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  • 1985-1989  (5)
  • Hagemann, Robert  (3)
  • Montador, Robert Bruce  (3)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (5)
  • Wiesbaden : Springer VS
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ageing Populations : Economic Effects and Implications for Public Finance (1989)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 89 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.61
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Recent swings in fertility rates, combined with anticipated increases in life expectancy, are expected to result in a significant increase in the number and proportion of elderly persons in the first half of the next century. This "ageing" of OECD populations is expected to have widespread impacts, affecting labour markets, the composition and level of consumption and output, national rates of saving and the rate of capital accumulation, etc. A widely recognized effect of ageing will be the pressures it will place on public sector finances as the share of future output transferred to a large dependent population rises. This paper discusses some of the potential economic impacts of ageing. It also presents an analysis of its impacts on public pension financing requirements, with particular emphasis on selected OECD countries -- Germany, Japan, Sweden and the United States. It is shown that, where desirable, future increases in retirement age and benefit reductions could help reduce ...
    DOI: 10.1787/401111720150
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Economic Dynamics of an Ageing Population : The Case of Four OECD Countries (1989)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 43 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.62
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Demographic changes, such as those anticipated in most OECD countries, have many economic effects that impinge on a country's fiscal viability. Evaluation of the effects of associated changes in capital-labour ratios and the welfare and behaviour of different generations requires the use of a dynamic general equilibrium model. This paper uses an overlapping generations demographic simulation model, which incorporates bequest behaviour, technological change, the possibility that the economy is open to international trade, and government consumption expenditures that depend on the age composition of the population. The model has been further adapted to study the effects of anticipated demographic changes in Japan, the Federal Republic of Germany, Sweden and the United States. The simulation results indicate that these changes could have a major impact on rates of national saving, real wage rate and current accounts. One of this paper's fundamental lessons is that allowing for general ...
    DOI: 10.1787/054502801660
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Medium-Term Macroeconomic Strategy Revisited (1987)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 44 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.48
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper discusses several aspects of the medium-term orientation of OECD countries' economic policies in the 1980s, concentrating on monetary and fiscal instruments. The developments that led to the adoption of such a "medium-term strategy", and the apparent analytical rationale for it, are first described. The paper then examines the way the strategy was actually implemented, attempting to judge how closely policies have in fact followed medium-term objectives, and assesses the results. Some lessons from experience with the strategy are outlined in conclusion ...
    DOI: 10.1787/432567751277
    URL: Volltext
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Tax Reform in OECD Countries : Economic Rationale and Consequences (1987)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 130 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.40
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper examines the question of tax reform in OECD countries. First, the reasons for tax reform are reviewed. These include economic efficiency arguments as well as concerns about equity which are often a major consideration. Next, the paper considers the many factors which constrain governments in their effort to reform the tax system (such as inherent conflicts between efficiency and equity, and the non-revenue objectives of taxation), and how those constraints might be reduced. Finally, the paper reviews the extent of tax reform in OECD countries, noting some of the remaining problems ...
    DOI: 10.1787/082177701741
    URL: Volltext
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Public Debt in a Medium-Term Context and Its Implications for Fiscal Policy (1986)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 71 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.30
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper examines the problems raised by the recent sharp increases in the ratio of public debt to GNP in most OECD Member countries. When interest rates exceed growth rates, this development appears as a symptom of instability in public finances. The paper also analyses the evolution of public debt within the wider framework of the government sector's net worth. One particular aspect of this approach -- the implicit pension liabilities of governments -- is seen to have a significant bearing on the debt outlook in several countries. Finally, the paper assesses the sensitivity of the public debt profile under alternative fiscal policy settings ...
    DOI: 10.1787/628367225815
    URL: Volltext
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