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  • Manchin, Miriam  (4)
  • Washington, D.C : The World Bank  (4)
  • Berlin : Walter de Gruyter GmbH
  • Public Sector Development  (4)
  • Inequality
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Rules of origin and the web of East Asian free trade agreements (2007)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (29 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Pelkmans-Balaoing, Annette O Rules of origin and the web of East Asian free trade agreements
    Keywords: Bilateral free trade agreements ; Economic Theory and Research ; Free Trade ; Free Trade ; Free Trade Agreements ; Free Trade Area ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Preferential rules of origin ; Public Sector Development ; Regional Integration ; Regional trade ; Rules of Origin ; Rules of Origin ; Tariff data ; Trade Law ; Trade Policy ; Trade flows ; Bilateral free trade agreements ; Economic Theory and Research ; Free Trade ; Free Trade ; Free Trade Agreements ; Free Trade Area ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Preferential rules of origin ; Public Sector Development ; Regional Integration ; Regional trade ; Rules of Origin ; Rules of Origin ; Tariff data ; Trade Law ; Trade Policy ; Trade flows ; Bilateral free trade agreements ; Economic Theory and Research ; Free Trade ; Free Trade ; Free Trade Agreements ; Free Trade Area ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Preferential rules of origin ; Public Sector Development ; Regional Integration ; Regional trade ; Rules of Origin ; Rules of Origin ; Tariff data ; Trade Law ; Trade Policy ; Trade flows
    Abstract: The authors provide an overview of the preferential rules of origin in East Asia, highlighting the aspects that might possibly generate some trade-chilling effects. They review characteristics of existing preferential trade agreements with special emphasis on lessons from the European experience, and analyze some important features of the existing rules of origin in East and South-East Asian regional integration agreements. The empirical analysis of the effectiveness of preferentialism on intra-regional trade flows focuses on the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA), with the aim of providing a rough estimate of the costs of requesting preferences. The results suggest that preferential tariffs favorably affect intra-regional imports only at very high margins (around 25 percentage points). This points to the likelihood of high administrative costs attached to the exploitation of preferences, particularly with regard to the compliance with AFTA's rules of origin
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Institutions, Infrastructure, And Trade (2007)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (38 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Francois, Joseph Institutions, Infrastructure, And Trade
    Keywords: Air ; Air Transport ; Common Carriers Industry ; Driving ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Free Trade ; Freight ; Industry ; Infrastructure ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Policies ; Private Sector Development ; Property Rights ; Public Sector Development ; Roads ; Tax ; Taxes ; Trade Law ; Trade Policy ; Training ; Trains ; Transp ; Transparency ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Transport and Trade Logistics ; Air ; Air Transport ; Common Carriers Industry ; Driving ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Free Trade ; Freight ; Industry ; Infrastructure ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Policies ; Private Sector Development ; Property Rights ; Public Sector Development ; Roads ; Tax ; Taxes ; Trade Law ; Trade Policy ; Training ; Trains ; Transp ; Transparency ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Transport and Trade Logistics ; Air ; Air Transport ; Common Carriers Industry ; Driving ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Free Trade ; Freight ; Industry ; Infrastructure ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Policies ; Private Sector Development ; Property Rights ; Public Sector Development ; Roads ; Tax ; Taxes ; Trade Law ; Trade Policy ; Training ; Trains ; Transp ; Transparency ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Transport and Trade Logistics
    Abstract: The authors examine the influence of infrastructure, institutional quality, colonial and geographic context, and trade preferences on the pattern of bilateral trade. They are interested in threshold effects, and so emphasize those cases where bilateral country pairs do not actually trade. The authors depart from the institutions and infrastructure literature in this respect, using selection-based gravity modeling of trade flows. They also depart from this literature by mixing principal components (to condense the institutional and infrastructure measures) with a focus on deviations in the resulting indexes from expected values for given income cohorts to control for multicollinearity. The authors work with a panel of 284,049 bilateral trade flows from 1988 to 2002. Matching bilateral trade and tariff data and controlling for tariff preferences, level of development, and standard distance measures, they find that infrastructure and institutional quality are significant determinants not only of export levels, but also of the likelihood exports will take place at all. Their results support the notion that export performance, and the propensity to take part in the trading system at all, depends on institutional quality and access to well-developed transport and communications infrastructure. Indeed, this dependence is far more important, empirically, than variations in tariffs in explaining sample variations in North-South trade
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Preference Utilization And Tariff Reduction In European Union Imports From African, Caribbean, And Pacific Countries (2005)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (34 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Manchin, Miriam Preference Utilization And Tariff Reduction In European Union Imports From African, Caribbean, And Pacific Countries
    Keywords: Internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen ; Handelspräferenzen ; Zollpräferenzen ; AKP-Staaten ; EU-Staaten ; Country Tariff ; Duty Reduction ; Economic Theory and Research ; Exports ; Free Access ; Free Trade ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Market Access ; Preferential Access ; Preferential Status ; Preferential Trade ; Preferential Trade Agreements ; Public Sector Development ; Rules of Origin ; Rules of Origin ; Trade Law ; Trade Policy ; Country Tariff ; Duty Reduction ; Economic Theory and Research ; Exports ; Free Access ; Free Trade ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Market Access ; Preferential Access ; Preferential Status ; Preferential Trade ; Preferential Trade Agreements ; Public Sector Development ; Rules of Origin ; Rules of Origin ; Trade Law ; Trade Policy ; Country Tariff ; Duty Reduction ; Economic Theory and Research ; Exports ; Free Access ; Free Trade ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Market Access ; Preferential Access ; Preferential Status ; Preferential Trade ; Preferential Trade Agreements ; Public Sector Development ; Rules of Origin ; Rules of Origin ; Trade Law ; Trade Policy
    Abstract: Despite the long relationship between the European Union and the African, Caribbean, and Pacific (ACP) countries aimed at encouraging their exports while stimulating growth and investment, the ACP states still face difficulties in integrating into the world economy. The author examines the non-least developed ACP countries ' preferential trade with the EU. Her objective is to explain the determinants of preferential exports of ACP countries toward the EU and to assess the impact of preferences on trade volumes. The author also investigates the existence of a threshold in the offered duty reduction under which traders have no incentives to ask for preferences
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Preference Erosion and Multilateral Trade Liberalization (2005)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (38 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Francois, Joseph Preference Erosion and Multilateral Trade Liberalization
    Keywords: Access ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Export Diversification ; Export Performance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Free Trade ; Free Trade Agreements ; Global Trade ; International Economics & Trade ; International Trade ; Law and Development ; Liberalization Of Trade ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Multilateral Liberalization ; Multilateral Trade Liberalization ; Preferential Access ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Reciprocal Basis ; Reciprocity ; Tariff ; Tariff Reductions ; Tariffs ; Trade ; Trade Law ; Trade Negotiations ; Trade Policies ; Trade Policy ; Trade Preferences ; Trade and Regional Integration ; Access ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Export Diversification ; Export Performance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Free Trade ; Free Trade Agreements ; Global Trade ; International Economics & Trade ; International Trade ; Law and Development ; Liberalization Of Trade ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Multilateral Liberalization ; Multilateral Trade Liberalization ; Preferential Access ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Reciprocal Basis ; Reciprocity ; Tariff ; Tariff Reductions ; Tariffs ; Trade ; Trade Law ; Trade Negotiations ; Trade Policies ; Trade Policy ; Trade Preferences ; Trade and Regional Integration ; Access ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Export Diversification ; Export Performance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Free Trade ; Free Trade Agreements ; Global Trade ; International Economics & Trade ; International Trade ; Law and Development ; Liberalization Of Trade ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Multilateral Liberalization ; Multilateral Trade Liberalization ; Preferential Access ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Reciprocal Basis ; Reciprocity ; Tariff ; Tariff Reductions ; Tariffs ; Trade ; Trade Law ; Trade Negotiations ; Trade Policies ; Trade Policy ; Trade Preferences ; Trade and Regional Integration
    Abstract: Because of concern that OECD tariff reductions will translate into worsening export performance for the least developed countries, trade preferences have proven a stumbling block to developing country support for multilateral liberalization. The authors examine the actual scope for preference erosion, including an econometric assessment of the actual utilization and the scope for erosion estimated by modeling full elimination of OECD tariffs, and hence full most-favored-nation liberalization-based preference erosion. Preferences are underutilized due to administrative burden-estimated to be at least 4 percent on average-reducing the magnitude of erosion costs significantly. For those products where preferences are used (are of value), the primary negative impact follows from erosion of EU preferences. This suggests the erosion problem is primarily bilateral rather than a WTO-based concern
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
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