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  • Mattoo, Aaditya  (6)
  • Lederman, Daniel  (2)
  • Washington, D.C : The World Bank  (8)
  • Birmingham, AL, USA : EBSCO Industries, Inc.
  • E-Business  (8)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Human Capital And The Changing Structure of The Indian Economy (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (34 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Amin, Mohammad Human Capital And The Changing Structure of The Indian Economy
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    QG 830
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Development Economics ; Development policy ; E-Business ; Econometric analysis ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economics Research ; GDP ; GDP per capita ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human Capital ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Productivity growth ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Value added ; Agriculture ; Development Economics ; Development policy ; E-Business ; Econometric analysis ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economics Research ; GDP ; GDP per capita ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human Capital ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Productivity growth ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Value added ; Agriculture ; Development Economics ; Development policy ; E-Business ; Econometric analysis ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economics Research ; GDP ; GDP per capita ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human Capital ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Sector Development ; Pro-Poor Growth ; Productivity growth ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Value added
    Abstract: Using panel data for the fourteen major states of India over the 1980-2000 period, the authors estimate the effect of human capital endowment on the performance of the state economies. They find that greater availability of skilled workers had a positive and significant impact on output in the service sectors. They do not find any such effect for the manufacturing sectors. The paper shows that the differential effect on services and manufacturing arises because service sectors are more skill intensive
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Substitution Between Foreign Capital In China, India, The Rest of The World, And Latin America : Much Ado About Nothing ? (2007)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (32 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Cravino, Javier Substitution Between Foreign Capital In China, India, The Rest of The World, And Latin America
    Keywords: Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial support ; Foreign Direct Investment ; Foreign direct investment ; Foreign investment ; International Economics & Trade ; International investment ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Manufacturing ; Natural resources ; Private Sector Development ; Production processes ; Results ; Search ; Web ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial support ; Foreign Direct Investment ; Foreign direct investment ; Foreign investment ; International Economics & Trade ; International investment ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Manufacturing ; Natural resources ; Private Sector Development ; Production processes ; Results ; Search ; Web ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial support ; Foreign Direct Investment ; Foreign direct investment ; Foreign investment ; International Economics & Trade ; International investment ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Manufacturing ; Natural resources ; Private Sector Development ; Production processes ; Results ; Search ; Web
    Abstract: This paper explores the impact of the emergence of China and India on foreign capital stocks in other economies. Using bilateral data from 1990-2003 and drawing from the knowledge-capital model of the multinational enterprises to control for fundamental determinants of foreign capital stocks across countries, the evidence suggests that the impact of foreign capital in China and India on other countries' foreign capital stocks has been positive. This finding is robust to the use of ordinary least squares, Poisson, and negative binomial estimators; to the inclusion of time and country-pair fixed effects; to the inclusion of natural-resource endowments; and to the use of the sum of foreign capital stocks in Hong Kong (China) and mainland China instead of using only the latter's foreign capital stocks. There is surprisingly weak evidence of substitution in manufacturing foreign capital stocks away from Central America and Mexico in favor of China, and from the Southern Cone countries to India, but these findings are not robust to the use of alternative estimation techniques
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Does Services Liberalization Benefit Manufacturing Firms ? : Evidence From The Czech Republic (2007)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (38 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Arnold, Jens Does Services Liberalization Benefit Manufacturing Firms ?
    Keywords: Bank ; Banking ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Credit Enterprises ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Education for the Knowledge ; Emerging Markets ; Equilibrium Models ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Foreign Entry ; Governments ; Industry ; Infrastructure ; Insurance ; Knowledge Economy ; Labor ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets ; Operations ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Social Protections and Labor ; Bank ; Banking ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Credit Enterprises ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Education for the Knowledge ; Emerging Markets ; Equilibrium Models ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Foreign Entry ; Governments ; Industry ; Infrastructure ; Insurance ; Knowledge Economy ; Labor ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets ; Operations ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Social Protections and Labor ; Bank ; Banking ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Credit Enterprises ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Education ; Education for the Knowledge ; Emerging Markets ; Equilibrium Models ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Foreign Entry ; Governments ; Industry ; Infrastructure ; Insurance ; Knowledge Economy ; Labor ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets ; Operations ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Social Protections and Labor
    Abstract: While there is considerable empirical evidence on the impact of liberalizing trade in goods, the effects of services liberalization have not been empirically established. Using firm-level data from the Czech Republic for the period 1998-2003, this study examines the link between services sector reforms and the productivity of domestic firms in downstream manufacturing. Several aspects of services reform are considered and measured, namely, the increased presence of foreign providers, privatization, and enhanced competition. The manufacturing-services linkage is measured using information on the degree to which manufacturing firms in a particular industry rely on intermediate inputs from specific services sectors. The econometric results lead to two conclusions. First, the study finds that services policy matters for the productivity of manufacturing firms relying on services inputs. This finding is robust to several econometric specifications, including controlling for unobservable firm heterogeneity and for other aspects of openness. Second, it finds evidence that opening services sectors to foreign providers is a key channel through which services liberalization contributes to improved performance of downstream manufacturing sectors. This finding is robust to instrumenting for the extent of foreign presence in services industries. As most barriers to foreign investment today are not in goods but in services sectors, the findings may strengthen the argument for reform in this area
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Do Institutions Matter More For Services ? (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (43 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Amin, Mohammad Do Institutions Matter More For Services ?
    Keywords: Accountability ; Bank ; Bribe ; Children and Youth ; Civil Law ; Corruption ; Corruption and Anticorruption Law ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Gender ; Gender and Law ; Governance ; Government ; Judicial Independence ; Labor Policies ; Law and Development ; Laws ; Legal Framework ; Legal Frameworks ; Legal Products ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Medium ; Police ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Social Protections and Labor ; Accountability ; Bank ; Bribe ; Children and Youth ; Civil Law ; Corruption ; Corruption and Anticorruption Law ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Gender ; Gender and Law ; Governance ; Government ; Judicial Independence ; Labor Policies ; Law and Development ; Laws ; Legal Framework ; Legal Frameworks ; Legal Products ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Medium ; Police ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Social Protections and Labor ; Accountability ; Bank ; Bribe ; Children and Youth ; Civil Law ; Corruption ; Corruption and Anticorruption Law ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Gender ; Gender and Law ; Governance ; Government ; Judicial Independence ; Labor Policies ; Law and Development ; Laws ; Legal Framework ; Legal Frameworks ; Legal Products ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Medium ; Police ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Social Protections and Labor
    Abstract: Recent empirical research has focused on the role of institutions in overall economic performance. This paper examines the impact of institutions on the relative performance of the service sector. Through cross-country level and growth regressions it establishes the following stylized fact: countries with better institutions have relatively larger and more dynamic service sectors. It suggests that regulatory and contract enforcing institutions play a key role in the development of service sectors because these sectors enter into a more complex web of transactions with the rest of the economy and are more prone to market failure due to asymmetric information
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Export Promotion Agencies : What Works And What Doesn't (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (48 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Lederman, Daniel Export Promotion Agencies
    Keywords: Asymmetric Information ; Budgetary Support ; Capacity Building ; Consumer Preferences ; Country Strategy and Performance ; Debt Markets ; Development ; Diminishing Returns ; E-Business ; Economic Justification ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Export Competitiveness ; Exports ; Externalities ; Failures ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Marketing ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Tax Law ; Trade Policy ; Asymmetric Information ; Budgetary Support ; Capacity Building ; Consumer Preferences ; Country Strategy and Performance ; Debt Markets ; Development ; Diminishing Returns ; E-Business ; Economic Justification ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Export Competitiveness ; Exports ; Externalities ; Failures ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Marketing ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Tax Law ; Trade Policy ; Asymmetric Information ; Budgetary Support ; Capacity Building ; Consumer Preferences ; Country Strategy and Performance ; Debt Markets ; Development ; Diminishing Returns ; E-Business ; Economic Justification ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Export Competitiveness ; Exports ; Externalities ; Failures ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Marketing ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Tax Law ; Trade Policy
    Abstract: The number of national export promotion agencies (EPAs) has tripled over the past two decades. While more countries have made them part of their national export strategy, studies have criticized their efficiency in developing countries. Partly in reaction to these critiques, EPAs have been retooled (see ITC 1998 or 2000, for example). This paper studies the impact of existing EPAs and their strategies based on a new data set covering 104 industrial and developing countries. Results suggest that on average they have a strong and statistically significant impact on exports. For each
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Services Inputs And Firm Productivity In Sub-Saharan Africa : Evidence From Firm-Level Data (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (16 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Arnold, Jens Matthias Services Inputs And Firm Productivity In Sub-Saharan Africa
    Keywords: Access To Services ; Communications ; Data ; E-Business ; Economic Activities ; Economic Theory and Research ; Electricity ; Electronic Delivery ; Enterprise Survey ; Enterprise Surveys ; Export Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Services ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Microfinance ; Private Sector Development ; Access To Services ; Communications ; Data ; E-Business ; Economic Activities ; Economic Theory and Research ; Electricity ; Electronic Delivery ; Enterprise Survey ; Enterprise Surveys ; Export Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Services ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Microfinance ; Private Sector Development ; Access To Services ; Communications ; Data ; E-Business ; Economic Activities ; Economic Theory and Research ; Electricity ; Electronic Delivery ; Enterprise Survey ; Enterprise Surveys ; Export Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Services ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Microfinance ; Private Sector Development
    Abstract: The authors investigate the relationship between the productivity of African manufacturing firms and their access to services inputs. They use data from the World Bank Enterprise Survey for over 1,000 firms in 10 Sub-Saharan African countries to calculate the total factor productivity of firms. The Enterprise Surveys also contain unique measures of firms' access to communications, electricity, and financial services. The availability of these measures at the firm level, both as subjective and objective indicators, allows the authors to exploit the variation in services performance at the subnational regional level. Furthermore, by using the regional variation in services performance, they are also able to address concerns about the possible endogeneity of the services variables. The results show a significant and positive relationship between firm productivity and service performance in all three services sectors analyzed. The authors thus provide support for the argument that improvements in services industries contribute to enhancing the performance of downstream economic activities, and thus are an essential element of a strategy for promoting growth and reducing poverty
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    China's Accession to the World Trade Organization : The Services Dimension (2002)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (36 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Mattoo, Aaditya China's Accession to the World Trade Organization
    Keywords: World Trade Organization ; General Agreement on Trade in Services ; Service industries Government policy ; Air ; Air Transport ; Airports ; Aviation Sector ; Costs ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economies of Scale ; Education ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Fixed Costs ; Freight ; ICT Policy and Strategies ; Information and Communication Technologies ; International Economics & Trade ; Investments ; Knowledge ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Maritime Transport ; Multimodal Transport ; Policies ; Private Sector Development ; Rates ; Trade and Services ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Air ; Air Transport ; Airports ; Aviation Sector ; Costs ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economies of Scale ; Education ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Fixed Costs ; Freight ; ICT Policy and Strategies ; Information and Communication Technologies ; International Economics & Trade ; Investments ; Knowledge ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Maritime Transport ; Multimodal Transport ; Policies ; Private Sector Development ; Rates ; Trade and Services ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; China Commercial policy
    Abstract: China's General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) commitments represent the most radical services reform program negotiated in the World Trade Organization. China has promised to eliminate over the next few years most restrictions on foreign entry and ownership, as well as most forms of discrimination against foreign firms. These changes are in themselves desirable. However, realizing the gains from, and perhaps even the sustainability of, liberalization will require the implementation of complementary regulatory reform and the appropriate sequencing of reforms. Three issues, in particular, merit attention: • Initial restrictions on the geographical scope of services liberalization could encourage the further agglomeration of economic activity in certain regions—to an extent that is unlikely to be reversed completely by subsequent countrywide liberalization. • Restrictions on foreign ownership (temporary in most sectors but more durable in telecommunications and life insurance) may dampen the incentives of foreign investors to improve firm performance. • Improved prudential regulation and measures to deal with the large burden of nonperforming loans on state banks are necessary to deliver the benefits of liberalization in financial services. And in basic telecommunications and other network-based services, meaningful liberalization will be difficult to achieve without strengthened pro-competitive regulation. This paper—a product of Trade, Development Research Group—is part of a larger effort in the group to assess the implications of services trade reform. This research is supported in part by the U.K. Department for International Development
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Trade Policies for Electronic Commerce (1999)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (32 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Mattoo, Aaditya Trade Policies for Electronic Commerce
    Keywords: Commodities ; Cross-Border Trade ; Customs ; Customs Duties ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Electronic Commerce ; Emerging Markets ; European Union ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Services ; Free Trade ; Free Trade ; Importing Country ; International Economics & Trade ; International Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Market Access ; National Treatment ; Preferential Trading Arrangements ; Preferential Treatment ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Recourse ; Tariff Reductions ; Trade ; Trade Diversion ; Trade Law ; Trade Policies ; Trade Policy ; Trade Regime ; Trade and Services ; Transport ; Transport and Trade Logistics ; World Trade Organization ; Commodities ; Cross-Border Trade ; Customs ; Customs Duties ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Electronic Commerce ; Emerging Markets ; European Union ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Services ; Free Trade ; Free Trade ; Importing Country ; International Economics & Trade ; International Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Market Access ; National Treatment ; Preferential Trading Arrangements ; Preferential Treatment ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Recourse ; Tariff Reductions ; Trade ; Trade Diversion ; Trade Law ; Trade Policies ; Trade Policy ; Trade Regime ; Trade and Services ; Transport ; Transport and Trade Logistics ; World Trade Organization
    Abstract: June 2000 - Members of the World Trade Organization have decided provisionally to exempt electronic delivery of products from customs duties. There is growing support for the decision to be made permanent. Is this desirable? Some countries in the World Trade Organization initially opposed WTO's decision to exempt electronic delivery of products from customs duties, out of concern for the revenue consequences. Others supported the decision as a means of securing open trading conditions. Mattoo and Schuknecht argue that neither the inhibitions nor the enthusiasm are fully justified. First, even if all delivery of digitizable media products moved online - an unlikely prospect - the revenue loss for most countries would be small. More important, however, the prohibition of customs duties does not ensure continued open access for electronically delivered products and may even prompt recourse to inferior instruments of protection. Barrier-free electronic commerce would be more effectively secured by deepening and widening the limited cross-border trade commitments under the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) and by clarifying and strengthening certain GATS disciplines. This paper-a product of Trade, Development Research Group-is part of a larger effort in the group to improve trade policy for goods and services. It is part of a larger project on trade in services supported in part by the United Kingdom's Department for International Development. Aaditya Mattoo may be contacted at amattooworldbank.org
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