on the OECD Going Digital Integrated Policy Framework.
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  • 73
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    [Paris] : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 80 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and innovation policy papers no. 88 (June 2020)
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers no.88
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report looks at how transdisciplinary research, which combines knowledge from different scientific disciplines with that of public and private sector stakeholders and citizens, can be used to address complex societal challenges. This includes developing effective responses in acute crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as longer-term solutions for sustainability development. In a series of 28 case studies, each of which is briefly summarised in the report, it identifies the key obstacles to effectively implementing transdisciplinary research. Many of these are embedded in the way that research systems are structured and managed and they are amenable to policy intervention. Examples of how various actors, including funding agencies and universities are adapting to better accommodate the requirements of transdisciplinary research are included in the report and related policy actions are ascribed for these actors.
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  • 74
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264740440 , 9789264367135 , 9789264392335
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (316 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: The OECD Digital Economy Outlook 2020 examines trends and analyses emerging opportunities and challenges in the digital economy. It highlights how OECD countries and partner economies are taking advantage of information and communication technologies (ICTs) and the Internet to meet their public policy objectives. Through comparative evidence, it informs policy makers of regulatory practices and policy options to help maximise the potential of the digital economy as a driver for innovation and inclusive growth. This third edition of the OECD Digital Economy Outlook provides a holistic overview of converging trends, policy developments and data on both the supply and demand sides of the digital economy. It illustrates how the digital transformation is affecting economies and societies. Finally, it provides a special focus on how the COVID-19 pandemic is amplifying opportunities and challenges from the digital transformation.
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  • 75
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264439610 , 9789264880467 , 9789264752900
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (179 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 사회 속의 인공지능
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe L’intelligence artificielle dans la société
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Artificial Intelligence in Society
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: 1950 stellte Alan Turing erstmals die Frage, ob Maschinen denken können. Seitdem wurden im Bereich der künstlichen Intelligenz (KI) gewaltige Fortschritte erzielt. Heute verändert KI Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft. KI ermöglicht Produktivitätssteigerungen, kann die Lebensqualität erhöhen und sogar bei der Bewältigung globaler Herausforderungen wie Klimawandel, Ressourcenknappheit und Gesundheitskrisen helfen. Mit der weltweiten Einführung von KI-Anwendungen wachsen aber auch die Bedenken, die ihre Nutzung aufwirft, u. a. in Bezug auf menschliche Werte und Fragen wie Fairness, menschliche Entscheidungsfreiheit, Datenschutz, Sicherheit und Haftung. Dieser Bericht soll helfen, ein gemeinsames Verständnis von künstlicher Intelligenz aktuell und für die nahe Zukunft zu entwickeln. Dazu beschreibt er technische, wirtschaftliche und politische Entwicklungen, geht auf konkrete Anwendungsfälle ein und befasst sich mit grundlegenden Fragen der Politikgestaltung. Zudem soll er für mehr Kohärenz in den Diskussionen sorgen, die in verschiedenen nationalen und internationalen Foren zum Thema künstliche Intelligenz geführt werden.
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  • 76
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (68 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Policy Papers no.3
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: This paper presents the overall rankings, results and key policy messages of the 2019 OECD Digital Government Index (DGI) and provides a detailed analysis of the results for each of the dimensions of the OECD Digital Government Policy Framework. The DGI measures the maturity level of digital government strategies in OECD member and partner countries based on evidence gathered through the Survey on Digital Government 1.0. Findings show the promising yet modest progress towards robust digital governments, and encourage governments to step up efforts to use digital technologies and data strategically for user-driven public services. The paper highlights how the DGI can support the design, implementation and monitoring of digital government policies and practices, which, in turn, help public sector organisations better respond to citizens’ needs.
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  • 77
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (28 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.298
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This document summarises discussions held at the second annual event of the OECD Global Forum on Digital Security for Prosperity. The event, held on 14-15 November 2019 in London, brought together 160 experts and 30 speakers from government, business, civil society, the technical community and academia to discuss how to encourage digital security innovation. Participants explored the roles that different stakeholders can play in stimulating digital security innovation, including how governments can support it for example by implementing tax incentives, acting as an early customer for innovative products, and enacting flexible and outcome-based regulation. A digital security innovation ecosystem is the most important component of a strategic approach, as it brings together different stakeholder groups in a dedicated location. Participants discussed how different ecosystems can learn from one another through international co-operation and considered how governments can encourage digital security by design in innovation more generally.
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  • 78
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (5 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Dealing with digital security risk during the Coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Lidando com os riscos de segurança digital durante a crise da COVID-19
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Les risques liés à la sécurité numérique augmentent à mesure que des acteurs malveillants profitent de l’épidémie de coronavirus (COVID-19). On assiste à une hausse des escroqueries et des campagnes d’hameçonnage liées au coronavirus. Il existe également des cas de rançongiciels et d’attaques par déni de service distribué (DDoS) ciblant les hôpitaux. Les particuliers et les entreprises devraient procéder avec prudence lorsqu’ils reçoivent des messages concernant le coronavirus, et appliquer les mesures appropriées relatives à l’« hygiène »de sécurité numérique (par exemple, les correctifs, l’utilisation de mots de passe sécurisés et dif férents, les sauvegardes régulières, etc.). Les gouvernements devraient sensibiliser le public, surveiller le contexte de menaces et publier des lignes directrices facilement accessibles sur l’hygiène de sécurité numérique, en particulier pour les groupes vulnérables comme les personnes âgées et les petites et moyennes entreprises(PME). Les pouvoirs publics devraient également coopérer avec toutes les parties prenantes concernées, afin de, notamment, fournir une assistance aux opérateurs des activités critiques comme les hôpitaux, le cas échéant.
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  • 79
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: Medidas políticas clave de la OCDE ante el coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Using artificial intelligence to help combat COVID-19
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Utiliser l’intelligence artificielle au service de la lutte contre le COVID-19
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Usando a inteligencia artificial para ajudar no combate à COVID-19
    Keywords: Science and Technology
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  • 80
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: Medidas políticas clave de la OCDE ante el coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Suivi et traçage du COVID-19: Protéger la vie privée et les données lors de l’utilisation d’applications et de la biométrie
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Tracking and tracing COVID: Protecting privacy and data while using apps and biometrics
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Rastreamento e monitoramento da COVID: proteção da privacidade e dos dados pessoais na utilização de aplicativos e biometria
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Las tecnologías digitales, en particular las aplicaciones móviles y biométricas, se están adoptandode manera innovadora para mejorar la eficacia de las respuestas gubernamentales de primera línea frente al COVID-19.
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  • 81
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (18 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Keywords: Distanzhandel ; Außenhandel ; Konsumentenverhalten ; Coronavirus ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Trade
    Abstract: Cross-border trade in parcels has played a critical role in helping people and firms deal with issues stemming from physical distancing and confinement measures implemented during COVID-19. This note discusses that role and the policies that can help ensure parcel trade can continue to be leveraged to help promote an inclusive economic recovery from COVID-19.
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  • 82
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (5 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Keywords: Coronavirus ; Luftfahrtindustrie ; Raumfahrt ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: As part of the digitalisation of the economy, satellite signals and data play an increasingly pivotal role in the efficient functioning of societies and their economic development. The recent growth in the sector has generated unprecedented levels of entrepreneurship and start-up activity. However, with the COVID-19 crisis, this positive trend could be reversed. While many space sector firms seem to be able to cope, a significant number is struggling, particularly small and medium-sized enterprises that constitute the bulk of commercial actors in the space industry. Considering the high costs of entry to the sector, there is a risk that the crisis could lead to more industry concentration, eliminating smaller and younger firms that are key sources of innovation, employment and economic growth. Space agencies and other public administrations therefore need to fully consider vulnerable smaller actors in their overall crisis responses.
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  • 83
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Business enterprise R-D expenditure by industry presents research and development (R&D) expenditure statistics performed in the business enterprise sector by industry according to the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) revision 4.
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Telecommunications and Internet Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The ICT Access and Usage by Businesses database provides a selection of 42 indicators, based on the 2nd revision of the OECD Model Survey on ICT Access and Usage by Businesses. The selected indicators originate from two sources: 1. An OECD data collection on the following OECD and accession countries: Australia, Canada, Colombia, Japan, Korea, Mexico, New Zealand, Switzerland and the United States. Data collection methodology followed by these countries is available in each respective country metadata file. 2. Eurostat Statistics on Businesses for the OECD countries that are part of the European Statistical system. For those countries, indicators shown in this database refer to the original indicator as published by EUROSTAT -see the correspondence table-. Please refer to Eurostat methodology to access the methodological information. For all countries, breakdowns used correspond to those of EUROSTAT, unless otherwise stated in the metadata.
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  • 85
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The R&D expenditure by sector of performance and type of R&D table comprises statistics on current domestic R&D and gross domestic R&D expenditures by sector of performance (business enterprise, government, higher education, private non-profit, and total intramural) and by type of R&D within each sector (basic research, applied research, experimental development, non-specified, and total activity) as well as type of costs incurred (sub-totals current costs, total costs). Data are presented from 1981 onwards and are expressed in terms of units of expenditure such as million nationa currency, million dollars in constant prices as well as million dollars in current prices.
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  • 86
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Patent Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This dataset includes statistics on patent counts by regions where EPO and PCT filings are presented according to the region of the inventors/applicants residence (Territorial Level 3), including total patents and selected technology domains such as ICT, nanotechnology, biotechnology as well as environment-related technologies. Reference regions are available by inventor’s country of residence and applicants country of residents. Data are presented from 1978 onwards.
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  • 87
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This table presents research and development (R&D) personnel statistics. Number of R&D personnel is provided in headcounts and/or full-time equivalent on R&D by sex, sector of employment (business enterprise, government, higher education, and private non-profit) and by formal qualification (university and other diplomas by ISCED classification).Data are presented from 1981 onwards.
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  • 88
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Gross domestic expenditure on R-D by sector of performance and source of funds contains research and development (R&D) expenditure statistics. Data include gross domestic R&D expenditure by sector of performance (business enterprise, government, higher education, private non-profit, and total intramural) and by source of funds (business enterprise, government - including public general university funds -, higher education, private non-profit and funds from abroad - including funds from enterprises and other funds from abroad). Data are presented from 1981 onwards.
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  • 89
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Gross domestic expenditure on R-D by sector of performance and socio-economic objective presents data on gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) by socio-economic objective (SEO), using the NABS 2007 classification i.e.: exploration and exploitation of the earth, environment, exploration and exploitation of space, transport, telecommunication and other infrastructures, energy, Industrial production and technology, health, agriculture, education, culture, recreation, religion and mass media, political and social systems, structures and processes, general advancement of knowledge, and defence. Data are presented from 1981 onwards and measured by units for expenditure such as current prices, constant prices and PPP.
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Main Science and Technology provides a set of indicators that reflect the level and structure of the efforts undertaken by OECD Member countries and selected non-member economies in the field of Science and Technology from 1981 onwards. Indicators cover resources devoted to research and development (R&D), researchers, patent families, technology balance of payments and international trade in highly R&D-intensive industries.
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  • 91
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R-D by sector of performance and type of cost presents research and development (R&D) expenditure statistics. Data include gross domestic R&D expenditure by sector of performance (business enterprise, government, higher education, private non-profit, and total intramural) and by type of costs (current expenditures: labour costs, other current costs; and capital expenditures: land and buildings, and instruments and equipment). Data are presented from 1981 onwards.
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Main Science and Technology provides a set of indicators that reflect the level and structure of the efforts undertaken by OECD Member countries and selected non-member economies in the field of Science and Technology from 1981 onwards. Indicators cover resources devoted to research and development (R&D), researchers, patent families, technology balance of payments and international trade in highly R&D-intensive industries.
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Statistics on Measuring Globalisation
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Excess capacity is one of the main challenges facing the global steel sector. The OECD Steelmaking Capacity database contains data on crude steelmaking capacity by economy and provides researchers and policymakers with an important tool for analysing steel capacity developments.
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  • 94
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: R-D personnel by sector of employment and field of science presents research and development (R&D) personnel statistics for total R&D personnel by sector of employment and field of science, in full-time equivalent on R&D; Researchers by sex, sector of employment and field of science, in full-time equivalent on R&D; Researchers by sex, sector of employment and field of science, in headcounts. Sectors of employment include business enterprise, government, higher education, private non-profit and total. Breakdown by field of science includes natural sciences, engineering, medical sciences, agricultural sciences, social sciences, and humanities. Data are presented from 1981 onwards and are expressed in terms of units for personnel with full-time equivalent on R&D activities as well as headcounts.
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  • 95
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This table presents research and development (R&D) expenditure statistics performed in the business enterprise sector by industry according to the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) revision 4. and by type of costs (current expenditure, capital expenditure). Data at the industry level are presented from 2005, year when most of the countries converted their data from ISIC rev.3.1 to the current ISIC rev. 4 classification. This breakdown between industries is, in principle, made at the enterprise level, although some countries are able to break down R&D data for multi product enterprises between their main lines of business. National statistical regulations prevent publication of results where there are very few firms in the given category, hence the many gaps in the tables. Depending on the country, R&D institutes serving enterprises are either classified with the industry concerned, or grouped under “Research and Development” (ISIC rev.4, Division 72). When these R&D institutes are classified with the industry served, the evaluation of R&D in these industries is more accurate and more comparable between countries for the industries concerned. This results, however, in an underestimation of the percentage of BERD performed by the service sector as compared with other countries.
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: STAN: OECD Structural Analysis Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This table presents comprehensive and internationally comparable time-series on industrial R&D expenditures broken down in up to 100 manufacturing and services sectors in ISIC Revision 4 for OECD countries and selected non-member economies, from 1987 onwards. Compatible with those used in other OECD databases, the industry list now covers a number of service and technological sectors of interest. OECD estimates adjust for deficiencies and anomalies in the official data.
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Telecommunications and Internet Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The ICT Access and Usage by Households and Individuals database provides a selection of 78 indicators, based on the of 2nd revision of the OECD Model Survey on ICT Access and Usage by Households and Individuals. The selected indicators originate from two sources: 1. An OECD data collection on the following OECD and accession countries: Australia, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Israel, Japan, Korea, Mexico, New Zealand and the United States. Data collection methodology followed by these countries is available in each respective country metadata file. 2. Eurostat Statistics on Households and Individuals for the OECD countries that are part of the European Statistical system. For those countries, indicators shown in this database refer to the original indicator as published by EUROSTAT -see the correspondence table-. Please refer to Eurostat methodology to access the methodological information. For all countries, breakdowns used correspond to those of EUROSTAT, unless otherwise stated in the metadata.
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Patent Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This dataset presents statistics on Indicators of international co-operation in patents (EPO, USPTO & PCT): where EPO stands for European Patent Office, USPTO for US Patent and Trademark Office and PCT for Patent Cooperation Treaty. Those indicators analyze to cross-border ownership of patents reflecting international flows of knowledge from the inventor country to the applicant countries and international flows of funds for research (multinational companies) and co-inventions representing the international collaboration in the inventive process. Data are divided in terms of Patent office & Triadic Patent families (application filed under EPO, patent grants at the USPTO, patent application filed under the PCT), type of international Cooperation in Patenting (foreign ownership, domestic ownership, % of patents invented abroad), reference date (application date, priority date, date of grant) and partner country. Data are presented as annual datapoints from 1976 onwards.
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  • 99
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This table contains research and development (R&D) expenditure statistics on gross domestic R&D expenditure by sector of performance (business enterprise, government, higher education, private non-profit, and total intramural) and by field of science (natural sciences, engineering, medical sciences, agricultural sciences, social sciences, and humanities). Data are covering the years 1981 to 2009.
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Telecommunications and Internet Statistics
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The broadband database on information and communication technology (ICT) contains indicators on wireless and fixed broadband usage, access and diffusion to OECD households, individuals and businesses.
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