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  • OECD  (2,785)
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Material
Years
Year
  • 1
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Paris : OECD ; Ed. 30.2006 -
    ISSN: 1995-3968 , 1999-124X , 1999-124X
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: Ed. 30.2006 -
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. International migration outlook ...
    Parallel Title: Dt. Ausg. Internationaler Migrationsausblick
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. ---〉 Perspectives des migrations internationales
    Former Title: Vorg. Trends in international migration
    Former Title: annual report ...
    Former Title: SOPEMI
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Internationale Migration ; Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Zeitschrift ; Bericht ; Internationale Migration ; Trend ; Internationale Migration ; Internationale Migration ; Trend
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  • 2
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Paris : OECD ; Ed. 30.2006 -
    ISSN: 1995-3968 , ISSN 1999-124X , ISSN 1999-124X
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: Ed. 30.2006 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als International migration outlook ...
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Internationaler Migrationsausblick
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Franz. Ausg. ---〉 Perspectives des migrations internationales
    Former Title: Vorg. Trends in international migration
    Former Title: annual report ...
    Former Title: SOPEMI
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Internationale Migration ; Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Emigration and immigration Statistics ; Periodicals ; Alien labor Statistics ; Periodicals ; Emigration and Immigration ; Demography ; Economics ; Annual Reports ; Internationale Migration ; Internationale Prozesse und Tendenzen Internationale Migration ; Einwanderung/Einwanderer ; Auswanderung/Auswanderer ; Wirkung/Auswirkung ; Wirtschaftliche Entwicklung ; Bisherige Entwicklung, gegenwärtige Lage ; Länderbericht ; OECD countries Statistics Emigration and immigration ; Periodicals ; Graue Literatur ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Bericht ; Internationale Migration ; Trend
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  • 3
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Paris : OECD ; Ed. 30.2006 -
    ISSN: 1995-3968 , 1999-124X , 1999-124X
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: Ed. 30.2006 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als International migration outlook ...
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Internationaler Migrationsausblick
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Franz. Ausg. ---〉 Perspectives des migrations internationales
    Former Title: Vorg. Trends in international migration
    Former Title: annual report ...
    Former Title: SOPEMI
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Internationale Migration ; Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Emigration and immigration Statistics ; Periodicals ; Alien labor Statistics ; Periodicals ; Emigration and Immigration ; Demography ; Economics ; Annual Reports ; Internationale Migration ; Internationale Prozesse und Tendenzen Internationale Migration ; Einwanderung/Einwanderer ; Auswanderung/Auswanderer ; Wirkung/Auswirkung ; Wirtschaftliche Entwicklung ; Bisherige Entwicklung, gegenwärtige Lage ; Länderbericht ; OECD countries Statistics Emigration and immigration ; Periodicals ; Graue Literatur ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Bericht ; Internationale Migration ; Trend
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  • 4
    Language: English , French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Ageing and employment policies
    Former Title: 2.2003 Hauptsacht. franz.. - 2.2003 Parallelsacht. engl.
    Keywords: OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Sozialpolitik
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  • 5
    Language: English , French
    Edition: [Elektronische Ressource]
    Series Statement: OECD statistics
    Keywords: Diskette
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 6
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Series Statement: Emerging economies transition
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Examen des politiques d'investissement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. OECD investment policy reviews
    Keywords: Auslandsinvestition
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  • 7
    Language: English , French , Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. International standardisation of fruit and vegetables
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    Show associated volumes/articles
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Études de l'OCDE sur l'administration électronique
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. OECD e-government studies
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  • 9
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Enterprise policy performance assessment
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  • 10
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Paris : OECD ; Ed. 30.2006 -
    ISSN: 1995-3968 , 1999-124X , 1999-124X
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: Ed. 30.2006 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als International migration outlook ...
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Internationaler Migrationsausblick
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Franz. Ausg. ---〉 Perspectives des migrations internationales
    Former Title: Vorg. Trends in international migration
    Former Title: annual report ...
    Former Title: SOPEMI
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Internationale Migration ; Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Emigration and immigration Statistics ; Periodicals ; Alien labor Statistics ; Periodicals ; Emigration and Immigration ; Demography ; Economics ; Annual Reports ; Internationale Migration ; Internationale Prozesse und Tendenzen Internationale Migration ; Einwanderung/Einwanderer ; Auswanderung/Auswanderer ; Wirkung/Auswirkung ; Wirtschaftliche Entwicklung ; Bisherige Entwicklung, gegenwärtige Lage ; Länderbericht ; OECD countries Statistics Emigration and immigration ; Periodicals ; Graue Literatur ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Bericht ; Internationale Migration ; Trend
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : [Verlag nicht ermittelbar] ; 1.2003 -
    ISSN: 1815-199X
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.2003 -
    Keywords: Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur ; Monografische Reihe
    Note: Gesehen am 20.04.2022
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  • 12
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Paris : OECD ; 1.2005 - 6.2010; [7.]2011/12(2012); 8.2013; 2014 - 2015/16(2016); damit Ersch. eingest.
    ISSN: 1995-3879 , 2307-3764
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.2005 - 6.2010; [7.]2011/12(2012); 8.2013; 2014 - 2015/16(2016); damit Ersch. eingest.
    Series Statement: OECD publishing
    Parallel Title: Engl. Ausg. OECD OECD factbook
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Die OECD in Zahlen und Fakten
    DDC: 337.1021
    RVK:
    Keywords: OECD ; Statistische Grunddaten ; Wirtschaftsstatistik ; Sozialstatistik ; Umweltstatistik ; OECD-Staaten ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Statistik ; Graue Literatur ; Zeitschrift ; Statistik ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Wirtschaft ; Umwelt ; Bevölkerung ; OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten
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  • 13
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Paris : OECD ; 1.2005 - 6.2010; [7.]2011/12=2011; 8.2013; 2014 - 2015/2016 ; damit Erscheinen eingestellt
    ISSN: 1995-3879 , 1814-7364 , 1814-7364
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.2005 - 6.2010; [7.]2011/12=2011; 8.2013; 2014 - 2015/2016 ; damit Erscheinen eingestellt
    Series Statement: OECD publishing
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Die OECD in Zahlen und Fakten
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD factbook
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD factbook
    DDC: 300
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: OECD ; Statistische Grunddaten ; Wirtschaftsstatistik ; Umweltstatistik ; Sozialstatistik ; OECD-Staaten ; Statistik ; Graue Literatur ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Statistik ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Wirtschaft ; Umwelt ; Bevölkerung ; OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9789264208063
    Language: English
    Pages: 250 S.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: PISA 2012 results vol. 5
    Series Statement: PISA
    Series Statement: PISA 2012 results
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als PISA 2012 results ; Vol. V: Creative problem solving
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: This fifth volume of PISA 2012 results presents an assessment of student performance in problem solving, which measures students’ capacity to respond to non-routine situations in order to achieve their potential as constructive and reflective citizens. It provides the rationale for assessing problem-solving skills and describes performance within and across countries and economies. In addition, the volume highlights the relative strengths and weaknesses of each school system and examines how they are related to individual student characteristics, such as gender, immigrant background and socio-economic status. The volume also explores the role of education in fostering problem-solving skills.
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9783763954704
    Language: German
    Pages: 300 S.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Pisa 2012 Ergebnisse 2
    Series Statement: PISA
    Series Statement: PISA 2012 Ergebnisse
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. PISA 2012 Results; Excellence through Equity (Volume II); Giving Every Student the Chance to Succeed
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Résultats du PISA 2012 ; L'équité au service de l'excellence (Volume II) ; Offrir à chaque élève la possibilité de réussir
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Dieser zweite Band der Berichtsreihe PISA 2012 Ergebnisse definiert und misst die Chancengerechtigkeit in der Bildung und analysiert, wie sie sich von PISA 2003 bis PISA 2012 in den verschiedenen Ländern entwickelt hat. Er untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen den Leistungen und dem sozioökonomischen Hintergrund der Schüler und beschreibt, inwieweit andere individuelle Schülermerkmale, wie ein eventueller Migrationshintergrund oder die Familienstruktur, sowie Schulmerkmale, wie z.B. der Schulstandort, mit dem sozioökonomischen Status und der Leistung in Zusammenhang stehen. Der Band zeigt darüber hinaus, dass zwischen den einzelnen Ländern Unterschiede in Bezug darauf bestehen, wie gerecht die Ressourcen und Lernmöglichkeiten auf Schulen mit unterschiedlichem sozioökonomischem Profil verteilt sind. Zudem enthält der Band Fallstudien, in denen die Politikreformen von Ländern, die ihre Ergebnisse im Verlauf ihrer Teilnahme an PISA verbessert haben, untersucht werden.
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264224292
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 474; Le test de micronoyaux sur les érythrocytes de mammifères
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The mammalian in vivo micronucleus test is used for the detection of damage induced by the test substance to the chromosomes or the mitotic apparatus of erythroblasts, by analysis of erythrocytes as sampled in bone marrow and/or peripheral blood cells of animals, usually rodents (mice or rats). The purpose of the micronucleus test is to identify substances (liquid or solid) that cause cytogenetic damage which results in the formation of micronuclei containing lagging chromosome fragments or whole chromosomes. An increase in the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in treated animals is an indication of induced chromosome damage. Animals are exposed to the test substance by an appropriate route (usually by gavage using a stomach tube or a suitable intubation cannula, or by intraperitoneal injection). Bone marrow and/or blood cells are collected, prepared and stained. Preparations are analyzed for the presence of micronuclei. Each treated and control group must include at least 5 analysable animals per sex. Administration of the treatments consists of a single dose of test substance or two daily doses (or more). The limit dose is 2000 mg/kg/body weight/day for treatment up to 14 days, and 1000 mg/kg/body weight/day for treatment longer than 14 days.
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264204126
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (134 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Survey of Adult Skills; Reader's Companion
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: La révolution technologique amorcée au cours des dernières décennies du XXe siècle a modifié presque toutes les facettes de notre vie au XXIe siècle. Les services de transport et de communication ont gagné en rapidité et en efficacité, et facilitent désormais les déplacements partout dans le monde des personnes, des marchandises, des services et des capitaux, entraînant la mondialisation des économies. Ces mutations sociales et économiques ont, à leur tour, fait évoluer la demande de compétences. Alors que l’automatisation gagne sans cesse le secteur industriel et certaines tâches peu qualifiées, les besoins en aptitudes cognitives routinières et en savoir-faire artisanal vont en diminuant, tandis que les compétences en traitement de l’information et d’autres aptitudes cognitives et compétences interpersonnelles de haut niveau sont toujours plus prisées. L’Évaluation des compétences des adultes, lancée dans le cadre du Programme pour l’évaluation internationale des compétences des adultes (PIAAC), vise à fournir un nouvel éclairage sur le rôle de certaines de ces compétences clés dans la société et sur leur utilisation dans le cadre privé et professionnel. Elle mesure directement la maîtrise de plusieurs compétences en traitement de l’information : la littératie, la numératie et la résolution de problèmes dans des environnements à forte composante technologique. Accompagnant les Perspectives de l’OCDE sur les compétences 2013 : Premiers résultats de l’Évaluation des compétences des adultes, ce manuel passe en revue la conception et la méthodologie de l’évaluation, et ses relations avec d’autres évaluations internationales menées auprès des jeunes étudiants et des adultes.
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264224407
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 475; Essai d'aberration chromosomique sur moelle osseuse de mammifères
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The mammalian in vivo chromosome aberration test is used for the detection of structural chromosome aberrations induced by test compounds in bone marrow cells of animals, usually rodents (rats, mice and Chinese hamsters). Structural chromosome aberrations may be of two types: chromosome or chromatid. Animals are exposed to the test substance (liquid or solid) by an appropriate route of exposure (usually by gavage using a stomach tube or a suitable intubation cannula, or by intraperitoneal injection) and are sacrificed at appropriate times after treatment. Prior to sacrifice, animals are treated with a metaphase-arresting agent. Chromosome preparations are then made from the bone marrow cells and stained, and metaphase cells are analysed for chromosome aberrations. Each treated and control group must include at least 5 analysable animals per sex. The limit dose is 2000 mg/kg/body weight/day for treatment up to 14 days, and 1000 mg/kg/body weight/day for treatment longer than 14 days.
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264223387
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Projekt Gewinnverkürzung und Gewinnverlagerung
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Neutralising the Effects of Hybrid Mismatch Arrangements
    Keywords: Taxation
    Abstract: Dieser Bericht enthält Empfehlungen für nationale Regeln zur Neutralisierung des Effekts hybrider Gestaltungen sowie für entsprechende Änderungen des OECD-Musterabkommens. Wenn sie in nationales Recht umgesetzt sind, werden die Empfehlungen in Teil 1 des Berichts die Effekte von grenzüberschreitenden hybriden Gestaltungen neutralisieren, die zu Mehrfachabzügen ein und desselben Betriebsausgabenpostens bzw. zu einem Betriebsausgabenabzug in einem Staat ohne entsprechende Einnahmenbesteuerung in einem anderen Staat führen. Teil 1 des Berichts wird durch einen Kommentar ergänzt werden, der die empfohlenen Regeln erklären und ihre Anwendung anhand konkreter Beispiele erläutern soll. In Teil 2 des Berichts werden Änderungen des Musterabkommens vorgeschlagen, die gewährleisten sollen, dass hybriden Rechtsträgern (einschließlich doppelt ansässiger Rechtsträger) die Vorteile von Steuerabkommen nur dann gewährt werden, wenn dies tatsächlich angemessen ist. Des Weiteren wird in Teil 2 auf das Zusammenspiel zwischen dem OECD-Musterabkommen und den in Teil 1 empfohlenen nationalen Regeln eingegangen.
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Seoul : OECD/Korea Policy Centre, Korea
    ISBN: 9789264223332
    Language: Korean
    Pages: Online-Ressource (141 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Society at a Glance 2014; OECD Social Indicators
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Panorama de la société 2014 ; Les indicateurs sociaux de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264224162
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 239; Water-Sediment Myriophyllum Spicatum Toxicity Test
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Cette ligne directrice vise à évaluer la toxicité des produits chimiques sur le développement des plantes aquatiques à racines (Myriophyllum spicatum) cultivées dans un système eau-sédiment. L’apex d’individus sains et sans fleur sont mis en pot dans un sédiment synthétique normalisé complété par des nutriments et soumis à au moins 5 concentrations différentes du produit chimique d’essai pendant une période de 14 jours. On utilise au minimum 6 réplicats pour les témoins et 4 réplicats pour chaque concentration d’essai. Les variables quantitatives mesurées sont la longueur de la tige et l’évolution du poids frais et sec, et les variables mesurées qualitatives sont la présence ou non de chlorose, et la nécrose ou les anomalies de croissance. On détermine le taux de croissance spécifique (r) et le rendement (y), qui sont ensuite utilisés pour obtenir la CxEr et la CxEy (x pouvant être par exemple 10, 20, 50). De plus, la concentration minimale avec effet observé (CMEO) et la concentration sans effet observé (CSEO) peuvent être déterminées par calcul statistique.
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9789264221635
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.)
    Series Statement: Series on Pesticides and Biocides no.70
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This document is the report of the “OECD Workshop on Integrated Pest Management (IPM) - Strategies for the adoption and implementation of IPM in agriculture contributing to the sustainable use of pesticides and to pesticide risk reduction”, that took place on 16 19 October 2011, in Berlin, Germany, and was chaired by Dr. Wolfgang Zornbach of the German Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection. The developed detailed recommendations for promoting and facilitating the adoption and implementation of IPM strategies and for encouraging appropriate stakeholders to use IPM tools and measures. The workshop was planned in the framework of the “OECD Strategic Approach in Pesticide Risk Reduction”. It addressed the following four main issues: technology and Information, economics and market access, policies and strategies and measurements and impact. This report includes the outcomes of the workshop discussions, as well as the overall workshop conclusions (Section 4) and recommendations (Section 5) targeted at governments, all stakeholders and OECD.
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Beijing : Ministry of Commerce. Policy Research Department
    ISBN: 9789264174443
    Language: Chinese
    Pages: Online-Ressource (296 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Interconnected Economies; Benefiting from Global Value Chains
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Économies interconnectées ; Comment tirer parti des chaînes de valeur mondiales
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Science and Technology ; Trade ; Industry and Services
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Buckingham : Open University Press - McGraw-Hil
    ISBN: 9789264224568
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (312 p.)
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The detailed analysis of these 10 case studies together with the rest of the analytical text highlight the realities of P4P programs and their potential impact on the performance of health systems in a diversity of settings. This book provides critical insights into the experience to date with P4P and how this tool may be better leveraged to improve health system performance and accountability.
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264190832
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Energy Policies of IEA Countries
    Keywords: Energy ; European Union
    Abstract: In October 2014, the European Union (EU) set ambitious climate and energy targets for 2030, confirming its global leadership on climate change. But while the targets are in place, the legal framework to implement them is yet to be developed. Energy Policies of IEA Countries: European Union – 2014 provides recommendations on how the targets can be reached in a cost-effective and integrated way, while fostering the competitiveness and energy security of the European Union. The recommendations build on the lessons learned since the first IEA in-depth review of the European Union in 2008. Since then, EU energy policy has been driving energy market integration, cross-border trade and the implementation of energy and climate targets by 2020. The European Union is a global leader in transitioning towards a low-carbon economy: Europe’s unprecedented renewable energy boom, its action on energy efficiency and the economic downturn have all contributed to a drop in greenhouse gas emissions. However, energy security concerns have increased. Ageing nuclear and coal plants will be shut, and EU energy systems and markets must accommodate growing shares of variable renewable energy. The European Union seeks to foster access to diversified gas and oil supplies to reduce dependence on single suppliers. Making the most of its diversity, the European Union must strengthen the internal energy market to enhance both its energy security and the competitiveness of its industry. Yet, important interconnections are missing, and, despite the opening of the wholesale market and decreasing prices , concentrated and regulated retail markets do not deliver benefits to consumers. As member states adopt different decarbonisation pathways and energy policy choices, a strong “Energy Union” is needed with effective energy market rules and policies that support the development of low-carbon technologies, within the new energy and climate policy framework for 2030.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    ISBN: 9789264214675
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (113 S.)
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of vocational education and training
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Apprendre au-delà de l'école ; Rapport de synthèse
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Postsekundäre Berufsbildung; Synthesebericht
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Competencias más allá de la escuela ; Síntesis
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Skills beyond school
    Keywords: Berufsbildung ; Qualifikation ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Berufsausbildung ; Bildungspolitik
    Abstract: Higher level vocational education and training (VET) programmes are facing rapid change and intensifying challenges. What type of training is needed to meet the needs of changing economies? How should the programmes be funded? How should they be linked to academic and university programmes? How can employers and unions be engaged? This report synthesises the findings of the series of country reports done on skills beyond school.
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264223233
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Measures of tax compliance outcomes
    Keywords: Steuermoral ; Messung ; Taxation
    Abstract: This study provides practical guidance to revenue bodies wishing to enhance and enrich their existing measures with timely measures of compliance outcomes. The study shares experiences of what has worked for revenue bodies, what challenges have been faced and how they might be overcome.
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264216563
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (84 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews on Local Job Creation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Employment and skills strategies in Korea
    Keywords: Erwerbstätigkeit ; Qualifikation ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Südkorea ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: With the rising economic importance of human resources and skills, employment and training agencies are now often expected to play a more important role in local strategies to support new creation, facilitate restructuring and increase productivity. The OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Programme has developed an international cross-comparative study examining the contribution of local labour market policy to boosting quality employment and enhancing productivity. In Korea, the review has looked at the range of institutions and bodies involved in employment and skills policies, focusing on local strategies in the Bucheon and Busan regions.
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264211612
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Revues de l'OCDE sur la création locale d'emplois
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Employment and Skills Strategies in Canada
    Keywords: Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Canada
    Abstract: Ce rapport se fonde sur l’analyse de données infranationales et sur la consultation de parties prenantes locales dans quatre régions d’étude et deux provinces. Il établit un cadre de comparaison permettant d’appréhender le rôle de l’échelon local en faveur d’emplois plus nombreux et de meilleure qualité. Il pourra aider les responsables des politiques fédérales, provinciales et locales au Canada à bâtir au niveau local des partenariats efficaces et pérennes, porteurs de synergies et de résultats plus solides du point de vue des mesures prises pour l’emploi, la formation et le développement économique. Des politiques coordonnées peuvent aider les travailleurs à trouver l’emploi qui leur convient tout en stimulant l’entrepreneuriat et la productivité, et aboutir ainsi à une meilleure qualité de vie et à plus de prospérité aussi bien au niveau local que, globalement, dans le pays.
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264209527
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (316 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD territorial reviews
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regionalentwicklung ; Regionales Wachstum ; Regionalpolitik ; Niederlande ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Netherlands
    Abstract: The Dutch economy has been traditionally very competitive among OECD countries. The global financial crisis however has brought new challenges, especially during the second shock, from 2011 onwards. The government’s recovery plan, which includes various measures such as fiscal consolidation, stimulating innovation and sub-national government reform has an important territorial dimension. This review focuses on how sub-national institutions and development can help the Netherlands meet its challenges. In the short-term, factors such as the contribution of all regions, better use of resources, and more efficient provision of goods and services can help the recovery. In the long term, improving national competitiveness will largely depend on a strong performance of the polycentric city structure, which characterises the Netherlands. The key policy areas explored in this review include: the recently created top-sector innovation policy; decentralisation; and territorial reforms such as municipal and provincial re-scaling through mergers or co-operation.
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264222359
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (250 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: West African Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Un atlas du Sahara-Sahel ; Géographie, économie et insécurité
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als An atlas of the Sahara-Sahel
    RVK:
    Keywords: Geographie ; Volkswirtschaft ; Wirtschaftslage ; Sahel ; Development ; Sahel ; Geografie ; Wirtschaft
    Abstract: The Sahara-Sahel has seen recurrent episodes of instability. However, the recent Libyan and Malian crises have intensified the level of violence. These episodes have restructured the geopolitical and geographical dynamics of the region. Cross-border or regional, these contemporary crises require new institutional responses. How can countries sharing this space - Algeria, Libya, Mali, Morocco, Mauritania, Niger, Chad and Tunisia and all related states such as Nigeria - stabilize and develop? Historically, the Sahara plays an intermediary role between North Africa and sub-Saharan Africa. Commercial and human exchanges are intense and based on social networks that now include trafficking. Understanding their structure, geographical and organizational mobility of criminal groups and migratory movements represents a strategic challenge. This book hopes to address this challenge and stimulate strategies for the Sahel of the European Union, the United Nations, the African Union or ECOWAS (Economic Community of the States of West Africa) in order to foster lasting peace. The Atlas is based on an analysis of mapped regional security issues and development objectives to open the necessary dialogue between regional and international organizations, governments, researchers and local stakeholders tracks.
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  • 32
    ISBN: 9789264222182
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (246 p.)
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Decommissioning of nuclear facilities and related remedial actions are currently being undertaken around the world to enable sites or parts of sites to be reused for other purposes. Remediation has generally been considered as the last step in a sequence of decommissioning steps, but the values of prevention, long-term planning and parallel remediation are increasingly being recognised as important steps in the process. This report, prepared by the Task Group on Nuclear Site Restoration of the NEA Co-operative Programme on Decommissioning, highlights lessons learnt from remediation experiences of NEA member countries that may be particularly helpful to practitioners of nuclear site remediation, regulators and site operators. It provides observations and recommendations to consider in the development of strategies and plans for efcient nuclear site remediation that ensures protection of workers and the environment.
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  • 33
    ISBN: 9789264208841
    Language: German
    Pages: 466 S.
    Edition: überarb. Ausg.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Pisa 2012 Ergebnisse Bd. 1
    Series Statement: PISA
    Series Statement: PISA 2012 Ergebnisse
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. PISA 2012 Results; What Students Know and Can Do (Volume I, Revised edition, February 2014); Student Performance in Mathematics, Reading and Science
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Résultats du PISA 2012 ; Savoirs et savoir-faire des élèves (Volume I) ; Performance des élèves en mathématiques, en compréhension de l'écrit et en sciences
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Bei der jüngsten PISA-Studie sind asiatische Länder und Regionen die klaren Spitzenreiter – allein in Mathematik kamen sieben davon in die Top Ten. In Europa belegen Liechtenstein und die Schweiz die vorderen Plätze. Deutschland liegt zum ersten Mal in allen Testbereichen über den OECD-Schnitt, Österreichs Ergebnisse kehren nach einem Einbruch wieder zu einem guten Niveau zurück. Zum nun fünften Mal wurden die Fähigkeiten von 15-Jährigen in Lesen, Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften überprüft, der Schwerpunkt lag auf Mathematik.
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264218420
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (604 p.)
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: Ensuring energy security is a core responsibility of the International Energy Agency and a priority for its member countries. To this end, the ability to respond quickly and effectively in the event of a supply disruption is essential. Energy Supply Security 2014: The Emergency Response of IEA Countries provides an overview of the most recent oil and natural gas emergency policy reviews of the 29 IEA member countries as well as those of key partners such as Chile, China, India and ASEAN. The publication assesses each country’s emergency arrangements for security of supply of oil and gas, their stockholding structure, demand restraint measures and fuel switching capacity, and also provides a summary of energy security best practices among the IEA membership and beyond. Although the IEA was initially created to focus on oil supply security, energy markets have evolved, with other fuels playing increasingly important roles in the global energy mix. Thus, natural gas is highlighted in this publication, including assessments of measures to respond to and offset potential supply disruptions. Due to the increasing dependence of modern societies on reliable and secure electricity supplies, this publication also includes an overview of the electricity security assessment framework recently developed by the IEA for the purposes of strengthening countries’ electricity security.
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264221741
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (156 p.)
    Series Statement: Series on Chemical Accidents
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Guidance on Developing Safety Performance Indicators (“Guidance on SPI”) was prepared to assist enterprises that wish to implement and/or review Safety Performance Indicator Programmes. The three chapters in this Guidance are designed to help enterprises better understand safety performance indicators, and how to implement SPI Programmes. Specifically, Chapter 1 provides important background information on the Guidance and on SPIs more generally including (i) a description of the target audience for this Guidance, (ii) defi nitions of SPIs and related terms, and (iii) insights on the reasons for implementing an SPI Programme. Chapter 2 sets out a seven-step process for implementing an SPI Programme, along with three examples of how different types of enterprises might approach the establishment of such a Programme. These seven steps build on the experience of a number of enterprises in the UK that worked with the Health and Safety Executive to develop a practical approach for applying performance indicators. Chapter 3 provides additional support for the development of an SPI Programme by setting out a menu of possible elements (targets, outcome indicators and activities indicators). This menu is extensive in light of the different types of potentially interested enterprises, recognising that each enterprise will likely choose only a limited number of the elements to monitor its key areas of concern. Furthermore, it is understood that an enterprise may decide to implement an SPI Programme in steps, focusing fi rst on only a few priority areas, and then expanding and amending its Programme as experience is gained. Annexes provide further support with an expanded explanation of metrics and a summary of targets, along with a glossary, a list of selected references and a copy of the Guiding Principles’ “Golden Rules.”
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264224506
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 3
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 310 ; Biodégradabilité facile - dégagement de CO2 dans des flacons hermétiquement clos (essai de l'espace libre au-dessus du liquide)
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline is a screening method for the evaluation of ready biodegradability of chemicals. The test substance, normally at 20 mg C/L, as the sole source of carbon and energy, is incubated (during 28 days normally) in sealed bottles with aerobic condition containing a buffer-mineral salts medium, which has been inoculated with a mixed population of micro-organisms. In order to check the test procedure, a reference substance (aniline, sodium benzoate or ethylene glycol and 1-octanol) of known biodegradability should be tested in parallel. It is recommended that triplicate bottles be analysed after a sufficient number of time intervals. Also at least five test bottles (from test vessels, blank controls, and vessels with the reference substance) are analysed at the end of the test, to enable 95% confidence intervals to be calculated for the mean percentage biodegradation value. The CO2 evolution resulting from the ultimate aerobic biodegradation of the test substance is determined by measuring the Inorganic Carbon (IC) produced in the test bottles in excess of that produced in blank vessels containing inoculated medium only. The extent of biodegradation is expressed as a percentage of the theoretical maximum IC production (ThIC), based on the quantity of test substance added initially. Biodegradation 〉60% ThIC within the 10-d window in this test demonstrates that the test substance is readily biodegradable under aerobic conditions.
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264220959
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Series on Principles of Good Laboratory Practice and Compliance Monitoring
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This document is a statement of policy set by the 1989 Council Decision-Recommendation on Compliance with Good Laboratory Practice [C(89)87(Final). It reiterates the decisions and the recommendations related to the role and responsibilities of governments, national GLP compliance monitoring authorities and inspectors set out in that Act and its Annexes and states current practices. The Working Group on GLP is of the opinion that, while the Council Act allows “outsourcing” of inspection functions, this should be the exception rather than the rule and should be used only as an interim solution and primarily by new GLP compliance monitoring programmes.
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  • 38
    ISBN: 9789264221734
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (214 p.)
    Series Statement: Series on Chemical Accidents
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Document was designed to serve as a tool to assist industrial enterprises, public authorities, and communities near hazardous installations world-wide develop and implement a means to assess the success of their chemical safety activities. The guidance does not define a precise methodology, but rather provides guidance on how to develop and use safety performance indicators including the general elements of Safety Performance Indicators (SPI) Programmes.
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264224131
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 238 ; Essai de Toxicité sur Myriophyllum Spicatum dans un Système Sans Sédiment
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline is designed to assess the toxicity of chemicals on the growth of submerged aquatic plants Myriophyllum spicatum growing in a sediment-free test system. In a modified Andrews’ medium Myriophyllum spicatum plant cultures are exposed to at least five different concentrations of the test chemical over a period of 14 days. A minimum of 10 replicates for the controls and 5 replicates for each test concentration should be used. The measured variables include growth of shoot length, of lateral branches and roots, development of fresh and dry weight, increase of whorls. Both average specific growth rate (r) and yield (y) are determined and then used to expressed ErCx and EyCx respectively (x can be eg. 10,20,50) In addition, the lowest observed effect concentration (LOEC) and the no observed effect concentration (NOEC) may be statistically determined.
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  • 40
    ISBN: 9789264226487
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Science, Technology and Industry Outlook 2014
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: La ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación (CTI) son factores decisivos para lograr un desarrollo social y económico sostenible. La OCDE hace recomendaciones de política basadas en evidencia acerca de la aportación de la CTI a las metas de crecimiento, empleo, sustentabilidad y bienestar de las naciones. Los países de Iberoamérica han estado trabajando de cerca con la OCDE sobre diversos aspectos de CTI y ahora, a propósito de la Reunión de Ministros y Altas Autoridades de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, a celebrarse el 27 y 28 de noviembre en la ciudad de Puebla, México, la Organización ha preparado el presente Informe Iberoamericano, que se deriva de su OECD Science, Technology and Industry Outlook 2014. Su finalidad es informar a los responsables del diseño de políticas de CTI de la región, así como a representantes y analistas del sector empresarial, sobre los cambios recientes y próximos en los modelos mundiales de CTI. Asimismo, destaca las posibles implicaciones actuales y futuras de las políticas de CTI de los países a nivel tanto global como nacional.
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264223202
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Green Growth Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Indicateurs de croissance verte pour l'agriculture ; Évaluation préliminaire
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Green growth indicators for agriculture
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Landwirtschaft ; Landwirtschaftliche Entwicklung ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Landwirtschaft ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: An integral component of any green growth strategy is a highly-reliable set of measurement tools and indicators that would enable policy makers to evaluate how effective policies are, and to gauge the progress being achieved in shifting economic activity onto a greener path. These tools and indicators, which will need to be based on internationally comparable data, must also be embedded in a conceptual framework and selected according to a clearly-specified set of criteria. This report is a first step towards developing a framework to monitor progress on green growth in the agricultural sector in OECD countries. The goal is to identify relevant, succinct and measurable statistics to implement the OECD Green Growth Strategy Measurement Framework which provides a common basis for further developing green growth indicators in the agricultural sector in OECD countries.
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264207899
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews on Local Job Creation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Employment and skills strategies in Australia
    Keywords: Qualifikation ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Australien ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Australia
    Abstract: Employment and Skills Strategies in Australia focuses on the role of local employment and training agencies in contributing to job creation and productivity. It looks at the role of Local Employment Coordinators, introduced by the Department of Employment to work in 20 "priority employment areas" which were identified as needing extra assistance following the global financial crisis. This report is part of a comparative OECD review of local job creation policies, which explores how countries are putting measures in place at the local level to stimulate quality employment, social inclusion and growth.
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264202054
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Care Quality
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of health care quality
    Keywords: Gesundheitsversorgung ; Türkei ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Turkey ; Türkei ; Gesundheitswesen
    Abstract: Turkey underwent a very ambitious reform programme in 2003, the so-called "Health Transformation Programme". Access to healthcare in Turkey has greatly increased with the attainment of Universal Health Coverage, as also demonstrated by improvement in health outcomes, most notably around maternal and child health and infectious diseases. However, despite these significant achievements, Turkey has a significant way to travel to deliver high-quality health services to its population. Governance of the health system is highly centralised and typified by directive control from the Ministry of Health, and information collected in different part of the system is not always fully exploited. The OECD Review of Health Care Quality in Turkey recommends a number of changes to address these shortcomings. The key recommendations are that: i) Turkey needs to develop robust systems to standardise and monitor the quality of care, encourage continuous professional development and incorporate patient views; ii) some loosening of the governance structure would be welcome, to allow regions greater flexibility to assess and respond to local health needs and to continue to provide health workers with incentives for improve quality; iii) data on health sector activity and outcomes need to be made more available and more usable for individual patients and clinicians, while greater effort is needed to increase the robustness of Turkey’s information systems at national level and harmonise performance measures to OECD and other international comparators.
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9789264188419
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (256 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Missing Entrepreneurs; Policies for Inclusive Entrepreneurship in Europe
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Pallier la pénurie d'entrepreneurs ; Politiques d'entrepreneuriat inclusif en Europe
    DDC: 341.2422
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264208445
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (244 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Hewlett, Emily Making mental health count
    Keywords: Psychische Krankheit ; Medizinische Behandlung ; Soziale Kosten ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Forschungsbericht ; OECD ; Psychische Störung ; Untersuchung ; Soziale Kosten
    Abstract: Despite the enormous burden that mental ill-health imposes on individuals, their families, society, health systems and the economy, mental health care remains a neglected area of health policy in too many countries. Mental disorders represent a considerable disease burden, and have a significant impact on the lives of the OECD population, and account for considerable direct and indirect costs. This report argues that even in those OECD countries with a long history of deinstitutionalisation, there is still a long way to go to make community-based mental health care that achieves good outcomes for people with severe mental illness a reality. The disproportionate focus on severe mental illness has meant that mild-to-moderate mental illnesses, which makes up the largest burden of disease, have remained overwhelmingly neglected. This book addresses the high cost of mental illness, weaknesses and innovative developments in the organisation of care, changes and future directions for the mental health workforce, the need to develop better indicators for mental health care and quality, and tools for better governance of the mental health system. The high burden of mental ill health and the accompanying costs in terms of reduced quality of life, loss of productivity, and premature mortality, mean that making mental health count for all OECD countries is a priority.
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  • 46
    ISBN: 9789264208810
    Language: French
    Pages: 580 S.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Résultats du PISA 2012 vol. 1
    Series Statement: PISA
    Series Statement: Résultats du PISA 2012
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. PISA 2012 Results; What Students Know and Can Do (Volume I, Revised edition, February 2014); Student Performance in Mathematics, Reading and Science
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. PISA 2012 Ergebnisse; Was Schülerinnen und Schüler wissen und können (Band I, Überarbeitete Ausgabe, Februar 2014); Schülerleistungen in Lesekompetenz, Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: L’enquête PISA 2012, dont le domaine majeur d’évaluation est la culture mathématique, mais qui évalue aussi les performances des élèves en compréhension de l'écrit et en sciences, a évalué la capacité des jeunes âgés de 15 ans à se livrer à des raisonnements mathématiques et à utiliser des concepts, procédures, faits et outils pour décrire, expliquer et prévoir des phénomènes, et se comporter en citoyens constructifs, engagés et réfléchis, c’est-à-dire poser des jugements et prendre des décisions en toute connaissance de cause. Ce livre récapitule les résultats.
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  • 47
    ISBN: 9789264205314
    Language: French
    Pages: 342 S.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Résultats du PISA 2012 vol. 2
    Series Statement: PISA
    Series Statement: Résultats du PISA 2012
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. PISA 2012 Results; Excellence through Equity (Volume II); Giving Every Student the Chance to Succeed
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. PISA 2012 Ergebnisse; Exzellenz durch Chancengerechtigkeit (Band II); Allen Schülerinnen und Schülern die Voraussetzungen zum Erfolg sichern
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Ce livre définit et mesure l’équité en matière d’éducation, et examine comment l’équité a évolué depuis l’enquête PISA 2003.
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264224223
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 473; Essai d'aberration Chromosomique In Vitro chez les Mammifères
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The purpose of the in vitro chromosome aberration test is to identify agents that cause structural chromosome aberrations in cultured mammalian somatic cells. Structural aberrations may be of two types: chromosome or chromatid. The in vitro chromosome aberration test may employ cultures of established cell lines, cell strains or primary cell cultures. Cell cultures are exposed to the test substance (liquid or solid) both with and without metabolic activation during about 1.5 normal cell cycle lengths. At least three analysable concentrations of the test substance should be used. At each concentration duplicate cultures should normally be used. At predetermined intervals after exposure of cell cultures to the test substance, the cells are treated with a metaphase-arresting substance, harvested, stained. Metaphase cells are analysed microscopically for the presence of chromosome aberrations.
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  • 49
    ISBN: 9789264220720
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (232 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Capturing the multiple benefits of energy efficiency
    DDC: 333.7916
    Keywords: Energieeinsparung ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Energy
    Abstract: The traditional focus on energy savings as the main goal of energy efficiency policy has, at times, led to an underestimation of the full value of energy efficiency in both national and global economies. Energy efficiency can bring multiple benefits, such as enhancing the sustainability of the energy system, supporting strategic objectives for economic and social development, promoting environmental goals and increasing prosperity. The aim of this book is two-fold: to build knowledge of the multiple benefits of energy efficiency, and to demonstrate how policy makers and other stakeholders can use existing tools to measure and maximise the benefits they seek. Five key benefits areas – macroeconomic development; public budgets; health and wellbeing; industrial productivity; and energy delivery – are investigated in-depth, showing compelling returns when the value of multiple benefits is calculated alongside traditional benefits of energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions reductions. Considering multiple benefits also has important implications for unravelling one of the persistent challenges in energy efficiency – the rebound effect – revealing that it often signals a positive outcome in terms of achieving broader social and economic goals. By identifying and quantifying a broader range of impacts of energy efficiency, the multiple benefits approach repositions energy efficiency as a mainstream tool for economic and social development, and has the potential to motivate higher uptake of energy efficiency opportunities in the market.
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264205147
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (38 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Gender equality and the environment are treated as cross-cutting issues in all DAC peer reviews in recognition of their importance in development co-operation. This report highlights some of the common themes and important lessons on mainstreaming gender equality and the environment based on DAC members’ practices as documented in peer reviews, a number of donor evaluations as well as wider work across the OECD.
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264224414
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 475; Mammalian Bone Marrow Chromosomal Aberration Test
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: L'essai d'aberration chromosomique in vivo sur mammifères est employé à l’identification des composés d'essai qui induisent des aberrations structurales dans des cellules de moelle osseuse d’animaux, généralement des rongeurs (rats, souris et hamsters chinois). Les aberrations structurales peuvent être de deux types : chromosomiques ou chromatidiques. Des animaux sont exposés à la substance d'essai (liquide ou solide) par une voie d'exposition appropriée (habituellement par gavage via une sonde gastrique ou d’une canule de tubage appropriée, ou par injection intrapéritonéale) et sont sacrifiés après des délais appropriés de traitement. Avant le sacrifice, les animaux sont traités avec un inhibiteur de fuseau. Des préparations chromosomiques sont alors faites à partir des cellules de moelle et colorées, et des cellules de métaphase sont analysées pour mettre en évidence les aberrations chromosomiques. Chacun des groupes traités et de contrôle doivent inclure au moins 5 animaux analysables par sexe. La dose de limite est 2000 de mg/kg pc/jour pour le traitement jusqu'à 14 jours, et de 1000 mg/kg pc/jour pour le traitement de plus de 14 jours.
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  • 52
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264209138
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Water
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Changement climatique, eau et agriculture ; Vers des systèmes résilients
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Climate change, water and agriculture
    DDC: 363.7387
    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Wasserversorgung ; Agrarproduktion ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: This report reviews the main linkages between climate change, water and agriculture as a means to identifying and discussing adaptation strategies for better use and conservation of water resources. It aims to provide guidance to decision makers on choosing an appropriate mix of policies and market approaches to address the interaction between agriculture and water systems under climate change.
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  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264209688
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (48 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Action Plan on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Plan d'action concernant l'érosion de la base d'imposition et le transfert de bénéfices
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Plan de acción contra la erosión de la base imponible y el traslado de beneficios
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Plano de ação para o combate à erosão da base tributária e à transferência de lucros
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Action Plan on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (Russian version)
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Taxation
    Abstract: Nationale Steuergesetze haben nicht mit der Entwicklung global agierender Unternehmen und Firmen Schritt gehalten. Schlupflöcher, die zwischen den einzelnen nationalstaatlichen Regimen entstehen, können somit von multinationalen Unternehmen dazu genutzt werden, ihre Abgaben durch trickreiche Steuergestaltung zu minimieren. Der OECD-Aktionsplan, der sich gegen die Erosion von Steuerbemessungsgrundlagen und die Gewinnverlagerung (Base Erosion and Profit Shifting - BEPS) richtet, benennt 15 Maßnahmen, durch die Regierungen in Zukunft verhindern können, dass internationale Firmen wenig oder gar keine Steuern zahlen.
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264212619 , 9789264226821
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (245 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD investment policy reviews
    Keywords: Investitionspolitik ; Mauritius ; Finance and Investment ; Mauritius
    Abstract: This review illustrates the significant progress made by the government of Mauritius in improving its investment climate in recent years. It highlights major initiatives and specific policy measures undertaken, as well as areas that need further reforms to attract more and better investment, both domestic and foreign. While numerous policy advances have been achieved, this review identifies remaining challenges and policy options.
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264213586
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (76 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The 2012 labour market reform in Spain
    Keywords: 2012 ; Arbeitsmarktreform ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Spanien ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Spain
    Abstract: This report provides an initial evaluation of the comprehensive reform of the Spanish labour market undertaken in 2012. It describes the key components of the 2012 reform and places them in the context of the evolution of labour market institutions in other OECD member countries, with a particular focus on collective bargaining and employment protection legislation. The report also assesses the impact of the reform on the ability of firms to adjust wages and working time to cope with demand shocks, as well as the flows in the labour market for different types of contracts and the overall duality of the Spanish labour market. It also considers what complementary reforms would be required to improve the effectiveness of the labour market reform, in particular in the area of active labour market policies.
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264213500
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (232 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Science, technology and innovation in Viet Nam
    Keywords: Innovation ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Technologiepolitik ; Vietnam ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Viet Nam ; Vietnam ; Technischer Fortschritt
    Abstract: This book offers a comprehensive assessment of the innovation system of Viet Nam, focusing on the role of government and providing concrete recommendations on how to improve policies that affect innovation and R&D performance.
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  • 57
    ISBN: 9789264208773
    Language: English
    Pages: 560 S.
    Edition: rev. ed.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: PISA 2012 results vol. 1
    Series Statement: PISA
    Series Statement: PISA 2012 results
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Résultats du PISA 2012 ; Savoirs et savoir-faire des élèves (Volume I) ; Performance des élèves en mathématiques, en compréhension de l'écrit et en sciences
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. PISA 2012 Ergebnisse; Was Schülerinnen und Schüler wissen und können (Band I, Überarbeitete Ausgabe, Februar 2014); Schülerleistungen in Lesekompetenz, Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als PISA 2012 results ; Vol. I: What students know and can do
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: This first volume of PISA 2012 results summarises the performance of students in PISA 2012. It describes how performance is defined, measured and reported, and then provides results from the assessment, showing what students are able to do in mathematics. After a summary of mathematics performance, it examines the ways in which this performance varies on subscales representing different aspects of mathematics literacy. Given that any comparison of the outcomes of education systems needs to take into consideration countries’ social and economic circumstances, and the resources they devote to education, the volume also presents the results within countries’ economic and social contexts. In addition, the volume examines the relationship between the frequency and intensity of students’ exposure to subject content in school, what is known as “opportunity to learn”, and student performance. The volume concludes with a description of student results in reading and science. Trends in student performance in mathematics between 2003 and 2012, in reading between 2000 and 2012, and in science between 2006 and 2012 are examined when comparable data are available. Throughout the volume, case studies examine in greater detail the policy reforms adopted by countries that have improved in PISA.
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  • 58
    ISBN: 9789264201163
    Language: English
    Pages: 520 S.
    Edition: rev. vers.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: PISA 2012 results vol. 3
    Series Statement: PISA
    Series Statement: PISA 2012 results
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Résultats de PISA 2012 ; Des élèves prêts à apprendre (Volume III) ; Engagement, motivation et confiance en soi
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als PISA 2012 results ; Vol. III: Ready to learn
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: This third volume of PISA 2012 results explores students’ engagement with and at school, their drive and motivation to succeed, and the beliefs they hold about themselves as mathematics learners. The volume identifies the students who are at particular risk of having low levels of engagement in, and holding negative dispositions towards, school in general and mathematics in particular, and how engagement, drive, motivation and self-beliefs are related to mathematics performance. The volume identifies the roles schools can play in shaping the well-being of students and the role parents can play in promoting their children’s engagement with and dispositions towards learning. Changes in students’ engagement, drive, motivation and self-beliefs between 2003 and 2012, and how those dispositions have changed during the period among particular subgroups of students, notably socio-economically advantaged and disadvantaged students, boys and girls, and students at different levels of mathematics proficiency, are examined when comparable data are available. Throughout the volume, case studies examine in greater detail the policy reforms adopted by countries that have improved in PISA.
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  • 59
    ISBN: 9789264208094
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.)
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Series Statement: PISA 2012 results vol. 6
    Series Statement: PISA
    Series Statement: PISA 2012 results
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als PISA 2012 results ; Vol. VI: Students and money
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: This sixth volume of PISA 2012 results examines 15-year-old students’ performance in financial literacy in the 18 countries and economies that participated in this optional assessment. It also discusses the relationship of financial literacy to students’ and their families’ background and to students’ mathematics and reading skills. The volume also explores students’ access to money and their experience with financial matters. In addition, it provides an overview of the current status of financial education in schools and highlights relevant case studies.
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : IEA
    ISBN: 9789264174481
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p.)
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  • 61
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Guanajuato : Universidad de Guanajuato
    ISBN: 9789264224896
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (77 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Let's Read Them a Story! The Parent Factor in Education
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Lisons-leur une histoire ! ; Le facteur parental dans l'éducation
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Most parents know instinctively that spending more time with their children and being actively involved in their education will give their children a good head-start in life. But since most parents have to juggle competing demands at work and home, there never seems to be enough time or they feel ill-equipped to help. This book from OECD's Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) has some good news for concerned parents: it does not require a Ph.D or unlimited hours for parents to make a difference in their children's education. In fact, many parent-child activities that are associated with better reading performance among students involve relatively little time and no specialised knowledge. What these activities do demand is genuine interest and active engagement. "I enjoyed reading Let's Read Them a Story! The wide sample of countries shows the universality of the conclusions - conclusions which reassure parents that it is important to simply transmit the pleasure of reading to our children. No need to exhaust oneself finding the latest trendy children's books or educational toys; parents should simply read to children, enjoy reading themselves, and make family time to discuss what we've read." -Kristine Minski, mother of two
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264215610
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (68 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The size and sectoral distribution of SOEs in OECD and partner countries
    DDC: 332
    Keywords: Öffentliches Unternehmen ; Betriebsgröße ; Betriebsgrößenstruktur ; Branche ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: This report analyses a dataset detailing the size of national state-owned enterprise (SOE) sectors (by number, value and employment) and their composition by sector and corporate forms. The data relates to end-2012 and is based on questionnaire responses from government delegates to the OECD Working Party on State Ownership and Privatisation Practices. The authorities of 34 countries (of which 31 OECD member and three partner countries) contributed to the dataset.
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  • 63
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264212916
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (86 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Policy Framework for Investment in Agriculture
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Le Cadre d’action pour l’investissement agricole (CAIA) a vocation à aider les pays à évaluer et concevoir des politiques visant à attirer l’investissement privé vers l’agriculture et à optimiser la contribution de cet investissement à la croissance économique et à un développement durable. S’appuyant sur les bonnes pratiques de pays membres et non membres de l’OCDE, ce Cadre d’action propose des questions et des orientations dans dix domaines de politiques publiques identifiés comme cruciaux en vue d’attirer des investissements dans le secteur agricole.
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  • 64
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264202900
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (232 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews; South Africa 2013
    Keywords: Environment ; South Africa
    Abstract: Ce rapport est le troisième examen environnemental de l’Afrique du Sud. Il évalue les progrès accomplis par l’Afrique du Sud en termes de développement durable et de croissance verte, avec un accent particulier sur la biodiversité et l’économie des services écosystémiques, ainsi que sur la gouvernance environnementale multiniveaux.
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264214712
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (166 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Lavoro per gli immigrati; L'integrazione nel mercato del lavoro in Italia
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Jobs for immigrants ; Vol. 4: Labour market integration in Italy
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Migranten ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Soziale Integration ; Italien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Italy ; Bericht ; Italien ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Ausländischer Arbeitnehmer ; Soziale Integration
    Abstract: Until the mid-1990s, the share of migrants in Italy was relatively low in international comparison. With a persistent demand for foreign workers in low-skilled and low-paid jobs, the proximity of conflict areas and the enlargement of the European Union to Romania and Bulgaria in 2007, migration to Italy increased rapidly over the last 15 years. This report presents an overview of the skills and qualifications of immigrants in Italy, their key labour market outcomes in international comparison, and their evolution over time, given the highly segmented Italian labour market and its high share of informal jobs. It analyses the framework for integration and the main integration policy instruments. Special attention is paid to funding issues and to the distribution of competences between national and sub-national actors. Finally, this report reviews the integration at school and the school-to-work transition of the children of immigrants
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  • 66
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oslo : Ministry of Government Administration and Reform
    ISBN: 9789264211735
    Language: Norwegian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (22 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Guidelines on the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Lignes directrices de l'OCDE sur la protection de la vie privée et les flux transfrontières de données de caractère personnel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE sur la protection de la vie privée et les flux transfrontières de données de caractère personnel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: OECD Guidelines on the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data
    Keywords: Science and Technology
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  • 67
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264208520
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The feasibility and costs of spent nuclear fuel management and the consequent disposal of ultimate waste continue to be the subject of public debate in many countries, with particular concern often expressed over the lack of progress in implementing final disposal. Uncertainties about back-end costs and the financial risks associated with management of the back end have also been singled out as possible deterrents to investment in new nuclear power plants. This report offers an appraisal of economic issues and methodologies for the management of spent nuclear fuel and high-level waste from commercial power reactors. It includes a review of different backend options and current policies and practices, with a focus on the cost estimates for these options and the funding mechanisms in place or under consideration in OECD/NEA countries. A generic economic assessment of high-level estimates of back-end cost impacts on fuel cycle costs is undertaken for selected idealised scenarios, by means of a simple static model. Sensitivity analyses are conducted for the evaluation of uncertainties in major components and the identification of cost drivers. Since factors other than economics are an important part of the decision-making process, an analysis of the influence of key qualitative parameters in the selection of back-end strategies is also presented in this report.
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  • 68
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264207639
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (36 p.)
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: Electricity shortages can paralyse our modern economies. All governments fear rolling black-outs and their economic consequences, especially in economies increasingly based on digital technologies. Over the last two decades, the development of markets for power has produced cost reduction, technological innovation, increased cross border trade and assured a steady supply of electricity. Now, IEA countries face the challenge of maintaining security of electricity supply during the transition to low-carbon economies. Low-carbon policies are pushing electricity markets into novel territories at a time when most of the generation and network capacity will have to be replaced. Most notably, wind and solar generation, now an integral part of electricity markets, can present new operating and investment challenges for generation, networks and the regional integration of electricity markets. In addition, the resilience of power systems facing more frequent natural disasters is also of increasing concern. IEA ministers mandated the Secretariat to work on the Electricity Security Action Plan (ESAP), expanding to electricity the energy security mission of the IEA. This paper outlines the key conclusions and policy recommendations to "keep the lights on" while reducing CO 2 emissions and increasing the efficiency.
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264217270
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (44 p.)
    Series Statement: Better Policies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Portugal; Consolidação dareforma estrutural para o apoio ao crescimento e à competitividade
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Portugal: Consolidação dareforma estrutural para o apoio ao crescimento e à competitividade
    Keywords: Economics ; Portugal
    Abstract: Having been hit hard by the global crisis, the Portuguese government has taken action to put its economy back on track, and to correct external and budgetary imbalances. Public finances have strengthened, and the current account deficit has closed on the back of gains in competitiveness and improvements in export performance. Portugal has also been able to reduce income inequality and relative poverty, a major accomplishment during a severe crisis with record levels of unemployment. As Portugal successfully exits the EU-IMF-ECB-supported programme and emerges from recession, it is more important than ever to build on these achievements. At the request of the Portuguese authorities, the OECD has carried out an assessment of the impact of the reforms implemented to date on the economy’s longer-term growth outlook. The analysis is based on OECD indicators of the restrictiveness of Product Market Regulation (PMR) and the strictness of Employment Protection Legislation (EPL). It updates the OECD report Portugal: Reforming the State to Promote Growth, published in 2013. According to the OECD’s Going for Growth exercise, Portugal is among the OECD countries with the best recent track record of responsiveness to structural reform recommendations. The reforms undertaken since 2009 to promote competition in product markets and enhance the dynamism of the labour market are expected to raise productivity and potential GDP by at least 3.5% by 2020.
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  • 70
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264221116
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Series Statement: Series on Emission Scenario Documents no.20
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This OECD Emission Scenario Document (ESD) provides information on the sources, use patterns, and potential release pathways of chemicals used in the adhesive formulation industry. The document presents standard approaches for estimating the environmental releases of and occupational exposures to additives and components used in adhesive formulations. These approaches are intended to provide conservative, screening-level estimates resulting in release and exposure amounts that are likely to be higher, or at least higher than average, than amounts that might actually occur in the real world setting.
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  • 71
    ISBN: 9789264221123
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Series Statement: Series on Emission Scenario Documents no.18
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Emission Scenario Document (ESD) is intended to provide information to be used for risk assessment for active substances and products used as biocidal (i.e. non agricultural) insecticides, acaricides and products to control other arthropods (in the EU, product type 18 [PT18] c).
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  • 72
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264221178
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (35 p.)
    Series Statement: Series on Emission Scenario Documents no.8
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This OECD Emission Scenario Document (ESD) provides information on the sources, production processes, pathways and use patterns of chemicals used as additives in plastics to assist in the estimation of releases of chemicals to the environment.
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  • 73
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264221154
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (119 p.)
    Series Statement: Series on Emission Scenario Documents no.10
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This OECD Emission Scenario Document (ESD) provides information on the sources, use patterns and release pathways of chemicals used in lubricants to assist in the estimation of releases of chemicals into the environment.
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  • 74
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264221079
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Series Statement: Series on Emission Scenario Documents no.24
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This OECD Emission Scenario Document (ESD) provides information on the sources and release pathways of chemicals during their transport and storage in a wide range of industries, to help estimate releases of chemicals into the environment. This ESD covers the transport and storage of chemicals either as pure chemicals or as components of finished products. However, it does not consider the following: mixed waste streams, radioactive substances, biological and infectious materials and foodstuffs.
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  • 75
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264221710
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (29 p.)
    Series Statement: Series on Pesticides and Biocides no.63
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This document provides guidance to national regulatory authorities in providing greater incentives to encourage applicants (manufacturers/registrants) to register agricultural pesticides (including both synthetically and naturally derived products) for minor uses.
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  • 76
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789282107393
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Round Tables no.153
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Expanding airport capacity in large metropolitan areas is difficult. Community agreements on noise constrain growth at existing airports. Land prices can be prohibitive for relocating airports. Most new sites require extensive investment in surface transport links to city centres. In multi-airport regions, options for expansion at the airports are to an extent interdependent, complicating assessment of whether to build new runways. Many major airports are hubs for network carriers at the same time as serving a large local market. The complementarity between these functions may be a prerequisite for viable network operations, suggesting that distributing services over multiple airports instead of expanding the main hub would be costly. Hub airports and their network carriers often compete with hubs in neighbouring regions. The strategies of network carriers and potential new entrants to this part of the market need to be taken into account in assessing future demand for airport capacity. The requirements of low cost and other point-to-point carriers are equally important, but different. This report reviews international experience in reconciling planning and environmental constraints with demand for airport capacity and the potential benefits in terms of productivity and growth from developing international airline services. Experience is compared in London, New York, Tokyo, Osaka, Sydney and in Germany’s main airports with particular attention to the dynamics of airline markets and implications for airport planning in multi-airport cities.
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  • 77
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264215894
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (28 p.)
    Series Statement: Better Policies
    Keywords: Economics ; Slovenia
    Abstract: This book reviews recent work related to Slovenia and summarised key findings and recommendations in such areas as unemployment and the labour market, skills and productivity, product market competition, corporate governance, boosting innovation and moving up the value chain, public finances, the tax system, the financial system, and greening the economy.
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  • 78
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264219250
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (64 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'élaboration d'un instrument multilatéral pour modifier les conventions fiscales bilatérales
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ausarbeitung eines multilateralen Instruments zur Modifikation bilateraler Doppelbesteuerungsabkommen
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Developing a Multilateral Instrument to Modify Bilateral Tax Treaties; (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Developing a Multilateral Instrument to Modify Bilateral Tax Treaties; (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Ausarbeitung eines multilateralen Instruments zur Modifikation bilateraler Doppelbesteuerungsabkommen
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Developing a Multilateral Instrument to Modify Bilateral Tax Treaties: (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Developing a Multilateral Instrument to Modify Bilateral Tax Treaties: (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: L'élaboration d'un instrument multilatéral pour modifier les conventions fiscales bilatérales
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Developing a multilateral instrument to modify bilateral tax treaties
    Keywords: Doppelbesteuerung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation
    Abstract: This report identifies the issues arising from the development of a multilateral instrument that modifies bilateral tax treaties. Without a mechanism for swift implementation, changes to model tax conventions only widen the gap between the content of these models and the content of actual tax treaties. Developing such a mechanism is necessary not only to tackle base erosion and profit shifting, but also to ensure the sustainability of the consensual framework to eliminate double taxation. This is an innovative approach with no exact precedent in the tax world, but precedents for modifying bilateral treaties with a multilateral instrument exist in various other areas of public international law. Drawing on the knowledge of experts in public international law and taxation, the Report concludes that a multilateral instrument is desirable and feasible, and that negotiations for such an instrument should be convened quickly.
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  • 79
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264222335
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (254 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Cahiers de l'Afrique de l'Ouest
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. An Atlas of the Sahara-Sahel; Geography, Economics and Security
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: An Atlas of the Sahara-Sahel: Geography, Economics and Security
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Le Sahara-Sahel traverse des épisodes récurrents d’instabilité, cependant les crises libyenne et malienne récentes intensifient le degré de violence. Elles restructurent les dynamiques géopolitiques et géographiques. Transfrontalières voire régionales, ces crises contemporaines nécessitent de nouvelles réponses institutionnelles. Comment les pays partageant cet espace – Algérie, Libye, Mali, Maroc, Mauritanie, Niger, Tchad et Tunisie - peuvent-ils, ensemble et en relation avec des états tels que le Nigéria, le stabiliser et le développer ? Depuis toujours, le Sahara joue un rôle d’intermédiaire entre l’Afrique du Nord et l’Afrique subsaharienne. Avant l’époque romaine, des routes le traversaient déjà, à l’origine militaires. Les échanges commerciaux et humains sont intenses et fondés sur des réseaux sociaux auxquels se greffent désormais les trafics. La compréhension de leur structuration, de la mobilité géographique et organisationnelle des groupes criminels et des circulations migratoires représente un défi stratégique. Cet ouvrage espère relever ce défi et nourrir les stratégies pour le Sahel de l’Union européenne, des Nations Unies, de l’Union africaine ou encore de la CEDEAO (Communauté économique des États de l'Afrique de l'Ouest) en vue d’une paix durable. Cet Atlas s’appuie sur une analyse cartographiée et régionale des enjeux de sécurité et de développement pour ouvrir des pistes objectives au nécessaire dialogue entre organisations régionales et internationales, États, chercheurs et acteurs locaux.
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  • 80
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264218819
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Neutraliser les effets des dispositifs hybrides
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Neutralisierung der Effekte hybrider Gestaltungen
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Neutralising the Effects of Hybrid Mismatch Arrangements; (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Neutralising the Effects of Hybrid Mismatch Arrangements; (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Neutraliser les effets des dispositifs hybrides
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Neutralisierung der Effekte hybrider Gestaltungen
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Neutralising the Effects of Hybrid Mismatch Arrangements: (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Neutralising the Effects of Hybrid Mismatch Arrangements: (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Neutralising the effects of hybrid mismatch arrangements
    Keywords: Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation
    Abstract: This report sets out recommendations for domestic rules to neutralise the effect of hybrid mismatch arrangements and includes changes to the OECD Model Tax Convention to address such arrangements. Once translated into domestic law, the recommendations in Part 1 of the report will neutralise the effect of cross-border hybrid mismatch arrangements that produce multiple deductions for a single expense or a deduction in one jurisdiction with no corresponding taxation in the other jurisdiction. Part 1 of the report will be supplemented by a commentary, which will explain the recommended rules and illustrate their application with practical examples. Part 2 of the report sets out proposed changes to the Model Convention that will ensure the benefits of tax treaties are only granted to hybrid entities (including dual resident entities) in appropriate cases. Part 2 also considers the interaction between the OECD Model Convention and the domestic law recommendations in Part 1.
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  • 81
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264209718
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Making Development Co-operation More Effective; 2014 Progress Report
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Vers une coopération pour le développement plus efficace ; Rapport d'étape 2014
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: En 2011, la comunidad internacional se comprometió a hacer que la cooperación al desarrollo fuese más eficaz con el fin de obtener mejores resultados en la lucha contra la pobreza. A medio camino entre los compromisos contraídos en el Foro de Alto Nivel de Busan, Corea, de 2011 y la fecha límite de 2015 fijada para los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio, este informe hace balance de hasta dónde se ha llegado y dónde subsisten desafíos urgentes. El informe, la primera imagen de conjunto de la situación desde Busan basándose en los diez indicadores del marco de monitoreo de la Alianza Global. Pese a la inestabilidad económica mundial, el cambiante panorama político y la presión presupuestaria en los países, el compromiso en pro de los principios de cooperación al desarrollo se ha mantenido sólido. Sin embargo, aún queda mucho por hacer para traducir los compromisos políticos en acción concreta. El presente informe destaca donde es necesario concentrar los esfuerzos para seguir progresando y alcanzar las metas existentes por una cooperación al desarrollo más eficaz para 2015.
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  • 82
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264221802 , 9789264185807 , 9789264225466
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (112 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment at a Glance 2013; OECD Indicators
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Ce livre présente les indicateurs clés de l'environnement entérinés par les ministres de l'environnement des pays de l'OCDE. Ces indicateurs reflètent les progrès réalisés dans le domaine de l'environnement depuis 1990 et contribuent à mesurer la performance environnementale. Organisés par sujets tels que le changement climatique, la pollution de l'air, la biodiversité, les déchets ou l'eau, ces indicateurs ont tout pour plaire à ceux qui sont interéssés par l'environnement et par le dévelopement durable.
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  • 83
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264181243
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (205 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Compendium of Agri-environmental Indicators
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment
    Abstract: Ce livre fournit l’ensemble des indicateurs agro-environnementaux les plus récents et les plus complets concernant les 34 pays membres de l’OCDE sur la période 1990-2010. Il s’appuie sur les travaux conduits pendant vingt ans par l’OCDE dans ce domaine. Ces indicateurs ont pour objet de décrire l’état actuel de l’environnement dans l’agriculture et sa tendance ; de mettre en évidence les lieux où des situations critiques sont en train d’apparaître ; de comparer l’évolution des performances entre périodes et entre pays ; et de fournir un ensemble d’indicateurs et une base de données pour suivre et évaluer l’action publique, projeter les tendances futures et concevoir des indicateurs de croissance verte.
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  • 84
    ISBN: 9789264204485
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als National intellectual property systems, innovation and economic development
    Keywords: Immaterialgüterrechte ; Innovation ; Entwicklung ; Kolumbien ; Indonesien ; Science and Technology ; Colombia ; Indonesia
    Abstract: This publication addresses the role of national systems of IP in the socio-economic development of emerging countries, notably through their impact on innovation. It presents a framework that identifies the key mechanisms that enable IP systems to support emerging countries’ innovation and development objectives. The report also discusses two IP country studies conducted for Colombia and Indonesia. These are based on analyses of the national intellectual property systems, drawing on country missions that gathered detailed information and feedback from more than 100 stakeholders on IP-related priorities and bottlenecks. Concrete policy recommendations are provided for both countries.
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  • 85
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264226579
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD development co-operation peer reviews
    Keywords: Entwicklungshilfe ; Großbritannien ; Development ; United Kingdom ; Großbritannien ; Entwicklungshilfe
    Abstract: This review of the development co-operation efforts of the United Kingdom examines its policies, performance and implementation. It takes an integrated, system-wide perspective on the development co-operation and humanitarian assistance activities of the member under review.
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9789264209480
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Panorama de las Administraciones Públicas ; América Latina y el Caribe 2014; Innovación en la gestión financiera pública
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Latin American and Caribbean Government at a Glance offers a dashboard of more than 30 indicators to help decision makers and citizens analyze and benchmark government performance both within the LAC region and compared to the OECD countries. The publication focuses in four broad areas: budgeting practices; public sector pay and employment; public procurement and public finances. Furthermore, the policy chapter deepens in the budgetary and fiscal innovations which have taken place for the LAC region in the past years. Despite the fact that the LAC region has not been so badly affected by the recent Global and Financial crisis, the Latin American an Carribbean Government at a Glance argues that governments need to be more inclusive, transparent, receptive and efficient. For that, they need to improve among other budgetary, employment and procurement practices, as well as increase the transparency levels.
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264208384
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews; Colombia 2014
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Evaluaciones del desempeño ambiental; Colombia 2014
    Keywords: Environment ; Colombia
    Abstract: Ce rapport est le premier examen environnemental de la Colombie. Il évalue les progrès accomplis par la Colombie en termes de développement durable et de croissance verte, avec un accent particulier sur la gestion des produits chimiques et l’adaptation au changement climatique.
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  • 88
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264216006
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (40 p.)
    Series Statement: Better Policies
    Keywords: Economics ; Germany
    Abstract: This book provides an overview of the key challenges currently faced in Germany and OECD's main policy recommendations to address them. Drawing on the OECD’s expertise in comparing country experiences and identifying best practices, the book tailors the OECD’s policy advice to the specific and timely priorities of Germany, focusing on how its government can make reform happen.
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : Paris Cedex 17
    ISBN: 9789282106013
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. ITF Transport Outlook 2013; Funding Transport
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789282107720
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Round Tables no.154
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Grands projets d'infrastructures de transport et développement économique
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: This report discusses the state of the art in understanding the economic effects of major transport infrastructure projects. It examines the limits of socio-economic cost-benefit analysis (CBA) and reviews the development of complementary and alternative approaches to assessing the benefits of investment in large, transformative projects. In particular, his report focuses on practical appraisal tools developed for assessment of the Grand Paris super-metro and London’s Crossrail project.
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  • 91
    ISBN: 9789264213944
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les femmes et l'entreprise 2014 ; Accélérer le développement de l'entreprenariat dans la région Afrique du Nord et Moyen-Orient
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Women in business 2014
    Keywords: Unternehmer ; Frauen ; MENA-Staaten ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Women in Business 2014 summarises the progress made by the OECD-MENA Women Business Forum (WBF) since the publication of its first Women in Business report in 2012. In 2012, five groups of actions had been identified as priorities to be carried out by governments, international stakeholders, financial and business support organisations, as well as statistical agencies. In two years, the WBF has developed inputs for three of these areas of priority actions. The WBF’s contributions are growing along with its increased recognition as a hub which spurs concrete improvements in the business climate for women entrepreneurs in the MENA region. Today, women’s entrepreneurship is all the more important as governments in the region are facing the colossal challenge of rebooting job creation to improve the well-being of a growing workforce and confidence in the economy. The economic prospects of MENA economies that are going through a political transition have improved but unemployment has increased, inflation is rising and public finances have deteriorated. In these countries, political uncertainties add to long term structural difficulties. In the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, the challenges still lie in the diversification of their economies.
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  • 92
    ISBN: 9789264217027
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (424 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Matching Economic Migration with Labour Market Needs
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Cette publication présente de nouvelles illustrations de l’influence des migrations internationales en Europe et dans quelques autres pays de l’OCDE sur la population active ; sur les niveaux d’éducation ; et sur l’évolution de la distribution des professions au cours de la dernière décennie. Elle analyse les compétences dont disposent les migrants et la façon dont elles sont utilisées sur la base d’une revue approfondie de la littérature ; et présente de nouvelles analyses des données européennes et américaines , canadiennes et de l’OCDE en général en se basant sur les données de l’Évaluation des compétences des adultes – PIAAC. Enfin, plusieurs chapitres discutent du rôle que les migrations internationales pourraient jouer pour répondre aux besoins de main-d’oeuvre présents et futurs en Europe, aux États-Unis et dans l’Union européenne. Ces travaux montrent que si les migrations peuvent contribuer de façon importante à l’accroissement de la population active, leur capacité à contrer les effets du vieillissement de la population dépendront de la capacité des pays à mettre en adéquation les besoins en main-d’oeuvre avec les caractéristiques des migrants. Dans ce domaine, des efforts doivent être réalisés pour mieux utiliser les compétences des migrants et adapter les systèmes de gestion des migrations de travail aux besoins des employeurs.
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264206847
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Series Statement: Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ageing and Employment Policies; France 2014; Working Better with Age
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; France
    Abstract: L’espérance de vie n’a jamais été aussi élevée qu’aujourd’hui tandis que la fécondité est en diminution dans la majorité des pays de l’OCDE. Pour faire face à ces tendances démographiques, il faut adapter les dépenses publiques de protection sociale et assurer leur viabilité à long terme, en particulier en favorisant l’emploi des seniors. Avec le recul de l’âge légal de la retraite, les seniors vont travailler plus longtemps et les entreprises devront les garder en emploi. Mais parmi les seniors, ceux qui perdent leur emploi risquent de rester longtemps au chômage car leurs chances d’en retrouver un sont faibles. Comment les pays peuvent-ils réagir face à cette réalité ? Comment donner aux seniors de meilleurs choix et incitations au travail ? Comment promouvoir la diversité des âges dans les entreprises ? Cette série de rapports s’attache à analyser et évaluer quelles sont les meilleures politiques à mener pour favoriser l'employabilité, la mobilité professionnelle et la demande de travail à un âge plus élevé.
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  • 94
    ISBN: 9789264222748
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (290 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Mortality assumptions and longevity risk
    RVK:
    Keywords: Sterblichkeit ; Versicherungsökonomik ; Versicherungsmathematik ; Pensionskasse ; Finance and Investment ; OECD ; Sterblichkeit ; Lebenserwartung ; Versicherungsmathematik
    Abstract: Pension funds and annuity providers need to effectively manage the longevity risk they are exposed to. Individuals receiving a lifetime income may live longer than expected or accounted for in the actuarial calculations to provision for these liabilities. Mismanaged longevity risk can deteriorate finances, cause bankruptcy and expose individuals to the risk of losing their retirement income. To safeguard against this risk, pension funds and annuity providers must provision for future improvements in mortality and life expectancy. The regulatory framework can support the effective management of longevity risk. This publication assesses how pension funds, annuity providers such as life insurance companies, and the regulatory framework account for future improvements in mortality and life expectancy. The study then examines the mortality tables commonly used by pension funds and annuity providers against several well-known mortality projection models with the purpose of assessing the potential shortfall in provisions. The final part of the publication identifies best practices and discusses the management of longevity risk, putting forward a set of policy options to encourage and facilitate the management of longevity risk.
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  • 95
    ISBN: 9789264220676
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (450 p.)
    Edition: Second edition
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Europäische Kommission. Statistisches Amt Eurostat-OECD methodological guide for developing producer price indices for services
    Keywords: Erzeugerpreisindex ; Dienstleistungssektor ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; OECD ; Erzeugerpreis ; Preisindex ; Dienstleistungssektor
    Abstract: The International Producer Price Index Manual, Theory and Practice (PPI Manual) published by the IMF in 2004 consituted a landmark for international standards on price measurement and contains detailed, comprehensive information for the compilation of producer price indices as well as an extensive coverage of the conceptual and theoretical issues. This second edition of the Methodological Guide for Developing Producer Price Indices for Services (SPPI Guide) is a complement to the PPI Manual in two ways: it focuses on service-specific aspects in the PPI compilation by developing further the conceptual framework and it adds detailed descriptions of PPI measurement for a wide range of individual service industries. This second edition of the SPPI Guide has been jointly produced by the OECD, Eurostat, the members of a task Force with deleguates from 14 OECD/EU members countries (Australia, Austria, Canada, France, Germany, Hungary, Israel, Japan, Korea, Mexico, Netherlands, Poland, the United Kingdom and the United States)and in synergy with the Voorburg Group. Several countries contributed to the Guide by providing descriptions of service PPIs for individual industries, other countries were represented by national experts in at least one meeting of the Task Force.
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264224605
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (330 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Regierung ; Governance-Ansatz ; Verwaltungsreform ; Kasachstan ; Governance ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Verwaltungsreform
    Abstract: This review examines the functioning, structure and organisation of the central government and line ministries in Kazakhstan, as well as their capacities to implement national objectives and priorities, outlined in the Kazakhstan’s Vision 2050. It also focuses on tools, strategic management and accountability frameworks in the Government of Kazakhstan, in line with the strategic management principles outlined in the General Approaches to Modernization of Public Administration of Kazakhstan by 2020.
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  • 97
    ISBN: 9789264085497
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (213 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Series on Testing and Assessment no.97
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Increasing incidents of disorders such as obesity/diabetes/metabolic syndrome, reproductive dysfunction, and neuro-developmental abnormalities in some human populations have raised concern that disruption of key endocrine-signaling pathways by exposure to environmental chemicals may be involved. This Detailed Review Paper describes some endocrine pathways that have been shown to be susceptible to environmental endocrine disruption and whose disruption could contribute to increasing incidents of some disorders in humans and wildlife populations.
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  • 98
    ISBN: 9789264227521
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Women in Business 2014; Accelerating Entrepreneurship in the Middle East and North Africa Region
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: « Les femmes et l’entreprise 2014 » dresse un tableau des progrès accomplis dans le cadre du Forum des Femmes Entrepreneurs OCDE-MENA depuis la parution du premier rapport « Les femmes et l’entreprise » en 2012. En 2012, cinq domaines d'actions ont été identifiés comme priorités à mettre en œuvre par les gouvernements, les parties prenantes internationales, les organisations financières et de soutien aux entreprises, ainsi que par les agences statistiques. En deux ans, le Forum des Femmes Entrepreneurs a développé des contributions dans trois de ces domaines d'action prioritaires. Les contributions du Forum des Femmes Entrepreneurs sont à la mesure de sa reconnaissance croissante en tant que hub encourageant des améliorations concrètes du climat des affaires pour les femmes entrepreneurs dans la région MENA. Plus que jamais, l’entrepreneuriat féminin constitue un volet essentiel des politiques de création d’emplois mises en place par les gouvernements de la région afin d’améliorer le bien-être d’une main-d’œuvre croissante et restaurer la confiance dans l’économie. Les perspectives économiques des pays de la région MENA ayant traversé une transition politique se sont améliorées, mais le chômage reste en hausse, l'inflation continue d’augmenter et les finances publiques de se détériorer. Dans ces pays, les incertitudes politiques s’ajoutent à des difficultés structurelles. Dans les pays du Conseil de coopération du Golfe (CCG), les défis restent encore liés à la diversification de leurs économies.
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (36 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Environment Policy Papers no.3
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Personal behaviour and choices in daily life, from what we eat to how we get to work or heat our homes, have a significant – and growing – effect on the environment. But why are some households greener than others? And what factors motivate green household choices? Answering these questions is vital for helping governments design and target policies that promote “greener” behaviour. The OECD’s Environmental Policy and Individual Behaviour Change (EPIC) survey is designed to do just that. This large-scale household survey explores what drives household environmental behaviour and how policies may affect household decisions. It focuses on five areas in which households have significant environmental impact: energy, food, transport, waste and water. This policy paper is based on the second round of the EPIC survey, carried out in 2011 (the first was in 2008). The survey collected information from more than 12 000 households in Australia, Canada, Chile, France, Israel, Japan, Korea, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland.
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  • 100
    ISBN: 9789264221352
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (213 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Series on Testing and Assessment no.178
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This document describes some endocrine pathways that have been shown to be susceptible to environmental endocrine disruption and whose disruption could contribute to increasing incidents of some disorders in humans and wildlife populations, such as obesity/diabetes/metabolic syndrome, reproductive dysfunction, and neuro-developmental abnormalities. Assays and endpoints are described that could be used in new or existing OECD Test Guidelines for evaluating chemicals for endocrine-disrupting activity. Endocrine pathways evaluated are the hypothalamus:pituitary:adrenocortical (HPA) axis, the hypothalamus:pituitary:gonad (HPG) axis, the somatotropic axis, the retinoid signaling pathway, the hypothalamus:pituitary:thyroid (HPT) axis, the vitamin D signaling pathway, and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway.
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