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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Promoting inclusive growth through better regulation : the role of regulatory impact assessment (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 55 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD regulatory policy working papers no. 3
    Series Statement: OECD regulatory policy working papers
    Keywords: regulatory policy ; evaluation ; inclusive growth ; better regulation ; social welfare ; regulatory impact assessment ; Governance ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Regulatory Impact Assessment (RIA) is a critical tool in the hands of governments to ensure that regulation achieves its objectives. Inclusive growth has become an important objective of the political agenda of OECD countries. This paper examines the potential contribution of RIA to better incorporating the inclusive growth perspective in regulatory decision-making. It does this by reviewing current RIA policies and guidance documents in a range of OECD countries, by reviewing the literature on the use of RIA to address social and environmental issues and by sampling a number of recent RIA from leading countries. Building on the available evidence, the paper proposes a number of principles and considerations for decision-makers to design appropriate systems and mechanisms for addressing inclusive growth in RIA.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jm3tqwqp1vj-en
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  • 2
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    International trade and good regulatory practices : assessing the trade impacts of regulation (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD regulatory policy working papers no. 4
    Series Statement: OECD regulatory policy working papers
    Keywords: ex post evaluation ; good regulatory practices ; stakeholder engagement ; regulatory impact assessment ; regulatory policy ; Governance ; Trade ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Good Regulatory Practices encompassing the use of regulatory impact assessments, stakeholder engagement and ex post evaluation are a critical tool in the hands of governments to ensure that regulation achieves its objectives. Over the past several years, attention has grown for the trade costs of regulatory divergence. Diverging regulation may increase the costs to trade goods and services across borders. While regulatory divergence is often the result of diverging national public policy objectives, it may be the undesired result of rule-making ignoring the international regulatory environment and interconnectedness of our societies and economies. Good Regulatory Practices provide governments with tools, processes and strategic approaches that can help them identify and evaluate the trade impacts of their regulatory action. The paper reviews the theoretical and practical contribution of GRP to mainstreaming international trade considerations in regulatory decision-making and to addressing regulatory divergence. It does so by reviewing the relevant academic literature, GRP guidelines of a number of OECD members and examples of how GRP and in particular regulatory impact assessments are used to consider the trade impacts of regulation. Building on the available evidence, the paper discusses how decision-makers may enhance the use of GRP to address international trade considerations in regulatory policy-making.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jlv59hdgtf5-en
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  • 3
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    The contribution of mutual recognition to international regulatory co-operation (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 91 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD regulatory policy working papers no. 2
    Series Statement: OECD regulatory policy working papers
    Keywords: regulatory policy ; mutual recognition ; trade agreements ; Governance ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This study takes stock of the institutional setting, operational modalities, strengths and weaknesses of various forms of mutual recognition when used in different sector and country contexts. It aims to build a greater understanding of the benefits and pitfalls of one of the 11 mechanisms of international regulatory co-operation identified by the OECD Regulatory Policy Committee in OECD (2013), International Regulatory Co-operation: Addressing Global Challenges. The paper relies on an empirical stocktaking of mutual recognition agreements (MRAs) among selected OECD countries, the systematic review of mutual recognition clauses in trade agreements, case studies of the specific experience of the EU internal market, the Trans-Tasman arrangement, and the MRA between the US and the EU of 1998, and an extensive review of the literature.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jm56fqsfxmx-en
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Building regulatory policy systems in OECD countries (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
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    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD regulatory policy working papers no. 5
    Series Statement: OECD regulatory policy working papers
    Keywords: evidence-based decision making ; regulatory impact assessment ; ex post evaluation ; stakeholder engagement ; transparency ; open government ; Governance ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper exploits the rich dataset collected in the context of the 2014 Regulatory Indicators Survey to analyse how countries put in place the building blocks of their regulatory policy systems. It complements the 2015 OECD Regulatory Policy Outlook by systematically examining country practices in the areas of regulatory impact assessment, stakeholder consultation and ex post evaluation of regulations. In particular, it seeks to inform discussions about the sequencing of measures in implementing policy in these three areas, through the adoption of legal requirements, the development of appropriate methodology, the establishment of transparency mechanisms and of oversight and quality control. In order to provide concrete illustration and lay the ground for practical reform advice, the paper identifies groupings of countries around the emphasis they put on each of these tools.
    DOI: 10.1787/dbb1a18f-en
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  • 5
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    Access to Drinking Water and Sanitation in Africa (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 2 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Policy Insights no.41
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'accès à l'eau potable et à l'assainissement en Afrique
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Africa is unlikely to reach the drinking water and sanitation Millennium Development Goals. Disparities among countries are large, and the deficit in sanitation is greater than that for drinking water. Serious reforms in institutions, legal frameworks, and policies are needed.
    DOI: 10.1787/244478344264
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  • 6
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    Concevoir des subventions pro-pauvres pour les services d'eau potable et d'assainissement en Afrique (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 2 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Centre de développement de l'OCDE - Repères no.42
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Facing Pro-poor Design of Subsidies for Drinking Water and Sanitation Services in Africa
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Face à la pauvreté, à l’ampleur des besoins d’infrastructures et à l’énorme retard pris dans la construction de systèmes d’assainissement, l’Afrique est forcée de recourir à des subventions croisées et à des aides publiques. L’aide accordée actuellement aux pauvres pour la prise en charge des coûts mensuels d’accès aux services d’eau potable et d’assainissement doit être conjuguée à des subventions aux frais de raccordement initial, afin d’accélérer le développement de l’accès. La pérennité financière passe par un financement à long terme des subventions et l’optimisation de leur utilisation, en ciblant mieux les pauvres et en adoptant des critères de résultat.démocratisation
    DOI: 10.1787/243612531184
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  • 7
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    L' accès à l'eau potable et à l'assainissement en Afrique (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 2 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Centre de développement de l'OCDE - Repères no.41
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Access to Drinking Water and Sanitation in Africa
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: L’Afrique a peu de chances d’atteindre les objectifs du Millénaire pour le développement (OMD) relatifs à l’eau potable et à l’assainissement. Les écarts entre pays restent importants et l’assainissement a pris beaucoup de retard par rapport à l’eau potable. De profondes réformes des institutions, des cadres juridiques et des politiques sont indispensables pour garantir un élargissement durable de l’accès à l’eau potable et à l’assainissement tout en préservant l’environnement.
    DOI: 10.1787/243802036270
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  • 8
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    Privatisation in the Meda Region : Where do we stand? (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 57 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.261
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: This paper builds on a new database (PRIVMEDA) in order to assess the progress of the privatisation process in the MEDA countries of Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Malta, Morocco, Syria, Tunisia and Turkey. The first part of the paper offers an overview of the privatisation record from 1990 to 2006. It shows that, as in other parts of the world, the first wave of privatisations in the 1990s, which focused almost exclusively on profit-making enterprises in the tourism, transport, food and construction material sectors, slowed down towards the early 2000s and rebounded in 2005 when larger utilities where earmarked for sale. The second part of the paper assesses the outcome of the privatisation process in light of three key objectives: fiscal proceeds, economic efficiency and the development of the local private sector. It concludes that privatisation in the MEDA region can successfully promote efficiency and private sector development only when embedded in a package of measures, including the setting up of a proper regulatory framework, the improvement of the business climate and the liberalisation of financial markets.
    DOI: 10.1787/121331288232
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  • 9
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    Facing Pro-poor Design of Subsidies for Drinking Water and Sanitation Services in Africa (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 2 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Policy Insights no.42
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Concevoir des subventions pro-pauvres pour les services d'eau potable et d'assainissement en Afrique
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Limited capacity to pay, large infrastructure needs and a huge backlog in the construction of sanitation facilities make recourse to cross-subsidies and government-funded subsidies a necessity in Africa. * This Policy Insights introduces the African Economic Outlook 2007.
    DOI: 10.1787/243767228678
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Is More Money Enough to Fix Africa's Transport Infrastructure? (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 2 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Policy Insights no.21
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Plus d'argent : Est-ce suffisant pour réhabiliter les infrastructures de transport en Afrique?
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Transport infrastructure has been dangerously neglected in recent times. Lack of transport infrastructure impedes economic integration and poverty reduction. Involving the private sector in financing the transport infrastructure is proving harder than anticipated.
    DOI: 10.1787/246064082316
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  • 11
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    Plus d'argent : Est-ce suffisant pour réhabiliter les infrastructures de transport en Afrique? (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 2 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Centre de développement de l'OCDE - Repères no.21
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Is More Money Enough to Fix Africa's Transport Infrastructure?
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Les infrastructures de transport ont été dangereusement négligées ces dernières années en Afrique. Le manque d’infrastructures de transport est un frein à l’intégration économique et à la réduction de la pauvreté.
    DOI: 10.1787/246048885503
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  • 12
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    African Economic Outlook 2006 : A Two-speed Continent? (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 2 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Policy Insights no.22
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Perspectives économiques en Afrique 2006 : Un continent à deux vitesses ?
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Africa’s economic progress now seems on a firm footing after a third straight year of satisfactory performance in 2005, with overall growth of 5 per cent, average per capita income up 3 per cent and inflation steady at under 10 per cent. Two-thirds of the 30 countries surveyed in the Africa Economic Outlook report showed a net growth ininvestment that was by far the best in seven years.
    DOI: 10.1787/245865188678
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  • 13
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    Perspectives économiques en Afrique 2006 : Un continent à deux vitesses ? (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 2 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Centre de développement de l'OCDE - Repères no.22
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. African Economic Outlook 2006: A Two-speed Continent?
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Avec, en 2005, et pour la troisième année consécutive, des performances satisfaisantes, l’embellie des économies africaines semble devoir se prolonger. Cependant la persistance d’un prix élevé du pétrole constitue à moyen terme un risque important pour les importateurs africains d’hydrocarbures.
    DOI: 10.1787/246170478601
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  • 14
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    Le financement des PME en Afrique (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 6 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Centre de développement de l'OCDE - Repères no.7
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Financing SMEs in Africa
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: L’accès limité au financement est un obstacle majeur au développement des petites et moyennes entreprises en Afrique dans la mesure où les institutions de financement sont frileuses lorsqu’il s’agit de prêter à des entreprises perçues comme très risquée.
    DOI: 10.1787/010624746507
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  • 15
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    Financing SMEs in Africa (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 4 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Policy Insights no.7
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le financement des PME en Afrique
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Limited access to finance is a major obstacle to development of SMEs in Africa as their inherent higher perceived risk makes financial institutions reluctant to lend to them and adequate financial instruments lack.
    DOI: 10.1787/021052635664
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  • 16
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    Energy and Poverty in Africa (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 6 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Policy Insights no.8
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Énergie et pauvreté en Afrique
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Access to energy is essential for economic, social and political development. Despite its enormous potential in fossil and renewable energy sources, Africa suffers from major energy deficits. The continent’s resources are underexploited or exported in raw form or wasted in the course of extraction or transport. As a result, supplies available for local populations are largely insufficient and energy consumption is essentially reliant on biomass.
    DOI: 10.1787/020412410348
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  • 17
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    Online Resource
    Énergie et pauvreté en Afrique (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 6 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Centre de développement de l'OCDE - Repères no.8
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Energy and Poverty in Africa
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: L’accès à l’énergie est une composante essentielle du développement économique, social et politique. Malgré un potentiel énorme en énergies fossiles et renouvelables, l’Afrique présente des déficits énergétiques importants. Les ressources du continent sont sous-exploitées, ou exportées sous forme brute, ou bien encore gaspillées lors de l’extraction ou du transport. En conséquence, l’offre disponible pour les populations est largement insuffisante et la consommation d’énergie s’articule essentiellement autour de la biomasse.
    DOI: 10.1787/010307254158
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  • 18
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    Decentralisation and Poverty in Developing Countries : Exploring the Impact (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 59 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.236
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Decentralisation has been advocated by donors and development agencies as an important factor broadening citizen participation and improving local governance, thereby promoting poverty reduction from the bottom up. On the basis of a comprehensive review of 19 country case studies documented in the literature, this paper questions this assumption.
    DOI: 10.1787/132704628030
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  • 19
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    Privatisation in Sub-Saharan Africa : Where Do We Stand? (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264020382
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (156 p.)
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Privatisation en Afrique subsaharienne ; un état des lieux
    Keywords: Governance ; Development
    Abstract: This book examines recent progress made in the region’s privatisation effort in Sub-Saharan Africa. With cumulative proceeds of privatisation accounting for just $8 billion compared to $46 billion in transition economies over the same period, it is clearly still in its infancy. The report charts progress, outlines methods used, and questions whether the objectives have been achieved. It also examines the impact privatisation has had on alleviating poverty. It is for policy makers, advisers and donors and research institutes involved in the privatisation process.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264020382-en
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