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  • OECD  (13,139)
  • International Energy Agency  (150)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (13,266)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing and  (22)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report : inclusive framework on BEPS: action 14 (2021-)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Show associated volumes/articles
    Details
    Language: English
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 base erosion and profit shifting project
    Keywords: Steuerpolitik ; Konfliktregelung ; Welt ; OECD-Staaten ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    URL: kostenfrei
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    How do public and private schools differ in OECD countries? (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Education Indicators in Focus no.84
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Private schools cater for around 1 in 5 students from pre-primary to the end of secondary education, a share that has not changed materially since 2015. They enjoy greater autonomy, suffer fewer shortages of all kinds and handled the COVID-19 pandemic better than public schools. Although their students achieved better results in PISA 2022 in many countries, this is mainly because they enrol more students from advantaged socio-economic backgrounds than their public counterparts. The main challenge in many countries today is to increase the social mix in public and private schools, which is why many efforts have been made in this direction over the past decade.
    DOI: 10.1787/90348307-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    2023 OECD Digital Government Index : Results and key findings (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (37 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Policy Papers no.44
    Keywords: E-Government ; Digitalisierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Governance
    Abstract: Digital government is essential to transform government processes and services in ways that improve the responsiveness and reliability of the public sector. During the COVID-19 pandemic it also proved crucial to governments' ability to continue operating in times of crisis and provide timely services to citizens and businesses. Yet, for the digital transformation to be sustainable in the long term, it needs solid foundations, including adaptable governance arrangements, reliable and resilient digital public infrastructure, and a prospective approach to governing with emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence. This paper presents the main findings of the 2023 edition of the OECD Digital Government Index (DGI), which benchmarks the efforts made by governments to establish the foundations necessary for a coherent, human-centred digital transformation of the public sector. It comprises 155 data points from 33 member countries, 4 accession countries and 1 partner country collected in 2022, covering the period between 01 January 2020 and 31 October 2022.
    DOI: 10.1787/1a89ed5e-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Lietuva: Šalies sveikatos profilis 2023 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264770171
    Language: Lithuanian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Lithuania: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Lithuania
    Abstract: Šiame profilyje glaustai apžvelgiama Lietuvos sveikatos būklė ir sveikatos priežiūros sistema, atsižvelgiant į platesnę iniciatyvos "Sveikatos būklė ES" šalių sveikatos profilių seriją. Jame pateikiama glausta analizė, apimanti šiuos pagrindinius aspektus: dabartinę Lietuvos sveikatos būklę, sveikatą lemiančius veiksnius, daugiausia dėmesio skiriant elgsenos rizikos veiksniams, Lietuvos sveikatos priežiūros sistemos organizavimą ir sveikatos sistemos veiksmingumo, prieinamumo ir atsparumo vertinimą. Be to, 2023 m. leidime pateikiamas teminis skyrius apie psichikos sveikatos būklę ir susijusias paslaugas Lietuvoje. Šis profilis yra bendras EBPO ir Europos sveikatos sistemų ir politikos observatorijos darbas, atliktas bendradarbiaujant su Europos Komisija.
    DOI: 10.1787/39e5feaa-lt
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Česko: zdravotní profil země 2023 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264439276
    Language: Czech
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Czechia: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Czechia
    Abstract: Tento profil poskytuje stručný a politicky zaměřený přehled o zdravotním stavu a systému zdravotní péče v Česku, který je součástí širší série zdravotních profilů zemí v rámci iniciativy Stav zdraví v EU. Představuje stručnou analýzu zahrnující následující klíčové aspekty: současný zdravotní stav v Česku, determinanty zdraví se zaměřením na rizikové faktory chování, organizaci českého zdravotnického systému a hodnocení účinnosti, dostupnosti a odolnosti zdravotnického systému. Vydání pro rok 2023 navíc přináší tematickou část věnovanou stavu duševního zdraví a souvisejících služeb v Česku. Tento profil vznikl ve spolupráci OECD a Evropské observatoře zdravotnických systémů a politik ve spolupráci s Evropskou komisí.
    DOI: 10.1787/c0c44f04-cs
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Polska: Profil systemu ochrony zdrowia 2023 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264769946
    Language: Polish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Poland: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Poland
    Abstract: Niniejszy profil stanowi zwięzły i ukierunkowany na politykę przegląd stanu zdrowia i systemu opieki zdrowotnej w Polsce, będący częścią szerszej serii krajowych profili zdrowotnych w ramach inicjatywy State of Health in the EU. Przedstawiono w nim zwięzłą analizę obejmującą następujące kluczowe aspekty: obecny stan zdrowia w Polsce; uwarunkowania zdrowia, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem behawioralnych czynników ryzyka; organizację polskiego systemu opieki zdrowotnej; oraz ocenę skuteczności, dostępności i odporności systemu opieki zdrowotnej. Ponadto edycja 2023 zawiera sekcję tematyczną dotyczącą stanu zdrowia psychicznego i powiązanych z nim usług w Polsce. Niniejszy profil jest wspólnym wysiłkiem OECD i Europejskiego Obserwatorium Polityki i Systemów Opieki Zdrowotnej, realizowanym we współpracy z Komisją Europejską.
    DOI: 10.1787/b12d3d03-pl
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fiscal Sustainability of Health Systems : How to Finance More Resilient Health Systems When Money Is Tight? (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264913097 , 9789264394872 , 9789264379046
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (207 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Gesundheitsfinanzierung ; Gesundheitskosten ; Gesundheitswesen ; Finanzpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Finding sufficient funds to pay for more resilient health systems is challenging in the current economic context. COVID-19 has shown the need for additional targeted spending on public health interventions, the digital transformation of health systems, and bolstering the health workforce. Rising incomes, technological innovation and changing demographics put further upward pressure on health spending. This could result in health spending reaching 11.8% of GDP across OECD counties by 2040. This publication explores the policy options to finance more resilient health systems whilst maintaining fiscal sustainability. It finds that the scale of the additional health financing needs requires ambitious and transformative policy changes. Robust actions to encourage healthier populations and policies to reduce ineffective spending can put future health expenditure on a far gentler upward trajectory. These would enable spending to reach a more sustainable 10.6% of GDP in 2040. Better budgetary governance is critical. It improves how public funds for health are determined, executed and evaluated. Therefore, a focus of this report is on how good budgeting practices can increase the efficiency of current public spending, and also enable more ambitious policy changes in the medium to longer-term. Findings of this report are targeted at health and finance policy makers, with improved dialogue between health and finance ministries especially important when governments are operating in a constrained fiscal setting.
    DOI: 10.1787/880f3195-en
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ελλάδα: Προφίλ Υγείας 2023 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264782389
    Language: Greek, Modern (1453- )
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Greece: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Greece
    Abstract: Tο παρόν προφίλ παρέχει μια συνοπτική και επικεντρωμένη στην πολιτική επισκόπηση της κατάστασης της υγείας και του συστήματος υγειονομικής περίθαλψης στην Ελλάδα, ως μέρος της ευρύτερης σειράς προφίλ υγείας χωρών της πρωτοβουλίας "Η κατάσταση της υγείας στην ΕΕ". Παρουσιάζει μια συνοπτική ανάλυση που περιλαμβάνει τις ακόλουθες βασικές πτυχές: την τρέχουσα κατάσταση της υγείας στην Ελλάδα, τους καθοριστικούς παράγοντες της υγείας, με έμφαση στους παράγοντες κινδύνου συμπεριφοράς, την οργάνωση του ελληνικού συστήματος υγειονομικής περίθαλψης και μια αξιολόγηση της αποτελεσματικότητας, της προσβασιμότητας και της ανθεκτικότητας του συστήματος υγείας. Επιπλέον, η έκδοση του 2023 παρουσιάζει μια θεματική ενότητα για την κατάσταση της ψυχικής υγείας και των σχετικών υπηρεσιών στην Ελλάδα. Το προφίλ αυτό αποτελεί κοινή προσπάθεια του ΟΟΣΑ και του Ευρωπαϊκού Παρατηρητηρίου Συστημάτων και Πολιτικών Υγείας, που πραγματοποιήθηκε σε συνεργασία με την Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή.
    DOI: 10.1787/5753e659-el
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Luxembourg : Profil de santé par pays 2023 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264604582
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Luxembourg: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Luxembourg
    Abstract: Ce profil fournit un aperçu concis de l'état de santé et du système de santé au Luxembourg, dans le cadre de la série des profils de santé par pays de l'initiative sur l'état de santé dans l'UE. Il présente une analyse succincte de l'état de santé de la population au Luxembourg ; les déterminants de la santé, en mettant l'accent sur les facteurs de risque comportementaux ; l'organisation du système de santé luxembourgeois ; et une évaluation de l'efficacité, l'accessibilité et la résilience du système de santé. L'édition 2023 présente aussi une section thématique sur la santé mentale au Luxembourg. Ce profil est le fruit d'une collaboration entre l'OCDE et l'Observatoire européen des systèmes et des politiques de santé, en coopération avec la Commission Européenne.
    DOI: 10.1787/651fedbb-fr
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Peer Reviews of Competition Law and Policy: Dominican Republic (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264780781 , 9789264767607 , 9789264974531
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (85 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Competition Law and Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Exámenes Inter-Pares sobre el Derecho y Política de Competencia: República Dominicana
    Keywords: Wettbewerbsrecht ; Wettbewerbspolitik ; Dominikanische Republik ; Finance and Investment ; Dominican Republic
    Abstract: Peer reviews of competition law and policy are a valuable tool to reform and strengthen a country’s competition framework. This peer review of the Dominican Republic presents the evolution of its competition regime over the last few years and assesses the effectiveness of its current competition law and policy. It provides recommendations to help the Dominican Republic strengthen its competition regime and institutions, developed and discussed at the Peer Review examination carried out during the 2023 OECD-IDB Latin American and Caribbean Competition Forum.
    DOI: 10.1787/18f04007-en
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Un équilibre précaire ? Instabilité des revenus et insécurité économique en Europe (version abrégée) (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264365162 , 9789264789692 , 9789264610194
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (39 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe On Shaky Ground? Income Instability and Economic Insecurity in Europe
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Les mutations économiques et technologiques des dernières décennies ont rendu les perspectives économiques individuelles plus incertaines. Si les formes d’emploi atypiques et la transformation numérique ont ouvert le champ des possibles, elles ont aussi, comme les grands chocs économiques récents, exposé de nombreuses personnes à une fluctuation de leurs revenus, un phénomène désigné sous le nom « d’instabilité des revenus ». Dans la mesure où la situation professionnelle et personnelle des individus peut changer à plusieurs reprises au cours d’une même année, ce rapport s’appuie sur de nouvelles techniques pour déterminer les personnes les plus exposées à l’instabilité des revenus dans les pays européens de l’OCDE, et étudie les retombées de cette instabilité sur la vie quotidienne, la mobilité sociale et les inégalités. L’instabilité des revenus peut être difficile à gérer pour les personnes qui ne disposent pas des ressources financières nécessaires pour lisser leurs revenus. Dans ce rapport, les personnes qui sont à la fois exposées à l’instabilité des revenus et vulnérables dans ce contexte sont considérées en situation d’insécurité économique. L’insécurité économique touche principalement les personnes qui ont des liens ténus avec le marché du travail et celles qui ne sont pas en situation de profiter des avantages tirés de la transformation numérique. Les personnes exposées au risque d’insécurité économique sont plus susceptibles que les autres d’être inquiètes quant à la possibilité de perdre leur emploi et, comme en attestent d’autres recherches, de connaître des problèmes de santé, de souffrir d’insécurité alimentaire et d’obtenir de mauvais résultats en termes de développement dans l’enfance, autant de freins potentiels à la mobilité sociale. Enfin, le rapport passe en revue une panoplie de mesures conçues pour améliorer la réactivité des systèmes de protection sociale, de sorte à mieux soutenir les personnes aux revenus très instables ; il étudie en outre différentes pistes d’action pour aider les plus exposés au risque d’insécurité économique à se constituer des réserves financières.
    DOI: 10.1787/5dd5d39e-fr
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Handbook on the Compilation of Household Distributional Results on Income, Consumption and Saving in Line with National Accounts Totals (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264343115 , 9789264396784 , 9789264782051
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (203 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Privater Konsum ; Sparen ; Privater Haushalt ; Volkswirtschaftliche Gesamtrechnung ; Einkommensverteilung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
    Abstract: This publication presents guidance for the compilation of distributional results on household income, consumption and saving consistent with national accounts totals. These results are a key input for evidence-based policies targeting inequality and fostering inclusive growth, providing insights into key dimensions of material well-being across household groups. The results complement existing inequality measures by including elements that are often lacking from micro statistics and by providing inequality measures consistent with macroeconomic aggregates, broadening the scope for analyses, while also capturing households and transactions that are typically underrepresented in micro data. Moreover, while the estimates do require a number of statistical choices and assumptions, they have a high degree of international comparability because of the common methodology and their alignment to national accounts results. The handbook provides an overview of the conceptual framework underlying the distributional results and discusses various aspects in relation to the compilation and presentation of the distributional results. It aims to assist compilers in deriving high-quality distributional results and to provide users with more insights into the main benefits of these results as well as into the way that the results have been derived.
    DOI: 10.1787/5a3b9119-en
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Exámenes Inter-Pares sobre el Derecho y Política de Competencia: República Dominicana (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264740976 , 9789264649675 , 9789264589469
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (96 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Peer Reviews of Competition Law and Policy: Dominican Republic
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Dominican Republic
    Abstract: Los Exámenes Inter-Pares sobre el Derecho y Política de Competencia son una herramienta valiosa para reformar y fortalecer el marco de competencia de un país. Este examen inter-pares de la República Dominicana presenta la evolución de su régimen de competencia en los últimos años y evalúa la eficacia de su actual legislación y política de competencia. El examen proporciona recomendaciones para ayudar a la República Dominicana a fortalecer su régimen de competencia y sus instituciones, desarrolladas y discutidas en el examen inter-pares llevado a cabo durante el Foro de Competencia de América Latina y el Caribe OCDE-BID 2023.
    DOI: 10.1787/82adc1ba-es
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  • 14
    Online Resource
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    Consumer Finance Risk Monitor (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264319882 , 9789264952195 , 9789264376472
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (108 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Finanzprodukt ; Private Finanzplanung ; Verbraucherkredit ; Finanzrisiko ; Verbraucherschutz ; Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Using original data collected from governments around the globe, the Consumer Finance Risk Monitor analyses the constantly evolving issues and risks facing consumers of financial products and services. It examines consumer harms and complaints in five product markets (banking and payments, credit, insurance, investments and pensions) and describes regulatory and supervisory responses to address market conduct risks. It also presents data on financial scams and frauds, highlights tools used to monitor risks, and identifies consumer protection policy responses.
    DOI: 10.1787/047b2ea6-en
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  • 15
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    Rethinking Health System Performance Assessment : A Renewed Framework (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264944329 , 9789264653399 , 9789264507401
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (60 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Repenser l'évaluation de la performance des systèmes de santé : Un cadre renouvelé
    Keywords: Gesundheitswesen ; Performance-Messung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Health systems are under intense pressure to adapt to evolving needs and megatrends driven by population ageing, digitalisation, and climate change. They also need to be better prepared to withstand sudden, large-scale shocks such as pandemics, financial crises, natural disasters, or cyberattacks. This shifting policy context and emerging challenges called for a revision in how OECD countries assess health system performance, to help ensure that health systems meet people’s health needs and preferences while providing quality healthcare for all. This document presents the OECD’s renewed health system performance assessment framework. It incorporates new performance dimensions, notably people-centredness, resilience, and environmental sustainability, and places increased emphasis on addressing inequalities, including those related to gender. This framework expands on existing OECD efforts in these domains and integrates the most recent advancements in health system performance assessment. By offering common definitions and fostering a shared understanding among policy makers, stakeholders and organisations, the updated framework will enhance international collaboration. Furthermore, it lays the foundation for developing future indicators, facilitating data collection, policy analysis, and the integration of knowledge.
    DOI: 10.1787/107182c8-en
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  • 16
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    Taming wildfires in the context of climate change: The case of the United States (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (32 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Environment Policy Papers no.40
    Keywords: Feuer ; Klimawandel ; Brandschutz ; USA ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Environment ; Governance ; United States
    Abstract: The frequency and severity of extreme wildfires are on the rise in the United States, causing unprecedented disruption and increasingly challenging the country’s capacity to contain losses and damages. These challenges are set to keep growing in the context of climate change, highlighting the need to scale up wildfire prevention and climate change adaptation. This paper provides an overview of the United States’ wildfire policies and practices and assesses the extent to which wildfire management in the country is evolving to adapt to growing wildfire risk under climate change.
    DOI: 10.1787/ef69cc94-en
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  • 17
    Online Resource
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    Migration and regional innovation in Australia (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Regional Development Papers no.66
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Australia
    Abstract: This paper provides evidence on the impact of international migrants on regional innovation. The study combines administrative individual-level data covering all Australian residents with data on intellectual property rights applications such as patents, trademarks, and design rights. The analysis uses a standard shift-share instrument based on past migrant settlements to identify the causal effects of migration on innovation. Its four main findings are the following: First, on average, a one percentage point increase in the regional employment share of higher-educated migrants relative to total employment leads to a 4.8% rise in regional patent applications in the medium run (five years). Second, while migrants of all skill and education levels have a positive impact on patenting, those in scientific occupations have the largest effect. Third, regions with lower levels of patenting benefit relatively more from increases in migration compared to those with higher patenting levels. Fourth, there is no effect of migration on trademarks or design rights applications.
    DOI: 10.1787/6d6ff472-en
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  • 18
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    Stress professionnel chez les enseignants : Que nous apprennent les données TALIS ? (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: L'enseignement à la loupe no.46
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Unravelling the layers of teachers’ work-related stress
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: À l’heure où nombre de pays s’efforcent de renforcer l’attrait de la profession enseignante, il apparaît donc essentiel de mieux comprendre les sources de stress dans ce métier. C’est dans cette optique que ce numéro se propose d’étudier les données de l’édition 2018 de l’enquête TALIS sur les enseignants du premier cycle du secondaire afin de déterminer si les sources de stress des enseignants varient en fonction du milieu socio-économique de leurs élèves. Il examine en outre les facteurs de stress les plus susceptibles d’être associés au niveau de satisfaction professionnelle des enseignants et à leur intention de rester dans la profession.
    DOI: 10.1787/9c19d674-fr
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  • 19
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    Mainstreaming Biodiversity into Renewable Power Infrastructure (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264912564 , 9789264753297 , 9789264675803
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (186 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Artenvielfalt ; Erneuerbare Energie ; Energieinfrastruktur ; Energy ; Environment
    Abstract: As countries scale up climate action, they face the challenge of expanding renewable power while tackling biodiversity loss. Transitioning away from fossil fuels can reduce climate-related pressure on biodiversity, but brings its own risks. Unless carefully managed, the expansion of renewable power could compromise biodiversity. This report synthesises evidence on biodiversity impacts from renewable power infrastructure, with a focus on solar power, wind power and power lines. It identifies opportunities for mainstreaming biodiversity into power sector planning and policy to deliver better outcomes for nature and the climate. Drawing on good practice insights from across the globe, the report offers governments recommendations to align renewable power expansion with biodiversity goals.
    DOI: 10.1787/357ac474-en
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  • 20
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    Portugal: Perfil de Saúde do País 2023 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264362321
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (28 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Portugal: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Portugal
    Abstract: Este perfil providencia uma visão geral e concisa, centrada nas políticas, sobre o estado da saúde e o sistema de saúde portugueses, fazendo parte da série mais alargada de perfis de saúde nacionais da iniciativa “O Estado de Saúde na UE”. Este trabalho apresenta uma análise sucinta que engloba os seguintes aspectos fundamentais: o estado atual da saúde em Portugal; os determinantes da saúde, em particular os factores de risco comportamentais; a organização do sistema de saúde português; e uma avaliação da eficácia, acessibilidade e resiliência do sistema de saúde. Adicionalmente, a edição de 2023 apresenta uma secção temática sobre o estado da saúde mental e serviços associados em Portugal. Este perfil resulta da colaboração entre a OCDE e o Observatório Europeu dos Sistemas e Políticas de Saúde, em cooperação com a Comissão Europeia.
    DOI: 10.1787/6be7d83c-pt
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  • 21
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    Suomi: Maan terveysprofiili 2023 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264317017
    Language: Finnish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Finland: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Finland
    Abstract: Tässä profiilissa esitetään tiivis ja politiikkaan keskittyvä yleiskatsaus Suomen terveydentilaan ja terveydenhuoltojärjestelmään osana laajempaa State of Health in the EU -aloitteen maakohtaisten terveysprofiilien sarjaa. Siinä esitetään tiivis analyysi, joka kattaa seuraavat keskeiset näkökohdat: Suomen nykyinen terveydentila, terveyden taustatekijät, erityisesti käyttäytymiseen liittyvät riskitekijät, Suomen terveydenhuoltojärjestelmän organisaatio sekä arviointi terveydenhuoltojärjestelmän tehokkuudesta, saatavuudesta ja joustavuudesta. Lisäksi vuoden 2023 painoksessa esitetään temaattinen osio mielenterveyden ja siihen liittyvien palvelujen tilasta Suomessa. Tämä profiili on OECD:n ja Euroopan terveydenhuoltojärjestelmien ja -politiikkojen seurantakeskuksen yhteistyössä Euroopan komission kanssa toteuttama yhteistyöhanke.
    DOI: 10.1787/dcbda54d-fi
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  • 22
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    България: Здравен профил за страната 2023 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264717800
    Language: Bulgarian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Bulgaria: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Bulgaria
    Abstract: Tози профил предоставя кратък и ориентиран към политиката преглед на състоянието на здравето и системата на здравеопазването в България, като част от по-широката поредица здравни профили на страните от инициативата "Състояние на здравето в ЕС". В него е представен кратък анализ, обхващащ следните ключови аспекти: текущото състояние на здравето в България; детерминантите на здравето, с акцент върху поведенческите рискови фактори; организацията на българската система на здравеопазване; и оценка на ефективността, достъпността и устойчивостта на здравната система. Освен това в изданието за 2023 г. е представен тематичен раздел за състоянието на психичното здраве и свързаните с него услуги в България. Този профил е резултат от съвместните усилия на ОИСР и Европейската обсерватория за здравни системи и политики, осъществени в сътрудничество с Европейската комисия.
    DOI: 10.1787/12bffa71-bg
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  • 23
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    The right conditions: Systemic enablers for a culture of research engagement in education (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (10 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Education Spotlights no.9
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Research evidence in education serves as a compass, directing stakeholders towards informed choices that drive educational progress, enhance teaching methodologies, address inequities and support resource optimisation. Overcoming the challenges of harnessing research evidence in education by policy makers and practitioners involves fostering a culture of research engagement. This Education Spotlight draws on an international Policy Survey conducted with Ministries of Education from 37 education systems, and other evidence from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation publication Who Really Cares About Using Education Research in Policy and Practice? Developing a Culture of Research Engagement (OECD, 2023[1]) and beyond to explore the following questions: • Which systemic conditions, such as resources, infrastructures, and leadership, matter for the development (or transformation) of an organisational and system-level culture of research engagement? How do these conditions relate to one another? • How can these conditions be developed to best support education research engagement from the system level? This Spotlight reflects on the elements at the system level that are crucial for establishing such a culture for policy makers and practitioners. It does so with the understanding that complex systems require thinking strategically and employing systems approaches to knowledge mobilisation, alongside the more commonly used linear models of disseminating evidence or relational ones focusing on partnerships and networks.
    DOI: 10.1787/9f3596de-en
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  • 24
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    L’insécurité économique en Europe et ses remèdes possibles (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (11 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Les synthèses de l’OCDE sur le bien-être, l’inclusion et l’égalité des chances no.14
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Economic insecurity in Europe and potential policy responses
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Avec les mutations économiques et technologiques enregistrées au cours des dernières décennies, les perspectives économiques individuelles sont aujourd’hui plus incertaines qu’autrefois. La présente synthèse résume les principales conclusions du rapport Un équilibre précaire ? Instabilité des revenus et insécurité économique en Europe, le premier produit par l’Observatoire de l’OCDE sur la mobilité sociale et l’égalité des chances. Ses auteurs ont fait appel à des techniques innovantes pour identifier les catégories de population en situation d’insécurité économique dans les pays européens de l’OCDE – autrement dit celles qui sont les plus exposées et les plus vulnérables à l’instabilité des revenus – et pour déterminer comment l’évolution des revenus et l’insécurité économique influencent les conditions de vie des individus, la mobilité sociale et les inégalités. Il passe également en revue une série de mesures propres à rendre la protection sociale plus réactive afin d’améliorer le soutien apporté à ceux dont les revenus sont instables et étudient des solutions qui permettraient d’aider ceux que l’insécurité économique guette plus particulièrement à constituer des réserves financières.
    DOI: 10.1787/cb92663d-fr
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  • 25
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    Building a Skilled Cyber Security Workforce in Europe : Insights from France, Germany and Poland (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264478763 , 9789264872738 , 9789264489943
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (117 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Keywords: Datensicherheit ; Bildungspolitik ; Qualifikation ; IT-Kriminalität ; Frankreich ; Deutschland ; Polen ; Datensicherung ; Datenschutz ; Education ; Employment ; Science and Technology ; France ; Germany ; Poland ; Frankreich ; Deutschland ; Polen
    Abstract: In an increasingly digital world, the significance of cyber security for individuals, businesses, and governments has never been greater. Rising cyber attacks are challenging current defence and operational capabilities, highlighting a critical shortage of skilled cyber security professionals. This report delves into the demand for cyber security expertise by analysing online job postings in France, Germany and Poland in between 2018 and 2023. It examines trends in the demand for cyber security professionals, the geographical distribution of job opportunities, and the changing skill requirements in this field. Focusing on France, the report also explores cyber security education and training programmes, the characteristics of the programmes, the demographics of enrolled learners, and their outcomes. Additionally, it reviews French policies and initiatives aimed at broadening the cyber security workforce and enhancing educational opportunities in this field. This comprehensive analysis is part of a larger effort to understand the evolving landscape of cyber security policies and professional experiences worldwide.
    DOI: 10.1787/3673cd60-en
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  • 26
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    Breaking the Vicious Circles of Informal Employment and Low-Paying Work (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264700079 , 9789264352063 , 9789264592322
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (166 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Informelle Wirtschaft ; Niedriglohn ; Schwarzarbeit ; Qualifikation ; Soziale Mobilität ; Education ; Economics ; Development
    Abstract: This report adds two perspectives on informality. First, it disassembles the mechanics of the deleterious links between informal employment, low-paying work and low skills. It shows that informal employment is highly persistent, and that the vulnerability of informal workers is passed on to their children in the absence of adequate education, skills and social protection policy. Second, the report underscores the double burden of informality and low-paying work that a large share of workers in developing and emerging economies carry, and as such calls for policy solutions that go beyond the formalisation agenda and embrace the goal of social justice.
    DOI: 10.1787/f95c5a74-en
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  • 27
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    Clean Energy Finance and Investment Roadmap of the Philippines (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264567634 , 9789264940802 , 9789264710153
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (109 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Green Finance and Investment
    Keywords: Förderung erneuerbarer Energien ; Erneuerbare Energie ; Umweltschutzinvestition ; Bauinstallation ; Philippinen ; Environment ; Finance and Investment
    Abstract: In recent years, the Philippines has increased its commitment to climate action and its efforts to decarbonise the domestic economy. The power sector in the Philippines accounts for 58% of the country’s overall carbon emissions and will be an important driver of domestic emission reduction efforts to meet national climate and energy targets. Renewables, such as offshore wind, are expected to play a key role in the transition toward a low-carbon energy mix. With more than 17 thousand kilometres of coastline, the Philippines is estimated to have an offshore wind potential of 178 GW. However, this potential has yet to be leveraged. Alongside a changing power sector, progress on energy efficiency is needed to achieve the country’s emission reduction goals, with energy savings estimated at approximately 2% annually for the residential and commercial sectors. To deliver a clean energy transition, the Philippines requires estimated cumulative investments of over USD 300 billion between now and 2040. This report outlines key actions needed to unlock finance and investment in offshore wind power and energy efficiency in public buildings. It also provides a comprehensive overview of the progress to date and the challenges to mobilise near-term finance in those sectors, assist the Philippines transition towards a low-carbon economy, and achieve broader development goals.
    DOI: 10.1787/7a13719d-en
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  • 28
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    Magyarország: Egészségügyi országprofil 2023 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264452404
    Language: Hungarian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Hungary: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Hungary
    Abstract: Ez a profil tömör és szakpolitikára összpontosító áttekintést nyújt a magyarországi egészségügy és egészségügyi rendszer állapotáról, az "Egészségügyi helyzet az EU-ban" kezdeményezés szélesebb körű országos egészségügyi profiljainak részeként. Rövid elemzést nyújt, amely a következő kulcsfontosságú szempontokat foglalja magában: Magyarország jelenlegi egészségi állapota; az egészséget meghatározó tényezők, különös tekintettel a viselkedési kockázati tényezőkre; a magyar egészségügyi rendszer szervezete; valamint az egészségügyi rendszer hatékonyságának, hozzáférhetőségének és ellenálló képességének értékelése. A 2023-as kiadás emellett egy tematikus részt is bemutat a mentális egészség és a kapcsolódó szolgáltatások magyarországi helyzetéről. Ez a profil az OECD és az Egészségügyi Rendszerek és Politikák Európai Megfigyelőközpontjának közös munkája, amely az Európai Bizottsággal együttműködve valósult meg.
    DOI: 10.1787/5adc0e05-hu
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  • 29
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    L’autonomisation économique des femmes au Maroc : De l’engagement à la mise en œuvre (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264532243 , 9789264582149 , 9789264910720
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Development ; Industry and Services ; Finance and Investment ; Morocco
    Abstract: Le Rapport De l’engagement à la mise en œuvre : assurer l’autonomisation économique des femmes au Maroc analyse les politiques publiques marocaines en faveur de l’autonomisation économique des femmes dans le cadre de la Recommandation du Conseil de l’OCDE sur l’égalité femmes-hommes dans l’éducation, l’emploi et l’entrepreneuriat à laquelle le pays a adhéré en 2018. Il fournit un cadre stratégique global visant à déverrouiller le potentiel économique des femmes, afin qu’elles puissent pleinement contribuer au développement durable du Maroc et bénéficier de ses retombées économiques et sociales. Ce cadre stratégique global - développé dans le cadre de la seconde phase du programme pays Maroc de l’OCDE - vise à soutenir la mise en œuvre du troisième Plan Gouvernemental pour l’Égalité (PGE III). Il préconise une approche multi-cibles et multi-sectorielle, mettant l'accent sur des politiques de soin transformatrices pour créer des emplois décents, alléger les tâches domestiques et de soin, et remettre en cause les stéréotypes de genre, soulignant l'importance de l'évolution des normes socio-culturelles pour favoriser l'intégration des femmes sur le marché du travail.
    DOI: 10.1787/d4312bd3-fr
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  • 30
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    Nederland: Landenprofiel Gezondheid 2023 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264347113
    Language: Dutch
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Netherlands: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Netherlands
    Abstract: Dit profiel biedt een beknopt en beleidsgericht overzicht van de gezondheidstoestand en het gezondheidszorgsysteem in Nederland, als onderdeel van de bredere reeks landengezondheidsprofielen van het initiatief State of Health in the EU. Het bevat een beknopte analyse van de volgende belangrijke aspecten: de huidige gezondheidstoestand in Nederland; de determinanten van gezondheid, met de nadruk op gedragsgerelateerde risicofactoren; de organisatie van het Nederlandse gezondheidszorgstelsel; en een evaluatie van de effectiviteit, toegankelijkheid en veerkracht van het gezondheidszorgstelsel. Bovendien bevat de editie 2023 een thematisch hoofdstuk over de toestand van de geestelijke gezondheid en aanverwante diensten in Nederland. Dit profiel is het resultaat van een samenwerking tussen de OESO en het European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, uitgevoerd in samenwerking met de Europese Commissie.
    DOI: 10.1787/effa20e2-nl
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  • 31
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    Beating Cancer Inequalities in the EU : Spotlight on Cancer Prevention and Early Detection (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264867604 , 9789264579644 , 9789264438736
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (261 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Keywords: Krebskrankheit ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; EU-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Cancer causes almost a quarter of all deaths in the EU27, Norway and Iceland, with five new cancer cases diagnosed every minute in 2022. Assessing and improving cancer care from prevention to treatment is essential for promoting longer, healthier lives. This report addresses the latest trends in cancer incidence and mortality in the EU and reviews key cancer risk factors, cancer screening programmes and early diagnoses, and issues in the provision of high-quality cancer care. Country performance, cross-cutting challenges and new developments are examined with a particular focus on disparities by regions, socio-economic status and gender. The report provides policy makers with fiscal, regulatory and health systems organisation tools, as well as examples of initiatives that can be undertaken in primary care, workplaces, and schools to better control cancer and counter inequalities.
    DOI: 10.1787/14fdc89a-en
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  • 32
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    Hrvatska: pregled stanja zdravlja i zdravstvene zaštite 2023 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264646179
    Language: Croatian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Croatia: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Croatia
    Abstract: Ovaj profil daje sažet i usmjeren pregled stanja zdravstvenog sustava u Hrvatskoj, kao dio šire serije Zdravstvenih profila zemalja iz projekta Stanje zdravlja u EU. Predstavlja sažetu analizu koja obuhvaća sljedeće ključne aspekte: zdravstveno stanje stanovništva u Hrvatskoj; odrednice zdravlja, s naglaskom na čimbenike rizika u ponašanju; organizacija hrvatskog zdravstvenog sustava; te procjena njegove učinkovitosti, pristupačnosti i otpornosti. Štoviše, izdanje za 2023. godinu predstavlja tematski dio o stanju mentalnog zdravlja i službi za mentalno zdravlje u Hrvatskoj. Ovaj profil je zajednički napor OECD-a i Europskog opservatorija za zdravstveni sustav i politiku, koji se provodi u suradnji s Europskom komisijom.
    DOI: 10.1787/e5483d30-hr
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  • 33
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    Danmark: National sundhedsprofil 2023 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264605626
    Language: Danish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Denmark: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Denmark
    Abstract: Denne profil giver et kortfattet og politisk fokuseret overblik over sundhedstilstanden og sundhedssystemet i Danmark, som en del af den bredere serie af nationale sundhedsprofiler fra initiativet State of Health in the EU. Den præsenterer en kortfattet analyse, der omfatter følgende nøgleaspekter: den aktuelle sundhedstilstand i Danmark; sundhedsdeterminanterne med fokus på adfærdsmæssige risikofaktorer; organiseringen af det danske sundhedssystem; og en evaluering af sundhedssystemets effektivitet, tilgængelighed og modstandsdygtighed. Desuden præsenterer 2023-udgaven et tematisk afsnit om mental sundhed og tilknyttede tjenester i Danmark. Denne profil er udarbejdet i samarbejde mellem OECD og European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, i samarbejde med Europa-Kommissionen.
    DOI: 10.1787/81d97e43-da
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  • 34
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    Eesti: Riigi terviseprofiil 2023 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264651678
    Language: Estonian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Estonia: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Estonia
    Abstract: Käesolev profiil annab lühida ja poliitikakeskse ülevaate Eesti rahvastiku tervisest ja Eesti tervishoiusüsteemist, osana laiemast "Tervise olukord ELis" riikide terviseprofiilide sarjast. Selles esitatakse kokkuvõtlik analüüs, mis hõlmab järgmisi põhiaspekte: rahvastiku tervise olukord Eestis; tervisemõjurid, keskendudes käitumuslikele riskiteguritele; Eesti tervishoiusüsteemi korraldus; ning hinnang tervishoiusüsteemi tõhususele, kättesaadavusele ja säilenõtkusele. Lisaks esitatakse 2023. aasta väljaandes temaatiline osa vaimse tervise ja sellega seotud teenuste olukorra kohta Eestis. See profiil on OECD ja Euroopa tervishoiusüsteemide ja -poliitika vaatluskeskuse koostööprojekt, valminud koostööna Euroopa Komisjoniga.
    DOI: 10.1787/cee4e9bd-et
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  • 35
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    Sustainable Investment Policy Perspectives in the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264830257 , 9789264594883 , 9789264520448
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (105 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Perspectives des politiques de l’investissement durable dans les pays de la communauté économique des états de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (CEDEAO)
    Keywords: Auslandsinvestition ; Nachhaltige Kapitalanlage ; ECOWAS-Staaten ; Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The Economic Community of Western African States (ECOWAS) offers a large and diverse market of over 400 million people and natural resource wealth, and yet it is not currently living up to its potential as a destination for international investment. Inflows of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the region have been declining over time, and have not always delivered on promoting sustainable development. This report serves as a baseline diagnostic to explore ways to reinvigorate the reform of the ECOWAS investment climate while also improving sustainable outcomes from investment. It also highlights areas where further collaboration between ECOWAS and the OECD could contribute to improved investment climates throughout the region. Building upon the OECD Policy Framework for Investment and the FDI Qualities Policy Toolkit, the report covers the national regulatory framework encapsulated in national investment laws and how this compares with initiatives at a regional level, investment promotion and facilitation, investment incentives, investment for green growth and responsible business conduct.
    DOI: 10.1787/654e2de5-en
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    Examen des politiques de transformation économique : Gros plan sur l'internationalisation de la Guadeloupe (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264333956 , 9789264434745 , 9789264756182
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (53 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Les voies de développement
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Production Transformation Policy Review: Spotlight on Guadeloupe's Internationalisation
    Keywords: Economics ; Energy ; Development ; France
    Abstract: Située dans la mer des Caraïbes, la Guadeloupe est un département français d'outre-mer et une région européenne ultrapériphérique. Dans la série des examens des politiques de transformation économique, ce rapport examine les opportunités et les défis de cette région qui cherche une voie de développement économique plus durable. Il identifie des actions prioritaires dans plusieurs domaines, notamment la bioéconomie et l'économie circulaire, les secteurs créatifs et les énergies renouvelables. Ce Gros plan enrichit notre compréhension de la diversité des voies de développement, y compris celles des petits États insulaires en développement (PEID). Il est le fruit d'un vaste processus d'examen par les pairs auquel ont participé des acteurs publics et privés de Colombie, des pays des Caraïbes et d'autres régions ultrapériphériques de l'UE.
    DOI: 10.1787/3ba34e4a-fr
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    Monopolisation, moat building and entrenchment strategies (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Roundtables on Competition Policy Papers no.308
    Keywords: Marktmacht ; Marktanteil ; Wettbewerbspolitik ; Wettbewerbsstrategie ; Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Competition authorities have already acquired significant knowledge about the concept of market power and dominance as well as practical experience when assessing anticompetitive practices. However, the introduction of potential new concepts, such as economic moats and entrenchment, may complicate this analysis and further blur the lines between lawful and unlawful practices. This paper discusses the relation between economic moats and entrenchment with market power and calls for further reflections among competition authorities and practitioners on the challenges these concepts may pose. It explores several possible options, including incentivising the use of investigative and analytical techniques, as well as strengthening regulatory tools.
    DOI: 10.1787/777faed3-en
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  • 38
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    Managing screen time : How to protect and equip students against distraction (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (10 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.124
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: The upsurge in children’s screen time has sparked concerns about its impact on children’s learning, development, and well-being. Three-quarters of students in OECD countries spend more than one hour per weekday browsing social networks and nearly one in three students gets distracted by using digital devices in class. How to protect and equip students to navigate digital environments? This PISA in Focus explores why students rely on devices and how their digital device use relates to their mathematics performance, sense of belonging at school, and how much they become distracted. It highlights the role of education policies that improve students’ digital skills and behaviours and prepare teachers to teach with technology in protecting students from digital distractions at school and beyond, and building their ability to navigate digital environments.
    DOI: 10.1787/7c225af4-en
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  • 39
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    Financial literacy in Germany : Supporting financial resilience and well-being (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (86 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Business and Finance Policy Papers no.43
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Finanzbildung in Deutschland: Finanzielle Resilienz und finanzielles Wohlergehen verbessern
    Keywords: Finanzwissen ; Bildungspolitik ; Deutschland ; Finance and Investment ; Germany
    Abstract: The report presents the rationale for increasing the financial literacy levels of individuals in Germany and for the adoption of a National Strategy for Financial Literacy. It describes financial literacy levels, the actors directly involved in promoting financial literacy and the ongoing financial literacy initiatives at the federal, state and local levels. It provides policy recommendations for the design of the National Strategy.
    DOI: 10.1787/c7a28393-en
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  • 40
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    Sustainability initiatives and responsible business conduct in Latin America and the Caribbean (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (40 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Business and Finance Policy Papers no.45
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Iniciativas de Sostenibilidad y Conducta Empresarial Responsable en América Latina y el Caribe
    Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Umweltmanagement ; Landwirtschaft ; Bergbau ; Lateinamerika ; Karibischer Raum ; Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This paper analyses of the use of sustainability initiatives within the agricultural and minerals sectors across Latin America and the Caribbean. Building on a detailed mapping of almost 40 selected initiatives and insights from survey data collected from over 300 business representatives, it aims to promote consistency and deepen understanding of the landscape and role of sustainability initiatives in relation to Responsible Business Conduct. This paper identifies key trends, challenges, and opportunities, facilitating a more integrated approach to sustainability across these critical sectors.
    DOI: 10.1787/5178fb0d-en
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  • 41
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    Assessing the framework conditions for social innovation in rural areas (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (43 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Papers no.2024/04
    Keywords: Industry and Services ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: Rural regions across the OECD depend on a wide range of economic engines for growth, as well as the quality of place to attract and retain people. Social innovation seeks new answers to social and environmental problems, using new solutions that improve the quality of life for individuals and communities. Social innovation can be a tool to create vibrancy in rural areas by filling public service gaps, experimenting with new business models, and creating a stronger sense of community. However, not all rural areas are equally equipped to engage in social innovation. This paper provides guidance for policy makers and proposes an approach alongside a dashboard of indicators for measuring readiness and capacity to engage with social innovation in rural areas.
    DOI: 10.1787/74367d76-en
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  • 42
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    Demand-side policy measures for environmental sustainability (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (40 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Environment Policy Papers no.42
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The consumption of products, services and transportation has significant environmental consequences and account for the majority of global greenhouse gas emissions. Meanwhile, demand-side policy measures have the potential to reduce the environmental footprint of these activities by up to 40-70%. This Policy Paper draws on the OECD’s recent household survey on environmental policy and behavioural change to provide insights and policy recommendations for specific measures that can encourage more sustainable household consumption of energy, transport and food as well as more sustainable waste practices. The report was prepared in support of Japan’s 2023 G7 presidency.
    DOI: 10.1787/53e9c791-en
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  • 43
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    A Handbook of What Works : Solutions for the local implementation of the OECD Principles on Water Governance (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (77 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Regional Development Papers no.72
    Keywords: Environment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: On the road to the 10th anniversary of the OECD Principles on Water Governance, the Handbook of What Works aims to further drive their implementation at sub-national level (e.g. municipal, regional and basin) through a compilation and analysis of evolving water governance practices. Building on a compendium of 52 water governance practices, the Handbook illustrates how cities, regions and basins in both OECD member and non-member countries have designed and implemented effective, efficient and inclusive water governance systems. It identifies common pitfalls to be avoided when designing and implementing water policies across levels of government, draws lessons from both successful and challenging implementations of each Principle and highlights the potential for replication of these practices to other contexts.
    DOI: 10.1787/bf54627e-en
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  • 44
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    SME Digitalisation to manage shocks and transitions : 2024 OECD D4SME survey (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (61 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD SME and Entrepreneurship Papers no.62
    Keywords: Digitalisierung ; KMU ; Schock ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; France ; Italy ; Japan ; Spain
    Abstract: Although uptake of digital practices by SMEs continues to increase, so too has the “digital gap” with larger firms. Understanding the drivers and persisting bottlenecks of SME digitalisation as well as gaining a deeper understanding of their practices and digitalisation processes is key to inform policy decisions to help bridge this gap. This is the primary purpose of the survey this paper draws its findings from, conducted in seven OECD countries (France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Korea, Spain and the United States), in co-operation with digital platforms partners of the OECD D4SME Global Initiative. Survey findings provide new insights on SMEs’ digital journeys and how digital tools can support them in navigating short-term challenges and enhancing long-term resilience. The survey also provides evidence about SMEs' use and perception of AI technologies (with a focus on “generative AI”), their application of data analytics for tracking environmental performance, and the impact on mental wellbeing of digital practices in the workplace.
    DOI: 10.1787/eb4ec9ac-en
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  • 45
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    Budgeting in Chinese Taipei (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (33 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Papers on Budgeting
    Keywords: Öffentlicher Haushalt ; Taiwan ; Governance ; Chinese Taipei
    Abstract: The paper provides an overview of the fiscal situation in Chinese Taipei and outlines its system for budget formulation and budget approval in detail. It highlights the organisation and functions of the Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics. The paper analyses key milestones in the budgeting process and compares current practices in Chinese Taipei with the best practices of the OECD Spending Better Framework.
    DOI: 10.1787/3ec16dbd-en
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  • 46
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    The intersection between competition and data privacy (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (40 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Roundtables on Competition Policy Papers no.310
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Data plays an increasingly important role for online platforms and the majority of digital business models. Along with data becoming central to competition and the conduct of actors in digital markets, there has been an increase in data privacy regulations and enforcement worldwide. The interplay between competition and data privacy has prompted questions about whether data privacy and the collection of consumers’ data constitute an antitrust issue. Should competition considerations be factored into decisions by data protection authorities, and, if so, how can synergies between the two policy areas be enhanced and tensions overcome? This paper explores the links between competition and data privacy, their respective objectives, and how considerations pertaining to one policy area have been, or could be, included into the other. It investigates enforcement interventions and regulatory measures that could foster synergies or lead to potential challenges, and offers insights into models for co-operation between competition and data protection authorities. This is a joint working paper from the OECD Competition and Digital Economy Policy Secretariat.
    DOI: 10.1787/0dd065a3-en
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  • 47
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    Competition, Fintechs and Open Banking : An overview of recent developments in Latin America and the Caribbean (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Roundtables on Competition Policy Papers no.313
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Competencia, Fintechs y Open Banking : Panorama de los acontecimientos recientes en América Latina y el Caribe
    Keywords: Finanztechnologie ; Finanzdienstleistung ; Wettbewerb ; Open Banking ; Lateinamerika ; Karibischer Raum ; Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This paper examines the recent evolution of competition in the financial services sector in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), focusing on the rise of Fintechs and the emergence of a pro-competitive regulatory framework. This evolution results from a symbiosis of positive feedback between technology and regulation, which reinforce and balance each other in shaping a new era for the sector in the LAC region. Over the last decade, the financial sector in LAC has undergone profound changes, including the entry of new players, the emergence of new products and the reconfiguration of market boundaries. These developments have led to competitive gains and the provision of better, more accessible, customised and inclusive financial services. Regulatory advances have played a crucial role at various stages of this process, sometimes laying the groundwork, sometimes welcoming and protecting new technologies and models driven by financial digitalisation, and more recently, even leading and fostering disruptive innovations. Open Banking currently stands as a key element of this shared agenda, both regionally and globally, aimed at deepening market transformation towards greater competition, innovation and inclusion.
    DOI: 10.1787/de9fe6b4-en
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  • 48
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    Promoting accountability, control and oversight in response and recovery funds in the Asia Pacific Region (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Policy Papers no.58
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This policy paper aims to promote accountability, control and oversight in response and recovery funds in the Asia Pacific region. It details and builds upon the response and recovery funds that were disbursed during the COVID-19 pandemic, to improve control and oversight, both in the short term in the aftermath of a crisis and in the medium to long term. The paper brings together experience and insights from risk management, audit and anti-corruption functions within government. Its specific focus covers: 1) the response and recovery funds disbursed during the COVID-19 crisis; 2) controls and accountability challenges in emergency situations; and 3) lessons learned and recommendations going forward.
    DOI: 10.1787/1a3c2831-en
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  • 49
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    L' équité dans le monde de l'éducation et sur le marché du travail : Principaux enseignements de l'édition 2024 de Regards sur l’éducation (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (46 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Equity in education and on the labour market: Main findings from Education at a Glance 2024
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Ce Coup de projecteur s'appuie sur les conclusions de Regards sur l'éducation 2024 sur l'équité dans l'éducation et au-delà, le thème de l'édition 2024. Les indicateurs choisis mettent en évidence les disparités entre les différents groupes démographiques en matière de ressources éducatives, de compétences, d'accès à l'éducation, de choix d'études et de taux de réussite. Le Coup de projecteur s'ouvre sur une vue d'ensemble de l'équité dans l'éducation, en analysant les principales tendances à chaque niveau, de la petite enfance à l'enseignement tertiaire. Il se penche ensuite sur les opportunités qui en découlent, en explorant la manière dont les inégalités éducatives persistent et en évaluant l'adéquation entre les résultats de l'éducation et les expériences sur le marché du travail. Enfin, il cherche à déterminer si les efforts en matière d'éducation améliorent réellement les perspectives d'emploi et les résultats sur le marché du travail.
    DOI: 10.1787/ffe337b2-fr
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  • 50
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    Regulatory approaches to Artificial Intelligence in finance (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (53 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Artificial Intelligence Papers no.24
    Keywords: Künstliche Intelligenz ; Finanzmarkt ; Finanzsektor ; Finanzdienstleistung ; Regulierung ; Theorie ; Welt ; Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Employment ; Science and Technology ; Governance
    Abstract: The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in finance has increased rapidly in recent years, with the potential to deliver important benefits to market participants and to improve customer welfare. At the same time, AI in finance could also amplify existing risks in financial markets and create new ones. This report analyses different regulatory approaches to the use of AI in finance in 49 OECD and non-OECD jurisdictions based on the Survey on Regulatory Approaches to AI in Finance.
    DOI: 10.1787/f1498c02-en
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  • 51
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    Financing SME growth in Germany (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (60 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD SME and Entrepreneurship Papers no.61
    Keywords: Economics ; Germany
    Abstract: High energy prices and major geopolitical shifts, paired with an accelerated global digitalisation of industries of economies worldwide and rising pressure to achieve sustainability goals, have created new uncertainties for German SMEs. Successfully navigating these changes, and in turn, seizing new growth opportunities, will require sustained and significant investments. Access to an appropriate and diverse set of financing sources will be critical. This paper examines current policy practices to help German SMEs access finance, with a particular focus on efforts to link growth to sustainability goals in the national policy mix. It provides a brief overview of the German SME landscape, including key strengths and challenges in the context of the twin transition, and discusses the financing instruments available to small businesses in the country, including those with growth ambitions. It then analyses federal government efforts to unleash finance for innovation, investment, and network expansion as drivers of SME growth, and how these efforts compare to other OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/8f9a90e9-en
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  • 52
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    Green budgeting in the Government of Canada (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (48 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Papers on Budgeting
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe La budgétisation verte dans le gouvernement du Canada
    Keywords: Umweltpolitik ; Finanzpolitik ; Öffentlicher Haushalt ; Kanada ; Environment ; Governance ; Canada
    Abstract: This paper looks at green budgeting practices in the Government of Canada relative to the OECD Green Budgeting Framework and best practices by OECD Members. It focuses on Canada’s efforts to enhance its reporting of incremental expenditure in the federal budget that is attributable to climate and environmental goals, as well as to enhance the use of green budgeting alongside other strategic budget initiatives in the federal government. The OECD had specific regard for the objectives of the Canadian Net-Zero Emissions Accountability Act, the Quality of Life Framework, the Gender Results Framework, including the Gender-Based Analysis Plus (GBA Plus) tool, and the 2024 Cabinet Directive on Strategic Environmental and Economic Assessment and its supporting tool, the Climate, Nature and Economy Lens.
    DOI: 10.1787/1a110ac3-en
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    How is the school year organised in OECD countries? (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Education Indicators in Focus no.86
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: On average, primary school students in OECD countries receive 805 hours of instruction per year, and lower secondary students 916 hours, spread over 38 school weeks. However, these averages mask wide variations across countries. The total length of school vacations averages around 14 weeks per year, ranging from less than 11 weeks in Costa Rica and Denmark to 17 weeks in Greece, Latvia and Lithuania. The organisation of the school year, in particular the length of the summer holidays, is frequently debated but is rarely the subject of educational reforms because of its sensitive nature. Contrary to common assumptions, the length of instruction time is not closely related to students’ academic performance. The quality of instruction and other factors such as students’ participation to private tutoring and extracurricular educational activities, play critical roles in determining learning outcomes, too.
    DOI: 10.1787/a6385722-en
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  • 54
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    Promoting responsible business conduct in trade and investment : Latin America and the Caribbean (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (111 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Business and Finance Policy Papers no.61
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Impulsando la conducta empresarial responsable a través del comercio y la inversión : América Latina y el Caribe
    Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility ; Auslandsinvestition ; Lateinamerika ; Karibischer Raum ; Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This paper provides a regional analysis of how governments in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) leverage trade and investment policies and agreements to promote responsible business conduct (RBC). It builds on a mapping of over 450 trade and investment agreements, takes stock of relevant policies and practices in nine LAC countries, and examines the role National Contact Points for Responsible Business Conduct (NCPs) play in this regard. The paper identifies key trends, challenges and opportunities and sets out policy considerations to enhance the uptake of RBC through trade and investment with the support of LAC NCPs.
    DOI: 10.1787/672fbe56-en
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    Corruption and fraud in crises : Strengthening law enforcement responses in Asia and the Pacific (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (37 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Business and Finance Policy Papers no.60
    Keywords: Korruption ; Betrug ; Rechtsdurchsetzung ; Krise ; Asiatisch-pazifischer Raum ; Asien ; Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This policy paper aims to strengthen the capacities of law enforcement authorities in Asia and the Pacific to combat corruption and fraud during emergencies. It builds on lessons learnt from recent emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, to improve the preparedness of law enforcement authorities for future health, environmental or economic crises. The paper takes stock of the challenges law enforcement practitioners face in detecting, investigating and prosecuting corruption and fraud during emergencies, and highlights good practices and provides practical guidance for law enforcement.
    DOI: 10.1787/f38694a5-en
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  • 56
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    Sustainability-Linked Bonds : How to make them work in developing countries, and how donors can help (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (74 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Development Perspectives no.44
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Kapitalanlage ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Entwicklungsländer ; Development
    Abstract: This report provides an overview of developments, challenges and opportunities in the new sustainability linked bond market, with a spotlight on public sector issuances in the wake of the first two sovereigns entering this space in 2022. Building on insights from extensive consultations with experts and stakeholders as well as data provided by the Luxembourg Stock Exchange via the LGX DataHub, the report highlights how tailored and well-timed donor engagement can facilitate market growth. It outlines six constraints that are preventing this market from reaching scale in developing countries and corresponding ways that donor support can help overcome these.
    DOI: 10.1787/7ca58c00-en
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  • 57
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    Key concepts and current technical trends in cryptography for policy makers (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (49 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.364
    Keywords: Kryptographie ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report introduces cryptography to policy makers and includes key concepts such as symmetric and asymmetric cryptography, public key infrastructure, and end-to-end encryption. It discusses advancements in homomorphic encryption, which allows computations to be performed on encrypted data without decrypting it first and accessing the secret key. Often described as “the holy grail of cryptography”, homomorphic encryption remains a promising area of research rather than a fully developed technology. The report also addresses quantum technologies, which could pose a threat to the foundations of public key cryptography, potentially undermining trust in the digital ecosystem. While current quantum computers are far from causing such disruptions, a transition to quantum-resistant (or post-quantum) cryptography is essential today to address their future impact. Additionally, quantum cryptography shows significant promise for secure communications but is not yet suitable for sensitive applications.
    DOI: 10.1787/29d9fbad-en
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    Aligned ambitions? How to tell (and why it is important to know) if students’ occupational and education plans are aligned (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (10 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Education Spotlights no.14
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: By the age of 15, PISA shows that most students have a clear idea about both the type of job they expect to have around the age of 30 and the highest level of education they anticipate completing. Longitudinal studies find that it matters if educational ambitions align with the typical entry requirements of anticipated employment. Notably, students with high and aligned ambitions are commonly found to do better in work as young adults than peers who expect to work in a job that typically requires tertiary-level entry qualifications, but do not intend to achieve such a level of education. Across the OECD, such misalignment is common, especially among students from more disadvantaged social backgrounds. Analysis of PISA data shows that students who engage more strongly in career development activities by the age of 15 can be expected to show lower levels of misalignment. This Policy Brief draws on evidence from the OECD Career Readiness project to explore: • What is career alignment and misalignment? • What difference does it make to student outcomes in employment? • How common is it among students? • How can guidance systems respond to career misalignment?
    DOI: 10.1787/b4913b2e-en
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    Adapting infrastructure to changing climatic conditions : The case of the Philippines (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (58 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Environment Policy Papers no.46
    Keywords: Infrastruktur ; Klimawandel ; Anpassung ; Philippinen ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Environment ; Philippines
    Abstract: Infrastructure has been essential in supporting the Philippines’ rapidly growing economy. Yet, infrastructure assets and operations are significantly exposed to climate-related risks. Building climate resilience into infrastructure planning and financing is therefore a strategic priority for the country. This policy paper presents the findings from an OECD policy dialogue carried out in the Philippines on mainstreaming climate resilience in infrastructure planning and development. It provides an overview of current policies and practices as well as policy recommendations for the government to further strengthen the resilience of infrastructure to climate change and raise future ambitions.
    DOI: 10.1787/a4c3f35a-en
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  • 60
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    Fixing frictions: ‘sludge audits’ around the world : How governments are using behavioural science to reduce psychological burdens in public services (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (52 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Policy Papers no.48
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Governments worldwide are increasingly adopting behavioural science methodologies to address "sludge" – the unjustified frictions impeding people' access to government services and exacerbating psychological burdens. Sludge audits, grounded in behavioural science, provide a structured approach for identifying, quantifying, and preventing sludge in public services and government processes. This document delineates Good Practice Principles, derived from ten case studies conducted during the International Sludge Academy, aimed at promoting the integration of sludge audit methodologies into public governance and service design. By enhancing government efficiency and bolstering public trust in government, these principles contribute to the broader agenda on administrative simplification, digital services, and public sector innovation.
    DOI: 10.1787/5e9bb35c-en
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    Scaling up in Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (31 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Papers no.2024/06
    Keywords: Industry and Services ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Italy
    Abstract: A small group of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that grow fast over a short period of time, i.e., scalers, make an outsized contribution to job creation and economic growth. This paper provides a portrait of scalers in the Italian region of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, and its two autonomous provinces: Trentino and Bolzano-Bozen. The region hosts and attracts a dynamic population of scalers. Around one in nine SMEs in Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol is an employment scaler, and more than one in six is a turnover scaler. However, the contribution of the fastest-growing scalers is lower than in the rest of Centre and North Italy, which is in part due to the sectoral specialisation of scalers in the region.
    DOI: 10.1787/7cba750d-en
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  • 62
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    How do governments direct support for innovation? : Lessons from recent OECD measurement and impact analysis (MABIS) work (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Briefs no.4
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Governments worldwide strive to find the appropriate level and balance of financial support for innovation to address several competing and pressing policy objectives, such as improving productivity or addressing the climate crisis. This policy brief presents the latest OECD evidence on how governments direct support to innovation, drawing on recent OECD measurement and impact analysis. It recommends rebalancing innovation support portfolios and addressing major measurement gaps on directionality that are critical for managing for the transformation of innovation systems for key transitions.
    DOI: 10.1787/c1d93d1c-en
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    Interim measures in abuse of dominance investigations in Latin America and the Caribbean (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (22 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Roundtables on Competition Policy Papers no.312
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Medidas cautelares en investigaciones de abuso de posición dominante en América Latina y el Caribe
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Interim measures are enforcement tools available to competition authorities to prevent harm to competition that may occur before a final decision on the existence of an infringement. Most often these decisions are related to an ongoing business practice that may potentially constitute an abuse of dominance infringement, when a dominant market player illegally engages in practices limiting competition. In Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) countries, most competition authorities dispose of interim measures in their legal frameworks and many have used them in past years (e.g. Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Paraguay and Peru). This paper provides an overview of the state of play of interim measures in the region covering legal frameworks, recent enforcement experiences, as well as challenges and particularities of LAC countries. The paper highlights that interim measures represent a powerful tool for competition authorities and should be carefully used to mitigate enforcement errors and related reputation risks.
    DOI: 10.1787/277a60aa-en
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    Shaping a rights-oriented digital transformation (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (88 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.368
    Keywords: Digitalisierung ; Industrie 4.0 ; Menschenrechte ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Digital transformation shapes how individuals interact with each other and the world, offering opportunities to enhance people’s enjoyment of human rights while also creating new risks and exacerbating existing ones. This report explores how human rights are exercised, protected and promoted in the digital age. By examining this topic from three perspectives – rights, technological developments, and policy developments – the paper supports policy makers in shaping digital transformation so that it puts people at the centre.
    DOI: 10.1787/86ee84e2-en
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    Promoting green and digital innovation : The role of upskilling and reskilling in higher education (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (57 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Education Policy Perspectives no.103
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: This analytical report, the last in a series of four, was prepared by the OECD Higher Education Policy Team as part of the Education and Innovation Practice Community (EIPC), an action of the European Union’s New European Innovation Agenda, flagship 4 on “Fostering, attracting and retaining deep tech talent”. EIPC seeks to bring together peers from policy and practice to advance understanding of the competencies that can trigger and shape innovation for the digital and green transitions, and the mechanisms through which higher education can contribute to their development across three stages of education: secondary education; higher education; and adult upskilling and reskilling. Drawing on module B of the Higher Education Policy Survey 2022 and case studies, this report examines how public authorities can promote upskilling and reskilling in higher education to contribute to the green and digital transitions. It first offers a typology of the higher education-based upskilling and reskilling offer observed in OECD countries before describing four key action areas: setting system-wide strategies; supporting provision; attracting and supporting learners; and securing industry and employer engagement.
    DOI: 10.1787/feb029df-en
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    Governing with Artificial Intelligence : Are governments ready? (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (32 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Artificial Intelligence Papers no.20
    Keywords: Künstliche Intelligenz ; Governance-Ansatz ; Regulierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: OECD countries are increasingly investing in better understanding the potential value of using Artificial Intelligence (AI) to improve public governance. The use of AI by the public sector can increase productivity, responsiveness of public services, and strengthen the accountability of governments. However, governments must also mitigate potential risks, building an enabling environment for trustworthy AI. This policy paper outlines the key trends and policy challenges in the development, use, and deployment of AI in and by the public sector. First, it discusses the potential benefits and specific risks associated with AI use in the public sector. Second, it looks at how AI in the public sector can be used to improve productivity, responsiveness, and accountability. Third, it provides an overview of the key policy issues and presents examples of how countries are addressing them across the OECD.
    DOI: 10.1787/26324bc2-en
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    Financial Management Information Systems in OECD countries (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Papers on Budgeting
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This paper takes stock of Financial Management Information Systems (FMIS) practices in OECD countries based on the results of the 2022 OECD Survey on Financial Management and Reporting.
    DOI: 10.1787/ce8367cd-en
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    Optimising Public Infrastructure Investments in Czechia (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264996137 , 9789264917675
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (160 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Keywords: Infrastrukturinvestition ; Öffentliche Investition ; Tschechien ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Czechia
    Abstract: This report provides an overview of Czechia's public investment system across levels of government. It offers analysis and recommendations for strengthening institutional capabilities at the national and subnational levels for planning, co-ordinating, appraising and delivering infrastructure. By strengthening infrastructure investment systems at all levels, Czechia can improve its resilience and secure a more sustainable future.
    DOI: 10.1787/d4532316-en
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    Modernisation of the Justice Sector in Portugal (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264918276 , 9789264704572
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (198 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Modernização da justiça em Portugal
    Keywords: Justiz ; Rechtsreform ; Portugal ; Governance ; Portugal
    Abstract: This report assesses the modernisation of the justice sector in Portugal. It examines the country's progress towards a people-centred justice system and a modernised justice sector and offers a range of recommendations to sustain and amplify this progress. It highlights the importance of adopting continuous assessments of legal needs, designing and delivering services with a people-centred purpose; upskilling the justice sector to meet the demands of a digitally enabled and people-centred justice system; enhancing the availability, quality, and use of data and statistical systems; and using digital technologies and data to improve the accessibility, efficiency, and responsiveness of the justice system in Portugal.
    DOI: 10.1787/cbde9a7a-en
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    Making Dispute Resolution More Effective – Simplified Peer Review, Pakistan (Stage 1) : Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 14 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264751637
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (57 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Steuererhebungsverfahren ; Pakistan ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; Pakistan
    Abstract: Under BEPS Action 14, members of the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The BEPS Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The initial peer review process was conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assessed countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focused on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' Stage 1 peer review report. Following the conclusion of the initial peer review process in 2022, a continued monitoring process has started whereby all Inclusive Framework member jurisdictions will be subject to continued monitoring: jurisdictions that have "meaningful MAP experience" would undergo a full peer review process once every four years and those that do not would undergo a two-stage simplified peer review process. This report reflects the outcome of Stage 1 of the simplified peer review of the implementation of the BEPS Action 14 Minimum Standard by Pakistan.
    DOI: 10.1787/9e56fbc7-en
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    Atractividad regional en el nuevo entorno global: Argentina, Chile y Colombia : Estudio de caso: Región del Pacífico de Colombia (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264692787
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (75 p.)
    Keywords: Development ; Colombia
    Abstract: El presente estudio busca analizar y proveer recomendaciones de política para una internacionalización de la región del Pacifico con el fin de promover un mayor desarrollo inclusive y sostenible. Si bien la región del Pacifico tiene unas características geográficas, naturales y culturales únicas, la región presenta altas disparidades y en algunas zonas presenta importantes retos a la atractividad internacional.
    DOI: 10.1787/4c08def9-es
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    Driving Performance at Brazil’s National Agency for Water and Basic Sanitation (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264916937 , 9789264361652
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (139 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: The Governance of Regulators
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Impulsionando o desempenho da Agência Nacional de Águas e Saneamento Básico do Brasil
    Keywords: Governance ; Brazil
    Abstract: As “market referees”, regulators contribute to the delivery of essential public utilities. Their organisational culture, behaviour, actions and governance are important factors in how they, and the sectors they oversee, perform. The OECD Performance Assessment Framework for Economic Regulators (PAFER) looks at the institutions, processes and practices that can create an organisational culture of performance and results. This report uses PAFER to assess both the internal and external governance of Brazil’s National Agency for Water and Basic Sanitation (ANA). The review offers recommendations for the regulator to build upon its strong technical reputation and good practices. It proposes an integrated set of recommendations to help ANA best fulfil its roles relating to water resource management and water-use regulation, dam safety, and water supply and sanitation.
    DOI: 10.1787/5b7dffa0-en
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    Manual sobre debida diligencia ambiental en las cadenas de suministro de minerales (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264593756 , 9789264807303
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (73 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Handbook on Environmental Due Diligence in Mineral Supply Chains
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD-Handbuch für umweltbezogene Sorgfaltspflichten in mineralischen Rohstofflieferketten
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Este manual ha sido elaborado para ayudar a las empresas a integrar las consideraciones ambientales en los procedimientos de debida diligencia de su cadena de suministro de minerales. El Manual se basa en los principales estándares internacionales respaldados por los gobiernos en materia de debida diligencia en cadenas de suministro y conducta empresarial responsable: las Líneas Directrices de la OCDE para Empresas Multinacionales sobre Conducta Empresarial Responsable, la Guía de Debida Diligencia de la OCDE para Cadenas de Suministro Responsables de Minerales en las Áreas de Conflicto o de Alto riesgo y la Guía de la OCDE de Debida Diligencia para una Conducta Empresarial Responsable. Este manual demuestra cómo pueden aplicarse los instrumentos de la OCDE en materia de debida diligencia para abordar los riesgos e impactos ambientales en las cadenas de suministro de minerales, contextualizando las recomendaciones existentes y orientando a los usuarios hacia recursos útiles.
    DOI: 10.1787/b4b11202-es
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    2024 Progress Report on Tax Co-operation for the 21st Century : OECD Report for the G7 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (28 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Rapport d’étape 2024 sur la coopération fiscale au XXIe siècle : Rapport de l’OCDE à l’intention des ministres des Finances et des gouverneurs de banque centrale du G7
    Keywords: Steuerpolitik ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Taxation
    Abstract: This report reflects on the implications of the evolving international tax policy landscape for international tax co-operation, and provides an update on the 2022 Report “Tax Co-operation for the 21st Century” and the 2023 Progress Report. The principles of tax co-operation set out in those reports have become even more important in light of the implementation of the Global Minimum Tax, which took effect from the beginning of this year. This report sets out the advances being made in implementing the vision for co-operation amongst tax administrations with a specific focus on the Global Minimum Tax. It also sets out areas of tax co-operation beyond the corporate tax system looking at recent developments in the exchange of information between tax administration as well as other transparency initiatives with respect to taxation of individuals. Finally, it addresses the implications of these developments in the international tax system for developing countries with respect to both direct and indirect taxes as well as the digitalisation of tax administration. This report was prepared by the OECD to inform the discussions at the May 2024 meeting of G7 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors, at the request of the G7 Italian Presidency.
    DOI: 10.1787/24adfedf-en
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    Best Available Techniques (BAT) for Preventing and Controlling Industrial Pollution - Activity 7: Cross Country Analysis of selected BREFs for Iron-Steel, Paper-Pulp and Waste incineration sectors (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264672161
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Series on Prevention and Control of Pollutant Releases
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Industrial facilities have a significant impact on the environment due to their use of large amounts of raw materials and energy, resulting in the release of pollutants into the air, water and soil. These facilities are obligated to adhere to various regulatory requirements, including emission levels and environmental quality objectives at the local level. This report provides a cross-country analysis of Best Available Techniques Reference Documents (BREFs) for three industrial sectors: iron and steel, paper and pulp, and waste incineration. It examines six BREFs from different countries and organisations, such as China, India, South Korea, the US, the EU, and the World Bank. The information gathered from various jurisdictions may help and support countries in developing sector-specific BREFs. Furthermore, this comparative analysis can identify areas for potential harmonisation between countries and highlight aspects of the BREFs that may require expansion or updating to better address environmental impact considerations.
    DOI: 10.1787/eff85baf-en
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    Measuring Progress in Adapting to a Changing Climate : Insights from OECD countries (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264640344 , 9789264431270
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (141 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Klimapolitik ; Klimawandel ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Chile ; Korea, Republic of ; Slovak Republic ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: To better address the impacts from climate change, OECD countries are increasingly making climate change adaptation a policy priority. Assessing progress in the implementation of national adaptation policies is a critical step in understanding how adaptation efforts contribute to strengthening climate resilience, and whether they are effective. Experience in policy design and implementation has grown significantly, however measuring progress remains a challenge for countries. Building on a cross-country survey and country case studies carried out in Chile, Korea, the Slovak Republic and the United Kingdom, this report provides insights into current OECD country practices in measuring climate adaptation. It proposes a framework that can guide countries on what needs to be measured and how, and discusses the role that adaptation indicators and a conducive institutional environment can play in strengthening adaptation measurement.
    DOI: 10.1787/8cfe45af-en
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    Strengthening Financial Literacy in Germany : Proposal for a National Financial Literacy Strategy (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264567146 , 9789264367036
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (39 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Finanzkompetenz in Deutschland stärken: Vorschlag für eine nationale Finanzbildungsstrategie
    Keywords: Finanzwissen ; Bildungspolitik ; Deutschland ; Finance and Investment ; Germany
    Abstract: This report presents a proposal for a National Financial Literacy Strategy for Germany. It builds on the analysis and preliminary recommendations included in the report “Financial literacy in Germany: Supporting financial resilience and well-being”. The report suggests measures to strengthen the financial literacy of adults and young people across different socio-economic groups in Germany, as well as to increase the impact of financial literacy initiatives.
    DOI: 10.1787/81e95597-en
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    OECD Secretary-General Tax Report to G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors (G20 Brazil, July 2024) (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (26 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Rapport sur la fiscalité du Secrétaire général de l’OCDE à l’intention des ministres des Finances et des gouverneurs de banque centrale du G20 (G20 Brésil, juillet 2024)
    Keywords: Steuerpolitik ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuerharmonisierung ; G20-Staaten ; OECD-Staaten ; Taxation
    Abstract: The report describes some of the key developments in international tax reform since February 2024, including on the Two-Pillar Solution to Address the Tax Challenges Arising from the Digitalisation of the Economy and on the implementation of the BEPS minimum standards. It also covers progress made in tax transparency and on tax and development, tax administration and consumption taxes, as well as dedicated segments on tax and inequality and tax policy developments. This report was prepared by the OECD ahead of the third meeting of G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors held under the Brazilian G20 Presidency from 25-26 July 2024, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
    DOI: 10.1787/3bacc6e8-en
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    OECD-Bericht zu Künstlicher Intelligenz in Deutschland (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264757929 , 9789264887060
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (189 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Artificial Intelligence Review of Germany
    Keywords: Künstliche Intelligenz ; Deutschland ; Science and Technology ; Germany
    Abstract: Dieser Bericht umfasst ein internationales Benchmarking des deutschen Ökosystems der Künstlichen Intelligenz (KI) und diskutiert Fortschritte bei der Umsetzung der nationalen KI-Strategie. Der Bericht stützt sich auf quantitative und qualitative Daten sowie auf Erkenntnisse aus dem OECD.AI Policy Observatory und dem OECD Programme on AI in Work, Innovation, Productivity and Skills (AI-WIPS) – einem von der Bundesregierung finanzierten OECD-Forschungsprogramm – und basiert auf Ergebnissen von Interviews mit einem breiten Spektrum an Interessenvertreter:innen in Deutschland. Der Bericht diskutiert Deutschlands Stärken, Schwächen, Chancen und Herausforderungen im KI-Bereich und gibt Empfehlungen zur Gestaltung der KI-Politik in Deutschland in den kommenden Jahren ab. Die Ergebnisse werden anhand der Schwerpunkte präsentiert, die in der nationalen KI-Strategie Deutschlands definiert wurden: 1) Köpfe; 2) Forschung; 3) Transfer und Anwendungen; 4) Arbeitswelt; 5) Ordnungsrahmen; und 6) Gesellschaft. Darüber hinaus befasst sich der Bericht mit der KI-Infrastruktur und enthält drei spezielle Sektor-„Spotlights“ zu KI im öffentlichen Sektor, KI und Nachhaltigkeit sowie zum Einsatz von KI im Gesundheitswesen.
    DOI: 10.1787/8fd1bd9d-de
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  • 80
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    Implementing the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention Phase 4 Report: Türkiye (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (77 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Anti-Korruption ; Türkei ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Türkiye
    Abstract: This report evaluates and makes recommendations on Türkiye’s implementation of the Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions and the 2021 Recommendation of the Council for Further Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions. It was adopted by the OECD Working Group on Bribery on 13 June 2024 The report is part of the OECD Working Group on Bribery’s fourth phase of monitoring, launched in 2016. Phase 4 looks at the evaluated country’s particular challenges and positive achievements. It also explores issues such as detection, enforcement, corporate liability and international co operation, as well as covering unresolved issues from prior reports.
    DOI: 10.1787/2db5c502-en
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  • 81
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    Guide de politique publique sur les cadres légaux pour l'économie sociale et solidaire (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264492103 , 9789264416239
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (134 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Développement économique et création d'emplois locaux (LEED)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Policy Guide on Legal Frameworks for the Social and Solidarity Economy
    Keywords: Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: Le guide de politique publique sur les cadres légaux pour l'économie sociale et solidaire vise à soutenir les pays, les régions et les villes qui souhaitent utiliser les cadres légaux comme un levier approprié pour développer des écosystèmes favorables à l'économie sociale et solidaire (ESS). S'appuyant sur des données, des informations et des exemples de bonnes pratiques provenant de plus de 33 pays, ce guide international fournit des conseils étape par étape, ainsi que des "facteurs de réussite" et des "écueils à éviter" pour aider les décideurs politiques à i) évaluer pourquoi et quand des cadres légaux pour l'ESS sont nécessaires ; ii) sélectionner des options légales et impliquer les parties prenantes ; iii) évaluer la performance des lois, et, iv) favoriser l'apprentissage international par les pairs sur ce sujet. Le guide s'appuie également sur les enseignements du document sur les cadres légaux pour l'économie sociale et solidaire, élaboré dans le cadre de l'action mondiale de l'OCDE "Promouvoir les écosystèmes de l'économie sociale et solidaire", financée par l'instrument de partenariat étranger de l'Union européenne, et de l'étude "Designing Legal Frameworks for Social Enterprises : Practical Guidance for Policy Makers".
    DOI: 10.1787/a7ded400-fr
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  • 82
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    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Sint Maarten 2024 (Second Round, Combined Review) : Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264560468
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (165 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Sint Maarten ; Taxation
    Abstract: This peer review report analyses the practical implementation of the standard of transparency and exchange of information on request (EOIR) in Sint Maarten, as part of the second round of reviews conducted by the Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes since 2016.
    DOI: 10.1787/f97c97df-en
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  • 83
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    Promoviendo la Integridad Pública en la Sociedad Ecuatoriana : Hacia un Sistema Nacional de Integridad (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264832671 , 9789264702462
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (67 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Estudios de la OCDE sobre Gobernanza Pública
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Promoting Public Integrity across Ecuadorian Society: Towards a National Integrity System
    Keywords: Governance ; Ecuador
    Abstract: Este informe analiza las principales acciones emprendidas por el gobierno ecuatoriano para articular los sectores público y privado, la academia, las organizaciones de la sociedad civil y los ciudadanos en la promoción de la integridad pública. Con base en este análisis, el informe ofrece recomendaciones para ayudar a Ecuador a fomentar una cultura de integridad en toda la sociedad ecuatoriana.
    DOI: 10.1787/2c074ccf-es
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  • 84
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    Enhancing the Public Procurement Performance Measurement Framework in Hungary : Assessing Efficiency, Compliance and Strategic Objectives (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264836358 , 9789264327429
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (68 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Keywords: Öffentlicher Auftrag ; Performance-Messung ; Compliance-Management ; Messung ; Ungarn ; Governance ; Hungary
    Abstract: Public procurement measurement frameworks are essential, both to assess progress and achievements periodically and consistently and to identify gaps in progress against objectives and targets. This report assesses the public procurement performance measurement framework in Hungary and provides recommendations for its improvement. It also explores aspects to consider in developing a public procurement measurement framework and communicating the results of the framework.
    DOI: 10.1787/afc1d91a-en
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  • 85
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    VITARA Reference Guide: Human Resource Management (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (53 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Taxation
    Abstract: This VITARA Reference Guide on Human Resource Management provides a good introduction into what human resource management (HRM) is, how it contributes to a tax administration’s performance, and how it is organized. It looks at some of the key areas of an effective HRM function and explores why they are important. The reference guide includes materials that are designed to cover good practices in the key areas of HRM. These good practices have helped to support tax administrations in the effective management of their human resources. Following the introduction, the reference guide is organized into six chapters highlighting HRM in a tax administration, the importance of HRM strategy, the organization of the HRM function, careers in a tax administration, the key areas of effective HRM, and the relevance of learning and development (L&D).
    DOI: 10.1787/6ef70142-en
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  • 86
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    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Israel 2024 (Second Round, Combined Review) : Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264788992
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (161 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Israel ; Taxation ; Israel
    Abstract: This peer review report analyses the practical implementation of the standard of transparency and exchange of information on request (EOIR) in Israel, as part of the second round of reviews conducted by the Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes since 2016.
    DOI: 10.1787/c06214b4-en
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  • 87
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    Perspectivas de anticorrupción e integridad 2024 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264617421 , 9789264664074
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (92 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Perspectives de l'OCDE sur la lutte contre la corruption et l'intégrité 2024
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Anti-Corruption and Integrity Outlook 2024
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Esta primera edición de las Perspectivas de la OCDE de anticorrupción e integridad analiza los esfuerzos de los países para combatir la corrupción y promover la integridad. Basándose en datos de los indicadores de la OCDE sobre integridad pública, analiza el desempeño de los marcos de integridad de los países, y explora cómo algunos de los principales retos que afrontan hoy los gobiernos (como la transición verde, la inteligencia artificial y la injerencia extranjera) están agravando los riesgos de corrupción. También aborda cómo las deficiencias de los sistemas de integridad pueden obstaculizar la respuesta de los países a estos grandes retos. Al ofrecer una visión panorámica de la situación actual en los países, este informe apoya la planificación estratégica y las medidas políticas para fortalecer la integridad pública de cara al futuro.
    DOI: 10.1787/d1153060-es
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  • 88
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    Χρηματοικονομικός εγγραμματισμός στην Ελλάδα : Σημασία, φορείς, και πρωτοβουλίες (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: Greek, Modern (1453- )
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (88 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Financial Literacy in Greece: Relevance, Actors and Initiatives
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Η παρούσα έκθεση εξετάζει το υπόβαθρο για τη βελτίωση του χρηματοοικονομικού αλφαβητισμού στην Ελλάδα, στο πλαίσιο ενός ευρύτερου σχεδίου για την ανάπτυξη μιας ελληνικής εθνικής στρατηγικής για τον χρηματοοικονομικό αλφαβητισμό. Παρουσιάζει τους ενδιαφερόμενους φορείς που εμπλέκονται άμεσα ή ενδιαφέρονται για τον χρηματοοικονομικό αλφαβητισμό και αναλύει τις πρωτοβουλίες χρηματοοικονομικού αλφαβητισμού που εφαρμόζονται επί του παρόντος στη χώρα.
    DOI: 10.1787/cb683962-el
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  • 89
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    Bộ Nguyên tắc Quản trị Công ty G20/OECD 2023 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264771734 , 9789264850200
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (53 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Aρχές εταιρικής διακυβέρνησης 2023 G20/ΟΟΣΑ
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe G20/ՏՀԶԿ ԿՈՐՊՈՐԱՏԻՎ ԿԱՌԱՎԱՐՄԱՆ ՍԿԶԲՈՒՆՔՆԵՐ 2023
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Principios de Gobierno Corporativo de la OCDE y del G20 2023
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Principes de gouvernance d’entreprise du G20 et de l’OCDE 2023
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 二十国集团/经合组织公司治理原则2023
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe G20/OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2023
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe G20/OECDコーポレートガバナンス原則2023
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe G20/OECD-Grundsätze der Corporate Governance 2023
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Princípios de Governação Corporativa do G20/OCDE 2023
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Bộ Nguyên tắc Quản trị Công ty G20/OECD giúp các nhà hoạch định chính sách đánh giá và cải thiện khuôn khổ pháp lý, quy định và thể chế cho quản trị doanh nghiệp. Các nguyên tắc này xác định các yếu tố then chốt tạo nên khuôn khổ quản trị doanh nghiệp hợp lý và đưa ra hướng dẫn thực tế để thực hiện ở cấp quốc gia. Bộ nguyên tắc cũng cung cấp hướng dẫn cho các sàn giao dịch chứng khoán, nhà đầu tư, tập đoàn và những đối tượng khác có vai trò trong việc phát triển quản trị doanh nghiệp tốt.
    DOI: 10.1787/5e30b009-vi
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  • 90
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    Mobilisation des recettes fiscales pour le financement de la santé au Cameroun (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264650404
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (101 p.)
    Keywords: Taxation ; Cameroon
    Abstract: Ce rapport analyse les mesures fiscales en lien avec la santé qui permettront au Cameroun de mobiliser davantage de recettes pour financer son système de santé. Les faibles performances de santé du Cameroun s’expliquent par le faible volume financier consacré à la santé (moins de 4 % du PIB) et la faible efficacité de la dépense publique de santé. Une trop grande part du financement de la santé provient des paiements directs des ménages, tandis que les dépenses publiques de santé sont insuffisantes. Cela est liée à un taux de pression fiscale faible et qui stagne depuis dix ans, dans un contexte de forte informalité et de faible réactivité des recettes fiscales à la croissance. Or, le potentiel de hausse des recettes fiscales est élevé selon les estimations du rapport. Quatre grands axes d’actions sont détaillés dans ce rapport : (i) élargir la base d’imposition en incitant à la formalisation et au recouvrement des taxes, (ii) accroître les recettes des impôts en lien avec la santé et améliorer leur conception ; (iii) avoir un recours accru aux recettes fiscales générales par des réformes progressives et favorisant la croissance et la formalisation ; (iv) réfléchir à une affectation souple d’une partie des recettes à la santé. Le rapport inclue un chiffrage des réformes proposées à court et moyen terme. Il discute également du financement de la couverture santé universelle et propose des mesures fiscales permettant de couvrir ses coûts.
    DOI: 10.1787/abd4be35-fr
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  • 91
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    Renforcer la transparence fiscale internationale dans le domaine immobilier – de la théorie à la pratique : Rapport de l’OCDE à l’intention des ministres des Finances et des gouverneurs de banque centrale des pays du G20 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (25 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Strengthening International Tax Transparency on Real Estate – From Concept to Reality: OECD Report to G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors
    Keywords: Taxation
    Abstract: En juillet 2023, à la suite d’une demande émanant de la Présidence indienne du G20, l’OCDE a présenté un rapport qui prônait un renforcement de la transparence fiscale sur les transactions immobilières et élaborait un certain nombre de solutions conceptuelles visant à améliorer l’architecture existante sur une base volontaire. Depuis lors, l’OCDE a mené des travaux techniques afin de mieux comprendre les besoins en information des administrations fiscales, les renseignements dont elles disposent déjà et les mesures à prendre pour accroître la transparence dans ce domaine. Dans ce contexte, ce rapport décrit les éléments essentiels à mettre en place pour améliorer la transparence en pratique. Les juridictions intéressées peuvent procéder par étape pour adopter ces éléments essentiels, en commençant par systématiser les échanges d’informations aisément disponibles, puis en se dirigeant progressivement vers des solutions plus structurelles propres à favoriser la coopération internationale dans le domaine de l’immobilier, en s’appuyant sur des sources de données fiables et des méthodes efficaces pour se procurer les renseignements pertinents à des fins fiscales. Ces solutions structurelles garantiraient également l’accès aux informations sur les bénéficiaires effectifs lorsque des biens immobiliers sont détenus par des entités ou des constructions juridiques. Ce rapport a été préparé par l’OCDE afin d’étayer les discussions qui se tiendront à la réunion de juillet 2024 des ministres des Finances et des gouverneurs de banque centrale des pays du G20, à la demande de la Présidence brésilienne du G20.
    DOI: 10.1787/38a1ac9e-fr
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  • 92
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    مراجعة سياسة النمو الأخضر في مصر لمنظّمة التّعاون الاقتصادي والتّنمية 2024 (نسخة مختصرة) (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264582002
    Language: Arabic
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (47 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Green Growth Policy Review of Egypt 2024
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Examen des politiques en faveur de la croissance verte de l'Égypte 2024 (version abrégée)
    Keywords: Energy ; Environment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Economics ; Egypt
    Abstract: تعد مصر اقتصادًا ناشئًا سريع النمو وتمثل عبئًا ديموغرافيًا ثقيلًا على القارة الأفريقية. فيشكّلُ كلٌ من النمو السكاني المتزايد، وتغير استخدام الأراضي، والتلوث، وتغير المناخ، ضغوطا متزايدة على البيئة الطبيعية، بما في ذلك تنوعها البيولوجي الغني. ورغم أن مصر قد حقّقت فصلًا نسبيًا لانبعاثات غازات الدفيئة عن النمو الاقتصادي، الا أنها لا تزال تحتاج إلى دمج العمل المناخي على نحوٍ أكبر، في مختلف القطاعات، ورفع سقف طموحاها تدريجيًّا. وباعتبارها واحدة من أكثر بلدان العالم معاناة من نقص المياه، فمن المفترض أن تساهم زيادة استخدام الأدوات الاقتصادية في معالجة ندرة المياه وتحسين نوعيتها. وقد التزمت الحكومة، كهدف من أهداف رؤية مصر 2030 بتحويل التحديات البيئية إلى فرص. فقد اتخذت خطوات للتحرك نحو إدارة أكثر استدامة للنفايات ومعالجة تلوث الهواء، الذي لا يزال مصدر قلق صحي. ولدى مصر إمكانات كبيرة لتسريع تحولها إلى الطاقة النظيفة. وفي حين تحسنت المعلومات والبيانات البيئية عموما، ينبغي تعزيز مشاركة الجمهور في صنع القرارات البيئية بشكلٍ أكبر. إنّها المراجعة الأولى لسياسة النمو الأخضر في مصر. حيث يبحث التقرير في التقدم المحرز نحو تحقيق التنمية المستدامة والنمو الأخضر على مدى العقد الماضي. وتهدف التوصيات الـ 40 إلى مساعدة مصر في تحسين أدائها البيئي، مع التركيز على بناء مدن مراعية للمناخ ومرنة وشاملة.
    DOI: 10.1787/12cc20ad-ar
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  • 93
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    Shifting Power with Partners : Toolkit for Implementing the DAC Recommendation on Enabling Civil Society in Development Co-operation and Humanitarian Assistance (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (50 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Best Practices in Development Co-operation
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: This toolkit offers practical advice to development co-operation and humanitarian assistance providers adhering to the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) Recommendation on Enabling Civil Society in Development Co-operation and Humanitarian Assistance. It helps them implement the Recommendation’s provisions to strengthen local ownership and leadership, and support civil society in partner countries as independent development and humanitarian actors – particularly through more equitable partnerships between and within civil society organisations (CSOs). It is a companion piece to the 2023 OECD toolkit of the same series, Funding civil society in partner countries: Toolkit for Implementing the DAC Recommendation on Enabling Civil Society in Development Co-operation and Humanitarian Assistance.
    DOI: 10.1787/7987e8db-en
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  • 94
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    A Tiered Approach for Reliable Bioaccumulation Assessment of Manufactured Nanomaterials in the Environment Whilst Minimising the Use of Vertebrate Testing (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264936522
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (73 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Series on the Safety of Manufactured Nanomaterials and other Advanced Materials
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The overall aim of this scoping review was to explore the possible options for a tiered approach to bioaccumulation testing, the available tools or test methods, and to provide data to show potential linkages between the possible tiers in the testing strategy, as well as the evidence-base for seeking alternatives to using live fish. An example scheme is outlined here, with four possible tiers to show the thinking on how such a scheme might work in practise. The tiers include: (i) chemistry triggers as alternatives to the log Kow test that are more relevant to the behaviour of nanomaterials (MNs); (ii) the inclusion of data from invertebrate tests, cell cultures, and/or in silico models to provide a weight of evidence for a bioaccumulation concern; (iii) an in vitro tier using fish gut tissue; and finally, tier (iv), the dietary method of TG 305.
    DOI: 10.1787/2f16cda4-en
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  • 95
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    Workshop report on implementing lessons learned from chemical accidents and process safety risks from energy transition technologies (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (18 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Series on Chemical Accidents
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The OECD Working Party on Chemical Accidents (WPCA) organised a half-day thematic session at the occasion of its 32nd meeting on 26th October 2022. This thematic session covered two themes: How to make lessons from accidents work? and Challenges and issues arising from decarbonisation and the energy transition. The thematic session was organised as a brainstorming meeting with presentations from experts and discussion to exchange on challenges in these two particular areas. This report summarises the main conclusions from the thematic session.
    DOI: 10.1787/b917d592-en
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  • 96
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    Reviving Broadly Shared Productivity Growth in Spain (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264651609 , 9789264337664
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Produktivität ; Produktivitätsentwicklung ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Spanien ; Employment ; Spain
    Abstract: Spain has been confronted with weak wage and productivity growth for several decades. This report provides an overview of the role that labour market policies as well as other policies can play in reviving broadly shared productivity growth in Spain. To set the scene, it starts with documenting the decline in broadly shared productivity growth and its underlying mechanisms. It then provides a discussion of how policies can enhance the adaptability of the economy and labour market to structural change. It concludes with a discussion of the role of selected labour market policies for promoting broadly shared productivity gains. The emphasis is on wage-setting institutions, employment protection and job retention support, consistent with the focus of recent reforms.
    DOI: 10.1787/34061b21-en
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  • 97
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    OECD Development Co‑operation Peer Reviews: Korea 2024 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264456273 , 9789264988118
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (72 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Examens de l'OCDE sur la coopération pour le développement : Corée 2024
    Keywords: Entwicklungshilfe ; Südkorea ; Development ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: The OECD’s Development Assistance Committee (DAC) conducts peer reviews of individual members once every five to six years. Reviews seek to improve the quality and effectiveness of members’ development co-operation, highlighting good practices and recommending improvements. Fourteen years after joining the DAC in 2010, Korea is at a pivotal juncture as it rapidly scales up official development assistance (ODA) and assumes more global responsibility. The 2020 revision of the Framework Act signals a more coherent, cross-government approach to implement a larger budget. There is potential to bring greater coherence between domestic and international policies supported by legislation on sustainable development. This peer review provides a set of recommendations for Korea to strengthen strategic partnerships and dialogue with partners, and use the cross-government capacity review and evaluations to prioritise larger ODA volumes to implementers. It recommends that Korea increase the number of qualified staff working in development across government, delegate more authority to partner country offices, and increase its risk appetite to expand private sector operations.
    DOI: 10.1787/889c6564-en
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  • 98
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    Bridging Talent Shortages in Tech : Skills-first Hiring, Micro-credentials and Inclusive Outreach (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264595200 , 9789264618367
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (81 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Getting Skills Right
    Keywords: Hochqualifizierte Arbeitskräfte ; Hochtechnologie ; Qualifikation ; Bildungsabschluss ; Weiterbildung ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment
    Abstract: Talent shortages in the tech sector pose significant challenges for firms, workers and governments, hindering productivity, innovation, job satisfaction and economic growth. To address these shortages, this report emphasises the importance of a comprehensive, multi-stakeholder strategy based on innovative policy actions. This includes adopting skills-first approaches to hiring, which prioritise specific skills over traditional qualifications, expanding talent pools and enabling employers to adapt more dynamically to evolving technological demands. Additionally, the promotion of micro-credentials is highlighted as a crucial tool for facilitating rapid skill development tailored to current industry needs, thereby supporting continuous learning and workforce agility. Furthermore, fostering inclusivity in the tech sector is essential. The report advocates for inclusive initiatives that broaden the talent pool by addressing barriers faced by under-represented groups, including women, minorities, youth and migrants. The report emphasises that successful implementation of these strategies requires robust collaboration among governments, education and training institutions, and the private sector. It draws on exemplary practices from various OECD countries to illustrate effective approaches to fostering such collaboration, ensuring sustainable solutions to alleviate talent shortages in the tech sector globally.
    DOI: 10.1787/f35da44f-en
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  • 99
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    Western Balkans Competitiveness Outlook 2024: Regional Profile (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264501638 , 9789264633469
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (246 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Competitiveness and Private Sector Development
    Keywords: Internationaler Wettbewerb ; Wirtschaftslage ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Südosteuropa ; Employment ; Development ; Economics
    Abstract: Inclusive and sustainable economic growth in the six Western Balkan (WB6) economies depends on greater economic competitiveness. Although the gap is closing gradually, the standards of living in WB6 are well below those of the OECD and EU. Accelerating the rate of socio-economic convergence will require a holistic and growth oriented approach to policy making. This is the fourth study of the region (formerly under the title 'Competitiveness in South East Europe') and it comprehensively assesses policy reforms in the WB6 economies across 15 policy areas key to strengthening their competitiveness. It enables WB6 economies to compare economic performance against regional peers, as well as EU-OECD good practices and standards, and to design future policies based on rich evidence and actionable policy recommendations. The regional profile presents assessment findings across five policy clusters crucial to accelerating socio-economic convergence of the WB6 by fostering regional co-operation: business environment, skills, infrastructure and connectivity, digital transformation and greening. Economy-specific profiles complement the regional assessment, offering each WB6 economy an in-depth analysis of their policies supporting competitiveness. They also track the implementation of the previous 2021 study's recommendations and provide additional ones tailored to the economies’ evolving challenges. These recommendations aim to inform structural economic reforms and facilitate the region’s socio-economic convergence towards the standards of the EU and OECD.
    DOI: 10.1787/170b0e53-en
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  • 100
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    Finanzkompetenz in Deutschland stärken : Vorschlag für eine nationale Finanzbildungsstrategie (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264860957 , 9789264983687
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (37 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Strengthening Financial Literacy in Germany: Proposal for a National Financial Literacy Strategy
    Keywords: Finanzwissen ; Bildungspolitik ; Deutschland ; Finance and Investment ; Germany
    Abstract: Der hier vorgestellte Vorschlag für eine nationale Finanzbildungsstrategie für Deutschland stützt sich auf die Analysen und vorläufigen Empfehlungen der Studie Finanzbildung in Deutschland: Finanzielle Resilienz und finanzielles Wohlergehen verbessern. Er nennt Maßnahmen, um die Finanzbildung von Erwachsenen und jungen Menschen aus verschiedenen sozioökonomischen Gruppen zu stärken und die Wirkung von Finanzbildungsinitiativen zu erhöhen.
    DOI: 10.1787/77d40624-de
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