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  • 1
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1326
    Keywords: Investition ; Investitionspolitik ; Investitionsklima ; Wettbewerbspolitik ; Deutschland ; Economics ; Germany ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Non-residential investment has fallen over the past 20 years as a share of GDP and is now lower than in several other high-income OECD countries. Business investment growth has been weak since the outbreak of the global financial and economic crisis. Government investment has been low, especially at municipal level. Investment in knowledge-based capital (KBC), which is closely related to long-term productivity performance, has been subdued. Weak growth prospects in the Euro Area have weighed on business investment and an increasing share of firms invests in distant, more dynamic markets. Policies that strengthen stability and growth prospects in the Euro Area would raise the attractiveness of Germany as a location to invest, notably steps to strengthen the single market and cross-border infrastructure, and complete the banking union. Steps to liberalise regulation of services, in particular knowledge-intensive professional services, would raise investment and productivity. Policies that encourage the reallocation of resources would also increase investment in KBC. Poor municipalities invest relatively little and there is scope to lower the cost of public investment projects. Better use of e-governance and more performance-oriented budgeting could improve the efficiency and effectiveness of public investment.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
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  • 2
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1327
    Keywords: Alternde Bevölkerung ; Rentenreform ; Familie-Beruf ; Gesundheitsreform ; Deutschland ; Economics ; Germany ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Population ageing is setting in earlier in Germany than in most other OECD economies and will be marked. It could lead to a substantial decline in employment, weighing on GDP per capita, and will raise demand for health-related public services. Germany has already implemented far-reaching reforms to mitigate the implications of ageing for per capita income, well-being and the sustainability of public finances. Nonetheless, continued efforts are needed to help older workers to improve their work-life balance and adjust their working hours to their ability and desire to work. Moreover, stressful working conditions and unhealthy lifestyles contribute to poor self-reported health and reduce the ability and willingness to work at higher age. There is scope to promote life-long learning. As the generosity of the public pension system will diminish, the contribution of private pensions to ensure pension adequacy needs to be strengthened.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 42 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.838
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Raising Education Outcomes in Switzerland
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Presque tous les travailleurs ont un niveau d’instruction correspondant au moins au deuxième cycle de l’enseignement secondaire, et l’enseignement professionnel contribue à assurer aux jeunes un passage à l’emploi parmi les plus réussis de la zone de l’OCDE. L’enseignement supérieur jouit d’une excellente réputation, comme en témoignent le taux de publications scientifiques par rapport à la population, l’un des plus élevés de la zone de l’OCDE, et le rang élevé qu’occupent les universités helvétiques dans les classements internationaux. La participation à la formation continue est l’une des plus fortes de la zone de l’OCDE. Les résultats relevés pour les enfants de milieu socio-économique modeste ou issus de l’immigration ne sont pas vraiment à la hauteur de la qualité du système d’enseignement. Améliorer l’éducation préscolaire et l’offre de structures d’accueil des très jeunes enfants permettrait à ces derniers, surtout aux deux catégories d’enfants précitées, de mieux réussir dans leur scolarité ultérieure. Dans l’enseignement obligatoire les établissements devraient être tenus plus responsables de leurs résultats. En ce qui concerne l’enseignement supérieur, les taux de diplômés enregistrés parmi les jeunes sont peu élevés pour un pays de l’OCDE à haut revenu, ce qui tient à l’importance de la filière professionnelle du deuxième cycle de l’enseignement secondaire. Une augmentation du nombre de diplômés de l’enseignement supérieur pourrait se traduire par des gains de productivité, surtout face au vieillissement de la population. Les dépenses publiques par élève de l’enseignement préscolaire sont faibles par comparaison avec les autres pays, alors que les dépenses par diplômé de l’enseignement supérieur universitaire figurent parmi les plus élevées de la zone de l’OCDE.
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 25 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.667
    Keywords: Economics ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Measures to make the regulation of product markets more conducive to competition play a prominent role in the governments “growth package” of measures to stimulate economic growth which are in the process of being implemented. This paper discusses these measures and suggests further improvements. Notwithstanding significant reforms in recent years, competition law and its enforcement are still weaker than in other OECD countries. Scope for making regulation of product markets more competition-friendly is large in the network industries. While sector-specific regulators have been introduced, their independence needs to be strengthened. The reform of the electricity supply law provides the main building block opening the industry to competition, but vertical separation requirements of the electricity grid from electricity generation and trading activities need to be strengthened. In telecommunications, restrictions in access of competitors to the local loop limit the scope for lowering prices and improving quality of service in broadband connections. Measures still need to be taken to prevent discrimination against market entrants in the railway passenger services market and much scope exists to widen competition in postal services. Progress in lowering the degree of protection in the proposed legislation on agricultural policy 2007-11 is modest. Trade barriers can also be lowered for manufactured goods through the adoption of the Cassis de Dijon principle.
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  • 5
    Language: English
    Pages: 43 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.507
    Keywords: Economics ; Germany
    Abstract: Much scope remains to make regulation of product markets more conducive to competition ? notwithstanding progress in recent years ? with substantial benefits for consumer welfare, productivity and employment. While the general competition legislation and enforcement framework is mostly effective, measures need to be taken to reduce administrative burdens on entrepreneurship and reduce the involvement of the government in business sector activities, notably through accelerated privatisation. Policies favouring small enterprises need to be revised, with a view to fully exposing them to competition and avoiding disincentives for small firms to grow. Substantial regulatory challenges exist in specific sectors, notably in the energy and railway industries where non-discriminatory access of market entrants to networks needs to be improved. Environmental objectives in energy market regulation could be achieved at lower cost. In the telecommunications industry, competition in the local loop can be strengthened. Regulation of the liberal professions is among the most restrictive in the OECD. Entry barriers need to be eliminated in crafts. and restrictions on large-scale retailing development could be eased. This paper relates to the 2006 Economic Survey of Germany (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/germany).
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 7, no. 2, p. 7-66
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 61 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 7, no. 2, p. 7-66
    Keywords: Governance ; Germany
    Abstract: Germany's post-war competition law has been notably successful, and the enforcement body, the Bundeskartellamt, is widely respected. German institutions are now challenged to adapt to the modernised EU enforcement approach. Germany's institutional structure has supported competition well within its defined sphere; however, it may not be as well adapted to promoting competition in liberalising network sectors
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 39 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.407
    Keywords: Economics ; Germany ; Deutschland ; Innovationsfähigkeit
    Abstract: Key indicators show Germany belonging to the countries in the OECD with strong innovation activity even though some weakening in Germany’s position relative to other OECD countries has occurred recently. While the redirection of resources towards unification-related spending as well as low economic growth have contributed to this development, more fundamental structural issues have also played a role. Germany has benefited less than other high-performing countries from the surge in new technologies, such as ICT and biotechnology, as innovation activities continue to focus on sectors, such as machinery and automobiles, in which Germany has a long record of strong export performance. Some features of the regulation of capital, product and labour markets are hampering the supply of risk capital, the creation of new firms and the reallocation of labour. In addition, firms are finding it increasingly difficult to recruit highly qualified labour. Measures to improve the framework ...
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